EP2188581A2 - Luftbeaufschlagter trockenkühler - Google Patents
Luftbeaufschlagter trockenkühlerInfo
- Publication number
- EP2188581A2 EP2188581A2 EP08831373A EP08831373A EP2188581A2 EP 2188581 A2 EP2188581 A2 EP 2188581A2 EP 08831373 A EP08831373 A EP 08831373A EP 08831373 A EP08831373 A EP 08831373A EP 2188581 A2 EP2188581 A2 EP 2188581A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- suction chamber
- dry cooler
- cooler according
- condensate
- tube
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
- F28B1/00—Condensers in which the steam or vapour is separate from the cooling medium by walls, e.g. surface condenser
- F28B1/06—Condensers in which the steam or vapour is separate from the cooling medium by walls, e.g. surface condenser using air or other gas as the cooling medium
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
- F28B9/00—Auxiliary systems, arrangements, or devices
- F28B9/08—Auxiliary systems, arrangements, or devices for collecting and removing condensate
Definitions
- the invention relates to an air-cooled dry cooler with the features in the preamble of patent claim 1.
- the invention is based on the object to further improve an air-cooled dry cooler for condensing water vapor with respect to achieving a high overall efficiency, with a freezing of the dephlegmator, and a tearing off of the gas-steam stream flowing into the suction chamber should be reliably avoided.
- the condensate entering the suction via an orifice collects in the deepest part of the suction chamber and can be reintroduced into a heat exchanger tube via a gas barrier in the form of siphons.
- the gas barrier is to ensure that the suction prevailing in the suction chamber does not lead to gas or steam passing the aperture opening into the suction chamber. This can be prevented by means of a gas barrier in the form of a siphon.
- the siphon drain separates the gas-steam flow from the opposite flow of condensate. It can not be longer Ingestion in the region of the individual orifices come because the condensate flows off via a separate path and is immediately introduced back into the heat exchanger tubes. Another advantage is that only small amounts of condensate can accumulate in the deepest of the suction chamber. Lower amounts of condensate can be heated faster by the extracted gas-steam mixture, so that freezing during operation can be ruled out. This increases the reliability. In addition, pressure fluctuations within the individual Dephlegmatorrohre be avoided, since in any case it is ensured that the condensate does not hinder the gas-steam flow.
- the gas barrier is formed by the diaphragm, a tube plate arranged below the diaphragm, in which the heat exchanger tubes are welded, and the collecting condensate itself.
- the condensate can flow back into the heat exchanger tubes directly above the outlet openings of the heat exchanger tubes fastened to the tubesheet and mix with the condensate that precipitates there.
- the panel may be part of a bottom plate of the suction chamber. For draining the condensate condensate discharge openings in the bottom plate or in the diaphragm are arranged within the gas barrier.
- the condensate discharge openings are preferably located in the lowest areas of the panel or the bottom plate.
- heat exchanger elements of the heat exchanger tubes-retaining tube sheet When arranged in roof shape heat exchanger elements of the heat exchanger tubes-retaining tube sheet is inclined relative to a horizontal. Since the aperture of a heat exchanger tube associated aperture has a substantially smaller cross-section than the heat exchanger tube, is due to the inclination of the tube plate, the lowest point of the outlet below the lowest point of the aperture. In other words, accumulating in the suction condensate can not dammed so high until it reaches the aperture, because it previously drains over the lower edge of the outlet opening of the heat exchanger tube and is discharged in this way from the suction. On This way, it can come to no flooding of the suction.
- the weld seam elevation over which the heat exchanger tubes are welded to the tubesheet, effectively serves as a seal in the region of the connection between tube plate and heat exchanger tube, which due to the remaining gap of about 1-2 mm but not subject to the risk of crevice corrosion.
- the seal is so dense that there is no risk of vapor or gas from neighboring, i.e., not more than 1 mm, due to a maximum distance of 2 mm, but preferably not greater than 1 mm. not directly below the aperture, heat exchanger tubes is sucked.
- dammed condensate in the area of the weld seam elevations can pass into the heat exchanger tubes and drain off. Due to the sufficient distance between the outlet opening and the bottom plate, crevice corrosion can not occur.
- a special manufacturing advantage results when a pair of opposite in a roof-shaped arrangement dephlegmators is connected to a common suction. This does not mean that the suction chamber of two dephlegmators is provided with only a single suction tube, but that, instead of two separate extraction chambers to be produced, a single suction chamber is mounted on the dephlegmators.
- the lowest point of the ridge area lies between the tubesheets of the dephlegmators. In this area, the condensate collects.
