EP2068291B1 - Method and device for sophisticated detecting of traffic violations in a restricted area controlled by traffic lights - Google Patents

Method and device for sophisticated detecting of traffic violations in a restricted area controlled by traffic lights Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2068291B1
EP2068291B1 EP08170628A EP08170628A EP2068291B1 EP 2068291 B1 EP2068291 B1 EP 2068291B1 EP 08170628 A EP08170628 A EP 08170628A EP 08170628 A EP08170628 A EP 08170628A EP 2068291 B1 EP2068291 B1 EP 2068291B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
vehicle
signal
area
restricted area
entrance
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EP08170628A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2068291A1 (en
Inventor
Hans-Holger Küster
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Jenoptik Robot GmbH
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Jenoptik Robot GmbH
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
    • G08G1/042—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled using inductive or magnetic detectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
    • G08G1/017—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled identifying vehicles
    • G08G1/0175—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled identifying vehicles by photographing vehicles, e.g. when violating traffic rules

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method as generically from the EP 1 486 928 A2 is known.
  • the blocking phase is usually the red-light phase, but it could also include the preceding yellow phase in part.
  • the restricted areas enclosing a pedestrian crossing or intersection can be defined differently in the individual national legislations. Within the restricted areas there may be zones in which a detected traffic violation is punished differently.
  • the blocking area or a first zone of the blocking area begins at a retaining strip applied on the roadway.
  • Non-invasive sensors are in particular radar sensors or laser sensors and are used in traffic monitoring in particular for speed measurement, wherein the speed during the passage of the vehicle through the measuring range is permanently measured or derived from a permanently measured distance to the measuring sensor.
  • the measuring range is limited by the marginal rays of the measuring radiation.
  • the invasive sensors use piezo strips or, in particular, induction loops.
  • the invasive sensors generate a signal when they are run over by a vehicle and thus indicate the presence of a vehicle at the location of the sensor at a specific time or in a specific time range.
  • DE 35 32 527 A1 is based on a state of the art, according to which a camera is triggered when passing over a recessed in the lane in front of the intersection area sensor, which generates a first photo of a vehicle passing over this sensor. The camera is then triggered a second time at a fixed time interval to photograph the vehicle in the intersection area. It is recognized as disadvantageous that both a very fast and a very slow moving vehicle with a second shot can not be detected proof. The vehicle driving too fast could have already driven out of the object field of the camera, the slow moving vehicle may not yet be in the intersection area.
  • the latter only detects the vehicle once. At this moment, the camera is triggered a first time and maps the vehicle at the detection location. Subsequent recordings may show the vehicle at additional locations, but it will be necessary to evaluate the recordings to determine this.
  • a second shot such as a first one, is created upon detecting a vehicle.
  • the mere fact that a second photo is taken is a sure indication that the vehicle has passed the detection site.
  • An induction loop is a coil with an air core.
  • They usually consist of one to three turns with a width less the road width and a depth of 1 m regularly.
  • An induction loop has a constant inductance, which increases when a metallic body, here a vehicle, enters the induction loop. As soon as the induction loop is covered by the vehicle over its depth, the inductance remains almost constant and then drops back to its original value when it is being moved out. According to the DE 35 32 527 A1 This inductance change is converted over time by signal processing means to a perfectly processable square pulse. For the further signal processing is only of interest, whether this square wave signal is present or not.
  • a device according to the DE 35 32 527 A1 and a method practiced hereby have the particular disadvantage that two induction loops are absolutely necessary.
  • the images whether as a frontal photography or rear photography, then triggered when a signal from the induction loops is effected and that occurs when the vehicle enters the induction loop.
  • frontal photography this means that at the time the camera is triggered, a vehicle front is always at the same distance from the camera.
  • the distance of the stern in a rear-view photograph may vary by the possible difference in length of the vehicles. There may be more than 10 m of difference in length between a motorcycle and a semi-trailer, ie the distance between the rear of the vehicle and the camera may vary by this difference in length.
  • the EP 1 486 928 A2 discloses a method for differential detection of traffic violations and represents the more obvious prior art.
  • the detection system is able to avoid detection of such vehicles.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a simple method for differentiated detection of traffic violations.
  • a method according to the invention differs essentially in that when crossing an induction loop two signals are derived and used for data acquisition and process control.
  • An entrance signal is derived when the vehicle enters its front in an induction loop.
  • An exit signal is diverted when the vehicle exits with its tail an induction loop.
  • a document signal can be limited, which occupies the presence of the vehicle within the induction loop.
  • the entry and exit signals and possibly document signals can be used for process control or data acquisition.
  • a first induction loop 1 the entry of the vehicle is detected in the restricted area.
  • the blocking area does not start here, for example, exactly with a holding strip 2 applied on the roadway, but just behind it.
  • the entrance signal E1 is used as a control signal for triggering a camera and thus creating a first frontal photo. Further front photos are released after fixed times.
  • the exit signal A1 With the exit signal A1, the presence of the vehicle after a travel L equal to the sum of the depth of the induction loop 1 and the vehicle length is detected. That is, since the position of the vehicle rear is detected, vehicles of different lengths can be located at different depths in the restricted area. It could be assumed that vehicles of greater length are better placed than vehicles of lesser length, since they can travel far into the second restricted area before they are detected here. Practically, however, this is not the case, since the vehicles either outside the restricted area, ie in the direction of travel substantially behind the retaining strip 1 or just behind the retaining strip 1 and thus in the restricted area to hold come.
  • the metrological recording of both events allows them to be distinguished without requiring a visual evaluation of the photos. At least they support an evaluation of the photos.
  • the described first embodiment of the method only allows a differentiated detection as to whether a vehicle passing over the retaining strip has come to a halt or not.
  • red light violation When detecting a red light violation, it can not be ruled out that further vehicles, traveling on the same roadway, also commit a holding light or red light violation, ie, further entry signals E or exit signals A could be detected.
  • the speed should also be recorded to z.
  • violations can be differentiated depending on the speed.
  • z. B. a right turn or crossing a pedestrian crossing to a predetermined speed is allowed, the arrest, however, is punished in the pedestrian area or too fast driving through.
  • the vehicle speed is determined from the time interval of the entry signal E1 of a first induction loop 1 and the entry signal E2 of a second induction loop and the knowledge of the distance between the two induction loops, and the second entry signal E2 triggers a camera as in the first embodiment to create a first front photo.
  • the time is determined at which the vehicle is at a predetermined distance from the camera, depending on the determined speed.
  • a camera with a smaller depth of focus range and thus with a larger aperture stop can be used, so that the range of variation of the possible distances between the vehicle fronts during the recording is lower.
  • the utilization of a second exit signal A2 is analogous to the exit signal A1 of the first embodiment.
  • a third embodiment is also based on Fig. 2a-d be explained, however, a first induction loop 1 is arranged in the direction of travel behind a second induction loop 2 so far that a first exit signal A1 is generated before the vehicle reaches the holding strip.
  • the vehicle speed can be determined.
  • the vehicle length can be determined. The knowledge about the vehicle length can serve as a decision criterion as to whether the vehicle in question drives on a lane permissible for the vehicle.
  • the vehicle length can also be used in conjunction with the vehicle speed to delay a triggered by the second entrance signal E2 camera so that in a rear-end photograph this comes in a predetermined distance from the camera.
  • two entry signals E1 and E2 and two exit signals A1 and A2 are generated after passing over a holding strip.
  • the position of the rear or the front of a vehicle is signaled in each case.
  • the entrance signal E1 indicates that the vehicle has run over the retaining strip.
  • the entrance signal E2 indicates that the vehicle has entered the area of a pedestrian crossing.
  • the first exit signal A1 could be used to trigger a camera to create a rear photo when exceeding a predetermined speed is detected.
  • the second exit signal A2 could trigger a second tail photo.
  • signals were also used as control signals for triggering a camera. This is necessary for the traffic guidance, which relies on a photographic detection of the violating vehicle.
  • a method according to the invention and a device suitable for this purpose can also be used for statistical purposes where a photograph of the detected vehicles is not required.
  • the detection area has been defined by an induction loop. It has proven to be a robust and inexpensive variant and is particularly suitable if more than two detection areas are to be created.
  • the detection region can also be defined by other sensors inserted in the roadway or by radiation sensors which direct a measuring radiation onto the roadway.
  • the marginal rays of the measuring beam then limit the detection range.
  • An entry signal is generated when the intensity of the radiation reflected on the vehicle exceeds a predetermined threshold for the first time, and an exit signal is generated when the intensity falls below this threshold.
  • the depth of the detection zone in the case of induction loops is generally 1 m
  • the depth at detection areas, determined by a measuring beam area can easily be changed by a change in the opening angle of the measuring beam or an altered alignment to the roadway, in order to adapt it to a concrete differentiation intention.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Traffic Control Systems (AREA)

