EP2133481A2 - Connection of two wood trusses - Google Patents
Connection of two wood trusses Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2133481A2 EP2133481A2 EP09007281A EP09007281A EP2133481A2 EP 2133481 A2 EP2133481 A2 EP 2133481A2 EP 09007281 A EP09007281 A EP 09007281A EP 09007281 A EP09007281 A EP 09007281A EP 2133481 A2 EP2133481 A2 EP 2133481A2
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- wooden
- screws
- connection
- component
- components
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/26—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of wood
- E04B1/2604—Connections specially adapted therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/26—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of wood
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/26—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of wood
- E04B1/2604—Connections specially adapted therefor
- E04B2001/2652—Details of nailing, screwing, or bolting
Definitions
- the invention relates to a compound of at least two components, in particular wooden beams and a method for connecting two components, in particular wooden beams and the use of a compound of two components, in particular wooden beams.
- connection of components, in particular of wooden beams by means of screws have become known from a variety of writings.
- Wood joints by means of screws which are screwed at an acute angle to the surface of the wooden beam.
- the actual stress problems hardly play a role.
- journal and slot connections have frequently been used in the prior art. However, it always came to a weakening of a carrier.
- connection of two at least perpendicular to each other adjoining wooden beams is in the WO 01/65018 described.
- the main problem is that the main and secondary beams in this connection abut each other directly butt or the main carrier abuts the secondary beam. If the beams abut each other directly, the rotation of the loaded second wooden beam, for example the secondary support, can lead to deflection the same at the connection to the first wooden beams, such as the main beam, secondary moments, that is, internal forces occur.
- due to shrinkage and swelling of the wood when connecting two wooden beams, the first and second wooden beams usually do not rest against each other. It then occurs between main and secondary beams a gap.
- the object of the invention is therefore to avoid the disadvantages of the prior art in a first aspect, which occur in interconnected components, in particular wooden beams. Furthermore, a connection for a gerbil joint should be specified.
- a gerbil joint is an articulated connection of two wooden beams or girders in the same axis, preferably close to the instant of moment of the supporting structure, but respecting the stability of the supporting structure.
- the components, in particular wooden beams do not connect directly to each other, such. B. in the WO 01/65018 shown, but that in a compound of a first and a second component, in particular wooden beams, in which a first surface of the first component, in particular wooden beam of a second surface of the second component, in particular wooden beam opposite, between the first and second surface of an elastic material or Element, for example, as a soft intermediate layer is introduced.
- the invention is also suitable for the connection of wood components and metal components, for example, for connecting a square tube with a wooden beam.
- wood components and metal components for example, for connecting a square tube with a wooden beam.
- two screws are used here, which are arranged offset crossing.
- an elastic intermediate layer is introduced between the metal component, for example the square tube and the wooden beam. This prevents that moments are transmitted from the first component to the second component.
- the metal part for example, the square tube to introduce a threaded pin which secures the pressure transmission.
- the threaded pin is screwed in behind the screw head. This ensures that the screw can transfer pressure.
- Hardened screws can preferably also be screwed in, which form a counter thread in the metal and can thus transmit compressive and tensile forces.
- tears arranged in the tip and / or expander arranged in the region of the screw shank can be torn off.
- the screwing of slender screws transverse to connecting screws is particularly advantageous when using intermediate layers, since the tendency to rupture over conventional wood joints, in which the wooden beams fit snugly against each other, is higher, since the screwing in such an embodiment closer to the edge of the Wood come to rest.
- the technique of tearing by screwing transverse screws can also be used when using wood beam joints that do not use an elastic intermediate material.
- the elastic material which is introduced between the components, in particular the wooden beams is formed in the form of an intermediate layer, wherein the intermediate layer preferably has a thickness d which is in the range between 0.1 mm - 10 cm, preferably between 0.1 mm - 1 cm.
- the intermediate layer, which is introduced between the two components to be joined together, in particular wooden beams, preferably extends over the entire area of the first or the second surface of the components, in particular wooden beams, which are substantially opposite each other.
- the elastic material in the form of an elastic intermediate layer made of a soft transversely loaded to the fiber wood panel or wood fiber board.
- the material of the elastic intermediate layer is softer, that is to say has greater elasticity than the material of the two components to be joined together, in particular wooden beams.
- the modulus of elasticity of the elastic material at least 5 times, in particular at least 10 times lower, preferably at least 20 times lower than the modulus of elasticity of the wooden beams in the direction of the resulting pressure load.
- z. B is a wooden beam, the modulus of elasticity in the fiber direction between 7 and 20 kN / mm 2 , preferably between about 10 and 12 kN / mm 2 , and transverse to the fiber direction in the range 0.2 to 1 kN / mm 2 , preferably between 0, 3 kN / mm 2 and 0.5 kN / mm 2 .
- the modulus of elasticity in the compression direction on the main support is transverse to the fiber direction and is in the range of 0.2 to 1 kN / mm 2 .
- the modulus of elastic material used in such a compound is then at least 5 times lower, that is in the range of 0.04 kN / mm 2 to 0.2 kN / mm 2 .
- the modulus of elasticity is formed in the direction of the pressure in both beams in the fiber direction and is in the range between 7 and 20 kN / mm 2 , preferably between 10 and 12 kN / mm 2 .
- the modulus of elastic material used in such a compound is then at least 5 times lower, that is in the range of 1.4 kN / mm 2 to 4 kN / mm 2 .
- the elastic intermediate layer may also comprise a plastic or a plastic foam.
- the special plastics are characterized in particular by no or only a small moisture absorption. They are preferably moisture-resistant, permanently elastic, largely incombustible or have a high fire resistance.
- the described elastic intermediate layers can as an elastic element which is introduced between the two wooden beams, or this elastic interconnects also be provided a metallic spring element.
- the metallic spring element may for example consist of folded, hardened sheets.
- Particularly suitable metal is martensitic stainless steel, but also austenitic stainless steel in service class 2 or 3 according to Eurocode 5.
- the inventive compound of two components, in particular wooden beams by means of an elastic intermediate layer can be used in a variety of different compounds.
- Such a connection is possible, for example in the case of a main / secondary carrier connection, in which the cross section of the main carrier is always greater than that of the secondary carrier.
- the connection of wooden beams using a Gerbergelenkes or the combination of wooden beams of the same cross-sections, such as a mullion / transom or post / beam connection, would be possible.
- Under a gerbil joint is understood as described above, an articulated connection of two wooden beams or girders in the same axis.
- the invention also provides a method for joining at least two components, in particular wooden beams, wherein the wooden beams are fastened by means of screws engaging in both wooden beams.
- an elastic intermediate layer is introduced between a first surface and a second surface of the first or second component, in particular wooden beam, which are substantially opposite, for example.
- the two components, in particular wooden beams are connected to each other by at least two screws screwed in crossing.
- the crosswise screwed in screws are screwed in so that it is ensured that they do not hit each other. You can, must but not screwed lying in two mutually substantially parallel planes lying.
- the screws screwed in at an angle are screwed in such that the point of intersection occurs essentially in the region in which the two components, in particular wooden beams, lie opposite one another, that is to say in the region of the abutment point or the elastic intermediate layer.
- the elastic intermediate layer or the elastic foam is preferably first inserted before joining the components, in particular wooden beams. The reverse procedure would also be possible, i. Introducing the elastic intermediate layer after joining the components, in particular wooden beams.
- At least one, but preferably at least two screws are screwed transversely to the connecting screw before connecting the wooden beams.
- the compound of the present invention may be used in a variety of wood-to-wood joints, for example, main / secondary beam terminals, docking pegs, mullion / transom terminals, mullion / beam terminals or gerber joints. It is also possible to connect complete frames and rafters at the ridge or at a eaves, without having to go into detail here.
- FIG. 1a a first embodiment of a connection according to the invention is shown.
- it is a mullion / transom connection, that is a combination of a first wooden beam 10 and a second wooden beam 20, each having the same cross-sections Q1 for the first wooden beam and Q2 for the second wooden beam.
- the cross-sectional area as the second surface 32 with the surface area Q2 is opposite to a first surface 34 on the longitudinal side 36 of the first wooden beam 10.
- the first wooden beam 10 is connected to the second wooden beam 20 via two crossed screws 40.1, 40.2, in particular full-thread screws.
- the crossed running screws 40.1, 40.2 in two substantially mutually parallel planes 50.1, 50.2.
- the screws essentially intersect in the projection in a common plane at a substantially right angle 52.
- the angle 52 under which the crossing takes place can be in the range between 30 and 60 degrees.
- FIGS. 4a to 4b the wooden beam 10 is not directly on the wooden beam 20. Rather, it is so that between the second surface 32 of the second wooden beam 20 and the opposite first surface 34 of the first wooden beam 10, an elastic material 100 is introduced.
