EP2153162B1 - Pyrotechnical chain for igniting a main propulsion charge for a missile - Google Patents
Pyrotechnical chain for igniting a main propulsion charge for a missile Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2153162B1 EP2153162B1 EP08805914A EP08805914A EP2153162B1 EP 2153162 B1 EP2153162 B1 EP 2153162B1 EP 08805914 A EP08805914 A EP 08805914A EP 08805914 A EP08805914 A EP 08805914A EP 2153162 B1 EP2153162 B1 EP 2153162B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- arming
- charge
- retarder
- locking member
- active position
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000011325 microbead Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013475 authorization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001141 propulsive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- RYAUSSKQMZRMAI-YESZJQIVSA-N (S)-fenpropimorph Chemical compound C([C@@H](C)CC=1C=CC(=CC=1)C(C)(C)C)N1C[C@H](C)O[C@H](C)C1 RYAUSSKQMZRMAI-YESZJQIVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000287107 Passer Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
- F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
- F42C15/18—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein a carrier for an element of the pyrotechnic or explosive train is moved
- F42C15/184—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein a carrier for an element of the pyrotechnic or explosive train is moved using a slidable carrier
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
- F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
- F42C15/24—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein the safety or arming action is effected by inertia means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
- F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
- F42C15/34—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein the safety or arming action is effected by a blocking-member in the pyrotechnic or explosive train between primer and main charge
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
- F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
- F42C15/36—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein arming is effected by combustion or fusion of an element; Arming methods using temperature gradients
Definitions
- the invention relates to a pyrotechnic chain for igniting a main engine load of a missile after ejection thereof from a launch tube or carrier, as described for example in the document DE 4 127 023 A .
- the ignition of the main propulsive charge of a missile occur if the missile has received sufficient acceleration at launch, preferably in value and duration, and after the missile has traveled a sufficient distance.
- a known solution for this purpose is to use a pyrotechnic ignition system which comprises an arming device capable of entering the "armed” state under the effect of the acceleration imparted during the ejection of the missile, a pyrotechnic delay defining a duration between ejection and ignition of the main charge, and a safety device with microbeads interposed between the main charge and a relay charge ignited at the end of combustion of the pyrotechnic delay.
- the microbead security device comprises a bed of microbeads which flow through openings disengaged by the arrival of the arming device in the "armed” state, thus, in case of non-passage to the "armed” state.
- the microbeads could not flow or flow completely and form a screen preventing the ignition of the load Although the ignition is applied to the main load despite ignition of the relay charge after combustion of the pyrotechnic delay, such a solution is implemented by the applicant for the "Mistral" tactical missile propulsion systems.
- the object of the invention is to propose a solution with improved reliability, especially in the long term, to the problem of the ignition safety of the main propulsive charge of missiles after ejection.
- locking in "armed” mode occurs after a time defined by the combustion of a first delay (arming delay) and is not dependent on the flow of a bed of microbeads.
- Longer-term reliability can then be obtained because the behavior for a long life of a pyrotechnic composition is well controllable and characterizable.
- the screen device may be a bed of balls that can flow through a closed opening when the cocking device is in the rest position and disengaged when the cocking device is in the active position.
- the beads preferably microbeads, have no delay function. They fulfill a security function.
- the balls In the case where the second relay load is carried by a moving part released during the ignition of the first relay load, the balls also provide a damping function to stop a sudden arrival of the second relay load in the position of ignition of the main charge.
- the pyrotechnic chain shown on the figure 1 comprises a cylinder 10 in the rear part of which is housed a pyrotechnic arresting support 20 and in the front part of which is housed a part 30 carrying a pyrotechnic trajectory delay.
- the terms "back” and “front” are used herein with reference to the direction of propagation of the combustion along the pyrotechnic chain.
- the carrier 20 has a sleeve-shaped sealingly engaged within the cylinder 10. Inside the sleeve 20 there is fixed a pyrotechnic delay arming 22 comprising a pyrotechnic composition to block 22 housed in a casing 22 b.
- the arming delay is immobilized by a ring 23 screwed into the sleeve 20 and acting on a gland 24 and a seal 25 at the rear of the arming delay.
- an initiating charge or squib 26 At the rear of the arm delay 22 is arranged an initiating charge or squib 26, a passage 27 communicating the housing of the squib 26 with the block of pyrotechnic composition 22 is through the ring 23, the stuffing tow 24 and the envelope 22 b .
