EP2170554B1 - Optical grade surfacing device - Google Patents

Optical grade surfacing device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2170554B1
EP2170554B1 EP08826875A EP08826875A EP2170554B1 EP 2170554 B1 EP2170554 B1 EP 2170554B1 EP 08826875 A EP08826875 A EP 08826875A EP 08826875 A EP08826875 A EP 08826875A EP 2170554 B1 EP2170554 B1 EP 2170554B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
interface
end surface
tool
tool according
pad
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP08826875A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2170554A1 (en
Inventor
Jean Stephane
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
EssilorLuxottica SA
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Essilor International Compagnie Generale dOptique SA
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Publication of EP2170554A1 publication Critical patent/EP2170554A1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D9/00—Wheels or drums supporting in exchangeable arrangement a layer of flexible abrasive material, e.g. sandpaper
    • B24D9/08—Circular back-plates for carrying flexible material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B13/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding or polishing optical surfaces on lenses or surfaces of similar shape on other work; Accessories therefor
    • B24B13/02—Machines or devices designed for grinding or polishing optical surfaces on lenses or surfaces of similar shape on other work; Accessories therefor by means of tools with abrading surfaces corresponding in shape with the lenses to be made

Definitions

  • the invention relates to optical quality surfacing for surfaces such as a face of an ophthalmic lens or a camera lens or an instrument for observing distant objects or a face a semiconductor substrate.
  • Surfacing means any operation to modify the state of a previously shaped surface. These include polishing, grinding or etching operations to modify (decrease or increase) the roughness of the surface and / or to reduce the undulation.
  • a tool for surfacing an optical surface comprising: a rigid support having a transverse end surface; an elastically compressible interface secured to the rigid support and having a first end transverse surface, a second end transverse surface and a lateral surface extending from the periphery of the first end surface to the periphery of the second surface; end, said first end surface of the interface being applied against and covering said end surface of the rigid support; as well as a flexible pad adapted to be applied against the optical surface and which is applied against and covers at least in part the second end surface of the interface opposite and to the right of said end surface of the support rigid.
  • the tool In order to reduce the roughness of the optical surface, the tool is brought into contact with the latter while maintaining sufficient tool pressure on it so that, by deformation of the interface, the pad conforms to the shape of the optical surface. .
  • the optical surface is rotated, its friction against the tool being sufficient to jointly drive it in rotation.
  • the surfacing operation requires an abrasive that can be contained in the buffer or in the fluid.
  • the elastically compressible interface compensates for the difference in curvature between the end surface of the tool support and the optical surface.
  • This tool provides an improvement in surface appearance, but under certain circumstances, such appearance defects still exist.
  • the aim of the invention is to provide a surfacing tool which is particularly efficient in terms of minimizing appearance defects.
  • an optical quality surfacing tool comprising: a rigid support having a transverse end surface; an elastically compressible interface secured to the rigid support and having a first end transverse surface, a second end transverse surface and a lateral surface extending from the periphery of the first end surface to the periphery of the second surface; end, said first end surface of the interface being applied against and covering said end surface of the rigid support; as well as a flexible pad which can be applied against a surface to be worked and which is applied against and covers at least in part the second end surface of the interface opposite and to the right of said end surface of the rigid support; characterized in that a flexible belt is applied against and partially overlies the lateral surface of the interface, said belt extending from the periphery of said pad to a free end, an annular portion of said lateral surface of the interface being free between said free end of said belt and the first end surface of the interface.
  • the flexible belt opposes the lateral extension of the interface.
  • the flexible belt forces the pressure to be distributed relatively uniformly under the surfacing tool and in particular at the edges where the peaks of pressure are avoided.
  • the flexible belt also limits the deformations of the interface due to the efforts of movement of the tool vis-à-vis the surface to work.
  • the free annular portion of the lateral surface of the interface nevertheless allows the latter to retain sufficient deformation capacity so that the pad can match the shape of the surface to be worked.
  • the flexible nature of the belt also contributes to this deformation capacity while the location of the belt between the periphery of the buffer and the free annular portion of the lateral surface of the buffer is particularly advantageous for limiting the lateral bulge taken by the buffer when the The tool is subjected to an application force towards the surface to be worked, and this especially as the diameter of the tool is high.
  • the tool according to the invention has a better behavior than the previous tools, which do not have a flexible belt.
  • the tool according to the invention also makes it possible, all other conditions being equal, to implement more effective surfacing parameters, and in particular to increase the pressure and the speed.
  • said belt is made in one piece with the pad.
  • Obtaining the tool according to the invention is thus particularly simple and convenient while there is between the buffer and the belt a continuity favorable to the durability of the tool and the quality of surfacing performed.
  • the distance between said end of said belt and said first end surface is between 30% and 70% of the distance between said first end surface and said second end surface. end surface of the interface.
  • said support, said interface and said buffer have a similar diameter.
  • said interface and said buffer have a similar diameter greater than the diameter of said support, said tool further comprising elastic return means disposed between said rigid support and the periphery of said interface.
  • the tool 10 illustrated on the Figures 1 to 4 comprises a rigid support 11, an elastically compressible interface 12, a flexible buffer 13 and a flexible belt 14.
  • the support 11, and more generally the tool 10 is generally cylindrical with symmetry of revolution and has an axis of symmetry denoted X which defines a so-called longitudinal direction.
  • the support 11 has an end surface 15.
  • the interface 12 has a first end surface 16, a second end surface 17 and a side surface 18 extending from the periphery of the surface 16 to the periphery of the surface 17.
  • the surface 15 extends transversely and is here flat.
  • the interface 12 and the buffer 13 have the general shape of a disc of the same diameter as the surface 15, with the thickness of the interface 12 which is higher than the thickness of the buffer 13.
  • the interface 12 by its surface 16, is applied against and covers the surface 15 of the support 11.
  • the buffer 13 is applied against and covers the surface 17 of the interface 12.
  • the support 11 and the buffer 13 are located on either side of the interface 12.
  • the belt 14 extends from the periphery of the pad 13 to a free end 20, an annular portion 21 of the lateral surface 18 being free between the end 20 of the belt 14 and the surface 16 of the interface 12.
  • the belt 14 and the pad 13 are obtained from a flexible material disc of uniform thickness, an annular peripheral band, intended to become the belt 14, has at regular intervals notches which become the notches 22 when the annular band is raised to become the belt 14.
  • the notches 22 have a V-shaped contour pointing to the pad 13.
  • the fastening between the support 11 and the interface 12 is done here by gluing on all the surfaces 15 and 16.
  • the subjection between the whole of a single piece formed by the pad 13 and the belt 14 is here achieved by bonding the entire pad 13 and the belt 14 on the surfaces 17 and 18.
  • the support 11 has a cavity 25 opening away from the end surface 15 and extending axially over a portion of the thickness of the support 11.
  • the cavity 25 is centrally disposed and is provided for mounting the tool 10 on the spindle head of a surfacing machine.
  • the cavity 25 has a spherical portion 26 generally formed as three quarters of a sphere, an annular rib 27 and a frustoconical portion 28, the annular rib 27 being disposed between the portions 26 and 28.
  • the spindle head intended to be accommodated in the cavity 25 has a spherical portion end shaped as the portion 26 and a cylindrical portion of smaller diameter than the rib 27.
  • the assembly between the support 11 and the spindle of the machine is done by simple snapping, the rib being able to deform so that the spherical portion of the spindle head is housed in the portion 26.
  • the tool 10 is shown applied to an optical surface 30 which is planar, but it is understood that in practice an optical surface is curved (concave or convex).
  • the lens 31 to which the surface 30 belongs is mounted on a rotatable support (not shown) and the tool 10 is applied against the surface 30 with sufficient force for the pad 13 to conform to its shape.
  • the tool 10 is here, for its part, free in rotation while being off-center with respect to the optical surface 30.
  • the relative friction of the optical surface 30 and the pad 13 is sufficient to rotate the tool 10 in the same direction as that of the lens 31, about the axis X of symmetry of the support 11.
  • the optical surface 30 is sprinkled with a non-abrasive or abrasive watering medium, depending on whether or not the pad performs this function.
  • the tool 10 In order to scan the entire optical surface 2, the tool 10 is moved during the surfacing along a radial path, the point of intersection of the axis of rotation X of the tool 11 with the optical surface 11 effecting a surface. movement back and forth between two cusp points.
  • the tool 11 is subjected, relative to the lens 31, both to application forces to the surface to be worked 30 and to displacement forces along this surface.
  • the figure 3 shows how the tool 10 is deformed when this tool is subjected to a displacement force 40 along the surface to be worked 30.
  • the interface 12 which is elastically compressible, as well as the pad 13 and the belt 14, which are flexible, are liable to deform.
