EP2062963A2 - Method and device for processing oilseeds in an energy efficient and environmentally friendly way - Google Patents
Method and device for processing oilseeds in an energy efficient and environmentally friendly way Download PDFInfo
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- EP2062963A2 EP2062963A2 EP08015906A EP08015906A EP2062963A2 EP 2062963 A2 EP2062963 A2 EP 2062963A2 EP 08015906 A EP08015906 A EP 08015906A EP 08015906 A EP08015906 A EP 08015906A EP 2062963 A2 EP2062963 A2 EP 2062963A2
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- gas
- preheater
- seed
- conditioner
- heat exchanger
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/02—Pretreatment
- C11B1/04—Pretreatment of vegetable raw material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/02—Pretreatment
Definitions
- the invention relates to a process for the conditioning of oilseeds.
- the invention further relates to a device for preheating oilseeds and for purifying gas streams.
- Oilseeds are typically processed into feed for animal nutrition, for human nutritional oil or for technical applications such as detergents, lubricating oils or fuels.
- the main process steps of this processing are the cleaning, the mechanical treatment and the thermal conditioning (drying and heating) of the seed and the separation of the liquid phase and the cooling of the end products before storage.
- the thermal conditioning of the seed is carried out with high-tensioned steam in indirectly heated apparatus. Prior to entry into these apparatus, the seed is crushed in crushing and crushing plants to facilitate thermal conditioning. As the atmospheric oxygen damages the oil in the comminuted seed, during conditioning the air is only permitted in a size required for seed drying.
- the heating steam is stretched for example to 183 ° C at 10 bar.
- the steam vapors emerging from the seed are laden with odorous substances, mix with the air required for drying and are released into the environment after mechanical cleaning of dust.
- Newer plants with a higher throughput rate use vapor scrubbers, biobedes or biofilters for additional odor removal in order to avoid complaints from the population.
- the warm cooling air from the solids cooler, the water vapor-air mixture (vapors) from the conditioned seed and the heated cooling water from the liquid cooling are released to the environment without using the energy content.
- the high-tension steam used in the thermal conditioning produces a condensate having a temperature corresponding to the boiling pressure of the steam. If the pressure of the condensate is relieved to ambient pressure, considerable re-evaporation occurs. This steam is released into the environment in many cases without using the energy content.
- the object of the present invention is to improve a method of the aforementioned type such that a reduced energy consumption for the processing of oilseeds realized and thus a contribution to climate protection by reduced CO2 release is made.
- This object is achieved in that the waste heat from at least one process step of the oil recovery is used for preconditioning of the process supplied seed.
- Another object of the present invention is to construct a device of the initially mentioned type such that reduced operating costs are supported.
- This object is achieved in that a preheater for the oilseed is connected via a heat exchanger with a cooler for hot press cake.
- the present invention makes it possible to use the energy from the various waste heat sources of an oil recovery plant for oilseed processing and to reduce the emissions to the environment and the processing costs.
- the transmission of energy can be done by means of a harmless for the seed heat transfer medium.
- a simple process implementation is supported by the fact that the gas is formed as air.
- a sufficiently intense cooling of the press cake and heating of the seed is supported by the fact that a gas delivery device is used to specify a gas flow.
- the gas be at least partially conveyed in a closed loop.
- a further process optimization takes place in that an outlet of the preheater is connected to a gas-flowed conditioner.
- gas flowing out of the conditioner is at least partially returned to the area of the preheater after cooling and condensation of the water vapor content contained in the gas.
- the gas between the conditioner and the preheater be cleaned of solids and other adhesive by-products.
- the energy requirement of electrical and thermal energy for the production of rapeseed cake (with about 7-8 wt.% Residual oil) and rapeseed oil is about 156 kWh per ton of seed with about 8% by weight of water.
- Prepressing the rape seed to about 18-20% by weight of residual fat in the press cake requires approx. 96 kWh / t of thermal and electrical energy in the pre-press system.
- Fig. 1 shows an example of the distribution of energy flows.
- the energy released has a temperature level of approx. 80 to 110 ° C.
- the specified waste heat of approx. 90 kWh / t corresponds to a steam quantity of approx. 162 kg 10 bar nominal steam per tonne of seed.
- steam costs of 0.035 EUR / kg the processing costs, with the use of an energy recovery, can be reduced by about 5.67 EUR per tonne of seed.
- the efficiency of the steam boiler is not considered.
