EP1938430A1 - Spark plug for motor vehicle internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Spark plug for motor vehicle internal combustion engine

Info

Publication number
EP1938430A1
EP1938430A1 EP06831211A EP06831211A EP1938430A1 EP 1938430 A1 EP1938430 A1 EP 1938430A1 EP 06831211 A EP06831211 A EP 06831211A EP 06831211 A EP06831211 A EP 06831211A EP 1938430 A1 EP1938430 A1 EP 1938430A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spark plug
groove
central electrode
combustion engine
internal combustion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP06831211A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1938430B1 (en
Inventor
André AGNERAY
Marc Pariente
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Renault SAS
Original Assignee
Renault SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Renault SAS filed Critical Renault SAS
Publication of EP1938430A1 publication Critical patent/EP1938430A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1938430B1 publication Critical patent/EP1938430B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/46—Sparking plugs having two or more spark gaps
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/50—Sparking plugs having means for ionisation of gap
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/46—Sparking plugs having two or more spark gaps
    • H01T13/467—Sparking plugs having two or more spark gaps in parallel connection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/52—Sparking plugs characterised by a discharge along a surface

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a spark plug for the internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle, of substantially elongated overall shape, comprising:
  • an electrically insulating block called an insulator interposed between the central electrode and the base, of an annular shape and having a ring-shaped coating.
  • Plasma generation spark plugs are high-frequency, multi-spark ignition systems capable of providing spark-ignition engines with the best ignition conditions, while reducing pollutant emissions, especially in lean mixtures. By cons, they are subject to fouling, especially cold.
  • the invention aims to adjust the thermal index of a multi-spark plug so that it behaves like a very hot candle when the engine is still cold and behaves like a warm candle when the engine is hot.
  • the invention aims to increase the skin temperature of the insulation while maintaining its electrically insulating properties.
  • the invention proposes a candle of the type mentioned above, characterized in that the insulation comprises an annular groove.
  • the groove is located at the shoulder.
  • the groove has a rectangular section.
  • the groove has a triangular section.
  • Figure 1 shows a half-sectional view of a multi-spark spark plug known in the state of the art.
  • FIG. 2 represents a half-sectional view of a multi-spark plug according to a first embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 3 represents a half-sectional view of a multi-spark plug according to a second embodiment of the invention. Identical or similar elements are designated by the same reference numerals.
  • a multi-spark spark plug 1 comprises two coaxial plasma generation electrodes.
  • An external electrode called base 2 is intended to be connected to ground. It surrounds an internal electrode called central electrode 3, substantially cylindrical, axis of symmetry D, acting as a high voltage electrode.
  • the materials of the electrodes 2, 3 are chosen from a conductive material such as a nickel alloy.
  • An electrically insulating block, called insulator 4 is placed between the base 2 and the central electrode 3.
  • the base 2 has, on the outer face of its lower part closest to the cylinder head of the internal combustion engine equipped with the spark plug 1 , a form suitable for the introduction, maintenance and tightening of the spark plug 1 on the cylinder head (for example and without limitation, as shown in Figure 1: a thread).
  • the insulation material can be chosen ceramic.
  • the insulator 4 has an annular shoulder concealing the entire outer circular surface 6 of the base 2.
  • the shoulder 5 increases the distance, through the gas mixture, between the central electrode 3 and the base, to avoid the arc creation between the central electrode 3 and the base 2.
  • the shoulder 5 has an annular groove 8.
  • the annular groove 8 has a rectangular section.
  • the annular groove 8 has a triangular section.
  • This groove 8 is dimensioned in such a way that the groove - AT -
  • the groove 8 has two parameters: its height h and its depth p.
  • the height h makes it possible to add a source of heat inside the insulator 4.
  • the height h varies according to the collection surface of the heat, which makes it possible to modify the distribution of the heat flows entering the insulation. .
  • the depth p of the groove 8 allows us to adjust the thermal resistance of the system. Indeed, changes in longitudinal thermal conductivity (along the axis D) make it possible to vary the temperature gradients in the axial direction and therefore the temperature distributions.
  • the shape of the groove 8 is illustrated in Figures 2 and 3 but the invention is not limiting, other forms may be chosen so as to increase the skin temperature of the insulation.
  • the groove 8 creates a constriction in the insulator 4 and thus reduces its longitudinal thermal conductivity. In addition, the groove 8 increases the apparent surface of the insulator 4 for a smaller volume. This surface is entirely exposed to the flame produced by the candle, which leads to a greater thermal flux from the flame to the insulation 4 and therefore a greater heating of the insulation 4. The groove 8 does not prevent the deposit of soot but it allows to increase the temperature of the insulator and cleaning by pyrolysis of soot.

