EP2329128B1 - Common rail diesel fuel injection system - Google Patents

Common rail diesel fuel injection system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2329128B1
EP2329128B1 EP09776724.8A EP09776724A EP2329128B1 EP 2329128 B1 EP2329128 B1 EP 2329128B1 EP 09776724 A EP09776724 A EP 09776724A EP 2329128 B1 EP2329128 B1 EP 2329128B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
injectors
pressure
injection
common rail
fuel
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Active
Application number
EP09776724.8A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2329128A1 (en
Inventor
Erich Eder
Simon Thierfelder
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Motorenfabrik Hatz GmbH and Co KG
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Motorenfabrik Hatz GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP2329128A1 publication Critical patent/EP2329128A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/02—Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
    • F02M63/0225—Fuel-injection apparatus having a common rail feeding several injectors ; Means for varying pressure in common rails; Pumps feeding common rails
    • F02M63/023—Means for varying pressure in common rails
    • F02M63/0235—Means for varying pressure in common rails by bleeding fuel pressure
    • F02M63/025—Means for varying pressure in common rails by bleeding fuel pressure from the common rail
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0625—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
    • F02M51/0635—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a plate-shaped or undulated armature not entering the winding
    • F02M51/0642—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a plate-shaped or undulated armature not entering the winding the armature having a valve attached thereto
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/02—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type
    • F02M59/10—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type characterised by the piston-drive
    • F02M59/102—Mechanical drive, e.g. tappets or cams
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/02—Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
    • F02M63/0225—Fuel-injection apparatus having a common rail feeding several injectors ; Means for varying pressure in common rails; Pumps feeding common rails
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/02—Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
    • F02M63/0225—Fuel-injection apparatus having a common rail feeding several injectors ; Means for varying pressure in common rails; Pumps feeding common rails
    • F02M63/0265—Pumps feeding common rails
    • F02M63/027—More than one high pressure pump feeding a single common rail

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an injection system for diesel fuel via a common rail (CR) and injectors for the operation of diesel engines with a power ⁇ 37 kW, which manage with an injection pressure to ezwa 800 bar.
  • CR common rail
  • a known injection system of the CR type is in US-A-5441028 described.
  • an uncontrolled tappet-operated monobloc pump is used for common rail feed; such injectors are those for the leak-free direct injection; the pressure in the common rail is relieved on the pressure side via a pressure regulating valve.
  • Such CR systems are commonly used in gasoline engines.
  • simple injectors are sufficient for a leak-free direct injection, because in gasoline engines, the injection pressures are relatively low compared to diesel engines.
  • CR systems for diesel engines ( EP 1287079 A1 )
  • Complex solenoid-controlled injectors which are each connected via leakage oil lines to the tank, ie by the CR system is to promote a much larger amount of fuel beyond the required injection amount, the total subsidized amount is four to five times the amount required by the engine can.
  • Such a CR system needed for diesel engines thus a high energy consumption to ensure high pressures and flow rates.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a simple and controllable CR system for diesel engines with low power, which in particular works with small leaks and in which at low cost commercially available components can be used.
  • mini-HD pumps for pressures up to 800 bar, which are extremely inexpensive as so-called monobloc pumps or PF pumps available in the market.
  • low-cost injectors come into question, as they are available as directly injecting injectors for gasoline engines.
  • the further inventive feature according to which the pressure in the rail by means of an ECU via a pressure control valve (DRV) is relieved on the pressure side, contributes to further simplification, by making it possible to control the pressure control valve according to the map.
  • the fuel discharged on the pressure side is easily conveyed back into the tank via a fuel return line.
  • Fuel injection by the injectors is also map-controlled by the ECU, with their magnet assemblies correspondingly energized to actuate the nozzle needle, e.g. under realization of a pre, main and post injection per stroke of a cylinder.
  • Two such monobloc pumps supply a rail 2.
  • the monoblock pumps 1 are actuated by their roller tappet 14 by a camshaft, not shown.
  • the monoblock pumps 1 convey into the rail 2 a constant amount, the excess amount is diverted and returned via a fuel return line 12 to the tank.
  • the stored in an electronic control unit 4 in the map injection pressure is set by the pressure-side flow control via a DRV 6.
  • the diverted fuel passes through the fuel return line 12 back into the tank 7.
  • the injectors 3 are connected according to the number of engine cylinders via high pressure lines 11 to the rail.
  • Each injector 3 is energized via a line 16 from the ECU according to the map.
  • Via a line 17, the ECU is connected to a pressure control valve 6, which discharges from the rail 2 on the pressure side that amount which corresponds to the respective given rail pressure.
  • Another line 18 connects the ECU 4 with a pressure sensor 5, which is also connected to the rail 2.
  • a fuel pump 8 an electric diaphragm pump or a conventional piston pump is suitable.
  • the monobloc pumps 1 are supplied, which compress the fuel and over a pump-mounted check valve and a high-pressure line 10 to the rail 2 supplies.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Einspritzsystem für Dieselkraftstoff über ein Common Rail (CR) und Injektoren zum Betrieb von Dieselmotoren mit einer Leistung < 37 kW, welche mit einem Einspritzdruck bis ezwa 800 bar auskommen.The invention relates to an injection system for diesel fuel via a common rail (CR) and injectors for the operation of diesel engines with a power <37 kW, which manage with an injection pressure to ezwa 800 bar.