  • the exercise of the displacement force 40 tends to create a transverse shift between the pad 13 and the support 11.
  • the pad 13 is slightly offset relative to the support 11 to the left of the drawing.
  • the portion of the interface 12 surrounded by the belt 14 is deformed little or not at all, the belt 14 opposing the deformation of the lateral surface of the interface 12.
  • the figure 4 shows how the tool 10 is deformed when this tool is subjected to an application force towards the working surface 30.
  • the force 41 has a tendency to compress the interface 12 and, consequently, has a tendency to make the lateral surface 18 adopt a convex shape which results in a shearing effect in the vicinity of this lateral surface.
  • the deformation of the lateral surface 18 remains moderate, the belt 14 opposing the deformation of the surface 18.
  • the tool 10 'illustrated on the Figures 5 and 6 is similar to the tool 10 except that it has no belt 14.
  • the same numerical references as for the tool 10 but with an exponent are used.
  • the tool 10 is described in particular in the Japanese patent application 2000-317797 .
  • the figure 5 shows how the tool 10 'deforms when subjected to the displacement force 40.
  • the figure 6 shows how the tool 10 'is deformed when subjected to the application force 41 towards the surface 30.
  • the shearing effect in the vicinity of the surface 18 ' is thus much greater than in the vicinity of the surface 18, so that, as shown by the pressure distribution 32', there is a peak pressure in this vicinity, associated in some cases to a zone of less pressure.
  • the portion 21 of the lateral surface 18 which remains free between the end 20 of the belt 14 and the transverse surface 16 of the interface 12, the latter retains a deformation capacity sufficient for the pad 13 to conform to the shape from the surface 30.
  • the distance between the end 20 and the transverse surface 16 is slightly greater than half the thickness (distance between the surfaces 16 and 17) of the interface 12 in the absence of stress.
  • the distance between the surface 16 and the end 20 is between 30% and 70%, preferably of the order of 50%, of the thickness of the interface 12, in the absence of stress.
  • the tool 10 By increasing the lateral shear resistance provided by the belt 14, the tool 10 has a better overall behavior than the tool 10 '.
  • the tool 10 also makes it possible, all other conditions being equal, to implement more effective surfacing parameters, and in particular to increase the pressure and the speed.
  • the interface 112, the buffer 113 and the belt 114 are arranged as the interface 12, the buffer 13 and the belt 14, except that their diameter is much greater than that of the rigid support 111 and if it It is provided that elastic return means 50 and a deformable ring 51 interposed between the interface 112 and the return means 50.
  • the interface 112 has a central portion 112a which is at the right of the end surface 115 and a peripheral portion 112b which is transversely beyond the end surface 115.
  • the pad 113 has a central portion 113a which is at the right of the end surface 115 of the support 111 and a peripheral portion 113b which is transversely beyond the end surface 115.
  • the ring 51 is applied on the peripheral portion 112b on the same side as the support 111 so that it is surrounded by the ring 51.
  • the ring 51 is toric and arranged concentrically with the support 111.
  • the return means 50 are in the form of a star-shaped part comprising a central part and a plurality of branches forming each an elastically flexible strip extending radially in a transverse plane.
  • the star piece 50 is fixed to the support 111 by screws (not shown) whose rod is engaged in one of the threaded bores 52 provided in the support 111 while the head of these screws bears on the star part 50 on the opposite side to the support 111.
  • the tool 110 'illustrated on the figure 8 is similar to the tool 101 except that it does not have a belt 114.
  • the buffer 113 During surfacing, the buffer 113 'deforms by marrying the shape of the optical surface due to the deformation of the flexible strips of the starry part.
  • the removal of material takes place in majority to the right of the end surface 115', that is to say that the removal of material is carried out essentially by the part 113a 'of the buffer 113'.
  • peripheral parts 113b 'and 112b' of the buffer 113 and of the interface 112 they essentially have a stabilizing role, on the one hand, thanks to the increase in lift or seating of the tool 110 'with respect to a conventional tool whose buffer and interface would be limited to the central portions 113a 'and 112a' and, secondly, thanks to the return means 50 which maintain a permanent contact between the peripheral portion 113b 'of the buffer 113 and the surface optical 30.
  • the deformable ring 51 allows a smoothing of the distribution of stresses exerted on the peripheral periphery of the interface 112' and, consequently, on the pad 113 'by the lamellae of the starry part.
  • the belt 114 makes it possible to avoid these pressure peaks and to have, in the vicinity of the lateral surface 118, a pressure distribution having a shape close to the pressure distribution 32 in the vicinity of the side wall 18 of the tool 10 .
  • the belt 114 thus provides the tool 110 with beneficial effects similar to those provided to the tool 10 by the belt 14, both as regards the behavior with respect to the force applied to the surface 30 that vis-à-vis the effort 40 of displacement vis-à-vis this surface.
  • the interface 112 comprises a plate 55 of elastically compressible material, but more rigid than the body 56 which forms the rest of the interface 112.
  • the wafer 55 is interposed between the buffer 113 and the body 56, except for a peripheral portion 57 which surrounds the wafer 55.
  • the interface 112 is sufficiently compressible to fit the surface to be worked and to have, at the end surface 117, sufficient strength to allow the use of a particularly flexible buffer 113.
  • the peripheral portion 57 allows the periphery of the interface 112 to keep a deformation capacity avoiding edge effects.
  • the second variant of the tool 110 illustrated on the figure 10 is similar to the one shown on the figure 9 except that the peripheral portion 57 of the body 56 has a chamfer 58 to cut the edge between the end surface 117 and the side surface 118.
  • the chamfer 57 is favorable to the quality of the surface finish that allows to obtain the tool 110.
  • the chamfer 110 is replaced by a toric connection fillet.
  • the mode of cooperation between the elastic return means such as 50 and the interface such that 112 is different with for example the ring 51 which is replaced by a continuous peripheral part of the star part 50, as described in the French patent application 2,857,610 to which corresponds the US patent application 2006/0154581 .
  • a plate such as 55 and / or a sloped edge such as 58 are provided in a tool such as 10.
  • the pad 13 and the belt 14 are made in one piece by preforming a suitable material to give a cup-shaped shell 60 whose base wall forms the pad 13 and whose side wall forms the belt 14.
  • the shell 60 is obtained by thermoforming a plastic film or a cloth impregnated with plastic material.
  • a shell such as 60 is particularly useful for hard-to-fold materials that do not lend themselves to a belt such as 14 or 114 by raising the edges of a disk made of such material.
  • the subjection of the cup-shaped shell with the interface such as 12 or 112 is achieved by gluing, if this interface is manufactured separately, or directly when obtaining the interface by molding the latter in the shell.
  • the assembly formed by the buffer such as 13 or 113 and the belt such as 14 or 114 is obtained by overmolding the interface such as 12 or 112.
  • the buffer and the belt are for example of hard polyurethane foam of the LP type.
  • the assembly forming the pad such as 13 or 113 and the belt such as 14 or 114 is for example made in a chamois leather, a buffalo skin, a cloth polishing cloth or in the material marketed by the company TORAY under the name Cémoy ® , or a plastic film smooth or slightly structured (embossed).
  • the interface such as 12 or 112 is for example made of polyurethane foam with a density of 220 Kg / m 3 and a thickness of 9 to 12 mm.
  • optical surface 30 has been shown to be flat in the drawings to simplify the disclosure.
  • the optical surface 30 is not flat, but curved, with a shape that can be particularly complex, for example if it is one of the faces of a progressive lens of correction of the vision of a presbyopic, myopic and astigmatic carrier
  • the tool according to the invention can be used to surface, at optical quality, non-optical surfaces, for example one of the faces of a wafer of semiconductor material.
  • the buffer such as 13 or 113 does not cover the entire surface such as 17 or 117, for example because the pad is shaped in bloom with a solid core of which radially extend petals.
  • the buffer such as 13 or 113 and the belt 14 or 114 are not made in one piece but in two separate parts respectively subject to the end surface such as 17 or 117 and the lateral surface such as 18 or 118.
  • the co-operation between the surfacing tool and the spindle head of the machine to be surfaced is other than by a cavity such as 25 or 125; and / or the tool is rotated by the spindle on which it is mounted, for example by means of a universal joint.
  • the end surface such as 15 or 115 of the support such as 11 or 111 is concave or convex, instead of being flat.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
  • Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
  • Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
  • Treatments Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
  • Turning (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)
  • Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
  • Constituent Portions Of Griding Lathes, Driving, Sensing And Control (AREA)

Abstract

A surface device includes a rigid holder (11), an elastically compressible interface (12) connected to the rigid holder, a flexible pad (13) adapted to be applied onto the surface to be machined (30) and a flexible belt (14) applied against and partially covering the side surface (18) of the interface (12), an annular portion (21) of the side surface (18) of the interface (12) being free between the belt (14) and the holder (11).

Description

DOMAINE DE L'INVENTIONFIELD OF THE INVENTION

L'invention a trait au surfaçage à qualité optique, pour des surfaces telles qu'une face d'un verre ophtalmique ou d'une lentille d'appareil photographique ou d'un instrument destiné à l'observation des objets éloignés ou encore une face d'un substrat semi-conducteur.The invention relates to optical quality surfacing for surfaces such as a face of an ophthalmic lens or a camera lens or an instrument for observing distant objects or a face a semiconductor substrate.

