EP2220259A1 - Method for the production of coated and hardened components made of steel, and coated and hardenable steel strip therefor - Google Patents
Method for the production of coated and hardened components made of steel, and coated and hardenable steel strip thereforInfo
- Publication number
- EP2220259A1 EP2220259A1 EP08864850A EP08864850A EP2220259A1 EP 2220259 A1 EP2220259 A1 EP 2220259A1 EP 08864850 A EP08864850 A EP 08864850A EP 08864850 A EP08864850 A EP 08864850A EP 2220259 A1 EP2220259 A1 EP 2220259A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- oxidation
- steel
- coating
- zinc
- hardened
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910001297 Zn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000760 Hardened steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- KFZAUHNPPZCSCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron zinc Chemical compound [Fe].[Zn] KFZAUHNPPZCSCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- FJMNNXLGOUYVHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum zinc Chemical compound [Al].[Zn] FJMNNXLGOUYVHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000003618 dip coating Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferric oxide Chemical compound O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229960005191 ferric oxide Drugs 0.000 description 5
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 235000013980 iron oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002149 energy-dispersive X-ray emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005246 galvanizing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013001 point bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002436 steel type Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000967 As alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001335 Galvanized steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidynesilicon Chemical compound [Al].[Si] CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005269 aluminizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010960 cold rolled steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008397 galvanized steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000844 transformation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/68—Temporary coatings or embedding materials applied before or during heat treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0205—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips of ferrous alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0278—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips involving a particular surface treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/04—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing
- C21D8/0478—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing involving a particular surface treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
- C21D9/48—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals deep-drawing sheets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/003—Apparatus
- C23C2/0038—Apparatus characterised by the pre-treatment chambers located immediately upstream of the bath or occurring locally before the dipping process
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
- C23C2/022—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas by heating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
- C23C2/022—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas by heating
- C23C2/0222—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas by heating in a reactive atmosphere, e.g. oxidising or reducing atmosphere
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
- C23C2/06—Zinc or cadmium or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
- C23C2/12—Aluminium or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/26—After-treatment
- C23C2/261—After-treatment in a gas atmosphere, e.g. inert or reducing atmosphere
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/26—After-treatment
- C23C2/28—Thermal after-treatment, e.g. treatment in oil bath
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/26—After-treatment
- C23C2/28—Thermal after-treatment, e.g. treatment in oil bath
- C23C2/29—Cooling or quenching
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/62—Quenching devices
- C21D1/673—Quenching devices for die quenching
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24942—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including components having same physical characteristic in differing degree
- Y10T428/24983—Hardness
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing hardened components made of hardenable steel and a hardenable steel strip for this purpose.
- Hardenable steels are to be understood below as steels in which a phase transformation of the base material results during the heating and subsequent cooling, the so-called quench hardening from the previous microstructure transformation and optionally during the quench hardening further microstructural transformations results in a material which is significantly harder or higher Has tensile strengths as the starting material.
- this component is heated and placed in a tool which corresponds exactly to the final dimensions of the desired component. Due to the thermal expansion, the coated component has expanded to exactly this final dimension and is held on all sides in the so-called mold and cooled, whereby the hardening is brought about.
- EP-A 0 971 044 discloses a method in which a sheet made of a hardenable steel and having a metallic coating is heated to a temperature above the austenitizing temperature and then transferred to a hot forming tool where the heated sheet metal is formed and simultaneously cooled and cured by cooling.
- microcracks occur in the steel substrate, regardless of whether a metallic coating is present on the steel substrate or not, especially during hot forming, even of cold preformed but unfinished components.
- micro-cracks occur especially in the areas that are reshaped and especially in the areas with high degrees of deformation. These microcracks are located on the surface and / or in the metallic coating and may partially extend relatively far into the base material. This has the disadvantage that such cracks under load of the component can continue to grow and represent a pre-damage of the component, which can lead to failure under load.
- Metallic coatings on steels have long been known in the form of aluminum, aluminum alloy coatings, in particular aluminum-zinc alloy coatings, zinc coatings and zinc alloy coatings.
- Such coatings have the task of protecting the steel material from corrosion. In the case of aluminum coatings, this is done by what is known as barrier protection, in which the aluminum creates a barrier against the entry of corrosive media.
- Such coatings have hitherto been used in particular for normal-strength steel alloys, in particular for the motor vehicle industry, the construction industry, but also in the household appliance industry.