- Fig. 2 shows an example of the distribution of energy flows.
- the energy released has a temperature level of approx. 80 to 110 ° C.
- the specified energy saving of approx. 44 kWh / t corresponds to a steam volume of approx. 79 kg 10 bar nominal steam per tonne of seed.
- steam costs of 0.035 EUR / kg the processing costs, with the use of an energy recovery, can be reduced by approximately 2.77 EUR per tonne of seed.
- the efficiency of the steam boiler is not considered.
- the energy from said waste heat sources with a temperature level from 80-100 ° C for heating the seed entering the plant at a temperature level of 10 to 15 ° C.
- air is heated with the energy from the waste heat sources and then passed through a bed of purified, unbroken seed.
- the air is heated in optimally dimensioned heat exchangers by the countercurrently conveyed hot press oil, the vapor from the reboiling or the vapors from the seed or Presskuchenkonditionierapparaten.
- the heated air from the cake cooler is passed without further heat exchanger in the seed bed.
- the whole unbroken rapeseed has a specific surface area of about 3.2 m 2 / kg.
- a bed of, for example, 2,000 kg has a natural heat exchange area of about 6,400 m 2 .
- the energy from the heated air can therefore be transferred to the seed with a very small temperature difference and preheated and dried for the subsequent thermal conditioning. Since the seed is uncut in this process step, the vegetable oil is protected in the existing cell structure from oxidation with atmospheric oxygen.
- the proposed method is based on the following and in Fig. 3 Schemas described described.
- the cold seed passes through a rotary valve in the preheater (10) and is traversed by hot air in countercurrent.
- the preheater (10) is designed to maintain a preselected seed rate to ensure maximum heat transfer from the hot air to the seed.
- About a weight-dependent discharge of the preheater (10) is automatically partially emptied and then refilled. This type of heating can be realized in other countercurrent apparatus with continuous discharge.
- the warm air is extracted by a fan (6) from the cooler (11) for solid and the heat exchanger (5) for heating the gas stream and fed into the preheater (10).
- the hot air flows through the cold seed bed in countercurrent and transfers the energy to the product.
- the seed bed consists of purified, whole unbroken seed, entrained components from the cake cooler (11) or other sources are taken up by the bed and reduce potential dust emissions to the environment.
- the condensate from the conditioner (12) and the heat exchanger (4) are collected in a condensate tank (not shown here) and provided to the boiler house for reuse.
- the heat exchanger (4) serves the vapor overheating in front of the filter (13) for the separation of dust particles from the vapor stream. If it is ensured that the dew point of the vapors does not fall below this heat exchanger (4) can be dispensed with.
- the vapor filter (13) is also replaceable by a cyclone for the deposition of dust particles
- the energy contained in the vapors is transferred to the cold air in the heat exchanger (2).
- the temperature of the vapors is lowered so far that the cooled vapors ( ⁇ 40 ° C) can be transferred to a biological purification stage in order to further reduce the odors.
- the water content and the odor loading of the vapor stream is considerably reduced when cooled below 40 ° C.
- the energy of the warm vegetable oil is used to heat a partial stream of the air.
- the air streams from the heat exchanger (3) and the heat exchanger (2) are merged and fed to the heat exchanger (5).
- the resulting at the pressure reduction of the condensate steam has the highest temperature level and is used for heating the in the heat exchanger (2, 3) preheated partial air streams in the heat exchanger (5).
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Konditionierung von Ölsaaten.The invention relates to a process for the conditioning of oilseeds.
Die Erfindung betrifft darüber hinaus eine Vorrichtung zum Vorwärmen von Ölsaaten und zum Reinigen von Gasströmen.The invention further relates to a device for preheating oilseeds and for purifying gas streams.
Ölsaaten werden typischer Weise zu Futtermitteln für die Tierernährung, zu Öl für die menschliche Ernährung oder zu Produkten für technische Anwendungen, wie zum Beispiel Waschmittel, Schmieröle oder Kraftstoffe, verarbeitet. Die wesentlichen Verfahrensschritte dieser Verarbeitung sind die Reinigung, die mechanische Aufbereitung und die thermische Konditionierung (Trocknung und Erwärmung) der Saat sowie die Separation der Flüssigphase und die Kühlung der Endprodukte vor der Lagerung.Oilseeds are typically processed into feed for animal nutrition, for human nutritional oil or for technical applications such as detergents, lubricating oils or fuels. The main process steps of this processing are the cleaning, the mechanical treatment and the thermal conditioning (drying and heating) of the seed and the separation of the liquid phase and the cooling of the end products before storage.
