EP0675336B1 - Projectile, in particular non lethal bullet - Google Patents

Projectile, in particular non lethal bullet Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0675336B1
EP0675336B1 EP95400677A EP95400677A EP0675336B1 EP 0675336 B1 EP0675336 B1 EP 0675336B1 EP 95400677 A EP95400677 A EP 95400677A EP 95400677 A EP95400677 A EP 95400677A EP 0675336 B1 EP0675336 B1 EP 0675336B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
projectile
product
skirt
impact
projectile according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95400677A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0675336A1 (en
Inventor
Raymond Tougeron
Daniel Casenave
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Etienne LaCroix Tous Artifices SA
Original Assignee
Etienne LaCroix Tous Artifices SA
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Publication of EP0675336A1 publication Critical patent/EP0675336A1/en
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Publication of EP0675336B1 publication Critical patent/EP0675336B1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F42B12/40—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information of target-marking, i.e. impact-indicating type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F42B12/46—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing gases, vapours, powders or chemically-reactive substances

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a projectile, in particular a bullet, intended to put out of action a opponent without major risk of fatal injury.
  • Such projectiles are used by the forces of order to put an end to the troubles on the way public during agitated demonstrations or riots.
  • projectiles intended to be used in front of demonstrators.
  • projectiles which, fired in the direction of the crowd but towards the sky, release suffocating gases or irritants, causing the protesters to disperse.
  • the present invention therefore aims to combine in the same projectile the interests of the two types of previously mentioned projectiles by removing the effect undesirable due to excessive dispersion of gases.
  • the subject of the invention is therefore a projectile or bullet according to the preamble of claim 1 and characterized in the projectile body has a propulsion motor as well as an additional portion along its length small diameter followed by a shoulder forming a plane of braking perpendicular to the direction of travel of the projectile.
  • a projectile is shown self-propelled comprising a body 1, formed by a nose 2 with rounded tip, extended by a skirt 3 cylindrical, itself connected to a base 4 carrying a motor 5.
  • the cylindrical skirt 3 and the base 4 are two separate pieces nested one on the other but we can also conceive that the cylindrical skirt 3 is integral with the base 4.
  • the skirt 3 defines a housing 6 between the nose 2 and the base 4. In this housing 6 there is a capsule 7 containing an irritant liquid 8.
  • the thickness of the walls of the capsule 7 is sufficient weak to allow rapid breakage of walls as soon as the irritant liquid 8 is subjected to a significant pressure, thus causing his release.
  • the nose 2 has a warp-shaped part 9 made of a material capable of absorbing by deforming part of the impact energy (rubber for example).
  • This warhead-shaped part is completed by an element solid cylindrical 10 made of rigid plastic bonded to its flat base.
  • the base 4 of generally cylindrical shape comprises a guide wall 11 allowing its nesting in the skirt 3 to thereby form a compact assembly which with the nose 2 forms the body 1 of the ball.
  • the base 4 On its back side, the base 4 has a central well 12 in which the motor 5 is housed.
  • the base 4 is made by molding in material plastic and has recessed portions 13 in order to decrease the total mass.
  • the motor 5 has a conventional constitution for self-propelled projectiles. It consists of a cylindrical body 14 and a nozzle 15, both made made of metal.
  • the cylindrical body of the engine can also be formed by the walls of an axial bore made in base 4.
  • the nozzle is crimped, glued or machined on the body 14.
  • the nozzle 15 has in its center, flush the rear face of the base 4, a percussion primer 16 or electric depending on the type of launcher used.
  • the cylindrical body 14 of the motor 5 thus formed contains a propellant powder 17 connected to the primer 16 by conventional suitable means.
  • a compensation piece volume 18 is added to the engine as a function the amount of powder required.
  • the number, inclination and diameter of holes in the nozzle 15, the mass and the nature of the powder, as well as the size of the compensation piece 18 are adapted according to the desired characteristics of the projectile.
  • Such a projectile is intended to be fired at from an individual weapon with a suitable barrel to the caliber of the projectile and a firing device of the primer. As seen in Figure 1, such a projectile does not have a socket and does not therefore leaves nothing in the weapon after being drawn.
  • the cylindrical element 10 then compresses the fluid 8 contained in the capsule 7 against the base 4, causing the capsule walls to rupture and therefore the release of the fluid contained therein.
  • FIG. 3 there is shown schematically a projectile according to the invention of the same type as that of FIG. 1 and does not differing from it only by its base 4.
  • the cylindrical base 4 has a portion 30 cylindrical of smaller diameter. This portion 30 is extended on one side by a flared portion of diameter ascending 31 towards the front and is limited towards the rear by a stabilization braking plane 32.
  • the rear of the base extending beyond the braking plane 32 comprises a chamfer 33.
  • This particular structure is suitable for braking the ball, which provides air means resistant to advancement. Furthermore, the plan braking 32 ensures the stabilization of the ball.
  • the skirt 40 came from material with the warp-shaped part 41 of the nose 2, thus forming a warhead 42 made of a deformable material (rubber for example) and forms with the base 4 engaged in the skirt 40, as seen in FIG. 4, a housing 43 containing the irritant liquid.
  • the skirt 50 made of material with the warp-shaped part 41 of the nose 2 includes a portion 51 in the form of a compressible bellows. This bellows is intended to absorb part of the energy during shock.
  • This portion 51 in the form of a compressible bellows defined with the base engaged in the skirt (not shown) the housing for the fluid which is therefore opposite said bellows.
  • FIG. 6 a projectile is shown according to another embodiment.
  • a tube 59 with the same axis as the base 4 and the skirt 3 extends from the base 4 in the housing 6 intended to contain the fluid.
  • a circular groove 60 is arranged on the base 4 to allow embedding of the tube in the base.
  • a glue can be added during assembly to ensure the seal between the tube and the base.
  • the housing 6 intended to contain the fluid has a toroidal shape and contains a spongy material 61 intended to contain the irritant liquid.
  • a nose 62 forming a plug, has one end hemispherical projection. It has a piston axial 63 engaged in the tube 59.
  • Guide means 64 made of material with the nose 62 allow the nose to enter the skirt 3 along the main axis of the projectile during an impact.
  • the guide means 64 comprise a part cylindrical cooperating with the end of the skirt 3 and present in the vicinity of the hemispherical part of the nose a flared portion 65 whose maximum diameter is greater the inside diameter of the skirt 3. During the impact, the nose forming a plug enters the skirt 3 and the part flared 65 of the nose promotes the bursting of this skirt.
  • the piston 63 enters the tube 60 which, subject to the overpressure of the air it contains, bursts thus favoring the dispersion of the fluid 8 contained in the capsule 7 through the skirt 3, itself torn according to its breaking points.
  • Fluid can also be placed directly in the housing 6 delimited by the skirt 3, the nose 2 and the base 4.
  • the propulsion engine remains always attached to the projectile. Because of this, this type of projectile leaves nothing in the launcher like for example a socket. It can be drawn from a very simple design launcher, easy to use, very handy and does not require the use of rifle anti-riot type for example, with magazine and ejector socket.
  • the propulsion engine can be self-propelled type, this gives the projectile speed increasing over part of its trajectory.
  • the projectile thus achieves its full effectiveness at a shooting distance determined. In the first part of the trajectory, the effect is therefore attenuated, which gives it security at the start of the trajectory.
  • the propulsion engine can be of impulse type; this gives the projectile a determined initial speed which is then almost constant.
  • the projectile thus has the same effectiveness and the same safety over its entire useful trajectory.
  • the projectile can be used on a target alive, but also on a fixed non-living target or mobile, especially when the fluid in the projectile is a marker fluid.
  • the fluid can be replaced by any type of product, a powder for example.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)