- They can be applied to the steel material by hot dip coating, PVD or CVD or electrodeposited.
- DE 10 2004 059 566 B3 discloses a process for hot-dip coating a strip of high-strength steel, in which the strip is firstly melted in a continuous furnace A reducing atmosphere is heated to a temperature of about 650 ° C. At this temperature, the alloying constituents of the higher-strength steel should diffuse to the surface of the strip in only small amounts.
- the predominantly made of pure iron surface is converted by a very short heat treatment at an overlying temperature of up to 750 0 C in a continuous furnace integrated reaction chamber with an oxidizing atmosphere in an iron oxide layer. This iron oxide layer is intended to prevent diffusion of the alloying constituents to the surface of the strip in a subsequent annealing treatment at a higher temperature in a reducing atmosphere.
- the iron oxide layer is converted into a purer iron layer on which the zinc and / or aluminum is applied in an optimally adhesive manner in the hot dip bath.
- the oxide layer applied by this method should have a maximum thickness of 300 nm. In practice, the layer thickness is usually set to about 150 nm.
- the object of the invention is to provide a method for producing hardened components made of hardenable steel, with which the forming behavior, in particular the hot forming behavior, is improved.
- the invention provides to oxidize a hot or cold rolled steel strip on the surface, then make a metallic coating and for the purpose of producing the component from the corresponding coated sheet - so necessary - to cut a board to heat this board to heat them by heating austenitize at least partially so that in a subsequent forming and cooling of the board an at least partially cured microstructure or partially cured component is formed.
- the superficial oxidation of the strip of hardenable steel during the heating for the purpose of austenitizing and / or forming and cooling superficially a ductile layer is formed, which can reduce the stresses during forming so well that there is no microcracking more is coming.
- the metallic coating serves to protect against superficial decarburization, although this metallic coating can of course also perform other tasks, such as corrosion protection.
- a protective gas atmosphere can be produced, in particular, a superficial oxidation, for. B. to about 700 0 C in an oxidizing atmosphere, brought about and the further heating under inert gas atmosphere are carried out so that further oxidation and / or decarburization is omitted.
- the oxidation of the steel strip for the purpose of applying the metallic coating may reduced in size to achieve a reactive surface.
- the oxide layer as in conventional pre-oxidation, largely eliminated for the purpose of galvanizing.
- the oxidation according to the invention is carried out to a far greater extent than the pre-oxidation according to the prior art.
- the prior art pre-oxidation takes place up to a maximum thickness of 300 nm, the oxidation according to the invention to a much greater extent, so that even after a reduction has been carried out, an oxidized layer, preferably at least 300 nm thick, remains.
- the oxidation according to the invention apparently not only superficially creates an iron-oxide layer which, of course, also contains oxides of the alloying elements, it also seems to be the case that the alloying elements are partially oxidized even below this layer.
- a component produced by the process according to the invention shows a thin layer on the surface between the steel substrate and the coating, and a whitish layer in the micrograph FIG. 4.
- the most likely cause of this ductile layer is oxidized alloying elements, which were not available in the superficially oxidized phase for the phase transformation during curing or have delayed or obstructed this transformation.
- the exact mechanisms have not yet been elucidated.
- FIG. 1 highly schematic of the process sequence according to the invention
- Figure 2 is a graph showing the improvement in the bending angle in the invention over the prior art
- FIG. 3 shows a highly schematic layered structure according to the invention in comparison to the prior art after hardening
- FIG. 4 shows a microscopic grinding of the surface of the steel strip according to the invention
- Figure 5 a microscopic Schuffholznähme a comparative example not according to the invention.
- FIG. 6 shows a scanning electronic recording of a comparative example according to the invention
- FIG. 7 shows an excerpt from the scanning electronic sampling of FIG. 6 with a line-zinc concentration profile from an energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX).
- FIG. 1 shows the method according to the invention with reference to a method sequence, for example for a hot-dip coated steel strip, in particular a galvanized steel strip of the 22MnB5 type with an overlay Z140.
- the layer thicknesses shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 are not drawn to scale, but are distorted relative to each other for better representability.
- a bright steel strip 1 is subjected to oxidation before the hot-dip coating, so that the strip 1 is provided with an oxide layer 2.
- This oxidation is carried out at temperatures between 650 ° and 800 0 C. While for a conventional pre-oxidation, which would be necessary for a hot-dip galvanizing, the oxide layer thickness of 150 nm would be fully sufficient, the oxidation is carried out according to the invention so that the oxide layer thickness is> 300 nm.
