EP1879965A2 - Procede de retraitement des residus resultant de la production de nanostructures de fullerene et de carbone - Google Patents

Procede de retraitement des residus resultant de la production de nanostructures de fullerene et de carbone

Info

Publication number
EP1879965A2
EP1879965A2 EP06754848A EP06754848A EP1879965A2 EP 1879965 A2 EP1879965 A2 EP 1879965A2 EP 06754848 A EP06754848 A EP 06754848A EP 06754848 A EP06754848 A EP 06754848A EP 1879965 A2 EP1879965 A2 EP 1879965A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
residue
carbon
fullerene
functionalized
carbonaceous residue
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP06754848A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Nicolas Probst
Frédéric Fabry
Thomas GRÜNBERGER
Eusebiu Grivei
Laurent Fulcheri
José GONZALEZ-AGUILAR
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Imerys Graphite and Carbon Switzerland SA
Original Assignee
Imerys Graphite and Carbon Switzerland SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Imerys Graphite and Carbon Switzerland SA filed Critical Imerys Graphite and Carbon Switzerland SA
Publication of EP1879965A2 publication Critical patent/EP1879965A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK  ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
    • C09C3/00—Treatment in general of inorganic materials, other than fibrous fillers, to enhance their pigmenting or filling properties
    • C09C3/06—Treatment with inorganic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK  ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
    • C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
    • C09C1/44—Carbon
    • C09C1/48—Carbon black
    • C09C1/56—Treatment of carbon black ; Purification
    • C09C1/565—Treatment of carbon black ; Purification comprising an oxidative treatment with oxygen, ozone or oxygenated compounds, e.g. when such treatment occurs in a region of the furnace next to the carbon black generating reaction zone
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/02—Elements
    • C08K3/04—Carbon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK  ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
    • C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
    • C09C1/44—Carbon
    • C09C1/48—Carbon black
    • C09C1/485—Preparation involving the use of a plasma or of an electric arc
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK  ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
    • C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
    • C09C1/44—Carbon
    • C09C1/48—Carbon black
    • C09C1/52—Channel black ; Preparation thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK  ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
    • C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
    • C09C1/44—Carbon
    • C09C1/48—Carbon black
    • C09C1/56—Treatment of carbon black ; Purification
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK  ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
    • C09C3/00—Treatment in general of inorganic materials, other than fibrous fillers, to enhance their pigmenting or filling properties
    • C09C3/08—Treatment with low-molecular-weight non-polymer organic compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
    • C01P2004/01—Particle morphology depicted by an image
    • C01P2004/04—Particle morphology depicted by an image obtained by TEM, STEM, STM or AFM