Abstract

The projectile, esp. a bullet, consists of a case (1) with an inner cavity (6) containing an active product (8) such as an irritant fluid, a powder or a dye, which is released on impact. It has a propellant element (5) and can have a recess shaped to form a braking surface lying perpendicular to the direction of the bullet's trajectory. The case can also have rupture lines so that it bursts more easily on impact to disperse the product inside. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention concerne un projectile, notamment une balle, destinée à mettre hors de combat un adversaire sans risque majeur de blessure mortelle.The present invention relates to a projectile, in particular a bullet, intended to put out of action a opponent without major risk of fatal injury.

De tels projectiles sont utilisés par les forces de l'ordre pour faire cesser les troubles sur la voie publique lors de manifestations agitées ou d'émeutes.Such projectiles are used by the forces of order to put an end to the troubles on the way public during agitated demonstrations or riots.

On connaít actuellement dans l'état de la technique des projectiles en caoutchouc ou matériaux équivalents qui sont destinés à être tirés en tir tendu sur des manifestants afin de les neutraliser. Les charges propulsives sont adaptées pour que l'impact du projectile sur le manifestant ne crée que des meurtrissures sans danger pour la vie de celui-ci.We currently know in the state of technique of rubber projectiles or equivalent materials which are intended to be fired on demonstrators to neutralize them. The charges propellants are adapted so that the impact of the projectile on the protester only creates bruises without danger to his life.