- the condensate collects up to a barrier height, in which a partition is immersed and as a gas barrier, the suction in a the first dephlegmator associated first sub-chamber and the second dephlegmator associated second sub-chamber divides.
- Each sub-chamber is provided with a separate suction. The discharge of the condensate from the deepest via condensate discharge openings in the bottom plate of the suction.
- the partition wall of the gas barrier is formed by a suction plate closing the cover plate.
- the cover plate can be made as well as the bottom plate of a folded sheet metal blank.
- the board is perforated in the area of the apertures and the suction tube.
- condensate discharge openings are manufactured.
- the perforated board is folded according to the inclination of the tube sheets.
- the side walls to which the suction tubes are attached can be made in one piece with the bottom plate of the board. The side walls and bottom plates effectively form a trough on which the cover plate is placed.
- the cover plate basically only needs to be folded once, in such a way that its fold in the installed position is lower than the deepest regions of the outlet openings of the heat exchanger tubes, so that a gas barrier is formed.
- the cover plate is thus more folded than the board between the two bottom plates.
- the thus prefabricated suction can be provided in the region of its side walls with spacers, which are supported on the tube plate of the heat exchanger.
- the spacers also serve as a vacuum support. They define a fixed distance between the tubesheet and the bottom plate. In the transition region between the side wall and the bottom plate, the suction chamber can be firmly welded to the tube plate via a fillet weld in ideal welding position.
- the cross-sectional wedge-shaped design of the suction chamber is structurally simple and with regard to the course of the cover plate and the bottom plate also fluidically particularly favorable.
- the cover plate can be stiffened by vacuum supports, which are arranged in triangular form above the cover plate.
- the dry cooler according to the invention optimizes the construction of the suction chamber, because in a simple manner provided with apertures bottom plate is part of a completely factory pre-finished chamber. Due to the bending radii during the production of the chamber, the welding phases for the subsequent welding with the tubesheets are created automatically. This reduces costs as a whole.
- a significant advantage of the suction chamber designed according to the invention is that there is no significant difference between countercurrent and DC capacitors with regard to the design of the individual tube bundles. This is primarily a logistical advantage, since it is not necessary to pay attention to the order of the capacitors to be installed on the construction site, but first the capacitors can be installed independently of their wiring and subsequently determine the wiring as a countercurrent capacitor or DC capacitor. Only after the gas-tight welding of the tubesheets, the factory-prefabricated extraction chambers are placed on the individual, operated in countercurrent heat exchanger elements and connected to the tube sheets.
- the cross-sectional area of the aperture is in direct proportion to the cross-sectional area of the suction tube, which has not hitherto been recognized in this form.
- the adaptation of the cross-sectional areas makes it possible, due to the relatively small apertures suction tubes with also relatively small cross-sections use, which is to be mentioned as particularly advantageous that each Dephlegmator only a single suction pipe must be connected to the suction. This leads to a significant reduction of the previously required welding.
- countercurrent condensers which are used for the condensation of steam of a power plant, regularly have a width of about 2 m per tube bundle, so far distributed over the width of the tube bundle three suction tubes were connected to respective suction chambers.
- the suction chambers were gas-tight from each other. It has been extremely difficult assembly technology to connect the individual suction chambers via a plurality of individual suction with a manifold, as this, a variety of welds is required. However, the number of welds increases the risk of leaks. To make matters worse, that the welds must be partially welded on site in the overhead position, so that the welding process is very complex and time consuming.
- the cross-section of the individual apertures may vary, namely toward the edge region, ie in the regions farther from the suction tube, and towards the middle region, which is immediately adjacent to the suction, smaller.
- the diameter changes can be continuous or in stages.
- a third of the gradation is conceivable, that is, in the middle, the suction tube adjacent area are the apertures with the smallest cross-sectional areas.
- the suction tube adjacent area are the apertures with the largest cross-sectional areas and in each case between apertures with average cross-sectional areas.
- FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a suction chamber in the upper region of a countercurrent condenser
- Figure 2 is a perspective view of the suction chamber of Figure 1 in the open and closed state
- Figure 3 is an enlarged view of Figure 2;
- FIG 4 the suction chamber of Figures 1 to 3 in cross section.
- FIG. 1 shows the upper region of a DC capacitor (dephlegmator) 1 of an air-cooled dry cooler (not shown in detail) for condensing water vapor.
- the flow direction of the steam is illustrated by the arrows P shown.
- the steam rises within mutually parallel heat exchanger tubes 2 upwards and enters a suction chamber 3 a.