Diese Verfahrensweise erfordert einen hohen Aufwand an elektrischer und thermischer Energie in Form von hoch gespanntem Wasserdampf. Die Kühlung der Endprodukte erfolgt mit Kühlwasser für die Flüssigphase (Öl) oder mit Kühlluft für die feste Phase (Presskuchen, Ölschrote).This procedure requires a high cost of electrical and thermal energy in the form of highly strained water vapor. The cooling of the end products takes place with cooling water for the liquid phase (oil) or with cooling air for the solid phase (press cake, oil meal).
Die thermische Konditionierung der Saat erfolgt mit hoch gespanntem Dampf in indirekt beheizten Apparaten. Vor einem Eintritt in diese Apparate wird die Saat in Brech- und Quetschwalzwerken zerkleinert, um die thermische Konditionierung zu erleichtern. Da der Luftsauerstoff das Öl in der zerkleinerten Saat schädigt, wird während der Konditionierung die Luft nur in einem für die Saattrocknung erforderliche Maß zugelassen.The thermal conditioning of the seed is carried out with high-tensioned steam in indirectly heated apparatus. Prior to entry into these apparatus, the seed is crushed in crushing and crushing plants to facilitate thermal conditioning. As the atmospheric oxygen damages the oil in the comminuted seed, during conditioning the air is only permitted in a size required for seed drying.
Um die Heizflächen der indirekten Beheizung möglichst klein zu halten, wird der Heizdampf beispielsweise auf 183 °C bei 10 bar gespannt. Die aus der Saat austretenden Wasserdampfbrüden sind mit Geruchsstoffen beladen, vermischen sich mit der für die Trocknung notwendigen Luft und werden nach einer mechanischen Reinigung von Staub an die Umwelt abgegeben.In order to keep the heating surfaces of the indirect heating as small as possible, the heating steam is stretched for example to 183 ° C at 10 bar. The steam vapors emerging from the seed are laden with odorous substances, mix with the air required for drying and are released into the environment after mechanical cleaning of dust.
Neuere Anlagen mit größerer Durchsatzleistung setzen für eine zusätzliche Geruchsbeseitigung Brüdenwäscher, Biobeete oder Biofilter ein, um Klagen der Bevölkerung zu vermeiden.Newer plants with a higher throughput rate use vapor scrubbers, biobedes or biofilters for additional odor removal in order to avoid complaints from the population.
Die warme Kühlluft aus dem Feststoffkühler, das Wasserdampf- Luftgemisch (Brüden) aus der konditionierten Saat und das erwärmte Kühlwasser von der Flüssigkeitskühlung werden ohne Nutzung des Energieinhaltes an die Umwelt abgegeben.The warm cooling air from the solids cooler, the water vapor-air mixture (vapors) from the conditioned seed and the heated cooling water from the liquid cooling are released to the environment without using the energy content.
Darüber hinaus entsteht von dem, in der thermischen Konditionierung eingesetzten, hoch gespannten Dampf ein Kondensat mit einer Temperatur entsprechend dem Siededruck des Wasserdampfes. Wird der Druck des Kondensats auf Umgebungsdruck entspannt, entsteht eine erhebliche Nachverdampfung. Dieser Dampf wird in vielen Fällen ohne Nutzung des Energieinhaltes an die Umwelt abgegeben.In addition, the high-tension steam used in the thermal conditioning produces a condensate having a temperature corresponding to the boiling pressure of the steam. If the pressure of the condensate is relieved to ambient pressure, considerable re-evaporation occurs. This steam is released into the environment in many cases without using the energy content.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren der einleitend genannten Art derart zu verbessern, daß ein verminderter Energieverbrauch für die Verarbeitung der Ölsaaten realisiert und damit ein Beitrag zum Klimaschutz durch verminderte CO2 Abgabe geleistet wird.The object of the present invention is to improve a method of the aforementioned type such that a reduced energy consumption for the processing of oilseeds realized and thus a contribution to climate protection by reduced CO2 release is made.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß die Abwärme aus mindestens einem Verfahrensschritt der Ölgewinnung zur Vorkonditionierung der dem Prozeß zugeführten Saat genutzt wird.This object is achieved in that the waste heat from at least one process step of the oil recovery is used for preconditioning of the process supplied seed.
