EP2012971B1 - Method for regenerating casks or the like and device for the implementation thereof - Google Patents

Method for regenerating casks or the like and device for the implementation thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2012971B1
EP2012971B1 EP07731941A EP07731941A EP2012971B1 EP 2012971 B1 EP2012971 B1 EP 2012971B1 EP 07731941 A EP07731941 A EP 07731941A EP 07731941 A EP07731941 A EP 07731941A EP 2012971 B1 EP2012971 B1 EP 2012971B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
regenerating
lance
abrasive
wooden
wooden cask
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EP07731941A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2012971A1 (en
Inventor
Dominique Brunateau
Jean-Luc Dutel
Alain Trillaud
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Barena SARL
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Barena SARL
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C3/00—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants
    • B24C3/32—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants designed for abrasive blasting of particular work, e.g. the internal surfaces of cylinder blocks
    • B24C3/325—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants designed for abrasive blasting of particular work, e.g. the internal surfaces of cylinder blocks for internal surfaces, e.g. of tubes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of regeneration of wooden barrels.
  • the wine is usually raised in wooden barrels, particularly in French oak.
  • a drum is a wooden container, which can also be called barrel, barrel, ...
  • the interior of the staves forming the barrel is altered on the surface and to a depth of a few millimeters (of the order of 0.5 to 2 millimeters) by microorganisms and by an accumulation of organic and / or inorganic deposits such as dyestuffs, colloids, scale, sulphates or others.
  • the accumulation of deposits closes the pores of the wood, leading to a reduction or even a total suppression of gaseous exchanges between the wine and the outside of the barrel to obtain a controlled oxidation, and totally or partially prevents the wood from liberating various substances in the wine. that it contains, for example aromas or tannins.
  • Microorganisms that are harmful to the organoleptic qualities of wine include various molds, "Acetobacterā€ bacteria and Brettanomyces yeasts.
  • a first category of techniques relies on chemical processes aimed at dissolving organic and mineral deposits and destroying micro-organisms. However, these processes can adversely affect the natural production image of the wine or, in the worst case, the organoleptic qualities of the wine.
  • Another technique is to repack the barrels by opening them, by planing the interior to find a new wood and submit them to a new heater. This solution which makes it possible to find a drum in the new state is generally relatively expensive because it requires a new heating.
  • the present invention aims to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art by providing a method for regenerating the barrels to eliminate microorganisms and find the original features of the wooden drum.
  • a method of regeneration of sheet metal drums by sanding is disclosed in the document DE968508C .
  • Shot peening of hollow workpieces is described in FR2114569 .
  • WO98-58632 describes the removal of biological deposit in pipes and the document WO2005-039788 deals with the cleaning of wooden barrels while FR2854094 includes the removal of degraded layers from the inside of wooden drums by mechanical tools.
  • the subject of the invention is a method of regenerating a wooden drum, in particular used for raising wine, characterized in that it consists in projecting an abrasive against at least a part of the inner surface. drum, and preferably the entire surface, to remove the area of wood altered by deposits and microorganisms.
  • this shaft is made from staves assembled and rimmed with each end a bottom.
  • a drum is a wooden container, which can also be called barrel, barrel, ...
  • the inner surface 12 of the barrel is heated to allow the wood to communicate certain aromas to the wine.
  • the inside of the barrel is affected by the heating to a depth of the order of a few millimeters (of the order of 5 millimeters), materialized by hatching and referenced 14 on the figure 1 .
  • the inside of the barrel is altered on the surface and to a depth of a few millimeters by micro-organisms and by mineral or organic deposits materialized by the zone 16 on the figure 2 .
  • the method of the invention is to project an abrasive against at least a portion of the inner surface of the barrel, and preferably the entire surface.
  • the method makes it possible to obtain a "scrub" of the inner surface of the barrel to a depth of the order of 0.5 to 3 mm, preferably of 0.5 to 1 mm, in order to remove the zone 16 of wood altered by various deposits.
  • the residues of the treatment (abrasives, deposits, micro-organisms, ...) are evacuated by gravity and rinsing with cold water.
  • a clean and partially decontaminated wood is ready to receive the complementary phases of disinfection, either successively a saturated steam treatment above 100 Ā° C and a sulphurous gas treatment under pressure. Steam and sulfur dioxide application times, pressures, steam temperature, and SO 2 dose will be determined after a specific study.
  • the process does not require a new heater since the removal of material is well below the depth affected by the heating.
  • the complementary phases of disinfection make it possible to treat the barrel between the staves and to obtain a treatment with a high temperature to a depth of about 1 cm thanks in particular to the injection of a sulphurous gas under pressure.
  • the abrasive is a mineral abrasive, natural, preferably purified.
  • the abrasive has a particle size of about 400 to 2000 microns, and preferably between 600 and 1500 microns.
  • the abrasive is propelled with water and / or air with a pressure of the order of 5 to 15 bars, with a percentage of abrasives of the order of 15 to 40%.
  • the abrasive is projected against the inner surface of the barrel by means of a lance 18 introduced via the bung hole 20 of the barrel.
  • the lance 18 capable of projecting at least one beam 22 of abrasives is set in motion by a motorization so as to translate and pivot on itself so that said at least one beam 22 reaches all the parts of the body. inner surface of the barrel.