- a suction pipe 4 is centrally connected, via which the vapor-gas mixture is sucked out of the dephlegmator 1.
- FIG. 2 shows the upper region of a DC capacitor (dephlegmator) 1 of an air-cooled dry cooler (not shown in detail) for condensing water vapor.
- the flow direction of the steam is illustrated by the arrows P shown.
- the steam rises within mutually parallel heat exchanger tubes 2 upwards and enters a suction chamber 3 a.
- a suction pipe 4 is centrally connected, via which the vapor-gas mixture is sucked out of the dephlegmator 1.
- FIG. 1 a part of a DC capacitor 6 is shown in the right-most picture plane.
- the DC capacitor 6 is not provided with a suction chamber 4 because the steam flows from top to bottom.
- the heat exchanger tubes 2 have the same cross section as that of the dephlegmator 1. It can be clearly seen that in the suction chamber 3 much smaller openings for the passage of the vapor-gas mixture are present. This is due to the fact that a diaphragm 7 reducing the outlet cross-section of the heat exchanger tubes 2 is arranged with apertures 8 above the outlet openings 9 of the individual heat exchanger tubes 2.
- the aperture 7 is part of a bottom plate 10 of the suction chamber 3.
- the individual apertures 8 have in their sum a cross-sectional area which is not greater than the cross-sectional area of the suction tube 4 connected to the suction chamber 4. This results in a particularly uniform extraction of steam-gas Mixture possible. As a result, cold zones within the heat exchanger tubes 2 of the dephlegmator 1 are largely avoided.
- a tube bundle configured as a dephlegmator 1 has a width of preferably approximately 2.20 m.
- the structure of the suction chambers 3 can be seen even more clearly.
- the left in the image plane suction chamber 3 is closed with a cover plate 12, in which it is a V-shaped beveled sheet.
- This cover plate 12 is welded to a lower part 11 of the suction chamber 3.
- the lower part 11 is formed by the bottom plates 10 and the angled 90 ° relative to the bottom plates 10 side walls 13.
- the cover plate 12 is welded at the edge to the side walls 13 and stiffened by additional triangular vacuum supports 14.
- spacers 15 are arranged on the side walls 13 at regular intervals, which will be described in more detail below. The spacers 15 are located in the same spatial plane as the vacuum supports 14.
- the cross-section of the suction chamber 3 tapers towards the middle, that is to say it is lowest where the fold occurs between the base plates 10.
- this area of the fold is the lowest point of the suction chamber 3.
- This area is referred to as the lowest 16 and is provided at regular intervals with condensate discharge openings 17.
- the condensate discharge openings 17 are elongated holes, so that they are on both sides extend the fold, as can be seen from the enlarged view of Figure 3.
- the suction chamber 3 is divided into a respective first dephlegmator 1 associated first sub-chamber 19 and a gas-tight separated from this second sub-chamber 19a.
- the sub-chambers 19, 19a are mirror-symmetrical or the suction chamber 3 is symmetrical and coupled to a suction pipe, not shown. It can be seen that from the heat exchanger tubes 2, a vapor-gas mixture corresponding to the arrows P rises, forming within the heat exchanger tube 2 condensate drops T, which are reflected on the wall of the heat exchanger tube 2 and condensate K one not closer shown condensate line in the foot of the dephlegmators 1 are supplied. It can be seen that the cross-section of the apertures 8 is substantially smaller than the cross-sectional area of the outlet opening 9 of the heat exchanger tubes 2.
- the vapor-gas mixture passing through the aperture 8 is at least partially condensed, with gas being sucked up in the direction of the arrows P1, ie in the direction of the suction tube 4, while condensate drops T move downward by gravity and in the lowest 16 of the suction chamber 3 collect.
- the condensate K passes through the condensate drain opening 17, which are shown in Figure 4 only as an interruption in the bottom plate 10, and collects above a heat exchanger tubes 2 halthalte tube bottom 18.
- the tube plates 18 of the two dephlegmators are gas-tight welded together.
- the condensate K passes through the condensate discharge openings 17 under the respective bottom plates 10, which are located at a small distance from the tube sheets 18.
- the condensate can rise up to the level height, which is marked with the line of the broken line F.
- the level height F corresponds to the altitude of the deepest Regions of the outlet openings 9.
- the condensate K so far rise until it can flow between the bottom plates 10 and the tube plates 18 again through the outlet openings 9 in the heat exchanger tubes 2 and mixed with the rest of the condensate stream.