- a partial reduction of the oxides at the surface is carried out in the next step, so that a very thin reduced layer 4 is produced, which consists essentially of pure iron. Below this remains a residual oxide layer 3.
- the hot-dip coating is carried out with the coating metal, so that a layer 5 of the coating metal on the residual oxide layer 3 results.
- a layer 5 of the coating metal on the residual oxide layer 3 results.
- Now around the hardened component To achieve the band 1 is heated to the Austenitmaschinestempera- and at least partially austenitized, whereby, inter alia, the metallic coating 5 and the surface of the strip 1 alloy each other.
- the oxide layer 3 is in this case partially or completely consumed by diffusion processes between the band 1 and the metallic coating 5, or is not detectable in the high-temperature treatment.
- the deposition onto the oxide layer can take place without prior reduction or with reduction, if appropriate, however, a pickling is also carried out.
- the forming and cooling takes place in a tool, wherein the layer 6, where appropriate, the phases converted and also a phase transformation takes place in the band 1.
- a bright, ductile layer 7 can be observed between the strip 1 and the metallic coating 6, which is apparently responsible for ensuring that the end product is a micro-crack-free, hardened component.
- This ductile layer 7 presumably already forms during heating for the purpose of hardening and is therefore already present during hot forming.
- this light-colored layer 7 The most probable cause of this light-colored layer 7 is that the oxidation carried out before the metallic coating has oxidized the alloying elements necessary for curing, such as manganese, in the near-surface region and are not available for conversion or hinder conversion. so that the steel strip in the very thin near-surface area this forms ductile layer 7, which is apparently sufficient to compensate for the near-surface stresses so that no deformation and crack propagation occur during forming.
- the advantage of the process is also evident after curing, or can also be detected after curing, if a correspondingly produced or hardened sheet is subjected to a three-point bending test, for example. This can also positively influence the crash behavior.
- Time is measured, the distance from touching the flexural strength value with the sample and the force.
- the force and displacement or a force-bending angle curve are recorded, the angle being calculated from the path.
- the test criterion is the bending angle at the force maximum.
- the ductile layer 7 is located between the hardened substrate and the coating after the hardening reaction.
- the average layer thickness of this layer is greater than 0.3 microns, which layer may be continuous, but need not be completely continuous, to bring about the success of the invention.
- the grains of the iron-zinc layer have near the base material only a very low zinc content, these appear in the cross-section whitish Fe-rich layer acts as a ductile intermediate layer between the other laminates.
- FIG. 7 shows an excerpt from FIG. 6 with a line-zinc concentration profile from an energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). It is once again clearly evident that the zinc content decreases in the direction of the base material.
- EDX energy-dispersive X-ray analysis
- Figures 4 and 5 each show a Schuffholznähme a hardened steel strip of the invention ( Figure 4) and the prior art ( Figure 5), wherein in the cut clearly the substrate 1, lying over the converted metallic coating 6 and lying between the ductile layer 7 are visible.
- FIG. 5 shows a layer construction according to the prior art, in which a galvanized strip 101 has a steel substrate 102 made of higher-strength steel onto which a zinc-iron layer 103 has been applied. A ductile layer is missing.
- the metallic coating can be selected from all common metallic coatings, since it is only a matter of counteracting a decarburization. Therefore, the coatings may be pure aluminum or aluminum-silicon coatings as well as alloy coatings of aluminum and zinc (galvalume) as well as coatings of zinc or substantially zinc. But other coatings of metals or alloys are suitable if you can experience the high temperatures during curing in the short term.
- the coatings may, for. B. by electroplating or hot dip coating or PVD or CVD method may be applied.
- the oxidation can hereby be brought about conventionally in that the strip passes through a directly heated preheater in which gas burners are used and an increase of the oxidation potential in the atmosphere surrounding the strip can be generated by a change in the gas-air mixture.
- the oxygen potential can be controlled and lead to oxidation of the iron on the strip surface.
- the control is carried out in such a way that an oxidation is achieved which is significantly above the oxidation in the prior art.
- the formed egg senoxidtik or an optionally achieved internal oxidation of the steel only superficially or partially reduced.
- oxidation or pre-oxidation is also carried out considerably more than it would be necessary.
- the oxidation strength can be adjusted here in particular by the supply of an oxidizing agent.
