EP2314786A2 - Élément de construction et son procédé de fabrication - Google Patents
Élément de construction et son procédé de fabrication Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2314786A2 EP2314786A2 EP09179126A EP09179126A EP2314786A2 EP 2314786 A2 EP2314786 A2 EP 2314786A2 EP 09179126 A EP09179126 A EP 09179126A EP 09179126 A EP09179126 A EP 09179126A EP 2314786 A2 EP2314786 A2 EP 2314786A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- semi
- protuberances
- forms
- constructive
- installations
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
- E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
- E04B2/8647—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms with ties going through the forms
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
- E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
- E04B2002/8688—Scaffoldings or removable supports therefor
Definitions
- the invention can be included in the technical field of construction, specifically in the field of construction systems and elements.
- the object of the present invention relates to a constructive element which can be manufactured in a particularly fast and efficient manner, and also provides precision in its finishing.
- a first object of the present invention is constituted by the provision of a constructive element of the wall or partition type, which can be built with greater efficiency, speed and perfection in the finishing than those constructive elements described in the state of the art.
- a second object of the present invention is constituted by a method for building said constructive element.
- a constructive element which comprises a construction setting material arranged inside a permanent formwork, wherein said permanent formwork is adapted in its geometry to remain solidly attached to the construction material during the setting of said construction material.
- the permanent formwork is constituted by a pair of semi-forms, equipped with fastening protuberances and/or recesses to the construction material.
- the semi-forms are arranged facing each other, and the construction setting material is poured between said semi-forms.
- the protuberances and recesses define slots which comply with the favourable functions of:
- the protuberances and recesses can have extremely varied cross-sections, both of regular and irregular geometries, and can consequently be rectangular, circular, trapezoidal or of any other shape, leaving an inner space large enough to allow the insertion of the aforementioned anchoring fittings of coating elements, of the profile-type or of any other configuration.
- the anchoring fittings can be solidly joined to respective internal fittings with the assistance of pin bolts, screws or such like which, passing through a frontal aperture, are nailed to the corresponding internal fitting.
- the recesses and the protuberances are used to anchor external fittings with the aid of pin bolts or screws which pass through the longitudinal apertures and whose heads, of a larger diameter than said aperture, are housed inside.
- the recesses and the protuberances permit the application of intermediate spacers which keep the separation between the semi-forms of both faces constant, in accordance with the thickness planned for the wall or partition to be built. If you move away from what is described, the use of semi-forms according to the invention permits an improvement of the building of constructive elements, such as walls and partitions object of the invention, simplifying the construction operations and considerably reducing the time invested in such operations, while at the same time providing flat surfaces, duly prepared to receive and fasten the coating and finishing elements provided for to finish the building work.
- the semi-forms are materialized in metal plates, such as black plates, zinc-coated plates, galvanized plates, lacquered plates, plastic-coated plates, or any other of similar nature, of a thickness which is preferably between 0.50 and 0.75 mm, shaped as is usual in this state of the art, for example by folding or drawing.
- the protuberances and recesses are defined in the plate by means of the shaping method itself, whether it is folding, drawing or any of those known and usually used in the state of the art.
- Each metal plate is fitted with protuberances projecting from one side of the metal plate towards the construction setting material, and with slots defined in correspondence with said protuberances in the other side of said metal plate, said slots housing auxiliary installations.
- said semi-forms can incorporate stiffening projections which, similar to the protuberances and the recesses, can be shaped by drawing or folding, preferably, and which provide said semi-forms with greater rigidity and strength.
- the stiffening projections feature rectangular forms or substantially smaller dimensions to those of the protuberances and the recesses.
- the semi-forms are constituted by plates built from plastic (preferably polymeric) materials, reinforced or not, such as polyester fibre glass, PVC, etc.
- plastic preferably polymeric
- One of the semi-forms is fitted with protuberances projecting from one side of the plastic plate, and the other semi-form is fitted with slots housing said auxiliary installations.
- the recesses both inner and outer, can be created in the manufacturing process of the semi-form, through casting or any of the methods usually used in the state of the art.
- the protuberances can be materialized by bars, preferably wooden, fastened innerly to the semi-forms.
- the shape (trapezoidal or operationally equivalent) of the cross-section of the bars permits a fastening between the semi-form, the bar and the construction material wherefrom the wall or partition is manufactured.
