EP2134897B1 - Séchoir à récupération de chaleur et procédé de fonctionnement - Google Patents

Séchoir à récupération de chaleur et procédé de fonctionnement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2134897B1
EP2134897B1 EP08717093A EP08717093A EP2134897B1 EP 2134897 B1 EP2134897 B1 EP 2134897B1 EP 08717093 A EP08717093 A EP 08717093A EP 08717093 A EP08717093 A EP 08717093A EP 2134897 B1 EP2134897 B1 EP 2134897B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
process air
dryer
channel
air
drying chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP08717093A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2134897A1 (fr
Inventor
Andreas Stolze
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BSH Hausgeraete GmbH
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BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeraete GmbH
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Publication of EP2134897A1 publication Critical patent/EP2134897A1/fr
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Publication of EP2134897B1 publication Critical patent/EP2134897B1/fr
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F58/00—Domestic laundry dryers
    • D06F58/20—General details of domestic laundry dryers 
    • D06F58/24—Condensing arrangements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a dryer with a drying chamber for the objects to be dried and a process air duct in which a heater for heating process air and a fan for driving the process air from the heater through the drying chamber and a heat exchanger assembly are through which heat exchanger assembly of the Drying chamber effluent process air heat-extractable and the process air flowing to the heating process can be supplied, wherein the process air duct has a Zu Kunststoffö réelle for drawing process air from an environment of the dryer and an exhaust port for expelling process air into the environment of the dryer.
  • the invention also relates to a method for operating such a dryer.
  • a tumble dryer is operated as a vented dryer or as a condensation dryer.
  • An exhaust air dryer passes heated air once through the laundry to be dried and carries this moisture-laden air through an exhaust hose from the exhaust air dryer and from the room in which it is placed.
  • a condensation dryer the operation of which is based on the condensation of moisture evaporated by means of warm process air from the laundry, requires no exhaust hose and allows energy recovery from the heated process air, for example by using a heat pump.
  • a tumble dryer is described with a heat pump circuit, in which a supply air opening is arranged in the process air channel between the condenser and the evaporator, which is closable with a controllable closure device.
  • an exhaust air dryer the air laden with moisture after passing through a laundry drum is generally passed out of the dryer.
  • an exhaust air dryer can be made simpler and thus cheaper.
  • An exhaust air dryer draws air from its environment during operation and uses it directly for drying. Such ambient air is usually relatively dry with a relative humidity of significantly less than 100%, and therefore can absorb a relatively large amount of moisture.
  • the circulating process air in a condensation dryer can generally only be dehumidified to 100% relative humidity at the lowest temperature present in the process air cycle, which limits its ability to absorb moisture from the objects to be dried and thus imposes some restrictions on the drying process.
  • the DE 30 00 865 A1 discloses a clothes dryer with heat recovery.
  • the tumble dryer consists of a container receiving and moving the laundry, into which a supply air flow heated by a heating element opens, while the moist warm air is conducted as exhaust air via an outlet.
  • a heat exchanger is arranged in front of the heating element, which is flowed through by the moist hot exhaust air from the container.
  • the tumble dryer is designed as a vented dryer.
  • ambient air normally flows into the heat exchanger surfaces of an air-to-air heat exchanger and is heated there by cooling the warm process air coming from the drying chamber.
  • supply air normally flows into the heat exchanger surfaces of an air-to-air heat exchanger and is heated there by cooling the warm process air coming from the drying chamber.
  • condensate is produced, which is collected or pumped away in a container.
  • an emptying is necessary and in the second case a connection to the sewage network.
  • the amount of accumulating condensate is a measure of the heat energy emitted in the heat exchanger and thus a measure of the improvement of energy efficiency.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a dryer with high energy efficiency, in which it is unnecessary to pump off condensate formed or to collect in a condensate collecting container for later disposal.
  • Preferred embodiments of the dryer according to the invention are listed in the subclaims 2 to 9. A preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention is listed in claim 11. In general, preferred embodiments of the dryer according to the invention correspond to embodiments of the method according to the invention, even if reference is not made in detail below.