- the pin 26 (shown only on the figure 1 ) Is mounted in a holder 26 screwed into a ring 28 itself is screwed on the rear wall of cylinder 10.
- a pyrotechnic relay charge 29 At the front of the pyrotechnic composition block 22 a is fixed a pyrotechnic relay charge 29.
- the support 20 is immobilized axially in the cylinder 10 by a pin 11 forming a locking member.
- a split ring 12 prestressed circumferentially is housed in an annular groove formed in the outer surface of the support 20.
- an annular housing 20b is formed by a portion of the support 20 of reduced diameter in the vicinity of the front end 20c of this support.
- the support piece 30 of the pyrotechnic trajectory delay has a hollow piston shape in which is housed a block of pyrotechnic composition 32 forming the trajectory delay.
- the block housing 32 in the part 30 is delimited by a rear side wall 30 has a through passage 31.
- a pyrotechnic charge relay 34 At the front of the trajectory delay 32 is disposed a pyrotechnic charge relay 34.
- the piece 30 is immobilized axially in the cylinder 10 by a pin 13 forming a locking member.
- a prestressed compression spring 35 is housed between the part 30 and the sleeve 20, the spring 35 supported at its ends to the wall 30 and has an internal shoulder 20a of the sleeve 20.
- the spring 35 provides a holding pins 11 , 13 in their locking position despite possible vibrations when the ignition system is in the non-active state.
- An arming device in the form of a ring 40 is engaged on the cylinder 10 from its front end. At its rear end portion 40 has the cocking ring 40 is engaged on the outer surface of the cylinder 10.
- the rear end portion 40a of the arming ring 40 abuts against an outer shoulder 10a of the cylinder 10 and is locked in this position by a ball 14 forming a locking member.
- the ball 14 is housed in a bore formed in the wall of the cylinder 10 being retained on the inside by the front end portion 20c of the sleeve 20 engaged in the cylinder 10.
- the ball 14 protrudes outside the cylinder 10 in a housing 41 formed by a portion of the arming ring 40 having an inner diameter greater than that of the rear end portion 40 a. In the position of the figure 1 , the ball 14 projects at the rear axial end of the housing 41.
- Another ball 16 is housed in a hole in the wall of the cylinder 10. In the position of the figure 1 , the ball 16 projects internally into a housing 36 formed by a part of the part 30 of reduced outside diameter, while, on the outside, the ball 16 is blocked by a portion 40b of the ringing ring engaged without play on the cylinder 10.
- the pyrotechnic chain is provided with a bottom 50 in the form of a ring screwed on the front end of the cylinder 10.
- An envelope 51 containing a pyrotechnic charge relay 52 is supported in the front part of the cylinder 10 and immobilized by the rear face of a shoulder 50 in the bottom 50.
- the cover 51 opens to the front to communicate through a passage 53 with a load (not shown) forming the ignition charge of the main propellant charge missile.
- a gland 54 compresses a gasket 55 against the front face of the shoulder 50 a.
- the casing 51 is provided with a bottom whose central portion 51 has a reduced thickness forms a lid.
- a spring 42 not prestressed or weakly prestressed in compression is housed between the bottom 50 and an outer shoulder 43 of the cocking ring.
- a bed of balls 60 is disposed between the bottom of the casing 51, on the rear side, and the front of the piece 30 and the trajectory retardation 32.
- the bed of balls 60 is contained in the cylinder 10.
- This one has openings 18 distributed at its periphery, in the vicinity of the bottom of the casing 51.
- the openings 18 are closed off on the outside by the front end portion 40 c of the cocking ring which is engaged without play on the cylinder 10.
- the ring arming 40 has openings 44 disposed at its periphery in the same manner as the openings 18. In the position of the figure 1 , the openings 44 are closed on the inside by the cylinder 10.
- the cylinder 10 and the cocking ring 45 are immobilized with respect to each other in rotation in order to avoid misalignment of the openings 18 and 44. This effect, a pin 45 is engaged and immobilized in a radial orifice of the cylinder and projects into a slot 46 formed longitudinally in the rear part of the cocking ring 40.
- the balls 60 are for example ceramic or glass microbeads whose diameter is typically 100 to 500 microns, for example about 200 microns.
- the pyrotechnic chain is closed at its periphery by a case 62, for example metal, which connects the bottom 50 to the cylinder 10.
