EP2049428A1 - Escalator - Google Patents
EscalatorInfo
- Publication number
- EP2049428A1 EP2049428A1 EP07786388A EP07786388A EP2049428A1 EP 2049428 A1 EP2049428 A1 EP 2049428A1 EP 07786388 A EP07786388 A EP 07786388A EP 07786388 A EP07786388 A EP 07786388A EP 2049428 A1 EP2049428 A1 EP 2049428A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- sprocket
- chain
- escalator
- lever arm
- escalator according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010038743 Restlessness Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B23/00—Component parts of escalators or moving walkways
- B66B23/02—Driving gear
- B66B23/022—Driving gear with polygon effect reduction means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B23/00—Component parts of escalators or moving walkways
- B66B23/02—Driving gear
- B66B23/026—Driving gear with a drive or carrying sprocket wheel located at end portions
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an escalator according to the preamble of claim 1 or the preamble of claim 2.
- escalator should include both escalators with stairs, as they are used for example in department stores, as well as moving walks with pallets, such as those used at airports.
- a link chain G and a partially wrapped by this sprocket R are schematically shown to define some terms in advance.
- the joint chain G comprises hingedly interconnected chain links K, which are connected via a pivot point P hinged together.
- the exemplified sprocket K has 8 teeth Z, between which tooth spaces are arranged, in which the pivot points P can engage.
- the pitch angle ⁇ between two teeth or two tooth gaps is 45 ° in the example shown.
- an inlet angle ⁇ is located, which can be caused for example by a joint chain G deflecting guide.
- the lead-in angle ⁇ is measured between the actual output direction of the link chain G and the perpendicular S on the connecting line between the detachment point A of the link chain G from the sprocket R and the rotational axis D of the sprocket R.
- the entry angle ⁇ is about 1 1 ° in the example shown.
- an instantaneous wrap angle ⁇ is shown, which corresponds to the circumferential angle between two detachment points A of the link chain G of the sprocket R and is equal to 180 ° in the illustrated case.
- a mean wrap angle ⁇ is assumed that is greater than or equal to the minimum wrap angle and less than or equal to the maximum wrap angle.
- an effective lever arm H eff is located on the upper side of the sprocket R, which corresponds to the vertical distance between the line of action W of the force, in particular tensile force of the link chain G and the axis of rotation D of the sprocket R.
- the effective lever arm H e ff also fluctuates during movement of the articulated chain due to the articulated detachment of the articulated chain, in particular due to the polygonal (polygonal support) of the chain around the chain wheel.
- the effective lever arm He f f ' is slightly smaller, because due to the slightly tilted line of action W of the force of the link chain G, the effective lever arm H eff ' no longer passes through the separation point A.
- conveyor chains which are designed as so-called step chains or pallet chains, driven and also attached to these.
- the conveyor chains have three or four divisions, including three or four joints, per level.
- the sprockets used have about 16 to 25 teeth. This relatively high number is chosen to minimize the so-called polygon effect.
- the polygon effect is caused by the fluctuating effective lever arm H eff (see Fig. 1).
- Sprockets are usually driven at a constant angular velocity. Due to fluctuating effective lever arms, the speed of the step chains fluctuates, as a result of constant acceleration and deceleration of the moving masses (chains, axes, steps), mass forces are generated which are introduced as disturbing forces or torques in the step / pallet chains or in the drive and partially there lead shortened life or represent an order of magnitude, which must be considered in the design of the particular drive components.
- the moving parts in an escalator together with the surrounding steel structure represent a vibratory spring-mass system.
- this spring-mass system can have very unfavorable operating points as a function of the number of teeth of the sprockets, the driving speed and the load.
- step / pallet chain there are the high costs for the step / pallet chain. The more divisions it has, the more joints per step or per meter, the higher their costs. In addition, there are then per stage / pallet a larger number of bodies that are subject to wear. Over the operating period of the escalator, keeping the maximum permissible gap between the steps / pallets as long as possible is a very important criterion.
- An escalator of the type mentioned above is known from the European patent application EP 1 344 740 A1.
- the escalator described therein has a polygon compensated driven over the upper strand sprocket around which partially runs a joint chain.
- the sprocket has an odd number of teeth. Due to the odd number of teeth of Untertrum runs not polygonkompensiert, but on the contrary extremely non-uniform. Since the bottom strand Also, with masses such as the masses of chains, rollers, axles and steps or pallets, this non-uniformity gives rise to forces transmitted to the steps or pallets in the upper run.
- Such an escalator may run comparatively quiet in the heavily laden state due to the large quotient between the mass in the upper strand to the mass in the lower strand. In the unloaded or only a few persons occupied condition, she will also run in the upper strand very restless.