- the effect of this elastic material over the prior art is detailed in FIGS FIGS. 4a to 4b described, these figures relate without limitation to a main / secondary beam connection. However, a person skilled in the art will easily adapt the considerations made there to those in FIGS. 1a and 1b transferred post / bolt connection or all other connections shown in this application.
- the elastic material 100 is preferably formed in the form of a layer 30, for example a wood fiber board or a mineral fiber board or a wood panel loaded transversely to the fiber. Also plastic plates would be possible.
- the thickness d of the elastic intermediate layer 30 is in the range of 0.1 mm - 10 cm, preferably in the range of 1 mm - 1 cm.
- the elastic layer 30 is preferably a soft material, wherein the softness or the elasticity is less than the softness or the elasticity of the first wooden beam 10 and the second wooden beam 20.
- the elastic material for example in the form of a foam in the space between the second surface 32 and the first surface 34.
- the introduction of the intermediate layer 30 may be carried out prior to attachment of the carrier to each other or after their attachment in the resulting gap.
- full-thread screws 40.1, 40.2 with more than one pair of screws, for example, with five or six consecutive intersecting screw pairs, depending on the requirements of the connection.
- full thread screws are used in the connection.
- the screws are to be screwed in at the edge or simple screws to be used, it may be provided to pre-drill holes in the direction of the connecting screws. This also reduces the tendency to tearing.
- the full-thread screws can also be equipped with milling heads and subsequent widening areas in the shank.
- a third variant to avoid tearing shows FIG.
- FIG. 2 is an alternative embodiment of a compound according to the FIGS. 1 a and 1 b shown.
- This is a post / beam connection.
- the first wooden beam 210 serves as a post
- the second wooden beam 220 is a continuous beam with which the Post is connected.
- the first surface 234 of the first beam is opposite the second surface 232 of the second beam.
- the area size is determined by the cross-sectional area Q1 of the first beam 210.
- the cross sections of the first wooden beam 210 and the second wooden beam 220 are substantially the same.
- the connection of posts and beams is in turn carried out with two screws 240.1, 240.2 screwed in essentially lying in parallel planes.
- For the soft intermediate layer 300 in turn, softer materials than materials of the wooden beams themselves are selected. These materials are already in the description of the FIGS. 1 a and 1b are listed.
- FIG. 3a and 3b a conventional main / secondary beam connection is shown without an elastic intermediate layer with the forces then occurring. This is a projection into a plane of the terminal, which is why the connecting screws are shown crossing in the plane. However, this corresponds only to a simplified representation. In reality, the screws are offset in two successive substantially parallel planes as in the plan view in Figure 1 b shown.
- a main carrier 410 is connected to two secondary supports 420.1, 420.2.
- the main carrier 410 is connected to the secondary carrier 420.1 by the screws 440.1, 440.2, the main carrier 410 to the secondary carrier 420.2 by the screws 440.3, 440.4.
- FIG. 3a is a main / secondary carrier connection, as it is for example in the WO 01/65018 realized.
- How out Fig. 3a lie main carrier 410 and secondary beams 420.1, 420.2 without an intermediate material to each other. Due to tolerances or source effects between main carrier 410 and secondary carrier 420.1, 420.2 gaps 415.1, 415.2.
- the pressure load is designated by reference numbers 419.2, 419.4, which acts from the secondary beam to the main beam. How out FIGS. 3a to 3b can be clearly seen, the pressure load from the sub-carriers 420.1, 420.2 acts on the main carrier 410, wherein the pressure load at the main / secondary carrier connection is substantially perpendicular to the fiber direction of the main carrier 410.
- the structural timber of the main carrier has an E-modulus transverse to the fiber direction in the range 0.2 to 1 kN / mm 2 , preferably between 0.3 kN / mm 2 and 0.5 kN / mm 2 .
- the tensile loads are designated by the reference numbers 419.1, 419.3.
- the transverse loads are indicated by reference numbers 421.1 for secondary beams 420.1 and 421.3 for secondary beams 420.2. and 421.2 and 422.4 for the main carrier 410.
- the tensile and compressive loads occurring in the illustrated main / secondary carrier connection lead to additional loading of the connecting screws 440.1, 440.2, 440.3, 440.4 and thus the receiving connection load is reduced.
- FIGS. 4a and 4b Now, the embodiment of the invention is shown. Same components as in the FIGS. 3a and 3b are designated by 200 increased reference numerals.
- An elastic intermediate layer 700 is introduced between the connection of main 610 and secondary beam 620.1, 620.2.
- the soft intermediate layer 700 between the end 624.1 of the secondary support 620.1 and the main support 610 allows the loaded secondary support 620.1 to rotate without a secondary torque, ie an additional compressive load 419.1, 419.3 or tensile load 419.2, 419.4, as in the case of FIG. 3b arises.
- the material of the elastic layer 700 is a material having a modulus of elasticity which is at least 5 times, in particular at least 10 times lower, preferably at least 20 times less than the modulus of elasticity of the wooden beams in the direction of the resulting pressure load 419.1, 419.3.
- the structural timber of the main carrier has an E-modulus transverse to the fiber direction in the range 0.2 to 1 kN / mm 2 , preferably between 0.3 kN / mm 2 and 0.5 kN / mm 2 . This means that the elastic modulus is less than 0.5 kN / mm 2 , in particular less than 0.05 kN / mm 2 .
- the soft, elastic intermediate layer 700 is usually only a few millimeters thick. It is preferably in the range between 0.1 mm and 10 cm, preferably between 1 mm and 1 cm. As materials for the soft intermediate layer can be used transversely to the fiber loaded wood panels or wood fiber boards. Alternatively, it is also possible to use plastics or plastic foam. Also mineral fiber boards would be conceivable.
- FIGS. 3a to 4b shown main / secondary beam connection, which is characterized in that the main carrier has a larger cross-section than the secondary carrier, it is possible to make a compound according to the invention also in Gerber joints.
- a compound of the invention in a gerbil joint is in the FIGS. 5a to 5c shown.
- a gerbil joint is like in FIG. 5a shown a first wooden beam 810 in a first cross-section with the same cross-section with a second wooden beam 820, with which the first wooden beam is connected, extended.
- the second wooden beam 820 with approximately the same cross-sectional area to the end, that is to say the cross-sectional area of the first wooden beam 810, the cross-sectional areas of the first 810 and the second wooden beam 820 being substantially opposite one another.
- the connection between the first 810 and the second wooden beam 820 will be as in FIG. 5 shown with the help of at least two crossed in the two wooden beams 810, 820 screwed full thread screws 840.1, 840.2 made, the full-thread screws come to rest in different levels.
- the wood may be provided to pre-drill the holes of the connecting screws. However, this requires a further operation. Therefore, it is preferable to form the inserted full-thread screws as self-drilling screws, that is, to provide them with, for example, a drill bit and a flared portion.
- FIG. 5b is shown in more detail the range of the connection of two wooden beams 810, 820 at a gerbil joint.
- the two opposing surfaces 842, 844 and the elastic intermediate layer 846 between the surfaces 842 and 844 are also visible.
- the parallel planes 1042.1, 1042.2, into which the connecting screws are screwed, are perpendicular to the surface 830 of the wooden beams 810, 820 in the embodiment according to FIG. 6a.
- FIG. 5c an alternative embodiment of a connection is shown.
- the parallel planes are not perpendicular to the surfaces 830 of the wooden beams 810, 820, but at an angle to accommodate, for example, roof or shear loads can.
- the screws may also be arranged in non-parallel planes (not shown) to accommodate further lateral loads.
- the connecting screws only need to be arranged so that they do not penetrate each other.
- the diagonally driven screws that make the connection of the wooden beams are denoted by the reference numerals 1140.1, 1140.2, 1140.3, 1140.4.
- connection shown in the special case of a tarsal joint with helical screws that intersect but can not be touched can be transferred to any type of wood / wood connection and is not limited to gerber joints.
- FIG. 6 an alternative possibility is shown, such as rupturing, especially in a tibial articulation as in Figure 5a - 5c can be prevented shown.
- FIG. 6 Clearly visible in FIG. 6 two connecting screws 1040.1, 1040.2 lying substantially in parallel planes, which are driven from below and from above through the second wooden beam 1020 to be connected, for example on a post, and engage in the posts (not shown).
- the side from which the screws 1080.1, 1080.2 extending essentially transversely to the connecting screws are driven into the wooden beams is irrelevant. This can be done both from the left and from the right.
- the comfortably screws are preferably as long as possible slim screws.
- the screws can be screwed in crosswise, but do not have to be full thread screws.
- Fig. 7a - 7b the connection of a metal component, for example a steel profile 2000 with a wooden beam 2010 is shown.
- Fig. 7a shows a section through a plane in which the screw 2020 comes to rest.