Par surfaçage, on entend toute opération visant à modifier l'état d'une surface préalablement façonnée. Il s'agit notamment d'opérations de polissage, doucissage ou dépolissage visant à modifier (diminuer ou augmenter) la rugosité de la surface et/ou à en diminuer l'ondulation.Surfacing means any operation to modify the state of a previously shaped surface. These include polishing, grinding or etching operations to modify (decrease or increase) the roughness of the surface and / or to reduce the undulation.

ARRIERE-PLAN TECHNOLOGIQUEBACKGROUND

On connaît déjà, notamment par la demande de brevet japonais 2000-317797 , par la demande de brevet français 2 834 662 à laquelle correspond la demande de brevet américain 2005/0101235 et par la demande de brevet français 2 857 610 à laquelle correspond la demande de brevet américain 2006/0154581 , un outil de surfaçage d'une surface optique, comportant : un support rigide présentant une surface transversale d'extrémité ; une interface élastiquement compressible assujettie au support rigide et présentant une première surface transversale d'extrémité, une seconde surface transversale d'extrémité et une surface latérale s'étendant de la périphérie de la première surface d'extrémité à la périphérie de la seconde surface d'extrémité, ladite première surface d'extrémité de l'interface étant appliquée contre et recouvrant ladite surface d'extrémité du support rigide ; ainsi qu'un tampon flexible apte à être appliqué contre la surface optique et qui est appliqué contre et recouvre au moins en partie la seconde surface d'extrémité de l'interface à l'opposé et au droit de ladite surface d'extrémité du support rigide.We already know, especially by the Japanese patent application 2000-317797 , by the French patent application 2,834,662 to which corresponds the US patent application 2005/0101235 and by the French patent application 2,857,610 to which corresponds the US patent application 2006/0154581 , a tool for surfacing an optical surface, comprising: a rigid support having a transverse end surface; an elastically compressible interface secured to the rigid support and having a first end transverse surface, a second end transverse surface and a lateral surface extending from the periphery of the first end surface to the periphery of the second surface; end, said first end surface of the interface being applied against and covering said end surface of the rigid support; as well as a flexible pad adapted to be applied against the optical surface and which is applied against and covers at least in part the second end surface of the interface opposite and to the right of said end surface of the support rigid.

Pour diminuer la rugosité de la surface optique, on amène l'outil au contact de celle-ci en maintenant sur elle une pression suffisante de l'outil pour que, par déformation de l'interface, le tampon épouse la forme de la surface optique.In order to reduce the roughness of the optical surface, the tool is brought into contact with the latter while maintaining sufficient tool pressure on it so that, by deformation of the interface, the pad conforms to the shape of the optical surface. .

Tout en arrosant la surface optique au moyen d'un fluide, on l'entraîne en rotation par rapport à l'outil (ou réciproquement) et on la balaye au moyen de ce dernier.While watering the optical surface with a fluid, it is rotated relative to the tool (or reciprocally) and is scanned by means of the latter.

Généralement, on entraîne en rotation la surface optique, son frottement contre l'outil étant suffisant pour entraîner conjointement celui-ci en rotation.Generally, the optical surface is rotated, its friction against the tool being sufficient to jointly drive it in rotation.

L'opération de surfaçage nécessite un abrasif qui peut être contenu dans le tampon ou dans le fluide.The surfacing operation requires an abrasive that can be contained in the buffer or in the fluid.

Au cours du surfaçage, l'interface, élastiquement compressible, permet de compenser la différence de courbure entre la surface d'extrémité du support de l'outil et la surface optique.During surfacing, the elastically compressible interface compensates for the difference in curvature between the end surface of the tool support and the optical surface.

Les résultats procurés par ces outils sont en général satisfaisants, mais il est parfois difficile d'éviter certains défauts d'aspect, notamment l'effet de peau d'orange (en anglais : orange skin) et de moutonné (en anglais : cotton mouton).The results obtained by these tools are in general satisfactory, but it is sometimes difficult to avoid certain defects of appearance, in particular the effect of orange peel (in English: orange skin) and mutton (in English: sheep cotton ).

On a déjà proposé, notamment pas la demande de brevet européen EP 1777035 A2 , pour remédier à ces défauts d'aspect, de donner au tampon flexible un diamètre plus grand que le diamètre de l'interface de sorte que le tampon présente une portion annulaire saillant transversalement au-delà de l'interface.It has already been proposed, notably not the European patent application EP 1777035 A2 , to remedy these appearance defects, to give the flexible buffer a diameter greater than the diameter of the interface so that the buffer has an annular portion protruding transversely beyond the interface.

Cet outil procure une amélioration de l'aspect de surface, mais dans certaines circonstances, il subsiste encore de tels défauts d'aspect.This tool provides an improvement in surface appearance, but under certain circumstances, such appearance defects still exist.

OBJET DE L'INVENTIONOBJECT OF THE INVENTION

L'invention vise à fournir un outil de surfaçage particulièrement performant en matière de minimisation des défauts d'aspect.The aim of the invention is to provide a surfacing tool which is particularly efficient in terms of minimizing appearance defects.

Elle propose à cet effet un outil de surfaçage à qualité optique, comportant : un support rigide présentant une surface transversale d'extrémité ; une interface élastiquement compressible assujettie au support rigide et présentant une première surface transversale d'extrémité, une seconde surface transversale d'extrémité et une surface latérale s'étendant de la périphérie de la première surface d'extrémité à la périphérie de la seconde surface d'extrémité, ladite première surface d'extrémité de l'interface étant appliquée contre et recouvrant ladite surface d'extrémité du support rigide ; ainsi qu'un tampon flexible apte à être appliqué contre une surface à travailler et qui est appliqué contre et recouvre au moins en partie la seconde surface d'extrémité de l'interface à l'opposé et au droit de ladite surface d'extrémité du support rigide ; caractérisé en ce qu'une ceinture flexible est appliquée contre et recouvre en partie la surface latérale de l'interface, ladite ceinture s'étendant de la périphérie dudit tampon jusqu'à une extrémité libre, une portion annulaire de ladite surface latérale de l'interface étant libre entre ladite extrémité libre de ladite ceinture et la première surface d'extrémité de l'interface.It proposes for this purpose an optical quality surfacing tool, comprising: a rigid support having a transverse end surface; an elastically compressible interface secured to the rigid support and having a first end transverse surface, a second end transverse surface and a lateral surface extending from the periphery of the first end surface to the periphery of the second surface; end, said first end surface of the interface being applied against and covering said end surface of the rigid support; as well as a flexible pad which can be applied against a surface to be worked and which is applied against and covers at least in part the second end surface of the interface opposite and to the right of said end surface of the rigid support; characterized in that a flexible belt is applied against and partially overlies the lateral surface of the interface, said belt extending from the periphery of said pad to a free end, an annular portion of said lateral surface of the interface being free between said free end of said belt and the first end surface of the interface.

La ceinture flexible s'oppose à l'extension latérale de l'interface.The flexible belt opposes the lateral extension of the interface.

Ainsi, lorsque l'outil est soumis à un effort d'application vers la surface à travailler, la ceinture flexible contraint la pression à se répartir de façon relativement uniforme sous l'outil de surfaçage et en particulier au niveau des bords où les pics de pression sont évités.Thus, when the tool is subjected to an application force towards the surface to be worked, the flexible belt forces the pressure to be distributed relatively uniformly under the surfacing tool and in particular at the edges where the peaks of pressure are avoided.

La ceinture flexible limite également les déformations de l'interface dues aux efforts de déplacement de l'outil vis-à-vis de la surface à travailler.The flexible belt also limits the deformations of the interface due to the efforts of movement of the tool vis-à-vis the surface to work.

La portion annulaire libre de la surface latérale de l'interface permet néanmoins à cette dernière de conserver une capacité de déformation suffisante pour que le tampon puisse épouser la forme de la surface à travailler.The free annular portion of the lateral surface of the interface nevertheless allows the latter to retain sufficient deformation capacity so that the pad can match the shape of the surface to be worked.

Le caractère flexible de la ceinture participe également à cette capacité de déformation tandis que la localisation de la ceinture entre la périphérie du tampon et la portion annulaire libre de la surface latérale du tampon est particulièrement avantageuse pour limiter le renflement latéral pris par le tampon lorsque l'outil est soumis à une force d'application vers la surface à travailler, et ceci d'autant plus que le diamètre de l'outil est élevé.The flexible nature of the belt also contributes to this deformation capacity while the location of the belt between the periphery of the buffer and the free annular portion of the lateral surface of the buffer is particularly advantageous for limiting the lateral bulge taken by the buffer when the The tool is subjected to an application force towards the surface to be worked, and this especially as the diameter of the tool is high.

