EP2165017B1 - Cable, combined cable made of plastic fibers and steel wire strands, and combined strands made of plastic fibers and steel wires - Google Patents
Cable, combined cable made of plastic fibers and steel wire strands, and combined strands made of plastic fibers and steel wires Download PDFInfo
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- EP2165017B1 EP2165017B1 EP08758077.5A EP08758077A EP2165017B1 EP 2165017 B1 EP2165017 B1 EP 2165017B1 EP 08758077 A EP08758077 A EP 08758077A EP 2165017 B1 EP2165017 B1 EP 2165017B1
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- cable
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
- D07B1/02—Ropes built-up from fibrous or filamentary material, e.g. of vegetable origin, of animal origin, regenerated cellulose, plastics
- D07B1/025—Ropes built-up from fibrous or filamentary material, e.g. of vegetable origin, of animal origin, regenerated cellulose, plastics comprising high modulus, or high tenacity, polymer filaments or fibres, e.g. liquid-crystal polymers
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
- D07B1/06—Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
- D07B1/005—Composite ropes, i.e. ropes built-up from fibrous or filamentary material and metal wires
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
- D07B1/06—Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core
- D07B1/0673—Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core having a rope configuration
- D07B1/0686—Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core having a rope configuration characterised by the core design
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
- D07B1/16—Ropes or cables with an enveloping sheathing or inlays of rubber or plastics
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
- D07B1/16—Ropes or cables with an enveloping sheathing or inlays of rubber or plastics
- D07B1/165—Ropes or cables with an enveloping sheathing or inlays of rubber or plastics characterised by a plastic or rubber inlay
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B5/00—Making ropes or cables from special materials or of particular form
- D07B5/12—Making ropes or cables from special materials or of particular form of low twist or low tension by processes comprising setting or straightening treatments
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
- D07B2201/10—Rope or cable structures
- D07B2201/1012—Rope or cable structures characterised by their internal structure
- D07B2201/102—Rope or cable structures characterised by their internal structure including a core
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
- D07B2201/10—Rope or cable structures
- D07B2201/1028—Rope or cable structures characterised by the number of strands
- D07B2201/1032—Rope or cable structures characterised by the number of strands three to eight strands respectively forming a single layer
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
- D07B2201/10—Rope or cable structures
- D07B2201/104—Rope or cable structures twisted
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
- D07B2201/10—Rope or cable structures
- D07B2201/104—Rope or cable structures twisted
- D07B2201/106—Pitch changing over length
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
- D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
- D07B2201/2015—Strands
- D07B2201/2023—Strands with core
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
- D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
- D07B2201/2015—Strands
- D07B2201/2024—Strands twisted
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
- D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
- D07B2201/2015—Strands
- D07B2201/2024—Strands twisted
- D07B2201/2026—Pitch changing over length
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
- D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
- D07B2201/2047—Cores
- D07B2201/2048—Cores characterised by their cross-sectional shape
- D07B2201/2049—Cores characterised by their cross-sectional shape having protrusions extending radially functioning as spacer between strands or wires
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
- D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
- D07B2201/2047—Cores
- D07B2201/2052—Cores characterised by their structure
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
- D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
- D07B2201/2047—Cores
- D07B2201/2052—Cores characterised by their structure
- D07B2201/2055—Cores characterised by their structure comprising filaments or fibers
- D07B2201/2057—Cores characterised by their structure comprising filaments or fibers resulting in a twisted structure
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
- D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
- D07B2201/2047—Cores
- D07B2201/2052—Cores characterised by their structure
- D07B2201/2065—Cores characterised by their structure comprising a coating
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
- D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
- D07B2201/2047—Cores
- D07B2201/2066—Cores characterised by the materials used
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
- D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
- D07B2201/2047—Cores
- D07B2201/2067—Cores characterised by the elongation or tension behaviour
- D07B2201/2068—Cores characterised by the elongation or tension behaviour having a load bearing function
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
- D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
- D07B2201/2071—Spacers
- D07B2201/2073—Spacers in circumferencial direction
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
- D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
- D07B2201/2071—Spacers
- D07B2201/2074—Spacers in radial direction
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2205/00—Rope or cable materials
- D07B2205/20—Organic high polymers
- D07B2205/201—Polyolefins
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2205/00—Rope or cable materials
- D07B2205/20—Organic high polymers
- D07B2205/201—Polyolefins
- D07B2205/2014—High performance polyolefins, e.g. Dyneema or Spectra
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2205/00—Rope or cable materials
- D07B2205/20—Organic high polymers
- D07B2205/2039—Polyesters
- D07B2205/2042—High performance polyesters, e.g. Vectran
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2205/00—Rope or cable materials
- D07B2205/20—Organic high polymers
- D07B2205/2046—Polyamides, e.g. nylons
- D07B2205/205—Aramides
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2401/00—Aspects related to the problem to be solved or advantage
- D07B2401/20—Aspects related to the problem to be solved or advantage related to ropes or cables
- D07B2401/2005—Elongation or elasticity
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2401/00—Aspects related to the problem to be solved or advantage
- D07B2401/20—Aspects related to the problem to be solved or advantage related to ropes or cables
- D07B2401/2005—Elongation or elasticity
- D07B2401/201—Elongation or elasticity regarding structural elongation
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2401/00—Aspects related to the problem to be solved or advantage
- D07B2401/20—Aspects related to the problem to be solved or advantage related to ropes or cables
- D07B2401/205—Avoiding relative movement of components
Definitions
- the invention relates to a rope having high-strength plastic fibers which are in the form of a single, in particular twisted, monofilament bundle or a plurality of monofilament bundle bundles enclosed by a sheath.