  • the invention thus relates to a dryer with a drying chamber for the objects to be dried and a process air duct in which a heater for heating process air and a fan for driving the process air from the heater through the drying chamber and a heat exchanger assembly are through which heat exchanger assembly of The process air duct has a Zu Kunststoffö réelle for drawing process air from an environment of the dryer and an exhaust port for expelling process air into the environment of the dryer, characterized in that the process air duct branched between the drying chamber and the heat exchange arrangement in a main channel and a secondary channel, wherein the main channel leads to the heat exchange arrangement and the secondary channel leads past the heat exchange arrangement and a Evaporator contains on which condensate, which was deposited in the heat exchange arrangement of the process air, is evaporable into the process air flowing through, and is connected to the exhaust port.
  • the condensate separated during drying in this dryer is a measure of the return of heat energy in the drying process.
  • Energy balance of an exhaust air dryer without recirculation of heat the return of heat in particular be sized and adjusted by appropriate design of the dryer that a predetermined improvement in energy balance is achieved, for example, an improvement by which a classification of the dryer in a desired, compared to the Exhaust air dryer, which is expected to be better energy consumption class according to the usual system in the European Union would be possible.
  • it may be disregarded to seek a deposition of a maximum of moisture in the heat exchanger assembly.
  • To improve an energy consumption class from C for the simple exhaust air dryer to B for the heat recovery exhaust air dryer it may be sufficient to strive to deposit no more than 10 grams of condensate per minute. This poses the problem of storing a larger amount of condensate as in the condensation dryer not.
  • the main channel is connected to the exhaust air opening behind the heat exchanger arrangement, and the process air channel is connected to the supply air opening before the heat exchange arrangement.
  • the dryer according to the invention in which in principle an at least partial circulation of the process air is not excluded, perfected as exhaust air dryer.
  • the secondary channel is designed so that it allows the diversion of at most 50 vol .-%, preferably 20 to 40 vol .-%, most preferably 25 to 35 vol .-% of a process air flow in the process air duct after the exit from the drying chamber.
  • the evaporation channel is preferably a wettable by the condensate body with a large surface area, such as a non-woven, with which the secondary channel is designed.
  • the heat exchanger arrangement in the dryer according to the invention preferably has an evaporator and a condenser of a known heat pump circuit, wherein such a heat pump circuit is designed according to the principle of the compressor heat pump.
  • a dryer equipped with such a heat pump the cooling of the warm, moisture-laden process air essentially takes place in the evaporator of the heat pump, where the heat transferred is used to evaporate a refrigerant used in the heat pump cycle.
  • the refrigerant of the heat pump evaporated due to the heating is supplied via a compressor to the condenser of the heat pump, where due to the condensation of the gaseous refrigerant heat is released, which is used for heating the process air.
  • the refrigerant circulates in a closed circuit in which it passes from the condenser via a throttle back to the evaporator.
  • any heat pump can be used.
  • An advantage of the heat pump is that temperature levels for cooling or heating of the process air can be selected with some independence from each other, whereby the energy balance of the dryer under certain circumstances can be further improved; the additional equipment is, however, considerable.
  • the condenser of the heat pump is located in the process air duct between the blower and the heater or between the blower and the supply air opening.
  • the heat exchange arrangement is a single heat exchanger, in particular an air-to-air heat exchanger, in which the moist, hot process air from the drying chamber (drum) is used for heating supply air, which in turn is then fed to the drying chamber.
  • the secondary channel is adapted to store condensate. It is assumed that the absorption capacity of the process air flowing through the auxiliary channel during operation of the dryer for additional moisture is not always the same.
  • the process air flow in the drying chamber still absorbs little moisture and can therefore take up and remove condensate that is left over from a previous drying process.
  • the process air flow removes a relatively large amount of moisture from the objects to be dried and therefore can absorb less condensate; So it is advantageous if condensate, which can not be evaporated immediately, can initially remain stored.
  • the process air flow again becomes drier and at the same time warmer, and can therefore again absorb and remove condensate. If not all of the condensate can evaporate, a certain amount may remain stored until a subsequent drying process or be evaporated separately, as described above.
  • the invention also relates to a method for operating a dryer with a drying chamber for the objects to be dried and a process air duct in which a heater for heating process air and a blower for driving the process air from the heater through the drying chamber and a heat exchanger assembly, through which heat exchanger arrangement the heat withdrawn from the drying chamber process air heat withdrawn and supplied to the heating process air, process air is drawn through an air inlet from an environment of the dryer in the process air duct and ejected through an exhaust vent in the environment of the dryer, according to the invention, the process air branched between the drying chamber and the heat exchange arrangement in a main channel and a secondary channel, wherein the main channel carries a first process air stream to the heat exchange arrangement and the side channel passes a second process air stream past the heat exchange arrangement to a vaporizer at which condensate precipitated in the heat exchange arrangement from the first process air stream is evaporated into the second process air stream and to the exhaust air opening ,
  • the first process air stream is preferably at most 50% by volume, more preferably from 20 to 40% by volume, and the second partial process air stream at least 50% by volume, more preferably from 60 to 80% by volume, of the process air stream before the decomposition ie after the exit from the drying chamber.