- the cover plate 12 extends below the level line F and immersed in the accumulating condensate.
- a gas barrier 20 is formed by the bottom plate 10 or by the diaphragm 7, the tube plate 18 arranged underneath the bottom plate 10 and the condensate K so that no vapor-gas mixture can pass from the left partial chamber 18 into the right partial chamber 19 .
- a so-called "swallowing" of the effluent condensate is prevented with the extracted in countercurrent vapor-gas mixture.
- the factory prefabricated suction chamber 3 is welded as a complete assembly via a weldable in ideal position to be pulled fillet weld 21 with the tube plates 18.
- the suction chamber 3 is held by the spacers 15 at a defined minimum distance of preferably 1 mm, to the weld seam elevations, which are not shown in detail, which have arisen due to the tube welds in the tube plates 18. This automatically creates a single chamber per heat exchanger tube 2, which can be uniformly sucked through the discharge opening 8.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102007044658A DE102007044658B3 (de) | 2007-09-18 | 2007-09-18 | Luftbeaufschlagter Trockenkühler |
PCT/DE2008/001325 WO2009036719A2 (de) | 2007-09-18 | 2008-08-12 | Luftbeaufschlagter trockenkühler |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2188581A2 true EP2188581A2 (de) | 2010-05-26 |
EP2188581B1 EP2188581B1 (de) | 2011-03-02 |
Family
ID=39917641
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP08831373A Not-in-force EP2188581B1 (de) | 2007-09-18 | 2008-08-12 | Luftbeaufschlagter trockenkühler |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8726975B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP2188581B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN101796363A (de) |
AR (1) | AR068459A1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE500482T1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE102007044658B3 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2361898T3 (de) |
TW (1) | TW200930968A (de) |
WO (1) | WO2009036719A2 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102007044658B3 (de) | 2007-09-18 | 2008-12-04 | Gea Energietechnik Gmbh | Luftbeaufschlagter Trockenkühler |
US11199361B2 (en) | 2019-02-19 | 2021-12-14 | Gas Technology Institute | Method and apparatus for net zero-water power plant cooling and heat recovery |
Family Cites Families (39)
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USRE17433E (en) * | 1929-09-17 | Ooooooooooooooo | ||
US1662186A (en) * | 1926-11-10 | 1928-03-13 | Worthington Pump & Mach Corp | Condenser |
US1772807A (en) * | 1928-12-12 | 1930-08-12 | Worthington Pump & Mach Corp | Surface condenser |
US1855390A (en) * | 1930-04-28 | 1932-04-26 | Raymond N Ehrhart | Surface condenser |
US1855231A (en) * | 1931-11-19 | 1932-04-26 | Worthington Pump & Mach Corp | Surface condenser |
US2181704A (en) * | 1935-11-26 | 1939-11-28 | Andale Co | Heat transfer apparatus |
CH361018A (de) | 1956-02-15 | 1962-03-31 | Gea Luftkuehler Ges Mbh | Luftgekühlter Oberflächenkondensator |
US3073575A (en) * | 1957-09-05 | 1963-01-15 | Gea Luftkuhler Ges M B H | Air-cooled surface condenser |
DE1873644U (de) * | 1961-11-04 | 1963-06-12 | Gea Luftkuehler Happel Gmbh | Kondensatorelement fuer luftgekuehlte kondensatoren. |
US3262489A (en) * | 1964-02-11 | 1966-07-26 | Aerofin Corp | Heat exchanger |
DE1776130A1 (de) * | 1968-09-25 | 1970-10-01 | Borsig Gmbh | Luftgekuehlter Kondensator |
US3710854A (en) * | 1971-02-17 | 1973-01-16 | Gen Electric | Condenser |
US3938588A (en) * | 1973-10-18 | 1976-02-17 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Deaerating feedwater heater |
US4129180A (en) * | 1976-12-06 | 1978-12-12 | Hudson Products Corporation | Vapor condensing apparatus |
US4168742A (en) * | 1978-03-27 | 1979-09-25 | Hudson Products Corporation | Tube bundle |
US4220194A (en) * | 1978-07-24 | 1980-09-02 | General Electric Company | Scavenging of throttled MSR tube bundles |