On connaít également d'autres types de projectiles destinés à être utilisés face à des manifestants. En particulier, des projectiles qui, tirés en direction de la foule mais vers le ciel, libèrent des gaz suffocants ou irritants, provoquant la dispersion des manifestants.We also know other types of projectiles intended to be used in front of demonstrators. In particular, projectiles which, fired in the direction of the crowd but towards the sky, release suffocating gases or irritants, causing the protesters to disperse.

Avec le premier type de projectile, l'effet induit par le choc n'est pas toujours suffisant pour stopper l'assaillant surtout s'il dispose d'un bouclier de protection.With the first type of projectile, the effect shock induced is not always enough to stop the attacker especially if he has a shield protection.

Les projectiles libèrant des gaz présentent eux l'inconvénient de libérer leur substance dans un espace très large, du fait de la nature du tir et donc d'incommoder un grand nombre de personnes se trouvant sur les lieux parmi lesquelles figurent parfois des personnes non impliquées dans les troubles, ou bien même les forces de l'ordre lorsqu'elles reprennent possession du terrain occupé précédemment par les manifestants au moment du tir et dont l'air est largement chargé des gaz.Projectiles releasing gases present them the downside of releasing their substance into a space very wide, due to the nature of the shot and therefore to inconvenience a large number of people on the scene sometimes including people not involved in unrest, or even law enforcement when they regain possession of the occupied land previously by the demonstrators at the time of the shooting and whose the air is heavily charged with gases.

On connait par ailleurs des documents GB-A-2.213572 et US-A-3.782286 un projectile comportant les caractéristiques du préambule de la revendication1.We also know from documents GB-A-2.213572 and US-A-3.782286 a projectile comprising the characteristics of the preamble of claim 1.

La présente invention a donc pour but de conjuguer en un même projectile les intérêts des deux types de projectiles précédemment évoqués en supprimant l'effet indésirable dû à la dispersion excessive des gaz. The present invention therefore aims to combine in the same projectile the interests of the two types of previously mentioned projectiles by removing the effect undesirable due to excessive dispersion of gases.

Elle vise donc à créer un projectile permettant de créer un effet d'impact lors du choc du projectile sur sa cible et un effet neutralisant par libération d'un fluide irritant au voisinage du point d'impact.It therefore aims to create a projectile allowing to create an impact effect during the impact of the projectile on its target and a neutralizing effect by releasing a irritant fluid near the point of impact.

L'invention a donc pour objet un projectile ou balle selon le préambule de la revendication 1 et caractérisé en ce que le corps du projectile comporte un moteur de propulsion ainsi que, sur sa longueur, une portion de plus faible diamètre suivie d'un épaulement formant un plan de freinage perpendiculaire à la direction de déplacement du projectile.The subject of the invention is therefore a projectile or bullet according to the preamble of claim 1 and characterized in the projectile body has a propulsion motor as well as an additional portion along its length small diameter followed by a shoulder forming a plane of braking perpendicular to the direction of travel of the projectile.

Suivant d'autres caractéristiques :