Landscapes

  • Spark Plugs (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)

Abstract

A spark plug for a motor vehicle internal combustion engine, substantially elongated in shape, and including: two coaxial electrodes of an inner central electrode and an outer base electrode enclosing the central electrode; and an electrically insulating annular block, interposed between the central electrode and the base electrode and including an annular shoulder. The insulating annual block includes an annular groove located at the shoulder.

Description

BOUGIE D'ALLUMAGE POUR LE MOTEUR A COMBUSTION INTERNE D'UN VEHICULE AUTOMOBILE IGNITION CANDLE FOR THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE OF A MOTOR VEHICLE
L'invention concerne une bougie d'allumage pour le moteur à combustion interne d'un véhicule automobile, de forme générale sensiblement allongée, comportant :The invention relates to a spark plug for the internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle, of substantially elongated overall shape, comprising:
- deux électrodes coaxiales : u ne électrode i nterne d'axe appelée électrode centrale et u ne électrode externe appelée cu lot entourant l'électrode centraletwo coaxial electrodes: an internal electrode with an axis called a central electrode and an external electrode called cu lot surrounding the central electrode.
- un bloc isolant électriquement, appelé isolant interposé entre l'électrode centrale et le culot, de forme an nu lai re et possédant un épau lement annulaire.an electrically insulating block, called an insulator interposed between the central electrode and the base, of an annular shape and having a ring-shaped coating.
Les bougies à générations de plasma constituent des systèmes d'allumage multi-étincelles à haute fréquence, capables d'assurer dans les meilleures conditions l'allumage des moteurs à allumage commandé, tout en réduisant les émissions polluantes, notamment en mélange pauvre. Par contre, elles sont sujettes à l'encrassement, notamment à froid.Plasma generation spark plugs are high-frequency, multi-spark ignition systems capable of providing spark-ignition engines with the best ignition conditions, while reducing pollutant emissions, especially in lean mixtures. By cons, they are subject to fouling, especially cold.
Comme toutes les bougies, elles sont caractérisées par un indice thermique. Cet indice thermique prend en compte leur comportement thermique sur des points de fonctionnement moteur particuliers. Il traduit notamment leur capacité à supporter des températures suffisamment élevées pour éliminer l'encrassement par pyrolyse, sans faire de « pré-allumage ».Like all candles, they are characterized by a thermal index. This thermal index takes into account their thermal behavior on particular engine operating points. It reflects in particular their ability to withstand temperatures high enough to eliminate fouling by pyrolysis, without doing "pre-ignition".
Par les publications FR2859830, FR2859869, FR2859831 , on connaît une bougie multi-étincelles dite froide, car elle ne monte pas suffisamment vite en température pour éviter l'encrassement. Sur de telles bougies, on a constaté en effet l'accumulation d'un dépôt de carbone sur l'isolant, qui réduit significativement l'isolation nécessaire entre la pointe de l'électrode centrale et le culot. Avec une mauvaise isolation, l'alimentation haute tension de la bougie risque alors d'être insuffisante, pour pouvoir provoquer les nécessaires « claquages », déclencheurs d'étincelles. Pour éviter la formation de dépôts carbonés, notamment à froid, sur l'isolant de la bougie exposé à l'atmosphère de la chambre de combustion, on peut chercher à augmenter la température de l'isolant, de manière à favoriser la destruction des dépôts par le phénomène de pyrolyse, dont l'efficacité dépend de la résistance thermique de l'ensemble de la bougie, y compris celle de l'isolant.By publications FR2859830, FR2859869, FR2859831, a so-called cold spark plug is known because it does not rise quickly enough to avoid fouling. On such candles, there is indeed the accumulation of a carbon deposit on the insulator, which significantly reduces the necessary insulation between the tip of the central electrode and the base. With poor insulation, the high voltage supply of the candle may then be insufficient, to be able to cause the necessary "breakdowns", spark triggers. To avoid the formation of carbonaceous deposits, especially cold, on the insulator of the candle exposed to the atmosphere of the combustion chamber, we can seek to increase the temperature of the insulator, so as to promote the destruction of deposits by the phenomenon of pyrolysis, the effectiveness of which depends on the thermal resistance of the whole of the candle, including that of the insulation.
Les mesures prises habituellement pour augmenter la température de l'isolant trouvent leur limite dans l'apparition de « préallumage » sur les bougies, lorsqu'elles atteignent des températures trop élevées en fonctionnement.The measures usually taken to increase the temperature of the insulation find their limit in the appearance of "preignition" on the candles, when they reach temperatures too high in operation.
Afin de pallier ces inconvénients, l'invention vise à régler l'indice thermique d'une bougie multi-étincelles de façon à ce qu'elle se comporte comme une bougie très chaude lorsque le moteur est encore froid et qu'elle se comporte comme une bougie tiède lorsque le moteur est chaud.In order to overcome these drawbacks, the invention aims to adjust the thermal index of a multi-spark plug so that it behaves like a very hot candle when the engine is still cold and behaves like a warm candle when the engine is hot.