Weitere Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, eine Vorrichtung der einleitend genannten Art derart zu konstruieren, daß verminderte Betriebskosten unterstützt werden.Another object of the present invention is to construct a device of the initially mentioned type such that reduced operating costs are supported.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß ein Vorwärmer für die Ölsaat über einen Wärmeübertrager mit einem Kühler für warme Preßkuchen verbunden ist.This object is achieved in that a preheater for the oilseed is connected via a heat exchanger with a cooler for hot press cake.
Die Nutzung des Energieinhaltes der Abwärmequellen wurde gemäß dem Stand der Technik bisher nicht realisiert, da die Übertragung der Energie zu großen und wegen geringer Temperaturdifferenzen zwischen dem Heizmedium und dem zu erwärmenden Produkt indirekten Heizflächen führt und zusätzliche hohe Investitionen erfordert, die sich erst nach langer Betriebszeit amortisieren. Das Temperaturniveau dieser Abwärme ist für indirekte Übertragung zu gering und der Einsatz dieser Energie deshalb nicht wirtschaftlich.The use of the energy content of the waste heat sources has not been realized according to the prior art, since the transmission of energy leads to large and small temperature differences between the heating medium and the product to be heated indirect heating surfaces and requires additional high investment, which only after a long period of operation amortized. The temperature level of this waste heat is too low for indirect transmission and therefore the use of this energy is not economical.
Der Einsatz von großen Luftmengen als Wärmeüberträger bei zerkleinerter Saat ist wegen der Schädigung der Ölqualität und des möglichen Staubanteiles nicht ratsam.The use of large amounts of air as a heat exchanger in crushed seeds is not advisable because of the damage to the oil quality and the possible dust content.
Die vorliegende Erfindung ermöglicht es, die Energie aus den verschiedenen Abwärmequellen einer Ölgewinnungsanlage für die Ölsaatenverarbeitung zu nutzen und die Emissionen an die Umwelt sowie die Verarbeitungskosten zu reduzieren. Die Übertragung der Energie kann mittels einem für die Saat unschädlichen Wärmeträgermedium erfolgen.The present invention makes it possible to use the energy from the various waste heat sources of an oil recovery plant for oilseed processing and to reduce the emissions to the environment and the processing costs. The transmission of energy can be done by means of a harmless for the seed heat transfer medium.
Eine Betrachtung des erforderlichen Energieaufwandes für eine Tonne Rohsaat und die daraus resultierenden einzelnen Energieströme und deren Temperaturniveau führt zu der Überzeugung, dass unter Verwendung eines Gases als direkt eingesetztes nicht kondensierbares Wärmeträgermedium eine bemerkenswerte Rückgewinnung der eingesetzten Energie möglich ist.A consideration of the required energy expenditure for a ton of raw seed and the resulting individual energy flows and their temperature level leads to the conviction that using a gas as directly used non-condensable heat transfer medium, a remarkable recovery of the energy used is possible.
Eine einfache Verfahrensdurchführung wird dadurch unterstützt, daß das Gas als Luft ausgebildet ist.A simple process implementation is supported by the fact that the gas is formed as air.
Eine ausreichend intensive Kühlung der Preßkuchen und Erwärmung der Saat wird dadurch unterstützt, daß zur Vorgabe einer Gasströmung eine Gasfördereinrichtung verwendet ist.A sufficiently intense cooling of the press cake and heating of the seed is supported by the fact that a gas delivery device is used to specify a gas flow.
Zur Minimierung von Wärmeverlusten und Reduzierung von Umweltbelastungen durch Staub und Geruch wird vorgeschlagen, daß das Gas mindestens teilweise in einem geschlossenen Umlauf gefördert wird.To minimize heat losses and reduce environmental pollution by dust and odor, it is proposed that the gas be at least partially conveyed in a closed loop.
Eine weitere Verfahrensoptimierung erfolgt dadurch, daß ein Ausgang des Vorwärmers mit einem gasdurchströmten Konditionierer verbunden ist.A further process optimization takes place in that an outlet of the preheater is connected to a gas-flowed conditioner.
Zur weiteren Optimierung der Energiebilanz wird vorgeschlagen, daß dem Konditionierer entströmendes Gas nach einer Abkühlung und Kondensation des im Gas enthaltenen Wasserdampfanteiles mindestens teilweise in den Bereich des Vorwärmers zurückgeführt wird.To further optimize the energy balance, it is proposed that gas flowing out of the conditioner is at least partially returned to the area of the preheater after cooling and condensation of the water vapor content contained in the gas.