- an elastic intermediate layer 2080 is arranged, which serves that, as described above, no moments are transmitted.
- the screws 2020 are driven at an angle ⁇ of 45 ° to the vertical.
- a second screw 2030 is screwed crossing the first screw in a plane parallel to the plane shown offset. This means that the crossed screws screwed in 2020, 2030 do not penetrate. In order to be able to absorb not only tensile forces, but also compressive forces, it is provided to provide a threaded pin 2050 in the connection behind the screw head 2040. Through the threaded pin 2050, the pressure transmission is secured.
- Fig. 7b refers to. How out Fig. 7b As can be seen, it is advantageous if a tube 2060 is introduced into the metal part, through which the screws with head 2040 is passed. The threaded stem 2050 is secured with a thread 2070 in the tube 2060 and secured so.
- the present invention for the first time, a compound of two wood beams is specified in which loads that occur due to swelling or shrinking of the body can be reliably removed. Furthermore, the invention for the first time discloses a reliable possibility for reliably and simply preventing the tearing of connections made with the aid of full-thread screws.
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Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Verbindung von wenigstens zwei Bauteilen, insbesondere Holzbalken sowie ein Verfahren zum Verbindung von zwei Bauteilen, insbesondere Holzbalken sowie die Verwendung einer Verbindung von zwei Bauteilen, insbesondere Holzbalken.The invention relates to a compound of at least two components, in particular wooden beams and a method for connecting two components, in particular wooden beams and the use of a compound of two components, in particular wooden beams.
Die Verbindung von Bauteilen, insbesondere von Holzbalken mit Hilfe von Schrauben sind aus einer Vielzahl von Schriften bekannt geworden. So zeigt beispielsweise die
Aus der
Die Verbindung von zwei zumindest aneinander rechtwinklig aneinander anschließenden Holzbalken wird in der
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es somit, in einem ersten Aspekt die Nachteile aus dem Stand der Technik zu vermeiden, die bei miteinander verbundenen Bauteilen, insbesondere Holzbalken auftreten. Des Weiteren soll eine Verbindung für ein Gerbergelenk angegeben werden. Ein Gerbergelenk ist eine gelenkige Verbindung von zwei Holzbalken bzw. Trägern in derselben Achse, vorzugsweise in der Nähe des Momentennullpunktes der Tragkonstruktion, aber unter Beachtung der Stabilität des Tragwerkes.The object of the invention is therefore to avoid the disadvantages of the prior art in a first aspect, which occur in interconnected components, in particular wooden beams. Furthermore, a connection for a gerbil joint should be specified. A gerbil joint is an articulated connection of two wooden beams or girders in the same axis, preferably close to the instant of moment of the supporting structure, but respecting the stability of the supporting structure.
Erfindungsgemäß wird dies dadurch gelöst, dass die Bauteile, insbesondere Holzbalken nicht direkt aneinander anschließen, wie z. B. in der
Neben der Verbindung von Holzmaterialien, wie z. B. zwei Holzbalken ist die Erfindung auch zur Verbindung von Holzbauteilen und Metallbauteilen geeignet, beispielsweise zur Verbindung eines Vierkantrohres mit einem Holzbalken. Bevorzugt werden hier ebenfalls zwei Schrauben verwandt, die kreuzend versetzt angeordnet werden. Wie bei der Verbindung von zwei Holzbauteilen wird zwischen das Metallbauteil beispielsweise das Vierkantrohr und den Holzbalken eine elastische Zwischenschicht eingebracht. Hierdurch wird verhindert, dass Momente von dem ersten Bauteil auf das zweite Bauteil übertragen werden.In addition to the connection of wood materials, such. B. two wooden beams, the invention is also suitable for the connection of wood components and metal components, for example, for connecting a square tube with a wooden beam. Preferably, two screws are used here, which are arranged offset crossing. As in the case of the connection of two wooden components, an elastic intermediate layer is introduced between the metal component, for example the square tube and the wooden beam. This prevents that moments are transmitted from the first component to the second component.
Um sowohl Zug- wie Druckkräfte bei der Verbindung eines Metallteiles mit einem Holzteil übertragen zu können, ist vorgesehen in das Metallteil, beispielsweise das Vierkantrohr einen Gewindezapfen einzubringen, der die Druckübertragung sichert. Bevorzugt wird der Gewindezapfen hinter dem Schraubenkopf eingeschraubt. Dies gewährleistet, dass die Schraube Druck übertragen kann.In order to transmit both tensile and compressive forces in the connection of a metal part with a wood part, is provided in the metal part, for example, the square tube to introduce a threaded pin which secures the pressure transmission. Preferably, the threaded pin is screwed in behind the screw head. This ensures that the screw can transfer pressure.
Es können bevorzugt auch gehärtete Schrauben eingedreht werden, welche in das Metall ein Gegengewinde formen und so Druck- und Zugkräfte übertragen können.Hardened screws can preferably also be screwed in, which form a counter thread in the metal and can thus transmit compressive and tensile forces.
Gemäß einem weiteren Aspekt der Erfindung soll insbesondere das beim Einsatz von Vollgewindeschrauben als Verbindungsmittel auftretende Aufreißen des Holzes vermieden bzw. reduziert werden.According to a further aspect of the invention, in particular the tearing of the wood occurring when using full-thread screws as connecting means is to be avoided or reduced.
Um die beim Einsatz von Vollgewindeschrauben auftretenden Probleme beim Einschrauben zu vermeiden, nämlich das Aufreißen beim Einschrauben, ist gemäß einem weiteren Aspekt der Erfindung vorgesehen, dass im Bereich der Verbindung zusätzlich quer zu den Verbindungsschrauben in einer Ebene, die im Wesentlichen senkrecht auf der Ebene steht, in der die Verbindungsschrauben eingedreht sind, schlanke Schrauben eingedreht werden. Alternativ oder zusätzlich können auch Löcher für die Vollgewindeschrauben teilweise oder über die ganze Länge der Schraube vorgebohrt werden. Insbesondere wird dies in dem Balken durchgeführt, in den die Schrauben als erste eingedreht werden.In order to avoid the problems of screwing in when using full-thread screws, namely tearing when screwing in, according to a further aspect of the invention it is additionally provided in the region of the connection transversely to the connecting screws in a plane which is substantially perpendicular to the plane , in which the connecting screws are screwed in, slender screws are screwed in. Alternatively or additionally, holes for the full-thread screws can also be pre-drilled partially or over the entire length of the screw. In particular, this is done in the beam in which the screws are screwed in first.
Zusätzlich oder alternativ können bei Vollgewindeschrauben durch in der Spitze angeordnete Fräser und/oder im Bereich des Schraubenschaftes angeordnete Aufweiter ein Aufreißen vermindert werden.Additionally or alternatively, in the case of full-thread screws, tears arranged in the tip and / or expander arranged in the region of the screw shank can be torn off.
Das Eindrehen von schlanken Schrauben quer zu Verbindungsschrauben ist insbesondere bei der Verwendung von Zwischenschichten besonders vorteilhaft, da hier die Neigung zum Aufreißen gegenüber herkömmlichen Holzverbindungen, bei den die Holzbalken satt aneinander anliegen, höher ist, da die Einschraubpunkte bei einer derartigen Ausführungsform näher am Rand des Holzes zu liegen kommen.The screwing of slender screws transverse to connecting screws is particularly advantageous when using intermediate layers, since the tendency to rupture over conventional wood joints, in which the wooden beams fit snugly against each other, is higher, since the screwing in such an embodiment closer to the edge of the Wood come to rest.
Die Technik Aufreißen durch Eindrehen von quer zur Verbindung liegenden Schrauben kann auch verwendet werden, wenn Holzbalkenverbindungen eingesetzt werden, bei denen kein elastisches Zwischenmaterial verwendet wird.The technique of tearing by screwing transverse screws can also be used when using wood beam joints that do not use an elastic intermediate material.
Besonders bevorzugt ist es, wenn das elastische Material, das zwischen die Bauteile, insbesondere die Holzbalken eingebracht wird, in Form einer Zwischenschicht ausgebildet ist, wobei die Zwischenschicht bevorzugt eine Dicke d aufweist, die im Bereich zwischen 0,1 mm - 10 cm, bevorzugt zwischen 0,1 mm - 1 cm liegt. Die Zwischenschicht, die zwischen die beiden miteinander zu verbindenden Bauteilen, insbesondere Holzbalken eingebracht wird, erstreckt sich bevorzugt über den gesamten Bereich der ersten beziehungsweise der zweiten Fläche der Bauteile, insbesondere Holzbalken, die im Wesentlichen einander gegenüberliegen.It is particularly preferred if the elastic material which is introduced between the components, in particular the wooden beams, is formed in the form of an intermediate layer, wherein the intermediate layer preferably has a thickness d which is in the range between 0.1 mm - 10 cm, preferably between 0.1 mm - 1 cm. The intermediate layer, which is introduced between the two components to be joined together, in particular wooden beams, preferably extends over the entire area of the first or the second surface of the components, in particular wooden beams, which are substantially opposite each other.
