EP1904680B1 - High-security cable - Google Patents

High-security cable Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP1904680B1
EP1904680B1 EP06741617A EP06741617A EP1904680B1 EP 1904680 B1 EP1904680 B1 EP 1904680B1 EP 06741617 A EP06741617 A EP 06741617A EP 06741617 A EP06741617 A EP 06741617A EP 1904680 B1 EP1904680 B1 EP 1904680B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
yarns
high security
security cable
cable according
manufactured
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP06741617A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1904680A1 (en
Inventor
Walter NÜESCH
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Cortex Humbelin AG
Original Assignee
Cortex Humbelin AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Cortex Humbelin AG filed Critical Cortex Humbelin AG
Publication of EP1904680A1 publication Critical patent/EP1904680A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1904680B1 publication Critical patent/EP1904680B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/02—Ropes built-up from fibrous or filamentary material, e.g. of vegetable origin, of animal origin, regenerated cellulose, plastics
    • D07B1/025—Ropes built-up from fibrous or filamentary material, e.g. of vegetable origin, of animal origin, regenerated cellulose, plastics comprising high modulus, or high tenacity, polymer filaments or fibres, e.g. liquid-crystal polymers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/005—Composite ropes, i.e. ropes built-up from fibrous or filamentary material and metal wires
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/10—Rope or cable structures
    • D07B2201/1012—Rope or cable structures characterised by their internal structure
    • D07B2201/1016—Rope or cable structures characterised by their internal structure characterised by the use of different strands
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/10—Rope or cable structures
    • D07B2201/104—Rope or cable structures twisted
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2205/00—Rope or cable materials
    • D07B2205/20—Organic high polymers
    • D07B2205/2046—Polyamides, e.g. nylons
    • D07B2205/205—Aramides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2205/00—Rope or cable materials
    • D07B2205/20—Organic high polymers
    • D07B2205/2096—Poly-p-phenylenebenzo-bisoxazole [PBO]
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2205/00—Rope or cable materials
    • D07B2205/30—Inorganic materials
    • D07B2205/3007—Carbon

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a high-security rope which is made of a mixture of plastic yarns or of plastic yarns and metal wires.
  • High security cables are used in various applications.
  • High-security ropes which are used as safety cords, in particular for connecting a wheel of a race car with its chassis, are particularly known today.
  • the said rope consists of a mixed yarn of filaments with relatively rigid plastic filaments with an elongation to break elongation of 2 to 5% and of relatively elastic plastic filaments with an elongation to break elongation of 12 to 25%.
  • the various plastic filaments are twisted into yarn strands, the yarn strands are twisted calm, while the rope made from these yarn strands is not twisted calm.
  • Such a rope has not only a high tensile strength, but also an increased elongation, whereby an improved energy absorption can be achieved.
  • the well-known safety rope which is used in Formula 1 racing, may only have a relatively short stretch path for safety reasons to prevent the broken now hanging on the safety rope wheel can hit the cockpit or the head of the driver.
  • a longer stretch would not only be acceptable but may even be desirable.
  • the Applicant has accordingly further researched in this direction and in particular also sought solutions that allows practically to create a customization of the characteristics.
  • This object is achieved by a high security rope with the features of claim 1.
  • the invention also relates to the use of such a high security rope for various applications that have not come into question for ropes of this kind to date.
  • the extended application also results from the fact that the cables can be manufactured from a combination of filaments of one or more plastics as well as wires of one or more metals or metal alloys.
  • High-security cables are usually made from a single material, usually starting from the expected maximum force that may act on the cable. Only for reasons such as weather resistance, UV resistance, temperature resistance or other requirements specific type has been used mixed two or three different materials. Consequently, they have either limited themselves to textile ropes made of natural and synthetic fibers or made pure metal ropes. Ropes mixed with both fibers and wires are not available on the market.
  • the various materials referred to herein as M 1 , M 2 , M 3 or M 4 have different moduli of elasticity and different load-to-break curves.
  • the corresponding curves represent symbolically mono- or multifilament ropes without Verzwirnung. Such curves have a more or less steep flank, a relatively small maximum plateau to maximum elongation, which leads to breakage.
  • the object of the invention is seen herein to provide a rope which has as low as possible to reach the maximum application force, however, as far as maximum force is concerned as large as possible Stretching allowed until breakage. This optimizes the maximum recordable power.
  • Yarn in the present invention is understood to mean an endless product consisting of several filaments.
  • the yarn can be untwisted or rotated.
  • a yarn according to this invention can also be made of a variety consist of fine metal wires. These metal wires can be turned or untwisted.
  • a twine is understood to mean a product which consists of two twisted yarns. Each yarn can be S- or Z-twisted. This is understood by the S-twist a left twist and under the Z-twist a right-handed twist.
  • a cord Under a cord is understood in the present invention, a product in which at least three yarns are twisted into a cord. It has been found that advantageously a cord is used, which consists of three yarns, wherein at least one yarn is wound differently than the other two yarns. Thus, one will produce cords made of, for example, two S-twisted yarns and one Z-twisted yarn, or two Z-twisted yarns and one S-twisted yarn.
  • the individual yarns not only vary in the direction in which they are twisted, but they also differ in the number of revolutions per meter. This figure can vary in size from about 30 revolutions per meter to a maximum of 600 revolutions per meter. While the S-twist or the Z-twist can be used regardless of the type of material, the variation is the
  • Revolutions per meter depends on various factors, such as the stiffness of the materials and, of course, on the effect to be achieved. In principle, the lower the twist, the lower is the stretch path to break, but it should be additionally taken into account that with a very high number of revolutions per meter, although the elongation increases to breakage, but that the maximum force until breakage reduced. The latter applies in particular to yarns which are made entirely of metal or to yarns which contain a metal part.
  • cords consisting of three yarns are advantageously used in the invention.
  • the variation of the yarns used therein, both in terms of the properties of the materials and in terms of the number of revolutions per meter should not be too strong. From the table below you can see different cords and their composition of different yarns, with only the information on the rotations of the yarns are given, but not their material composition.
  • Ropes made from such highly tear-resistant fibers are able to absorb tensile forces that often far exceed the forces normally encountered. Nevertheless, even such high-security cables, which are made of such high-tensile materials, extremely problematic in use. The low elastic elongation to break extension of only 1.5 to a maximum of 3.5% limits their use. Wherever very high forces can occur over a relatively short period of time, the ropes must be able to absorb part of the energy through stretching, otherwise the short-term tremendous highs otherwise occur. Forces only lead to destruction of the attachment points of the ropes. Even if these attachment points can in many cases be dimensioned much stronger than the ropes themselves, the problems occur according to experience at the fixing points.
  • the rope must consist of three different proportions, namely on the one hand from yarns, on the other hand from twisting and thirdly from cords. Whereby at the same time of every share of material, this material should be present both as a yarn as a twist and as a cord. This is the only way to ensure that the three different expansion areas of the same material are used.
  • the processing of metal wires in the high-security rope according to the invention is not mandatory, such wires have proven to be extremely advantageous for covering certain strain ranges. If the high-security rope contains fractions of p-aramid fibers, m-aramid fibers or PBO fibers, the proportion of these fibers which have a tensile strength of more than cN / dtex should consist more of yarn and twist, but to a lesser extent than pure cords.
  • inventive high-security cables is hardly suitable for ropes that only need to transmit a relatively steady very high tensile force.
  • the high-security cables according to the invention can be used.
  • tests have proven that such safety cords are suitable for use in motor racing for connecting a wheel to the chassis of the racing car. In such a use, it has been shown that it makes sense to make the inventive rope so that several turns are formed into parallel loops, so that at least one open loop is formed at both ends.
  • High-security ropes can only meet their required safety standards if they are used under manageable conditions. Accordingly, they are hardly suitable for use in perennial rockfall protection structures or avalanche protection structures. The prevailing environmental influences would over time also show their effect on the high-security cable.
  • the high-security cables according to the invention can advantageously be processed into networks which can serve as temporary avalanche safety nets. Accordingly, such ropes can also be processed into networks as temporary rockfall protection nets.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Ropes Or Cables (AREA)