Abstract

The method involves generating an entrance signal (E1) when a vehicle is driven into a detection region, and generating an exit signal (A1) when the vehicle is driven out from the detection region. The passing of the vehicle to the blocked area and the inclusion of generation of other entrance and exit signals are derived from the reception of the former entrance and exit signals. It is derived that the vehicle is entered and stopped in the blocked area and generation of other entrance and exit signals are not expected during same blocked phase, when only the entrance signal is received. An independent claim is also included for a device for differentially detection of a traffic violation in a cross-road blocked area.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren wie es gattungsgemäß aus der EP 1 486 928 A2 bekannt ist.The invention relates to a method as generically from the EP 1 486 928 A2 is known.

Es ist bekannt, ampelgesteuerte Sperrbereiche, wie Fußgängerüberwege oder Kreuzungen, zu statistischen Zwecken, zur Verkehrsregulierung oder zur Ahndung von Verkehrsverstößen zu überwachen.It is known to control traffic light-controlled restricted areas, such as pedestrian crossings or intersections, for statistical purposes, for traffic regulation or for the punishment of traffic violations.

Zum Zweck der Erfassung und Ahndung von Verkehrsverstößen werden Fahrzeuge, die während einer Sperrphase einer Ampelanlage in einen Sperrbereich eintreten bzw. diesen durchfahren, detektiert und fotografisch erfasst. Die Sperrphase ist in der Regel die Rotlichtphase, sie könnte aber auch die vorangehende Gelbphase teilweise mit umfassen.For the purpose of detecting and punishing traffic violations, vehicles that enter or pass through a restricted area during a blocking phase of a traffic light system are detected and recorded photographically. The blocking phase is usually the red-light phase, but it could also include the preceding yellow phase in part.

Die einen Fußgängerüberweg oder eine Kreuzung einschließenden Sperrbereiche können in den einzelnen nationalen Gesetzgebungen unterschiedlich definiert sein. Innerhalb der Sperrbereiche kann es Zonen geben, in denen ein erfasster Verkehrsverstoß unterschiedlich geahndet wird.The restricted areas enclosing a pedestrian crossing or intersection can be defined differently in the individual national legislations. Within the restricted areas there may be zones in which a detected traffic violation is punished differently.

In der Regel beginnt der Sperrbereich bzw. eine erste Zone des Sperrbereiches an einem auf der Fahrbahn aufgetragenen Haltestreifen.As a rule, the blocking area or a first zone of the blocking area begins at a retaining strip applied on the roadway.

In Ländern, die einen Verkehrsverstoß ausschließlich anhand des Überfahrens eines solchen Haltestreifens definieren, ist es ausreichend, das Überfahren des Haltestreifens während der Sperrphase zu detektieren.In countries that define a traffic violation solely by driving over such a retaining strip, it is sufficient to detect the passing of the retaining strip during the blocking phase.