- Seals such as 21, 47, 56, 57 seal between the cylinder 10 and the support 20, between the case 62 and the cocking ring 40 and between the case 62 and the bottom 50.
- the operation of the pyrotechnic chain is as follows.
- the pin 26 is lit when the missile is ejected. As known per se, this ignition can be achieved by power supply by means of contacts provided on a tube or launching support.
- the generated pressure acting on the sleeve 20 causes the break of the pin 11, the displacement of the sleeve 20 from its position of rest, against the elastic force exerted by the spring 35, and the ignition of the load 22 has the pyrotechnic arresting delay 22.
- the prestressed rod 12 is housed in a housing 19 formed in the inner wall of the cylinder 11, blocking the sleeve 20 in the active position.
- the ball 14 is erased in the housing 20b formed at the rear of the front end portion 20c of the sleeve 20.
- the acceleration imparted to the missile causes a forward movement of the cock ring 40, the locking ball 14 being erased.
- the spring 42 is compressed.
- the arming ring 40 is in an advanced position sufficient so that the ball 16 ceases to be blocked by the portion 40 b of the arming ring and is opposite a portion 40 d of the cocking ring 40 of inner diameter greater than that of the portion 40 b and progressively connecting thereto.
- the openings 44 are then facing the openings 18 and the flow of the balls 60 can begin. It will be noted that the openings 44 are preferably of a size substantially greater than that of the openings 18. It is then in the position illustrated on FIG. figure 2 , arming authorization position.
- the spring 42 is calibrated to oppose the arrival in the arming clearance position with release of the ball 16 if the initial acceleration of the missile is less than a predetermined minimum value.
- the relay charge 29 When the combustion of the charge 22 has the pyrotechnic arming delay 22 is complete, the relay charge 29 is turned on. The generated pressure acting on the piston member 30 causes the pin 13 to break, releasing the piece 30 while at the same time the pyrotechnic path delay 32 is turned on. Under the action of the spring 35 and the gases produced by the relay charge 29, the piece 30 is moved forwards from its retracted position and the part of the piece 30 located at the rear of the housing 36 comes to block the ball 16 in a locking position ( figure 3 ). In this position, by pressing on the part 40 d of the cocking ring, the ball 16 acts as a non-return vis-à-vis the cocking ring 40, which can slightly go back when the acceleration launching stops producing its effects ( figure 4 ). The cocking ring 40 is then in the active position and the flow of the balls 60 continues. The active position of the arming ring corresponding to the "armed" mode.
- the forward movement of the part 30 continues as the flow of balls 60 until arrival of the booster charge 34 in contact with the cap 51a when all the balls 60 have passed, while the combustion of the trajectory retardation 32 continues.
- the balls 60 provide a damping function to avoid abrupt contact with the lid 51 a .
- the position reached is that of the figure 4 .
- the duration of combustion of the pyrotechnic trajectory delay 32 is chosen to ensure that the ignition of the main charge takes place at a point on the trajectory of the missile located at a sufficient distance from the launching location.
- the relay charge 34 is on and ignites the relay charge 52 to cause the ignition of the main propellant charge, as shown in FIG. figure 5 .
- the ignition safety is ensured as follows.
- the ball 16 is returned to the housing 36 and blocked by the portion 40 b of the arming ring 40 as in the rest position.
- There is no movement of the part 30 and the distance between the booster charge 34 and the lid 51a is such that the combustion gases generated by the booster charge 34 will disperse and can ensure the breakage of the cap 51a, the remaining microbeads 60 optionally in the cylinder providing additional security.
- the ignition relay charge of the main engine of the missile is not initiated.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Woven Fabrics (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
L'invention concerne une chaîne pyrotechnique d'allumage d'une charge principale de moteur d'un missile après éjection de celui-ci d'un tube ou support de lancement, comme décrit par example dans le document
Pour des raisons de sécurité, il est souhaitable que l'allumage de la charge principale propulsive d'un missile se produise si le missile a reçu une accélération suffisante au lancement, de préférence en valeur et en durée, et après que le missile a parcouru une distance suffisante.For safety reasons, it is desirable that the ignition of the main propulsive charge of a missile occur if the missile has received sufficient acceleration at launch, preferably in value and duration, and after the missile has traveled a sufficient distance.