L'invention vise à augmenter la température de peau de l'isolant tout en conservant ses propriétés isolantes électriquement.The invention aims to increase the skin temperature of the insulation while maintaining its electrically insulating properties.
A cet effet, l'invention propose une bougie du type cité ci- dessus, caractérisée en ce l'isolant comporte une rainure annulaire.For this purpose, the invention proposes a candle of the type mentioned above, characterized in that the insulation comprises an annular groove.
Selon d'autres caractéristiques de l'invention, la rainure est située au niveau de l'épaulement.According to other features of the invention, the groove is located at the shoulder.
Selon d'autres caractéristiques de l'invention, la rainure possède une section rectangulaire.According to other features of the invention, the groove has a rectangular section.
Selon d'autres caractéristiques de l'invention, la rainure possède une section triangulaire.According to other features of the invention, the groove has a triangular section.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description d'exemples de réalisation en référence aux figures annexées.Other features and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the appended figures.
La figure 1 représente une vue en demi coupe d'une bougie multi-étincelles connue dans l'état de la technique.Figure 1 shows a half-sectional view of a multi-spark spark plug known in the state of the art.
La figure 2 représente une vue en demi coupe d'une bougie multi-étincelles selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention.FIG. 2 represents a half-sectional view of a multi-spark plug according to a first embodiment of the invention.
La figure 3 représente une vue en demi coupe d'une bougie multi-étincelles selon un second mode de réalisation de l'invention. Des éléments identiques ou analogues sont désignés par les mêmes chiffres de référence.FIG. 3 represents a half-sectional view of a multi-spark plug according to a second embodiment of the invention. Identical or similar elements are designated by the same reference numerals.
Telle que représentée aux figures 1 , 2 et 3, une bougie muti- étincelles 1 comporte deux électrodes de génération de plasma coaxiales. Une électrode externe appelée culot 2 est destinée à être reliée à la masse. Elle entoure une électrode interne appelée électrode centrale 3, sensiblement cylindrique, d'axe de symétrie D, jouant le rôle d'électrode haute tension. Les matériaux des électrodes 2, 3 sont choisis dans un matériau conducteur tel qu'un alliage nickel.As shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, a multi-spark spark plug 1 comprises two coaxial plasma generation electrodes. An external electrode called base 2 is intended to be connected to ground. It surrounds an internal electrode called central electrode 3, substantially cylindrical, axis of symmetry D, acting as a high voltage electrode. The materials of the electrodes 2, 3 are chosen from a conductive material such as a nickel alloy.
Un bloc électriquement isolant, appelé isolant 4 est placé entre le culot 2 et l'électrode centrale 3. Le culot 2 présente, sur la face extérieure de sa partie inférieure la plus proche de la culasse du moteur à combustion interne équipé de la bougie 1 , une forme appropriée à la mise en place, au maintien et au serrage de la bougie 1 sur la culasse (par exemple et de manière non limitative, ainsi que représenté sur la figure 1 : un filetage). Le matériau d'isolation peut être choisi en céramique.An electrically insulating block, called insulator 4 is placed between the base 2 and the central electrode 3. The base 2 has, on the outer face of its lower part closest to the cylinder head of the internal combustion engine equipped with the spark plug 1 , a form suitable for the introduction, maintenance and tightening of the spark plug 1 on the cylinder head (for example and without limitation, as shown in Figure 1: a thread). The insulation material can be chosen ceramic.
L'isolant 4 possède un épaulement 5 annulaire occultant toute la surface circulaire externe 6 du culot 2. L'épaulement 5 augmente la distance, en passant par le mélange gazeux, entre l'électrode centrale 3 et le culot, permettant d'éviter la création d'arc entre l'électrode centrale 3 et le culot 2.The insulator 4 has an annular shoulder concealing the entire outer circular surface 6 of the base 2. The shoulder 5 increases the distance, through the gas mixture, between the central electrode 3 and the base, to avoid the arc creation between the central electrode 3 and the base 2.
Quelque soit le mode de réalisation de l'invention, l'épaulement 5 comporte une rainure 8 annulaire.Whatever the embodiment of the invention, the shoulder 5 has an annular groove 8.
Selon un premier mode de réalisation, telle que représentée à la figure 2, la rainure 8 annulaire possède une section rectangulaire.According to a first embodiment, as shown in Figure 2, the annular groove 8 has a rectangular section.
Selon un second mode de réalisation, telle que représentée à la figure 3, la rainure 8 annulaire possède une section triangulaire.According to a second embodiment, as shown in Figure 3, the annular groove 8 has a triangular section.
De cette façon, une résistance thermique est créée au cœur de l'isolant et permet d'augmenter la température de peau de l'isolant 4. Cette rainure 8 est dimensionnée de telle façon que la rainure ne - A -In this way, a thermal resistance is created at the heart of the insulation and makes it possible to increase the skin temperature of the insulation 4. This groove 8 is dimensioned in such a way that the groove - AT -