Zur Vermeidung von Verunreinigungen der Wärmetauschflächen wird vorgeschlagen, daß das Gas zwischen dem Konditionierer und dem Vorwärmer von Feststoffen und sonstigen haftenden Begleitstoffen gereinigt wird.To avoid contamination of the heat exchange surfaces, it is proposed that the gas between the conditioner and the preheater be cleaned of solids and other adhesive by-products.
In den Zeichnungen sind Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung schematisch dargestellt. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- Ein Diagramm zur Veranschaulichung des Energiebedarfes bei eine Fertigpressung von Raps,
- Fig. 2
- ein Diagramm ähnlich zu
Fig. 1 für den Energiebedarf bei einer Vorpressung von Raps und - Fig. 3
- ein Funktionsdiagramm zur Veranschaulichung der wesentlichen Komponenten zur Verfahrensdurchführung.
- Fig. 1
- A diagram to illustrate the energy demand in a final pressing of rapeseed,
- Fig. 2
- a diagram similar to
Fig. 1 for the energy requirement in a pre-pressing of oilseed rape and - Fig. 3
- a functional diagram illustrating the essential components for process execution.
Die Realisierung der Erfindung wird nachfolgend am Beispiel der Verarbeitung von Raps zu Presskuchen und rohem Pflanzenöl beschrieben.The realization of the invention is described below using the example of the processing of rapeseed into press cake and crude vegetable oil.
Der Energiebedarf an elektrischer und thermischer Energie für die Herstellung von Rapspresskuchen (mit ca. 7-8 Gew. % Restöl) und Rapsöl beträgt ca. 156 kWh je Tonne Saat mit ca. 8 Gew. % Wasser. Beim Vorpressen der Rapssaat auf ca. 18-20 Gew.- % Restfett im Presskuchen werden ca. 96 kWh/t an thermischer und elektrischer Energie in der Vorpressanlage benötigt.The energy requirement of electrical and thermal energy for the production of rapeseed cake (with about 7-8 wt.% Residual oil) and rapeseed oil is about 156 kWh per ton of seed with about 8% by weight of water. Prepressing the rape seed to about 18-20% by weight of residual fat in the press cake requires approx. 96 kWh / t of thermal and electrical energy in the pre-press system.
Von der eingesetzten Energie werden bei der Fertigpressung von Raps nahezu 59% (ca. 90 kWh/t) über die Nachverdampfung, Pressölkühlung, Brüdenkondensation und Kuchenkühlung in Form von Abwärme abgegeben.
Bei der Vorpressung von Raps werden von der eingesetzten Energie nahezu 46% (ca. 44 kWh/t) über die Nachverdampfung, Pressölkühlung, Brüdenkondensation und Kuchenkühlung in Form von Abwärme abgegeben.
Gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung wird vorgeschlagen, die Energie aus den genannten Abwärmequellen mit einem Temperaturniveau von 80-100 °C zur Erwärmung der in die Anlage eintretenden Saat mit einem Temperaturniveau von 10 bis 15°C zu nutzen. Hierzu wird Luft mit der Energie aus den Abwärmequellen erwärmt und anschließend durch eine Schüttung von gereinigter, ungebrochener Saat geleitet. Die Luft wird in optimal dimensionierten Wärmetauschern durch das im Gegenstrom geleitete heiße Pressöl, den Dampf aus der Nachverdampfung oder den Brüden aus den Saat- bzw. Presskuchenkonditionierapparaten, erwärmt. Die erwärmte Luft aus dem Kuchenkühler wird ohne weiteren Wärmetauscher in die Saatschüttung geleitet.According to the present invention, it is proposed that the energy from said waste heat sources with a temperature level from 80-100 ° C for heating the seed entering the plant at a temperature level of 10 to 15 ° C. For this purpose, air is heated with the energy from the waste heat sources and then passed through a bed of purified, unbroken seed. The air is heated in optimally dimensioned heat exchangers by the countercurrently conveyed hot press oil, the vapor from the reboiling or the vapors from the seed or Presskuchenkonditionierapparaten. The heated air from the cake cooler is passed without further heat exchanger in the seed bed.