Abstract

A high-security cable is provided, wherein the high-security cable is capable of achieving a smoothing of a work-to-break energy curve. The high-security cable is manufactured of a mixture of plastic yarns or of plastic yarns and metal wires, wherein the cable comprises a first constituent part of untwisted or twisted yarns, or untwisted or twisted yarns and metal wires, a second constituent part of doubled yarn, the doubled yarn manufactured of plastic yarns or of plastic yarns and metal wires, and a third constituent part of cord manufactured from the doubled yarns, wherein the doubled yarn is manufactured from plastic yarns or of plastic yarns and metal wires. The high-security cable can be used as a safety arrester cable, and can also be used to form a netting to serve as safety arrester netting or falling-rock protection netting.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Hochsicherheitsseil, welches aus einer Mischung von Kunststoffgarnen oder von Kunststoffgarnen und Metalldrähten gefertigt ist.The present invention relates to a high-security rope which is made of a mixture of plastic yarns or of plastic yarns and metal wires.

Hochsicherheitsseile werden in verschiedenen Anwendungen eingesetzt. Insbesondere bekannt sind heute Hochsicherheitsseile, die als Sicherheitsfangseile insbesondere zur Verbindung eines Rades eines Rennwagens mit dessen Chassis verwendet werden. Bekannt ist ein solches Sicherheitsfangseil aus der WO 03/048602 . Das genannte Seil besteht aus einem Mischgarn aus Fäden mit relativ starren Kunststofffilamenten mit einer Dehnung bis zur Bruchverlängerung von 2 bis 5% und aus relativ elastischen Kunststofffilamenten mit einer Dehnung bis zur Bruchverlängerung von 12 bis 25%. Hierbei sind die verschiedenen Kunststofffilamente zu Garnsträngen gezwirnt, wobei die Garnstränge beruhigt gezwirnt sind, während das aus diesen Garnsträngen gefertigte Seil nicht beruhigt gezwirnt ist. Ein solches Seil hat nicht nur eine hohe Reissfestigkeit, sondern zudem eine erhöhte Dehnung, wodurch eine verbesserte Energieaufnahme erzielt werden kann.High security cables are used in various applications. High-security ropes, which are used as safety cords, in particular for connecting a wheel of a race car with its chassis, are particularly known today. Is known such a safety rope from the WO 03/048602 , The said rope consists of a mixed yarn of filaments with relatively rigid plastic filaments with an elongation to break elongation of 2 to 5% and of relatively elastic plastic filaments with an elongation to break elongation of 12 to 25%. Here, the various plastic filaments are twisted into yarn strands, the yarn strands are twisted calm, while the rope made from these yarn strands is not twisted calm. Such a rope has not only a high tensile strength, but also an increased elongation, whereby an improved energy absorption can be achieved.

Dank der entsprechenden erhöhten Energieaufnahme durch das Seil selber wird nicht die gesamte Energie bei einer Vollbelastung direkt auf die Verankerung übertragen, die oftmals im Gesamtsystem die kritische Stelle darstellt.Thanks to the corresponding increased energy absorption by the rope itself, not all the energy at full load is transferred directly to the anchorage, which is often the critical point in the overall system.