Ein bekanntes Einspritzsystem des CR-Typs ist in US-A-5441028 beschrieben. Dabei wird zur Common-Rail-Einspeisung eine ungeregelte stösselbetätigte Monoblockpumpe verwendet; als Injektoren dienen solche für die leckagefreie Direkteinspritzung; der Druck im Common Rail wird über ein Druckregelventil druckseitig abgesteuert.A known injection system of the CR type is in US-A-5441028 described. In this case, an uncontrolled tappet-operated monobloc pump is used for common rail feed; such injectors are those for the leak-free direct injection; the pressure in the common rail is relieved on the pressure side via a pressure regulating valve.

Derartige CR-Systeme (vgl. auch WO 2007/096759 A ) kommen üblicherweise bei Ottomotoren zur Anwendung. Hierbei genügen einfache Injektoren für eine leckagefreie Direkteinspritzung, weil bei Ottomotoren die Einspritzdrücke im Vergleich zu Dieselmotoren vergleichsweise niedrig sind.Such CR systems (see also WO 2007/096759 A ) are commonly used in gasoline engines. Here, simple injectors are sufficient for a leak-free direct injection, because in gasoline engines, the injection pressures are relatively low compared to diesel engines.

Hingegen besitzen CR-Systeme für Dieselmotoren ( EP 1287079 A1 ) aufwendige magnetventilgesteuerte Injektoren, welche jeweils über Leckölleitungen mit dem Tank verbunden sind, d.h. durch das CR-System ist über die benötigte Einspritzmenge hinaus eine wesentlich größere Kraftstoffmenge zu fördern, wobei die insgesamt geförderte Menge das Vier- bis Fünffache der vom Motor benötigten Menge betragen kann. Ein solches CR-System für Dieselmotoren benötigt somit einen hohen Energieaufwand zur Gewährleistung hoher Drücke und Durchsatzmengen.On the other hand, CR systems for diesel engines ( EP 1287079 A1 ) Complex solenoid-controlled injectors, which are each connected via leakage oil lines to the tank, ie by the CR system is to promote a much larger amount of fuel beyond the required injection amount, the total subsidized amount is four to five times the amount required by the engine can. Such a CR system needed for diesel engines thus a high energy consumption to ensure high pressures and flow rates.

Demgegenüber besteht die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung darin, ein einfach aufgebautes und kontrollierbares CR-System für Dieselmotoren mit kleinen Leistungen bereitzustellen, welches insbesondere mit kleinen Leckagen arbeitet und bei dem zu günstigen Bedingungen im Handel erhältliche Bauelemente einsetzbar sind.In contrast, the object of the present invention is to provide a simple and controllable CR system for diesel engines with low power, which in particular works with small leaks and in which at low cost commercially available components can be used.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Verwendung gemäß Anspruch 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by the use according to claim 1.

Dabei genügen sogenannte Mini-HD-Pumpen für Drücke bis zu 800 bar, welche äußerst kostengünstig als sogenannte Monoblockpumpen oder PF-Pumpen im Handel erhältlich sind. Neben derartigen ungeregelten Kolbenpumpen kommen sogenannte Low-cost-Injektoren in Frage, wie sie als direkt einspritzende Injektoren für Ottomotoren zur Verfügung stehen.In this case, so-called mini-HD pumps for pressures up to 800 bar, which are extremely inexpensive as so-called monobloc pumps or PF pumps available in the market. In addition to such uncontrolled piston pumps so-called low-cost injectors come into question, as they are available as directly injecting injectors for gasoline engines.

Da für Kleindieselmotoren mit einem Hubraum < 500 ccm bzw. unter einem Leistungsbereich von 37 kW bei Drücken unter 800 bar Partikelgrenzwerte im Rahmen zulässiger Emissionen erreichbar sind - PM < 0,3 g/kWh und NOx + HC < 7,5 g/kW - stellt der erfindungsgemäß aufgezeigte Lösungsweg nicht nur ein emissionsgerechtes, sondern auch ein extrem kostengünstiges Einspritzsystem für Dieselmotoren kleiner Leistungen dar.Since small diesel engines with a displacement of <500 cc or under a power range of 37 kW at pressures below 800 bar can achieve particle limits within permissible emissions - PM <0.3 g / kWh and NOx + HC <7.5 g / kW - represents the proposed solution according to the invention not only an emission-appropriate, but also an extremely cost-effective injection system for diesel engines small power.