- the invention relates to a combined rope with a core rope made of high-strength plastic fibers and an outer layer of Stahlrichlitzen.
- the invention relates to a combined strand with a core made of high-strength plastic fibers and an outer layer of steel wires.
- the GB 1 557 391 describes a rope with a core formed from a monofilament bundle.
- the US 2006/0137896 A1 describes an elevator belt assembly having a plurality of stretched strands and including a jacket over the stretched strands that holds the strands in the stretched condition without applying an external load to the harness assembly.
- a combined rope of the aforementioned type is known from the US 4,887,422 with a sheathing of the core rope which is extruded or wound up.
- a combined strand of the aforementioned type is not prior art.
- the advantage of the high-strength plastic fibers is their low weight and volume in the self-contained ropes as well as in the combined ropes and strands compared to their strength.
- the moduli of elasticity of the foregoing fiber materials are 73, 120, 60, 60, 85 and 65 GPa, respectively, compared to an average of 200 GPa of steel wires.
- the actual load absorption of the plastic fibers begins with a delay, because the monoflash bundles first have to "set" with each load, ie have to find a final spatial allocation with the formation of a stable bundle cross section.
- the invention has for its object to increase the effective carrying capacity of a Sells of plastic fibers.
- this purpose is fulfilled by the fact that in a rope of the type mentioned, the monofilament bundle is stretched under diameter reduction so that the plastic fibers have at least largely found their final spatial allocation to form a stable bundle cross-section, and a in the stretched state assumed cross section of the monofilament bundle or the monofilament bundle is held by the sheath, wherein the sheath is formed by a braid or a wrap and applied with pre-tension.
- the sheath fixes the cross-section of the monofilament bundle assumed during said stretching.
- the process of "setting" before and at the beginning of the load pickups is at least largely eliminated, he is finished once and for all.
- the normal load absorption under elastic stretching of the plastic fibers according to Hooke's law can start immediately.
- An independent rope has a same reduced load, for example, by 10% reduced diameter, i. a greater load capacity based on the diameter.
- the concrete measure of invention in this version is that the cable has an intermediate layer of an elastic plastic, in which the wire strands are pressed with a distance from each other, such that the outer layer stretches under load and contracts radially.
- the elastic compliance of the intermediate layer and the distance of the wire strands from each other make it possible to stretch the helices described by the strands by increasing their pitch, with their diameter and accordingly reduces the strand spacing.
- a combined strand can be created. At the point of the core wire of the strand is then just as the core rope of the strand ausgestaltetes, but correspondingly thinner rope. (The term "rope" includes strands of monofilament bundles, regardless of structure.)
- the sheath mentioned is particularly suitable a braid.
- the monofilament bundles can simply be stretched by being driven at the exit of the machine, for example by a pair of rollers for their movement be retained at the entrance of the machine, for example by means of a braked pair of rollers, and the braid is carried out with a bias voltage.
- wrapping is also an option.
- the expansion can also be effected by reducing the cross-section.
- the said intermediate layer is usually, as in the art propagated, be extruded, possibly on the said sheath.
- a standardization of the sheathing and the intermediate layer would be difficult in that both serve different purposes and must therefore have different properties.
- the sheathing should be as unyielding as possible, the intermediate layer should be soft. Foamed plastic is also considered for the intermediate layer.