In einer ersten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann das elastische Material in Form einer elastischen Zwischenschicht aus einem weichen quer zur Faser belasteten Holzplatte oder Holzfaserplatte bestehen.In a first embodiment of the invention, the elastic material in the form of an elastic intermediate layer made of a soft transversely loaded to the fiber wood panel or wood fiber board.
Im Allgemeinen ist es so, dass das Material der elastischen Zwischenschicht weicher ist, das heißt eine größere Elastizität aufweist als das Material der beiden miteinander zu verbindenden Bauteile, insbesondere Holzbalken. Typischerweise ist der Elastizitätsmodul des elastischen Materials wenigstens 5-mal, insbesondere wenigstens 10-mal geringer, bevorzugt wenigstens 20-mal geringer als der Elastizitätsmodul der Holzbalken in Richtung der entstehenden Drucklast.In general, it is the case that the material of the elastic intermediate layer is softer, that is to say has greater elasticity than the material of the two components to be joined together, in particular wooden beams. typically, is the modulus of elasticity of the elastic material at least 5 times, in particular at least 10 times lower, preferably at least 20 times lower than the modulus of elasticity of the wooden beams in the direction of the resulting pressure load.
Bei einem Konstruktionsholz, z. B einem Holzbalken liegt der E-Modul in Faserrichtung zwischen 7 und 20 kN/mm2, bevorzugt zwischen ungefähr 10 und 12 kN/mm2, und quer zur Faserrichtung im Bereich 0,2 bis 1 kN/mm2, bevorzugt zwischen 0,3 kN/mm2 und 0,5 kN/mm2.In a construction wood, z. B is a wooden beam, the modulus of elasticity in the fiber direction between 7 and 20 kN / mm 2 , preferably between about 10 and 12 kN / mm 2 , and transverse to the fiber direction in the range 0.2 to 1 kN / mm 2 , preferably between 0, 3 kN / mm 2 and 0.5 kN / mm 2 .
Wird beispielsweise das Konstruktionsholz bei einem Haupt-/Nebenträgeranschluss eingesetzt, so ist der E-Modul in Druckrichtung am Hauptträger quer zur Faserrichtung und liegt im Bereich von 0,2 bis 1 kN/mm2. Der E-Modul des eingesetzten elastischen Werkstoffes bei einer derartigen Verbindung ist dann wenigstens 5 mal geringer, d.h. liegt im Bereich 0,04 kN/mm2 bis 0,2 kN/mm2.If, for example, the construction wood is used in a main / secondary beam connection, the modulus of elasticity in the compression direction on the main support is transverse to the fiber direction and is in the range of 0.2 to 1 kN / mm 2 . The modulus of elastic material used in such a compound is then at least 5 times lower, that is in the range of 0.04 kN / mm 2 to 0.2 kN / mm 2 .
Wird das Konstruktionsholz bei einem Gerbergelenk eingesetzt, so ist der E-Modul in Druckrichtung bei beiden Balken in Faserrichtung ausgebildet und liegt im Bereich zwischen 7 und 20 kN/mm2, bevorzugt zwischen 10 und 12 kN/mm2. Der E-Modul des eingesetzten elastischen Werkstoffes bei einer derartigen Verbindung ist dann wenigstens 5 mal geringer, d.h. liegt im Bereich 1,4 kN/mm2 bis 4 kN/mm2.If the construction wood is used in a tanning joint, the modulus of elasticity is formed in the direction of the pressure in both beams in the fiber direction and is in the range between 7 and 20 kN / mm 2 , preferably between 10 and 12 kN / mm 2 . The modulus of elastic material used in such a compound is then at least 5 times lower, that is in the range of 1.4 kN / mm 2 to 4 kN / mm 2 .
Neben der Verwendung von Holzplatten oder Holzfaserplatten kann die elastische Zwischenschicht auch ein Kunststoff oder einen Kunststoffschaum umfassen. Die speziellen Kunststoffe zeichnen sich insbesondere durch keine oder nur eine geringe Feuchtigkeitsaufnahme aus. Sie sind bevorzugt feuchtigkeitsbeständig, dauerelastisch, weitgehend unbrennbar oder haben einen hohen Feuerwiderstand.In addition to the use of wood panels or wood fiber boards, the elastic intermediate layer may also comprise a plastic or a plastic foam. The special plastics are characterized in particular by no or only a small moisture absorption. They are preferably moisture-resistant, permanently elastic, largely incombustible or have a high fire resistance.
Alternativ zu den beschriebenen elastischen Zwischenschichten kann als elastisches Element, das zwischen die beiden Holzbalken eingebracht wird, bzw. diese elastisch miteinander verbindet auch ein metallisches Federelement vorgesehen sein. Das metallische Federelement kann beispielsweise aus gefalzten, gehärteten Blechen bestehen. Als Metall eignet sich besonders martensitischer nichtrostender Stahl, aber auch austenitischer nichtrostender Stahl bei Nutzungsklasse 2 oder 3 nach Eurocode 5.As an alternative to the described elastic intermediate layers can as an elastic element which is introduced between the two wooden beams, or this elastic interconnects also be provided a metallic spring element. The metallic spring element may for example consist of folded, hardened sheets. Particularly suitable metal is martensitic stainless steel, but also austenitic stainless steel in service class 2 or 3 according to Eurocode 5.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform kann als elastische Zwischenschicht auch eine Mineralfaserplatte zwischen die Holzbalken eingebracht werden. Besonders geeignet sind Mineralfaserplatten, die eine minimale Dichte von vorzugsweise mindestens 100 kg/mm3 aufweisen.In a further embodiment, as an elastic intermediate layer and a mineral fiber board between the wooden beams are introduced. Mineral fiber boards which have a minimum density of preferably at least 100 kg / mm 3 are particularly suitable.
Die erfindungsgemäße Verbindung zweier Bauteile, insbesondere Holzbalken mit Hilfe einer elastischen Zwischenschicht kann bei einer Vielzahl von unterschiedlichen Verbindungen eingesetzt werden. So ist eine derartige Verbindung möglich, beispielsweise bei einem Haupt-/Nebenträgeranschluss, bei dem der Querschnitt des Hauptträgers stets größer ist als der des Nebenträgers. Auch die Verbindung von Holzbalken mit Hilfe eines Gerbergelenkes oder die Verbindung von Holzbalken gleicher Querschnitte, beispielsweise einer Pfosten-/Riegel- oder Pfosten-/Balkenverbindung, wäre möglich. Unter einem Gerbergelenk versteht man wie oben beschrieben eine gelenkige Verbindung von zwei Holzbalken bzw. Trägern in derselben Achse.The inventive compound of two components, in particular wooden beams by means of an elastic intermediate layer can be used in a variety of different compounds. Such a connection is possible, for example in the case of a main / secondary carrier connection, in which the cross section of the main carrier is always greater than that of the secondary carrier. The connection of wooden beams using a Gerbergelenkes or the combination of wooden beams of the same cross-sections, such as a mullion / transom or post / beam connection, would be possible. Under a gerbil joint is understood as described above, an articulated connection of two wooden beams or girders in the same axis.
Neben der erfindungsgemäßen Verbindung stellt die Erfindung auch ein Verfahren zum Verbinden von wenigstens zwei Bauteilen, insbesondere Holzbalken zur Verfügung, wobei der Holzbalken mittels in beide Holzbalken eingreifende Schrauben befestigt werden. Zwischen einer ersten Fläche und einer zweiten Fläche des ersten beziehungsweise zweiten Bauteiles, insbesondere Holzbalkens, die im Wesentlichen gegenüberliegen, ist beispielsweise eine elastische Zwischenschicht eingebracht. Bevorzugt werden die beiden Bauteile, insbesondere Holzbalken durch wenigstens zwei kreuzend eingedrehte Schrauben miteinander verbunden. Die kreuzend eingedrehten Schrauben sind so eingedreht, dass gewährleistet ist, dass sie sich nicht treffen. Sie können, müssen aber nicht in zwei zueinander im Wesentlichen parallel angeordneten Ebenen liegend eingedreht sein.In addition to the compound according to the invention, the invention also provides a method for joining at least two components, in particular wooden beams, wherein the wooden beams are fastened by means of screws engaging in both wooden beams. Between a first surface and a second surface of the first or second component, in particular wooden beam, which are substantially opposite, for example, an elastic intermediate layer is introduced. Preferably, the two components, in particular wooden beams are connected to each other by at least two screws screwed in crossing. The crosswise screwed in screws are screwed in so that it is ensured that they do not hit each other. You can, must but not screwed lying in two mutually substantially parallel planes lying.
