EP2243891B1 - Wood concrete composite slab - Google Patents

Wood concrete composite slab Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2243891B1
EP2243891B1 EP09158394A EP09158394A EP2243891B1 EP 2243891 B1 EP2243891 B1 EP 2243891B1 EP 09158394 A EP09158394 A EP 09158394A EP 09158394 A EP09158394 A EP 09158394A EP 2243891 B1 EP2243891 B1 EP 2243891B1
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Prior art keywords
vertical
battens
horizontal
wood
batten
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EP09158394A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2243891B9 (en
EP2243891A1 (en
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Rodolphe Weibel
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Individual
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Priority to AT09158394T priority Critical patent/ATE539205T1/en
Priority to EP09158394A priority patent/EP2243891B9/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
    • E04B5/12—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units with wooden beams
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a composite concrete slab having a lower part of wood and a concrete upper part.
  • the document FR 2710928 A1 discloses a composite wood slab according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the present invention aims to provide a mixed concrete wood slab that does not have the disadvantages of known mixed concrete slabs concrete.
  • the invention also aims to involve the wood in the resistance of the slab. It is also intended to simplify the making and transport of the elements constituting the slab using modular elements, including bastaings.
  • the slab according to the present invention has the particular advantage of a simple and modular manufacturing system, requiring only a limited number of standard parts that can be prefabricated in the factory and are easily transportable.
  • bastaing is a piece of wood of rectangular section.
  • this bastaing will have a length of between 2 and 5 m, with a section having a width / height ratio of between 0.3 and 0.5.
  • This bastaing, after machining, is the main constituent of the lower part of the slab. In the following description, this bastaing has a length of 3 m and an outer section of 40 mm x 100 mm.
  • the lower wooden part of the slab according to the invention comprises a succession of such machined bastaings, arranged alternately vertically (hereinafter vertical bastaing) and horizontally (hereinafter horizontal bastaing).
  • FIG. Fig. 1 An example of slab according to the invention is shown in FIG. Fig. 1 .
  • This figure more particularly illustrates the lower part made of wood constituted by a succession of vertical basta 1 and horizontal 2, the concrete 9 being only partially represented at one end of the slab.
  • each vertical bastaing 1 comprises along the entire length of one of its lateral faces 11 a longitudinal milling 12 of 4 mm deep over a height of 40 mm. It further comprises, always at its lower part, longitudinal grooves 13 and 14 along the entire length of each of its two lateral faces, these grooves having a depth of 4 mm for an opening of 8 mm, the lower edge of each of said grooves being located 12 mm from the lower edge of the corresponding lateral face.
  • Each of the vertical bastaings 1 further comprises on the unmilled upper portion of its side face 11 recesses 15 of 4 mm in depth and 120 mm in width made at 120 mm intervals, so as to form redents 16 on the face 11 of the element 1 intended for the transmission of shear force between concrete and wood.
  • horizontal bastaing 2 comprises, along the entire length of each of its lateral faces 22 and 23, longitudinal grooves 24 and 25, these grooves having a depth of 4 mm for an opening of 8 mm, the lower edge of each of said grooves being located at 12 mm from the lower edge of the corresponding lateral face.
  • Each of the horizontal battens 2 further comprises on its upper face 26 recesses 27 4 mm deep and 120 mm wide made at 120 mm intervals, arranged to be arranged opposite the recesses 15 of the vertical elements, so as to also form redents 28 on the upper face 26 horizontal basta 2.
  • the horizontal bastaing 2 will then be secured to another vertical bastaing 1 by means of a rod 3 placed in the corresponding grooves 25 of the horizontal bastaing 2 and 14 of the vertical bastaing 1 following, and so on, ending with a bastaing vertical.
  • a detail of a section across a slab represented at Fig. 6 allows to see the thickness H of the slab comprising the thickness of the horizontal bastaings 2 and the thickness of the concrete filling the spaces 30 between two vertical bastaings 1 and extending over a height h above said vertical bastaings 1. also see how a horizontal bastaing 2 is assembled with each of its neighboring vertical basta 1 by means of rods 3 inserted respectively in its grooves 24 and 25.
  • the vertical basta 1 and horizontal 2 described above can advantageously be made by machining a standard rough bastaing 3 m long and 40 x 100 mm section. This machining is performed by a longitudinal passage of the raw bastaing in a four-sided moulder that mills the raw bastaing over its entire length to give it the final contour of its base section, namely longitudinal milling 12 and longitudinal grooves 13 and 14 for the vertical bastaings 1 and longitudinal grooves 24 and 25 for the horizontal bastaings 2.
  • the tines 16 and 28 are then formed by transverse milling of the recesses 15 and 27 with the aid of a suitable tool, preferably arranged to allow a continuous transverse passage. bastaing without raising the cutting tool.
  • any other machining method for obtaining the same result can be envisaged.
  • the formation of the redents 16 and 28 by milling the recesses 15 and 27 is performed only on one side of the bastaings, he these are vertical or horizontal bastaings. But of course, according to an alternative embodiment, not shown in the drawings, redents could also be formed on the other side vertical vertical bastaings.
  • vertical bastaings and horizontal bastaings are placed on pallets and packaged for transport to the site.
  • bastaings of limited length for example 3 meters as described above, does not prevent the construction of slabs of higher spans, for example slabs of 10 meters range.
  • Fig. 7 to offset in plan the vertical and horizontal bastaings, to arrange them in staggered.
  • the redents ensure the non-slip of the concrete on the wood (shear strength), but they also ensure, thanks to the blocking action of the concrete, the passage of the tensile force of a bastaing to its neighbour.
  • the tensile strength of a pair of adjacent bastaings is that of two bastaings.
  • the tensile strength of a pair of adjacent bastaings is that of a bastaing.
  • bastaings in this case 3 m in the example described here, allows better packaging for transport.
  • On a pallet 80 cm wide a pack of two hundred bastaings is placed, one hundred vertical and one hundred horizontal bastaings, for a total weight of 940 kg. These two hundred bastaings allow the construction of 40,8 m 2 of formwork.
  • the figure 8 shows how the tensile force is distributed in vertical V and horizontal bastaings H.
  • the actions that solicit this floor are exclusively vertical, directed from top to bottom:
  • Gamma F admitted for all actions: 1.40 Sizing value: 1.40 x 11.19 15.70 kN / m 2
  • the quality of the wood is C35, whose dimensioning values are: Flexion f m, d : 23.00 N / mm 2 Compression // fibers f c, O, d : 17.00 N / mm 2 Traction // fibers f t, O, d : 14.00 N / mm 2 Tangential stress f v, d : 1.80 N / mm 2
  • the quality of the concrete is C25 / 30, whose sizing values are: Compression fc , d : 16.50 N / mm 2 Shear tau c, d : 1.00 N / mm 2
  • the traction is taken up exclusively by the wood, exerted at the center of gravity of the wood
  • Modulus of elasticity that of the wood E 0, mean 13.00 kN / mm 2 Phi creep coefficient (moist wood under cover): 1.00 Inertia: Corresponding to the height of the floor: 0.3 m