- Suitable materials for the sheath are e.g. Polyester fibers, suitable materials for the intermediate layer are polyurethanes, polyesters, polyolefins and polyamides.
- a combined rope is mentioned for hanging use over a large height difference, in particular with a lower end held against rotation, in particular a hoist rope, deep-sea rope or cableway rope which is characterized by change in length over the rope length in that the load-specific torque of the wire rope decreases upward.
- a wire of this structure is known from the DE 36 32 298 , which is hereby incorporated into the disclosure of the present application.
- Fig. 1 the relevant materials are each noted directly on the curves.
- the steel wire follows Hooke's Law only in the lower load range because it is made by drawing and therefore does not have the normal structure. The use is usually only about in the lower half of the curves.
- the core rope 1 is within the sheath 2 of a monofilament bundle or more monofilament bundles, which are only twisted so much that they have cohesion and can be handled.
- the sheath 2 consists of a braid of preferably polyester threads. It sits with a bias on the Monofilbündel or monofilament bundles, which holds them together after an elongation in the set state.
- the intermediate layer 3 is extruded over the sheath 2 of the core rope 1 in a conventional manner. It consists of a soft-elastic plastic, such as polyethylene or polypropylene.
- the steel wire strands 4 are stranded over and e.g. have been pressed into the still warm liner 3 so that they each have their own bed with some distance from each other.
- the intermediate layer 3 is so elastic-soft and the steel wire strands 4 have such a distance from each other (slightly larger than in the drawing), that the position of the steel wire strands 4 under load initially somewhat lengthy and their diameter is reduced.
- the strain curves ( Fig. 4 ) of the strand layer and the core rope are thereby approximated to each other, ie the load bearing is distributed approximately corresponding to the cross sections of the strand layer and the core rope.
- the rope according to Fig. 6 has the same basic structure as the one according to Fig. 5 with a core rope 1, a braided sheath 2, an extruded intermediate layer 3 and an outer algae of here designated 5 strands.
- the strands 5 have an analog to the rope structure again with a thinner, core 6 of high strength plastic fibers, a braided sheath 7, an extruded intermediate layer 8 made of a soft elastic plastic and an outer layer of steel wires 9.
- the rope has due to its larger Plastic cross-section the advantage of even lower weight, but it is also robust with the steel wires in the outer layer.
- the intermediate layer 3 could also be omitted in this rope, since the outer strands 5 already have an increased elasticity in itself.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Seil mit hochfesten Kunststofffasern, die als ein einziges, insbesondere verdrilltes, Monofilbündel oder eine Mehrzahl von verdrillten Monofilbündeln vorlieben, das bzw. die von einer Ummantelung eingeschlossen ist bzw. sind.The invention relates to a rope having high-strength plastic fibers which are in the form of a single, in particular twisted, monofilament bundle or a plurality of monofilament bundle bundles enclosed by a sheath.
Insbesondere betrifft die Erfindung ein kombiniertes Seil mit einem Kernseil aus hochfesten Kunststofffasern und einer Außenlage aus Stahldrohtlitzen.In particular, the invention relates to a combined rope with a core rope made of high-strength plastic fibers and an outer layer of Stahldrohtlitzen.
Ferner betrifft die Erfindung eine kombinierte Litze mit einem Kern aus hochfesten Kunststofffasern und einer Außenlage aus Stahldrähten.Furthermore, the invention relates to a combined strand with a core made of high-strength plastic fibers and an outer layer of steel wires.
Seile der vorgenannten Art sind, insbesondere zu Sportzwecken, durch Benutzung bekannt mit einer die Kunststofffasern schützenden Umflechtung.Ropes of the aforementioned type, in particular for sports purposes, known by use with a plastic fibers protecting braid.
Aus der
Die
Ferner ist aus der
Aus der
Die
Ein kombiniertes Seil der vorgenannten Art ist bekannt aus der
Eine kombinierte Litze der vorgenannten Art ist nicht Stand der Technik.A combined strand of the aforementioned type is not prior art.
Vorteil der hochfesten Kunststofffasern ist sowohl in den selbständigen Seilen als auch in den kombinierten Seilen sowie Litzen ihr geringes Gewicht und Volumen Im Vergleich zu Ihrer Festigkeit.The advantage of the high-strength plastic fibers is their low weight and volume in the self-contained ropes as well as in the combined ropes and strands compared to their strength.