Ganz besonders bevorzugt ist es, wenn mehr als zwei Schrauben die beiden Bauteile, insbesondere Holzbalken verbinden. Bevorzugt sind die kreuzend eingedrehten Schrauben so eingedreht, dass der Kreuzungspunkt im Wesentlichen in dem Bereich auftritt, indem die beiden Bauteile, insbesondere Holzbalken sich einander gegenüberliegen, das heißt im Bereich des Anstoßpunktes beziehungsweise der elastischen Zwischenschicht. Bevorzugt wird bei dem Verfahren zunächst die elastische Zwischenschicht oder der elastische Schaum vor dem Verbinden der Bauteile, insbesondere Holzbalken eingelegt. Auch die umgekehrte Vorgehensweise wäre möglich, d.h. Einbringen der elastischen Zwischenschicht nach Verbinden der Bauteile, insbesondere Holzbalken.It is very particularly preferred if more than two screws connect the two components, in particular wooden beams. Preferably, the screws screwed in at an angle are screwed in such that the point of intersection occurs essentially in the region in which the two components, in particular wooden beams, lie opposite one another, that is to say in the region of the abutment point or the elastic intermediate layer. In the method, the elastic intermediate layer or the elastic foam is preferably first inserted before joining the components, in particular wooden beams. The reverse procedure would also be possible, i. Introducing the elastic intermediate layer after joining the components, in particular wooden beams.
Um ein Aufreißen zu verhindern, das beim Einbringen der Schrauben, insbesondere bei Verwendung von Vollgewindeschrauben auftreten kann, ist es bevorzugt, wenn vor dem Verbinden der Holzbalken wenigstens eine, vorzugsweise aber mindestens zwei Schrauben quer zur Verbindungsschraube eingeschraubt wird. Bevorzugt sind schlank ausgebildete Schrauben.In order to prevent tearing, which may occur when inserting the screws, in particular when using full-thread screws, it is preferred if at least one, but preferably at least two screws are screwed transversely to the connecting screw before connecting the wooden beams. Preferred are slim trained screws.
Auch die Verwendung von speziellen Vollgewindeschrauben als Verbindungsschrauben mit entsprechenden Frässpitzen und Aufweitbereichen im Schaft wäre vorteilhaft.The use of special full-thread screws as connecting screws with corresponding milling tips and widening areas in the shaft would also be advantageous.
Die erfindungsgemäße Verbindung kann bei einer Vielzahl von Holz-HolzVerbindungen eingesetzt werden, beispielsweise bei Haupt-/Nebenträgeranschlüsse, Koppelpfetten, Pfosten-/Riegelanschlüssen, Pfosten-/Balkenanschlüssen oder Gerbergelenken. Auch die Verbindung kompletter Rahmen und Sparren am First oder an einer Traufe sind möglich, ohne dass hier detailliert darauf eingegangen werden muss.The compound of the present invention may be used in a variety of wood-to-wood joints, for example, main / secondary beam terminals, docking pegs, mullion / transom terminals, mullion / beam terminals or gerber joints. It is also possible to connect complete frames and rafters at the ridge or at a eaves, without having to go into detail here.
Die Erfindung soll nachfolgend anhand der Ausführungsbeispiele und Figuren ohne Beschränkung hierauf beschrieben werden.The invention will be described below with reference to the embodiments and figures without limitation thereto.
- Fig. 1a - 1 bFig. 1a - 1 b
- eine Ausgestaltung einer Pfosten-/Riegelverbindung gemäß der Erfindung;an embodiment of a mullion / transom connection according to the invention;
- Fig. 2Fig. 2
- eine Ausgestaltung einer Pfosten-/Balkenverbindung gemäß der Erfindung;an embodiment of a post / beam connection according to the invention;
- Fig. 3a - 3bFig. 3a - 3b
- einen Haupt-/Nebenträgeranschluss gemäß dem Stand der Technik;a main / secondary carrier connection according to the prior art;
- Fig. 4a - 4bFig. 4a - 4b
- einen Haupt-/Nebenträgeranschluss gemäß der Erfindung mit einer elastischen Zwischenschicht;a main / secondary beam terminal according to the invention with an elastic intermediate layer;
- Fig. 5Fig. 5
- ein Gerbergelenk gemäß der Erfindung mit elastischer Zwischenschicht;a gerbil joint according to the invention with elastic intermediate layer;
- Fig. 6Fig. 6
- eine detaillierte Ansicht eines Holzbalkens mit quer zu den Verbindungsschrauben verlaufenden Schrauben zur Vermeidung eines Aufrisses.a detailed view of a wooden beam with transverse to the connecting screws extending screws to avoid an elevation.
- Fig. 7a - 7bFig. 7a - 7b
- eine Ausgestaltung der Erfindung mit einer Verbindung eines Metallbauteiles, insbesondere eines Vierkantrohres mit einem Holzbalken.An embodiment of the invention with a compound of a metal component, in particular a square tube with a wooden beam.
In
Wie aus den
Das elastische Material 100 ist bevorzugt in Form einer Schicht 30 ausgebildet, beispielsweise einer Holzfaserplatte oder einer Mineralfaserplatte oder eine quer zur Faser belastete Holzplatte. Auch Kunststoffplatten wären möglich. Die Dicke d der elastischen Zwischenschicht 30 liegt im Bereich von 0,1 mm - 10 cm, bevorzugt im Bereich von 1 mm - 1 cm. Die elastische Schicht 30 ist bevorzugt ein weiches Material, wobei die Weichheit beziehungsweise die Elastizität geringer ist als die Weichheit beziehungsweise die Elastizität des ersten Holzbalkens 10 und des zweiten Holzbalkens 20.The
Neben der Ausbildung als Schichtsystem wäre es auch möglich, das elastische Material zum Beispiel in Form eines Schaumes in den Zwischenraum zwischen der zweiten Fläche 32 und der ersten Fläche 34 einzubringen.In addition to the training as a layer system, it would also be possible to introduce the elastic material, for example in the form of a foam in the space between the
Das Einbringen der Zwischenschicht 30 kann vor Befestigung der Träger miteinander oder nach deren Befestigung in dem dann entstehenden Zwischenraum erfolgen. Selbstverständlich wäre es möglich, die Befestigung mittels der Vollgewindeschrauben 40.1, 40.2 mit mehr als einem Schraubenpaar, beispielsweise mit fünf oder sechs hintereinander liegenden sich kreuzenden Schraubenpaaren vorzunehmen, je nach Anforderung an die Verbindung. Bevorzugt werden bei der Verbindung Vollgewindeschrauben eingesetzt. Insbesondere, wenn die Schrauben am Rand eingedreht werden sollen oder einfache Schrauben verwendet werden sollen, kann vorgesehen sein, Löcher in Richtung der Verbindungsschrauben vorzubohren. Dies reduziert zudem auch die Neigung zum Aufreißen. Um ein Aufreißen zu vermindern können die Vollgewindeschrauben auch mit Fräsköpfen und daran anschließenden Aufweitungsbereichen im Schaft ausgestattet sein. Eine dritte Variante, um das Aufreißen zu vermeiden zeigt
In
In
In
Die Querlasten sind mit Bezugsziffern 421.1 für Nebenträger 420.1 und 421.3 für Nebenträger 420.2. und 421.2 sowie 422.4 für den Hauptträger 410 bezeichnet.The transverse loads are indicated by reference numbers 421.1 for secondary beams 420.1 and 421.3 for secondary beams 420.2. and 421.2 and 422.4 for the
Die in dem dargestellten Haupt-/Nebenträgeranschluss auftretenden Zug- und Drucklasten führen dazu, dass die Verbindungsschrauben 440.1, 440.2, 440.3, 440.4 zusätzlich belastet werden und damit die aufnehmende Anschlusslast reduziert wird.The tensile and compressive loads occurring in the illustrated main / secondary carrier connection lead to additional loading of the connecting screws 440.1, 440.2, 440.3, 440.4 and thus the receiving connection load is reduced.