- the problem underlying the present invention is to provide a device of the type mentioned, which runs comparatively quiet even with a relatively small number of teeth of the at least one sprocket.
- the effective lever arm of the chain on the at least one sprocket in the upper run is substantially equal to the effective lever arm of the chain on the at least one sprocket in the lower run.
- this causes not only the upper run to run at a constant speed, but also the lower run.
- step or pallet chains of significantly increased pitch namely, for example, chain pitching half step division or chain pitch equal step spacing to use and / or reduce the required space.
- the first sprocket and the second sprocket are offset from one another operated such that at minimum effective lever arm on the first sprocket in the same strand the effective lever arm on the second sprocket is not minimal, preferably at most ⁇ 20% of the difference between maximum and minimum value deviates from the maximum value, in particular maximum.
- the angular position of the first sprocket may be different from that of the second sprocket by at least ⁇ 30%, preferably by at least ⁇ 40% of a pitch angle, in particular by half a pitch angle. Due to this antiphase of the two sprockets, a reciprocating motion of the second sprocket formed, for example, as a deflection wheel is reduced.
- the escalator comprises at least one guide which can influence the entry angle of the chain to the first and / or the second sprocket, wherein the at least one guide is arranged such that the entry angle is smaller than the minimum effective lever arm at maximum effective lever arm.
- Fig. 1 shows schematically a sprocket and a link chain for clarity of terms used
- Figure 2 is a schematic side view of an escalator according to the invention with a Umlenkkettenrad.
- Figure 3 is a schematic side view of an escalator according to the invention with a deflecting bow instead of Umlenkkettenrades.
- Fig. 4 is a schematic enlarged view of several for the function of the escalator according to FIG. 2 essential components.
- the escalator shown in FIG. 2 comprises a chain 1 designed as a link chain, which revolves around a first, driven sprocket 2 and a second sprocket 3 serving as a deflecting wheel.
- Each of the sprockets 2, 3 has six, only schematically indicated teeth.
- With the chain 1, the non-illustrated steps or pallets of the escalator are connected.
- Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 only a circumferential handrail 4 is indicated, which can be used by a user during the movement of the escalator.
- the chain 1 forms an upper strand 5 between the sprockets 2, 3 at the top in each case in FIG. 2 to FIG. 4 and a sub-tower 6 at the bottom in each case in FIGS. 2 to 4.
- the first sprocket 2 is polygon für sar of a drive motor 7 via a drive chain 8 or Polygon compensated driven. This can be achieved for example in the illustrated embodiment by engaging in the drive chain 8, non-circular wheel 9. Further possibilities of a polygon-compensated drive are known from WO 03/036129 A1, which is explicitly made part of the present disclosure.
- the polygonal-compensated drive allows the first sprocket 2 to be driven at a non-constant angular velocity in such a way that the driven chain 1 runs at a constant or almost constant speed.
- the handrail 4 is driven by the drive motor 7, the handrail 4 is driven at a constant angular velocity.
- the second sprocket 3 is slidably supported by means of a movable attachment 10.
- a radial line 12 extending through one of the support points 11 of the chain 1 with the horizontal 13 in FIG. 4 on the first sprocket 2 encloses an angle ⁇ which is approximately equal to 60 °.
- a radial line 15 running through the corresponding bearing point 14 of the chain 1 with the horizontal 13 in FIG. 4 on the second sprocket 3 encloses an angle ⁇ which is approximately equal to 30 °.
- the angular positions of the sprockets 2, 3 thus differ by 30 °, which corresponds to half a pitch angle of the six teeth having sprockets 2, 3, because the pitch angle is equal to 360 ° by the number of teeth.
- Fig. 4 From Fig. 4 are guides 18, 19 can be seen, which can specify the entry angle ⁇ i, (J) 2 of the chain 1 on the sprockets.
- the guide 18 so far down in Fig. 4 and the guide 19 as far above in Fig. 4 arranged that the entry angle ⁇ i at minimum effective lever arm 16, 16 '(see first sprocket 2 in Fig. 4) is significantly smaller than the entry angle ⁇ 2 at maximum effective lever arm 17, 17 '(see second sprocket 3 in Fig. 4).
- a deflecting bend 20 is provided.
- the radius is chosen so that even at the deflection arc 20 of the effective lever arm (not shown) in the upper run 5 is equal to the effective lever arm in the lower strand 6.
- the guides 18, 19 guide the chain 1 into the deflection arc in such a way that the entry angle is significantly smaller with minimal effective lever arm than the entry angle with maximum effective lever arm.