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The slab has a wooden lower part including vertical and horizontal battens (1, 2) alternately arranged vertically and horizontally and integrated to each other. The horizontal batten has stops at an upper part. The vertical batten has stops arranged on one of vertical faces. A lower surface of the assembled battens forms a flat surface so as to constitute a ceiling. An upper part made of concrete (9) fills spaces (30) between the vertical battens and extends over height (h) above upper horizontal faces of the vertical battens.

Description

Domaine techniqueTechnical area

La présente invention a pour objet une dalle mixte bois béton comportant une partie inférieure en bois et une partie supérieure en béton.The present invention relates to a composite concrete slab having a lower part of wood and a concrete upper part.

Etat de la techniqueState of the art

Depuis longtemps on a cherché à réaliser des dalles en béton supportées par des poutres en bois, faisant travailler les deux matériaux ensemble. Par exemple dans le document CH 658281 , il est décrit un tel ouvrage constitué d'un ensemble de poutres en bois supportant une dalle en béton. Dans les espaces entre les poutres sont disposées des planchettes servant de coffrage, mais ne participant pas à la résistance de l'ouvrage. Seules les poutres participent à la résistance en présentant des creusures pour transmettre l'effort tranchant. Ce genre d'ouvrage est relativement long à mettre en place et ne profite pas de toutes les possibilités du bois, les planchettes ne participant pas à la résistance de l'ouvrage, ne servant que de coffrage.For a long time we have been trying to make concrete slabs supported by wooden beams, making the two materials work together. For example in the document CH 658281 it is described such a work consisting of a set of wooden beams supporting a concrete slab. In the spaces between the beams are arranged boards forming formwork, but not participating in the strength of the structure. Only the beams participate in the resistance by presenting recesses to transmit the shear force. This type of work is relatively long to implement and does not take advantage of all the possibilities of wood, boards not participating in the strength of the work, serving only formwork.

Dans le document WO 2006/097962 , Il est décrit un procédé pour fabriquer des dalles en bois béton. Dans ce procédé on dispose un plancher en bois recouvrant l'espace sur lequel on veut réaliser une dalle. Ce plancher est fait de planches relativement épaisses rainées et crêtées, sur lequel on dispose des blocs en matériaux légers, par exemple en polystyrène expansé, de manière à définir des espaces dans lesquels sera coulé du béton. Mais avant de couler le béton, il est nécessaire d'enduire de colle le plancher aux endroits en contact avec le béton pour que le bois et le béton travaillent ensemble. Ce procédé est compliqué et demande beaucoup de soin pour l'utilisation de la colle.In the document WO 2006/097962 There is described a method for making concrete slabs. In this process we have a wooden floor covering the space on which we want to make a slab. This floor is made of relatively thick boards grooved and crested, on which we have blocks of light materials, for example expanded polystyrene, so as to define spaces in which concrete will be poured. But before pouring the concrete, it is necessary to glue the floor to the places in contact with the concrete so that the wood and the concrete work together. This process is complicated and requires a lot of care for the use of the glue.

Le document FR 2710928 A1 décrit une dalle mixte bois béton selon le préambule de la revendication 1.The document FR 2710928 A1 discloses a composite wood slab according to the preamble of claim 1.

Divulgation de l'inventionDisclosure of the invention

La présente invention a pour but de fournir une dalle mixte bois béton qui ne présente pas les inconvénients des dalles mixtes bois béton connues. L'invention a aussi pour but de faire participer le bois à la résistance de la dalle. Elle a encore pour but de permettre de simplifier la confection et le transport des éléments constituant la dalle en utilisant des éléments modulaires, notamment des bastaings.The present invention aims to provide a mixed concrete wood slab that does not have the disadvantages of known mixed concrete slabs concrete. The invention also aims to involve the wood in the resistance of the slab. It is also intended to simplify the making and transport of the elements constituting the slab using modular elements, including bastaings.

Ces buts sont atteints avec la dalle mixte bois béton selon l'invention définie dans les revendications.These aims are achieved with the mixed wood concrete slab according to the invention defined in the claims.

La dalle selon la présente invention présente notamment l'avantage d'un système de fabrication simple et modulaire, ne nécessitant qu'un nombre restreint de pièces standards pouvant être préfabriquées en usine et qui sont facilement transportables.The slab according to the present invention has the particular advantage of a simple and modular manufacturing system, requiring only a limited number of standard parts that can be prefabricated in the factory and are easily transportable.