- said plates can be hollow and be filled with a water-proof agglomerate.
- a second object of the invention is constituted by a method for producing wall or partition type constructive elements by using the aforementioned semi-forms.
- the method comprises three main stages, in addition to a preliminary production stage (which does not constitute an object of the present invention) of a construction project with its plans and details for the redesign. That defines the measurement of the formwork to be used and the design of the systems which must run through each one of the constructive elements.
- the semi-forms positioned on the floor are comfortably worked with so that the planned systems (electric, water, communications channelling, etc.) can be placed in the corresponding slots, subsequently securing them by casting a polyurethane foam filling or similar product.
- said systems are preferably vertical, even though it is possibly advisable to make a cut to place, depending on dimensions, the cable box, mechanism box, or some horizontal or oblique channelling of short length. That is based on the physical design of the semi-forms which, as is known, have the slots in the vertical direction. In the upper or lower part, as applicable, the appropriate instalments will be left for the subsequent connections which will run through a false ceiling or floating floor.
- the second phase is carried out, which consists of lifting the semi-forms with all of the systems and fittings built-in during the first phase, until positioning them vertically and using them traditionally as permanent formworks.
- the semi-forms are arranged in pairs to define both sides of the constructive elements, supporting them on foundation bases, securing them vertically with braces, or in whatever is considered advisable, and securing the distance between semi-forms with spacing elements, with the purpose of the idea that filling them with the filling material (concrete, lightweight mortar or plastic foams, for example) will maintain both the verticality and the distance between the semi-forms, which are decisive in the final finishing.
- the third phase comprises, in the first place, completing the electricity, water, communications or any other type of systems and, following this, placing the coating elements planned for the project, attaching them as specified in each case by means of nails, lag screws, screws/nuts, etc.
- the method of the invention stands out in that it reduces transportation costs, as one only needs to stock up on the semi-forms, finishing materials and system fittings; the construction material, such as mortar or such like, is supplied in cement mixers and is pumped, which means that when fillings based on lightweight mortars and polyurethane foams are used, the total loads are less than those of the traditional construction systems.
- the use of the semi-forms permits an accurate preparation of hollow spaces, windows and doors which are perfectly built, including anchors, and avoiding the use of frames in doors and windows.
- the semi-forms themselves provide not only the waterproofing of the façades but also noticeable improvements from the acoustic and thermal standpoints.
- radial systems are particularly interesting.
- This radial electrical installation system achieves an improvement in quality of installation, as well as a savings in labour force and, in general, in costs.
- a schematic view can be observed, viewed from an overhead perspective, of a permanent formwork (1) in accordance with the invention, made up of two semi-forms (11, 11') manufactured from folded or drawn metal plate, and which adopt a substantially flat configuration, wherefrom one of whose faces project multiple protuberances (5) and recesses (2), built into the body of the semi-form (11, 11'), extended in the longitudinal direction of said semi-form (11, 11'), equal and parallel to each other, and in successively equidistant positions.
- the protuberances (5) and the recesses (2) feature a profile whose cross-section can adopt different alternative forms.
- the protuberances (5) are projected from one side of the metal plate and slots (3) are defined in correspondence with said protuberances (5) in the other side of the plate.
- Figure 2 illustrates an embodiment wherein the semi-form (11, 11') additionally incorporates stiffening projections (32) defined between the protuberances (5), which provide greater rigidity and strength.
- Figure 4 schematically shows a wall or such like under construction, whose external faces are delimited by an array of semi-forms (11, 11') successively aligned by each one of the sides of the wall, and separated by a pre-set distance which is going to define the thickness of the wall or partition once it is filled with a construction material (20).
- the protuberances (5) and the recesses (2) constitute the means of maintaining said semi-forms (11, 11') in their position fitting in the material (20) once said material (20) has set.
- the slots (3) are left uncovered to fasten an outer coating (7).
- FIG 5 a schematic view can be observed wherein semi-forms (11, 11') appear positioned vertically on both sides of a wall or such like under construction with the use of mortar, concrete or other material (20), where the thickness of the wall is precisely determined by the separation between the semi-forms (11, 11'). Thanks to the configuration of the recesses (2) (see figure 1 ), a multiplicity of spacers (13), which will be described below in greater detail, can be coupled.