In Ländern, in denen das bloße Überfahren des Haltestreifens anders geahndet wird, als z. B. das Durchfahren eines dahinter liegenden Fußgängerübergangsbereiches oder das Durchfahren eines hinter einem Haltestreifen bzw. einem Fußgängerübergangsbereich liegenden Kreuzungsbereiches einer die überwachte Fahrbahn kreuzenden Fahrbahn, ist es von Interesse, diese Ereignisse gegebenenfalls sicher zu erfassen.In countries where the mere crossing of the retaining strip is punished differently than z. B. driving through an underlying pedestrian crossing area or passing through a crossing behind a holding strip or a pedestrian crossing area of the monitored Lane crossing road, it is of interest to record these events safely if necessary.

Zur Detektion von auf einer Fahrbahn fahrenden Fahrzeugen sind Verfahren und Vorrichtungen bekannt mit invasiven und nicht-invasiven Sensoren.Methods of detecting invasive and non-invasive sensors are known for detecting on-highway vehicles.

Nicht-invasive Sensoren sind insbesondere Radarsensoren oder Lasersensoren und werden in der Verkehrsüberwachung insbesondere für die Geschwindigkeitsmessung eingesetzt, wobei die Geschwindigkeit während der Durchfahrt des Fahrzeuges durch den Messbereich permanent gemessen bzw. aus einer permanent gemessenen Entfernung zum Messsensor abgeleitet wird. Der Messbereich wird durch die Randstrahlen der Messstrahlung begrenzt.Non-invasive sensors are in particular radar sensors or laser sensors and are used in traffic monitoring in particular for speed measurement, wherein the speed during the passage of the vehicle through the measuring range is permanently measured or derived from a permanently measured distance to the measuring sensor. The measuring range is limited by the marginal rays of the measuring radiation.

Bei den invasiven Sensoren kommen Piezostreifen oder insbesondere Induktionsschleifen zum Einsatz. Die invasiven Sensoren generieren ein Signal, wenn sie durch ein Fahrzeug überfahren werden und zeigen damit die Anwesenheit eines Fahrzeuges am Ort des Sensors zu einem bestimmten Zeitpunkt bzw. in einem bestimmten Zeitbereich an.The invasive sensors use piezo strips or, in particular, induction loops. The invasive sensors generate a signal when they are run over by a vehicle and thus indicate the presence of a vehicle at the location of the sensor at a specific time or in a specific time range.

In der Beschreibung der DE 35 32 527 A1 wird von einem Stand der Technik ausgegangen, nach dem beim Überfahren eines in die Fahrbahn vor dem Kreuzungsbereich eingelassenen Fühlers eine Kamera ausgelöst wird, die ein erstes Foto von einem diesen Fühler überfahrenden Fahrzeug erzeugt. Die Kamera wird anschließend in einem festen zeitlichen Abstand ein zweites Mal ausgelöst, um das Fahrzeug im Kreuzungsbereich zu fotografieren. Es wird als nachteilig erkannt, dass sowohl ein sehr schnell als auch ein sehr langsam fahrendes Fahrzeug mit einer zweiten Aufnahme nicht beweissicher erfasst werden kann. Das zu schnell fahrende Fahrzeug könnte bereits aus dem Objektfeld der Kamera gefahren sein, das zu langsam fahrende Fahrzeug ist vielleicht noch nicht im Kreuzungsbereich.In the description of DE 35 32 527 A1 is based on a state of the art, according to which a camera is triggered when passing over a recessed in the lane in front of the intersection area sensor, which generates a first photo of a vehicle passing over this sensor. The camera is then triggered a second time at a fixed time interval to photograph the vehicle in the intersection area. It is recognized as disadvantageous that both a very fast and a very slow moving vehicle with a second shot can not be detected proof. The vehicle driving too fast could have already driven out of the object field of the camera, the slow moving vehicle may not yet be in the intersection area.

Zur Lösung dieses Problems wird in der DE 35 32 527 A1 eine Vorrichtung vorgeschlagen, bei der zwei Induktionsschleifen oder dergleichen in Fahrtrichtung hintereinander in die Fahrbahndecke einer Fahrspur eingelassen sind. Die erste Induktionsschleife befindet sich unmittelbar hinter einer Straßenmarkierung (Haltestreifen) und die zweite befindet sich im Kreuzungsbereich. Wenn ein Fahrzeug während der Sperrphase die erste Induktionsschleife überfährt, wird die Kamera für eine erste Aufnahme ausgelöst. Eine zweite Aufnahme wird dann ausgelöst, wenn das Fahrzeug die zweite Induktionsschleife überfährt. Diese Aufnahme erfolgt allerdings nur, wenn vorher durch das Überfahren der ersten Induktionsschleife die erste Aufnahme ausgelöst wurde, um zu verhindern, dass die Kamera durch den Querverkehr ausgelöst wird. Die Detektion zweier verschiedener Fahrzeugpositionen hat hier nicht den Zweck einer differenzierten Erfassung von Verkehrsverstößen, sondern dient ausschließlich, um ein Signal zur Auslösung der Kamera zu generieren.To solve this problem is in the DE 35 32 527 A1 proposed a device in which two induction loops or the like in the direction of travel one behind the other are embedded in the road surface of a lane. The first induction loop is immediately behind a road marking (holding strip) and the second is in the crossing area. If a vehicle crosses the first induction loop during the lockout phase, the camera will fire for a first shot. A second shot is fired when the vehicle passes the second induction loop. However, this recording only takes place if the first recording was triggered beforehand by passing the first induction loop, in order to prevent the camera being triggered by the cross traffic. The detection of two different vehicle positions does not have the purpose of a differentiated detection of traffic violations, but serves only to generate a signal to trigger the camera.

Für eine differenzierte Verkehrsverstoßerfassung sind sowohl ein Verfahren nach DE 35 32 527 A1 als auch ein Verfahren, von dem in der DE 35 32 527 A1 als Stand der Technik ausgegangen wurde, nicht geeignet.For a differentiated traffic violation detection are both a procedure after DE 35 32 527 A1 as well as a method of which in the DE 35 32 527 A1 was considered as prior art, not suitable.