GB2029250B (en) * | 1978-09-05 | 1982-10-27 | Apv Spiro Gills Ltd | Water chilling plant |
JPS5844198B2 (ja) * | 1978-10-05 | 1983-10-01 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 多管式熱交換器 |
CH640631A5 (de) * | 1979-06-20 | 1984-01-13 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | Waermeaustauscher. |
US4815296A (en) * | 1988-03-14 | 1989-03-28 | Ormat Turbines (1965), Ltd. | Heat exchanger for condensing vapor containing non-condensable gases |
US4878535A (en) * | 1988-04-27 | 1989-11-07 | Rosenblad Corporation | Selective condensation apparatus |
US4903491A (en) * | 1988-06-13 | 1990-02-27 | Larinoff Michael W | Air-cooled vacuum steam condenser |
US5139083A (en) * | 1990-10-10 | 1992-08-18 | Larinoff Michael W | Air cooled vacuum steam condenser with flow-equalized mini-bundles |
DE4039292A1 (de) * | 1990-12-08 | 1992-06-11 | Gea Luftkuehler Happel Gmbh | Verfahren zum herstellen eines waermetauschers und vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens |
DE4439801C2 (de) * | 1994-11-08 | 1996-10-31 | Gea Power Cooling Systems Inc | Luftbeaufschlagter Trockenkühler |
US5787970A (en) * | 1994-12-06 | 1998-08-04 | Larinoff; Michael W. | Air-cooled vacuum steam condenser with mixed flow bundle |
US5653281A (en) * | 1995-12-20 | 1997-08-05 | Hudson Products Corporation | Steam condensing module with integral, stacked vent condenser |
HU9700240D0 (en) * | 1997-01-27 | 1997-03-28 | Energiagazdalkodasi Intezet | Air-cooled steam condenser |
HU9701654D0 (en) * | 1997-10-16 | 1997-12-29 | Gabor Csaba | Direct air cooling condensor |
US5950717A (en) * | 1998-04-09 | 1999-09-14 | Gea Power Cooling Systems Inc. | Air-cooled surface condenser |
US6588499B1 (en) * | 1998-11-13 | 2003-07-08 | Pacificorp | Air ejector vacuum control valve |
DE19937800B4 (de) * | 1999-08-10 | 2005-06-16 | Gea Energietechnik Gmbh | Anlage zur Kondensation von Dampf |
WO2006047209A1 (en) * | 2004-10-21 | 2006-05-04 | Gea Power Cooling Systems, Inc. | Air-cooled condensing system and method |
US7237600B2 (en) * | 2005-01-26 | 2007-07-03 | Edward Joseph Tippmann | Support surface for heating or cooling food articles and method of making the same |
DE102006029773B3 (de) * | 2006-06-27 | 2007-07-12 | Gea Energietechnik Gmbh | Verfahren zur Errichtung einer Kondensationsanlage |
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DE102007044658B3 (de) | 2007-09-18 | 2008-12-04 | Gea Energietechnik Gmbh | Luftbeaufschlagter Trockenkühler |
US8490506B2 (en) * | 2009-01-12 | 2013-07-23 | Aa Holdings, Ltd. | In-situ gas analyzer probe |
EP2457051A2 (de) * | 2009-07-22 | 2012-05-30 | Johnson Controls Technology Company | Kompakter vedampfer für kühlaggregate |
-
2007
- 2007-09-18 DE DE102007044658A patent/DE102007044658B3/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2008
- 2008-08-12 CN CN200880105441A patent/CN101796363A/zh active Pending
- 2008-08-12 DE DE502008002758T patent/DE502008002758D1/de active Active
- 2008-08-12 ES ES08831373T patent/ES2361898T3/es active Active
- 2008-08-12 US US12/678,588 patent/US8726975B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-08-12 AT AT08831373T patent/ATE500482T1/de active
- 2008-08-12 WO PCT/DE2008/001325 patent/WO2009036719A2/de active Application Filing
- 2008-08-12 EP EP08831373A patent/EP2188581B1/de not_active Not-in-force
- 2008-09-17 AR ARP080104031A patent/AR068459A1/es unknown
- 2008-09-17 TW TW097135625A patent/TW200930968A/zh unknown
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2009036719A2 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
TW200930968A (en) | 2009-07-16 |
ES2361898T3 (es) | 2011-06-24 |
WO2009036719A3 (de) | 2009-06-04 |
DE502008002758D1 (de) | 2011-04-14 |
DE102007044658B3 (de) | 2008-12-04 |
CN101796363A (zh) | 2010-08-04 |
US8726975B2 (en) | 2014-05-20 |
EP2188581B1 (de) | 2011-03-02 |
WO2009036719A2 (de) | 2009-03-26 |
AR068459A1 (es) | 2009-11-18 |
ATE500482T1 (de) | 2011-03-15 |
US20100206530A1 (en) | 2010-08-19 |
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