Das weitere erfindungsgemäße Merkmal, wonach der Druck im Rail mittels einer ECU über ein Druckregelventil (DRV) druckseitig abgesteuert wird, trägt zur weiteren Vereinfachung bei, indem sie es ermöglicht, das Druckregelventil entsprechend dem Kennfeld zu steuern. Der druckseitig abgesteuerte Kraftstoff wird auf einfache Weise über eine Kraftstoffrücklaufleitung in den Tank zurückgefördert.The further inventive feature, according to which the pressure in the rail by means of an ECU via a pressure control valve (DRV) is relieved on the pressure side, contributes to further simplification, by making it possible to control the pressure control valve according to the map. The fuel discharged on the pressure side is easily conveyed back into the tank via a fuel return line.

Die Kraftstoffeinspritzung durch die Injektoren wird ebenfalls über die ECU kennfeldgesteuert, wobei deren Magnetanordnungen zur Betätigung der Düsennadel entsprechend bestromt werden, z.B. unter Verwirklichung einer Vor-, Haupt- und Nacheinspritzung je Arbeitshub eines Zylinders.Fuel injection by the injectors is also map-controlled by the ECU, with their magnet assemblies correspondingly energized to actuate the nozzle needle, e.g. under realization of a pre, main and post injection per stroke of a cylinder.

Durch den Einsatz der bei Ottomotoren bekannten Low-cost-Injektoren, bei denen die Düsennadel am Anker einer Magnetanordnung befestigt ist, entfallen hydraulische Leckagen, wie sie bei üblichen CR-Systemen für Dieselmotoren in Kauf zu nehmen sind. Das erfindungsgemäße CR-System arbeitet daher besonders effektiv und sparsam.The use of known in gasoline engines low-cost injectors in which the nozzle needle is attached to the armature of a magnet assembly, eliminating hydraulic leaks, as they are to be taken in conventional CR systems for diesel engines in purchasing. The CR system according to the invention therefore works particularly effectively and economically.

Im Folgenden wird ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung anhand der Zeichnung beschrieben.In the following an embodiment of the invention will be described with reference to the drawing.

Diese zeigt eine Monoblockpumpe 1 in Form einer einfachen Stempelpumpe, welche in Abstimmung auf die jeweilige Motorgröße gewählt wird. Zwei derartige Monoblockpumpen versorgen ein Rail 2. Die Monoblockpumpen 1 werden über deren Rollenstößel 14 von einer nicht gezeichneten Nockenwelle betätigt.This shows a monoblock pump 1 in the form of a simple stamping pump, which in coordination the respective motor size is selected. Two such monobloc pumps supply a rail 2. The monoblock pumps 1 are actuated by their roller tappet 14 by a camshaft, not shown.

Die Monoblockpumpen 1 fördern in das Rail 2 eine konstante Menge, die Überschussmenge wird abgesteuert und über eine Kraftstoffrücklaufleitung 12 zum Tank zurückgeführt.The monoblock pumps 1 convey into the rail 2 a constant amount, the excess amount is diverted and returned via a fuel return line 12 to the tank.

Der in einer elektronischen Steuereinheit 4 im Kennfeld hinterlegte Einspritzdruck wird durch die druckseitige Mengensteuerung über ein DRV 6 eingestellt. Der abgesteuerte Kraftstoff gelangt über die Kraftstoffrücklaufleitung 12 zurück in den Tank 7. Die Injektoren 3 sind entsprechend der Zahl der Motorzylinder über Hochdruckleitungen 11 mit dem Rail verbunden. Jeder Injektor 3 wird über eine Leitung 16 aus der ECU entsprechend dem Kennfeld bestromt. Über eine Leitung 17 ist die ECU mit einem Druckregelventil 6 verbunden, welches aus dem Rail 2 druckseitig diejenige Menge absteuert, die dem jeweils vorgebenen Raildruck entspricht. Eine weitere Leitung 18 verbindet die ECU 4 mit einem Drucksensor 5, welcher ebenfalls am Rail 2 angeschlossen ist.The stored in an electronic control unit 4 in the map injection pressure is set by the pressure-side flow control via a DRV 6. The diverted fuel passes through the fuel return line 12 back into the tank 7. The injectors 3 are connected according to the number of engine cylinders via high pressure lines 11 to the rail. Each injector 3 is energized via a line 16 from the ECU according to the map. Via a line 17, the ECU is connected to a pressure control valve 6, which discharges from the rail 2 on the pressure side that amount which corresponds to the respective given rail pressure. Another line 18 connects the ECU 4 with a pressure sensor 5, which is also connected to the rail 2.