  • the barrel is arranged in such a way that the staves are substantially horizontal with the bung hole 20 disposed at the level of the horizontal median plane, and the lance 10 is translated horizontally, passing via the bung hole, according to a direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the shaft (axis parallel to the staves), materialized by the axis 24 which is also the axis of the lance 18. Simultaneously, the lance 18 pivots on itself along its axis 24 of displacement .
  • the lance 18 can emit abrasive bundles with different degrees of inclination with respect to the axis 24 of the lance.
  • the beam 22 may have a mean orientation in the extension of the axis 24 of the lance, as shown in FIG. figure 9 at substantially 90 Ā° to said axis 24, as illustrated in FIG. figure 10 , or at approximately 45 Ā° to said axis as illustrated in the Figures 8A and 8B .
  • the latter comprises at its end a nozzle 26.
  • this nozzle may have a rectilinear conduit to obtain a beam in the extension of the axis 24.
  • the nozzle 26 may comprise a duct 28 capable of being connected at one end to the duct of the lance 18 and at the other end to at least one duct opening 30, and preferably two diametrically opposite, substantially perpendicular to the duct 28 of in order to obtain at least one beam substantially at 90 Ā° with respect to the axis 24 of the lance.
  • the nozzle 26 may comprise a duct 32 capable of being connected at one end to the duct of the lance 18 and at the other end to at least one duct opening 34, and preferably two in the same median plane, of axis substantially at 135 Ā° to that of the duct 32 so as to obtain at least one beam substantially at 45 Ā° with respect to the axis 24 of the lance.
  • the lance 18 is in the form of a rectilinear tube with at one end connection means 36 to a supply duct 38 in fluid and abrasives under pressure and at a second end of the means. for connecting to a nozzle 26.
  • the connection means 36 allow relative rotation between the lance 18 and the supply duct.
  • the connection between the lance and the nozzle is obtained by means of a ring or sleeve 40 integral with the nozzle that can be screwed onto an external thread formed at the end of the lance 18.
  • the three nozzles mentioned above are used so as to treat all the zones of the inner surface of the drum.
  • a nozzle with a beam in the extension of the axis is used to treat the area of the inner surface diametrically opposite the bung hole.
  • the barrel undergoes a pass with a nozzle with beams oriented at 90 Ā° and another passes with a nozzle with beams oriented at 45 Ā°, the order of passage of the nozzles at 45 Ā° and 90 Ā° may vary .
  • the barrel can be subjected to a pass with a nozzle at 45 Ā° or 90 Ā°, two passes with a nozzle at 45 Ā° and / or a nozzle at 90 Ā°, or multiple passes.
  • the projection of abrasives can be carried out only on the outward or return journey.
  • different translation speeds can be provided depending on the projection or not of abrasives. Thus, if the lance projects abrasive on the go a slow speed can be provided while a fast speed can be expected if the abrasive is not projected back.
  • a device for implementing the method according to the invention includes a frame 42 with two beams 44 substantially parallel along which can translate a cross or carriage 46. Stoppers 48 disposed on one of the beams allow to adjust the stroke of the carriage 46.
  • Teflon rollers 50 are provided to allow the translation movement of the carriage relative to the beams.
  • the translation of the carriage is provided by a geared motor 52 comprising a pinion capable of meshing on a rack attached to one of the beams.
  • a geared motor 52 comprising a pinion capable of meshing on a rack attached to one of the beams.
  • other technical solutions could be envisaged to ensure the translation movement of the carriage on the beam or beams.
  • the carriage 46 supports at least one lance 18, and according to the example illustrated on the figure 5 , two spears 18.
  • the carriage 46 for each lance, the carriage 46 comprises a bearing surface 54 with a pivoting sleeve 56 in which a lance 18 may be immobilized. At least one actuator 58 is provided to rotate the sleeve or sleeves 56. The lance 18 is immobilized relative to the sleeve 56 by any appropriate means, in particular by virtue of at least one pressure screw. According to the variants, to adjust the positioning of the lance relative to the carriage, the sleeve 56 can be made in two parts which slide one inside the other. However, other technical solutions can be envisaged to ensure the connection between the carriage and each lance.
  • the device also comprises control means 60 for controlling and adjusting the movements of the various moving elements as well as the supply of abrasives and fluid.
  • the drums can be attached to a frame 62, hereinafter referred to as a drum support, comprising rollers mounted in pairs to support the drums and to allow them to pivot.
  • a support can support one or more drums.
  • This type of support makes it possible to empty the dry abrasive by gravity via the bung hole 20.
  • a washing unit is generally provided for injecting into the barrel via the bung hole of the water under low pressure. with a large flow rate to evacuate the remaining abrasive.
  • drum support To collect the drums, it is possible to use a drum support.
  • the casks to be treated are placed on this support in the cellar. Subsequently, the support is placed in a trailer to route it to the treatment center. During all the treatment and the return to the cellar, the barrels are preserved on this support. This process makes it possible to limit the handling of drums and the risk of falling.
  • the treatment plant may comprise at least one unit for carrying out the complementary disinfection phases, namely means for injecting into the drum saturated water vapor at more than 100 Ā° C. for a period of one hour. determined time and means for injecting a sulphurous gas under pressure for a determined time.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
  • Cleaning In General (AREA)
  • Debarking, Splitting, And Disintegration Of Timber (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The object of the invention is a method for regenerating a wooden cask or the like, used in particular for maturing wine, characterized in that it comprises projecting an abrasive material against at least one part of the inner surface of the cask, and preferably the whole surface so as to remove the area of wood spoiled by deposits and micro-organisms.