Une solution connue à cet effet consiste à utiliser une chaîne pyrotechnique d'allumage qui comprend un dispositif d'armement capable de passer à l'état "armé" sous l'effet de l'accélération impartie lors de l'éjection du missile, un retard pyrotechnique définissant une durée entre éjection et allumage de la charge principale, et un dispositif de sécurité à microbilles interposé entre la charge principale et une charge relais allumée en fin de combustion du retard pyrotechnique. Le dispositif de sécurité à microbilles comprend un lit de microbilles qui s'écoulent à travers des ouvertures dégagées par la venue du dispositif d'armement à l'état "armé. Ainsi, en cas de non-passage à l'état "armé" ou de retour à un état "non armé", par exemple en raison d'une accélération insuffisante à l'élection, les microbilles n'ont pu s'écouler ou s'écouler totalement et forment un écran empêchant l'allumage de la charge principale en dépit de l'allumage de la charge relais après combustion du retard pyrotechnique. Une telle solution est mise en oeuvre par la déposante pour les systèmes de propulsion du missile tactique "Mistral".A known solution for this purpose is to use a pyrotechnic ignition system which comprises an arming device capable of entering the "armed" state under the effect of the acceleration imparted during the ejection of the missile, a pyrotechnic delay defining a duration between ejection and ignition of the main charge, and a safety device with microbeads interposed between the main charge and a relay charge ignited at the end of combustion of the pyrotechnic delay. The microbead security device comprises a bed of microbeads which flow through openings disengaged by the arrival of the arming device in the "armed" state, thus, in case of non-passage to the "armed" state. or return to an "unarmed" state, for example due to insufficient acceleration at election, the microbeads could not flow or flow completely and form a screen preventing the ignition of the load Although the ignition is applied to the main load despite ignition of the relay charge after combustion of the pyrotechnic delay, such a solution is implemented by the applicant for the "Mistral" tactical missile propulsion systems.
L'invention a pour but de proposer une solution à fiabilité améliorée, notamment dans la durée, au problème de la sécurité d'allumage de la charge principale propulsive de missiles après éjection.The object of the invention is to propose a solution with improved reliability, especially in the long term, to the problem of the ignition safety of the main propulsive charge of missiles after ejection.
Ce but est atteint grâce à une chaîne pyrotechnique d'allumage d'une charge principale de propulsion d'un missile après éjection de celui-ci, comprenant :
- un dispositif d'armement mobile entre une position de repos, ou mode "non armé", et une position active, ou mode "armé", en réponse à l'éjection du missile,
- un premier organe de verrouillage pour verrouiller le dispositif d'armement en position de repos,
- un deuxième organe de verrouillage pour verrouiller le dispositif d'armement en position active,
- un retard pyrotechnique d'armement,
- une étoupille agencée pour être allumée à l'éjection du missile et provoquer l'allumage du retard d'armement et la libération du premier organe de verrouillage afin d'autoriser le dispositif d'armement à passer en position active,
- un retard pyrotechnique de trajectoire distinct du retard d'armement,
- une première charge relais agencée pour être allumée en fin de combustion du retard d'armement et provoquer l'allumage du retard de trajectoire et l'actionnement du deuxième organe de verrouillage pour verrouiller le dispositif d'armement en position active s'il se trouve dans cette position, et
- une deuxième charge relais agencée pour être allumée en fin de combustion du retard de trajectoire et provoquer l'allumage de la charge principale si le dispositif d'armement est en position active.
- an arming device movable between a rest position, or "unarmed" mode, and an active position, or "armed" mode, in response to the ejection of the missile,
- a first locking member for locking the cocking device in the rest position,
- a second locking member for locking the cocking device in the active position,
- a pyrotechnic weapon delay,
- a pin arranged to be lit when the missile is ejected and to cause the arming delay to come on and the first locking member to be released in order to allow the cocking device to go into the active position,
- a pyrotechnic delay of trajectory distinct from the arming delay,
- a first relay load arranged to be ignited at the end of combustion of the arming delay and cause the ignition of the trajectory delay and the actuation of the second locking member to lock the cocking device in the active position if it is in this position, and
- a second relay charge arranged to be lit at the end of the combustion of the trajectory delay and cause the ignition of the main charge if the cocking device is in the active position.