In
Hierdurch ist es möglich, dass die durch die Traglast der Vollgewindeschraube 640.1, 640.2, 640.3, 640.4 definierte Auflagelast voll ausgenutzt werden kann. Ein weiterer Vorteil des Einbringens einer weichen Zwischenschicht 700 zwischen dem zu verbindenden Haupt- 610 und Nebenträger 620.1, 620.2 liegt darin, das Maßtoleranzen, Bauungenauigkeiten und Schwinden und Quellen des Holzes durch die weiche Schicht 700 aufgenommen werden, was die Montage erleichtert. Die im Bereich der weichen Zwischenschicht 700 entstehenden Biegemomente auf die Verbindungsschrauben 640.1, 640.2, 640.3, 640.4 sind unbedeutend und können daher bei der Berechnung der Traglast unberücksichtigt bleiben.This makes it possible that the support load defined by the load of the fully threaded screw 640.1, 640.2, 640.3, 640.4 can be fully utilized. Another advantage of introducing a soft
Die weiche, elastische Zwischenschicht 700 ist im Regelfall nur wenige Millimeter dick. Sie liegt bevorzugt im Bereich zwischen 0,1 mm und 10 cm, bevorzugt zwischen 1 mm und 1 cm. Als Materialien für die weiche Zwischenschicht können quer zur Faser belastete Holzplatten oder Holzfaserplatten eingesetzt werden. Alternativ ist es auch möglich Kunststoffe oder Kunststoffschaum zu verwenden. Auch Mineralfaserplatten wären denkbar.The soft, elastic
Neben dem in
Erfindungsgemäß ist vorgesehen an das Ende, das heißt die Querschnittsfläche des ersten Holzbalkens 810, den zweiten Holzbalken 820 mit in etwa gleicher Querschnittsfläche anzuschließen, wobei die Querschnittsflächen des ersten 810 und des zweiten Holzbalkens 820 sich im Wesentlichen gegenüberliegen. Die Verbindung zwischen erstem 810 und zweitem Holzbalken 820 wird wie in
Erfindungsgemäß ist ebenfalls vorgesehen, um eventuelle Schrumpfungen des Holzes aufzunehmen, zwischen die Querschnittsflächen der aneinander anzuschließenden Holzbalken 810, 820 eine elastische Zwischenschicht 900 einzubringen. Gleiche Bauteile in den
Um ein Aufreißen des Holzes zu vermeiden kann vorgesehen sein, die Löcher der Verbindungsschrauben vorzubohren. Dies erfordert allerdings einen weiteren Arbeitsgang. Deswegen ist es bevorzugt, die eingesetzten Vollgewindeschrauben als selbstbohrende Schrauben auszubilden, das heißt, sie beispielsweise mit einer Bohrspitze und einem aufgeweiteten Bereich zu versehen.To avoid tearing the wood may be provided to pre-drill the holes of the connecting screws. However, this requires a further operation. Therefore, it is preferable to form the inserted full-thread screws as self-drilling screws, that is, to provide them with, for example, a drill bit and a flared portion.
In
In
Die in
In
Deutlich zu erkennen sind in
Die Seite, von der aus die im Wesentlichen quer zu den Verbindungsschrauben verlaufenden Schrauben 1080.1, 1080.2 in den Holzbalken eingetrieben sind, ist unerheblich. Dies kann sowohl von links wie von rechts her erfolgen.The side from which the screws 1080.1, 1080.2 extending essentially transversely to the connecting screws are driven into the wooden beams is irrelevant. This can be done both from the left and from the right.
Die einzudrehenden Schrauben sind bevorzugt möglichst lange schlanke Schrauben. Die quer einzuschraubenden Schrauben können, müssen aber keine Vollgewindeschrauben sein.The einzudrehenden screws are preferably as long as possible slim screws. The screws can be screwed in crosswise, but do not have to be full thread screws.
Obwohl diese Art der Vermeidung vom Aufreißen des Trägers durch Einschrauben zusätzlicher Schrauben auch bei Verbindungen ohne eine elastische Zwischenschicht wie beispielsweise in der
In
Wie aus
Die detaillierte Konfiguration ist
Mit der vorliegenden Erfindung wird erstmals eine Verbindung von zwei Holzträgern angegeben, bei der zuverlässig Lasten, die aufgrund von Quellen oder Schrumpfen des Körpers auftreten, abgetragen werden können. Des Weiteren offenbart die Erfindung erstmals eine zuverlässige Möglichkeit, um ein Aufreißen von mit Hilfe von Vollgewindeschrauben hergestellten Verbindungen zuverlässig und einfach zu verhindern.With the present invention, for the first time, a compound of two wood beams is specified in which loads that occur due to swelling or shrinking of the body can be reliably removed. Furthermore, the invention for the first time discloses a reliable possibility for reliably and simply preventing the tearing of connections made with the aid of full-thread screws.
Die vorliegende Erfindung umfasst die Aspekte, die in den nachfolgenden Sätzen niedergelegt sind, die einen Teil der Beschreibung darstellen, aber keine Ansprüche in Übereinstimmung mit der Entscheidung J 15/88 der Beschwerdekammer sind:The present invention includes the aspects set forth in the following sentences, which form a part of the specification, but are not claims in accordance with the Board of Appeal's decision J 15/88:
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1. Verbindung von wenigstens zwei Holzbalken, einem ersten Holzbalken (10) mit einer ersten Fläche (34) und einem zweiten Holzbalken (20) mit einer zweiten Fläche (32), wobei die erste (34) und zweite Fläche (32) im Wesentlichen einander gegenüberliegen;
mit wenigstens zwei in beide Holzbalken (10, 20) eingreifenden Schrauben (40.1, 40.2, 1040.1, 1040.2, 1140.1, 1140.2)" die kreuzend eingedreht sind,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
zwischen der ersten Fläche (34) des ersten Holzbalkens (10) und der zweiten Fläche (32) des zweiten Holzbalkens (20) ein elastisches Material (100) oder ein elastisches Element vorgesehen ist.Connection of at least two wooden beams, a first wooden beam (10) with a first surface (34) and a second wooden beam (20) with a second surface (32), wherein the first (34) and second surface (32) substantially opposite each other;
with at least two screws engaging in both wooden beams (10, 20) (40.1, 40.2, 1040.1, 1040.2, 1140.1, 1140.2) "which are screwed in crossing,
characterized in that
between the first surface (34) of the first wooden beam (10) and the second surface (32) of the second wooden beam (20) an elastic material (100) or an elastic element is provided. -
2. Verbindung gemäß Satz 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die Schrauben liegend im wesentlichen in zwei zueinander parallel verlaufenden Ebenen (1042.1, 1042.2, 1042.3, 1042.4) eingedreht sind.2. Connection according to sentence 1, characterized in that
lying screws are essentially screwed in two mutually parallel planes (1042.1, 1042.2, 1042.3, 1042.4). - 3. Verbindung nach einem der Sätze 1 bis 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das elastische Material oder das elastische Element ein Elastizitätsmodul aufweist, der bevorzugt 5-mal, insbesondere 10-mal, ganz besonders bevorzugt 20 mal geringer ist als der Elastizitätsmodul der Holzbalken in Richtung der entstehenden Drucklast (419.2, 419.4).3. A compound according to any one of sentences 1 to 2, characterized in that the elastic material or the elastic member has a modulus of elasticity, which is preferably 5 times, especially 10 times, most preferably 20 times lower than the modulus of elasticity of the wooden beams in Direction of the resulting pressure load (419.2, 419.4).
- 4. Verbindung nach einem der Sätze 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das elastische Material (100) eine elastische Zwischenschicht (30) mit einer Dicke d ist.4. A compound according to any one of sentences 1 to 3, characterized in that the elastic material (100) is an elastic intermediate layer (30) having a thickness d.
- 5. Verbindung nach einem der Sätze 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Dicke d der Zwischenschicht im Bereich 0,1 mm bis 10 cm, bevorzugt 1 mm bis 2 cm liegt.5. A compound according to any one of sentences 1 to 4, characterized in that the thickness d of the intermediate layer in the range 0.1 mm to 10 cm, preferably 1 mm to 2 cm.
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6. Verbindung nach einem der Sätze 1 bis 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
das elastische Material (100) eine weiche, quer zur Faser belastete Holzplatte oder Holzfaserplatte umfasst.6. compound according to one of the sentences 1 to 5,
characterized in that
the elastic material (100) comprises a soft, cross-fibred wood panel or fiberboard. -
7. Verbindung nach einem der Sätze 1 bis 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
das elastische Material (100) einen weichen Kunststoff oder Kunststoffschäume umfasst.7. compound according to one of the sentences 1 to 5,
characterized in that
the elastic material (100) comprises a soft plastic or plastic foam. -
8. Verbindung nach einem der Sätze 1 bis 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
das elastische Material (100) eine Mineralfaserplatte umfasst.8. compound according to one of the sentences 1 to 5,
characterized in that
the elastic material (100) comprises a mineral fiber plate. -
9. Verbindung nach einem der Sätze 1 bis 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
der erste Holzbalken (610) ein Hauptträger und der zweite Holzbalken (620) ein Nebenträger ist und die Verbindung einen Haupt-/Nebenträgeranschluss ausbildet.9. compound according to one of the sentences 1 to 8,
characterized in that
the first wooden beam (610) is a main beam and the second wooden beam (620) is a secondary beam and the joint forms a main / secondary beam port. -
10. Verbindung nach einem der Sätze 1 bis 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
der erste Holzbalken (810) ein erster Teil eines Gerbergelenkes und der zweite Holzbalken (820) ein zweiter Teil eines Gerbergelenkes ist und die Verbindung von erstem und zweitem Holzbalken ein Gerbergelenk ausbildet.10. compound according to one of the sentences 1 to 8,
characterized in that
the first wooden beam (810) is a first part of a gerber joint and the second wooden beam (820) is a second part of a gerber joint and the first and second wooden beam joint forms a gerbil joint. -
11. Verbindung nach einem der Sätze 1 bis 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
der erste Holzbalken (10) ein Pfosten ist und der zweite Holzbalken (20) ein Riegel ist und die Verbindung eine Pfosten-Riegel-Verbindung ausbildet.11. compound according to one of the sentences 1 to 8,
characterized in that
the first wooden beam (10) is a post and the second wooden beam (20) is a latch and the connection forms a mullion-and-transom connection. - 12. Verbindung nach einem der Sätze 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der erste Holzbalken (210) ein Pfosten und der zweiten Holzbalken (220) ein Balken ist und die Verbindung eine Pfosten-Balken-Verbindung ausbildet.12. A compound according to any one of sentences 1 to 8, characterized in that the first wooden beam (210) is a post and the second wooden beam (220) is a beam and the connection forms a mullion-beam connection.