Brève description des dessinsBrief description of the drawings

L'invention sera mieux comprise et ses caractéristiques et ses avantages apparaîtront plus clairement à la lecture de la description qui suit de formes d'exécution, données uniquement à titre d'exemple, en regard des dessins sur lesquels:

  • la fig. 1 est une vue en perspective d'une portion de dalle mixte bois béton selon une forme d'exécution de l'invention,
  • la fig. 2 est une coupe transversale d'un bastaing vertical constitutif de la partie inférieure en bois de la dalle de la fig. 1,
  • la fig. 3 est un coupe transversale d'un bastaing horizontal constitutif de la partie inférieure en bois de la dalle de la fig.1,
  • la fig. 4 est une vue en perspective d'un élément vertical de la fig. 2 et d'un élément horizontal de la fig. 3 avant assemblage,
  • la fig. 5 est une vue en perspective des éléments vertical et horizontal de la fig. 4 une fois assemblés,
  • la fig. 6 est un détail d'une coupe verticale transversale de la dalle de la fig. 1,
  • la fig. 7 est une vue schématique en plan d'une dalle ayant une portée supérieure à la longueur d'un bastaing, avec un diagramme des moments correspondant, et
  • la fig. 8 représente des diagrammes montrant comment les efforts de traction se répartissent dans les bastaings verticaux et horizontaux de la dalle représentée à la fig. 7.
The invention will be better understood and its characteristics and its advantages will appear more clearly on reading the following description of embodiments, given solely by way of example, with reference to the drawings, in which:
  • the Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a portion of mixed wood concrete slab according to one embodiment of the invention,
  • the Fig. 2 is a cross section of a vertical bastaing constituent of the lower wooden part of the slab of the Fig. 1 ,
  • the Fig. 3 is a cross section of a horizontal bastaing constituting the lower wooden part of the slab of the fig.1 ,
  • the Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a vertical element of the Fig. 2 and a horizontal element of the Fig. 3 before assembly,
  • the Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the vertical and horizontal elements of the Fig. 4 once assembled,
  • the Fig. 6 is a detail of a vertical cross section of the slab of the Fig. 1 ,
  • the Fig. 7 is a schematic plan view of a slab having a span greater than the length of a bastaing, with a corresponding timing diagram, and
  • the Fig. 8 represents diagrams showing how the tensile forces are distributed in the vertical and horizontal bastaings of the slab represented in FIG. Fig. 7 .

Description détaillée de modes d'exécution de l'inventionDetailed description of embodiments of the invention

Dans le cadre de la présente demande, on appelle bastaing une pièce de bois de section rectangulaire. De préférence, ce bastaing aura une longueur comprise entre 2 et 5 m, avec une section ayant un rapport largeur/hauteur compris entre 0.3 et 0.5. Ce bastaing, après usinage, est l'élément constitutif principal de la partie inférieure de la dalle. Dans la description qui suit, ce bastaing a une longueur de 3 m et une section extérieure de 40 mm x 100 mm.In the context of the present application, bastaing is a piece of wood of rectangular section. Preferably, this bastaing will have a length of between 2 and 5 m, with a section having a width / height ratio of between 0.3 and 0.5. This bastaing, after machining, is the main constituent of the lower part of the slab. In the following description, this bastaing has a length of 3 m and an outer section of 40 mm x 100 mm.

La partie inférieure en bois de la dalle selon l'invention comprend une succession de tels bastaings usinés, disposés alternativement verticalement (ci-après bastaing vertical) et horizontalement (ci-après bastaing horizontal).The lower wooden part of the slab according to the invention comprises a succession of such machined bastaings, arranged alternately vertically (hereinafter vertical bastaing) and horizontally (hereinafter horizontal bastaing).

Un exemple de dalle selon l'invention est représenté à la fig. 1. Cette figure illustre plus particulièrement la partie inférieure en bois constituée par une succession de bastaings verticaux 1 et horizontaux 2, le béton 9 n'étant que partiellement représenté à une extrémité de la dalle.An example of slab according to the invention is shown in FIG. Fig. 1 . This figure more particularly illustrates the lower part made of wood constituted by a succession of vertical basta 1 and horizontal 2, the concrete 9 being only partially represented at one end of the slab.

Tel que représenté à la fig. 2, chaque bastaing vertical 1 comporte sur toute la longueur de l'une de ses faces latérales 11 un fraisage longitudinal 12 de 4 mm de profondeur sur une hauteur de 40 mm. Il comporte en outre, toujours à sa partie inférieure, des rainures longitudinales 13 et 14 sur toute la longueur de chacune de ses deux faces latérales, ces rainures ayant une profondeur de 4 mm pour une ouverture de 8 mm, le bord inférieur de chacune desdites rainures étant situé à 12 mm du bord inférieur de la face latérale correspondante. Chacun des bastaings verticaux 1 comporte en outre sur la partie supérieure non fraisée de sa face latérale 11 des creusures 15 de 4 mm de profondeur et de 120 mm de largeur réalisées à intervalles de 120 mm, de manière à former des redents 16 sur la face 11 de l'élément 1 destinés à la transmission de l'effort tranchant entre le béton et le bois.As shown in Fig. 2 , each vertical bastaing 1 comprises along the entire length of one of its lateral faces 11 a longitudinal milling 12 of 4 mm deep over a height of 40 mm. It further comprises, always at its lower part, longitudinal grooves 13 and 14 along the entire length of each of its two lateral faces, these grooves having a depth of 4 mm for an opening of 8 mm, the lower edge of each of said grooves being located 12 mm from the lower edge of the corresponding lateral face. Each of the vertical bastaings 1 further comprises on the unmilled upper portion of its side face 11 recesses 15 of 4 mm in depth and 120 mm in width made at 120 mm intervals, so as to form redents 16 on the face 11 of the element 1 intended for the transmission of shear force between concrete and wood.