peut pas être obturée ce qui aurait pour conséquence la non élévation de la température de peau.can not be blocked which would result in no elevation of the skin temperature.
La rainure 8 dispose de deux paramètres : sa hauteur h et sa profondeur p.The groove 8 has two parameters: its height h and its depth p.
La hauteur h permet de rajouter une source de chaleur à l'intérieur de l'isolant 4. La hauteur h varie en fonction de la surface de collection de la chaleur ce qui permet de modifier la répartition des flux de chaleur entrant dans l'isolant.The height h makes it possible to add a source of heat inside the insulator 4. The height h varies according to the collection surface of the heat, which makes it possible to modify the distribution of the heat flows entering the insulation. .
La profondeur p de la rainure 8 nous permet de régler la résistance thermique du système. En effet, les modifications de conductivité thermique longitudinale (selon l'axe D) permettent de faire varier les gradients de température dans la direction axiale et donc les répartitions de température.The depth p of the groove 8 allows us to adjust the thermal resistance of the system. Indeed, changes in longitudinal thermal conductivity (along the axis D) make it possible to vary the temperature gradients in the axial direction and therefore the temperature distributions.
La forme de la rainure 8 est illustrée aux figures 2 et 3 mais l'invention n'est pas limitative, d'autres formes peuvent être choisies de façon à augmenter la température de peau de l'isolant.The shape of the groove 8 is illustrated in Figures 2 and 3 but the invention is not limiting, other forms may be chosen so as to increase the skin temperature of the insulation.
La rainure 8 permet de créer un étranglement dans l'isolant 4 et réduit ainsi sa conductivité thermique longitudinale. De plus, la rainure 8 augmente la surface apparente de l'isolant 4 pour un volume plus réduit. Cette surface est entièrement exposée à la flamme produite par la bougie ce qui conduit à un flux thermique plus important de la flamme vers l'isolant 4 et donc un réchauffement plus important de l'isolant 4. La rainure 8 n'empêche donc pas le dépôt de suies mais elle permet d'augmenter la température de l'isolant et un nettoyage par pyrolyse des suies. The groove 8 creates a constriction in the insulator 4 and thus reduces its longitudinal thermal conductivity. In addition, the groove 8 increases the apparent surface of the insulator 4 for a smaller volume. This surface is entirely exposed to the flame produced by the candle, which leads to a greater thermal flux from the flame to the insulation 4 and therefore a greater heating of the insulation 4. The groove 8 does not prevent the deposit of soot but it allows to increase the temperature of the insulator and cleaning by pyrolysis of soot.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1 . Bougie d'allumage (1 ) pour le moteur à combustion interne d'un véhicule automobile, de forme générale sensiblement allongée, comportant :1. Spark plug (1) for the internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle, of substantially elongated general shape, comprising:
- deux électrodes coaxiales : une électrode interne d'axe (D) appelée électrode centrale (3) et une électrode externe appelée culot (2) entourant l'électrode centrale (3)two coaxial electrodes: an internal electrode with an axis (D) called a central electrode (3) and an external electrode called a base (2) surrounding the central electrode (3)
- un bloc isolant électriquement, appelé isolant (4) interposé entre l'électrode centrale (3) et le culot (2), de forme annulaire et possédant un épaulement (5) annulaire caractérisée en ce que l'isolant (4) comporte une rainure (8) annulaire située au niveau de l'épaulement (5).an electrically insulating block, called an insulator (4) interposed between the central electrode (3) and the base (2), of annular shape and having an annular shoulder (5), characterized in that the insulator (4) comprises a annular groove (8) located at the shoulder (5).
2. Bougie d'allumage (1 ) selon la revendication 1 , caractérisée en ce que la rainure (8) est une résistance thermique dans l'isolant (4).2. Spark plug (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the groove (8) is a thermal resistance in the insulator (4).
3. Bougie d'allumage (1 ) selon l'une des revendications précédentes 1 à 2, caractérisée en ce que la rainure (8) possède une section rectangulaire.3. Spark plug (1) according to one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the groove (8) has a rectangular section.
4. Bougie d'allumage (1 ) selon l'une des revendications précédentes 1 à 2, caractérisée en ce que la rainure (8) possède une section triangulaire. 4. Spark plug (1) according to one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the groove (8) has a triangular section.
EP06831211A 2005-10-18 2006-09-21 Spark plug for motor vehicle internal combustion engine Not-in-force EP1938430B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0553149A FR2892240B1 (en) 2005-10-18 2005-10-18 IGNITION CANDLES FOR THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE OF A MOTOR VEHICLE
PCT/FR2006/050923 WO2007045776A1 (en) 2005-10-18 2006-09-21 Spark plug for motor vehicle internal combustion engine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1938430A1 true EP1938430A1 (en) 2008-07-02
EP1938430B1 EP1938430B1 (en) 2010-04-21