Letzteres detektiert das Fahrzeug nur einmal. In diesem Moment wird die Kamera ein erstes Mal ausgelöst und bildet das Fahrzeug am Detektionsort ab. Nachfolgende Aufnahmen zeigen zwar gegebenenfalls das Fahrzeug an weiteren Orten, aber es bedarf der Auswertung der Aufnahmen, um dies festzustellen.The latter only detects the vehicle once. At this moment, the camera is triggered a first time and maps the vehicle at the detection location. Subsequent recordings may show the vehicle at additional locations, but it will be necessary to evaluate the recordings to determine this.

Bei einem Verfahren nach der DE 35 32 527 A1 wird eine zweite Aufnahme, so wie eine erste, beim Detektieren eines Fahrzeuges erstellt. Allein die Tatsache, dass ein zweites Foto erstellt wird, ist eine gesicherte Angabe dafür, dass das Fahrzeug den Detektionsort passiert hat.In a method according to the DE 35 32 527 A1 For example, a second shot, such as a first one, is created upon detecting a vehicle. The mere fact that a second photo is taken is a sure indication that the vehicle has passed the detection site.

Bei einer Induktionsschleife handelt es sich um eine Spule mit einem Luftkern.An induction loop is a coil with an air core.

Sie bestehen in der Regel aus ein bis drei Windungen mit einer Breite geringer der Fahrbahnbreite und einer Tiefe von regelmäßig 1 m.They usually consist of one to three turns with a width less the road width and a depth of 1 m regularly.

Mehrere Induktionsschleifen hintereinander werden mit einem Mindestabstand gleich der Tiefe der Induktionsschleifen angeordnet.Several induction loops in a row are arranged with a minimum distance equal to the depth of the induction loops.

Eine Induktionsschleife hat eine konstante Induktivität, die sich erhöht, wenn ein metallischer Körper, hier ein Fahrzeug, in die Induktionsschleife hineinfährt. Sobald die Induktionsschleife über ihre Tiefe von dem Fahrzeug überdeckt ist, bleibt die Induktivität nahezu konstant und sinkt dann beim Herausfahren wieder auf ihren ursprünglichen Wert zurück. Gemäß der DE 35 32 527 A1 wird diese Induktivitätsänderung über die Zeit durch Signalverarbeitungsmittel zu einem einwandfrei verarbeitbaren Rechteckimpuls umgewandelt. Für die weitere Signalverarbeitung ist nur von Interesse, ob dieses Rechtecksignal vorhanden ist oder nicht.An induction loop has a constant inductance, which increases when a metallic body, here a vehicle, enters the induction loop. As soon as the induction loop is covered by the vehicle over its depth, the inductance remains almost constant and then drops back to its original value when it is being moved out. According to the DE 35 32 527 A1 This inductance change is converted over time by signal processing means to a perfectly processable square pulse. For the further signal processing is only of interest, whether this square wave signal is present or not.

Eine Vorrichtung gemäß der DE 35 32 527 A1 und ein hiermit ausgeübtes Verfahren haben insbesondere den Nachteil, dass zwingend zwei Induktionsschleifen erforderlich sind.A device according to the DE 35 32 527 A1 and a method practiced hereby have the particular disadvantage that two induction loops are absolutely necessary.

Darüber hinaus werden die Aufnahmen, egal ob als Frontalfotografie oder Heckfotografie, dann ausgelöst, wenn ein Signal von den Induktionsschleifen bewirkt wird und das erfolgt beim Eintritt des Fahrzeuges in die Induktionsschleife. Bei Frontalfotografie heißt das, dass sich zum Zeitpunkt des Auslösens der Kamera, eine Fahrzeugfront immer im gleichen Abstand zur Kamera befindet. Hingegen kann der Abstand des Hecks bei einer Heckfotografie um die mögliche Längendifferenz der Fahrzeuge variieren. Zwischen einem Motorrad und einem Sattelschlepper können mehr als 10 m Längenunterschied sein, das heißt der Abstand des Fahrzeughecks zur Kamera kann um diesen Längenunterschied variieren.In addition, the images, whether as a frontal photography or rear photography, then triggered when a signal from the induction loops is effected and that occurs when the vehicle enters the induction loop. In frontal photography, this means that at the time the camera is triggered, a vehicle front is always at the same distance from the camera. By contrast, the distance of the stern in a rear-view photograph may vary by the possible difference in length of the vehicles. There may be more than 10 m of difference in length between a motorcycle and a semi-trailer, ie the distance between the rear of the vehicle and the camera may vary by this difference in length.

Die EP 1 486 928 A2 offenbart ein Verfahren zum differenzierten Feststellen von Verkehrsverstößen und stellt den naheliegenderen Stand der Technik dar.The EP 1 486 928 A2 discloses a method for differential detection of traffic violations and represents the more obvious prior art.

Das Einfahren eines Fahrzeuges in und das Ausfahren des Fahrzeuges aus einem Detektionsbereich, gebildet durch eine Induktionsschleife, werden detektiert.The retraction of a vehicle into and the extension of the vehicle from a detection area, formed by an induction loop, are detected.

Wird keine Ausfahrt detektiert, kann darauf geschlossen werden, dass das Fahrzeug gestoppt hat. Mit dem Wissen, dass das Fahrzeug gestoppt hat, ist das Detektionssystem in der Lage die Erfassung solcher Fahrzeuge zu vermeiden.If no exit is detected, it can be concluded that the vehicle has stopped. With the knowledge that the vehicle has stopped, the detection system is able to avoid detection of such vehicles.

Mit einem Verfahren gemäß der EP 1 486 928 A2 können Verkehrsverstöße demnach zwar differenziert festgestellt werden, sie werden jedoch nicht differenziert erfasst, womit sie differenziert geahndet werden könnten.With a method according to the EP 1 486 928 A2 Thus, although traffic violations can be detected differentiated, but they are not differentiated detected, so they could be sanctioned differentiated.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein einfaches Verfahren zur differenzierten Erfassung von Verkehrsverstößen zu schaffen.The invention has for its object to provide a simple method for differentiated detection of traffic violations.