- the circulation arc 20, the first sprocket 2 and the chain 1 can be designed and arranged such that if and only if acting on the first sprocket 2, the chain 1 with a minimum effective lever arm 16, 16 ', the chain 1 engages the deflecting bow 20 with a maximum effective lever arm, and vice versa.
- the number of teeth of the sprockets 2, 3 used is straight. This applies to the case that the wrap angle of the chain 1 is about 180 °, which is the normal case for escalators / moving walks. It is crucial that the effective lever arm on the side of the upper run is always substantially identical to the effective lever arm on the side of the lower run. This causes, when designed on the upper strand polygon compensation that not only the upper strand runs at a constant speed but also the lower strand (in the case of odd number of teeth at 180 ° wrap the bottom strand would run with about twice as high unevenness as a conventional, so not polygonkompensierter drive ).
- the wrap angle can also be performed deviating from 180 ° under the condition that the effective lever arms are identical in the upper and lower run. This means that the number of teeth and the wrap angle must then be adjusted for this case. In compliance with this condition, uniform chain speeds are set in the upper and in the lower run, which are necessary for the smooth running of the escalator / moving walk.
- the sprockets 2, 3 run at non-constant angular velocity and this effect with a smaller number of teeth is greater, it must be noted that they are as light as possible, so running with little moment of inertia, so that the forces exerted by you on the chains / stages / pallets disturbing forces are possible low. In particular, at the farther from the fulcrum point points to ensure weight optimization and, where appropriate, appropriate relief recesses or the like are provided.
- the division can be very large, namely 1/1 or der A the step / pallet pitch and the number of teeth very small, namely up to 6 or 4, can here so large linear movement of the second , as sprocket serving sprocket 3 and the deflector 20 come about that this is a disturbing for the smoothness of the escalator / moving walk component. It arise from this large linear movement of the Umlenkstation disturbing mass forces and it can also cause disturbing noises. Particularly unfavorable is the constellation when drive and Umlenkkettenrad have the same angular position (measured for example by the angle ⁇ or ß a sprocket corner relative to the horizontal).
- first and the second sprocket 2, 3 should preferably have the same number of teeth. Deviations from the same number of teeth in the range ⁇ 30% are tolerable.
- the leadership of the chains is important.
- the in one embodiment of the escalator according to the invention used guides 18, 19 cause a running in of the chain 1 on the sprockets 2, 3 just above the minimum effective lever arm. Furthermore, they are optionally curved at their ends, which causes the chains 1 is given a speed component in the radial direction shortly before hitting the sprockets 2, 3 or after their expiration of the sprockets 2, 3 on the guides.
- the impact component of the chain link points in the tooth gaps of the sprockets or on the guides 18, 19 is thus significantly reduced, resulting in much lower noise and more favorable running properties.
- Chain guides which cause a tangential entry of the chains on the sprockets and thus reduce inlet noise (chain - sprocket), can not be used in an escalator according to the invention, because at the realized there low numbers of sprockets and the resulting angle ratios, the burden on the Rollers are much too large or the rollers for these loads would be dimensioned, which would make this much more expensive.
- the guides would result in a large oscillating movement of the deflection station with corresponding disadvantages as already mentioned above.
- the correct height of the guide 18, 19 between minimum and maximum effective lever arm in the vicinity of the minimum lever arm causes the oscillating movement of the deflection station to become almost zero when the machine is running, which has absolutely positive effects on the smooth running.
- the rollers are loaded only very slightly in this arrangement of the guides. So you can use relatively inexpensive rollers.
- the optimal height of the chain guide is determined as follows: The chain links buckle at a certain angle as they leave the guides 18, 19. One can draw there drawing or mentally small right-angled triangles whose hypotenuse is the considered chain link, one of the catheters is formed by the horizontal. Using the trigonometric functions, all dimensions can be calculated.