Tel que représenté à la fig. 3, le bastaing horizontal 2 comporte sur toute la longueur de chacune de ses faces latérales 22 et 23 des rainures longitudinales 24 et 25, ces rainures ayant une profondeur de 4 mm pour une ouverture de 8 mm, le bord inférieur de chacune desdites rainures étant situé à 12 mm du bord inférieur de la face latérale correspondante. Chacun des bastaings horizontaux 2 comporte en outre sur sa face supérieure 26 des creusures 27 de 4 mm de profondeur et de 120 mm de largeur réalisées à intervalles de 120 mm, agencées pour être disposées en regard des creusures 15 des éléments verticaux, de manière à former également des redents 28 sur la face supérieure 26 des bastaings horizontaux 2.As shown in Fig. 3 horizontal bastaing 2 comprises, along the entire length of each of its lateral faces 22 and 23, longitudinal grooves 24 and 25, these grooves having a depth of 4 mm for an opening of 8 mm, the lower edge of each of said grooves being located at 12 mm from the lower edge of the corresponding lateral face. Each of the horizontal battens 2 further comprises on its upper face 26 recesses 27 4 mm deep and 120 mm wide made at 120 mm intervals, arranged to be arranged opposite the recesses 15 of the vertical elements, so as to also form redents 28 on the upper face 26 horizontal basta 2.

On a représenté sur les figs 4 et 5 l'assemblage d'un bastaing horizontal 2 avec un bastaing vertical 1, lesdits bastaings 1 et 2 étant représentés avant assemblage à la figure 4 et une fois assemblés à la fig. 5. Les bastaings 1 et 2 sont solidarisés par des baguettes 3 insérées dans les rainures longitudinales correspondantes 13 et 24 des bastaings vertical 1 et horizontal 2. Dans la forme d'exécution décrite ici, ces baguettes 3 (voir figure 6) ont une section 8 mm x 8 mm. Le bastaing horizontal 2 sera ensuite rendu solidaire d'un autre bastaing vertical 1 au moyen d'une baguette 3 placée dans les rainures correspondantes 25 du bastaing horizontal 2 et 14 du bastaing vertical 1 suivant, et ainsi de suite, en finissant par un bastaing vertical.We have shown on figs 4 and 5 the assembly of a horizontal bastaing 2 with a vertical bastaing 1, said bastaings 1 and 2 being represented before assembly to the figure 4 and once assembled at the Fig. 5 . The bastaings 1 and 2 are secured by rods 3 inserted into the corresponding longitudinal grooves 13 and 24 vertical basta 1 and horizontal bastaings 2. In the embodiment described here, these rods 3 (see figure 6 ) have a section 8 mm x 8 mm. The horizontal bastaing 2 will then be secured to another vertical bastaing 1 by means of a rod 3 placed in the corresponding grooves 25 of the horizontal bastaing 2 and 14 of the vertical bastaing 1 following, and so on, ending with a bastaing vertical.

Un détail d'une coupe en travers d'une dalle représenté à la fig. 6 permet de voir l'épaisseur H de la dalle comprenant l'épaisseur des bastaings horizontaux 2 et l'épaisseur du béton remplissant les espaces 30 entre deux bastaings verticaux 1 et s'étendant sur une hauteur h au-dessus desdits bastaings verticaux 1. On voit aussi comment un bastaing horizontal 2 est assemblé avec chacun de ses bastaings verticaux voisins 1 au moyen de baguettes 3 insérées respectivement dans ses rainures 24 et 25.A detail of a section across a slab represented at Fig. 6 allows to see the thickness H of the slab comprising the thickness of the horizontal bastaings 2 and the thickness of the concrete filling the spaces 30 between two vertical bastaings 1 and extending over a height h above said vertical bastaings 1. also see how a horizontal bastaing 2 is assembled with each of its neighboring vertical basta 1 by means of rods 3 inserted respectively in its grooves 24 and 25.

Les bastaings verticaux 1 et horizontaux 2 décrits ci-dessus peuvent avantageusement être réalisés par usinage d'un bastaing brut standard de 3 m de long et de 40 x 100 mm de section. Cet usinage est réalisé par un passage longitudinal du bastaing brut dans une moulurière quatre faces qui fraise le bastaing brut sur toute sa longueur pour lui donner le contour définitif de sa section de base, à savoir fraisage longitudinal 12 et rainures longitudinales 13 et 14 pour les bastaings verticaux 1 et rainures longitudinales 24 et 25 pour les bastaings horizontaux 2. Les redents 16 et 28 sont ensuite formés par fraisage transversal des creusures 15 et 27 à l'aide d'un outillage adéquat, de préférence agencé pour permettre un passage transversal continu du bastaing sans relèvement de l'outil de coupe. Bien entendu, tout autre procédé d'usinage permettant d'obtenir le même résultat peut être envisagé. Afin de simplifier les opérations d'usinage et de manutention, comme on l'a décrit plus haut, la formation des redents 16 et 28 par fraisage des creusures 15 et 27 n'est effectuée que sur une seule face des bastaings, qu'il s'agisse des bastaings verticaux ou horizontaux. Mais bien entendu, selon une variante d'exécution, non représentée sur les dessins, des redents pourraient également être formés sur l'autre face verticale des bastaings verticaux. Une fois usinés, les bastaings verticaux et les bastaings horizontaux sont disposés sur des palettes et emballés pour être transportés sur le chantier.The vertical basta 1 and horizontal 2 described above can advantageously be made by machining a standard rough bastaing 3 m long and 40 x 100 mm section. This machining is performed by a longitudinal passage of the raw bastaing in a four-sided moulder that mills the raw bastaing over its entire length to give it the final contour of its base section, namely longitudinal milling 12 and longitudinal grooves 13 and 14 for the vertical bastaings 1 and longitudinal grooves 24 and 25 for the horizontal bastaings 2. The tines 16 and 28 are then formed by transverse milling of the recesses 15 and 27 with the aid of a suitable tool, preferably arranged to allow a continuous transverse passage. bastaing without raising the cutting tool. Of course, any other machining method for obtaining the same result can be envisaged. In order to simplify the operations of machining and handling, as described above, the formation of the redents 16 and 28 by milling the recesses 15 and 27 is performed only on one side of the bastaings, he these are vertical or horizontal bastaings. But of course, according to an alternative embodiment, not shown in the drawings, redents could also be formed on the other side vertical vertical bastaings. Once machined, vertical bastaings and horizontal bastaings are placed on pallets and packaged for transport to the site.