Dieser Vorteil wirkt sich besonders aus bei Seilen großer Länge für hängenden Einsatz, wie Förderseile im Bergbau oder Tiefseeselle. Denn bei einem solchen Einsatz beansprucht das Gewicht eines reinen Drahtseils schon selbst einen großen Tell seiner Tragfähigkeit; die Nutzlast ist entsprechend beschränkt.This advantage is particularly effective for long-length ropes for hanging use, such as mining ropes or deep-sea ropes. For in such an application, the weight of a pure wire rope itself already claimed a large part of its carrying capacity; the payload is limited accordingly.
Vorteil des kombinierten Seils gegenüber dem reinen Kunststoffseil ist seine wesentlich geringere Empfindlichkeit gegenüber mechanischen Störelnflüssen. Außerdem kann man an den sichtbaren Drahtbrüchen die Ablegereife eines Drahtseils rechtzeltig erkennen.Advantage of the combined rope over the pure plastic rope is its much lower sensitivity to mechanical Störelnflüssen. In addition, you can see the discard of a wire rope rechtzeltig visible on the wire breaks.
Während die Bruchfestigkeit der hochfesten Kunststofffasern, z.B. Aramid Copolymer 3470 N/mm2, Aramid HM (Hlgh Modulus) 2850 N/mm2, Aramid HS (High Strenth) 3350 N/mm2, Aramid SMS (Standard Modulus) 2850 N/mm2, HMPE 3400 N/mm2 und Liquid Crystal Polyester 2800 N/mm2, diejenige von Stahldraht, z.B. 1770 N/mm2, übersteigt und so an sich zur Tragfähigkeit eines kombinierten Seiles entscheidend beitragen kann, unterscheiden sich jedoch die Dehnungen in so hohem Maße, dass unter den bekannten Seilkonstruktionen kaum ein Seilaufbau zu finden ist, bei dem das Kernseil aus Kunststoff einen wesentlichen Anteil der Lastaufnahme übernehmen kann. Die Elastlzitätsmoduln der vorstehenden Fasermateriallen betragen 73, 120, 60, 60, 85 bzw. 65 GPa gegenüber durchschnittlich 200 GPa von Stahldrähten. Vor allem kommt hinzu, dass die eigentliche Lastaufnahme der Kunststofffasern mit einer Verzögerung einsetzt, weil sich die Monofllbündel bei jeder Belastung erst "setzen", d.h. eine endgültige räumliche Zuordnung unter Bildung eines stabilen Bündelquerschnitts finden müssen.While the breaking strength of high strength plastic fibers, eg Aramid Copolymer 3470 N / mm 2 , Aramid HM (HgH Modulus) 2850 N / mm 2 , Aramid HS (High Strenth) 3350 N / mm 2 , Aramid SMS (Standard Modulus) 2850 N / mm 2 , HMPE 3400 N / mm 2 and Liquid Crystal Polyester 2800 N / mm 2 , which exceeds that of steel wire, eg 1770 N / mm 2 , and thus can contribute decisively to the load bearing capacity of a combined rope, but the strains differ in this way high degree that hardly a rope structure can be found among the known rope constructions, in which the core rope made of plastic a substantial proportion of Can take load suspension. The moduli of elasticity of the foregoing fiber materials are 73, 120, 60, 60, 85 and 65 GPa, respectively, compared to an average of 200 GPa of steel wires. Above all, there is the fact that the actual load absorption of the plastic fibers begins with a delay, because the monoflash bundles first have to "set" with each load, ie have to find a final spatial allocation with the formation of a stable bundle cross section.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die effektive Tragfähigkeit eines Sells aus Kunststofffasern zu erhöhen.The invention has for its object to increase the effective carrying capacity of a Sells of plastic fibers.
Gemäß der Erfindung wird dieser Zweck dadurch erfüllt, dass bei einem Seil der eingangs genannten Art das bzw. die Monofilbündel unter Durchmesserverringerung derart gedehnt ist bzw. sind, dass die Kunststofffasern mindestens weitgehend ihre endgültige räumliche Zuordnung unter Bildung eines stabilen Bündelquerschnitts gefunden haben, und ein in dem gedehnten Zustand angenommener Querschnitt des Monofilbündels bzw. der Monofilbündel durch die Ummantelung gehalten Ist, wobei die Ummantelung durch eine Umflechtung oder eine Umwicklung gebildet und mit vorspannung aufgebracht ist.According to the invention, this purpose is fulfilled by the fact that in a rope of the type mentioned, the monofilament bundle is stretched under diameter reduction so that the plastic fibers have at least largely found their final spatial allocation to form a stable bundle cross-section, and a in the stretched state assumed cross section of the monofilament bundle or the monofilament bundle is held by the sheath, wherein the sheath is formed by a braid or a wrap and applied with pre-tension.