Landscapes
- Escalators And Moving Walkways (AREA)
- Devices For Conveying Motion By Means Of Endless Flexible Members (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP12162123A EP2471737A1 (en) | 2006-08-02 | 2007-07-27 | escalator |
PL07786388T PL2049428T3 (en) | 2006-08-02 | 2007-07-27 | Escalator |
EP12162122A EP2471736A1 (en) | 2006-08-02 | 2007-07-27 | escalator |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102006036353A DE102006036353A1 (en) | 2006-08-02 | 2006-08-02 | Escalator, has steps driven by chain conveyor, which is driven by driving wheel, where driving wheel is driven in polygon-offset manner to drive driving wheel with non-constant angular speed and conveyor is operated with constant speed |
DE102007034628 | 2007-07-23 | ||
PCT/EP2007/006676 WO2008014938A1 (en) | 2006-08-02 | 2007-07-27 | Escalator |
Related Child Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP12162122.1 Division-Into | 2012-03-29 | ||
EP12162123.9 Division-Into | 2012-03-29 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2049428A1 true EP2049428A1 (en) | 2009-04-22 |
EP2049428B1 EP2049428B1 (en) | 2013-01-09 |
Family
ID=38996898
Family Applications (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP12162123A Withdrawn EP2471737A1 (en) | 2006-08-02 | 2007-07-27 | escalator |
EP07786388A Not-in-force EP2049428B1 (en) | 2006-08-02 | 2007-07-27 | Escalator |
EP12162122A Withdrawn EP2471736A1 (en) | 2006-08-02 | 2007-07-27 | escalator |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP12162123A Withdrawn EP2471737A1 (en) | 2006-08-02 | 2007-07-27 | escalator |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP12162122A Withdrawn EP2471736A1 (en) | 2006-08-02 | 2007-07-27 | escalator |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (3) | US8286778B2 (en) |
EP (3) | EP2471737A1 (en) |
JP (3) | JP5461182B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN102249141B (en) |
ES (1) | ES2402824T3 (en) |
PL (1) | PL2049428T3 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2412896C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2008014938A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (16)
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FI20090265A (en) * | 2009-07-03 | 2011-01-04 | Kone Corp | Passenger conveyor and method |
US9365392B2 (en) | 2011-01-19 | 2016-06-14 | Smart Lifts, Llc | System having multiple cabs in an elevator shaft and control method thereof |
US8430210B2 (en) | 2011-01-19 | 2013-04-30 | Smart Lifts, Llc | System having multiple cabs in an elevator shaft |
US8925689B2 (en) | 2011-01-19 | 2015-01-06 | Smart Lifts, Llc | System having a plurality of elevator cabs and counterweights that move independently in different sections of a hoistway |
KR101565465B1 (en) * | 2011-05-23 | 2015-11-04 | 오티스 엘리베이터 컴파니 | Polygon compensation coupling for chain and sprocket driven systems |
WO2013092238A1 (en) | 2011-12-22 | 2013-06-27 | Ketten-Wulf Betriebs-Gmbh | Traction mechanism drive |
TWI612241B (en) * | 2012-12-07 | 2018-01-21 | 伊文修股份有限公司 | Escalator with a step belt, and moving walkway with a plate belt |
DE102013103323A1 (en) | 2013-04-03 | 2014-10-23 | Ketten-Wulf Betriebs-Gmbh | traction drive |
DE102014103045A1 (en) | 2014-03-07 | 2015-09-10 | Ketten-Wulf Betriebs-Gmbh | Ride, especially roller coaster |
SG11201609464PA (en) * | 2014-05-28 | 2016-12-29 | Inventio Ag | Link chain of a moving walkway or an escalator |
EP3227221A1 (en) | 2014-12-02 | 2017-10-11 | Otis Elevator Company | Drive chain and drive chain mechanism and conveyor comprising such a drive chain mechanism |
CN104843424A (en) * | 2015-05-20 | 2015-08-19 | 江苏比微曼智能科技有限公司 | Workpiece fitting mechanism and chain type conveying mechanism used for same |
EP3243788B1 (en) | 2016-05-10 | 2020-03-04 | Otis Elevator Company | Passenger conveyor |
CN105730711B (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2017-11-24 | 亳州沃野知识产权服务有限公司 | A kind of aircraft automatic elevator |
JP6382425B1 (en) * | 2017-10-13 | 2018-08-29 | 三菱重工機械システム株式会社 | Vertical circulation parking device and method for remodeling the same |
CN112499450B (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2022-12-06 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | System and method for monitoring stability of main drive motor of escalator |
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US1956714A (en) | 1932-07-29 | 1934-05-01 | Otis Elevator Co | Mechanical transmission system |
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USRE27439E (en) * | 1970-09-25 | 1972-07-18 | Inclined moving walkway arrangement | |
US3677388A (en) * | 1970-11-23 | 1972-07-18 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Modular drive unit for a conveyor |