Die Zuförderung des Kraftstoffs zu den Monoblockpumpen 1 erfolgt über eine Förderpumpe 8 aus dem Tank 7 über eine Kraftstoffzulaufleitung 13, in welche ein Kraftstofffilter 9 eingebaut ist. Als Kraftstoffpumpe 8 eignet sich eine elektrische Membranpumpe oder eine übliche Kolbenpumpe. Über die Förderpumpe 8 werden die Monoblockpumpen 1 versorgt, welche den Kraftstoff verdichten und über ein pumpenseitig eingebautes Rückschlagventil und eine Hochdruckleitung 10 dem Rail 2 zuführt.The delivery of the fuel to the monobloc pumps 1 via a feed pump 8 from the tank 7 via a fuel supply line 13, in which a fuel filter 9 is installed. As fuel pump 8, an electric diaphragm pump or a conventional piston pump is suitable. About the feed pump 8, the monobloc pumps 1 are supplied, which compress the fuel and over a pump-mounted check valve and a high-pressure line 10 to the rail 2 supplies.

Claims (2)

  1. Use of injectors (3) for an injection system for diesel fuel via a common rail (CR) (2) for operating diesel engines with an output < 37 kw, which get by with an injection pressure of up to approximately 800 bar, wherein for the CR-feed unregulated tappetoperated monoblock pumps (1) and as injectors (3) such for leakage-free direct injection are used, in which the nozzle needle is fastened to the armature of a magnet arrangement, as are available as directly injecting injectors for spark-ignition engines, and wherein the pressure in the rail (2) is reset on the pressure side by means of an electronic control unit (4) via a pressure control valve (6) and the electronic unit (4) is characteristic diagram-programmed and wherein the phases of the fuel injection are controlled by energising the injectors (3) via the electronic control unit (4).
  2. Use according to Claim 1,
    characterized in that
    the cubic capacity of the diesel engine is less than 500 ccm.
EP09776724.8A 2008-10-02 2009-06-13 Common rail diesel fuel injection system Active EP2329128B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200810050381 DE102008050381B4 (en) 2008-10-02 2008-10-02 Injection system for diesel fuel via a Common Rail (CR)
PCT/EP2009/004273 WO2010037433A1 (en) 2008-10-02 2009-06-13 Common rail (cr) diesel fuel injection system

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2329128A1 EP2329128A1 (en) 2011-06-08
EP2329128B1 true EP2329128B1 (en) 2014-08-06

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09776724.8A Active EP2329128B1 (en) 2008-10-02 2009-06-13 Common rail diesel fuel injection system

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EP (1) EP2329128B1 (en)
DE (1) DE102008050381B4 (en)
WO (1) WO2010037433A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013001035A2 (en) 2011-06-30 2013-01-03 Arens Gmbh Metallbau & Bauschlosserei Fuel distribution block
DE102011078466A1 (en) 2011-06-30 2013-01-03 Arens GmbH Metallbau- und Bauschlosserei engine system
DE112012002676A5 (en) 2011-06-30 2014-03-13 Arens GmbH Metallbau- und Bauschlosserei Fuel pump

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH434875A (en) * 1966-06-21 1967-04-30 Huber Robert Fuel injection valve with electromagnetic actuation
DE4302668A1 (en) * 1993-01-30 1994-08-04 Bosch Gmbh Robert Fuel injection device for internal combustion engines
DE19508445B4 (en) * 1995-03-09 2004-07-08 Deutz Ag Fuel injection device for a self-igniting internal combustion engine
DE19630337C2 (en) * 1996-07-26 1999-02-18 Hatz Motoren Fuel injection pump for injection in internal combustion engines, in particular single-cylinder diesel engines
DE19734196A1 (en) * 1997-08-07 1999-02-11 Hatz Motoren Control device and method for its production
US6439483B2 (en) * 2000-02-10 2002-08-27 Andrew E. Meyer Variable orifice electronically controlled common rail injector (VOECRRI)
ITBO20020498A1 (en) 2002-07-30 2004-01-30 Magneti Marelli Powertrain Spa COMMON RAIL FUEL INJECTION SYSTEM WITH VARIABLE FLOW PUMP
DE102004057245A1 (en) * 2004-11-26 2006-06-01 Robert Bosch Gmbh fuel Injector
JP4305459B2 (en) * 2006-02-27 2009-07-29 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Fuel supply device for internal combustion engine
DE102006023470A1 (en) * 2006-05-18 2007-11-22 Siemens Ag Common-rail-injection system for e.g. diesel engine, has return line for returning fuel from injector to high pressure fuel pump under return pressure, where pressure control valve adjusts return pressure

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102008050381A1 (en) 2010-04-08
DE102008050381B4 (en) 2014-09-25
EP2329128A1 (en) 2011-06-08
WO2010037433A1 (en) 2010-04-08

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