Die Ummantelung fixiert gleich einem Korsett den bei dem genannten Dehnen angenommenen Querschnitt des Monofilbündels. Damit ist der Vorgang des "Setzens" vor und am Anfang der Lastaufnahmen mindestens weitgehend eliminiert, er ist ein für alle Mal abgeschlossen. Die normale Lastaufnahme unter elastischer Dehnung der Kunststofffasern nach dem Hookeschen Gesetz kann sofort einsetzen.Like a corset, the sheath fixes the cross-section of the monofilament bundle assumed during said stretching. Thus, the process of "setting" before and at the beginning of the load pickups is at least largely eliminated, he is finished once and for all. The normal load absorption under elastic stretching of the plastic fibers according to Hooke's law can start immediately.
In einem kombinierten Seil ist das Dehnverhalten des Kernseiles damit demjenigen der Stahldrahtlage angenähert.In a combined rope, the stretching behavior of the core rope is thus approximated to that of the steel wire layer.
Ein selbständiges Seil hat bei gleicher Tragfähigkeit einen beispielsweise um 10% verringerten Durchmesser, d.h. eine größere Tragfähigkeit auf den Durchmesser bezogen.An independent rope has a same reduced load, for example, by 10% reduced diameter, i. a greater load capacity based on the diameter.
Als eine Variante und eine besonders vorteilhafte Weiterbildung der Erfindung wird vorgeschlagen, das Dehnverhalten der Stahldrahtlage eines kombinierten Seiles demjenigen des Kernseiles aus Kunststofffasern anzunähern, indem die Stahldrahtlage der Umkehrversion der am Kernseil getroffenen Erfindungsmaßnahme unterworfen wird: Sie soll sich unter Last dehnen können und einen dies ermöglichenden veränderbaren Querschnitt erhalten.As a variant and a particularly advantageous development of the invention, it is proposed to approximate the stretching behavior of the steel wire layer of a combined rope that of the core rope made of plastic fibers by the steel wire layer is subjected to the reverse version of the invention taken on the core rope invention: It should be able to stretch under load and this permitting variable cross-section.
Die konkrete Erfindungsmaßnahme besteht bei dieser Version darin, dass das Seil eine Zwischenlage aus einem elastischen Kunststoff aufweist, in den die Drahtlitzen mit einem Abstand von einander eingedrückt sind, derart, dass sich die Außenlage unter Last dehnt und radial zusammenzieht.The concrete measure of invention in this version is that the cable has an intermediate layer of an elastic plastic, in which the wire strands are pressed with a distance from each other, such that the outer layer stretches under load and contracts radially.
Die elastische Nachgiebigkeit der Zwischenlage und der Abstand der Drahtlitzen voneinander erlauben es, die von den Litzen beschriebenen Schraubenlinien unter Vergrößerung ihrer Steigung in die Länge zu ziehen, wobei sich ihr Durchmesser und dementsprechend der Litzenabstand verringert.The elastic compliance of the intermediate layer and the distance of the wire strands from each other make it possible to stretch the helices described by the strands by increasing their pitch, with their diameter and accordingly reduces the strand spacing.
Infolge der Elastizität des Kunststoffs ist der Vorgang bei Entlastung reversibel, der gewünschte Effekt also bei jeder neuen Lastaufnahme vorhanden.Due to the elasticity of the plastic, the process is reversible when relieved, so the desired effect with each new load absorption available.
Die Vorteile der ersteren Version und der Umkehrversion der Erfindung können jeweils einzeln, mit größtem Erfolg aber zusammen genutzt werden.The advantages of the former version and the reverse version of the invention can each be used individually, but with great success, together.
Analog zu dem kombinierten Seil kann eine kombinierte Litze geschaffen werden. An der Stelle des Kerndrahtes der Litze steht dann ein ebenso wie das Kernseil der Litze ausgestaltetes, aber entsprechend dünneres Seil. (Die Bezeichnung "Seil" umfasst Stränge aus Monofilbündeln unabhängig vom Aufbau.)Analogous to the combined rope, a combined strand can be created. At the point of the core wire of the strand is then just as the core rope of the strand ausgestaltetes, but correspondingly thinner rope. (The term "rope" includes strands of monofilament bundles, regardless of structure.)