Das bekannte Sicherheitsfangseil, welches im Formel 1-Rennsport zum Einsatz gelangt, darf aus Sicherheitsgründen nur einen relativ kurzen Dehnweg aufweisen um zu verhindern, dass das abgebrochene nun am Fangseil hängende Rad an das Cockpit oder den Kopf des Fahrers schlagen kann. Bei anderen Rennfahrzeugen und in anderen Anwendungen wäre jedoch ein längerer Dehnweg nicht nur akzeptabel sondern gegebenenfalls sogar erwünscht. Die Anmelderin hat entsprechend in dieser Richtung weiter geforscht und insbesondere auch nach Lösungen gesucht, die praktisch eine kundenspezifische Anpassung der Kennmerkmale zu erzeugen erlaubt.The well-known safety rope, which is used in Formula 1 racing, may only have a relatively short stretch path for safety reasons to prevent the broken now hanging on the safety rope wheel can hit the cockpit or the head of the driver. However, in other racing vehicles and in other applications, a longer stretch would not only be acceptable but may even be desirable. The Applicant has accordingly further researched in this direction and in particular also sought solutions that allows practically to create a customization of the characteristics.

Betrachtet man die so genannte "work-to-break-energy" Kurve eines beliebigen Materials, so hat eine solche Kurve im Prinzip die Gestalt eines spitzwinkligen Dreiecks in einem Koordinatennetz, bei dem die Kraft F auf der Abszisse und die Elastizität E auf der Ordinate aufgetragen ist. Die Reissfestigkeit des Materiales spiegelt sich in der Höhe des Dreieckes wieder und die Elastizität des Materiales ergibt die Neigung der Hypothenuse des rechtwinkligen Dreiecks wieder. Werden nun verschiedene Materialien in einem Seil verarbeitet, so bleiben normalerweise die materialspezifischen Peaks in der gesamten Hüllkurve deutlich erkennbar. Je nach der Belastung führt dies zu einem äusserst ungünstigen Reissverhalten.Considering the so-called "work-to-break-energy" curve of any material, such a curve has in principle the shape of an acute triangle in a coordinate network, where the force F on the abscissa and the elasticity E on the ordinate is applied. The tensile strength of the material is reflected in the height of the triangle and the elasticity of the material reflects the inclination of the hypothenuse of the right triangle. Now, if different materials are processed in a rope, then usually remain the Material-specific peaks in the entire envelope clearly visible. Depending on the load, this leads to an extremely unfavorable tear behavior.

Es ist daher die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein Hochsicherheitsseil zu schaffen, welches durch seine spezielle Fertigung eine Glättung der "work-to-break-energy" Kurve zu erreichen vermag, womit insgesamt die aufnehmbare Energie bis zum Bruch erhöht werden soll. Diese Aufgabe löst ein Hochsicherheitsseil mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruches 1. Die Erfindung betrifft auch die Verwendung eines solchen Hochsicherheitsseiles für verschiedene Anwendungen, die bis heute für Seile dieser Art nicht in Betracht kamen. Insbesondere ergibt sich die erweiterte Anwendung auch dadurch, dass die Seile aus einer Kombination von Filamenten aus einem oder mehreren Kunststoffen sowie aus Drähten aus einen oder mehreren Metallen beziehungsweise Metalllegierungen fertigbar sind.It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a high-security rope, which is able to achieve a smoothing of the "work-to-break-energy" curve by its special production, so that the total recordable energy is to be increased to breakage. This object is achieved by a high security rope with the features of claim 1. The invention also relates to the use of such a high security rope for various applications that have not come into question for ropes of this kind to date. In particular, the extended application also results from the fact that the cables can be manufactured from a combination of filaments of one or more plastics as well as wires of one or more metals or metal alloys.

In der Zeichnung sind verschiedene Graphiken aufgezeigt, die symbolisch den erzielbaren Effekt der Erfindung darstellen. Es zeigt:

Figur 1
ein Kraftdehnungsdiagramm für verschiedene Materialien in symbolischer Darstellung
Figur 2
ein weiteres Kraftdehnungsdiagramm eines einzigen Materials, bestehend aus Garn, aus Zwirn und aus Kord
Figur 3
zeigt ein Kraftdehnungsdiagramm eines Hochsicherheitsseiles, welches gemäss der Erfindung gestaltet ist.
In the drawing, various graphics are shown, which symbolically represent the recoverable effect of the invention. It shows:
FIG. 1
a force expansion diagram for different materials in symbolic representation
FIG. 2
another force expansion diagram of a single material, consisting of yarn, twisted and cord
FIG. 3
shows a force expansion diagram of a high-security rope, which is designed according to the invention.

Hochsicherheitsseile werden in den meisten Fällen aus einem einzigen Material gefertigt, wobei man üblicherweise von der zu erwartenden höchsten Kraftaufwendung, die auf das Seil einwirken mag, ausgeht. Lediglich aus Gründen wie Wetterbeständigkeit, UV-Beständigkeit, Temperaturbeständigkeit oder sonstigen Anforderungen spezifischer Art hat man bisher zwei oder drei verschiedene Materialien gemischt angewendet. Dabei hat man sich konsequenterweise entweder auf textile Seile aus Natur- und Kunststofffasern beschränkt oder reine Metallseile gefertigt. Seile, die gemischt aus beiderlei Fasern und Drähten bestehen, sind auf dem Markt nicht erhältlich.High-security cables are usually made from a single material, usually starting from the expected maximum force that may act on the cable. Only for reasons such as weather resistance, UV resistance, temperature resistance or other requirements specific type has been used mixed two or three different materials. Consequently, they have either limited themselves to textile ropes made of natural and synthetic fibers or made pure metal ropes. Ropes mixed with both fibers and wires are not available on the market.