Ainsi, d'une façon générale, l'outil selon l'invention présente un meilleur comportement que les outils antérieurs, qui ne comportent pas de ceinture flexible.Thus, in general, the tool according to the invention has a better behavior than the previous tools, which do not have a flexible belt.

Cela permet, toutes conditions étant égales par ailleurs, d'obtenir un meilleur état de surface et notamment de réduire les effets de peau d'orange et de moutonné.This allows, all other conditions being equal, to obtain a better surface condition and in particular to reduce the effects of orange peel and sheep skin.

L'outil selon l'invention permet également, toutes conditions étant égales par ailleurs, de mettre en oeuvre des paramètres de surfaçage plus efficaces, et notamment d'augmenter la pression et la vitesse.The tool according to the invention also makes it possible, all other conditions being equal, to implement more effective surfacing parameters, and in particular to increase the pressure and the speed.

Selon des caractéristiques préférées, ladite ceinture est faite d'une seule pièce avec le tampon.According to preferred features, said belt is made in one piece with the pad.

L'obtention de l'outil selon l'invention est ainsi particulièrement simple et commode tandis qu'il existe entre le tampon et la ceinture une continuité favorable à la durabilité de l'outil et à la qualité du surfaçage effectué.Obtaining the tool according to the invention is thus particularly simple and convenient while there is between the buffer and the belt a continuity favorable to the durability of the tool and the quality of surfacing performed.

De préférence, pour les mêmes raisons :

  • ladite ceinture est formée par un bord relevé par pliage en périphérie du tampon ;
  • ladite ceinture présente des encoches à contour en V pointant vers ledit tampon ;
  • l'outil comporte une coque en forme de coupelle dont la paroi de fond forme ledit tampon et dont la paroi latérale forme ladite ceinture ;
  • ladite interface est en matériau moulé sur ladite coque ;
  • ladite ceinture est collée sur ladite interface ;
  • ladite ceinture est en matériau moulé sur ladite interface ;
  • ladite interface comporte une plaquette en matière élastiquement compressible, mais plus rigide que le corps qui forme le reste de ladite interface, ladite plaquette étant interposée entre ledit tampon et ledit corps ;
  • ledit corps présente une portion périphérique qui entoure ladite plaquette ; et/ou
  • ladite portion périphérique de l'interface présente une arête abattue entre ladite seconde surface d'extrémité et ladite surface latérale.
Preferably, for the same reasons:
  • said belt is formed by a folded edge at the periphery of the pad;
  • said belt has V-shaped notches pointing to said buffer;
  • the tool comprises a cup-shaped shell whose bottom wall forms said buffer and whose side wall forms said belt;
  • said interface is of material molded on said shell;
  • said belt is glued to said interface;
  • said belt is of molded material on said interface;
  • said interface comprises a plate of elastically compressible material, but more rigid than the body which forms the remainder of said interface, said plate being interposed between said buffer and said body;
  • said body has a peripheral portion which surrounds said wafer; and or
  • said peripheral portion of the interface has a sloped edge between said second end surface and said side surface.

Selon d'autres caractéristiques préférées, pour la qualité des résultats obtenus, la distance entre ladite extrémité de ladite ceinture et ladite première surface d'extrémité est comprise entre 30% et 70% de la distance entre ladite première surface d'extrémité et ladite seconde surface d'extrémité de l'interface.According to other preferred features, for the quality of the results obtained, the distance between said end of said belt and said first end surface is between 30% and 70% of the distance between said first end surface and said second end surface. end surface of the interface.

Dans un premier mode de réalisation préféré, ledit support, ladite interface et ledit tampon ont un diamètre semblable.In a first preferred embodiment, said support, said interface and said buffer have a similar diameter.

Dans un deuxième mode de réalisation préféré, ladite interface et ledit tampon ont un diamètre semblable plus élevé que le diamètre dudit support, ledit outil comportant en outre des moyens de rappel élastique disposés entre ledit support rigide et la périphérie de ladite interface.In a second preferred embodiment, said interface and said buffer have a similar diameter greater than the diameter of said support, said tool further comprising elastic return means disposed between said rigid support and the periphery of said interface.

BREVE DESCRIPTION DES DESSINSBRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

L'exposé de l'invention sera maintenant poursuivi par la description détaillée d'exemples préférés de réalisation, donnée ci-après à titre illustratif et non limitatif, en référence aux dessins annexés. Sur ceux-ci :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en élévation d'un premier mode de réalisation d'un outil de surfaçage conforme à l'invention ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue semblable à la figure 1, mais en coupe ;
  • les figures 3 et 4 sont des vues semblables à la figure 2, mais montrant comment se déforme l'outil lorsqu'il est soumis à un effort de déplacement le long de la surface à travailler et lorsqu'il est soumis à un effort d'application vers la surface à travailler, respectivement ;
  • les figures 5 et 6 sont des vues semblables aux figures 3 et 4, respectivement, mais pour un outil selon l'état de la technique ;
  • les figures 7 et 8 sont des vues semblables aux figures 2 et 6, respectivement, pour un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'outil conforme à l'invention ;
  • les figures 9 et 10 sont des vues semblables à la figure 7, respectivement pour une première et pour une deuxième variante du deuxième mode de réalisation de l'outil selon l'invention ;
  • la figure 11 est une vue semblable à la figure 1 pour une variante du premier mode de réalisation de l'outil selon l'invention ; et
  • la figure 12 montre de façon isolée la coque que comporte cette variante de l'outil pour former le tampon flexible et la ceinture flexible.
The disclosure of the invention will now be continued by the detailed description of preferred embodiments, given below by way of illustration and not limitation, with reference to the accompanying drawings. On these:
  • the figure 1 is an elevational view of a first embodiment of a surfacing tool according to the invention;
  • the figure 2 is a view similar to the figure 1 but in section;
  • the figures 3 and 4 are views similar to the figure 2 but showing how the tool is deformed when it is subjected to a displacement force along the surface to be worked and when it is subjected to an application force towards the surface to be worked, respectively;
  • the Figures 5 and 6 are views similar to figures 3 and 4 , respectively, but for a tool according to the state of the art;
  • the Figures 7 and 8 are views similar to figures 2 and 6 , respectively, for a second embodiment of the tool according to the invention;
  • the figures 9 and 10 are views similar to the figure 7 , respectively for a first and for a second variant of the second embodiment of the tool according to the invention;
  • the figure 11 is a view similar to the figure 1 for a variant of the first embodiment of the tool according to the invention; and
  • the figure 12 shows in isolation the shell that includes this variant of the tool to form the flexible buffer and the flexible belt.

L'outil 10 illustré sur les figures 1 à 4 comporte un support rigide 11, une interface élastiquement compressible 12, un tampon flexible 13 et une ceinture flexible 14.The tool 10 illustrated on the Figures 1 to 4 comprises a rigid support 11, an elastically compressible interface 12, a flexible buffer 13 and a flexible belt 14.

Le support 11, et plus généralement l'outil 10, est globalement cylindrique à symétrie de révolution et présente un axe de symétrie noté X qui définit une direction dite longitudinale.The support 11, and more generally the tool 10, is generally cylindrical with symmetry of revolution and has an axis of symmetry denoted X which defines a so-called longitudinal direction.

Le support 11 présente une surface d'extrémité 15.The support 11 has an end surface 15.

L'interface 12 présente une première surface d'extrémité 16, une seconde surface d'extrémité 17 et une surface latérale 18 s'étendant de la périphérie de la surface 16 à la périphérie de la surface 17.The interface 12 has a first end surface 16, a second end surface 17 and a side surface 18 extending from the periphery of the surface 16 to the periphery of the surface 17.

La surface 15 s'étend transversalement et est ici plane.The surface 15 extends transversely and is here flat.

En l'absence de contrainte, l'interface 12 et le tampon 13 ont la forme générale d'un disque de même diamètre que la surface 15, avec l'épaisseur de l'interface 12 qui est plus élevée que l'épaisseur du tampon 13.In the absence of stress, the interface 12 and the buffer 13 have the general shape of a disc of the same diameter as the surface 15, with the thickness of the interface 12 which is higher than the thickness of the buffer 13.

L'interface 12, par sa surface 16, est appliquée contre et recouvre la surface 15 du support 11.The interface 12, by its surface 16, is applied against and covers the surface 15 of the support 11.

Le tampon 13 est appliqué contre et recouvre la surface 17 de l'interface 12.The buffer 13 is applied against and covers the surface 17 of the interface 12.

Ainsi, le support 11 et le tampon 13 se trouvent de part et d'autre de l'interface 12.Thus, the support 11 and the buffer 13 are located on either side of the interface 12.

La ceinture 14 s'étend de la périphérie du tampon 13 jusqu'à une extrémité libre 20, une portion annulaire 21 de la surface latérale 18 étant libre entre l'extrémité 20 de la ceinture 14 et la surface 16 de l'interface 12.The belt 14 extends from the periphery of the pad 13 to a free end 20, an annular portion 21 of the lateral surface 18 being free between the end 20 of the belt 14 and the surface 16 of the interface 12.