- the control of the oxidation can be controlled via the atmosphere, via an oxidant concentration of an optionally added further oxidizing agent, the treatment time, the temperature, the temperature profile and the water vapor content in the furnace chamber.
- a strip treated in this way can be shaped, heated and press-hardened, but can also be hot-formed and press-hardened, in an excellent manner and free from microcracks in the steel substrate.
- An advantage of the invention is the provision of a method and a steel strip which make it possible, in a simpler and safer way, to considerably increase the quality of formed and hardened components made of higher-strength steel.
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- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
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Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102007061489A DE102007061489A1 (en) | 2007-12-20 | 2007-12-20 | Process for producing hardened hardenable steel components and hardenable steel strip therefor |
PCT/EP2008/010850 WO2009080292A1 (en) | 2007-12-20 | 2008-12-18 | Method for the production of coated and hardened components made of steel, and coated and hardenable steel strip therefor |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP2220259A1 true EP2220259A1 (en) | 2010-08-25 |
EP2220259B1 EP2220259B1 (en) | 2012-08-15 |
EP2220259B9 EP2220259B9 (en) | 2012-12-19 |
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EP08864850A Active EP2220259B9 (en) | 2007-12-20 | 2008-12-18 | Method for the production of coated and hardened components made of steel, and coated and hardenable steel strip therefor |
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Country | Link |
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US (1) | US9090951B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2220259B9 (en) |
JP (1) | JP5776961B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR20100113492A (en) |
CN (1) | CN101918599B (en) |
BR (1) | BRPI0817353B1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2705700C (en) |
DE (1) | DE102007061489A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2393093T3 (en) |
MX (1) | MX2010005433A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2009080292A1 (en) |
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JP7243949B1 (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2023-03-22 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | hot pressed parts |
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- 2008-12-18 KR KR1020107013840A patent/KR20100113492A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2008-12-18 CN CN200880121231.0A patent/CN101918599B/en active Active
- 2008-12-18 EP EP08864850A patent/EP2220259B9/en active Active
- 2008-12-18 WO PCT/EP2008/010850 patent/WO2009080292A1/en active Application Filing
- 2008-12-18 JP JP2010538467A patent/JP5776961B2/en active Active
- 2008-12-18 MX MX2010005433A patent/MX2010005433A/en active IP Right Grant
- 2008-12-18 CA CA2705700A patent/CA2705700C/en active Active
- 2008-12-18 US US12/809,186 patent/US9090951B2/en active Active
- 2008-12-18 ES ES08864850T patent/ES2393093T3/en active Active
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Cited By (6)
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EP2984198A1 (en) * | 2013-04-10 | 2016-02-17 | Tata Steel IJmuiden B.V. | Product formed by hot forming of metallic coated steel sheet, method to form the product, and steel strip |
EP2984198B1 (en) * | 2013-04-10 | 2021-06-23 | Tata Steel IJmuiden B.V. | Product formed by hot forming of metallic coated steel sheet, method to form the product, and steel strip |
CN103320589A (en) * | 2013-06-11 | 2013-09-25 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Method for preventing nickelic steel billet from being oxidized in heating process |
CN103320589B (en) * | 2013-06-11 | 2014-11-05 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Method for preventing nickelic steel billet from being oxidized in heating process |
DE102018217835A1 (en) | 2018-10-18 | 2020-04-23 | Sms Group Gmbh | Process for producing a hot-formable steel flat product |
WO2020079200A1 (en) | 2018-10-18 | 2020-04-23 | Sms Group Gmbh | Method for producing a heat-formable flat steel product |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2705700C (en) | 2016-04-26 |
DE102007061489A1 (en) | 2009-06-25 |
ES2393093T3 (en) | 2012-12-18 |
EP2220259B9 (en) | 2012-12-19 |
JP2011508824A (en) | 2011-03-17 |
CN101918599A (en) | 2010-12-15 |
WO2009080292A1 (en) | 2009-07-02 |
KR20100113492A (en) | 2010-10-21 |
CN101918599B (en) | 2016-06-01 |
BRPI0817353B1 (en) | 2017-06-06 |
JP5776961B2 (en) | 2015-09-09 |
US20110076477A1 (en) | 2011-03-31 |
EP2220259B1 (en) | 2012-08-15 |
MX2010005433A (en) | 2010-06-18 |
BRPI0817353A2 (en) | 2015-03-31 |
US9090951B2 (en) | 2015-07-28 |
CA2705700A1 (en) | 2009-07-02 |
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