Wie im Kraftdehnungsdiagramm der Figur 1 schematisch dargestellt, haben die verschiedenen Materialien, die hier mit M1, M2, M3 oder M4 bezeichnet sind, unterschiedliche Elastizitätsmodule und unterschiedliche Maximalbelastbarkeiten (load-to-break)-Kurven. Die entsprechenden Kurven stellen symbolisch mono- oder multifilare Seile ohne Verzwirnung dar. Solche Kurven haben eine mehr oder weniger steile Flanke, ein relativ kleines Maximalplateau bis zur Maximaldehnung, welche zum Bruch führt.As in the force expansion diagram of FIG. 1 schematically illustrated, the various materials referred to herein as M 1 , M 2 , M 3 or M 4 have different moduli of elasticity and different load-to-break curves. The corresponding curves represent symbolically mono- or multifilament ropes without Verzwirnung. Such curves have a more or less steep flank, a relatively small maximum plateau to maximum elongation, which leads to breakage.

Die Anmelderin hat in einer grossen Serie von Untersuchungen nun festgestellt, wie diese Kurven sich ändern, wenn statt einfaches Garn in verzwirnter oder in unverzwirnter Form zu Zwirnen oder zu Kord weiter verarbeitet werden. Hierbei wurde festgestellt, dass diese Form der Weiterverarbeitung die Flanke der Steigungskurve verflachen lässt und je nach Verarbeitungsart die maximale Kraftübertragung während eines längeren Dehnungsweges aufrecht erhalten werden kann. Mit anderen Worten, die bisher spitzen Kurven, wie sie aus der Figur 1 bekannt sind, lassen sich strecken. Hierdurch verflachen sich die Kurven insofern, dass bei steigender Zunahme der Kraft auch der Dehnungsweg zunimmt, wobei dies sowohl in der Anfangsphase auftritt als auch bei der maximal anlegbaren Kraft noch zunimmt. Die Gesamtleistung, die ein solches Seil aufzunehmen vermag, ist repräsentiert durch die Fläche unterhalb der Hüllkurve.The Applicant has now determined in a large series of investigations, how these curves change when instead of simple yarn in verzwirnter or in untwisted form to twine or cord further processed. It was found that this form of processing can flatten the slope of the slope curve and depending on the type of processing the maximum power transmission can be maintained during a longer stretch path. In other words, the hitherto sharp curves, as seen from the FIG. 1 are known, can be stretched. As a result, the curves become flatter in that, as the force increases, the strain path also increases, with this occurring both in the initial phase and increasing with the maximum applied force. The total power that such a rope can absorb is represented by the area below the envelope.

Je nach Anwendung ist es jedoch keineswegs erwünscht, bereits bevor die maximale Kraft anliegt, eine relevante Ausdehnung zu erhalten. Die Aufgabe der Erfindung wird hierin gesehen ein Seil zu schaffen, welches bis zur Erreichung der maximal anlegbaren Kraft einen möglichst geringen Dehnungsweg hat, jedoch bei Anliegen der maximalen Kraft eine möglichst grosse Dehnung bis zum Bruch erlaubt. Hierdurch lässt sich die maximale aufnehmbare Leistung optimieren.Depending on the application, however, it is by no means desirable to obtain a relevant extent even before the maximum force is applied. The object of the invention is seen herein to provide a rope which has as low as possible to reach the maximum application force, however, as far as maximum force is concerned as large as possible Stretching allowed until breakage. This optimizes the maximum recordable power.

Aus dem Kraftdehnungsdiagramm gemäss der Figur 3 ist nun ein Beispiel gezeigt, bei dem vier verschiedene Materialien symbolisiert durch M1 bis M4 verarbeitet sind, wobei sämtliche Materialien sowohl in der Form als Garn beziehungsweise Drähte vorliegt, sowie auch in der Form von Zwirnen und letztlich auch in der Form von Kord. Durch das Vorliegen dieser Materialien in allen drei Verarbeitungsformen, wobei nicht zwingend jedes Material in allen drei Verarbeitungsformen vorliegen muss, obwohl dies mit Sicherheit die optimalste Gestaltung darstellt, kann eine Kurve realisiert werde, die symbolisch praktisch als Rechteck aufgezeigt werden kann.From the force expansion diagram according to the FIG. 3 an example is now shown in which four different materials are symbolized by M 1 to M 4 are processed, all materials are present both in the form of yarn or wires, as well as in the form of ply and ultimately in the form of cord. By having these materials in all three forms of processing, though not necessarily all material must be present in all three processing forms, although this certainly represents the most optimal design, a curve can be realized which can be practically symbolically indicated as a rectangle.

Da die Definitionen der hier verwendeten Begriffe international nicht völlig einheitlich ist, werden nachfolgend diese Begriffe so definiert, wie sie in der vorliegenden Erfindung verstanden werden. Das kleinste Element ist ein Monofilament oder ein einzelner Draht. Hierbei wird die Feinheit des Drahtes nicht festgelegt. Unter Garn wird in der vorliegenden Erfindung ein aus mehreren Filamenten bestehendes endloses Produkt verstanden. Hierbei kann das Garn ungedreht oder gedreht sein. In analoger Weisse kann ein Garn gemäss dieser Erfindung auch aus einer Vielzahl feiner Metalldrähte bestehen. Auch diese Metalldrähte können gedreht oder ungedreht sein.Since the definitions of the terms used herein are not internationally uniform, these terms will be defined as they are understood in the present invention. The smallest element is a monofilament or a single wire. Here, the fineness of the wire is not determined. Yarn in the present invention is understood to mean an endless product consisting of several filaments. Here, the yarn can be untwisted or rotated. In analog white, a yarn according to this invention can also be made of a variety consist of fine metal wires. These metal wires can be turned or untwisted.