  • the cooled process air leaving the heat exchange arrangement can be reheated and returned to the drying chamber.
  • the cooled process air can be passed as exhaust air via an exhaust port from the dryer.
  • the process air fed into the drying chamber consists exclusively of heated supply air. The heating of the supply air takes place here at least partially by heat exchange with the process air from the dryer and / or with the refrigerant in the condenser of a heat pump.
  • process air, supply air and / or refrigerant in the heat pump are each guided in a cross-flow or countercurrent process through the corresponding heat exchangers.
  • the dryer according to the invention has the advantage that it is in a better energy efficiency than a corresponding dryer without heat recovery and accumulating condensate can be transported without the need for a sump or pump to be emptied only by removal by means of process air to the outside.
  • the in Fig. 1 Dryer 1 shown as a sketch has a process air channel 2 and a drying chamber 3, which is a drum 3 rotatable about an axis 4.
  • Process air is guided by means of a blower 5 via a heater 6 through the drum 3 and a lint filter 7.
  • the process air is drawn in through a supply air opening 8 and pushed out through an exhaust air opening 9.
  • air passes directly from an environment of the dryer 1.
  • an exhaust hose 10 At the exhaust port 9 is connected an exhaust hose 10, with which the exhaust air from the dryer 1 away and from a room in which it is placed, is discharged.
  • a heat exchange arrangement 11, 12 is present; In her or the corresponding inlet channel 12 of the retracted through the supply air 8 process air heat is transferred from the effluent from the drum 3 and the lint filter 7 process air. After passing through the drum 3 so the moist, warm process air is cooled; however, the process air to be supplied to the heating system is preheated. The fully heated by the heater 6 process air is fed into the drum 3, where it comes into contact with the laundry to be dried and then flows to the lint filter 7. Then, the process air stream branches; a main part passes into the main channel 11, which leads through the heat exchanger f11, 12, where it gives off heat to freshly drawn supply air, which flows through the inlet channel 12 of the heat exchange arrangement 11, 12.
  • the amount of heat transferred must be measured on the basis of a concrete specification with regard to the energy balance of the dryer 1 and does not necessarily correspond to the full amount of heat available in the main duct 11.
  • One of the findings derived from this is that the full stream of process air flowing out of the drum 3 does not have to be used for heat exchange. Therefore, it is possible to use a part of the process air flow to condensate, which during cooling the process air in the main channel 11 is incurred to dispose of.
  • a secondary channel 13 is provided in which a corresponding part of the process air is introduced past the heat exchange arrangement 11, 12. Condensate, which is obtained in the main channel 11, passes through a corresponding channel 14 to the secondary channel 13.
  • the first branch 15 in the process air duct 2, at which the process air stream is divided into a first process air stream to the main channel 11 and a second process air stream to the secondary channel 13, is so dimensioned that the second process air stream comprises about 30% of the total available process air.
  • the second process air stream absorbs evaporating condensate and reunites at the second branch 16 with the first process air stream.
  • a evaporator 17 is designed in the form of a nonwoven 17; the fleece 17 absorbs the condensate and, supported by its relatively large surface area, discharges it to the second stream of process air flowing past it.
  • FIG. 2 a second embodiment is shown, but the components of the dryer 1 above the fan 5 and the lint filter 7 are not shown; they correspond to the components according to FIG. 1 ,
  • the heat exchange arrangement 11, 12 is not in a simple countercurrent or cross-flow heat exchanger 11, 12, but is formed by an evaporator 11 and a condenser 12 of a heat pump 11, 12, 18, 19, 20, which in addition a compressor 18th , a throttle 19 and a conduit system 20 for a recirculating and cyclically vaporized, to be compressed, to be liquefied and to be expanded refrigerant.
  • the main channel 11 and the sub-channel 13 function as in the dryer 1 of the embodiment according to FIG. 1
  • the heat pump 11, 12, 18, 19, 20 allows a freer adjustment of the temperature level in the main channel 11 and the inlet channel 12, and thus offers further options for optimizing the energy balance of the dryer. 1
  • the invention is not limited to exhaust air dryer, but in particular also includes those dryers that circulate the process air in any case in part.