Family

ID=36587264

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06831211A Not-in-force EP1938430B1 (en) 2005-10-18 2006-09-21 Spark plug for motor vehicle internal combustion engine

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US8040029B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1938430B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4970458B2 (en)
KR (1) KR101314761B1 (en)
CN (1) CN101292403B (en)
AT (1) ATE465536T1 (en)
BR (1) BRPI0617514A2 (en)
DE (1) DE602006013857D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2344522T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2892240B1 (en)
RU (1) RU2402127C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2007045776A1 (en)

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FR2965984B1 (en) * 2010-10-12 2012-10-12 Renault Sa PREVENTION AGAINST A SHORT CIRCUIT OF THE RF CANDLE
WO2012091920A1 (en) * 2010-12-14 2012-07-05 Federal-Mogul Ignition Company Corona igniter having shaped insulator
US10056738B2 (en) 2012-03-23 2018-08-21 Federal-Mogul Llc Corona ignition device with improved electrical performance
US9088136B2 (en) * 2012-03-23 2015-07-21 Federal-Mogul Ignition Company Corona ignition device with improved electrical performance
US10056737B2 (en) 2012-03-23 2018-08-21 Federal-Mogul Llc Corona ignition device and assembly method
JP6524136B2 (en) 2017-03-31 2019-06-05 日本特殊陶業株式会社 Spark plug
EP3875967A1 (en) * 2020-03-04 2021-09-08 Sécheron SA High-voltage electrical device

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JP3140006B2 (en) * 1998-06-11 2001-03-05 日本特殊陶業株式会社 Spark plug
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FR2859830B1 (en) 2003-09-12 2014-02-21 Renault Sas PLASMA GENERATION CANDLE WITH INTEGRATED INDUCTANCE.
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2344522T3 (en) 2010-08-30
EP1938430B1 (en) 2010-04-21
CN101292403B (en) 2012-06-20
WO2007045776A1 (en) 2007-04-26
BRPI0617514A2 (en) 2011-07-26
KR20080063316A (en) 2008-07-03
FR2892240A1 (en) 2007-04-20
ATE465536T1 (en) 2010-05-15
JP4970458B2 (en) 2012-07-04
FR2892240B1 (en) 2010-10-22
KR101314761B1 (en) 2013-10-08
DE602006013857D1 (en) 2010-06-02
CN101292403A (en) 2008-10-22
US8040029B2 (en) 2011-10-18
JP2009512172A (en) 2009-03-19
RU2008119474A (en) 2009-11-27
US20080284303A1 (en) 2008-11-20
RU2402127C2 (en) 2010-10-20

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