US3734263A (en) * | 1971-07-02 | 1973-05-22 | A Dirks | Revolvable station for processing a movable procession of factory-work pieces such as animal carcasses |
US4082173A (en) * | 1976-06-10 | 1978-04-04 | Otis Elevator Company | Drive unit for an endless conveyor |
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JPH03297792A (en) * | 1990-04-18 | 1991-12-27 | Hitachi Ltd | Power transmission device, sprocket used for the device, and passenger conveyor |
DE19849235B4 (en) | 1998-10-26 | 2004-12-02 | Jungheinrich Ag | Device for actuating and controlling an electric steering motor system |
EP1174382B1 (en) * | 1999-04-15 | 2004-12-01 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Conveyor device |
JP2002114472A (en) * | 2000-10-04 | 2002-04-16 | Hitachi Ltd | Passenger conveyor and driving device |
JP4683704B2 (en) * | 2000-10-23 | 2011-05-18 | 東芝エレベータ株式会社 | Passenger conveyor equipment |
US7296671B2 (en) * | 2000-12-21 | 2007-11-20 | Kone Corporation | Drive system for escalators or moving walkways |
DE10063844B4 (en) * | 2000-12-21 | 2004-07-22 | Kone Corp. | Drive system for escalators and moving walks |
WO2002088015A1 (en) * | 2001-04-27 | 2002-11-07 | Kone Corporation | Method and device for reducing the polygon effects in an area of deviation in passenger conveyor systems |
DE10138462B4 (en) * | 2001-08-04 | 2004-09-30 | Kone Corp. | Method for guiding link chains in the area of deflection devices of a passenger conveyor system |
ATE465356T1 (en) | 2001-10-26 | 2010-05-15 | Ketten Wulf Betriebs Gmbh | JOINT CHAIN DRIVE, AND METHOD FOR DRIVING THE DRIVE SPROCKET OF A JOINT CHAIN |
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DE20204029U1 (en) | 2002-03-13 | 2002-05-29 | Thyssen Fahrtreppen GmbH, 22113 Hamburg | Escalator or moving walk |
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DE10218374A1 (en) * | 2002-04-25 | 2003-11-13 | Kone Corp | Drive system for escalators and moving walkways comprises a drive motor, a drive chain, deviating elements, and a device for changing the speed of the drive chain and its components in the vicinity of the deviating elements |
JP4458770B2 (en) * | 2002-11-25 | 2010-04-28 | 東芝エレベータ株式会社 | Conveyor device |
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JP4304136B2 (en) | 2004-03-23 | 2009-07-29 | 東芝エレベータ株式会社 | Conveyor device |
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JP5176223B2 (en) * | 2006-07-04 | 2013-04-03 | インベンテイオ・アクテイエンゲゼルシヤフト | Driving system for passenger transport equipment |
JP5126880B2 (en) * | 2006-08-31 | 2013-01-23 | 東芝エレベータ株式会社 | Conveyor device |
-
2007
- 2007-07-27 JP JP2009522151A patent/JP5461182B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-07-27 EP EP12162123A patent/EP2471737A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-07-27 US US12/376,018 patent/US8286778B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-07-27 EP EP07786388A patent/EP2049428B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2007-07-27 EP EP12162122A patent/EP2471736A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-07-27 CN CN2011101550486A patent/CN102249141B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-07-27 PL PL07786388T patent/PL2049428T3/en unknown
- 2007-07-27 WO PCT/EP2007/006676 patent/WO2008014938A1/en active Application Filing
- 2007-07-27 ES ES07786388T patent/ES2402824T3/en active Active
- 2007-07-27 RU RU2009107222/11A patent/RU2412896C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2011
- 2011-05-26 US US13/116,070 patent/US8292058B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-05-26 US US13/116,075 patent/US8292059B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2012
- 2012-10-24 JP JP2012234934A patent/JP2013063854A/en active Pending
-
2015
- 2015-10-16 JP JP2015205097A patent/JP5996757B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2008014938A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US8286778B2 (en) | 2012-10-16 |
US20090308712A1 (en) | 2009-12-17 |
JP2009545501A (en) | 2009-12-24 |
RU2412896C2 (en) | 2011-02-27 |
WO2008014938A8 (en) | 2008-03-20 |
EP2471737A1 (en) | 2012-07-04 |
EP2049428B1 (en) | 2013-01-09 |
JP5461182B2 (en) | 2014-04-02 |
US20110220456A1 (en) | 2011-09-15 |
ES2402824T3 (en) | 2013-05-09 |
EP2471736A1 (en) | 2012-07-04 |
PL2049428T3 (en) | 2013-06-28 |
JP2013063854A (en) | 2013-04-11 |
US8292059B2 (en) | 2012-10-23 |
JP5996757B2 (en) | 2016-09-21 |
JP2016027993A (en) | 2016-02-25 |
CN102249141B (en) | 2013-03-27 |
RU2009107222A (en) | 2010-09-10 |
US20110220457A1 (en) | 2011-09-15 |
WO2008014938A1 (en) | 2008-02-07 |
CN102249141A (en) | 2011-11-23 |
US8292058B2 (en) | 2012-10-23 |
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