Le recours à des bastaings de longueur limitée, par exemple 3 mètres comme décrit ci-dessus, n'empêche pas la construction de dalle de portées supérieures, par exemple de dalles de 10 mètres de portée. Il suffit à cet effet, comme illustré à la fig. 7, de décaler en plan les bastaings verticaux et horizontaux, de les disposer en quinconce. A l'instar de ce qui se fait dans le cas des armatures en acier, où un recouvrement d'une longueur d'ancrage permet de passer l'effort d'une barreà sa voisine, l'effort est ici transmis du bastaing vertical au bastaing horizontal, et vice-versa, sur une demi longueur de bastaing, une ligne de bastaings verticaux et la ligne de bastaings horizontaux adjacents formant une unité structurelle dont la résistance à la traction est celle d'une seule ligne, l'effort de traction passant d'une ligne à l'autre par l'effet de blocage du béton qui les lie. Autrement dit, la défaillance de résistance à la traction que présente chaque joint d'extrémité de bastaing de longeur limitée est "pontée" par le bastaing voisin, continu à cet endroit-là. Un tel agencement permet d'assurer la continuité de la résistance en traction sur une grande longueur (pour des dalle de grande portée) en utilisant des bastaings de longueur limitée.The use of bastaings of limited length, for example 3 meters as described above, does not prevent the construction of slabs of higher spans, for example slabs of 10 meters range. For this purpose, as illustrated in Fig. 7 , to offset in plan the vertical and horizontal bastaings, to arrange them in staggered. Like steel reinforcement, where an overlap of an anchor length makes it possible to pass the force of a bar to its neighbor, the force is here transmitted from vertical bastaing to horizontal bastaing, and vice versa, over a half length of bastaing, a line of vertical bastaings and the line of adjacent horizontal battlements forming a structural unit whose tensile strength is that of a single line, the tensile force passing from one line to another by the blocking effect of the concrete that binds them. In other words, the tensile strength failure of each limited-length bastaing end joint is "bridged" by the adjacent bastaing, which is continuous there. Such an arrangement makes it possible to ensure the continuity of the tensile strength over a great length (for slabs of great range) by using bastaings of limited length.

En résumé, les redents assurent le non-glissement du béton sur le bois (résistance au cisaillement), mais ils assurent aussi, grâce à l'action de blocage du béton, le passage de l'effort de traction d'un bastaing à son voisin. Pour des dalles ayant une portée égale à celle d'un bastaing, la résistance en traction d'une paire de bastaings adjacents est celle de deux bastaings. Dans le cas d'une dalle ayant une portée supérieure à celle d'un bastaing, la résistance en traction d'une paire de bastaings adjacents est celle d'un bastaing.In summary, the redents ensure the non-slip of the concrete on the wood (shear strength), but they also ensure, thanks to the blocking action of the concrete, the passage of the tensile force of a bastaing to its neighbour. For slabs having a range equal to that of a bastaing, the tensile strength of a pair of adjacent bastaings is that of two bastaings. In the case of a slab having a range greater than that of a bastaing, the tensile strength of a pair of adjacent bastaings is that of a bastaing.

Le fait d'utiliser des bastaings de longueur unique, en l'occurrence 3 m dans l'exemple décrit ici, permet un meilleur conditionnement pour le transport. Sur une palette de 80 cm de largeur on place un paquet de deux cents bastaings, soit cent bastaings verticaux et cent bastaings horizontaux, pour un poids total de 940 kg. Ces deux cents bastaings permettent la construction de 40,8 m2 de coffrage.Using single-length bastaings, in this case 3 m in the example described here, allows better packaging for transport. On a pallet 80 cm wide a pack of two hundred bastaings is placed, one hundred vertical and one hundred horizontal bastaings, for a total weight of 940 kg. These two hundred bastaings allow the construction of 40,8 m 2 of formwork.

Bien que par nature, une dalle bois mixte béton ne porte en principe que dans une seule direction, une armature d'acier complémentaire peut toutefois dans une certaine mesure pallier cet inconvénient.Although, by nature, a composite concrete slab is only in one direction, a complementary steel reinforcement can, to a certain extent, overcome this disadvantage.

Dans le cas de la réalisation d'une dalle mixte bois béton ayant une portée supérieure à la longueur d'un bastaing, par exemple pour une dalle de l'ordre de 7 m de portée, telle que celle représentés schématiquement à la figure 7, on procédera de la manière suivante.