In der Erfindung wird unter Zwirn ein Produkt verstanden, welches aus zwei miteinander verwundenen Garnen besteht. Jedes Garn kann S- oder Z-gezwirnt sein. Hierbei versteht man unter der S-Zwirnung eine Linksverdrehung und unter der Z-Zwirnung eine rechtsläufige Verzwirnung.In the invention, a twine is understood to mean a product which consists of two twisted yarns. Each yarn can be S- or Z-twisted. This is understood by the S-twist a left twist and under the Z-twist a right-handed twist.

Unter einem Kord wird in der vorliegenden Erfindung ein Produkt verstanden, bei dem mindestens drei Garne zu einem Kord verzwirnt sind. Es hat sich herausgestellt, dass vorteilhafterweise hier mit einem Kord gearbeitet wird, welches aus drei Garnen besteht, wobei mindestens ein Garn anders gewickelt ist als die beiden anderen Garne. So wird man Korde erzeugen, die beispielsweise aus zwei S-gezwirnten Garnen und einem Z-gezwirnten Garn beziehungsweise aus zwei Z-gezwirnten Garnen und einem S-gezwirnten Garn gefertigt sind.Under a cord is understood in the present invention, a product in which at least three yarns are twisted into a cord. It has been found that advantageously a cord is used, which consists of three yarns, wherein at least one yarn is wound differently than the other two yarns. Thus, one will produce cords made of, for example, two S-twisted yarns and one Z-twisted yarn, or two Z-twisted yarns and one S-twisted yarn.

Die einzelnen Garne variieren nicht nur in der Drehrichtung, in der sie gezwirnt sind, sondern sie unterscheiden sich auch in der Anzahl Umdrehungen pro Meter. Diese Masszahl kann in der Grössenordnung von rund 30 Umdrehungen pro Meter bis maximal 600 Umdrehungen pro Meter variieren. Während die S-Zwirnung oder die Z-Zwirnung unabhängig von der Art des Materials verwendet werden kann, ist die Variation derThe individual yarns not only vary in the direction in which they are twisted, but they also differ in the number of revolutions per meter. This figure can vary in size from about 30 revolutions per meter to a maximum of 600 revolutions per meter. While the S-twist or the Z-twist can be used regardless of the type of material, the variation is the

Umdrehungen pro Meter von verschiedenen Faktoren abhängig, wie beispielsweise die Steifigkeit der Materialien und selbstverständlich vom zu erzielenden Effekt. Prinzipiell gilt je geringer die Zwirnung, um so niedriger ist der Dehnweg bis zum Bruch, wobei jedoch zusätzlich zu berücksichtigen ist, dass bei einer sehr hohen Zahl der Umdrehungen pro Meter zwar der Dehnweg zunimmt bis zum Bruch, dass aber die Maximalkraft bis zum Bruch sich reduziert. Letzteres gilt insbesondere bei Garnen, die vollständig aus Metall gefertigt sind bzw. für Garne, die einen Metallteil enthalten.Revolutions per meter depends on various factors, such as the stiffness of the materials and, of course, on the effect to be achieved. In principle, the lower the twist, the lower is the stretch path to break, but it should be additionally taken into account that with a very high number of revolutions per meter, although the elongation increases to breakage, but that the maximum force until breakage reduced. The latter applies in particular to yarns which are made entirely of metal or to yarns which contain a metal part.

Wie bereits erwähnt wird in der Erfindung vorteilhafterweise von Korden ausgegangen, die aus drei Garnen bestehen. Innerhalb eines Kordes soll dabei die Variation der darin verwendeten Garne sowohl bezüglich der Eigenschaften der Materialien als auch in Bezug auf die Anzahl Umdrehungen pro Meter nicht zu stark sein. Aus der nachfolgenden Tabelle ersieht man verschiedene Korde sowie deren Zusammensetzung aus verschiedenen Garnen, wobei nur die Angaben bezüglich der Drehungen der Garne angegeben sind, nicht jedoch deren materielle Zusammensetzung.As already mentioned, cords consisting of three yarns are advantageously used in the invention. Within a cord, the variation of the yarns used therein, both in terms of the properties of the materials and in terms of the number of revolutions per meter should not be too strong. From the table below you can see different cords and their composition of different yarns, with only the information on the rotations of the yarns are given, but not their material composition.