Diese Aufgabe wird für ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Anspruches 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen sind in den Unteransprüchen beschrieben.This object is achieved for a method with the features of claim 1. Advantageous developments are described in the subclaims.

Anhand der Zeichnung wird das Verfahren im Folgenden beispielhaft näher erläutert.The method is explained in more detail below by way of example with reference to the drawing.

Es zeigen:

Fig. 1 a+b
eine Fahrbahn mit einer Induktionsschleife hinter dem Haltestreifen
Fig. 2a-d
eine Fahrbahn mit zwei Induktionsschleifen vor und hinter einem Haltestreifen
Fig. 3a-d
eine Fahrbahn mit zwei Induktionsschleifen hinter dem Haltestreifen
Show it:
Fig. 1 a + b
a carriageway with an induction loop behind the retaining strip
Fig. 2a-d
a carriageway with two induction loops in front of and behind a retaining strip
Fig. 3a-d
a carriageway with two induction loops behind the retaining strip

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren soll nachfolgend insbesondere an Ausführungsformen erläutert werden, bei denen der Detektionsbereich bzw. die Detektionsbereiche durch eine Induktionsschleife definiert werden.The method according to the invention will be explained below in particular in embodiments in which the detection area or the detection areas are defined by an induction loop.

Gegenüber gattungsgleichen, aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Verfahren und Vorrichtungen unterscheidet sich ein erfindungsgemäßes Verfahren im Wesentlichen dadurch, dass beim Überfahren einer Induktionsschleife zwei Signale abgeleitet und zur Datengewinnung bzw. Verfahrenssteuerung verwendet werden.Compared to generic same, known from the prior art methods and apparatus, a method according to the invention differs essentially in that when crossing an induction loop two signals are derived and used for data acquisition and process control.

Ein Eintrittssignal wird abgeleitet, wenn das Fahrzeug mit seiner Front in eine Induktionsschleife einfährt.An entrance signal is derived when the vehicle enters its front in an induction loop.

Ein Austrittssignal wird abgeleitet, wenn das Fahrzeug mit seinem Heck eine Induktionsschleife verlässt.An exit signal is diverted when the vehicle exits with its tail an induction loop.

Vorteilhaft kann durch diese beiden auf einen Zeitpunkt reduzierten Signale ein Belegsignal begrenzt werden, welches die Anwesenheit des Fahrzeuges innerhalb der Induktionsschleife belegt.Advantageously, by these two signals reduced to one point in time, a document signal can be limited, which occupies the presence of the vehicle within the induction loop.

Je nach Anordnung einer oder auch mehrerer Induktionsschleifen innerhalb oder zu einem Sperrbereich, der durch Fahrbahnmarkierungen und/oder die Position einer Ampel bestimmt ist, können die Eintritts- und Austrittssignale und gegebenenfalls Belegsignale zur Verfahrenssteuerung oder Datengewinnung verwendet werden.Depending on the arrangement of one or more inductive loops within or to a stop band, which is determined by road markings and / or the position of a traffic light, the entry and exit signals and possibly document signals can be used for process control or data acquisition.

Welche Signale wofür genutzt werden, hängt davon ab, welche Daten benötigt werden, um einen Verkehrsverstoß differenziert erfassen zu können.Which signals are used depends on which data is required to detect a traffic violation in a differentiated manner.

Bei einer ersten Ausführungsform, die anhand der Fig. 1a und b erläutert wird, wird mit dem Eintrittssignal E1 einer ersten Induktionsschleife 1 das Eintreten des Fahrzeuges in den Sperrbereich detektiert. Der Sperrbereich beginnt hier beispielhaft nicht exakt mit einem auf der Fahrbahn aufgetragenen Haltestreifen 2, sondern knapp dahinter.In a first embodiment, based on the Fig. 1a and b is explained, with the entrance signal E1 a first induction loop 1, the entry of the vehicle is detected in the restricted area. The blocking area does not start here, for example, exactly with a holding strip 2 applied on the roadway, but just behind it.

Das Eintrittssignal E1 wird als Steuersignal zum Auslösen einer Kamera und damit Erstellen eines ersten Frontfotos verwendet. Weitere Frontfotos werden nach fest vorgegebenen Zeiten ausgelöst.The entrance signal E1 is used as a control signal for triggering a camera and thus creating a first frontal photo. Further front photos are released after fixed times.

Mit dem Austrittssignal A1 wird die Anwesenheit des Fahrzeuges nach einem Fahrweg L gleich der Summe aus der Tiefe der Induktionsschleife 1 und der Fahrzeuglänge detektiert. Das heißt, da die Position des Fahrzeughecks detektiert wird, können sich Fahrzeuge unterschiedlicher Länge unterschiedlich tief im Sperrbereich befinden. Man könnte annehmen, dass Fahrzeuge größerer Länge gegenüber Fahrzeugen geringerer Länge besser gestellt sind, da diese weit in den zweiten Sperrbereich einfahren können, bevor sie hier detektiert werden. Praktisch ist das jedoch nicht der Fall, da die Fahrzeuge entweder außerhalb des Sperrbereiches, d. h. in Fahrtrichtung im Wesentlichen hinter dem Haltestreifen 1 oder knapp hinter dem Haltestreifen 1 und damit im Sperrbereich zum Halten kommen. Ist beides nicht der Fall, dann durchfahren sie in der Regel den Sperrbereich, d. h. die zweite Detektion des Fahrzeuges kann als Bestätigung dafür genommen werden, dass das Fahrzeug nicht nur tiefer in den Sperrbereich eingefahren ist, sondern ihn durchfährt. Ob nach einem Eintrittssignal E ein Austrittssignal A generiert wurde, ist ein Beleg dafür, ob das Fahrzeug nur in den Sperrbereich eingefahren ist, was in der Regel als Haltestreifenverstoß bezeichnet wird, oder auch den Sperrbereich durchfahren hat, was in der Regel als Rotlichtverstoß bezeichnet wird.With the exit signal A1, the presence of the vehicle after a travel L equal to the sum of the depth of the induction loop 1 and the vehicle length is detected. That is, since the position of the vehicle rear is detected, vehicles of different lengths can be located at different depths in the restricted area. It could be assumed that vehicles of greater length are better placed than vehicles of lesser length, since they can travel far into the second restricted area before they are detected here. Practically, however, this is not the case, since the vehicles either outside the restricted area, ie in the direction of travel substantially behind the retaining strip 1 or just behind the retaining strip 1 and thus in the restricted area to hold come. If neither is the case, then they usually pass through the restricted area, ie the second detection of the vehicle can be taken as confirmation that the vehicle is not only retracted deeper into the restricted area, but passes through it. Whether an exit signal A was generated after an entry signal E is a proof of whether the vehicle has retracted only into the restricted area, which is usually referred to as a holding strip violation, or has also passed through the restricted area, which is generally referred to as a red light infringement ,