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for the further processing of the carbonaceous residue from the fullerene and carbon nanostructure production, the processed residue and its use.
  • fullerenes Since then, the number of known fullerenes has increased rapidly, encompassing C 76 , C 78 , C 84 and larger structures including "giant fullerenes" characterized by C n with n> 100, nanotubes and nanoparticles, and carbon nanotubes show promise Applications including nano-scale electronic devices, high-strength materials, electronic field emission, scanning probe microscopy tips, and gas storage.
  • the preparation of fullerenes is described inter alia in the following patents: US Pat. No. 6,358,375; 5, US 177,248; US 5,227,038; 5, 275, 705; US 5,985,232. At present, five major possibilities for the synthesis of carbon nanotubes are known.
  • U.S. Patent No. 5,985,232 relates to a process for producing fullerene nanostructures which comprises combusting an unsaturated hydrocarbon and oxygen in a non-arc discharge combustion chamber at reduced pressure to produce a flame, collecting the condensable portions of the flame, wherein the condensable parts include fullerene nanostructures and carbon black, and comprising separating the fullerene nanostructures from the carbon black.
  • the obligatory separation of the fullerene structures from the carbon black can be carried out by known extraction and purification methods. These include simple and Soxhlet extraction in solvents of different polarity.
  • the condensable parts may also be carried out by electrostatic separation techniques or by inert separation using aerodynamic forces.
  • HPLC is described as suitable for the separation and purification of the fullerene structures.
  • the US '232 is no further processing of the resulting in fullerene production carbonaceous residue to remove.
  • the present invention provides a process for further processing the carbonaceous residue from fullerene and carbon nanostructure production, characterized in that the residue is functionalized by incorporation of chemical substituents.
  • the inventors of the present invention have found that the carbonaceous residue obtained upon fullerene or carbon nanostructure fabrication has valuable properties after functionalization. Specifically, it is shown in the examples that gum / carbon black / silane compounds made with the functionalized residue of this invention have typical behavior for low roll loss blends versus rubber compounds made with known carbon blacks.
  • Figure 1 shows a TEM image of a fullerene residue obtained from a plasma process. We clearly see the total coverage of the soot surface by fullerene-like carbon layers. These fullerene structures are most likely obtained by condensing fullerenes, fullerene precursors or fullerene condensates during or after the quenching phase.
  • Figure 2 shows a graph describing the evolution of the cross-linking isotherm of the mixtures over time.
  • the functionalized fullerene black clearly shows the strong interaction between carbon black and polymer compared to normal carbon black.
  • Figure 3 shows the dependency of tan delta on temperature for different rubber compounds.
  • the mixture containing the fullerene black shows an identical behavior as the mixtures based on silicic acid.
  • the reference carbon black shows the typical soot behavior, high tan delta values at high temperatures and low tan delta at low temperatures.
  • Figure 4 shows the module as a function of the temperature. Again, we see a complete overlay of results achieved with the silica mixtures.
  • Carbonaceous residue from fullerene and carbon nanostructure production means a residue that contains a substantial proportion of fullerene-like nanostructures, and the proportion of fullerene-type carbon compounds is determined by the presence of 5- or 6-membered carbon rings that form curved layers
  • the proportion of fullerene-like carbon nanostructures is usually close to 100%, but may be less, but the need to allow functionalization that produces a significant change in the properties of the carbon black is preferred the proportion of 80% to 100%, however, this preferred proportion may change with the application.
  • the carbonaceous residue is obtained by ablation of a carbon electrode by means of an arc, laser or solar energy.
  • a method described for arc ablation is available from Journet, C. et al., Nature 388 (1997), 756.
  • a method suitable for laser ablation of carbon and to obtain a carbonaceous residue is described in Thess, A. et al., Science 273 (1996), 483.
  • a process suitable for the preparation of a carbonaceous residue by chemical vapor deposition of hydrocarbons is described in Ivanov et al., Chem Phys. Lett. 223, 329 (1994).
  • a manufacturing process using plasma technology is described in Taiwanese Patent Application No. 93107706.
  • a solar energy process suitable for the preparation of a carbonaceous residue is described in Fields et al., US Pat. 6,077,401.
  • the carbonaceous residue can be obtained by incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons. For example, fullerene production was observed in flames of premixed benzene / acetylene (Baum et al., Ber. Bunsenges Phys., Chem., 96 (1992), 841-847.)
  • Other examples of the preparation of a carbonaceous residue are suitable hydrocarbons for combustion ethylene, toluene, propylene, butylene, naphthalene, or other polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, especially petroleum, heavy oil, and tar, may also be used, and materials derived from coal, kerogen, and biomass, which mainly contain hydrocarbons, may be used, as well as other elements Nitrogen, May contain sulfur and oxygen.
  • a particularly preferred process for the combustion of hydrocarbons is described in US 5,985,232.
  • the carbonaceous residue can be obtained by treating carbon powder in a thermal plasma in addition to fullerenes.
  • the carbonaceous residue can be obtained by recondensation of carbon in an inert or partially inert atmosphere.