La ceinture 14 et le tampon 13 sont obtenus à partir d'un disque de matière flexible d'épaisseur uniforme dont une bande périphérique annulaire, destinée à devenir la ceinture 14, présente à intervalles réguliers des entailles qui deviennent les entailles 22 lorsque cette bande annulaire est relevée pour devenir la ceinture 14. Les entailles 22 présentent un contour en V pointant vers le tampon 13.The belt 14 and the pad 13 are obtained from a flexible material disc of uniform thickness, an annular peripheral band, intended to become the belt 14, has at regular intervals notches which become the notches 22 when the annular band is raised to become the belt 14. The notches 22 have a V-shaped contour pointing to the pad 13.

L'assujettissement entre le support 11 et l'interface 12 se fait ici par collage sur la totalité des surfaces 15 et 16. L'assujettissement entre l'ensemble d'une seule pièce formé par le tampon 13 et par la ceinture 14 est ici réalisé par collage de la totalité du tampon 13 et de la ceinture 14 sur les surfaces 17 et 18.The fastening between the support 11 and the interface 12 is done here by gluing on all the surfaces 15 and 16. The subjection between the whole of a single piece formed by the pad 13 and the belt 14 is here achieved by bonding the entire pad 13 and the belt 14 on the surfaces 17 and 18.

Le support 11 présente une cavité 25 débouchant à l'opposé de la surface d'extrémité 15 et s'étendant axialement sur une partie de l'épaisseur du support 11.The support 11 has a cavity 25 opening away from the end surface 15 and extending axially over a portion of the thickness of the support 11.

La cavité 25 est disposée de façon centrale et est prévue pour le montage de l'outil 10 sur la tête de la broche d'une machine de surfaçage.The cavity 25 is centrally disposed and is provided for mounting the tool 10 on the spindle head of a surfacing machine.

La cavité 25 présente une portion sphérique 26 conformée globalement comme les trois quart d'une sphère, une nervure annulaire 27 et une portion tronconique 28, la nervure annulaire 27 étant disposée entre les portions 26 et 28.The cavity 25 has a spherical portion 26 generally formed as three quarters of a sphere, an annular rib 27 and a frustoconical portion 28, the annular rib 27 being disposed between the portions 26 and 28.

La tête de broche prévue pour être accueillie dans la cavité 25 comporte une extrémité en portion de sphère conformée comme la portion 26 et une portion cylindrique de plus petit diamètre que la nervure 27.The spindle head intended to be accommodated in the cavity 25 has a spherical portion end shaped as the portion 26 and a cylindrical portion of smaller diameter than the rib 27.

L'assemblage entre le support 11 et la broche de la machine se fait par simple encliquetage, la nervure étant capable de se déformer pour que la partie sphérique de la tête de broche se loge dans la portion 26.The assembly between the support 11 and the spindle of the machine is done by simple snapping, the rib being able to deform so that the spherical portion of the spindle head is housed in the portion 26.

Lorsque la tête de broche est engagée dans la cavité 25, l'outil 10 coopère en liaison rotule par rapport à la broche.When the spindle head is engaged in the cavity 25, the tool 10 cooperates in ball joint relation to the spindle.

Pour simplifier l'exposé, l'outil 10 est montré appliqué sur une surface optique 30 qui est plane, mais il est bien entendu qu'en pratique une surface optique est incurvée (concave ou convexe).To simplify the disclosure, the tool 10 is shown applied to an optical surface 30 which is planar, but it is understood that in practice an optical surface is curved (concave or convex).

Pour effectuer une opération de surfaçage, la lentille 31 à laquelle appartient la surface 30 est montée sur un support rotatif (non représenté) et l'outil 10 est appliqué contre la surface 30 avec une force suffisante pour que le tampon 13 épouse sa forme.To perform a surfacing operation, the lens 31 to which the surface 30 belongs is mounted on a rotatable support (not shown) and the tool 10 is applied against the surface 30 with sufficient force for the pad 13 to conform to its shape.

L'outil 10 est ici, quant à lui, libre en rotation en étant toutefois décentré par rapport à la surface optique 30.The tool 10 is here, for its part, free in rotation while being off-center with respect to the optical surface 30.

Le frottement relatif de la surface optique 30 et du tampon 13 suffit à entraîner en rotation l'outil 10 dans le même sens que celui de la lentille 31, autour de l'axe X de symétrie du support 11.The relative friction of the optical surface 30 and the pad 13 is sufficient to rotate the tool 10 in the same direction as that of the lens 31, about the axis X of symmetry of the support 11.

On arrose la surface optique 30 avec un fluide d'arrosage non abrasif ou abrasif, selon que le tampon exerce ou non par lui-même cette fonction.The optical surface 30 is sprinkled with a non-abrasive or abrasive watering medium, depending on whether or not the pad performs this function.

Afin de balayer la totalité de la surface optique 2, l'outil 10 est déplacé au cours du surfaçage suivant une trajectoire radiale, le point d'intersection de l'axe de rotation X de l'outil 11 avec la surface optique 11 effectuant un mouvement de va-et-vient entre deux points de rebroussement.In order to scan the entire optical surface 2, the tool 10 is moved during the surfacing along a radial path, the point of intersection of the axis of rotation X of the tool 11 with the optical surface 11 effecting a surface. movement back and forth between two cusp points.

Ainsi, au cours du travail de surfaçage, l'outil 11 est soumis, par rapport à la lentille 31, à la fois à des efforts d'application vers la surface à travailler 30 et à des efforts de déplacement le long de cette surface.Thus, during the surfacing work, the tool 11 is subjected, relative to the lens 31, both to application forces to the surface to be worked 30 and to displacement forces along this surface.

La figure 3 montre comment se déforme l'outil 10 lorsque cet outil est soumis à un effort de déplacement 40 le long de la surface à travailler 30.The figure 3 shows how the tool 10 is deformed when this tool is subjected to a displacement force 40 along the surface to be worked 30.

Bien entendu, le support 11, du fait qu'il est rigide, ne subit aucune déformation.Of course, the support 11, because it is rigid, undergoes no deformation.

En revanche, l'interface 12, qui est élastiquement compressible, ainsi que le tampon 13 et la ceinture 14, qui sont flexibles, sont susceptibles de se déformer.On the other hand, the interface 12, which is elastically compressible, as well as the pad 13 and the belt 14, which are flexible, are liable to deform.

L'exercice de l'effort de déplacement 40 a tendance à créer un décalage transversal entre le tampon 13 et le support 11.The exercise of the displacement force 40 tends to create a transverse shift between the pad 13 and the support 11.

Ainsi, dans l'exemple illustré, où l'effort 40 est dirigé vers la droite du dessin, le tampon 13 est légèrement décalé par rapport au support 11 vers la gauche du dessin.Thus, in the illustrated example, where the force 40 is directed to the right of the drawing, the pad 13 is slightly offset relative to the support 11 to the left of the drawing.

On voit que c'est essentiellement la portion de l'interface 12 située entre la surface 16 et l'extrémité 20 de la ceinture 14 qui se déforme.We see that it is essentially the portion of the interface 12 between the surface 16 and the end 20 of the belt 14 which is deformed.

La portion de l'interface 12 entourée par la ceinture 14 se déforme peu ou pas du tout, la ceinture 14 s'opposant à la déformation de la surface latérale de l'interface 12.The portion of the interface 12 surrounded by the belt 14 is deformed little or not at all, the belt 14 opposing the deformation of the lateral surface of the interface 12.

La figure 4 montre comment se déforme l'outil 10 lorsque cet outil est soumis à un effort 41 d'application vers la surface à travailler 30.The figure 4 shows how the tool 10 is deformed when this tool is subjected to an application force towards the working surface 30.

L'effort 41 a tendance à comprimer l'interface 12 et, en conséquence, a tendance à faire prendre à la surface latérale 18 une forme bombée dont il résulte un effet de cisaillement au voisinage de cette surface latérale.The force 41 has a tendency to compress the interface 12 and, consequently, has a tendency to make the lateral surface 18 adopt a convex shape which results in a shearing effect in the vicinity of this lateral surface.

Grâce à la ceinture 14, la déformation de la surface latérale 18 reste modérée, la ceinture 14 s'opposant à la déformation de la surface 18.Thanks to the belt 14, the deformation of the lateral surface 18 remains moderate, the belt 14 opposing the deformation of the surface 18.

Sur la figure 4, on a représenté la répartition 32 de la pression exercée par l'outil 10 sur la surface 30.On the figure 4 , the distribution 32 of the pressure exerted by the tool 10 on the surface 30 is represented.

On voit que cette pression est relativement uniforme avec une légère croissance vers la périphérie de l'outil.It can be seen that this pressure is relatively uniform with slight growth towards the periphery of the tool.