  1. 1. Mise en place de filières d'étayage, à 1,50 m d'écartement.
  2. 2. Mise en place depuis un bord d'une première ligne de bastaings verticaux. Le premier bastaing de cette ligne est entier, d'une longueur Lv. de 3 m. A l'autre extrémité, le dernier bastaing est raccourci (1/3 de Lv) pour s'adapter à la dimension de l'ouvrage. La chute est réutilisable.
  3. 3. Mise en place de la deuxième ligne de bastaings horizontaux. Le premier bastaing a une longueur LH de 1,5 m seulement, de telle sorte que les joints de la première ligne soient toujours bordés par un bastaing continu de 3 m. Cette disposition en quinconce des bastaings assure la continuité de l'effort de traction qui "serpente" en quelque sorte d'un bastaing à son voisin.
  4. 4. Poursuite de la pose des bastaings selon ce schéma.
  5. 5. Construction des coffrages de bords.
  6. 6. Construction des coffrages de réservation. Découpe du coffrage.
  7. 7. Pose des conduites noyées.
  8. 8. Pose éventuelle d'une armature complémentaire.
  9. 9. Bétonnage au béton ordinaire.
  10. 10.Après quelques jours, démontage de deux sur trois filières d'étayage.
  11. 11. après quelques semaines, démontage complet de l'étayage.
In the case of the realization of a mixed wood concrete slab having a range greater than the length of a bastaing, for example for a slab of the order of 7 m span, such as that shown schematically in the figure 7 we will proceed as follows.
  1. 1. Installation of bracing dies, 1.50 m apart.
  2. 2. Set up from an edge of a first line of vertical bastaings. The first bastaing of this line is whole, of length L v . of 3 m. At the other end, the last bastaing is shortened (1/3 of L v ) to fit the size of the structure. The fall is reusable.
  3. 3. Establishment of the second line of horizontal bastaings. The first bastaing has a length L H of only 1.5 m, so that the joints of the first line are always bordered by a continuous bastaing of 3 m. This staggered arrangement of bastaings ensures the continuity of the traction force that "winds" in a way of a bastaing to his neighbor.
  4. 4. Continuation of bastaings according to this scheme.
  5. 5. Construction of edge forms.
  6. 6. Construction of reservation forms. Cutting of the formwork.
  7. 7. Installation of flooded pipes.
  8. 8. Possible installation of a complementary reinforcement.
  9. 9. Concreting with ordinary concrete.
  10. 10.After a few days, disassembly of two of three shoring dies.
  11. 11. after a few weeks, complete dismantling of the shoring.

La figure 8 montre comment l'effort de traction se répartit dans les bastaings verticaux V et horizontaux H.The figure 8 shows how the tensile force is distributed in vertical V and horizontal bastaings H.

On donne ci-après une exemple de calcul d'une dalle mixte bois béton. Cet exemple porte sur un plancher de maison d'habitation. Le calcul est basé sur les normes de la SIA (Société suisse des ingénieurs et des architectes).An example of calculation of a mixed concrete slab is given below. This example deals with a dwelling house floor. The calculation is based on the standards of the SIA (Swiss Society of Engineers and Architects).

Données de l'exemple:Data from the example:

Les caractéristiques géométriques sont les suivantes : Portée de la dalle: 6.65 m Epaisseur totale du plancher: 0.30 m Sections des pièces de bois, selon plans. The geometric characteristics are as follows: Scope of the slab: 6.65 m Total thickness of the floor: 0.30 m Sections of the pieces of wood, according to plans.

Les actions qui sollicitent ce plancher sont exclusivement verticales, dirigées de haut vers le bas : Le poids propre du bois : 0.0529 x 5.00 = 0.26 kN/m2 Le poids du béton : (0.30-0.0529) x 24 = 5.93 kN/m2 La charge utile, valeur caractéristique 2.00 kN/m2 Une charge permanente, valeur caractéristique 3.00 kN/m2 Total des actions : 11.19 kN/m2 GammaF admis pour l'ensemble des actions : 1.40 Valeur de dimensionnement : 1.40 x 11.19 = 15.70 kN/m2 The actions that solicit this floor are exclusively vertical, directed from top to bottom: The weight of the wood: 0.0529 x 5.00 = 0.26 kN / m 2 The weight of the concrete: (0.30-0.0529) x 24 = 5.93 kN / m 2 The payload, characteristic value 2.00 kN / m 2 Permanent load, characteristic value 3.00 kN / m 2 Total actions: 11.19 kN / m 2 Gamma F admitted for all actions: 1.40 Sizing value: 1.40 x 11.19 = 15.70 kN / m 2

La qualité du bois est C35, dont les valeurs de dimensionnement sont : Flexion fm,d : 23.00 N/mm2 Compression // fibres fc, O,d : 17.00 N/mm2 Traction // fibres ft,O,d : 14.00 N/mm2 Contrainte tangentielle fv,d : 1.80 N/mm2 The quality of the wood is C35, whose dimensioning values are: Flexion f m, d : 23.00 N / mm 2 Compression // fibers f c, O, d : 17.00 N / mm 2 Traction // fibers f t, O, d : 14.00 N / mm 2 Tangential stress f v, d : 1.80 N / mm 2

La qualité du béton est C25/30, dont les valeurs de dimensionnement sont : Compression fc,d: 16.50 N/mm2 Cisaillement tauc,d : 1.00 N/mm2 The quality of the concrete is C25 / 30, whose sizing values are: Compression fc , d : 16.50 N / mm 2 Shear tau c, d : 1.00 N / mm 2

Calcul de la dalle :Calculation of the slab: 1. Section de bois - géométrie résistante1. Wood section - resistant geometry