Beispielsweise hat die ganze ungebrochene Rapssaat eine spezifische Oberfläche von ca. 3,2 m2/kg. Eine Schüttung von beispielsweise 2.000 kg hat eine natürliche Wärmeaustauschfläche von ca. 6.400 m2. Die Energie aus der erwärmten Luft kann also mit einer sehr geringen Temperaturdifferenz an die Saat übergeben und für die anschließende thermische Konditionierung vorgewärmt und getrocknet werden. Da bei diesem Verfahrensschritt die Saat unzerkleinert vorliegt, wird das Pflanzenöl in der vorhandenen Zellstruktur vor Oxidation mit dem Luftsauerstoff geschützt.For example, the whole unbroken rapeseed has a specific surface area of about 3.2 m 2 / kg. A bed of, for example, 2,000 kg has a natural heat exchange area of about 6,400 m 2 . The energy from the heated air can therefore be transferred to the seed with a very small temperature difference and preheated and dried for the subsequent thermal conditioning. Since the seed is uncut in this process step, the vegetable oil is protected in the existing cell structure from oxidation with atmospheric oxygen.
Das vorgeschlagene Verfahren wird anhand des folgenden und in
Die kalte Saat gelangt über eine Zellradschleuse in den Vorwärmer (10) und wird im Gegenstrom von Warmluft durchströmt. Der Vorwärmer (10) ist z.B. so konzipiert, dass eine vorgewählte Saatmenge vorgehalten wird, um eine maximale Wärmeübertragung von der Warmluft auf die Saat zu gewährleisten. Über eine gewichtsabhängige Austragsvorrichtung wird der Vorwärmer (10) automatisch teilweise entleert und anschließend wieder befüllt. Diese Art der Erwärmung kann auch in anderen Gegenstromapparaten mit kontinuierlicher Austragung realisiert werden.The cold seed passes through a rotary valve in the preheater (10) and is traversed by hot air in countercurrent. For example, the preheater (10) is designed to maintain a preselected seed rate to ensure maximum heat transfer from the hot air to the seed. About a weight-dependent discharge of the preheater (10) is automatically partially emptied and then refilled. This type of heating can be realized in other countercurrent apparatus with continuous discharge.
Die Warmluft wird mit einem Ventilator (6) aus dem Kühler (11) für Feststoff und dem Wärmetauscher (5) für die Erhitzung des Gasstromes abgesaugt und in den Vorwärmer (10) geleitet. Hier durchströmt die Warmluft die kalte Saatschüttung im Gegenstrom und gibt die Energie an das Produkt ab. Da die Saatschüttung aus gereinigter, ganzer ungebrochener Saat besteht, werden mitgeführte Bestandteile aus dem Kuchenkühler (11) oder anderen Quellen von der Schüttung aufgenommen und reduzieren mögliche Staubemissionen in die Umwelt.The warm air is extracted by a fan (6) from the cooler (11) for solid and the heat exchanger (5) for heating the gas stream and fed into the preheater (10). Here, the hot air flows through the cold seed bed in countercurrent and transfers the energy to the product. As the seed bed consists of purified, whole unbroken seed, entrained components from the cake cooler (11) or other sources are taken up by the bed and reduce potential dust emissions to the environment.
Das Kondensat aus dem Konditionierer (12) und dem Wärmetauscher (4) werden in einem Kondensattank (hier nicht dargestellt) gesammelt und dem Kesselhaus zur Wiederverwendung bereitgestellt.The condensate from the conditioner (12) and the heat exchanger (4) are collected in a condensate tank (not shown here) and provided to the boiler house for reuse.
Der Wärmetauscher (4) dient der Brüdenüberhitzung vor dem Filter (13) zur Abtrennung von Staubpartikeln aus dem Brüdenstrom. Wenn sicher gestellt ist, dass der Taupunkt der Brüden nicht unterschritten wird, kann auf diesen Wärmetauscher (4) verzichtet werden. Das Brüdenfilter (13) ist ebenso durch einen Zyklon für die Abscheidung von Staubteilchen ersetzbarThe heat exchanger (4) serves the vapor overheating in front of the filter (13) for the separation of dust particles from the vapor stream. If it is ensured that the dew point of the vapors does not fall below this heat exchanger (4) can be dispensed with. The vapor filter (13) is also replaceable by a cyclone for the deposition of dust particles
Nach der Reinigung der Brüden wird im Wärmetauscher (2) die in den Brüden enthaltene Energie an die Kaltluft abgegeben. Im Wärmetauscher (2) wird die Temperatur der Brüden soweit abgesenkt, dass die gekühlten Brüden (<40°C) in eine biologische Reinigungsstufe übergeben werden können, um die Geruchsstoffe weitergehend abzubauen. Der Wassergehalt und die Geruchsbeladung des Brüdenstromes wird bei Kühlung unter 40°C erheblich reduziert.After the vapors have been cleaned, the energy contained in the vapors is transferred to the cold air in the heat exchanger (2). In the heat exchanger (2), the temperature of the vapors is lowered so far that the cooled vapors (<40 ° C) can be transferred to a biological purification stage in order to further reduce the odors. The water content and the odor loading of the vapor stream is considerably reduced when cooled below 40 ° C.