  • a dryer according to the invention allows at least partial recovery of thermal energy that would otherwise be lost to the drying process. This can, but does not have to, use a heat pump. Therefore, the invention is also attractive from an economical point of view, particularly, but not exclusively, in an exhaust air dryer.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Detail Structures Of Washing Machines And Dryers (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Séchoir (1) avec une chambre de séchage (3) pour les objets à sécher et un conduit d'air de processus (2), dans lequel se trouvent un chauffage (6) pour réchauffer l'air de processus et une soufflante (5) pour faire passer par la chambre de séchage (3) l'air de processus venant du chauffage (6) ainsi qu'un ensemble d'échange thermique (11, 12) permettant d'extraire de la chaleur de l'air de processus qui s'écoule hors de la chambre de séchage (3) et auquel l'air de processus qui afflue dans le chauffage (6) peut être amené, le conduit d'air de processus (2) comportant un orifice d'entrée d'air (8) pour aspirer l'air de processus d'un environnement du séchoir (1) et un orifice de sortie d'air (9) pour expulser de l'air de processus dans l'environnement du séchoir (1), caractérisé en ce que le conduit d'air de processus (2), entre la chambre de séchage (3) et l'ensemble d'échange thermique (11, 12), se sépare en un conduit principal (11) et un conduit secondaire (13), le conduit principal (11) menant à l'ensemble d'échange thermique (11, 12) et le conduit secondaire (13) étant en by-pass par rapport à l'ensemble d'échange thermique (11, 12) et contenant un évaporateur (17) au niveau duquel le condensat, séparé de l'air de processus dans l'ensemble d'échange thermique (11, 12), peut être évaporé dans l'air de processus de passage et qui est relié à l'orifice d'évacuation d'air (9).
  2. Séchoir (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le conduit principal (11), en aval de l'ensemble d'échange thermique (11, 12), est relié à l'orifice d'évacuation d'air (9) et en ce que le conduit d'air de processus (2), en amont de l'ensemble d'échange thermique (11, 12), est relié à l'orifice d'entrée d'air (8).
  3. Séchoir (1) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le conduit secondaire (13) est réalisé de manière telle qu'il permet de dériver au maximum 50 % en volume d'un courant d'air de processus dans le conduit d'air de processus (2) après la sortie de la chambre de séchage (3).
  4. Séchoir (1) selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le conduit secondaire (13) est réalisé de manière telle qu'il permet la dérivation de 20 à 40 % en volume d'un courant d'air de processus dans le conduit d'air de processus (2) après la sortie de la chambre de séchage (3).
  5. Séchoir (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que l'évaporateur (17) est un corps (17) de grande surface pouvant être mouillé par le condensat.
  6. Séchoir (1) selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que le corps (17) est un non-tissé.
  7. Séchoir (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'ensemble d'échange thermique (11, 12) comporte un évaporateur (11) et un condenseur (12) d'un circuit de pompe à chaleur (11, 12, 22, 23).
  8. Séchoir selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'ensemble d'échange thermique (11, 12) est un unique échangeur thermique (11, 12).
  9. Séchoir selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le conduit secondaire (13) est aménagé pour le stockage de condensat.
  10. Procédé pour faire fonctionner un séchoir (1) avec une chambre de séchage (3) pour les objets à sécher et un conduit d'air de processus (2), dans lequel se trouvent un chauffage (6) pour réchauffer l'air de processus et une soufflante (5) pour faire passer par la chambre de séchage (3) l'air de processus venant du chauffage (6) ainsi qu'un ensemble d'échange thermique (11, 12) permettant d'extraire de la chaleur de l'air de processus qui s'écoule hors de la chambre de séchage (3) et auquel l'air de processus qui afflue dans le chauffage (6) est amené, de l'air de processus étant aspiré hors d'un environnement du séchoir (1) par un orifice d'entrée d'air (8) pour entrer dans le conduit d'air de processus (2) et étant expulsé dans l'environnement du séchoir (1) par un orifice d'évacuation d'air (9), caractérisé en ce que l'air de processus, entre la chambre de séchage (3) et l'ensemble d'échange thermique (11, 12), est réparti entre un conduit principal (11) et un conduit secondaire (13), le conduit principal (11) menant un premier courant d'air de processus à l'ensemble d'échange thermique (11, 12) et le conduit secondaire (13) menant, sans passer par l'ensemble d'échange thermique (11, 12), un deuxième courant d'air de processus à un premier évaporateur (17), au niveau duquel est évaporé dans le deuxième courant d'air de processus du condensat qui a été séparé du premier courant d'air de processus dans l'ensemble d'échange thermique (11, 12), et à l'orifice d'évacuation d'air (9).