Als die genannte Ummantelung besonders geeignet ist eine Umflechtung. In einer Flechtmaschine können die Monofilbündel einfach gedehnt werden, indem sie am Ausgang der Maschine z.B. durch ein Rollenpaar für ihre Fortbewegung angetrieben werden und am Eingang der Maschine z.B. mittels eines gebremsten Rollenpaares zurückgehalten werden, und die Umflechtung wird mit einer Vorspannung ausgeführt. An eine Umwickelung ist jedoch ebenfalls zu denken.As the sheath mentioned is particularly suitable a braid. In a braiding machine, the monofilament bundles can simply be stretched by being driven at the exit of the machine, for example by a pair of rollers for their movement be retained at the entrance of the machine, for example by means of a braked pair of rollers, and the braid is carried out with a bias voltage. However, wrapping is also an option.
Die Dehnung kann ggf. auch durch die Querschnittsverringerung bewirkt werden.If necessary, the expansion can also be effected by reducing the cross-section.
Die genannte Zwischenlage wird in der Regel, wie im Stande der Technik verbreitet, aufextrudiert werden, ggf. auf die genannte Ummantelung. Eine Vereinheitlichung der Ummantelung und der Zwischenlage wäre insofern schwierig, als beide verschiedenen Zwecken dienen und dementsprechend unterschiedliche Eigenschaften haben müssen. Die Ummantelung sollte möglichst unnachgiebig, die Zwischenlage weich sein. Für die Zwischenlage kommt auch Schaumkunststoff in Betracht.The said intermediate layer is usually, as in the art propagated, be extruded, possibly on the said sheath. A standardization of the sheathing and the intermediate layer would be difficult in that both serve different purposes and must therefore have different properties. The sheathing should be as unyielding as possible, the intermediate layer should be soft. Foamed plastic is also considered for the intermediate layer.
Geeignete Materialien für die Ummantelung sind z.B. Polyesterfasern , geeignete Materialien für die Zwischenlage sind Polyurethane, Polyester, Polyolefine und Polyamide.Suitable materials for the sheath are e.g. Polyester fibers, suitable materials for the intermediate layer are polyurethanes, polyesters, polyolefins and polyamides.
Als eine besonders vorteilhafte Anwendung eines erfindungsgemäßen Kernseils sei schließlich ein kombiniertes Seil erwähnt für einen hängenden Einsatz über eine große Höhendifferenz, insbesondere mit einem gegen Drehung gehaltenen unteren Ende, insbesondere ein Förderkorbseil, Tiefseeseil oder Seilbahnseil, das durch Schlaglängenänderung über die Seillänge gekennzeichnet ist, derart, dass das lastspezifische Drehmoment des Drahtseils nach oben abnimmt.Finally, as a particularly advantageous application of a core rope according to the invention, a combined rope is mentioned for hanging use over a large height difference, in particular with a lower end held against rotation, in particular a hoist rope, deep-sea rope or cableway rope which is characterized by change in length over the rope length in that the load-specific torque of the wire rope decreases upward.
Ein Drahtseil dieses Aufbaues ist bekannt aus der
Mit der genannten Schlaglängenänderung können durch das Seilgewicht bedingte Verdrehungen innerhalb der Seilstruktur vermieden werden, insbesondere weitere Verdrillungen der Litzenlage im unteren Bereich des Seiles, die das Seil dort zu verkürzen suchen und damit der Lastaufnahme des Kernseils entgegenwirken würden.With the above-mentioned stroke length changes caused by the rope weight twists within the rope structure can be avoided, in particular further twists of the strand layer in the lower region of the rope, which seek to shorten the rope there and thus counteract the load of the core rope.
Im folgenden sei die Erfindung anhand von Beispielen näher erläutert.
- Fig. 1
- ist ein Last-Dehnungs-Diagramm verschiedener Materialien,
- Fig. 2
- ist ein Last-Dehnungs-Diagramm einer normal verseilten und einer erfindungsgemöß auf einer elastischen, weichen Zwischenschicht verseilten Stahldrahtlage,
- Fig. 3
- ist ein Last-Dehnungs-Diagramm eines Kernseiles aus Kunststofffasern für ein kombiniertes Stahldraht-Kunststofffaser-Seil mit und ohne erfindungsgemäße Ummantelung,
- Fig. 4
- ist ein Last-Dehnungs-Diagramm des Kernseiles und der Drahtseillage eines kombinierten Seiles wie nach
Fig. 5 , - Fig. 5
- zeigt einen Querschnitt eines kombinierten Seiles mit einem Kernseil aus Kunststofffasern und einer Außenlage aus Stahldrahtlitzen und
- Fig. 6
- zeigt einen Querschnitt eines
Fig. 5 entsprechenden Seiles mit anderen Litzen.