La section résistante déterminante du bois: Abois : 100 x 36 = 3'600 mm2 Hauteur du centre de gravité de la pièce verticale hcdg,vert: 50 mm Hauteur du centre de gravité de la pièce horizontale hcdg,hor: 18 mm Résistance à la traction de cette pièce : Zd = ft,O,d x Abois : 14.00 X 3'600 = 50'400 N Largeur de plancher qui correspond à cette résistance : b = largueur 1 pièce verticale + largeur 1 pièce horizontale: 100 + 36 = 136 mm The decisive resistant section of the wood: Abois: 100 x 36 = 3'600 mm 2 Height of the center of gravity of the vertical piece h cdg, green : 50 mm Height of the center of gravity of the horizontal part h cdg, hor : 18 mm Tensile strength of this piece: Z d = f t, O, d x A wood : 14.00 X 3'600 = 50'400 N Floor width that corresponds to this resistance: b = width 1 vertical part + width 1 horizontal part : 100 + 36 = 136 mm

2. Résistance en flexion2. Flexural strength Modèle du béton arméModel of reinforced concrete

La résistance en flexion du bois - armature négligéeBending strength of wood - neglected reinforcement

La traction est reprise exclusivement par le bois, s'exerce au Centre de gravité du boisThe traction is taken up exclusively by the wood, exerted at the center of gravity of the wood

La compression est reprise par le béton, la résultante des compressions s'exerce tout près de la fibre supérieure du plancher. On admet qu'elle s'exerce à 0.95 x l'épaisseur du plancherThe compression is taken up by the concrete, the result of the compressions is exerted near the upper fiber of the floor. It is admitted that it is exercised at 0.95 x the thickness of the floor

Le béton ne résiste pas à la traction ; il est fissuré.Concrete does not resist traction; he is cracked.

SollicitationSolicitation

M S,d :M S, d : 15.70 x 6.652 / 8 = 86.8015.70 x 6.65 2/8 = 86.80 kNm/mkNm / m

RésistanceResistance

C'est là où la pièce horizontale est interrompue que se situe la résultante critique du plancher : à cet endroit, c'est la pièce verticale de bois qui est sollicitée : elle a la même section, mais le bras de levier résistant est plus faible, parce que le centre de gravité de la pièce de bois est plus élevé. Bras de levier interne r : 0.95 x 300 - 50 = 235 mm M R,d / pièce de bois : 50'400 x 235 = 11'800'000 Nmm M R,d/m : 11'800'000 / 0.136 = 86'700'000 Nmm/m M R,d/m : = 86.70 kN/m This is where the horizontal piece is interrupted that is the critical result of the floor: at this point, it is the vertical piece of wood that is solicited: it has the same section, but the resistant lever arm is weaker, because the center of gravity of the piece of wood is higher. Internal lever arm r: 0.95 x 300 - 50 = 235 mm M R, d / piece of wood: 50'400 x 235 = 11'800'000 Nmm M R, d / m: 11'800'000 / 0.136 = 86'700'000 Nmm / m M R, d / m: = 86.70 kN / m

3. Effort tranchant3. Shearing effort ModèleModel

La moitié de l'armature requise dans les zones de flexion maximale est prolongée jusqu'aux appuis.Half of the required reinforcement in the areas of maximum flexion is extended to the supports.

SollicitationSolicitation

Réaction V S,d Reaction V S, d 15.70 x 6.65 / 2 = 52.2015.70 x 6.65 / 2 = 52.20 kN/mkN / m

RésistanceResistance

kd k d 0.600.60 Épaisseur dalle :Slab thickness: 0.30 - 0.05 = 0.250.30 - 0.05 = 0.25 mm V R,d :V R, d : 0.25 x 0.60 x 1'000 = 1500.25 x 0.60 x 1'000 = 150 kN /mkN / m

4. Passage de l'effort du bois dans le béton (et inversement)4. Passage of the effort of wood into concrete (and vice versa) SollicitationSolicitation

Z s,d Z s, d 50'40050'400 NNOT

RésistanceResistance

Longueur des pièces de bois :Length of the pieces of wood: 3'0003,000 mmmm Longueur des redents :Length of the redents: 120120 mmmm Nombre de redents sur demi-longueur :Number of redents on half-length: 3'000 / 2 / 120 = 12.53000/2/120 = 12.5 Section par redent (vertical déterminant) :Section by redent (vertical determinant): 4 x 60 = 2404 x 60 = 240 mm2 mm 2 Section totale :Total section: 12.5 x 240 = 3'00012.5 x 240 = 3,000 mm2mm2 Résistance bois :Wood resistance: 3'000 x 17.00 = 51'0003000 x 17.00 = 51,000 NNOT Résistance béton :Concrete resistance: 3'000 x 16.50 = 49'5003000 x 16.50 = 49,500 NNOT

5. Cisaillement du bois pour passage de l'effort du béton dans le bois (et inversement)5. Shearing of wood for the passage of the effort of the concrete in the wood (and vice versa) SollicitationSolicitation

Z S,d Z S, d 50'40050'400 NNOT

RésistanceResistance

Nombre de redents sur demi-longueur :Number of redents on half-length: 12.512.5 Section par redent :Section by redent: 60 x 120 = 7'20060 x 120 = 7,200 mm2 mm 2 Section totale :Total section: 7'200 x 12.5 = 90'0007,200 x 12.5 = 90,000 mm2 mm 2 Résistance (SIA 265 4.2.6) :Resistance (SIA 265 4.2.6): 90'000 x 0.6 x 1.80 = 97'20090'000 x 0.6 x 1.80 = 97'200 NNOT

6. Cisaillement du béton pour passage de l'effort du bois dans le béton (et inversement)6. Shearing of concrete for the passage of the force of wood into concrete (and vice versa) SollicitationSolicitation