L'outil 10' illustré sur les figures 5 et 6 est semblable à l'outil 10 si ce n'est qu'il ne comporte pas de ceinture 14. On a employé les mêmes références numériques que pour l'outil 10 mais affectées d'un exposant'.The tool 10 'illustrated on the Figures 5 and 6 is similar to the tool 10 except that it has no belt 14. The same numerical references as for the tool 10 but with an exponent are used.

L'outil 10' est décrit notamment dans la demande de brevet japonais 2000-317797 .The tool 10 'is described in particular in the Japanese patent application 2000-317797 .

La figure 5 montre comment se déforme l'outil 10' lorsqu'il est soumis à l'effort de déplacement 40.The figure 5 shows how the tool 10 'deforms when subjected to the displacement force 40.

En comparant les figures 3 et 5, on voit que le décalage transversal entre le tampon 13' et le support 11' est bien plus important que le décalage transversal entre le tampon 13 et le support 11.Comparing the figures 3 and 5 it can be seen that the transverse offset between the pad 13 'and the support 11' is much greater than the transverse offset between the pad 13 and the support 11.

La figure 6 montre comment se déforme l'outil 10' lorsqu'il est soumis à l'effort 41 d'application vers la surface 30.The figure 6 shows how the tool 10 'is deformed when subjected to the application force 41 towards the surface 30.

En comparant les figures 4 et 6, on voit que la surface latérale 18' de l'interface 12' est bien davantage bombée.Comparing the Figures 4 and 6 it can be seen that the lateral surface 18 'of the interface 12' is much more curved.

L'effet de cisaillement au voisinage de la surface 18' est ainsi bien plus important qu'au voisinage de la surface 18, de sorte que, comme le montre la répartition de pression 32', il existe un pic de pression à ce voisinage, associé dans certains cas à une zone de moindre pression.The shearing effect in the vicinity of the surface 18 'is thus much greater than in the vicinity of the surface 18, so that, as shown by the pressure distribution 32', there is a peak pressure in this vicinity, associated in some cases to a zone of less pressure.

La ceinture 14, en s'opposant à l'extension latérale de l'interface 12, contraint ainsi la pression à mieux se répartir sous l'outil 10.The belt 14, opposing the lateral extension of the interface 12, thus forces the pressure to be better distributed under the tool 10.

Grâce à la portion 21 de la surface latérale 18 qui reste libre entre l'extrémité 20 de la ceinture 14 et la surface transversale 16 de l'interface 12, cette dernière conserve une capacité de déformation suffisante pour que le tampon 13 puisse épouser la forme de la surface 30.Thanks to the portion 21 of the lateral surface 18 which remains free between the end 20 of the belt 14 and the transverse surface 16 of the interface 12, the latter retains a deformation capacity sufficient for the pad 13 to conform to the shape from the surface 30.

Dans l'exemple illustré, la distance existant entre l'extrémité 20 et la surface transversale 16 est légèrement supérieure à la moitié de l'épaisseur (distance entre les surfaces 16 et 17) de l'interface 12 en l'absence de contrainte.In the illustrated example, the distance between the end 20 and the transverse surface 16 is slightly greater than half the thickness (distance between the surfaces 16 and 17) of the interface 12 in the absence of stress.

En pratique, la distance entre la surface 16 et l'extrémité 20 est comprise entre 30% et 70%, de préférence de l'ordre de 50%, de l'épaisseur de l'interface 12, en l'absence de contrainte.In practice, the distance between the surface 16 and the end 20 is between 30% and 70%, preferably of the order of 50%, of the thickness of the interface 12, in the absence of stress.

Grâce à l'augmentation de la résistance au cisaillement latéral que procure la ceinture 14, l'outil 10 présente un meilleur comportement général que l'outil 10'.By increasing the lateral shear resistance provided by the belt 14, the tool 10 has a better overall behavior than the tool 10 '.

Cela permet, toutes conditions étant égales par ailleurs, d'obtenir un meilleur état de surface et notamment de réduire les effets de peau d'orange et de moutonné susceptibles d'être provoqués par les pics de pression au voisinage des bords de l'outil.This makes it possible, all other conditions being equal, to obtain a better surface condition and in particular to reduce the effects of orange peel and sheen skin that may be caused by pressure peaks near the edges of the tool. .

L'outil 10 permet également, toutes conditions étant égales par ailleurs, de mettre en oeuvre des paramètres de surfaçage plus efficaces, et notamment d'augmenter la pression et la vitesse.The tool 10 also makes it possible, all other conditions being equal, to implement more effective surfacing parameters, and in particular to increase the pressure and the speed.

On va maintenant décrire à l'appui de la figure 7 une variante 110 de l'outil 10. On a employé pour les éléments similaires les mêmes références numériques mais augmentées de 100.We will now describe in support of the figure 7 a variant 110 of the tool 10. The same reference numerals have been used for the similar elements but increased by 100.

L'interface 112, le tampon 113 et la ceinture 114 sont agencés comme l'interface 12, le tampon 13 et la ceinture 14, si ce n'est que leur diamètre est bien plus grand que celui du support rigide 111 et si ce n'est qu'il est prévu des moyens de rappel élastique 50 et un anneau déformable 51 interposé entre l'interface 112 et les moyens de rappel 50.The interface 112, the buffer 113 and the belt 114 are arranged as the interface 12, the buffer 13 and the belt 14, except that their diameter is much greater than that of the rigid support 111 and if it It is provided that elastic return means 50 and a deformable ring 51 interposed between the interface 112 and the return means 50.

Du fait que le diamètre de l'interface 112 est bien plus grand que celui du support 111, l'interface 112 comporte une partie centrale 112a qui se trouve au droit de la surface d'extrémité 115 et une partie périphérique 112b qui se trouve transversalement au-delà de la surface d'extrémité 115.Because the diameter of the interface 112 is much greater than that of the carrier 111, the interface 112 has a central portion 112a which is at the right of the end surface 115 and a peripheral portion 112b which is transversely beyond the end surface 115.

De même, le tampon 113 présente une partie centrale 113a qui se trouve au droit de la surface d'extrémité 115 du support 111 et une partie périphérique 113b qui se trouve transversalement au-delà de la surface d'extrémité 115.Likewise, the pad 113 has a central portion 113a which is at the right of the end surface 115 of the support 111 and a peripheral portion 113b which is transversely beyond the end surface 115.

L'anneau 51 est appliqué sur la partie périphérique 112b du même côté que le support 111 de telle sorte que celui-ci est entouré par l'anneau 51.The ring 51 is applied on the peripheral portion 112b on the same side as the support 111 so that it is surrounded by the ring 51.

Ici, l'anneau 51 est torique et disposé de manière concentrique avec le support 111.Here, the ring 51 is toric and arranged concentrically with the support 111.

Les moyens de rappel 50 se présentent sous la forme d'une pièce étoilée comportant une partie centrale et une pluralité de branches formant chacune une lamelle élastiquement flexible étendue radialement dans un plan transversal.The return means 50 are in the form of a star-shaped part comprising a central part and a plurality of branches forming each an elastically flexible strip extending radially in a transverse plane.

La pièce étoilée 50 est fixée au support 111 grâce à des vis (non représentées) dont la tige est engagée dans l'un des alésages taraudés 52 prévus dans le support 111 tandis que la tête de ces vis est en appui sur la pièce étoilée 50 du côté opposé au support 111.The star piece 50 is fixed to the support 111 by screws (not shown) whose rod is engaged in one of the threaded bores 52 provided in the support 111 while the head of these screws bears on the star part 50 on the opposite side to the support 111.

L'outil 110' illustré sur la figure 8 est semblable à l'outil 101 si ce n'est qu'il ne comporte pas de ceinture 114. On a employé les mêmes références numériques que pour l'outil 101, mais affectées d'un exposant'.The tool 110 'illustrated on the figure 8 is similar to the tool 101 except that it does not have a belt 114. The same numerical references as for the tool 101, but with an exponent 'have been used.

L'outil 101' est décrit notamment dans la demande de brevet français 2 834 662 , à laquelle correspond la demande de brevet américain 2005/0101235 .The tool 101 'is described in particular in the French patent application 2,834,662 , to which corresponds the US patent application 2005/0101235 .

Lors du surfaçage, le tampon 113' se déforme en épousant la forme de la surface optique grâce à la déformation des lamelles flexibles de la pièce étoilée.During surfacing, the buffer 113 'deforms by marrying the shape of the optical surface due to the deformation of the flexible strips of the starry part.

Compte-tenu de la rigidité du support 111', l'enlèvement de matière a lieu en majorité au droit de la surface d'extrémité 115', c'est-à-dire que l'enlèvement de matière est effectué essentiellement par la partie centrale 113a' du tampon 113'.Given the rigidity of the support 111 ', the removal of material takes place in majority to the right of the end surface 115', that is to say that the removal of material is carried out essentially by the part 113a 'of the buffer 113'.