Zur weiteren Minimierung der nicht gesundheitsschädlichen Geruchsstoffe und Ausnutzung des Energieinhaltes ist auch eine Vermischung des Brüdenstromes durch den für die Wärmeübertragung erforderlichen Luftstrom vor dem Saatvorwärmer denkbar.To further minimize the non-harmful odors and exploitation of the energy content and a mixing of the vapor stream by the required for the heat transfer air flow before the Saatvorwärmer is conceivable.
Im Wärmetauscher (3) wird die Energie des warmen Pflanzenöles zur Erwärmung eines Teilstromes der Luft genutzt. Die Luftströme aus dem Wärmetauscher (3) und dem Wärmetauscher (2) werden zusammengeführt und dem Wärmetauscher (5) zugeleitet.In the heat exchanger (3), the energy of the warm vegetable oil is used to heat a partial stream of the air. The air streams from the heat exchanger (3) and the heat exchanger (2) are merged and fed to the heat exchanger (5).
Der bei der Druckabsenkung des Kondensats entstehende Dampf hat das höchste Temperaturniveau und wird für die Beheizung der im Wärmetauscher (2, 3) vorgewärmten Luftteilströme im Wärmetauscher (5) eingesetzt.The resulting at the pressure reduction of the condensate steam has the highest temperature level and is used for heating the in the heat exchanger (2, 3) preheated partial air streams in the heat exchanger (5).
Hinter dem Wärmetauscher (5) wird der Luftstrom mit der erwärmten Kühlluft aus dem Kuchenkühler (11) zusammengeführt und mit dem Ventilator (6) in den Vorwärmer (10) geleitet.Behind the heat exchanger (5), the air flow with the heated cooling air from the cake cooler (11) is brought together and passed with the fan (6) in the preheater (10).
Mit dem Ventilator (1) werden die Druckverluste der Ausrüstungen ausgeglichen und die nichtkondensierbaren Anteile aus der Brüdenkondensation an die Umwelt abgegeben.With the fan (1), the pressure losses of the equipment are compensated and the non-condensable fractions from the vapor condensation discharged to the environment.
An der Einspeisung (7) werden die Energieströme aus der Aspiration weiterer Ausrüstungen, wie z. B. Kuchenkonditionierer oder Schneckenpressen, und der Förderelemente (hier nicht dargestellt), eingeleitet.At the feed (7) the energy flows from the aspiration of other equipment, such. As cake conditioner or screw presses, and the conveying elements (not shown here) initiated.
Am Ausgang (8) wird überschüssige Luft aus dem Prozess ausgeschleust. Die am Ausgang (8) ausgeschleuste Luft ist aufgrund des Kontaktes mit der Saat zu 100% mit Feuchtigkeit gesättigt. Um ein Ausschleusen der Luft mit möglichen Begleitstoffen zu vermeiden und den gleichen Gasstrom wieder zu verwenden, kann durch weitere Unterkühlung die Luft getrocknet werden.At the outlet (8) excess air is discharged from the process. The air discharged at the outlet (8) is 100% saturated with moisture due to contact with the seed. In order to prevent the air from escaping with possible accompanying substances and to reuse the same gas stream, the air can be dried by further subcooling.