Description

La prƩsente invention se rapporte Ơ un procƩdƩ de rƩgƩnƩration de fƻts en bois.The present invention relates to a method of regeneration of wooden barrels.

L'Ć©levage du vin s'effectue gĆ©nĆ©ralement en fĆ»ts de bois, particuliĆØrement en chĆŖne franƧais.The wine is usually raised in wooden barrels, particularly in French oak.

Pour la suite de la description, on entend par fĆ»t un contenant en bois, qui peut ĆŖtre appelĆ© Ć©galement tonneau, barrique,...For the rest of the description, a drum is a wooden container, which can also be called barrel, barrel, ...

AprĆØs avoir contenu un ou plusieurs vins, l'intĆ©rieur des douelles formant le fĆ»t est altĆ©rĆ© en surface et sur une profondeur de quelques millimĆØtres (de l'ordre de 0,5 Ć  2 millimĆØtres) par des micro-organismes et par une accumulation de dĆ©pĆ“ts organiques et/ou minĆ©raux tels que les matiĆØres colorantes, les colloĆÆdes, les tartres, les sulfates ou autres.After having contained one or more wines, the interior of the staves forming the barrel is altered on the surface and to a depth of a few millimeters (of the order of 0.5 to 2 millimeters) by microorganisms and by an accumulation of organic and / or inorganic deposits such as dyestuffs, colloids, scale, sulphates or others.

L'accumulation de dĆ©pĆ“ts bouche les pores du bois, entraĆ®nant une rĆ©duction voire une suppression totale des Ć©changes gazeux entre le vin et l'extĆ©rieur du fĆ»t pour obtenir une oxydation mĆ©nagĆ©e, et empĆŖche totalement ou partiellement le bois de libĆ©rer dans le vin diffĆ©rentes substances qu'il contient, par exemple les arĆ“mes ou les tanins.The accumulation of deposits closes the pores of the wood, leading to a reduction or even a total suppression of gaseous exchanges between the wine and the outside of the barrel to obtain a controlled oxidation, and totally or partially prevents the wood from liberating various substances in the wine. that it contains, for example aromas or tannins.

Les micro-organismes nuisibles aux qualitĆ©s organoleptiques du vin comprennent notamment diverses moisissures, des bactĆ©ries Ā« acĆ©tobacter Ā» ainsi que des levures Brettanomyces.Microorganisms that are harmful to the organoleptic qualities of wine include various molds, "Acetobacter" bacteria and Brettanomyces yeasts.

Pour nettoyer l'intĆ©rieur des fĆ»ts, une premiĆØre solution consiste Ć  effectuer un lavage avec de l'eau chaude. Cette solution Ć©conomique est trĆØs insuffisante pour redonner au fĆ»t ses fonctionnalitĆ©s initiales et/ou pour dĆ©truire les micro-organismes.To clean the inside of drums, a first solution is to wash with hot water. This economical solution is very insufficient for return the drum to its original functionality and / or destroy the microorganisms.

Une solution plus radicale consiste Ć  n'utiliser que des fĆ»ts neufs. Toutefois, cette solution est trĆØs onĆ©reuse. De plus, la majoritĆ© des vins n'ont pas la force, la structure et la charpente adĆ©quates pour supporter l'aromatisation provenant d'un bois neuf.A more radical solution is to use only new drums. However, this solution is very expensive. In addition, most wines lack the strength, structure and structure to support the aromatization of new wood.

Pour pouvoir rƩutiliser des fƻts usagƩs, diffƩrentes techniques ont alors ƩtƩ dƩveloppƩes.In order to reuse used drums, various techniques were then developed.

Une premiĆØre catĆ©gorie de techniques repose sur des procĆ©dĆ©s chimiques visant Ć  dissoudre les dĆ©pĆ“ts organiques et minĆ©raux et Ć  dĆ©truire les micro-organismes. Toutefois, ces procĆ©dĆ©s peuvent nuire Ć  l'image de production naturelle du vin voire, dans le pire des cas, aux qualitĆ©s organoleptiques du vin. Une autre technique consiste Ć  reconditionner les fĆ»ts en les ouvrant, en rabotant l'intĆ©rieur afin de retrouver un bois neuf et Ć  les soumettre Ć  une nouvelle chauffe. Cette solution qui permet de retrouver un fĆ»t Ć  l'Ć©tat neuf est gĆ©nĆ©ralement relativement onĆ©reuse car elle nĆ©cessite une nouvelle chauffe. Aussi, la prĆ©sente invention vise Ć  pallier aux inconvĆ©nients de l'art antĆ©rieur en proposant un procĆ©dĆ© permettant de rĆ©gĆ©nĆ©rer les fĆ»ts afin d'Ć©liminer les micro-organismes et de retrouver les fonctionnalitĆ©s initiales du fĆ»t en bois.A first category of techniques relies on chemical processes aimed at dissolving organic and mineral deposits and destroying micro-organisms. However, these processes can adversely affect the natural production image of the wine or, in the worst case, the organoleptic qualities of the wine. Another technique is to repack the barrels by opening them, by planing the interior to find a new wood and submit them to a new heater. This solution which makes it possible to find a drum in the new state is generally relatively expensive because it requires a new heating. Also, the present invention aims to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art by providing a method for regenerating the barrels to eliminate microorganisms and find the original features of the wooden drum.

Un procƩdƩ de rƩgƩnƩration de fƻts en tƓle par sablage est divulguƩ dans le document DE968508C .A method of regeneration of sheet metal drums by sanding is disclosed in the document DE968508C .

Le grenaillage de piĆØces de travail creuses, comme par exemple de moules de lingots, est dĆ©crit dans FR2114569 .Shot peening of hollow workpieces, such as for example ingot molds, is described in FR2114569 .

WO98-58632 dĆ©crit l'enlĆØvement de dĆ©pĆ“t biologiques dans des tuyaux et le document WO2005-039788 porte sur le nettoyage de fĆ»ts en bois alors que FR2854094 comprend l'enlĆØvement de couches dĆ©gradĆ©es de l'intĆ©rieur de fĆ»ts en bois par outils mĆ©caniques. WO98-58632 describes the removal of biological deposit in pipes and the document WO2005-039788 deals with the cleaning of wooden barrels while FR2854094 includes the removal of degraded layers from the inside of wooden drums by mechanical tools.