Quant aux parties périphériques, 113b' et 112b' du tampon 113 et de l'interface 112, elles ont essentiellement un rôle stabilisateur, d'une part, grâce à l'accroissement de portance ou assise de l'outil 110' par rapport à un outil classique dont le tampon et l'interface seraient limités aux parties centrales 113a' et 112a' et, d'autre part, grâce aux moyens de rappel 50 qui maintiennent un contact permanent entre la partie périphérique 113b' du tampon 113 et la surface optique 30.As for the peripheral parts 113b 'and 112b' of the buffer 113 and of the interface 112, they essentially have a stabilizing role, on the one hand, thanks to the increase in lift or seating of the tool 110 'with respect to a conventional tool whose buffer and interface would be limited to the central portions 113a 'and 112a' and, secondly, thanks to the return means 50 which maintain a permanent contact between the peripheral portion 113b 'of the buffer 113 and the surface optical 30.

L'anneau déformable 51' permet un lissage de la distribution de contraintes exercées sur le pourtour périphérique de l'interface 112' et, en conséquence, sur le tampon 113' par les lamelles de la pièce étoilée.The deformable ring 51 'allows a smoothing of the distribution of stresses exerted on the peripheral periphery of the interface 112' and, consequently, on the pad 113 'by the lamellae of the starry part.

Ainsi que montré par la répartition 132' de la pression exercée sur la surface 30 par l'outil 110', il existe, pour les mêmes raisons que pour l'outil 10', des pics de pression au voisinage de la surface latérale 118'.As shown by the distribution 132 'of the pressure exerted on the surface 30 by the tool 110', there exist, for the same reasons as for the tool 10 ', pressure peaks in the vicinity of the lateral surface 118' .

La ceinture 114 permet d'éviter ces pics de pression et d'avoir, au voisinage de la surface latérale 118, une répartition de pression ayant une forme proche de la répartition de pression 32 au voisinage de la paroi latérale 18 de l'outil 10.The belt 114 makes it possible to avoid these pressure peaks and to have, in the vicinity of the lateral surface 118, a pressure distribution having a shape close to the pressure distribution 32 in the vicinity of the side wall 18 of the tool 10 .

La ceinture 114 procure ainsi à l'outil 110 des effets bénéfiques semblables à ceux procurés à l'outil 10 par la ceinture 14, tant en ce qui concerne le comportement vis-à-vis de l'effort 41 d'application vers la surface 30 que vis-à-vis de l'effort 40 de déplacement vis-à-vis de cette surface.The belt 114 thus provides the tool 110 with beneficial effects similar to those provided to the tool 10 by the belt 14, both as regards the behavior with respect to the force applied to the surface 30 that vis-à-vis the effort 40 of displacement vis-à-vis this surface.

Dans la variante de l'outil 110 illustré sur la figure 9, l'interface 112 comporte une plaquette 55 en matière élastiquement compressible, mais plus rigide que le corps 56 qui forme le reste de l'interface 112.In the variant of the tool 110 illustrated on the figure 9 , the interface 112 comprises a plate 55 of elastically compressible material, but more rigid than the body 56 which forms the rest of the interface 112.

La plaquette 55 est interposée entre le tampon 113 et le corps 56, à l'exception d'une portion périphérique 57 qui entoure la plaquette 55.The wafer 55 is interposed between the buffer 113 and the body 56, except for a peripheral portion 57 which surrounds the wafer 55.

Grâce à la plaquette 55, l'interface 112 est suffisamment compressible pour épouser la surface à travailler et pour avoir, au niveau de la surface d'extrémité 117, une tenue suffisante pour permettre l'utilisation d'un tampon 113 particulièrement flexible.With the plate 55, the interface 112 is sufficiently compressible to fit the surface to be worked and to have, at the end surface 117, sufficient strength to allow the use of a particularly flexible buffer 113.

La portion périphérique 57 permet à la périphérie de l'interface 112 de garder une capacité de déformation évitant les effets de bord.The peripheral portion 57 allows the periphery of the interface 112 to keep a deformation capacity avoiding edge effects.

La deuxième variante de l'outil 110 illustrée sur la figure 10 est semblable à celle illustrée sur la figure 9, si ce n'est que la portion périphérique 57 du corps 56 présente un chanfrein 58 pour abattre l'arrête entre la surface d'extrémité 117 et la surface latérale 118. Le chanfrein 57 est favorable à la qualité de l'état de surface que permet d'obtenir l'outil 110.The second variant of the tool 110 illustrated on the figure 10 is similar to the one shown on the figure 9 except that the peripheral portion 57 of the body 56 has a chamfer 58 to cut the edge between the end surface 117 and the side surface 118. The chamfer 57 is favorable to the quality of the surface finish that allows to obtain the tool 110.

Dans une autre variante, non représentée, le chanfrein 110 est remplacé par un congé de raccordement torique.In another variant, not shown, the chamfer 110 is replaced by a toric connection fillet.

Dans des variantes non représentées, le mode de coopération entre les moyens de rappel élastique tels que 50 et l'interface telle que 112 est différent, avec par exemple l'anneau 51 qui est remplacé par une partie périphérique continue de la pièce étoilée 50, ainsi que décrit dans la demande de brevet français 2 857 610 à laquelle correspond la demande de brevet américain 2006/0154581 .In variants not shown, the mode of cooperation between the elastic return means such as 50 and the interface such that 112 is different, with for example the ring 51 which is replaced by a continuous peripheral part of the star part 50, as described in the French patent application 2,857,610 to which corresponds the US patent application 2006/0154581 .

Dans des variantes non représentées, une plaquette telle que 55 et/ou une arête abattue telle que 58 sont prévues dans un outil tel que 10.In variants not shown, a plate such as 55 and / or a sloped edge such as 58 are provided in a tool such as 10.

Dans la variante de l'outil 10 illustrée sur la figure 11, le tampon 13 et la ceinture 14 sont faits d'une seule pièce par préformage d'un matériau approprié pour donner une coque 60 en forme de coupelle dont la paroi de base forme le tampon 13 et dont la paroi latérale forme la ceinture 14.In the variant of the tool 10 illustrated on the figure 11 , the pad 13 and the belt 14 are made in one piece by preforming a suitable material to give a cup-shaped shell 60 whose base wall forms the pad 13 and whose side wall forms the belt 14.

Ici, la coque 60 est obtenue par thermoformage d'un film de matière plastique ou d'un tissu imprégné de matière plastique.Here, the shell 60 is obtained by thermoforming a plastic film or a cloth impregnated with plastic material.

Bien entendu, il est possible d'utiliser une coque telle que 60 dans l'outil 110.Of course, it is possible to use a shell such as 60 in the tool 110.

La prévision d'une coque telle que 60 est particulièrement intéressante pour les matériaux difficiles à plier qui ne se prêtent pas à l'obtention d'une ceinture telle que 14 ou 114 par relèvement des bords d'un disque fait dans un tel matériau.The provision of a shell such as 60 is particularly useful for hard-to-fold materials that do not lend themselves to a belt such as 14 or 114 by raising the edges of a disk made of such material.

L'assujettissement de la coque en forme de coupelle avec l'interface telle que 12 ou 112 est réalisé par collage, si cette interface est fabriquée séparément, ou bien directement lors de l'obtention de l'interface par moulage de cette dernière dans la coque.The subjection of the cup-shaped shell with the interface such as 12 or 112 is achieved by gluing, if this interface is manufactured separately, or directly when obtaining the interface by molding the latter in the shell.

Dans une variante non représentée, l'ensemble formé par le tampon tel que 13 ou 113 et la ceinture telle que 14 ou 114 est obtenu par surmoulage de l'interface telle que 12 ou 112.In a variant not shown, the assembly formed by the buffer such as 13 or 113 and the belt such as 14 or 114 is obtained by overmolding the interface such as 12 or 112.

Dans cette dernière variante, le tampon et la ceinture sont par exemple en mousse de polyuréthane dur du type LP.In this latter variant, the buffer and the belt are for example of hard polyurethane foam of the LP type.

Lorsqu'il n'est pas surmoulé, l'ensemble formant le tampon tel que 13 ou 113 et la ceinture telle que 14 ou 114 est par exemple fait dans une peau de chamois, une peau de buffle, un drap de polissage en tissu ou dans de la matière commercialisée par la société TORAY sous la dénomination Cémoy®, ou un film en matière plastique lisse ou légèrement structurée (gaufrée).When not overmoulded, the assembly forming the pad such as 13 or 113 and the belt such as 14 or 114 is for example made in a chamois leather, a buffalo skin, a cloth polishing cloth or in the material marketed by the company TORAY under the name Cémoy ® , or a plastic film smooth or slightly structured (embossed).

L'interface telle que 12 ou 112 est par exemple en mousse de polyuréthane d'une densité de 220Kg/m3 et d'une épaisseur de 9 à 12 mm.The interface such as 12 or 112 is for example made of polyurethane foam with a density of 220 Kg / m 3 and a thickness of 9 to 12 mm.