Ainsi, le verrouillage en mode "armé" se produit après une durée définie par la combustion d'un premier retard (retard d'armement) et n'est pas tributaire de l'écoulement d'un lit de microbilles. Une fiabilité accrue à long terme peut alors être obtenue car le comportement pour une longue durée de vie d'une composition pyrotechnique est bien maîtrisable et caractérisable.Thus, locking in "armed" mode occurs after a time defined by the combustion of a first delay (arming delay) and is not dependent on the flow of a bed of microbeads. Longer-term reliability can then be obtained because the behavior for a long life of a pyrotechnic composition is well controllable and characterizable.
Selon une particularité de la chaîne pyrotechnique, celle-ci peut comprendre en outre :
- une pièce mobile portant le retard de trajectoire et la deuxième charge relais, ladite pièce mobile étant déplaçable entre une position de retrait dans laquelle la deuxième charge relais n'est pas en position d'allumage de la charge principale et une position avancée dans laquelle la deuxième charge relais est en position d'allumage de la charge principale, et
- un troisième organe de verrouillage de ladite pièce mobile en position de retrait, le troisième organe de verrouillage étant pour être libéré en réponse à l'allumage de la première charge relais.
- a moving part bearing the path delay and the second relay load, said movable part being movable between a withdrawal position in which the second relay load is not in the ignition position of the main load and an advanced position in which the second load relay is in ignition position of the main load, and
- a third locking member of said moving part in the retracted position, the third locking member being released in response to the ignition of the first relay load.
Pour garantir la sécurité d'allumage, on peut prévoir en outre :
- un dispositif formant écran interposé entre la deuxième charge relais et la charge principale, et
- des moyens d'élimination progressive dudit dispositif formant écran lorsque le dispositif d'armement est en position active.
- a screen device interposed between the second relay load and the main load, and
- means for progressively eliminating said screen device when the arming device is in the active position.
Le dispositif formant écran peut être un lit de billes pouvant s'écouler à travers une ouverture obturée lorsque le dispositif d'armement est en position de repos et dégagée lorsque le dispositif d'armement est en position active. Les billes, de préférence des microbilles, n'ont pas de fonction de retard. Elles remplissent une fonction de sécurité. Dans le cas où la deuxième charge relais est portée par une pièce mobile libérée lors de l'allumage de la première charge relais, les billes assurent aussi une fonction d'amortissage pour arrêter une venue brutale de la deuxième charge relais dans la position d'allumage de la charge principale.The screen device may be a bed of balls that can flow through a closed opening when the cocking device is in the rest position and disengaged when the cocking device is in the active position. The beads, preferably microbeads, have no delay function. They fulfill a security function. In the case where the second relay load is carried by a moving part released during the ignition of the first relay load, the balls also provide a damping function to stop a sudden arrival of the second relay load in the position of ignition of the main charge.
Selon encore une autre particularité de la chaîne d'allumage, celle-ci comprend en outre :
- un support du retard d'armement mobile entre une position de repos et une position active,
- un quatrième organe de verrouillage pour verrouiller le support de retard d'armement en position de repos, et
- un cinquième organe de verrouillage pour verrouiller le support de retard d'armement lorsqu'il est parvenu en position active,
- l'allumage de l'étoupille provoquant la libération du quatrième organe de verrouillage et le déplacement du support de retard d'armement vers sa position active dans laquelle il provoque la libération du premier organe de verrouillage pour autoriser la venue du dispositif d'armement en position active.
- a carrier delay support movable between a rest position and an active position,
- a fourth locking member for locking the arming delay support in the rest position, and
- a fifth locking member for locking the arming delay support when it has reached the active position,
- the ignition of the lock causing the release of the fourth locking member and the movement of the arming delay support towards its active position in which it causes the release of the first locking member to allow the coming of the arming device; active position.
L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description faite ci-après, à titre indicatif mais non limitatif en référence aux dessins annexés sur lesquels :
- la
figure 1 est une vue schématique en coupe transversale d'une chaîne pyrotechnique selon un mode particulier de réalisation de l'invention ; et - les
figures 2 à 5 sont des vues en coupe similaires à celle de lafigure 1 , mais à différents stades successifs de fonctionnement de la chaîne pyrotechnique.
- the
figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a pyrotechnic chain according to a particular embodiment of the invention; and - the
Figures 2 to 5 are sectional views similar to that of thefigure 1 but at different successive stages of operation of the pyrotechnic chain.