Bezüglich der hier in rage kommenden Materialien kann man im Wesentlichen die reinen Naturfasern unberücksichtigt lassen. Neben den bekannten Karbonfasern mit einer Reissfestigkeit von 20 cN/dtex oder auch die wesentlich elastischeren m-Aramid-Fasern, welche eine Reissfestigkeit von 4.7 cN/dtex haben, kommen hier natürlich in Frage. Die erwähnten elastischen m-Aramid-Fasern lassen sich auch sehr gut kombinieren mit den relativ starren p-Aramid-Fasern, die eine Reissfestigkeit von 19 cN/dtex besitzen. Eine besonders hohe Reissfestigkeit besitzen die ganz modernen PBO-Fasern, die gar eine Reissfestigkeit von rund 37 cN/dtex haben. Seile die aus solchen hochreissfesten Fasern hergestellt werden, vermögen Zugkräfte aufzunehmen, die die üblicherweise auftretenden Kräfte oft bei Weitem übertreffen. Trotzdem sind auch solche Hochsicherheitsseile, die aus solchen hochreissfesten Materialien gefertigt sind, äusserst problematisch im Einsatz. Die geringe elastische Dehnung bis zur Bruchverlängerung von lediglich 1.5 bis maximal 3.5 % limitiert deren Verwendung. Überall dort, wo während einer relativ kurzen Zeit sehr hohe Kräfte auftreten können, müssen die Seile über die Dehnung einen Teil der Energie absorbieren können, da ansonsten die auftretenden kurzzeitigen enorm hohen. Kräfte lediglich zu einer Zerstörung der Befestigungspunkte der Seile führen. Auch dann, wenn diese Befestigungspunkte in vielen Fällen wesentlich stärker dimensioniert werden können als die Seile selber, treten die Probleme erfahrungsgemäss an den Fixierpunkten auf.With regard to the materials coming into question here, one can essentially ignore the pure natural fibers. In addition to the known carbon fibers with a tensile strength of 20 cN / dtex or the much more elastic m-aramid fibers, which have a tensile strength of 4.7 cN / dtex, come here of course in question. The mentioned elastic m-aramid fibers can also be combined very well with the relatively rigid p-aramid fibers, which have a tensile strength of 19 cN / dtex. The very modern PBO fibers, which even have a tear strength of around 37 cN / dtex, have a particularly high tear resistance. Ropes made from such highly tear-resistant fibers are able to absorb tensile forces that often far exceed the forces normally encountered. Nevertheless, even such high-security cables, which are made of such high-tensile materials, extremely problematic in use. The low elastic elongation to break extension of only 1.5 to a maximum of 3.5% limits their use. Wherever very high forces can occur over a relatively short period of time, the ropes must be able to absorb part of the energy through stretching, otherwise the short-term tremendous highs otherwise occur. Forces only lead to destruction of the attachment points of the ropes. Even if these attachment points can in many cases be dimensioned much stronger than the ropes themselves, the problems occur according to experience at the fixing points.

Um die Deformationsarbeit, die vom Seil geleistet werden kann, zu vergrössern, eignet sich insbesondere die Beimischung von Metalldrähten, die entweder im Garn oder im Kord integriert sein können, insbesondere durch ein so genanntes core-spinning-Verfahren, wobei der oder die Metalldrähte im Zentrum liegen, während die Kunststoffgarne darum herum laufen. Bei den hier interessierenden Metalldrähten kommen selbstverständlich diverse Stahldrähte in Frage, jedoch haben sich insbesondere auch Drähte aus Nickel oder aus einer austhentischen Nickel-Chrom-Legierung bewährt. Austhentische Nickel-Chrom-Legierungen wurden in Form von Drähten mit einem Durchmesser von unter 0.5 mm zu Zwirnen verarbeitet und diese zu einem Seil mit einem Durchmesser von 12 bis 13 mm weiter verarbeitet. Ein solches Seil mit einer Länge von rund 600 mm lässt die Uebertragung von einer Maximalkraft von 57.8 kN zu. Die work-to-break Arbeit belief sich hierbei auch 10'000 Nm.In order to increase the deformation work that can be done by the rope, in particular the admixture of metal wires, which may be integrated either in the yarn or in the cord, in particular by a so-called core-spinning method, wherein the metal wire or in the Center while the plastic yarns are running around it. In the case of the metal wires of interest here, of course, various steel wires come into question, but in particular also wires made of nickel or of an austenitic nickel-chromium alloy have proven themselves. Austent nickel-chromium alloys were twisted in the form of wires less than 0.5 mm in diameter and further processed into a rope with a diameter of 12 to 13 mm. Such a rope with a length of about 600 mm allows the transmission of a maximum force of 57.8 kN. The work-to-break work also amounted to 10'000 Nm.

Wesentlich ist gemäss der vorliegenden Erfindung die Tatsache, dass das Seil aus drei unterschiedlichen Anteilen bestehen muss, nämlich einerseits aus Garnen, andererseits aus Zwirnen und drittens aus Korden. Wobei gleichzeitig von jedem Materialanteil dieses Material sowohl als Garn sowohl als Zwirn und als Kord vorhanden sein soll. Nur so ist sichergestellt, dass die drei unterschiedlichen Dehnungsbereiche desselben Materials auch genutzt werden.It is essential according to the present invention, the fact that the rope must consist of three different proportions, namely on the one hand from yarns, on the other hand from twisting and thirdly from cords. Whereby at the same time of every share of material, this material should be present both as a yarn as a twist and as a cord. This is the only way to ensure that the three different expansion areas of the same material are used.

Erst dank der Kombination aller drei Verarbeitungsstufen wird die maximale Dehnbarkeit des Materials auch voll genutzt. Obwohl die Verarbeitung von Metalldrähten im erfindungsgemässen Hochsicherheitsseil nicht zwingend ist, haben sich solche Drähte als ausgesprochen vorteilhaft erwiesen zur Abdeckung gewisser Dehnungsbereiche. Falls das Hochsicherheitsseil Anteile an p-Aramidfasern, m-Aramidfasern oder PBO-Fasern enthält, so sollte der Anteil dieser Fasern, die eine Reissfestigkeit von über cN/dtex aufweisen, mehr aus Anteilen von Garn und Zwirn bestehen, jedoch in geringerem Mass als reine Korde.Only thanks to the combination of all three processing stages, the maximum elasticity of the material is fully utilized. Although the processing of metal wires in the high-security rope according to the invention is not mandatory, such wires have proven to be extremely advantageous for covering certain strain ranges. If the high-security rope contains fractions of p-aramid fibers, m-aramid fibers or PBO fibers, the proportion of these fibers which have a tensile strength of more than cN / dtex should consist more of yarn and twist, but to a lesser extent than pure cords.