Über die messtechnische Erfassung beider Ereignisse können diese unterschieden werden, ohne dass eine visuelle Auswertung der Fotos erforderlich wäre. Zumindest unterstützen sie jedoch eine Auswertung der Fotos.The metrological recording of both events allows them to be distinguished without requiring a visual evaluation of the photos. At least they support an evaluation of the photos.

Wird kein Austrittssignal A generiert, ist der Verstoß nur ein Haltestreifenverstoß. Indem mit dem Eintrittssignal ein Belegsignal generiert wird, welches mit dem Austrittssignal A beendet wird, kann durch das Belegsignal eine zusätzliche Bestätigung erhalten werden, dass es sich tatsächlich um einen Haltestreifenverstoß handelt.If no exit signal A is generated, the offense is only a hold violation. By generating a receipt signal with the entry signal, which is terminated with the exit signal A, an additional confirmation can be obtained by the receipt signal that it is actually a holding ticket violation.

Die beschriebene erste Ausführung des Verfahrens ermöglicht lediglich eine differenzierte Erfassung, ob ein den Haltestreifen überfahrenden Fahrzeug noch zum Halten gekommen ist oder nicht.The described first embodiment of the method only allows a differentiated detection as to whether a vehicle passing over the retaining strip has come to a halt or not.

Bei der Erfassung des Haltestreifenverstoßes ist gesichert, dass während derselben Sperrphase kein zweites Fahrzeug auf der gleichen Fahrspur detektiert werden kann, da das zum Halten gekommene Fahrzeug das nachfolgende blockiert. Der Detektionsbereich könnte für die verbleibende Zeitdauer der Sperrphase deaktiviert werden.In the detection of the holding strip violation, it is ensured that during the same blocking phase no second vehicle can be detected on the same lane, since the stopped vehicle blocks the subsequent lane. The detection area could be deactivated for the remaining period of the blocking phase.

Bei der Erfassung eines Rotlichtverstoßes kann nicht ausgeschlossen werden, dass weitere Fahrzeuge, auf der gleichen Fahrbahn fahrend, ebenso noch einen Haltestreifen- oder Rotlichtverstoß begehen, das heißt es könnten weitere Eintrittssignale E oder auch Austrittssignale A detektiert werden.When detecting a red light violation, it can not be ruled out that further vehicles, traveling on the same roadway, also commit a holding light or red light violation, ie, further entry signals E or exit signals A could be detected.

In einer zweiten Ausführungsform, die anhand den Fig. 2a-d erläutert werden soll, soll auch die Geschwindigkeit erfasst werden, um z. B. die weiteren Fotos nicht nach einer festen Zeit auszulösen, sondern in Abhängigkeit von der Geschwindigkeit so auszulösen, um sicher zu sein, dass diese auch tatsächlich durch die Kamera erfasst werden.In a second embodiment, based on the Fig. 2a-d should be explained, the speed should also be recorded to z. For example, do not trigger the other photos after a fixed time, but depending on the speed so as to be sure that they are actually detected by the camera.

Darüber hinaus können Verstöße in Abhängigkeit von der Geschwindigkeit differenziert werden. Es gibt nationale Gesetzgebungen, nach denen z. B. ein Rechtsabbiegen oder das Überfahren eines Fußgängerübergangs bis zu einer vorgegebenen Fahrgeschwindigkeit zulässig ist, das Anhalten hingegen im Fußgängerbereich bzw. das zu schnelle Durchfahren geahndet wird.In addition, violations can be differentiated depending on the speed. There are national laws according to which z. B. a right turn or crossing a pedestrian crossing to a predetermined speed is allowed, the arrest, however, is punished in the pedestrian area or too fast driving through.

In dieser zweiten Ausführungsform wird aus dem zeitlichen Abstand des Eintrittssignals E1 einer ersten Induktionsschleife 1 und des Eintrittssignals E2 einer zweiten Induktionsschleife sowie der Kenntnis der Entfernung zwischen den beiden Induktionsschleifen die Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeit ermittelt, und das zweite Eintrittssignal E2 löst wie in der ersten Ausführungsform eine Kamera aus, um ein erstes Frontfoto zu erstellen. Um den Auslösezeitpunkt für weitere Frontfotos zu ermitteln, wird in Abhängigkeit von der ermittelten Geschwindigkeit der Zeitpunkt bestimmt, an dem sich das Fahrzeug in einem vorgegebenen Abstand zur Kamera befindet. Im Vergleich zur ersten Ausführungsform kann eine Kamera mit einem geringeren Tiefenschärfebereich und damit mit einer größeren Öffnungsblende verwendet werden, sodass die Schwankungsbreite der möglichen Abstände der Fahrzeugfronten während der Aufnahmen geringer ist. Die Verwertung eines zweiten Austrittssignals A2 erfolgt analog dem Austrittssignal A1 der ersten Ausführungsform.In this second embodiment, the vehicle speed is determined from the time interval of the entry signal E1 of a first induction loop 1 and the entry signal E2 of a second induction loop and the knowledge of the distance between the two induction loops, and the second entry signal E2 triggers a camera as in the first embodiment to create a first front photo. To determine the triggering time for further front photos, the time is determined at which the vehicle is at a predetermined distance from the camera, depending on the determined speed. Compared with the first embodiment, a camera with a smaller depth of focus range and thus with a larger aperture stop can be used, so that the range of variation of the possible distances between the vehicle fronts during the recording is lower. The utilization of a second exit signal A2 is analogous to the exit signal A1 of the first embodiment.