A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet un procƩdƩ de rƩgƩnƩration d'un fƻt en bois, notamment utilisƩ pour l'Ʃlevage du vin, caractƩrisƩ en ce qu'il consiste Ơ projeter un abrasif contre au moins une partie de la surface intƩrieure du fƻt, et de prƩfƩrence toute la surface, afin de retirer la zone de bois altƩrƩe par les dƩpƓts et les micro-organismes.For this purpose, the subject of the invention is a method of regenerating a wooden drum, in particular used for raising wine, characterized in that it consists in projecting an abrasive against at least a part of the inner surface. drum, and preferably the entire surface, to remove the area of wood altered by deposits and microorganisms.

D'autres caractƩristiques et avantages ressortiront de la description qui va suivre de l'invention, description donnƩe Ơ titre d'exemple uniquement, en regard des dessins annexƩs sur lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une coupe d'une partie d'une douelle d'un fĆ»t neuf,
  • la figure 2 est une coupe d'une partie d'une douelle d'un fĆ»t aprĆØs l'Ć©levage d'un ou plusieurs vins,
  • la figure 3 est une coupe d'une partie d'une douelle d'un fĆ»t aprĆØs avoir Ć©tĆ© traitĆ©e par le procĆ©dĆ© selon l'invention,
  • la figure 4 est une vue en Ć©lĆ©vation latĆ©rale d'un dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procĆ©dĆ© selon l'invention,
  • la figure 5 est une coupe selon la ligne V-V du dispositif illustrĆ© sur la figure 4,
  • la figure 6 est une coupe d'une buse pour la projection d'Ć©lĆ©ments abrasifs,
  • la figure 7 est une coupe d'une autre buse,
  • les figures 8A et 8B sont des coupes illustrant une lance pour la projection d'Ć©lĆ©ments abrasifs avec une premiĆØre buse dans diffĆ©rentes positions,
  • la figure 9 est une coupe illustrant une lance pour la projection d'Ć©lĆ©ments abrasifs avec une deuxiĆØme buse,
  • la figure 10 est une coupe illustrant une lance pour la projection d'Ć©lĆ©ments abrasifs avec une troisiĆØme buse.
Other features and advantages will become apparent from the following description of the invention, a description given by way of example only, with reference to the appended drawings in which:
  • the figure 1 is a section of a part of a stave of a new barrel,
  • the figure 2 is a cut of a part of a stave of a barrel after the raising of one or more wines,
  • the figure 3 is a section of a part of a stave of a keg after having been treated by the method according to the invention,
  • the figure 4 is a side elevational view of a device for carrying out the method according to the invention,
  • the figure 5 is a section along the line VV of the device illustrated on the figure 4 ,
  • the figure 6 is a section of a nozzle for the projection of abrasive elements,
  • the figure 7 is a section of another nozzle,
  • the Figures 8A and 8B are sections illustrating a lance for the projection of abrasive elements with a first nozzle in different positions,
  • the figure 9 is a section illustrating a lance for the projection of abrasive elements with a second nozzle,
  • the figure 10 is a section illustrating a lance for the projection of abrasive elements with a third nozzle.

Sur les diffĆ©rentes figures, on a reprĆ©sentĆ© en 10 un fĆ»t en bois, notamment en chĆŖne, pour l'Ć©levage du vin. De maniĆØre connue, ce fĆ»t est rĆ©alisĆ© Ć  partir de douelles assemblĆ©es et cerclĆ©es avec Ć  chaque extrĆ©mitĆ© un fond.In the various figures, there is shown in 10 a wooden barrel, especially oak, for raising wine. In known manner, this shaft is made from staves assembled and rimmed with each end a bottom.

Pour la suite de la description, on entend par fĆ»t un contenant en bois, qui peut ĆŖtre appelĆ© Ć©galement tonneau, barrique,...For the rest of the description, a drum is a wooden container, which can also be called barrel, barrel, ...

Comme illustrĆ© sur la figure 1, la surface intĆ©rieure 12 du fĆ»t est chauffĆ©e afin de permettre au bois de communiquer certains arĆ“mes au vin. L'intĆ©rieur du fĆ»t est affectĆ© par la chauffe sur une profondeur de l'ordre de quelques millimĆØtres (de l'ordre de 5 millimĆØtres), matĆ©rialisĆ©e par des hachures et rĆ©fĆ©rencĆ©e 14 sur la figure 1.As illustrated on the figure 1 , the inner surface 12 of the barrel is heated to allow the wood to communicate certain aromas to the wine. The inside of the barrel is affected by the heating to a depth of the order of a few millimeters (of the order of 5 millimeters), materialized by hatching and referenced 14 on the figure 1 .

AprĆØs avoir contenu un ou plusieurs vins, l'intĆ©rieur du fĆ»t est altĆ©rĆ© en surface et sur une profondeur de quelques millimĆØtres par des micro-organismes et par des dĆ©pĆ“ts minĆ©raux ou organiques matĆ©rialisĆ©s par la zone 16 sur la figure 2. Pour rĆ©gĆ©nĆ©rer un fĆ»t, le procĆ©dĆ© de l'invention consiste Ć  projeter un abrasif contre au moins une partie de la surface intĆ©rieure du fĆ»t, et de prĆ©fĆ©rence toute la surface.After having contained one or more wines, the inside of the barrel is altered on the surface and to a depth of a few millimeters by micro-organisms and by mineral or organic deposits materialized by the zone 16 on the figure 2 . To regenerate a barrel, the method of the invention is to project an abrasive against at least a portion of the inner surface of the barrel, and preferably the entire surface.

Comme illustrĆ© sur la figure 3, le procĆ©dĆ© permet d'obtenir un Ā« gommage Ā» de la surface intĆ©rieure du fĆ»t sur une profondeur de l'ordre de 0,5 Ć  3 mm, de prĆ©fĆ©rence de 0,5 Ć  1 mm, afin de retirer la zone 16 de bois altĆ©rĆ©e par les dĆ©pĆ“ts divers. Les rĆ©sidus du traitement (abrasifs, dĆ©pĆ“ts, micro-organismes,...) sont Ć©vacuĆ©s par gravitĆ© et rinƧage Ć  l'eau froide.As illustrated on the figure 3 , the method makes it possible to obtain a "scrub" of the inner surface of the barrel to a depth of the order of 0.5 to 3 mm, preferably of 0.5 to 1 mm, in order to remove the zone 16 of wood altered by various deposits. The residues of the treatment (abrasives, deposits, micro-organisms, ...) are evacuated by gravity and rinsing with cold water.