Die Verwendung solcher erfindungsgemässer Hochsicherheitsseile ist kaum geeignet für Seile, die lediglich eine relativ stetige sehr hohe Zugkraft übertragen müssen. Jedoch überall dort, wo extrem hohe Spitzenbelastungen eines Hochsicherheitsseiles auftreten, lassen sich die erfindungsgemässen Hochsicherheitsseile einsetzen. Insbesondere haben Tests erwiesen, dass solche Sicherheitsfangseile geeignet sind zum Einsatz im Automobilrennsport zur Verbindung eines Rades mit dem Chassis des Rennwagens. Bei einer solchen Verwendung hat es sich gezeigt, dass es sinnvoll ist, das erfindungsgemässe Seil so zu gestalten, dass mehrere Windungen zu parallelen Schlaufen geformt werden, so dass an beiden Enden mindestens eine offene Schlaufe geformt ist.The use of such inventive high-security cables is hardly suitable for ropes that only need to transmit a relatively steady very high tensile force. However, wherever extremely high peak loads of a high-security cable occur, the high-security cables according to the invention can be used. In particular, tests have proven that such safety cords are suitable for use in motor racing for connecting a wheel to the chassis of the racing car. In such a use, it has been shown that it makes sense to make the inventive rope so that several turns are formed into parallel loops, so that at least one open loop is formed at both ends.

Ein weiterer Einsatzbereich dieser erfindungsgemässen Seile besteht darin, dass diese genutzt werden können, um daraus Sicherheitsfangseile zu knüpfen, die entlang von Skipisten und insbesondere entlang von Rennstrecken des Alpinsportes angebracht werden können.Another field of application of these inventive ropes is that they can be used to make safety leashes that can be attached along ski runs and in particular along racetracks of alpine sports.

Hochsicherheitsseile können ihre geforderten Sicherheitsnormen nur erfüllen, wenn diese unter überschaubaren Konditionen eingesetzt werden. Entsprechend eigenen sie sich kaum zum Einsatz in mehrjährigen Steinschlagschutzverbauungen oder Lawinenschutzverbauungen. Die herrschenden Umwelteinflüsse würden über die Dauer auch ihre Wirkung am Hochsicherheitsseil zeigen. Hingegen lassen sich die erfindungsgemässen Hochsicherheitsseile vorteilhaft zu Netzen verarbeiten, die als temporäre Lawinenfangnetze dienen können. Entsprechend lassen sich solche Seile auch zu Netzen als temporäre Steinschlagschutznetze verarbeiten.High-security ropes can only meet their required safety standards if they are used under manageable conditions. Accordingly, they are hardly suitable for use in perennial rockfall protection structures or avalanche protection structures. The prevailing environmental influences would over time also show their effect on the high-security cable. On the other hand, the high-security cables according to the invention can advantageously be processed into networks which can serve as temporary avalanche safety nets. Accordingly, such ropes can also be processed into networks as temporary rockfall protection nets.

Claims (14)

  1. A high-security cable, which is manufactured from a mixture of plastic yarns, or from plastic yarns and metal wires,
    characterised in that the cable is manufactured from a first component of untwisted or twisted yarns, or untwisted or twisted yarns and wires,
    - a second component of twine manufactured from plastic yarns, or from plastic yarns and metal wires,
    - and a third component of cord manufactured from twines that are manufactured from plastic yarns, or from plastic yarns and metal wires.
  2. The high security cable according to Claim 1,
    characterised in that each kind of plastic yarn is present in each component.
  3. The high security cable according to Claim 1,
    characterised in that each kind of metal wire, if present, is present in each component.
  4. The high security cable according to Claim 1,
    characterised in that the cable comprises at least one yarn of fibres of the group of carbon fibres, p-aramid fibres, m-aramid fibres and PBO fibres.
  5. The high security cable according to Claim 1,
    characterised in that the cable comprises wires of nickel or of an austenitic Ni-Cr alloy.
  6. The high security cable according to Claim 1,
    characterised in that the twines are manufactured from equal components of S and Z twisted yarns.
  7. The high security cable according to Claim 4,
    characterised in that the components of yarns with a tearing strength of more than 10 cN/dtex are to be found predominantly in the first and second components.
  8. The high security cable according to Claim 1,
    characterised in that the yarns have a twist of min. 30 turns per metre and max. 600 turns per metre.
  9. The high security cable according to Claim 1,
    characterised in that the metal wires are integrated into the yarn with the Coverspin method.
  10. The use of a high security cable according to one of the Claims 1 to 8,
    characterised in that the cable is used as a security retention cable to connect a wheel of a racing car with its chassis.
  11. The use of a high security cable according to Claim 10,
    characterised in that the high security cable is formed as a plurality of windings of parallel closed straps, so that at least one open strap is formed at either end.
  12. The use of a high security cable according to one of the Claims 1 to 8,
    characterised in that nets are knotted together from this cable that serve as security retention nets along ski slopes.
  13. The high security cable according to Claim 12,
    characterised in that the nets serve as temporary avalanche retention nets.
  14. The use according to Claim 12,
    characterised in that the nets serve as temporary rock fall protection nets.
EP06741617A 2005-07-21 2006-06-01 High-security cable Active EP1904680B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH12182005 2005-07-21
PCT/CH2006/000292 WO2007009272A1 (en) 2005-07-21 2006-06-01 High-security cable