- 13. Verbindung nach einem der Sätze 1 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im Bereich der Verbindung (1092) wenigstens eine im Wesentlichen quer zu den Verbindungsschrauben (1040.1, 1040.2) verlaufende Schraube (1080.1, 1080.2) vorgesehen ist.13. Connection according to one of the sentences 1 to 12, characterized in that in the region of the connection (1092) at least one substantially transverse to the connecting screws (1040.1, 1040.2) extending screw (1080.1, 1080.2) is provided.
-
14. Verbindung von wenigstens zwei Holzbalken, einem ersten Holzbalken (10) mit einer ersten Fläche (34) und einem zweiten Holzbalken (20) mit einer zweiten Fläche (32), wobei die erste (34) und die zweite Fläche (32) im Wesentlichen einander gegenüberliegen;
mit wenigstens zwei in beide Holzbalken (10, 20) eingreifende Schrauben (40.1, 40.2) kreuzend eingedreht sind,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
im Bereich der Verbindung wenigstens eine Schraube vorgesehen ist, die im Wesentlichen senkrecht auf der Ebene steht, in der die Verbindungsschraube verläuft.14. Connection of at least two wooden beams, a first wooden beam (10) with a first surface (34) and a second wooden beam (20) with a second surface (32), wherein the first (34) and the second surface (32) in Essentially facing each other;
with at least two in both wooden beams (10, 20) engaging screws (40.1, 40.2) are screwed crossing,
characterized in that
at least one screw is provided in the region of the connection, which is substantially perpendicular to the plane in which the connecting screw extends. -
15. Verbindung gemäß Satz 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die eingreifenden Schrauben (40.1, 40.2) in zwei im Wesentlichen zueinander parallel verlaufenden Ebenen (50.1, 50.2) liegend eingedreht sind.15. compound according to sentence 14, characterized
in that the engaging screws (40.1, 40.2) are screwed lying in two planes (50.1, 50.2) which run essentially parallel to one another. -
16. Verfahren zum Verbindung von wenigstens zwei Holzbalken, einem ersten Holzbalken und einem zweiten Holzbalken, mittels in beide Holzbalken eingreifende Schrauben, wobei der erste Holzbalken eine erste Fläche aufweist und der zweite Holzbalken eine zweite Fläche, wobei erste und zweite Fläche im Wesentlichen einander gegenüberliegen, dadurch
gekennzeichnet, dass
zwischen die erste und die zweite Fläche ein elastisches Material oder ein elastisches Element eingebracht wird und die beiden Holzbalken durch wenigstens zwei kreuzend eingedrehte Schrauben verbunden werden.16. A method of joining at least two wooden beams, a first wooden beam and a second wooden beam by means of screws engaging in both wooden beams, wherein the first wooden beam has a first surface and the second wooden beam has a second surface, wherein first and second surfaces are substantially opposite each other , by
marked that
between the first and the second surface an elastic material or an elastic element is introduced and the two wooden beams are connected by at least two screws screwed in crossing. - 17. Verfahren nach Satz 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die wenigstens zwei kreuzend eingedrehten Schrauben in zwei zueinander im Wesentlichen parallelen Ebenen liegend eingedreht sind.17. The method according to sentence 16, characterized in that the at least two screws screwed in crosswise are screwed lying in two mutually substantially parallel planes.
-
18. Verfahren nach Satz 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
mehr als zwei Schrauben jeweils in im Wesentlichen zueinander parallelen Ebenen liegend kreuzend eingedreht werden.18. Method according to sentence 17, characterized in that
more than two screws in each case in substantially mutually parallel planes are screwed crossing crossing. - 19. Verfahren nach einem der Sätze 16 bis 18, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die kreuzend eingedrehten Schrauben im Bereich, in dem ersten und zweiten Holzbalken aneinander anstoßen, sich kreuzen.19. The method according to any one of sentences 16 to 18, characterized in that the crossing screwed screws in the area in the first and second wooden beams abut each other intersect.
- 20. Verfahren nach einem der Sätze 16 bis 19, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das elastische Material oder die elastische Zwischenschicht nach Eindrehen der Schraube zwischen erstem und zweitem Holzbalken eingebracht wird.20. The method according to any one of sentences 16 to 19, characterized in that the elastic material or the elastic intermediate layer is introduced after screwing the screw between the first and second wooden beams.
- 21. Verfahren nach einem der Sätze 16 bis 19, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der elastische Schaum vor Eindringen der Schrauben zwischen dem ersten und zweiten Holzbalken eingebracht wird.21. The method according to any one of sentences 16 to 19, characterized in that the elastic foam is introduced before penetration of the screws between the first and second wooden beams.
-
22. Verwendung einer Verbindung gemäß einem der Sätze 1 bis 15, als
Haupt-/Nebenträgeranschluss
Riegel-/Pfostenanschluss
Pfosten-/Balkenanschluss
Verbindung von Rahmen und Sparren am First und an der Traufe.22. Use of a compound according to any one of sentences 1 to 15, as
Main / secondary support connector
Ties / post connection
Post / bar connection
Connection of frame and rafters at the ridge and at the eaves.
Claims (15)
mit wenigstens einer in beide Bauteile eingreifenden Schraube (40.1, 40.2, 1040.1, 1040.2, 1140.1, 1140.2),
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
zwischen der ersten Fläche (34) des ersten Bauteiles und der zweiten Fläche (32) des zweiten Bauteiles ein elastisches Material (100) oder ein elastisches Element vorgesehen ist.Connecting at least two components, a first component having a first surface (34) and a second component having a second surface (32), wherein the first (34) and second surfaces (32) are substantially opposite each other;
with at least one screw engaging in both components (40.1, 40.2, 1040.1, 1040.2, 1140.1, 1140.2),
characterized in that
between the first surface (34) of the first component and the second surface (32) of the second component, an elastic material (100) or an elastic element is provided.
das elastische Material (100) eine elastische Zwischenschicht (30) mit einer Dicke d, wobei
die Dicke d der Zwischenschicht insbesondere im Bereich 0,1 mm bis 10 cm, bevorzugt 1 mm bis 2 cm liegt.A compound according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that
the elastic material (100) has an elastic intermediate layer (30) with a thickness d, wherein
the thickness d of the intermediate layer is in particular in the range 0.1 mm to 10 cm, preferably 1 mm to 2 cm.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
das elastische Material (100) eines der nachfolgenden Materialien umfasst:
characterized in that
the elastic material (100) of one of the following materials comprises:
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verbindung eine der nachfolgenden Verbindungen ist:
der erste Holzbalken (610) ein Hauptträger und der zweite Holzbalken (620) ein Nebenträger ist
der erste Holzbalken (810) ein erster Teil eines Gerbergelenkes und der zweite Holzbalken (820) ein zweiter Teil eines Gerbergelenkes ist
der erste Holzbalken (10) ein Pfosten ist und der zweite Holzbalken (20) ein Riegel ist
der erste Holzbalken (210) ein Pfosten und der zweiten Holzbalken (220) ein Balken ist
characterized in that the compound is one of the following compounds:
the first wooden beam (610) is a main beam and the second wooden beam (620) is a secondary beam
the first wooden beam (810) is a first part of a gerber joint and the second wooden beam (820) is a second part of a gerber joint
the first wooden beam (10) is a post and the second wooden beam (20) is a latch
the first wooden beam (210) is a post and the second wooden beam (220) is a beam
mit wenigstens zwei in beide Bauteile, insbesondere Holzbalken (10, 20) eingreifende Schrauben (40.1, 40.2) kreuzend eingedreht sind,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
im Bereich der Verbindung wenigstens eine Schraube vorgesehen ist, die im Wesentlichen senkrecht auf der Ebene steht, in der die Verbindungsschraube verläuft.Connection of at least two components, in particular wooden beams, a first component, in particular wooden beams (10) with a first surface (34) and a second component, in particular wooden beams (20) with a second surface (32), wherein the first (34) and the second surface (32) are substantially opposite each other;
with at least two screws (40.1, 40.2) engaging in both components, in particular wooden beams (10, 20), are screwed in crossing manner,
characterized in that
at least one screw is provided in the region of the connection, which is substantially perpendicular to the plane in which the connecting screw extends.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
zwischen die erste und die zweite Fläche ein elastisches Material oder ein elastisches Element eingebracht wird und die beiden Bauteile, insbesondere Holzbalken durch wenigstens zwei kreuzend eingedrehte Schrauben verbunden werden.Method for connecting at least two components, in particular wooden beams, a first component, in particular wooden beams and a second component, in particular wooden beams, by means of screws engaging in both components, in particular wooden beams, wherein the first component, in particular the first wooden beam has a first surface and the second component, in particular the second wooden beam, a second surface, wherein the first and second surfaces are substantially opposite each other,
characterized in that
an elastic material or an elastic element is introduced between the first and the second surface and the two components, in particular wooden beams, are connected by at least two screws screwed in at an angle.