La chaîne pyrotechnique montrée sur la
Le support 20 a une forme de manchon engagé de façon étanche dans le cylindre 10. A l'intérieur du manchon 20 est fixé un retard pyrotechnique d'armement 22 comprenant un bloc de composition pyrotechnique 22a logé dans une enveloppe 22b. Le retard d'armement est immobilisé par une bague 23 vissée dans le manchon 20 et agissant sur un presse-étoupe 24 et un joint d'étanchéité 25 à l'arrière du retard d'armement.The carrier 20 has a sleeve-shaped sealingly engaged within the
A l'arrière du retard d'armement 22 est disposée une charge d'initiation ou étoupille 26, un passage 27 faisant communiquer le logement de l'étoupille 26 avec le bloc de composition pyrotechnique 22a à travers la bague 23, le presse-étoupe 24 et l'enveloppe 22b. L'étoupille 26 (montrée uniquement sur la
A l'avant du bloc de composition pyrotechnique 22a est fixée une charge pyrotechnique relais 29.At the front of the
Dans la position de repos, ou stockage, de la
La pièce 30 de support du retard pyrotechnique de trajectoire a une forme de piston creux dans lequel est logé un bloc de composition pyrotechnique 32 formant le retard de trajectoire. Le logement du bloc 32 dans la pièce 30 est délimité du côté arrière par une paroi 30a traversée par un passage 31.The
A l'avant du retard de trajectoire 32 est disposée une charge pyrotechnique relais 34.At the front of the
Dans la position de la
Un dispositif d'armement sous forme d'une bague 40 est engagé sur le cylindre 10 à partir de son extrémité avant. A sa partie d'extrémité arrière 40a la bague d'armement 40 est engagée sur la surface externe du cylindre 10.An arming device in the form of a
Dans la position de la
Une autre bille 16 est logée dans un perçage de la paroi du cylindre 10. Dans la position de la
A l'avant, la chaîne pyrotechnique est munie d'un fond 50 sous forme d'une bague vissée sur l'extrémité avant du cylindre 10. Une enveloppe 51 contenant une charge pyrotechnique relais 52 est supportée dans la partie avant du cylindre 10 et immobilisée par la face arrière d'un épaulement 50a du fond 50. L'enveloppe 51 s'ouvre à l'avant pour communiquer par un passage 53 avec une charge (non représentée) formant la charge d'allumage de la charge principale propulsive du missile. A l'avant du fond 50, un presse-étoupe 54 comprime un joint 55 contre la face avant de l'épaulement 50a. A l'arrière, l'enveloppe 51 est munie d'un fond dont la partie centrale 51a d'épaisseur réduite forme un opercule.At the front, the pyrotechnic chain is provided with a bottom 50 in the form of a ring screwed on the front end of the
Un ressort 42 non précontraint ou faiblement précontraint en compression est logé entre le fond 50 et un épaulement externe 43 de la bague d'armement.A
Un lit de billes 60 est disposé entre le fond de l'enveloppe 51, du côté arrière, et l'avant de la pièce 30 et du retard de trajectoire 32. Le lit de billes 60 est contenu dans le cylindre 10. Celui-ci présente des ouvertures 18 réparties à sa périphérie, au voisinage du fond de l'enveloppe 51. Dans la position de la
Les billes 60 sont par exemple des microbilles en céramique ou verre dont le diamètre est typiquement de 100 à 500 µm, par exemple environ 200 µm.The
La chaîne pyrotechnique est fermée à sa périphérie par un étui 62 par exemple métallique qui relie le fond 50 au cylindre 10.The pyrotechnic chain is closed at its periphery by a
Des joints tels que 21, 47, 56, 57 assurent l'étanchéité entre le cylindre 10 et le support 20, entre l'étui 62 et la bague d'armement 40 et entre l'étui 62 et le fond 50.Seals such as 21, 47, 56, 57 seal between the
Le fonctionnement de la chaîne pyrotechnique est le suivant. L'étoupille 26 est allumée à l'éjection du missile. Comme connu en soi, cet allumage pourra être réalisé par alimentation électrique au moyen de contacts prévus sur un tube ou support de lancement. La pression engendrée agissant sur le manchon 20 provoque la rupture de la goupille 11, le déplacement du manchon 20 vers l'avant depuis sa position de repos, à l'encontre de la force élastique exercée par le ressort 35, et l'allumage de la charge 22a du retard pyrotechnique d'armement 22. Le jonc précontraint 12 se loge dans un logement 19 formé dans la paroi interne du cylindre 11, bloquant le manchon 20 en position active. La bille 14 s'efface dans le logement 20b formé à l'arrière de la partie d'extrémité avant 20c du manchon 20.The operation of the pyrotechnic chain is as follows. The