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1904680A1 EP1904680A1 (en) 2008-04-02
EP1904680B1 true EP1904680B1 (en) 2010-03-17

Family

ID=36678527

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06741617A Active EP1904680B1 (en) 2005-07-21 2006-06-01 High-security cable

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20080223016A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1904680B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE461316T1 (en)
DE (1) DE502006006459D1 (en)
WO (1) WO2007009272A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20140202393A1 (en) * 2011-06-28 2014-07-24 Nor'eastern Trawl Systems, Inc Aquatic-predator resistant net
CH706170A2 (en) 2012-02-23 2013-08-30 Cortex Huembelin Ag High-security cable.
US20140237983A1 (en) * 2013-02-27 2014-08-28 E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company Unbalanced Hybrid Cords and Methods for Making on Cable Cording Machines
US9175425B2 (en) * 2013-02-27 2015-11-03 E I Du Pont Nemours And Company Unbalanced hybrid cords and methods for making on cable cording machines
CN105679464B (en) * 2016-01-22 2017-05-03 铜陵市华东玻璃钢工业有限责任公司 Fabrication method of high-strength composite cable twisted bow for cable bow twisting machine

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1074621A (en) * 1963-01-12 1967-07-05 Gourock Ropework Company Ltd Improvements in or relating to electrical current conductors
US3882667A (en) * 1970-03-13 1975-05-13 Brunswick Corp Method of making a composite yarn
US4102118A (en) * 1977-03-16 1978-07-25 Wire Rope Corporation Of America, Inc. Multi-part wire rope fabric assembly
DE2853661C2 (en) * 1978-12-13 1983-12-01 Drahtseilwerk Saar GmbH, 6654 Kirkel Synthetic fiber rope
NL9101006A (en) * 1991-06-11 1993-01-04 Dsm Nv ROPE.
HRPK20010138B1 (en) * 2001-04-11 2003-12-31 Krstinić Goran Safety ropes
CH694890A5 (en) * 2001-12-05 2005-08-31 Cortex Humbelin Ag Safety-rope.
EP1600553B1 (en) * 2004-05-10 2008-07-16 Cortex Hümbelin AG Safety arrester cable

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1904680A1 (en) 2008-04-02
WO2007009272A1 (en) 2007-01-25
US20080223016A1 (en) 2008-09-18
ATE461316T1 (en) 2010-04-15
DE502006006459D1 (en) 2010-04-29

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE60109345T2 (en) Multi-component yarn and manufacturing method therefor
EP0150702B1 (en) Rope formed of threads, yarns or twines made of textile fibrous material
EP2165017B1 (en) Cable, combined cable made of plastic fibers and steel wire strands, and combined strands made of plastic fibers and steel wires
DE2838046C2 (en) Textile cord for reinforcing rubber products
EP1904680B1 (en) High-security cable
EP2285452B1 (en) Connecting means for a fall protection means
EP1430176A1 (en) Rope-like structure
EP2118349B1 (en) Electrically conductive, elastic compound thread, particularly for rfid textile labels, the use thereof, and the production of a woven fabric, knitted fabric, or meshwork therewith
EP1600553A1 (en) Safety arrester cable
DE1605705A1 (en) Reinforcement for pneumatic tires u. like
EP1360431B1 (en) Fall arrester
EP1451485A1 (en) Safety arrester cable
US8256200B2 (en) High-security cable
DE1505057A1 (en) Pneumatic tires with thread-like reinforcement material
EP0405005B1 (en) Webbing for safety belts
EP3332148B1 (en) Drive belt
EP3967799A1 (en) Textile fibre rope comprising a plied yarn or core-sheath yarn and method of manufacturung such a yarn
EP3421102A1 (en) Shock absorber
DE2159995A1 (en) ROPE WITH ACCIDENT PROTECTION
EP1293119B1 (en) Strap for securing trees and other plant structures
EP0241857B1 (en) Sewing thread
DE2528686A1 (en) Aircraft safety belt component belt sections - has hose and belt fibre components of different strengths
DE102020130832A1 (en) Belay device with a rope brake
WO2005090662A2 (en) Method for mixing continuous yarns
DE9401500U1 (en) Shock absorbing webbing

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20080115

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: NOT ENGLISH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 502006006459

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 20100429

Kind code of ref document: P

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: NV

Representative=s name: SCHNEIDER FELDMANN AG PATENT- UND MARKENANWAELTE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: VDEP

Effective date: 20100317

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20100317

LTIE Lt: invalidation of european patent or patent extension

Effective date: 20100317

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20100317

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20100317

Ref country code: PL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20100317

Ref country code: LV

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20100317

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FD4D

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20100618

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20100317

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20100317

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20100317

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20100628

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20100317

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20100317

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20100717

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20100317

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20100317

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20100617

BERE Be: lapsed

Owner name: CORTEX HUMBELIN A.G.

Effective date: 20100630

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20100317

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20100317

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20100630

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20100719

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20101220

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

Effective date: 20110228

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20110101

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20100630

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20100630

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20100601

Ref country code: HU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20100918

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20100317

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: MM01

Ref document number: 461316

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20110601

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20110601

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PFA

Owner name: CORTEX HUEMBELIN AG, CH

Free format text: FORMER OWNER: CORTEX HUEMBELIN AG, CH

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Payment date: 20220510

Year of fee payment: 17

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 20220929

Year of fee payment: 17

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20230504

Year of fee payment: 18

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20230630