  • PCT / EP94 / 03211 describes a process for converting carbon in a plasma gas. Fullerenes and carbon nanotubes can also be made by this method.
  • the carbonaceous residue is prepared by the following steps, preferably in this order:
  • ⁇ A plasma is generated with electrical energy.
  • a carbon precursor and / or one or more contact substances or catalysts and a carrier plasma gas are introduced into a reaction zone.
  • This reaction zone is optionally in an airtight high temperature resistant vessel.
  • the carbon precursor is preferably vaporized at a temperature of 4000 ° C or higher in part at very high temperatures in this vessel.
  • the carrier plasma gas, the vaporized carbon precursor and the contact material are passed through a nozzle whose diameter is in the direction of the
  • Plasma gas flow narrows, expands or remains constant
  • the carrier plasma gas, vaporized carbon precursor and contact material are passed through the nozzle into a quench zone for nucleation, growth and quenching.
  • This quench zone is operated under flow conditions operated by aerodynamic and electromagnetic forces such that there is no appreciable return of feedstock or products from the quench zone to the reaction zone.
  • the gas temperature in the quench zone is controlled between about 4000 ° C in the upper part of this zone and about 800 ° C in the lower part of this zone.
  • the carbon precursor used may be a solid carbon material comprising one or more of the following materials: carbon black, acetylene black, thermal black, graphite, coke, plasma carbon nanostructures, pyrolitic carbon, carbon airgel, activated carbon, or any other solid carbon material.
  • the carbon precursor used may be a hydrocarbon, which preferably consists of one or more of the following: methane, ethane, ethylene, acetylene, propane, propylene, heavy oil, waste oil, pyrolysis fuel oil or any other liquid carbon material.
  • the carbon precursor may also be any organic molecule, for example
  • Vegetable fats such as rapeseed oil.
  • the gas that produces a carbon precursor and / or plasma includes and consists of one or more of the following gases: hydrogen, nitrogen, argon, helium, or any other pure carbon-free gas that is preferably oxygen-free.
  • Particularly preferred is the carbon, carbon black, graphite, another carbon allotrope or a mixture thereof.
  • the carbonaceous residue obtained in the fullerene and / or carbon nanostructure production by introducing chemical Functionalized substituents.
  • the functionalization reactions can be carried out during or after the preparation.
  • the functionalization reactions comprise one or more of the following reactions:
  • the residue preferably by an oxidizing agent, more preferably the oxidizing agent is potassium permanganate.
  • halogenating agent preferably the halogenating agent is chlorine or bromine.
  • the functionalized carbonaceous residue is useful as a hydroxylating agent.
  • the functionalized carbonaceous residue is also useful as a wetting agent in aqueous systems.
  • the inventively iun Erasmusal instrumente residue know a similar behavior as silica in rubber compounds.
  • the residue when used in rubber compounds inversion of the loss tangent in the temperature range of -30 ° C to 100 ° C. This feature allows use in tire treads where better low temperature adhesion and reduced rolling resistance at higher temperatures is desired.
  • Another application of the functionalized carbonaceous residue is as a modifier by the tethered remote functionalization.
  • rotaxanes, catenanes, ion sensors and porphyrin conjugates can be made that are otherwise difficult to access.
  • the functionalized carbonaceous residue can be used for condensing amines with organic acids.
  • the functionalized carbonaceous residue can be used here for the polymerization of, for example, cyclopentadiene.
  • Mixture preparation The mixtures were produced in four stages on a measuring mixer system "Haake Polylab Rheomix 600" and on a laboratory rolling mill.
  • Stage 1 Basic mixing stage (measuring mixer)
  • Stage 2 Remill stage 1 (measuring mixer)
  • Stage 3 Remill stage 2 (measuring mixer)
  • Stage 4 Mixing up sulfur and accelerators (rolling mill) Between the individual stages, the mixture skins were stored at room temperature for 24 h. The reached batch temperatures in the first 3 stages were between 150 and 160 ° C.
  • the parameters of the mixture preparation are as follows:
  • vulcanization 2 mm thick test panels were vulcanized at 160 ° C.
  • the vulcanization time was tgo + 2 minutes.
  • the mixture based on the hydroxylated fullerene residue shows the same image in Figure 3 as the silica mixture. Compared to the reference soot, we observe a spectacular increase in the loss tangent at low temperatures and a noticeably lower tangent at higher temperatures.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de retraitement des résidus carbonés provenant de la production de nanostructures de fullerène et de carbone, ce procédé étant caractérisé en ce que lesdits résidus sont fonctionnalisés par introduction de substituants chimiques et en ce que la fonctionnalisation est effectuée pendant ou après la production. L'invention concerne en outre les résidus carbonés fonctionnalisés pouvant être obtenus par ce procédé, ainsi que leur utilisation comme agents d'hydroxylation, agents mouillants, comme additifs dans des composés de caoutchouc et pour la fonctionnalisation à distance reposant sur un câble d'attache.
EP06754848A 2005-04-26 2006-04-25 Procede de retraitement des residus resultant de la production de nanostructures de fullerene et de carbone Withdrawn EP1879965A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005019301A DE102005019301A1 (de) 2005-04-26 2005-04-26 Verfahren zur Weiterverarbeitung des bei der Fulleren- und Kohlenstoff-Nanostrukturen-Herstellung anfallenden Rückstandes
PCT/EP2006/061825 WO2006114419A2 (fr) 2005-04-26 2006-04-25 Procede de retraitement des residus resultant de la production de nanostructures de fullerene et de carbone