  • le corps comporte des amorces de rupture facilitant son éclatement lors d'un impact pour permettre la libération du produit contenu dans le logement ;
  • les amorces de rupture sont constituées par des entailles pratiquées suivant des génératrices du corps ;
  • le corps comporte dans son nez des moyens d'absorption d'une partie de l'énergie lors du choc d'impact ;
  • le corps comprend une pièce massive déformable en forme générale d'ogive prolongée par une jupe délimitant le logement pour le produit et reliée à son tour à une embase ;
  • les amorces de rupture sont ménagées dans la jupe au moins en regard du logement de réception contenant le produit ;
  • la jupe du corps comporte au moins une partie en forme de soufflet compressible pour absorber une partie de l'énergie lors du choc d'impact ;
  • le nez du corps forme un bouchon évasé dont une partie fait saillie à l'extérieur de la jupe et dont une partie engagée dans la jupe amorce la rupture du corps lors de l'impact ;
  • le logement de réception contenant le produit comporte une capsule formant capacité contenant le produit ;
  • le logement de réception contenant le produit comporte un matériau spongieux apte à contenir du fluide ;
  • le nez du corps est réalisé en un matériau contondant comme du caoutchouc ;
  • le logement de réception contenant le produit comporte suivant son axe un tube solidaire de l'embase du projectile et fermé en regard de cette embase et le nez comporte un piston adapté pour coopérer avec le tube et provoquer l'éclatement de celui-ci par surpression de l'air emprisonné dans le tube lors de l'impact, facilitant ainsi la libération du produit contenu dans le logement ;
According to other characteristics:
  • the body comprises fracture primers facilitating its bursting upon impact to allow the release of the product contained in the housing;
  • the incipient fractures consist of notches made along generatrices of the body;
  • the body has in its nose means for absorbing part of the energy during the impact shock;
  • the body comprises a solid deformable part in the general shape of a warhead extended by a skirt delimiting the housing for the product and in turn connected to a base;
  • the breaking points are formed in the skirt at least opposite the receiving housing containing the product;
  • the body skirt has at least one part in the form of a compressible bellows for absorbing part of the energy during the impact shock;
  • the nose of the body forms a flared stopper, part of which projects outside the skirt and a part of which engages in the skirt initiates the rupture of the body on impact;
  • the receiving housing containing the product comprises a capacity-forming capsule containing the product;
  • the receiving housing containing the product comprises a spongy material capable of containing fluid;
  • the nose of the body is made of a blunt material like rubber;
  • the receiving housing containing the product comprises along its axis a tube secured to the base of the projectile and closed opposite this base and the nose comprises a piston adapted to cooperate with the tube and cause the bursting thereof by overpressure air trapped in the tube upon impact, thus facilitating the release of the product contained in the housing;

L'invention sera mieux comprise et d'autres avantages apparaítront à la lecture de la description qui va suivre, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple et faite en se référant aux dessins annexés, sur lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en coupe d'un projectile.
  • la figure 2 est une vue en perspective d'un exemple de corps de projectile portant des amorces de rupture ;
  • la figure 3 est une vue en coupe d'un mode de réalisation du projectile suivant l'invention, cette figure étant la seule qui décrit toutes les caractéristiques de la revendication 1;
  • les figures 4 et 6 sont des vues en coupe d'autres modes de réalisation du projectile.
  • la figure 5 est une vue en coupe d'un exemple de corps suivant l'invention portant un soufflet compressible.
    • The invention will be better understood and other advantages will appear on reading the description which follows, given solely by way of example and made with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
  • Figure 1 is a sectional view of a projectile.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an example of a projectile body carrying incipient fractures;
  • Figure 3 is a sectional view of an embodiment of the projectile according to the invention, this figure being the only one which describes all the features of claim 1;
  • Figures 4 and 6 are sectional views of other embodiments of the projectile.
  • Figure 5 is a sectional view of an exemplary body according to the invention carrying a compressible bellows.

    • Sur la figure 1, on a représenté un projectile autopropulseur comprenant un corps 1, formé d'un nez 2 à pointe arrondie, prolongé d'une jupe 3 cylindrique, reliée elle-même à une embase 4 portant un moteur 5. Ici, la jupe cylindrique 3 et l'embase 4 sont deux pièces distinctes emboítées l'une sur l'autre mais on peut également concevoir que la jupe cylindrique 3 soit venue de matière avec l'embase 4.In Figure 1, a projectile is shown self-propelled comprising a body 1, formed by a nose 2 with rounded tip, extended by a skirt 3 cylindrical, itself connected to a base 4 carrying a motor 5. Here, the cylindrical skirt 3 and the base 4 are two separate pieces nested one on the other but we can also conceive that the cylindrical skirt 3 is integral with the base 4.

    La jupe 3 délimite un logement 6 compris entre le nez 2 et l'embase 4. Dans ce logement 6 se trouve une capsule 7 contenant un liquide irritant 8.The skirt 3 defines a housing 6 between the nose 2 and the base 4. In this housing 6 there is a capsule 7 containing an irritant liquid 8.

    L'épaisseur des parois de la capsule 7 est suffisamment faible pour permettre la rupture rapide des parois dès que le liquide irritant 8 est soumis à une pression importante, provoquant ainsi sa libération.The thickness of the walls of the capsule 7 is sufficient weak to allow rapid breakage of walls as soon as the irritant liquid 8 is subjected to a significant pressure, thus causing his release.

    Le nez 2 présente une partie en forme d'ogive 9 réalisée en un matériau capable d'absorber en se déformant une partie de l'énergie de choc (caoutchouc par exemple). Cette partie en forme d'ogive est complétée par un élément cylindrique plein 10 en matière plastique rigide collé sur sa base plane.The nose 2 has a warp-shaped part 9 made of a material capable of absorbing by deforming part of the impact energy (rubber for example). This warhead-shaped part is completed by an element solid cylindrical 10 made of rigid plastic bonded to its flat base.