AprĆØs Ć©gouttage, un bois propre et partiellement dĆ©contaminĆ© est prĆŖt Ć  recevoir les phases complĆ©mentaires de dĆ©sinfection, soit successivement un traitement Ć  la vapeur saturĆ©e au dessus de 100Ā°C et un traitement au gaz sulfureux sous pression. Les temps d'application de la vapeur et du gaz sulfureux, les pressions, la tempĆ©rature de la vapeur et la dose de SO2 seront dĆ©finis aprĆØs une Ć©tude spĆ©cifique.After draining, a clean and partially decontaminated wood is ready to receive the complementary phases of disinfection, either successively a saturated steam treatment above 100 Ā° C and a sulphurous gas treatment under pressure. Steam and sulfur dioxide application times, pressures, steam temperature, and SO 2 dose will be determined after a specific study.

Le procĆ©dĆ© ne nĆ©cessite pas une nouvelle chauffe dans la mesure oĆ¹ le retrait de matiĆØre est nettement en deƧƠ de la profondeur affectĆ©e par la chauffe.The process does not require a new heater since the removal of material is well below the depth affected by the heating.

Le procƩdƩ de l'invention permet :

  • le rĆ©tablissement de la porositĆ© initiale du bois et donc un retour de l'oxydation mĆ©nagĆ©e, sensiblement comparable Ć  celle d'un fĆ»t neuf,
  • une asepsie quasi-totale par l'Ć©limination des micro-organismes, l'infime partie restante (moins de 5%) Ć©tant dĆ©sactivĆ©e par les phases complĆ©mentaires de dĆ©sinfection,
  • le rĆ©tablissement de la diffusion de molĆ©cules aromatiques prĆ©sentes dans le bois.
The method of the invention allows:
  • the restoration of the initial porosity of the wood and thus a return of the controlled oxidation, substantially comparable to that of a new barrel,
  • almost complete asepsis by the elimination of micro-organisms, the tiny part remaining (less than 5%) being deactivated by the complementary phases of disinfection,
  • the restoration of the diffusion of aromatic molecules present in the wood.

Le procĆ©dĆ© permet d'attĆ©nuer ce phĆ©nomĆØne de diffusion de molĆ©cules aromatiques comparĆ© Ć  un fĆ»t en bois neuf ce qui s'avĆØre gĆ©nĆ©ralement bĆ©nĆ©fique Ć  la majoritĆ© des vins.The process makes it possible to attenuate this diffusion phenomenon of aromatic molecules compared to a new wooden cask, which is generally beneficial to the majority of wines.

Le fait de rĆ©tablir la porositĆ© grĆ¢ce Ć  l'abrasif lors de la phase de Ā« gommage Ā» permet de renforcer l'effet des phases complĆ©mentaires de dĆ©sinfection qui sans la phase de Ā« gommage Ā» auraient un effet limitĆ©. Ainsi, il existe une synergie entre la phase de Ā« gommage Ā» et les phases complĆ©mentaires de dĆ©sinfection.The fact of restoring the porosity thanks to the abrasive during the "scrubbing" phase makes it possible to reinforce the effect of the complementary phases of disinfection which without the "scrubbing" phase would have a limited effect. Thus, there is a synergy between the phase of "scrub" and the complementary phases of disinfection.

Selon l'invention, les phases complĆ©mentaires de dĆ©sinfection permettent de traiter le fĆ»t entre les douelles et d'obtenir un traitement avec une tempĆ©rature Ć©levĆ©e sur une profondeur de l'ordre de 1 cm grĆ¢ce notamment Ć  l'injection d'un gaz sulfureux sous pression.According to the invention, the complementary phases of disinfection make it possible to treat the barrel between the staves and to obtain a treatment with a high temperature to a depth of about 1 cm thanks in particular to the injection of a sulphurous gas under pressure.

Par ailleurs, le bois n'ayant pas naturellement la mĆŖme duretĆ© au niveau de la surface intĆ©rieure, ladite surface est bosselĆ©e aprĆØs le traitement selon l'invention ce qui permet d'accroĆ®tre la surface de contact entre le vin et le bois. Selon une autre caractĆ©ristique de l'invention, l'abrasif est un abrasif minĆ©ral, naturel, de prĆ©fĆ©rence Ć©purĆ©. Avantageusement, l'abrasif a une granulomĆ©trie de l'ordre de 400 Ć  2000 Āµm, et de prĆ©fĆ©rence comprise entre 600 et 1500 Āµm. Selon une autre caractĆ©ristique de l'invention, l'abrasif est propulsĆ© avec de l'eau et/ou de l'air avec une pression de l'ordre de 5 Ć  15 bars, avec un pourcentage d'abrasifs de l'ordre de 15 Ć  40%.Moreover, since the wood does not naturally have the same hardness at the inner surface, the said surface is embossed after the treatment according to the invention, which makes it possible to increase the contact area between the wine and the wood. According to another characteristic of the invention, the abrasive is a mineral abrasive, natural, preferably purified. Advantageously, the abrasive has a particle size of about 400 to 2000 microns, and preferably between 600 and 1500 microns. According to another characteristic of the invention, the abrasive is propelled with water and / or air with a pressure of the order of 5 to 15 bars, with a percentage of abrasives of the order of 15 to 40%.