Eine dritte Ausführungsform soll ebenfalls anhand von Fig. 2a-d erläutert werden, allerdings ist eine erste Induktionsschleife 1 in Fahrtrichtung soweit hinter einer zweiten Induktionsschleife 2 angeordnet, dass ein erstes Austrittssignal A1 generiert wird, bevor das Fahrzeug den Haltestreifen erreicht. Mit dem Generieren des zweiten Eintrittssignals E2 kann gleich der zweiten Ausführungsform aus dem zeitlichen Abstand zum ersten Eintrittssignal E1 und dem bekannten Abstand der Induktionsschleifen die Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeit ermittelt werden. Mit Kenntnis der Geschwindigkeit sowie dem zeitlichen Abstand des ersten Eintrittssignals E1 und ersten Austrittssignals A1 kann die Fahrzeuglänge bestimmt werden. Das Wissen um die Fahrzeuglänge kann als Entscheidungskriterium dienen, ob das betreffende Fahrzeug auf einer für das Fahrzeug zulässigen Fahrspur fährt. Die Fahrzeuglänge kann aber auch in Verbindung mit der Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeit verwendet werden, um eine durch das zweite Eintrittssignal E2 ausgelöste Kamera zu verzögern, damit bei einer Heckfotografie dieses in einen vorgegebenen Abstand zur Kamera kommt.A third embodiment is also based on Fig. 2a-d be explained, however, a first induction loop 1 is arranged in the direction of travel behind a second induction loop 2 so far that a first exit signal A1 is generated before the vehicle reaches the holding strip. With the generation of the second entry signal E2 may be equal to the second embodiment of the time interval to the first entrance signal E1 and the known distance of the induction loops, the vehicle speed can be determined. With knowledge of the speed and the time interval of the first entry signal E1 and the first exit signal A1, the vehicle length can be determined. The knowledge about the vehicle length can serve as a decision criterion as to whether the vehicle in question drives on a lane permissible for the vehicle. The vehicle length can also be used in conjunction with the vehicle speed to delay a triggered by the second entrance signal E2 camera so that in a rear-end photograph this comes in a predetermined distance from the camera.

In einer vierten Ausführungsform werden zwei Eintrittssignale E1 und E2 sowie zwei Austrittssignale A1 und A2 nach dem Überfahren eines Haltestreifens generiert.In a fourth embodiment, two entry signals E1 and E2 and two exit signals A1 and A2 are generated after passing over a holding strip.

Wie in den vorangegangenen Ausführungsformen wird jeweils die Position des Hecks bzw. der Front eines Fahrzeuges signalisiert.As in the previous embodiments, the position of the rear or the front of a vehicle is signaled in each case.

Das Eintrittssignal E1 zeigt an, dass das Fahrzeug den Haltestreifen überfahren hat.The entrance signal E1 indicates that the vehicle has run over the retaining strip.

Das Eintrittssignal E2 zeigt an, dass das Fahrzeug in den Bereich eines Fußgängerübergangs eingedrungen ist.The entrance signal E2 indicates that the vehicle has entered the area of a pedestrian crossing.

Aus beiden Signalen lasst sich wie bereits erläutert die Geschwindigkeit ableiten. Das erste Austrittssignal A1 könnte verwendet werden, um eine Kamera zur Erstellung eines Heckfotos auszulösen, wenn das Überschreiten einer vorgegebenen Geschwindigkeit festgestellt wird. Das zweite Austrittssignal A2 könnte ein zweites Heckfoto auslösen.From both signals can be derived as already explained, the speed. The first exit signal A1 could be used to trigger a camera to create a rear photo when exceeding a predetermined speed is detected. The second exit signal A2 could trigger a second tail photo.

Durch das erfindungsgemäße Ableiten eines Eintritts- und eines Austrittssignals beim Überfahren einer Induktionsschleife können im Vergleich zum Stand der Technik mit einer gleichen Anzahl von Induktionsschleifen mehr Fahrzeugpositionen detektiert werden, um Verkehrsverstöße an Lichtsignalanlagen differenzierter ahnden zu können.By deriving an entry and an exit signal when passing an induction loop according to the invention, more vehicle positions can be detected in comparison to the prior art with an equal number of induction loops in order to be able to differentiate traffic violations at traffic light systems in a differentiated manner.

Bei allen vorgenannten Ausführungsformen wurden Signale auch als Steuersignale zum Auslösen einer Kamera verwendet. Dies ist für die Verkehrsahndung, die sich auf eine fotografische Erfassung des verstoßenden Fahrzeuges stützt, notwendig. Ein erfindungsgemäßes Verfahren und eine hierzu geeignete Vorrichtung sind aber auch für statistische Zwecke einsetzbar, wo eine fotografische Aufnahme der detektierten Fahrzeuge nicht erforderlich ist.In all the above embodiments, signals were also used as control signals for triggering a camera. This is necessary for the traffic guidance, which relies on a photographic detection of the violating vehicle. However, a method according to the invention and a device suitable for this purpose can also be used for statistical purposes where a photograph of the detected vehicles is not required.