    L'embase 4 de forme générale cylindrique comporte une paroi de guidage 11 permettant son emboítement dans la jupe 3 pour former ainsi un ensemble compact qui avec le nez 2 forme le corps 1 de la balle. Sur sa face arrière, l'embase 4 comporte un puits central 12 dans lequel est logé le moteur 5.The base 4 of generally cylindrical shape comprises a guide wall 11 allowing its nesting in the skirt 3 to thereby form a compact assembly which with the nose 2 forms the body 1 of the ball. On its back side, the base 4 has a central well 12 in which the motor 5 is housed.

    L'embase 4 est réalisée par moulage en matière plastique et présente des parties évidées 13 afin d'en diminuer la masse totale.The base 4 is made by molding in material plastic and has recessed portions 13 in order to decrease the total mass.

    Le moteur 5 possède une constitution classique pour les projectiles autopropulsés. Il est constitué d'un corps cylindrique 14 et d'une tuyère 15, tous deux réalisés en métal. The motor 5 has a conventional constitution for self-propelled projectiles. It consists of a cylindrical body 14 and a nozzle 15, both made made of metal.

    Le corps cylindrique du moteur peut également être constitué par les parois d'un alésage axial pratiqué dans l'embase 4.The cylindrical body of the engine can also be formed by the walls of an axial bore made in base 4.

    La tuyère est sertie, collée ou usinée sur le corps 14.The nozzle is crimped, glued or machined on the body 14.

    La tuyère 15 comporte en son centre, affleurant la face arrière de l'embase 4, une amorce 16 à percussion ou électrique suivant le type de lanceur utilisé.The nozzle 15 has in its center, flush the rear face of the base 4, a percussion primer 16 or electric depending on the type of launcher used.

    Le corps cylindrique 14 du moteur 5 ainsi formé contient une poudre propulsive 17 reliée à l'amorce 16 par des moyens appropriés classiques. Une pièce de compensation volumique 18 est ajoutée dans le moteur en fonction de la quantité de poudre nécessaire.The cylindrical body 14 of the motor 5 thus formed contains a propellant powder 17 connected to the primer 16 by conventional suitable means. A compensation piece volume 18 is added to the engine as a function the amount of powder required.

    Le nombre, l'inclinaison et le diamètre des trous de la tuyère 15, la masse et la nature de la poudre, ainsi que la taille de la pièce de compensation 18 sont adaptés en fonction des caractéristiques désirées du projectile.The number, inclination and diameter of holes in the nozzle 15, the mass and the nature of the powder, as well as the size of the compensation piece 18 are adapted according to the desired characteristics of the projectile.

    Un tel projectile est destiné à être tiré à partir d'une arme individuelle comportant un canon adapté au calibre du projectile et un dispositif de mise à feu de l'amorce. Comme on le voit sur la figure 1, un tel projectile ne comporte pas de douille et ne laisse donc aucun élément dans l'arme après avoir été tiré.Such a projectile is intended to be fired at from an individual weapon with a suitable barrel to the caliber of the projectile and a firing device of the primer. As seen in Figure 1, such a projectile does not have a socket and does not therefore leaves nothing in the weapon after being drawn.

    Sur la figure 2, on peut voir un mode de réalisation de la jupe 3 du projectile précédemment décrit. La jupe 3 constituée d'un matériau plastique comporte suivant des génératrices des amorces de rupture 19 débouchant sur une seule extrémité 20 de la jupe. Une fois le projectile assemblé, ces amorces de rupture sont en regard du logement 6 contenant le liquide 8. La partie 21 de la jupe dépourvue d'amorces de rupture est destinée à recevoir l'embase 4. In Figure 2, we can see an embodiment of the skirt 3 of the previously described projectile. The skirt 3 made of a plastic material has the following generators of the initiators of rupture 19 leading to only one end 20 of the skirt. Once the projectile assembled, these breaking points are opposite the housing 6 containing the liquid 8. Part 21 of the skirt devoid of breaking points is intended to receive the base 4.

    Lors du choc d'un projectile tel que décrit, avec une cible, le nez 2 s'écrase contre la cible, absorbant par déformation une partie de l'énergie de la balle.During the impact of a projectile as described, with a target, nose 2 crashes against the target, absorbing by deformation part of the energy of the ball.