- Fig. 1
- is a load-elongation diagram of different materials,
- Fig. 2
- is a load-elongation diagram of a normally stranded and a stranded according to the invention on an elastic, soft intermediate layer steel wire layer,
- Fig. 3
- FIG. 3 is a load-elongation diagram of a core rope of plastic fibers for a combined steel wire-plastic fiber rope with and without sheath according to the invention, FIG.
- Fig. 4
- is a load-elongation diagram of the core rope and the wire rope layer of a combined rope as below
Fig. 5 . - Fig. 5
- shows a cross section of a combined rope with a core rope of plastic fibers and an outer layer of steel wire strands and
- Fig. 6
- shows a cross section of a
Fig. 5 corresponding rope with other strands.
In
In
Wie aus
Die Anwendung beider Erfindungsmaßnahmen in einem kombinierten Seil wie nach
Im Querschnitt der Seilkonstruktion
Das Kernseil 1 besteht innerhalb der Ummantelung 2 aus einem Monofilbündel oder mehreren Monofilbündeln, die jeweils nur so viel verdrillt sind, dass sie Zusammenhalt haben und gehandhabt werden können. Die Ummantelung 2 besteht aus einer Umflechtung aus vorzugsweise Polyesterfäden. Sie sitzt mit einer Vorspannung auf dem Monofilbündel bzw. den Monofilbündeln, die diese nach einer Dehnung im gesetzten Zustand zusammenhält.The
Die Zwischenlage 3 ist über der Ummantelung 2 der Kernseils 1 in an sich bekannter Weise extrudiert. Sie besteht aus einem weich-elastischen Kunststoff, beispielsweise Polyäthylen oder Polypropylen.The
Die Stahldrahtlitzen 4 sind darüber verseilt und z.B. in die noch warme Zwischenlage 3 eingedrückt worden derart, dass sie mit etwas Abstand voneinander jede ihr eigenes Bett haben.The
Die Zwischenlage 3 ist so elastisch-weich und die Stahldrahtlitzen 4 haben einen solchen Abstand voneinander (etwas größer als in der Zeichnung), dass sich die Lage der Stahldrahtlitzen 4 unter Last zunächst etwas längt und ihr Durchmesser sich verringert. Die Dehnungskurven (
Das Seil gemäß
Die Zwischenlage 3 könnte bei diesem Seil auch weggelassen werden, da die Außenlitzen 5 bereits in sich eine vergrößerte Dehnfähigkeit haben.The
Claims (10)
- Cable comprising high-strength synthetic fibers, which take the form of a single bundle of monofilaments (1; 6), in particular a twisted bundle of monofilaments (1; 6), or a plurality of twisted bundles of monofilaments (1; 6), which is or are enclosed by a sheathing (2; 7), characterized in that the bundle or bundles of monofilaments (1; 6) is or are stretched, with a reduction in diameter, in such a way that the synthetic fibers have found their final spatial order, forming a stable bundle cross section, and a cross section of the bundle of monofilaments or bundles of monofilaments (1; 6) assumed in the stretched state is held by the sheathing (2; 7), the sheathing being formed by a braiding performed with a prestress or a winding performed with a prestress.
- Combined cable comprising a cable according to Claim 1 as a core cable (1, 2), wherein the combined cable has an outer layer of steel wire strands (4; 5).
- Combined strand comprising a cable according to Claim 1 as a core (6, 7), wherein the combined strand has an outer layer of steel wires (9).
- Combined cable according to Claim 2, characterized in that the combined cable has an intermediate layer (3) of an elastic synthetic material into which the steel wire strands (4; 5) are pressed while spaced apart from one another in such a way that the outer layer extends under load, and contracts radially.
- Combined strand according to Claim 3, characterized in that the combined strand has an intermediate layer (8) of an elastic synthetic material into which the steel wires (9) are pressed while spaced apart from one another in such a way that the outer layer extends under load, and contracts radially.
- Combined cable comprising a core cable (1) of high-strength synthetic fibres and an outer layer of strands, characterized in that the combined strand according to Claim 5 is an outer strand (5) of the outer layer of strands.
- Combined cable according to Claim 4 or combined strand according to Claim 5, characterized in that the intermediate layer (3; 8) is extruded on.