Dans le même temps, l'accélération impartie au missile provoque un déplacement vers l'avant de la bague d'armement 40, la bille de verrouillage 14 étant effacée. Le ressort 42 est comprimé. Dans la mesure où l'accélération du missile est suffisante, la bague d'armement 40 vient dans une position avancée suffisante pour que la bille 16 cesse d'être bloquée par la partie 40b de la bague d'armement et se trouve en regard d'une partie 40d de la bague d'armement 40 de diamètre intérieur supérieur à celui de la partie 40b et se raccordant progressivement à celle-ci. Les ouvertures 44 se trouvent alors en regard des ouvertures 18 et l'écoulement des billes 60 peut commencer. On notera que les ouvertures 44 ont de préférence une taille sensiblement supérieure à celle des ouvertures 18. On se trouve alors dans la position illustrée sur la
Le ressort 42 est taré pour s'opposer à la venue en position d'autorisation d'armement avec dégagement de la bille 16 si l'accélération initiale du missile est inférieure à une valeur minimale prédéterminée.The
Lorsque la combustion de la charge 22a du retard pyrotechnique d'armement 22 est terminée, la charge relais 29 est allumée. La pression engendrée agissant sur la pièce 30 formant piston provoque la rupture de la goupille 13, libérant la pièce 30 tandis que dans le même temps le retard pyrotechnique de trajectoire 32 est allumé. Sous l'action du ressort 35 et des gaz produits par la charge relais 29, la pièce 30 est déplacée vers l'avant à partir de sa position de retrait et la partie de la pièce 30 située à l'arrière du logement 36 vient bloquer la bille 16 dans une position de verrouillage (
Le déplacement vers l'avant de la pièce 30 se poursuit au fur et à mesure de l'écoulement des billes 60 jusqu'à venue de la charge relais 34 au contact de l'opercule 51a lorsque toutes les billes 60 se sont écoulées, tandis que la combustion du retard de trajectoire 32 se poursuit. On notera que les billes 60 assurent une fonction d'amortissement pour éviter un contact brutal avec l'opercule 51a. La position atteinte est celle de la
La durée de combustion du retard pyrotechnique de trajectoire 32 est choisie pour assurer que l'allumage de la charge principale a lieu en un point de la trajectoire du missile situé à une distance suffisante du lieu de lancement. Lorsque cette combustion est terminée, la charge relais 34 est allumée et allume la charge relais 52 pour provoquer l'allumage de la charge propulsive principale, comme le montre la
La sécurité d'allumage est assurée de la façon suivante.The ignition safety is ensured as follows.
Si l'accélération initiale conférée au missile est trop faible, le déplacement de la bague 40 vers l'avant à l'encontre du ressort 42 est insuffisant pour amener la bague 40 en position d'autorisation d'armement. Il n'y a pas de passage en mode "armé".If the initial acceleration imparted to the missile is too low, the movement of the
Si la durée d'accélération du missile est insuffisante et que le ressort 42 ramène la bague d'armement 40 vers sa position de repos avant l'allumage de la charge relais 29, la bille 16 est ramenée dans le logement 36 et bloquée par la partie 40b de la bague d'armement 40 comme dans la position de repos. Il n'y a pas de déplacement de la pièce 30 et la distance entre la charge relais 34 et l'opercule 51a est telle que les gaz de combustion produits par la charge relais 34 se dispersent et ne peuvent assurer la rupture de l'opercule 51a, les microbilles 60 restant éventuellement dans le cylindre apportant une sécurité supplémentaire. La charge relais d'allumage du moteur principal du missile n'est pas initiée.If the duration of acceleration of the missile is insufficient and the
Claims (5)
- A pyrotechnical chain for igniting a main propulsion charge for a missile after ejection thereof, comprising:- an arming device (40) mobile between a rest or "unarmed" position and an active or "armed" position in response to the ejection of the missile,- a first locking member (14) to lock the arming device in the rest position,- a second locking member (16) to lock the arming device in the active position,- an arming pyrotechnical retarder (22),- a squib (26) arranged to be ignited at the ejection of the missile and igniting the arming retarder (22) and adapted to release the first locking member (14) in order to allow the arming device to be switched into an active position,- a trajectory pyrotechnical retarder (32) separate from the arming retarder (22),- a first relay charge (29) adapted to be ignited at the end of the combustion of the arming retarder (22) and to trigger the ignition of the trajectory retarder (32) and the actuation of the second locking member (16) for locking the arming device (40) in an active position if it is in that position, and- a second relay charge (34) arranged to be ignited at the end of the combustion of the trajectory retarder (32) and to trigger the ignition of the main charge if the arming device is in the active position.