    L'élément cylindrique 10 vient alors comprimer le fluide 8 contenu dans la capsule 7 contre l'embase 4, provoquant la rupture des parois de la capsule et donc la libération du fluide contenu dans celle-ci.The cylindrical element 10 then compresses the fluid 8 contained in the capsule 7 against the base 4, causing the capsule walls to rupture and therefore the release of the fluid contained therein.

    La jupe 3 sous l'effet du choc se déchire en tulipe suivant les amorces de rupture 19, afin de libérer vers l'extérieur le fluide 8 irritant contenu dans le logement 6.The skirt 3 under the effect of the shock tears in tulip following the incipient fractures 19, in order to release outwardly the irritant fluid 8 contained in the housing 6.

    Sur la figure 3, on a représenté schématiquement un projectile selon l'invention de même type que celui de la figure 1 et ne différant de celui-ci que par son embase 4. En effet, sur la figure 3, l'embase cylindrique 4 comporte une portion 30 cylindrique de plus faible diamètre. Cette portion 30 est prolongée d'un côté par une portion évasée de diamètre croissant 31 vers l'avant et est limitée vers l'arrière par un plan de freinage de stabilisation 32. L'arrière de l'embase s'étendant au-delà du plan de freinage 32 comporte un chanfrein 33.In Figure 3, there is shown schematically a projectile according to the invention of the same type as that of FIG. 1 and does not differing from it only by its base 4. Indeed, on Figure 3, the cylindrical base 4 has a portion 30 cylindrical of smaller diameter. This portion 30 is extended on one side by a flared portion of diameter ascending 31 towards the front and is limited towards the rear by a stabilization braking plane 32. The rear of the base extending beyond the braking plane 32 comprises a chamfer 33.

    Cette structure particulière est adaptée pour assurer un freinage de la balle, celle-ci offrant à l'air des moyens résistant à l'avancement. Par ailleurs, le plan de freinage 32 assure la stabilisation de la balle.This particular structure is suitable for braking the ball, which provides air means resistant to advancement. Furthermore, the plan braking 32 ensures the stabilization of the ball.

    On peut, en fonction des besoins, moduler les dimensions et les formes du profil extérieur du corps de la balle.We can, depending on the needs, adjust the dimensions and shapes of the body's exterior profile the ball.

    Sur la figure 4, on peut voir un projectile semblable à celui décrit en référence à la figure 1, certains éléments n'ayant pas été représentés.In figure 4, we can see a projectile similar to that described with reference to FIG. 1, some elements not having been represented.

    Sur cette figure, la jupe 40 est venue de matière avec la partie en forme d'ogive 41 du nez 2, formant ainsi une ogive 42 réalisée en un matériau déformable (caoutchouc par exemple) et forme avec l'embase 4 engagée dans la jupe 40, comme on le voit sur la figure 4, un logement 43 contenant le liquide irritant.In this figure, the skirt 40 came from material with the warp-shaped part 41 of the nose 2, thus forming a warhead 42 made of a deformable material (rubber for example) and forms with the base 4 engaged in the skirt 40, as seen in FIG. 4, a housing 43 containing the irritant liquid.

    Suivant un autre mode de réalisation, représenté sur la figure 5, la jupe 50 venue de matière avec la partie en forme d'ogive 41 du nez 2 comprend une portion 51 en forme de soufflet compressible. Ce soufflet est destiné à absorber une partie de l'énergie lors du choc.According to another embodiment, shown in Figure 5, the skirt 50 made of material with the warp-shaped part 41 of the nose 2 includes a portion 51 in the form of a compressible bellows. This bellows is intended to absorb part of the energy during shock.

    Cette portion 51 en forme de soufflet compressible définit avec l'embase engagée dans la jupe (non représentée) le logement pour le fluide qui est donc en regard dudit soufflet.This portion 51 in the form of a compressible bellows defined with the base engaged in the skirt (not shown) the housing for the fluid which is therefore opposite said bellows.

    Sur la figure 6, est représenté un projectile selon un autre mode de réalisation. Un tube 59 de même axe que l'embase 4 et la jupe 3 s'étend depuis l'embase 4 dans le logement 6 destiné à contenir le fluide. Une gorge circulaire 60 est aménagée sur l'embase 4 pour permettre l'encastrement du tube dans l'embase. Une colle peut être ajoutée lors du montage pour assurer l'étanchéité entre le tube et l'embase.In Figure 6, a projectile is shown according to another embodiment. A tube 59 with the same axis as the base 4 and the skirt 3 extends from the base 4 in the housing 6 intended to contain the fluid. A circular groove 60 is arranged on the base 4 to allow embedding of the tube in the base. A glue can be added during assembly to ensure the seal between the tube and the base.