- Combined cable according to one of Claims 2, 4 or 7 for suspended use over a difference in height, characterized by changing of the length of lay over the length of the cable, in such a way that the load-specific torque of the wire cable decreases upward.
- Combined cable according to Claim 8, characterized in that the combined cable is a cable car cable.
- Use of the combined cable according to Claim 8 as a hoisting cage cable, deep-sea cable or cable car cable.
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL12162945T PL2476801T3 (en) | 2007-05-18 | 2008-05-15 | Combined rope made of artificial fibres and steel wire strands and combined strand of artificial fibres and steel wires |
PL08758077T PL2165017T3 (en) | 2007-05-18 | 2008-05-15 | Cable, combined cable made of plastic fibers and steel wire strands, and combined strands made of plastic fibers and steel wires |
EP12162945.5A EP2476801B1 (en) | 2007-05-18 | 2008-05-15 | Combined rope made of artificial fibres and steel wire strands and combined strand of artificial fibres and steel wires |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102007023710 | 2007-05-18 | ||
DE102007024020A DE102007024020A1 (en) | 2007-05-18 | 2007-05-22 | Rope, combined rope of synthetic fibers and steel wire strands, as well as combined strand of synthetic fibers and steel wires |
PCT/DE2008/000834 WO2008141623A2 (en) | 2007-05-18 | 2008-05-15 | Cable, combined cable made of plastic fibers and steel wire strands, and combined strands made of plastic fibers and steel wires |
Related Child Applications (2)
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EP12162945.5A Division EP2476801B1 (en) | 2007-05-18 | 2008-05-15 | Combined rope made of artificial fibres and steel wire strands and combined strand of artificial fibres and steel wires |
EP12162945.5A Division-Into EP2476801B1 (en) | 2007-05-18 | 2008-05-15 | Combined rope made of artificial fibres and steel wire strands and combined strand of artificial fibres and steel wires |
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EP2165017A2 EP2165017A2 (en) | 2010-03-24 |
EP2165017B1 true EP2165017B1 (en) | 2014-11-12 |
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EP12162945.5A Active EP2476801B1 (en) | 2007-05-18 | 2008-05-15 | Combined rope made of artificial fibres and steel wire strands and combined strand of artificial fibres and steel wires |
EP08758077.5A Active EP2165017B1 (en) | 2007-05-18 | 2008-05-15 | Cable, combined cable made of plastic fibers and steel wire strands, and combined strands made of plastic fibers and steel wires |
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EP12162945.5A Active EP2476801B1 (en) | 2007-05-18 | 2008-05-15 | Combined rope made of artificial fibres and steel wire strands and combined strand of artificial fibres and steel wires |
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US (1) | US8176718B2 (en) |
EP (2) | EP2476801B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP5634260B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR101667419B1 (en) |
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UA (1) | UA101614C2 (en) |
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WO2008141623A3 (en) | 2009-05-07 |
PT2476801E (en) | 2015-12-07 |
UA101614C2 (en) | 2013-04-25 |
PL2165017T3 (en) | 2015-04-30 |
CN101688359B (en) | 2012-03-21 |
US8176718B2 (en) | 2012-05-15 |
PT2165017E (en) | 2015-01-05 |
CA2685585C (en) | 2013-12-24 |
JP5634260B2 (en) | 2014-12-03 |
US20100071340A1 (en) | 2010-03-25 |
AU2008253434A1 (en) | 2008-11-27 |
WO2008141623A8 (en) | 2008-12-31 |
AU2008253434B2 (en) | 2013-03-21 |
EP2476801A3 (en) | 2013-02-13 |
EP2165017A2 (en) | 2010-03-24 |
PL2476801T3 (en) | 2016-02-29 |
EA017642B1 (en) | 2013-02-28 |
ZA200908380B (en) | 2011-02-23 |
BRPI0811106B1 (en) | 2018-09-18 |
MX2009011974A (en) | 2009-11-19 |
EP2476801B1 (en) | 2015-09-02 |
CN101688359A (en) | 2010-03-31 |
EP2476801A2 (en) | 2012-07-18 |
KR101667419B1 (en) | 2016-10-18 |
WO2008141623A2 (en) | 2008-11-27 |
JP2010527413A (en) | 2010-08-12 |
EA200901559A1 (en) | 2010-04-30 |
DE102007024020A1 (en) | 2008-11-20 |
KR20100021442A (en) | 2010-02-24 |
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CA2685585A1 (en) | 2008-11-27 |
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