- The pyrotechnical charge according to claim 1, characterized in that it also comprises:- a mobile part (30) supporting the trajectory retarder (32) and the second relay charge (34), said mobile part being able to be displaced between a withdrawn position in which the second relay charge is not in position to ignite the main charge, and an advanced position in which the second relay charge is in position to ignite the main charge, and- a third locking member (13) of said mobile part in the withdrawn position, the third locking member being arranged to be released in response to the ignition of the first relay charge (26).
- The pyrotechnical chain according to any one of claim 1 and 2, characterized in that it also comprises:- a device (60) forming a screen inserted between the second relay charge (34) and the main charge, and- means (18, 44) for progressively eliminating said device forming a screen when the arming device (40) is in the active position.
- The pyrotechnical chain according to claim 3, characterized in that the device forming a screen comprises a bed of beads (60) that can flow through openings (18, 44) covered when the arming device (40) is in the rest position and released when the arming device is in the active position.
- The pyrotechnical chain according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it also comprises:- a support (20) for the arming retarder that can be moved between a rest position and an active position,- a fourth locking member (11) to lock the arming retarder support in the rest position, and- a fifth locking member (12) to lock the arming retarder support when it has reached the active position,- the igniting of the squib (26) causing the release of the fourth locking member and the displacement of the arming retarder support toward its active position in which it causes the release of the first locking member (14) to allow the arming device (40) to go to the active position.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0755562A FR2917159B1 (en) | 2007-06-07 | 2007-06-07 | PYROTECHNIC IGNITION CHAIN OF A MAIN PROPULSION CHARGE OF A MISSILE. |
PCT/FR2008/050971 WO2009001000A2 (en) | 2007-06-07 | 2008-06-03 | Pyrotechnical chain for igniting a main propulsion charge for a missile |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2153162A2 EP2153162A2 (en) | 2010-02-17 |
EP2153162B1 true EP2153162B1 (en) | 2010-12-08 |
Family
ID=38893332
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP08805914A Active EP2153162B1 (en) | 2007-06-07 | 2008-06-03 | Pyrotechnical chain for igniting a main propulsion charge for a missile |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2153162B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE491133T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE602008003925D1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2917159B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2009001000A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
RU197618U1 (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-05-18 | Российская Федерация, от имени которой выступает Государственная корпорация по атомной энергии "Росатом" (Госкорпорация "Росатом") | ACTIVITY MEANS |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH353285A (en) * | 1960-05-20 | 1961-03-31 | Energa | Safety device in time, especially for prjectile rocket |
CH617262A5 (en) * | 1977-12-02 | 1980-05-14 | Sarmac Sa | |
DE3743536A1 (en) * | 1987-12-22 | 1989-07-06 | Diehl Gmbh & Co | Detonator for a carrier projectile |
DE4127023C2 (en) * | 1991-08-16 | 1999-09-23 | Rheinmetall W & M Gmbh | Propellant lighter with a firing pin biased by a spring |
-
2007
- 2007-06-07 FR FR0755562A patent/FR2917159B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2008
- 2008-06-03 DE DE602008003925T patent/DE602008003925D1/en active Active
- 2008-06-03 AT AT08805914T patent/ATE491133T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-06-03 EP EP08805914A patent/EP2153162B1/en active Active
- 2008-06-03 WO PCT/FR2008/050971 patent/WO2009001000A2/en active Application Filing
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2153162A2 (en) | 2010-02-17 |
ATE491133T1 (en) | 2010-12-15 |
FR2917159A1 (en) | 2008-12-12 |
FR2917159B1 (en) | 2009-09-04 |
WO2009001000A3 (en) | 2009-04-16 |
WO2009001000A2 (en) | 2008-12-31 |
DE602008003925D1 (en) | 2011-01-20 |
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