Z S,d Z S, d 50'40050'400 NNOT

RésistanceResistance

Nombre de redents sur demi-longueur :Number of redents on half-length: 12.512.5 Section par redent :Section by redent: 60 x 120 = 7'20060 x 120 = 7,200 mm2 mm 2 Section totale :Total section: 7'200 x 12.5 = 90'0007,200 x 12.5 = 90,000 mm2 mm 2 Résistance : 90'000 x 1.00 = 90'000Resistance: 90'000 x 1.00 = 90'000 NNOT

7. Déformation (cas quasi-permanent)7. Deformation (almost permanent case) Les actions :The actions :

Le poids propre du bois :The weight of the wood: 0.0529 x 5.00 = 0.260.0529 x 5.00 = 0.26 kN/m2 kN / m 2 Le poids du béton :The weight of the concrete: (0.30-0.0529) x 24 = 5.93(0.30-0.0529) x 24 = 5.93 kN/m2 kN / m 2 La charge utile, valeur de dimensionnementPayload, sizing value 0.3 x 2.00 = 0.600.3 x 2.00 = 0.60 kN/m2 kN / m 2 Charge permanente, valeur de dimensionnementPermanent load, sizing value 3.003.00 kN/m2 kN / m 2 Total des actions, valeur de dimensionnement :Total actions, sizing value: 9.799.79 kN/m2 kN / m 2

Le modèleThe model

Module d'élasticité : celui du bois E0,mean Modulus of elasticity: that of the wood E 0, mean 13.0013.00 kN/mm2 kN / mm 2 Coefficient de fluage phi (bois humide à l'abri) :Phi creep coefficient (moist wood under cover): 1.001.00 Inertie : Correspondant à la hauteur du plancher :Inertia: Corresponding to the height of the floor: 0.30.3 mm

Calcul de l'effet déterminantCalculation of the determining effect

Flèche :5 x 9.79 x 6.654 / (384 x 13 x106 x 0.33 /12) = 0.00852Arrow: 5 x 9.79 x 6.65 4 / (384 x 13 x10 6 x 0.3 3/12) = 0.00852 mm F / portée :F / range: 0.00852 / 6.65 = 1 / 7800.00852 / 6.65 = 1/780

Claims (7)

  1. Wood concrete composite slab, comprising a wooden lower part and a concrete upper part (9), the wooden lower part comprises battens which are fixedly attached to each other, the lower surface of the assembled battens forming a planar surface intended to form a ceiling, characterised in that the battens are disposed vertically and horizontally in an alternating manner, each horizontal batten (2) having projections (28) at its upper part and each vertical batten (1) having projections (16) disposed on at least one of its vertical surfaces, the concrete upper part (9) filling the spaces (30) between the vertical battens and extending over a certain height (h) above the upper horizontal surfaces of the vertical battens.
  2. Wood concrete composite slab as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the battens have a length less than that of the span of the slab, and in that the horizontal battens (1) and the vertical battens (2) in two adjacent lines are staggered such that a vertical batten joint is not opposite a horizontal batten joint.
  3. Wood concrete composite slab as claimed in any one of claims 1 and 2, characterised in that each vertical batten has projections (16) only on one of its vertical surfaces, these projections being located facing the projections (28) of the adjacent horizontal batten.
  4. Wood concrete composite slab as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the horizontal and vertical battens are fixedly attached to each other by longitudinal grooves (13, 24; 25, 14) in which strips (3) are inserted.
  5. Wood concrete composite slab as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the horizontal battens (1) and the vertical battens (2) are formed from a standard batten having the same length.
  6. Wood concrete composite slab as claimed in the preceding claim, characterised in that the length of the standard batten is between 2 and 5 m, and in that its cross-section is rectangular with a width to height ratio between 0.3 and 0.5.
  7. Wood concrete composite slab as claimed in the preceding claim, characterised in that the length of the standard batten is 3 m and its cross-section is 40 x 100 mm.
EP09158394A 2009-04-21 2009-04-21 Wood concrete composite slab Not-in-force EP2243891B9 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT09158394T ATE539205T1 (en) 2009-04-21 2009-04-21 WOOD CONCRETE COMPOSITE PANELS
EP09158394A EP2243891B9 (en) 2009-04-21 2009-04-21 Wood concrete composite slab

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EP09158394A EP2243891B9 (en) 2009-04-21 2009-04-21 Wood concrete composite slab

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EP2243891B1 true EP2243891B1 (en) 2011-12-28
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108505675A (en) * 2018-04-10 2018-09-07 上海市建筑科学研究院 A kind of novel combination type floor and its construction method
CN114517551B (en) * 2022-04-20 2022-07-12 中冶建筑研究总院有限公司 Full precast concrete floor connected node

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH658281A5 (en) 1984-08-02 1986-10-31 Robert Haldi CONSTRUCTION WORK.
FR2710928B1 (en) * 1993-10-05 1997-10-10 Mathis Paul Henri Industrialized wood frame construction.
FR2774112B1 (en) * 1998-01-27 2000-03-17 Archipente WOOD-CONCRETE COMPOSITE WALL ELEMENT
DE10227099B4 (en) * 2002-06-18 2005-12-22 Weinmann Holzbausystemtechnik Gmbh Component, in particular ceiling element
ITCO20050010A1 (en) 2005-03-14 2006-09-15 Giovanni Cenci APPLICABLE PROCEDURE BETWEEN PRODUCTION IN THE FACTORY AND CONSTRUCTION OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS OBTAINED FROM THE BONDED UNION OF WOOD OR ITS DERIVATIVES WITH CONCRETE IN THE FRESH MIXING STATE

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