Claims (17)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE200710053109 DE102007053109A1 (en) | 2007-11-07 | 2007-11-07 | Process and device for the energy-saving and environmentally friendly processing of oilseeds |
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EP2062963A2 true EP2062963A2 (en) | 2009-05-27 |
EP2062963A3 EP2062963A3 (en) | 2009-08-12 |
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EP08015906A Withdrawn EP2062963A3 (en) | 2007-11-07 | 2008-09-10 | Method and device for processing oilseeds in an energy efficient and environmentally friendly way |
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DE (1) | DE102007053109A1 (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2013023991A1 (en) * | 2011-08-18 | 2013-02-21 | Desmet Ballestra Group N.V. | Oilseed crushing heat recovery process |
US20140357771A1 (en) * | 2011-09-21 | 2014-12-04 | Borealis Ag | Moudling composition |
US20150240184A1 (en) * | 2012-10-17 | 2015-08-27 | Desmet Ballestra Group N.V. | Oil bearing material crushing process |
US20160243783A1 (en) * | 2015-02-19 | 2016-08-25 | Desmet Ballestra Engineering N.V./S.A. | Vegetable oil extraction improvement |
EP3356501A4 (en) * | 2015-10-02 | 2019-04-03 | Crown Iron Works Company | Heat recovery for seed conditioner and cooker operation |
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US4785726A (en) | 1985-07-15 | 1988-11-22 | Mcdonnell Douglas Corporation | Oilseed conditioning system |
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US3392455A (en) * | 1965-11-16 | 1968-07-16 | Blaw Knox Co | Variable pressure solvent stripping system |
NL7511125A (en) * | 1975-09-19 | 1977-03-22 | Stork Amsterdam | METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR THE EXCHANGE OF OILS FROM OILY RAW MATERIALS. |
SU1019192A1 (en) * | 1981-09-04 | 1983-05-23 | Одесский технологический институт пищевой промышленности им.М.В.Ломоносова | Sunflower seed drying method |
SU1139950A2 (en) * | 1983-11-24 | 1985-02-15 | Одесский технологический институт пищевой промышленности им.М.В.Ломоносова | Recirculating drier for sunflower seeds |
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DE102005027722A1 (en) * | 2005-06-14 | 2006-12-21 | Harburg-Freudenberger Maschinenbau Gmbh | Device for pressing off liquid |
DE202006009016U1 (en) * | 2006-06-08 | 2006-08-10 | Karl Strähle GmbH & Co. KG | Oil extracting unit, useful for extracting vegetable oil from oil-containing plant parts, especially from oil seeds, comprises a press setup to press plant parts, an oil collector that is equipped with a circulating machine and a filter |
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US4785726A (en) | 1985-07-15 | 1988-11-22 | Mcdonnell Douglas Corporation | Oilseed conditioning system |
Cited By (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2013023991A1 (en) * | 2011-08-18 | 2013-02-21 | Desmet Ballestra Group N.V. | Oilseed crushing heat recovery process |
GB2507928A (en) * | 2011-08-18 | 2014-05-14 | Desmet Ballestra Group N V | Oilseed crushing heat recovery process |
US20140186504A1 (en) * | 2011-08-18 | 2014-07-03 | Vincent Van den Schrieck | Oilseed crushing heat recovery system |
GB2507928B (en) * | 2011-08-18 | 2020-02-19 | Desmet Ballestra Group N V | Oilseed crushing heat recovery process |
US8951593B2 (en) * | 2011-08-18 | 2015-02-10 | N.V. Desmet Ballestra Engineering S.A. | Oilseed crushing heat recovery process |
US9290649B2 (en) * | 2011-09-21 | 2016-03-22 | Borealis Ag | Moudling composition |
US20140357771A1 (en) * | 2011-09-21 | 2014-12-04 | Borealis Ag | Moudling composition |
US20150240184A1 (en) * | 2012-10-17 | 2015-08-27 | Desmet Ballestra Group N.V. | Oil bearing material crushing process |
US9371503B2 (en) * | 2012-10-17 | 2016-06-21 | N.V. Desmet Ballestra Engineering S.A. | Oil bearing material crushing process |
DE112013005028B4 (en) * | 2012-10-17 | 2020-12-10 | N. V. Desmet Ballestra Engineering S. A. | Improved crushing process for soybeans |
US20160243783A1 (en) * | 2015-02-19 | 2016-08-25 | Desmet Ballestra Engineering N.V./S.A. | Vegetable oil extraction improvement |
US10647077B2 (en) | 2015-02-19 | 2020-05-12 | Desmet Ballestra Engineering N.V./S.A. | Vegetable oil extraction improvement |
GB2535501B (en) * | 2015-02-19 | 2020-10-28 | Desmet Ballestra Eng N V /S A | Vegetable oil extraction improvement |
EP3356501A4 (en) * | 2015-10-02 | 2019-04-03 | Crown Iron Works Company | Heat recovery for seed conditioner and cooker operation |
Also Published As
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EP2062963A3 (en) | 2009-08-12 |
DE102007053109A1 (en) | 2009-05-14 |
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