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1879965A2 true EP1879965A2 (fr) 2008-01-23

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Family Applications (1)

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EP06754848A Withdrawn EP1879965A2 (fr) 2005-04-26 2006-04-25 Procede de retraitement des residus resultant de la production de nanostructures de fullerene et de carbone

Country Status (13)

Country Link
US (1) US20080279749A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1879965A2 (fr)
JP (1) JP2008539152A (fr)
KR (1) KR20080005577A (fr)
CN (1) CN101248143A (fr)
AU (1) AU2006239347A1 (fr)
BR (1) BRPI0610766A2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2606031A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102005019301A1 (fr)
EA (1) EA200702333A1 (fr)
MX (1) MX2007013303A (fr)
TW (1) TW200708476A (fr)
WO (1) WO2006114419A2 (fr)

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CN103172063A (zh) * 2011-12-22 2013-06-26 大连理工大学 一种利用富勒烯烟灰萃余物制备活性炭的方法
CN102936360A (zh) * 2012-11-20 2013-02-20 北京汽车股份有限公司 富勒烯或其衍生物改性的橡胶组合物及轮胎胎面
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US10370539B2 (en) 2014-01-30 2019-08-06 Monolith Materials, Inc. System for high temperature chemical processing
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CA2975723C (fr) 2015-02-03 2023-08-22 Monolith Materials, Inc. Procede et appareil de refroidissement par recuperation
CN111601447A (zh) 2015-07-29 2020-08-28 巨石材料公司 Dc等离子体焰炬电力设计方法和设备
CN108352493B (zh) * 2015-09-14 2022-03-08 巨石材料公司 由天然气制造炭黑
CA3060565C (fr) 2016-04-29 2024-03-12 Monolith Materials, Inc. Procede et appareil de gougeage au chalumeau
MX2018013162A (es) 2016-04-29 2019-07-04 Monolith Mat Inc Adicion de calor secundario para el proceso y aparato de produccion de particulas.
MX2019010619A (es) 2017-03-08 2019-12-19 Monolith Mat Inc Sistemas y metodos para fabricar particulas de carbono con gas de transferencia termica.
EP3612600A4 (fr) 2017-04-20 2021-01-27 Monolith Materials, Inc. Systèmes et procédés particulaires
WO2019084200A1 (fr) 2017-10-24 2019-05-02 Monolith Materials, Inc. Systèmes particulaires et procédés

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2008539152A (ja) 2008-11-13
WO2006114419A2 (fr) 2006-11-02
DE102005019301A1 (de) 2006-11-02
CA2606031A1 (fr) 2006-11-02
BRPI0610766A2 (pt) 2010-07-20
CN101248143A (zh) 2008-08-20
MX2007013303A (es) 2008-02-25
KR20080005577A (ko) 2008-01-14
TW200708476A (en) 2007-03-01
WO2006114419A3 (fr) 2007-01-11
AU2006239347A1 (en) 2006-11-02
US20080279749A1 (en) 2008-11-13
EA200702333A1 (ru) 2008-02-28

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