  11. Procédé selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que le premier courant d'air de processus représente 20 à 40 % en volume de l'air de processus avant sa séparation en deux courants.
EP08717093A 2007-03-12 2008-02-25 Séchoir à récupération de chaleur et procédé de fonctionnement Not-in-force EP2134897B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102007011809A DE102007011809A1 (de) 2007-03-12 2007-03-12 Trockner mit Wärmerückgewinnung sowie Verfahren zu seinem Betrieb
PCT/EP2008/052259 WO2008110449A1 (fr) 2007-03-12 2008-02-25 Séchoir à récupération de chaleur et procédé de fonctionnement

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2134897A1 EP2134897A1 (fr) 2009-12-23
EP2134897B1 true EP2134897B1 (fr) 2011-05-25

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EP08717093A Not-in-force EP2134897B1 (fr) 2007-03-12 2008-02-25 Séchoir à récupération de chaleur et procédé de fonctionnement

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US8438751B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2134897B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE510955T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102007011809A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008110449A1 (fr)

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DE102006026251A1 (de) * 2006-06-06 2007-12-13 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Trocknen von Waschgut
EP2203586B1 (fr) 2007-09-20 2013-02-20 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Sécheur avec répartiteur de condensat, et procédé pour le faire fonctionner
DE102007044881A1 (de) 2007-09-20 2009-04-09 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Trockner mit Verteiler für Kondensat sowie Verfahren zu seinem Betrieb
DE102007052079A1 (de) * 2007-10-31 2009-05-07 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Ablufttrockner mit Wärmerückgewinnung und Kondensatwanne sowie Verfahren zu seinem Betrieb
DE102007052839A1 (de) * 2007-11-06 2009-05-07 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Trockner mit Wärmepumpenkreis
DE102008044284A1 (de) 2008-12-02 2010-06-10 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Trockner mit Umluftanteil sowie Verfahren zu seinem Betrieb
DE102008044277A1 (de) * 2008-12-02 2010-06-10 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Trockner mit einer Wärmepumpe und einer elektrischen Heizung sowie Verfahren zu seinem Betrieb
DE102008054548A1 (de) 2008-12-11 2010-06-17 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Trockner mit Umluftanteil sowie Verfahren zu seinem Betrieb
ES2373135B1 (es) * 2009-12-14 2012-12-13 Bsh Electrodomesticos España S.A Aparato doméstico que comprende un sistema de expansión.
US9045854B2 (en) * 2010-10-20 2015-06-02 Johnnie Clark Clothes dryer
US20130205615A1 (en) * 2012-02-14 2013-08-15 Guy Prud'Homme Method and apparatus for recuperating heat from dryer
WO2014116001A1 (fr) 2013-01-25 2014-07-31 Lg Electronics Inc. Appareil de traitement du linge
US9140396B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2015-09-22 Water-Gen Ltd. Dehumidification apparatus
US9574298B2 (en) 2013-06-07 2017-02-21 Electrolux Appliances Aktiebolag Laundry dryer with accessible recirculation air filter
WO2015136393A1 (fr) 2014-03-11 2015-09-17 Water-Gen Ltd. Sèche-linge à condensation à cycle fermé avec régénération thermique
US20190255912A1 (en) * 2018-02-19 2019-08-22 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Cabin heating system with sealed heat transfer loop
US20190255913A1 (en) * 2018-02-19 2019-08-22 Ford Global Technologies, Llc System and method for heating a cabin of a motor vehicle
CN111879108B (zh) * 2020-06-18 2022-12-27 青岛海尔空调电子有限公司 空气源热泵烘干***

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Publication number Publication date
ATE510955T1 (de) 2011-06-15
DE102007011809A1 (de) 2008-09-18
WO2008110449A1 (fr) 2008-09-18
EP2134897A1 (fr) 2009-12-23
US20110005096A1 (en) 2011-01-13
US8438751B2 (en) 2013-05-14

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