Selon une autre caractĆ©ristique de l'invention, l'abrasif est projetĆ© contre la surface intĆ©rieure du fĆ»t grĆ¢ce Ć  une lance 18 introduite via le trou 20 de bonde du fĆ»t. Avantageusement, la lance 18 susceptible de projeter au moins un faisceau 22 d'abrasifs est mise en mouvement grĆ¢ce Ć  une motorisation de maniĆØre Ć  se translater et Ć  pivoter sur elle-mĆŖme afin que ledit au moins un faisceau 22 atteigne toutes les parties de la surface intĆ©rieure du fĆ»t.According to another characteristic of the invention, the abrasive is projected against the inner surface of the barrel by means of a lance 18 introduced via the bung hole 20 of the barrel. Advantageously, the lance 18 capable of projecting at least one beam 22 of abrasives is set in motion by a motorization so as to translate and pivot on itself so that said at least one beam 22 reaches all the parts of the body. inner surface of the barrel.

Selon un mode opĆ©ratoire, le fĆ»t est disposĆ© de telle maniĆØre que les douelles soient sensiblement horizontales avec le trou de bonde 20 disposĆ© au niveau du plan mĆ©dian horizontal, et la lance 10 se translate horizontalement, en passant via le trou de bonde, selon une direction sensiblement perpendiculaire Ć  l'axe longitudinal du fĆ»t ( axe parallĆØle aux douelles), matĆ©rialisĆ©e par l'axe 24 qui est Ć©galement l'axe de la lance 18. SimultanĆ©ment, la lance 18 pivote sur elle-mĆŖme selon son axe 24 de dĆ©placement.According to a procedure, the barrel is arranged in such a way that the staves are substantially horizontal with the bung hole 20 disposed at the level of the horizontal median plane, and the lance 10 is translated horizontally, passing via the bung hole, according to a direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the shaft (axis parallel to the staves), materialized by the axis 24 which is also the axis of the lance 18. Simultaneously, the lance 18 pivots on itself along its axis 24 of displacement .

Selon les variantes, la lance 18 peut Ć©mettre des faisceaux d'abrasifs avec diffĆ©rents degrĆ©s d'inclinaison par rapport Ć  l'axe 24 de la lance. Ainsi, le faisceau 22 peut avoir une orientation moyenne dans le prolongement de l'axe 24 de la lance, comme illustrĆ© sur la figure 9, Ć  sensiblement 90Ā° par rapport audit axe 24, comme illustrĆ© sur la figure 10, ou Ć  sensiblement 45Ā° par rapport audit axe comme illustrĆ© sur les figures 8A et 8B.According to the variants, the lance 18 can emit abrasive bundles with different degrees of inclination with respect to the axis 24 of the lance. Thus, the beam 22 may have a mean orientation in the extension of the axis 24 of the lance, as shown in FIG. figure 9 at substantially 90 Ā° to said axis 24, as illustrated in FIG. figure 10 , or at approximately 45 Ā° to said axis as illustrated in the Figures 8A and 8B .

Afin d'orienter le ou les faisceaux 22 Ć©mis par la lance, cette derniĆØre comprend Ć  son extrĆ©mitĆ© une buse 26. Selon les cas, cette buse peut avoir un conduit rectiligne pour obtenir un faisceau dans le prolongement de l'axe 24.In order to orient the beam or beams 22 emitted by the lance, the latter comprises at its end a nozzle 26. Depending on the case, this nozzle may have a rectilinear conduit to obtain a beam in the extension of the axis 24.

Comme illustrĆ© sur la figure 6, la buse 26 peut comprendre un conduit 28 susceptible d'ĆŖtre reliĆ© Ć  une extrĆ©mitĆ© au conduit de la lance 18 et Ć  l'autre extrĆ©mitĆ© Ć  au moins un conduit dĆ©bouchant 30, et de prĆ©fĆ©rence deux diamĆ©tralement opposĆ©s, sensiblement perpendiculaire au conduit 28 de maniĆØre Ć  obtenir au moins un faisceau sensiblement Ć  90Ā° par rapport Ć  l'axe 24 de la lance.As illustrated on the figure 6 the nozzle 26 may comprise a duct 28 capable of being connected at one end to the duct of the lance 18 and at the other end to at least one duct opening 30, and preferably two diametrically opposite, substantially perpendicular to the duct 28 of in order to obtain at least one beam substantially at 90 Ā° with respect to the axis 24 of the lance.

Comme illustrĆ© sur la figure 7, la buse 26 peut comprendre un conduit 32 susceptible d'ĆŖtre reliĆ© Ć  une extrĆ©mitĆ© au conduit de la lance 18 et Ć  l'autre extrĆ©mitĆ© Ć  au moins un conduit dĆ©bouchant 34, et de prĆ©fĆ©rence deux dans le mĆŖme plan mĆ©dian, d'axe sensiblement Ć  135Ā° par rapport Ć  celui du conduit 32 de maniĆØre Ć  obtenir au moins un faisceau sensiblement Ć  45Ā° par rapport Ć  l'axe 24 de la lance.As illustrated on the figure 7 the nozzle 26 may comprise a duct 32 capable of being connected at one end to the duct of the lance 18 and at the other end to at least one duct opening 34, and preferably two in the same median plane, of axis substantially at 135 Ā° to that of the duct 32 so as to obtain at least one beam substantially at 45 Ā° with respect to the axis 24 of the lance.