    Dans ce cas, la logement 6 destiné à contenir le fluide a une forme toroïdale et contient un matériau spongieux 61 destiné à contenir le liquide irritant.In this case, the housing 6 intended to contain the fluid has a toroidal shape and contains a spongy material 61 intended to contain the irritant liquid.

    Un nez 62, formant bouchon, présente une extrémité en saillie hémisphérique. Il est muni d'un piston axial 63 engagé dans le tube 59.A nose 62, forming a plug, has one end hemispherical projection. It has a piston axial 63 engaged in the tube 59.

    Des moyens de guidage 64 venus de matière avec le nez 62 permettent au nez de pénétrer dans la jupe 3 suivant l'axe principal du projectile lors d'un choc.Guide means 64 made of material with the nose 62 allow the nose to enter the skirt 3 along the main axis of the projectile during an impact.

    Les moyens de guidage 64 comportent une partie cylindrique coopérant avec l'extrémité de la jupe 3 et présentent au voisinage de la partie hémisphérique du nez une portion évasée 65 dont le diamètre maximum est supérieur au diamètre intérieur de la jupe 3. Lors du choc, le nez formant bouchon pénètre dans la jupe 3 et la partie évasée 65 du nez favorise l'éclatement de cette jupe.The guide means 64 comprise a part cylindrical cooperating with the end of the skirt 3 and present in the vicinity of the hemispherical part of the nose a flared portion 65 whose maximum diameter is greater the inside diameter of the skirt 3. During the impact, the nose forming a plug enters the skirt 3 and the part flared 65 of the nose promotes the bursting of this skirt.

    Lors du choc, le piston 63 pénètre dans le tube 60 qui, soumis à la surpression de l'air qu'il contient, éclate favorisant ainsi la dispersion du fluide 8 contenu dans la capsule 7 au travers de la jupe 3, elle-même déchirée suivant ses amorces de rupture.During the impact, the piston 63 enters the tube 60 which, subject to the overpressure of the air it contains, bursts thus favoring the dispersion of the fluid 8 contained in the capsule 7 through the skirt 3, itself torn according to its breaking points.

    La description qui précède présente des projectiles dans lesquels on a placé un fluide irritant. Celui-ci peut bien sûr être remplacé par tout autre fluide par exemple un fluide marqueur.The above description presents projectiles in which an irritant fluid has been placed. This one can of course be replaced by any other fluid by example a marker fluid.

    Dans chacun des modes de réalisation décrits ci-dessus, on peut utiliser soit une capsule soit un corps spongieux pour contenir le fluide irritant 8.In each of the embodiments described above, you can use either a capsule or a body spongy to contain the irritant 8.

    Le fluide peut également être placé directement dans le logement 6 délimité par la jupe 3, le nez 2 et l'embase 4.Fluid can also be placed directly in the housing 6 delimited by the skirt 3, the nose 2 and the base 4.

    Le fait que le projectile porte le moteur de propulsion conduit à un certain nombre d'avantages.The fact that the projectile carries the Propulsion engine leads to a number of advantages.

    En particulier, le moteur de propulsion reste toujours solidaire du projectile. De ce fait, ce type de projectile ne laisse aucun élément dans le lanceur comme par exemple une douille. Il peut être tiré à partir d'un lanceur de conception très simple, facile d'utilisation, très maniable et ne nécessitant pas l'emploi de fusil de type anti-émeutes par exemple, avec chargeur et éjecteur de douille.In particular, the propulsion engine remains always attached to the projectile. Because of this, this type of projectile leaves nothing in the launcher like for example a socket. It can be drawn from a very simple design launcher, easy to use, very handy and does not require the use of rifle anti-riot type for example, with magazine and ejector socket.

    De plus, le moteur de propulsion peut être de type autopropulsé, ceci confère au projectile une vitesse croissante sur une partie de sa trajectoire. Le projectile atteint ainsi toute son efficacité à une distance de tir déterminée. Dans la première partie de la trajectoire, l'effet est donc atténué, ce qui lui confère une sécurité en début de trajectoire.In addition, the propulsion engine can be self-propelled type, this gives the projectile speed increasing over part of its trajectory. The projectile thus achieves its full effectiveness at a shooting distance determined. In the first part of the trajectory, the effect is therefore attenuated, which gives it security at the start of the trajectory.