Comme indiqué ci-dessus, la surface optique 30 a été montrée plane sur les dessins, afin de simplifier l'exposé.As indicated above, the optical surface 30 has been shown to be flat in the drawings to simplify the disclosure.

Bien entendu, dans la pratique, la surface optique 30 n'est pas plane, mais incurvée, avec une forme pouvant être particulièrement complexe, par exemple s'il s'agit de l'une des faces d'un verre progressif de correction de la vision d'un porteur presbyte, myope et astigmateOf course, in practice, the optical surface 30 is not flat, but curved, with a shape that can be particularly complex, for example if it is one of the faces of a progressive lens of correction of the vision of a presbyopic, myopic and astigmatic carrier

De même, on a exposé de façon séparée les déformations résultant d'un effort de déplacement 40 de l'outil par rapport à la surface optique et d'un effort d'application 21 vers cette surface, mais il est bien entendu qu'en pratique, ces deux types d'effort sont exercés simultanément.Similarly, the deformations resulting from a displacement force 40 of the tool with respect to the optical surface and an application force 21 towards this surface have been exposed separately, but it is understood that in These two types of effort are practiced simultaneously.

L'outil selon l'invention est utilisable pour surfacer, à qualité optique, des surfaces non optiques, par exemple l'une des faces d'une plaquette en matériau semi-conducteur.The tool according to the invention can be used to surface, at optical quality, non-optical surfaces, for example one of the faces of a wafer of semiconductor material.

Dans une variante non représentée, le tampon tel que 13 ou 113 ne recouvre pas la totalité de la surface telle que 17 ou 117, par exemple parce que le tampon est conformé en fleur avec un noyau plein duquel s'étendent radialement des pétales.In a variant not shown, the buffer such as 13 or 113 does not cover the entire surface such as 17 or 117, for example because the pad is shaped in bloom with a solid core of which radially extend petals.

Dans une autre variante non représentée, le tampon tel que 13 ou 113 et la ceinture 14 ou 114 ne sont pas faits d'une seule pièce mais en deux parties séparées assujetties respectivement à la surface d'extrémité telle que 17 ou 117 et à la surface latérale telle que 18 ou 118.In another variant not shown, the buffer such as 13 or 113 and the belt 14 or 114 are not made in one piece but in two separate parts respectively subject to the end surface such as 17 or 117 and the lateral surface such as 18 or 118.

Dans encore d'autres variantes non représentées, la coopération entre l'outil de surfaçage et la tête de la broche de la machine à surfacer se fait autrement que par une cavité telle que 25 ou 125 ; et/ou l'outil est entrainé en rotation par la broche sur laquelle il est monté, par exemple grâce à un joint de cardan.In yet other variants not shown, the co-operation between the surfacing tool and the spindle head of the machine to be surfaced is other than by a cavity such as 25 or 125; and / or the tool is rotated by the spindle on which it is mounted, for example by means of a universal joint.

Dans d'autres variantes non représentées, la surface d'extrémité telle que 15 ou 115 du support tel que 11 ou 111 est concave ou convexe, au lieu d'être plane.In other variants not shown, the end surface such as 15 or 115 of the support such as 11 or 111 is concave or convex, instead of being flat.

Bien entendu, de nombreuses autres variantes sont possibles en fonction des circonstances, et l'on rappelle à cet égard que l'invention ne se limite pas aux exemples décrits et représentés.Of course, many other variants are possible depending on the circumstances, and it is recalled in this regard that the invention is not limited to the examples described and shown.

Claims (14)

  1. Optical grade surfacing tool, including: a rigid support (11; 111) having a transverse end surface (15; 115); an elastically compressible interface (12; 112) attached to the rigid support (11; 111) and having a first transverse end surface (16; 116), a second transverse end surface (17; 117) and a lateral surface (18; 118) extending from the periphery of the first end surface (16; 116) to the periphery of the second end surface (17; 117), said first end surface (16; 116) of the interface (12; 112) being pressed against and covering said end surface (15; 115) of the rigid support (11; 111); and a flexible pad (13; 113) adapted to be pressed against a surface (30) to be worked and that is pressed against and covers at least in part the second end surface (17; 117) of the interface (12; 112) on the opposite side to and in line with said end surface (15; 115) of the rigid support (11; 111); characterized in that a flexible rim (14; 114) is pressed against and partly covers the lateral surface (18; 118) of the interface, said rim (14; 114) extending from the periphery of said pad (13; 113) to a free edge (20; 120), an annular portion (21; 121) of said lateral surface (18; 118) of the interface (12; 112) being free between said free edge (20; 120) of said rim (14; 114) and the first end surface (16; 116) of the interface (12; 112).
  2. Tool according to claim 1, characterized in that said rim (14; 114) is made in one piece with the pad (13; 113).
  3. Tool according to either of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that said rim (14; 114) is formed by a bent raised edge at the periphery of the pad (13; 113).
  4. Tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said rim (14; 114) has V-contour notches (22) pointing toward said pad (13; 113).
  5. Tool according to either of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that it includes a cup-shaped shell (60) the bottom wall of which forms said pad (13; 113) and the lateral wall of which forms said rim (14; 114).
  6. Tool according to claim 5, characterized in that said interface (12; 112) is of a material molded onto said shell (60).
  7. Tool according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that said rim (14; 114) is stuck to said interface (12; 112).
  8. Tool according to either of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that said rim (14; 114) is of a material molded onto said interface (12; 112).
  9. Tool according to either of claims 1 or 8, characterized in that said interface (112) includes an elastically compressible material plate (55) that is more rigid than the body (56) that forms the remainder of said interface (112), said plate (55) being disposed between said pad (113) and said body (56).
  10. Tool according to claim 9, characterized in that said body (56) has a peripheral portion (57) that surrounds said plate (55).
  11. Tool according to claim 10, characterized in that said peripheral portion (57) of the interface (112) has a blunted edge (58) between said second end face (117) and said lateral surface (118).
  12. Tool according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the distance between said free edge (20; 120) of said rim (14; 114) and said first end surface (16; 116) is between 30% and 70% of the distance between said first end surface (16; 116) and said second end surface (17; 117) of the interface (12; 112).
  13. Tool according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that said support (11), said interface (12) and said pad (13) have similar diameters.
  14. Tool according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that said interface (112) and said pad (113) have a similar diameter greater than the diameter of said support (111), said tool further including spring return means (50) disposed between said rigid support (111) and the periphery of said interface (112).
EP08826875A 2007-07-16 2008-06-30 Optical grade surfacing device Active EP2170554B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0756525A FR2918911B1 (en) 2007-07-16 2007-07-16 SURFACE TOOL WITH OPTICAL QUALITY
PCT/FR2008/000925 WO2009016295A1 (en) 2007-07-16 2008-06-30 Optical grade surfacing device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2170554A1 EP2170554A1 (en) 2010-04-07
EP2170554B1 true EP2170554B1 (en) 2011-01-12

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EP08826875A Active EP2170554B1 (en) 2007-07-16 2008-06-30 Optical grade surfacing device

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US (1) US8408976B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2170554B1 (en)
CN (1) CN101743093B (en)
AT (1) ATE494986T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2008281671B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2692488C (en)
DE (1) DE602008004533D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2918911B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2009016295A1 (en)

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US8696412B2 (en) * 2011-12-30 2014-04-15 Zenni Optical, Inc. Polishing instrument for optical components
DE102012103743A1 (en) * 2012-04-27 2013-10-31 Schneider Gmbh & Co. Kg Polishing film for plastic lenses
EP3060369B1 (en) 2013-10-25 2019-08-21 Essilor International Optical-grade surfacing tool
EP3272456B1 (en) * 2016-07-21 2019-03-13 Delamare Sovra A method for manufacturing in series optical grade polishing tools
EP3272458B1 (en) * 2016-07-21 2019-03-27 Delamare Sovra A method for manufacturing in series optical grade polishing tools
EP3272457B1 (en) * 2016-07-21 2019-03-27 Delamare Sovra A method for manufacturing in series optical grade polishing tools
FR3059921B1 (en) 2016-12-09 2019-05-24 Essilor International SURFACE TOOL WITH OPTICAL QUALITY

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US2282650A (en) * 1941-05-01 1942-05-12 American Sandpaper Company Abrasive article
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US2990664A (en) * 1958-09-02 1961-07-04 Plastic Contact Lens Company Method for finishing contact lenses
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ATE494986T1 (en) 2011-01-15
CA2692488A1 (en) 2009-02-05
FR2918911A1 (en) 2009-01-23
US20100178858A1 (en) 2010-07-15
US8408976B2 (en) 2013-04-02
AU2008281671B2 (en) 2014-04-24
WO2009016295A1 (en) 2009-02-05
EP2170554A1 (en) 2010-04-07
CA2692488C (en) 2014-12-23
AU2008281671A1 (en) 2009-02-05
CN101743093B (en) 2012-05-30
CN101743093A (en) 2010-06-16
FR2918911B1 (en) 2009-10-16
DE602008004533D1 (en) 2011-02-24

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