- Said coupling by means of spacers (13) immobilises a semi-form (11) from one side of the wall with respect to the semi-form (11') of the opposite side of the wall, thereby guaranteeing the maintenance of the uniformity of the thickness of the wall, and these spacers (13) being buried by the material (20) of the wall, thereby helping reinforce said wall after the setting of the material (20).
- the protuberances (5) and/or the recesses (2) feature a profile whose cross-section can adopt different alternative shapes, to form inner housings which are accessible through a longitudinal slot (3) of considerably smaller width than that of the housing space.
- a semi-form (12) is observed in figure 3a which is manufactured with plates of plastic materials provided with a water-proof agglomerate filling (33).
- the semi-form (12) is fitted with slots (3) housing auxiliary installations.
- a semi-form (12') is observed in figure 3b which is produced with plastic plates filled of water-proof agglomerate (33) which comprises protuberances consisting of bars (30) fastened on the inside of the semi-form (12').
- the protuberances (5) project from one side of the semi-form.
- the outer semi-form (11') is equipped with adapted fittings for the holding of coating elements (7), such as wooden bars (40), hooks, blind plugs, special screws, etc., whose operation is very easy as all of these elements can be strengthened on slots (3).
- coating elements (7) such as wooden bars (40), hooks, blind plugs, special screws, etc., whose operation is very easy as all of these elements can be strengthened on slots (3).
- wooden bars (40) have been decided upon which are perfectly fit into said slots (3) as their cross-section has been prepared so that they can slide inside said slots (3) without the possibility of them coming out when they have to work as support for the coating elements (7).
- Another possibility is to fasten the bars (40) to the semi-forms (11, 11') by means of lag screws (not represented).
- the semi-forms (11, 11') are lifted with all of the elements installed thereon which have been immobilised thanks to the foam filling (29) (see figure 1 ) placed for this purpose. Then, said semi-forms (11, 11') are placed precisely on the firm floor, or on the foundation (31) built for this purpose, fastening them with provisional support structures (14), guaranteeing the uniform separation of the semi-forms (11, 11') by means of spacers (13) which incorporate cladding (18), and the solidity of the array with threaded bars (16) and nuts (17). Taking advantage of the support structure (14), scaffolding boards (15) can be placed, as is normal in constructions.
- the construction material (20) which can be concrete, mortar or the type of mixture chosen for the project, is pumped, pouring it through a supply hose (19) in the space between both semi-forms (11, 11') which, as has been indicated, act as permanent formwork (1).
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2683299A CA2683299A1 (fr) | 2009-10-22 | 2009-10-22 | Element de construction et procede de fabrication |
| US12/612,308 US8181411B2 (en) | 2009-11-04 | 2009-11-04 | Construction component and method for producing a construction component |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2314786A2 true EP2314786A2 (fr) | 2011-04-27 |
| EP2314786A3 EP2314786A3 (fr) | 2011-08-03 |
| EP2314786B1 EP2314786B1 (fr) | 2012-07-11 |
Family
ID=43618662
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP20090179126 Not-in-force EP2314786B1 (fr) | 2009-10-22 | 2009-12-14 | Élément de construction |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2314786B1 (fr) |
| ES (1) | ES2390707T3 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107060322A (zh) * | 2017-04-15 | 2017-08-18 | 浙江兴远建设有限公司 | 混凝土浇筑用模架结构 |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2139197A1 (de) * | 1971-08-05 | 1973-02-22 | Konrad Schweiker | Bauelement mit einer verlorenen schalung |
| BE902661A (fr) * | 1985-06-14 | 1985-09-30 | Meester Leopold E J M J De | Coffrages perdus pour la construction de parois equipees. |
| EP0757137A1 (fr) * | 1995-08-01 | 1997-02-05 | Willibald Fischer | Coffrage |
-
2009
- 2009-12-14 EP EP20090179126 patent/EP2314786B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
- 2009-12-14 ES ES09179126T patent/ES2390707T3/es active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| None |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107060322A (zh) * | 2017-04-15 | 2017-08-18 | 浙江兴远建设有限公司 | 混凝土浇筑用模架结构 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2390707T3 (es) | 2012-11-15 |
| EP2314786B1 (fr) | 2012-07-11 |
| EP2314786A3 (fr) | 2011-08-03 |
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