Bei allen vorgenannten Ausführungsformen wurde der Detektionsbereich durch eine Induktionsschleife definiert. Sie hat sich als eine robuste und preiswerte Variante herausgestellt und ist insbesondere geeignet, wenn mehr als zwei Detektionsbereiche geschaffen werden sollen.In all the aforementioned embodiments, the detection area has been defined by an induction loop. It has proven to be a robust and inexpensive variant and is particularly suitable if more than two detection areas are to be created.

Grundsätzlich kann der Detektionsbereich auch durch andere in die Fahrbahn eingelegte Sensoren definiert werden oder durch Strahlungssensoren, die eine Messstrahlung auf die Fahrbahn richten. Die Randstrahlen des Messstrahlenbündels begrenzen dann den Detektionsbereich. Es wird ein Eintrittssignal generiert, wenn die Intensität der am Fahrzeug zurütkreflektierten Strahlung das erste Mal einen vorgegebenen Schwellwert überschreitet, und ein Austrittssignal generiert, wenn die Intensität diesen Schwellwert unterschreitet. Vorteilhaft bei derartigen Ausführungsformen ist, dass die Detektionsbereiche temporär eingerichtet werden können und leicht in ihrer Lage und Dimension veränderbar sind.In principle, the detection region can also be defined by other sensors inserted in the roadway or by radiation sensors which direct a measuring radiation onto the roadway. The marginal rays of the measuring beam then limit the detection range. An entry signal is generated when the intensity of the radiation reflected on the vehicle exceeds a predetermined threshold for the first time, and an exit signal is generated when the intensity falls below this threshold. An advantage of such embodiments is that the detection areas can be set up temporarily and are easily changeable in their position and dimension.

Während die Tiefe des Detektionsbereiches bei Induktionsschleifen in der Regel 1 m ist, kann die Tiefe bei Detektionsbereichen, bestimmt durch einen Messstrahlenbereich, durch eine Änderung des Öffnungswinkels des Messstrahlenbündels oder eine veränderte Aufstellung zur Fahrbahn einfach verändert werden, um sie einer konkreten Differenzierungsabsicht anzupassen.While the depth of the detection zone in the case of induction loops is generally 1 m, the depth at detection areas, determined by a measuring beam area, can easily be changed by a change in the opening angle of the measuring beam or an altered alignment to the roadway, in order to adapt it to a concrete differentiation intention.

Claims (8)

  1. A method for differentiated detection of traffic violations in a restricted area controlled by traffic lights, wherein a detection area is formed within said restricted area, said detection area having a predetermined depth and being activated during a restriction phase controlled by the traffic lights in order to detect a vehicle entering the restricted area during the restriction phase, wherein an entrance signal (E) is generated as the vehicle enters the detection area and an exit signal (A) is generated as the vehicle exits the detection area,
    upon receipt of an entrance signal (E) and an exit signal (A) the conclusion is drawn that a vehicle has passed through the restricted area, and the generation of further entrance signals (E) and exit signals (A) during the same restriction phase is not unlikely,
    upon receipt of only an entrance signal (E), which is not followed by an exit signal (A) within a predetermined time, the conclusion is drawn that a vehicle has entered the restricted area and has stopped and that no further entrance or exit signals are to be expected during the same restriction phase, and at least one photograph is taken, characterised in that
    different codes are displayed in the photograph, depending on whether only an entrance signal or an entrance signal and an exit signal has been generated.
  2. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that the detection area is defined by a sensor embedded in the road.
  3. Method according to claim 2, characterised in that the sensor is an induction loop and the predetermined depth is defined by the spacing of the loop segments that run perpendicular to the direction of the roadway.
  4. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that the detection area is the measurement area of a measurement beam and the predetermined depth is determined by the distance between the peripheral rays.
  5. Method according to claim 4, characterised in that the measurement beam is a radar beam.
  6. Method according to claim 4, characterised in that the measurement beam is a laser beam.
  7. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that more than only one detection area is formed so as to allow even better differentiation between violations, such as the differentiation between entering the restricted area, entering a defined zone within the restricted area, such as a pedestrian crossing, and passing through the restricted area.
  8. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that the first boundaries of the restricted area and of the detection area in the direction of traffic coincide.
EP08170628A 2007-12-03 2008-12-03 Method and device for sophisticated detecting of traffic violations in a restricted area controlled by traffic lights Active EP2068291B1 (en)

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DE102009060499A1 (en) * 2009-12-22 2011-06-30 JENOPTIK Robot GmbH, 40789 Method and arrangement for detecting traffic violations in a traffic light area
CN103325252B (en) * 2013-06-07 2015-07-15 太仓苏晟电气技术科技有限公司 Solar red-light-running snapshot system and working method thereof
CN104732772B (en) * 2015-04-08 2016-01-06 海安常大技术转移中心有限公司 Traffic intersection robs a driving Identification platform
CN104732771B (en) * 2015-04-08 2016-01-06 海安常大技术转移中心有限公司 Traffic intersection robs row vehicle identification method
CN111008609B (en) * 2019-12-16 2023-05-19 北京迈格威科技有限公司 Traffic light and lane matching method and device and electronic equipment

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GB1348895A (en) * 1971-03-19 1974-03-27 Marshall A N Vehicle interval detection and signalling system
DE2365331C3 (en) * 1973-02-14 1979-02-08 Robot, Foto Und Electronic Gmbh & Co Kg, 4000 Duesseldorf Device for the photographic surveillance of traffic light controlled intersections
DE3532527A1 (en) 1985-09-12 1987-03-19 Robot Foto Electr Kg DEVICE FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC MONITORING OF CROSSINGS
DE3820520A1 (en) * 1988-06-16 1989-12-21 Arthur Fisser Monitoring device for a road block which is controlled by a traffic light system
AUPQ281299A0 (en) * 1999-09-14 1999-10-07 Locktronic Systems Pty. Ltd. Improvements in image recording apparatus
FR2835952B3 (en) * 2002-02-11 2004-06-04 Electronique Controle Mesure DEVICE FOR DETECTING RED CROSSROAD LIGHTS AND FOR RECORDING DIGITAL IMAGES AS PROOF
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