Selon un mode de rĆ©alisation, la lance 18 se prĆ©sente sous la forme d'un tube rectiligne avec Ć  une premiĆØre extrĆ©mitĆ© des moyens de connexion 36 Ć  un conduit d'alimentation 38 en fluide et en abrasifs sous pression et Ć  une seconde extrĆ©mitĆ© des moyens de connexion Ć  une buse 26. De prĆ©fĆ©rence, les moyens de connexion 36 autorisent une rotation relative entre la lance 18 et le conduit d'alimentation. Selon un mode de rĆ©alisation, la connexion entre la lance et la buse est obtenue grĆ¢ce Ć  une bague ou manchon 40 solidaire de la buse susceptible de se visser sur un filetage extĆ©rieur rĆ©alisĆ© Ć  l'extrĆ©mitĆ© de la lance 18.According to one embodiment, the lance 18 is in the form of a rectilinear tube with at one end connection means 36 to a supply duct 38 in fluid and abrasives under pressure and at a second end of the means. for connecting to a nozzle 26. Preferably, the connection means 36 allow relative rotation between the lance 18 and the supply duct. According to one embodiment, the connection between the lance and the nozzle is obtained by means of a ring or sleeve 40 integral with the nozzle that can be screwed onto an external thread formed at the end of the lance 18.

Selon un mode opĆ©ratoire, pour un fĆ»t, on utilise les trois buses mentionnĆ©es si dessus de maniĆØre Ć  bien traiter toutes les zones de la surface intĆ©rieure du fĆ»t. Ainsi, on utilise une buse avec un faisceau dans le prolongement de l'axe pour traiter la zone de la surface intĆ©rieure diamĆ©tralement opposĆ©e au trou 20 de bonde. En variante, on pourrait ne pas utiliser de buse et projeter l'abrasif via l'extrĆ©mitĆ© de la lance.According to one procedure, for a drum, the three nozzles mentioned above are used so as to treat all the zones of the inner surface of the drum. Thus, a nozzle with a beam in the extension of the axis is used to treat the area of the inner surface diametrically opposite the bung hole. Alternatively, one could not use a nozzle and throw the abrasive via the end of the lance.

Par la suite, le fĆ»t subit une passe avec une buse avec des faisceaux orientĆ©s Ć  90Ā° et une autre passe avec une buse avec des faisceaux orientĆ©s Ć  45Ā°, l'ordre de passage des buses Ć  45Ā° et Ć  90Ā° pouvant varier.Subsequently, the barrel undergoes a pass with a nozzle with beams oriented at 90 Ā° and another passes with a nozzle with beams oriented at 45 Ā°, the order of passage of the nozzles at 45 Ā° and 90 Ā° may vary .

Selon les cas, le fĆ»t peut ĆŖtre soumis Ć  une passe avec une buse Ć  45Ā° ou Ć  90Ā°, Ć  deux passes avec une buse Ć  45Ā° et/ou une buse Ć  90Ā°, ou Ć  plusieurs passes.Depending on the case, the barrel can be subjected to a pass with a nozzle at 45 Ā° or 90 Ā°, two passes with a nozzle at 45 Ā° and / or a nozzle at 90 Ā°, or multiple passes.

Par passe, on entend une translation aller/retour. Selon les variantes, la projection d'abrasifs peut s'effectuer uniquement Ć  l'aller ou Ć  l'aller et au retour. De plus, des vitesses de translation diffĆ©rentes peuvent ĆŖtre prĆ©vues en fonction de la projection ou non d'abrasifs. Ainsi, si la lance projette de l'abrasif Ć  l'aller une vitesse lente peut ĆŖtre prĆ©vue alors qu'une vitesse rapide peut ĆŖtre prĆ©vue si l'abrasif n'est pas projetĆ© au retour.By pass, we mean a translation back and forth. According to the variants, the projection of abrasives can be carried out only on the outward or return journey. In addition, different translation speeds can be provided depending on the projection or not of abrasives. Thus, if the lance projects abrasive on the go a slow speed can be provided while a fast speed can be expected if the abrasive is not projected back.

Sur les figures 4 et 5, on a reprĆ©sentĆ© un dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procĆ©dĆ© selon l'invention. Il comprend un bĆ¢ti 42 avec deux poutres 44 sensiblement parallĆØles le long desquelles peut se translater une traverse ou chariot 46. Des butĆ©es 48 disposĆ©es sur l'une des poutres permettent d'ajuster la course du chariot 46.On the Figures 4 and 5 there is shown a device for implementing the method according to the invention. It includes a frame 42 with two beams 44 substantially parallel along which can translate a cross or carriage 46. Stoppers 48 disposed on one of the beams allow to adjust the stroke of the carriage 46.

Sur la figure 5, le chariot 46 est reprƩsentƩ en dƩtails sans capot.On the figure 5 , the carriage 46 is shown in detail without cover.

Des galets 50 en tĆ©flon sont prĆ©vus pour permettre le mouvement de translation du chariot par rapport aux poutres. La translation du chariot est assurĆ©e grĆ¢ce Ć  un motorĆ©ducteur 52 comportant un pignon susceptible d'engrener sur une crĆ©maillĆØre rapportĆ©e sur l'une des poutres. Toutefois, d'autres solutions techniques pourraient ĆŖtre envisagĆ©es pour assurer le mouvement de translation du chariot sur la ou les poutres.Teflon rollers 50 are provided to allow the translation movement of the carriage relative to the beams. The translation of the carriage is provided by a geared motor 52 comprising a pinion capable of meshing on a rack attached to one of the beams. However, other technical solutions could be envisaged to ensure the translation movement of the carriage on the beam or beams.

Le chariot 46 supporte au moins une lance 18, et selon l'exemple illustrƩ sur la figure 5, deux lances 18.The carriage 46 supports at least one lance 18, and according to the example illustrated on the figure 5 , two spears 18.