    Par ailleurs, le moteur de propulsion peut être de type impulsionnel ; ceci confère au projectile une vitesse initiale déterminée qui est ensuite quasi constante. Le projectile présente ainsi la même efficacité et la même sécurité sur l'ensemble de sa trajectoire utile.Furthermore, the propulsion engine can be of impulse type; this gives the projectile a determined initial speed which is then almost constant. The projectile thus has the same effectiveness and the same safety over its entire useful trajectory.

    Le projectile peut être utilisé sur une cible vivante, mais également sur une cible non vivante fixe ou mobile, en particulier lorsque le fluide contenu dans le projectile est un fluide marqueur.The projectile can be used on a target alive, but also on a fixed non-living target or mobile, especially when the fluid in the projectile is a marker fluid.

    Par ailleurs, le fluide peut être remplacé par tout type de produit, une poudre par exemple.In addition, the fluid can be replaced by any type of product, a powder for example.

    Claims (12)

    1. Projectile, particularly a bullet, comprising a body (1) having a receiving housing (6) containing a product (8) effective against a live or other target and means for releasing this product when the projectile hits its target, characterised in that the body (1) of the projectile comprises a propulsion motor (5) and, over its length, a portion of smaller diameter (30) followed by a shoulder forming a deceleration plane (32) perpendicular to the direction of travel of the projectile.
    2. Projectile according to claim 1, characterised in that the body comprises fracture initiators (19) which facilitate its explosion on impact in order to permit the release of the product (8) contained in the housing (6).
    3. Projectile according to claims 1 and 2, characterised in that the fracture initiators (19) consist of notches formed along the generatrices of the body.
    4. Projectile according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the body comprises, in its nose (2), means for absorbing some of the energy during the shock of impact.
    5. Projectile according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the body comprises a deformable solid part in the general form of a nose cone (9) extended by a skirt (3) demarcating the housing (6) for the product (8) and connected in turn to a base (4).
    6. Projectile according to claims 2 or 3 and 5, characterised in that the fracture initiators (19) are formed in the skirt (3) at least facing the receiving housing (6) containing the product.
    7. Projectile according to claim 5, characterised in that the skirt (3) of the body comprises at least one part (51) in the form of a compressible bellows for absorbing some of the energy during the shock of impact.
    8. Projectile according to claim 5, characterised in that the nose (2) of the body forms a flared plug (62) part of which projects outside the skirt (3) and part of which, engaging in the skirt (3), triggers the fracture of the body on impact.
    9. Projectile according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the receiving housing (6) containing the product (8) comprises a capsule (7) forming a container holding the product.
    10. Projectile according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the receiving housing containing the product comprises a spongy material suitable for containing fluid.
    11. Projectile according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the nose (2) of the body (1) is made of a blunt material such as rubber.
    12. Projectile according to one of claims 1 to 11 and 5, characterised in that the receiving housing (6) containing the product (8) comprises, along its axis, a tube (60) fixedly attached to the base (4) of the projectile and closed off relative to this base and in that the nose (62) comprises a piston (63) adapted to co-operate with the tube (59) and cause the latter to explode by the excess pressure of the air trapped in the tube during impact, thus facilitating the release of the product (8) contained in the housing (6).
    EP95400677A 1994-03-31 1995-03-27 Projectile, in particular non lethal bullet Expired - Lifetime EP0675336B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (2)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    FR9403852 1994-03-31
    FR9403852A FR2718229B1 (en) 1994-03-31 1994-03-31 Projectile, especially a non-lethal bullet.

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    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP0675336A1 EP0675336A1 (en) 1995-10-04
    EP0675336B1 true EP0675336B1 (en) 1999-09-15

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    US (1) US5565649A (en)
    EP (1) EP0675336B1 (en)
    AT (1) ATE184698T1 (en)
    CA (1) CA2145950C (en)
    DE (1) DE69512118T2 (en)
    ES (1) ES2139157T3 (en)
    FR (1) FR2718229B1 (en)

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    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    CA2145950A1 (en) 1995-10-01
    ES2139157T3 (en) 2000-02-01
    US5565649A (en) 1996-10-15
    DE69512118D1 (en) 1999-10-21
    FR2718229B1 (en) 1996-06-21
    EP0675336A1 (en) 1995-10-04
    CA2145950C (en) 2002-01-29
    ATE184698T1 (en) 1999-10-15
    DE69512118T2 (en) 2000-02-03
    FR2718229A1 (en) 1995-10-06

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