das elastische Material oder die elastische Zwischenschicht nach Eindrehen der Schraube zwischen dem ersten und zweiten Bauteil, insbesondere dem erstem und zweitem Holzbalken eingebracht wird.A method according to claim 12, characterized in that
the elastic material or the elastic intermediate layer is introduced after screwing in the screw between the first and second component, in particular the first and second wooden beams.
der elastische Schaum vor Eindringen der Schrauben zwischen dem ersten und zweiten Holzbalken eingebracht wird.A method according to claim 12 to 13, characterized in that
the elastic foam is introduced between the first and second wooden beams before the screws penetrate.
Haupt-/Nebenträgeranschluss
Riegel-/Pfostenanschluss
Pfosten-/Balkenanschluss
Verbindung von Rahmen und Sparren am First und an der Traufe.Use of a compound according to any one of claims 1 to 9, as
Main / secondary support connector
Ties / post connection
Post / bar connection
Connection of frame and rafters at the ridge and at the eaves.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE200810027873 DE102008027873B4 (en) | 2008-06-11 | 2008-06-11 | Connection of two wooden beams |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2133481A2 true EP2133481A2 (en) | 2009-12-16 |
EP2133481A3 EP2133481A3 (en) | 2011-11-09 |
Family
ID=40373503
Family Applications (4)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP20080022085 Not-in-force EP2133480B1 (en) | 2008-06-11 | 2008-12-19 | Method for connecting two wooden components |
EP09007281A Withdrawn EP2133481A3 (en) | 2008-06-11 | 2009-06-02 | Connection of two wood trusses |
EP12003635A Withdrawn EP2500477A1 (en) | 2008-06-11 | 2009-06-10 | Method for connecting two wooden components |
EP09007657A Withdrawn EP2133482A3 (en) | 2008-06-11 | 2009-06-10 | Method for connecting two wooden components |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP20080022085 Not-in-force EP2133480B1 (en) | 2008-06-11 | 2008-12-19 | Method for connecting two wooden components |
Family Applications After (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP12003635A Withdrawn EP2500477A1 (en) | 2008-06-11 | 2009-06-10 | Method for connecting two wooden components |
EP09007657A Withdrawn EP2133482A3 (en) | 2008-06-11 | 2009-06-10 | Method for connecting two wooden components |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (4) | EP2133480B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102008027873B4 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SE537689C2 (en) * | 2013-12-12 | 2015-09-29 | Martinson Group Ab | Central junction between wooden structural elements and trusses |
CN108517972B (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2019-09-20 | 广东大喜装饰设计工程有限公司 | Imitation wood building and its steel wood connection structure |
DE102020114613A1 (en) * | 2020-06-02 | 2021-12-02 | Fischerwerke Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method for testing a contact between two electrically conductive screws screwed into wood and a hand screwdriver for carrying out the method |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR865513A (en) | 1940-05-09 | 1941-05-26 | Wood assembly | |
DE706759C (en) | 1937-06-16 | 1941-06-05 | Samuel Voss | Wood connection with metal screws |
DE19724281A1 (en) | 1996-06-10 | 1997-12-18 | Automation Tooling Syst | Anti-brake lock eccentric camshaft |
WO2001065018A1 (en) | 2000-02-29 | 2001-09-07 | Sfs Intec Holding Ag | Interconnection of two wood beams that are joined together while forming an at least approximately right angle |
Family Cites Families (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH478997A (en) * | 1968-05-30 | 1969-09-30 | Henke Jakob Ing Dr | Tying device for the ends of wooden railway sleepers, wooden masts, beams and precious wood logs |
GB8332533D0 (en) * | 1983-12-06 | 1984-01-11 | Dinardo & Partners | Restoration and strengthening of timber components |
FR2617081B1 (en) * | 1987-06-29 | 1992-04-24 | Guy Perron | ASSEMBLY OF PIECES OF WOOD AND ITS MANUFACTURING METHOD |
ATE102688T1 (en) * | 1989-11-16 | 1994-03-15 | Sfs Handels Holding Ag | COMPOSITE ELEMENT. |
FI98280C (en) * | 1994-08-02 | 1997-05-26 | Finnforest Oy | Pre-fabricated connection structure |
DE19712175A1 (en) * | 1997-03-22 | 1997-10-16 | Beez Fredi Dipl Masch Ing | Fastening for end of step on stair stringer |
DE19724284C2 (en) * | 1997-06-09 | 2001-10-18 | Sfs Ind Holding Ag Heerbrugg | Coupling purlin made of several overlapping wooden beams and screw for a coupling purlin |
DE29920853U1 (en) * | 1999-11-30 | 2000-03-02 | Kob, Sabine, 95448 Bayreuth | Weatherproof wall construction in block construction |
DE20120208U1 (en) * | 2001-12-13 | 2003-04-24 | Guttendörfer, Dieter, 91522 Ansbach | Connection of posts and transoms made of wooden beams or slats to form wall elements |
US6922951B1 (en) * | 2003-01-16 | 2005-08-02 | Metal-Era, Inc. | Lighted roof edge assembly |
DE102004018069A1 (en) | 2004-04-08 | 2004-08-26 | Rensburg, Markus, Dipl.-Wirtsch.-Ing. | Screw especially for wood fastening has screw-in thread with outside diameter which is 1.2 to 1.6 times core diameter, and screw head on underside facing screw shank has cutting ribs to reduce screwing-in torque |
EP1690990A2 (en) * | 2005-02-09 | 2006-08-16 | SFS intec Holding AG | Connection of mullions and transoms formed of wooden beams or slats for the construction of wall elements |
DE102005039744A1 (en) | 2005-08-23 | 2007-03-01 | Rensburg, Markus, Dipl.-Wirtsch.-Ing. | Screw e.g. wood countersunk screw, for fastening e.g. wooden trays, has head part including two head sections, where surface directed to screw shaft or surface area of one of sections runs perpendicular to longitudinal axis of screw |
DE102006057259A1 (en) | 2006-11-22 | 2008-05-29 | Swg Schraubenwerk Gaisbach Gmbh | screw |
DE102007029255A1 (en) * | 2007-06-15 | 2008-12-18 | Würth, Adolf | Screw and its use |
-
2008
- 2008-06-11 DE DE200810027873 patent/DE102008027873B4/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-12-19 EP EP20080022085 patent/EP2133480B1/en not_active Not-in-force
-
2009
- 2009-06-02 EP EP09007281A patent/EP2133481A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2009-06-10 EP EP12003635A patent/EP2500477A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2009-06-10 EP EP09007657A patent/EP2133482A3/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE706759C (en) | 1937-06-16 | 1941-06-05 | Samuel Voss | Wood connection with metal screws |
FR865513A (en) | 1940-05-09 | 1941-05-26 | Wood assembly | |
DE19724281A1 (en) | 1996-06-10 | 1997-12-18 | Automation Tooling Syst | Anti-brake lock eccentric camshaft |
WO2001065018A1 (en) | 2000-02-29 | 2001-09-07 | Sfs Intec Holding Ag | Interconnection of two wood beams that are joined together while forming an at least approximately right angle |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2133480A1 (en) | 2009-12-16 |
EP2500477A1 (en) | 2012-09-19 |
EP2133480B1 (en) | 2012-12-19 |
DE102008027873B4 (en) | 2010-05-12 |
EP2133482A3 (en) | 2011-08-17 |
EP2133481A3 (en) | 2011-11-09 |
DE102008027873A1 (en) | 2009-12-24 |
EP2133482A2 (en) | 2009-12-16 |
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