Selon un mode de rĆ©alisation, pour chaque lance, le chariot 46 comprend une portĆ©e 54 avec un manchon 56 pivotant dans lequel est susceptible d'ĆŖtre immobilisĆ©e une lance 18. Au moins une motorisation 58 est prĆ©vue pour assurer la rotation du ou des manchons 56. La lance 18 est immobilisĆ©e par rapport au manchon 56 par tous moyens appropriĆ©s, notamment grĆ¢ce Ć  au moins une vis de pression. Selon les variantes, pour ajuster le positionnement de la lance par rapport au chariot, le manchon 56 peut ĆŖtre rĆ©alisĆ© en deux parties qui coulissent l'une dans l'autre. Toutefois, d'autres solutions techniques peuvent ĆŖtre envisagĆ©es pour assurer la liaison entre le chariot et chaque lance.According to one embodiment, for each lance, the carriage 46 comprises a bearing surface 54 with a pivoting sleeve 56 in which a lance 18 may be immobilized. At least one actuator 58 is provided to rotate the sleeve or sleeves 56. The lance 18 is immobilized relative to the sleeve 56 by any appropriate means, in particular by virtue of at least one pressure screw. According to the variants, to adjust the positioning of the lance relative to the carriage, the sleeve 56 can be made in two parts which slide one inside the other. However, other technical solutions can be envisaged to ensure the connection between the carriage and each lance.

Le dispositif comprend Ʃgalement des moyens de commande 60 permettant de contrƓler et de rƩgler les mouvements des diffƩrents ƩlƩments mobiles ainsi que l'alimentation en abrasifs et fluide.The device also comprises control means 60 for controlling and adjusting the movements of the various moving elements as well as the supply of abrasives and fluid.

Comme illustrĆ© sur la figure 4, les fĆ»ts peuvent ĆŖtre rapportĆ©s sur un chĆ¢ssis 62, appelĆ© par la suite support de fĆ»ts, comportant des galets montĆ©s par paires pour supporter les fĆ»ts et pour leur permettre de pivoter. Un support peut supporter un ou plusieurs fĆ»ts.As illustrated on the figure 4 the drums can be attached to a frame 62, hereinafter referred to as a drum support, comprising rollers mounted in pairs to support the drums and to allow them to pivot. A support can support one or more drums.

Ce type de support permet de vider l'abrasif Ơ sec par gravitƩ via le trou de bonde 20. Ensuite, une unitƩ de lavage est gƩnƩralement prƩvue pour permettre d'injecter dans le fƻt via le trou de bonde de l'eau sous basse pression avec un important dƩbit afin d'Ʃvacuer l'abrasif restant.This type of support makes it possible to empty the dry abrasive by gravity via the bung hole 20. Next, a washing unit is generally provided for injecting into the barrel via the bung hole of the water under low pressure. with a large flow rate to evacuate the remaining abrasive.

Pour collecter les fƻts, on peut utiliser un support de fƻts. Ainsi, les fƻts Ơ traiter sont placƩs sur ce support dans le chai. Par la suite, le support est placƩ dans une remorque afin de l'acheminer vers le centre de traitement. Durant tout le traitement et le retour au chai, les fƻts sont conservƩs sur ce support. Ce procƩdƩ permet de limiter les manipulations de fƻts et les risques de chute.To collect the drums, it is possible to use a drum support. Thus, the casks to be treated are placed on this support in the cellar. Subsequently, the support is placed in a trailer to route it to the treatment center. During all the treatment and the return to the cellar, the barrels are preserved on this support. This process makes it possible to limit the handling of drums and the risk of falling.

En complĆ©ment du dispositif prĆ©cĆ©demment dĆ©crit, l'installation de traitement peut comprendre au moins une unitĆ© pour rĆ©aliser les phases complĆ©mentaires de dĆ©sinfection, Ć  savoir des moyens pour injecter dans le fĆ»t de la vapeur d'eau saturĆ©e Ć  plus de 100Ā°C pendant un temps dĆ©terminĆ© et des moyens pour injecter un gaz sulfureux sous pression pendant un temps dĆ©terminĆ©.In addition to the device previously described, the treatment plant may comprise at least one unit for carrying out the complementary disinfection phases, namely means for injecting into the drum saturated water vapor at more than 100 Ā° C. for a period of one hour. determined time and means for injecting a sulphurous gas under pressure for a determined time.

Claims (6)

  1. Process for regenerating a wooden cask, in particular used for maturing wine, characterized in that it consists in spraying an abrasive against at least a portion of the inside surface of the wooden cask so as to remove the area of the wood that is spoiled by deposits and microorganisms.
  2. Process for regenerating a wooden cask according to claim 1, wherein the abrasive is a mineral, natural or purified abrasive.
  3. Process for regenerating a wooden cask according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the interior of the wooden cask undergoes a treatment with saturated vapor.
  4. Process for regenerating a wooden cask according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the interior of the wooden cask undergoes a treatment with pressurized sulfurous gas.
  5. Process for regenerating a wooden cask according to any of the preceding claims, wherein a hose that is introduced via the bunghole (20) of the wooden cask, which is able to move in a direction that is approximately perpendicular to the axis of the wooden cask and to pivot on itself, is used to spray the abrasive in the form of at least one bundle.
  6. Process for regenerating a wooden cask according to claim 5, wherein it consists in making at least two passes with various bundle orientations.
EP07731941A 2006-04-28 2007-04-25 Method for regenerating casks or the like and device for the implementation thereof Active EP2012971B1 (en)

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FR0651532A FR2900357B1 (en) 2006-04-28 2006-04-28 METHOD FOR REGENERATING FUTS OR THE LIKE AND DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING THE SAME
PCT/FR2007/051168 WO2007125250A1 (en) 2006-04-28 2007-04-25 Method for regenerating casks or the like and device for the implementation thereof

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PT2012971E (en) 2011-04-19
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US20120064805A1 (en) 2012-03-15
AU2007245508A1 (en) 2007-11-08
ATE494989T1 (en) 2011-01-15
ES2364979T3 (en) 2011-09-19
WO2007125250A1 (en) 2007-11-08
FR2900357B1 (en) 2009-03-20
AR060708A1 (en) 2008-07-10
EP2012971A1 (en) 2009-01-14
FR2900357A1 (en) 2007-11-02

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