EP1876296A2 - Method and device for removing ferrous material from a railway line - Google Patents
Method and device for removing ferrous material from a railway line Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1876296A2 EP1876296A2 EP07111925A EP07111925A EP1876296A2 EP 1876296 A2 EP1876296 A2 EP 1876296A2 EP 07111925 A EP07111925 A EP 07111925A EP 07111925 A EP07111925 A EP 07111925A EP 1876296 A2 EP1876296 A2 EP 1876296A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- particulate material
- magnetic field
- railway line
- magnet
- lumps
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 14
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 122
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 15
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
- E01H8/00—Removing undesirable matter from the permanent way of railways; Removing undesirable matter from tramway rails
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B27/00—Placing, renewing, working, cleaning, or taking-up the ballast, with or without concurrent work on the track; Devices therefor; Packing sleepers
- E01B27/06—Renewing or cleaning the ballast in situ, with or without concurrent work on the track
- E01B27/10—Renewing or cleaning the ballast in situ, with or without concurrent work on the track without taking-up track
- E01B27/102—Removing unwanted material without removing the ballast
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
- E01H1/00—Removing undesirable matter from roads or like surfaces, with or without moistening of the surface
- E01H1/14—Removing by magnetic effect
Definitions
- the invention relates to the maintenance of railway lines.
- it relates to both railway lines which are founded on a concrete slab and railway lines which are founded in a ballast bed.
- pollution such as iron particles which are released during grinding of the rails
- ends up on the foundation and may lead to problems.
- the iron particles which end up on a concrete slab may swirl up when a train passes and end up on the rails. This problem occurs to a lesser degree with railway lines which are founded in a ballast bed from pebbles and the like.
- Such iron particles result, first and foremost, from the fact that, after the rails have been laid, the rolling skin has to be removed therefrom.
- This rolling skin is created during the manufacturing process and can only be removed after the rails have been fixed in the correct position.
- the grinding procedure used for the removal of this rolling skin ensures that the running surfaces of the rails are of the appropriate quality, and also contributes to the correct spatial orientation of these running surfaces. Particularly with high-speed trains, this orientation is very important in order to ensure a smooth ride.
- particulate material such as iron particles and quartz particles swirl up as a result of the suction generated by the passing railway traffic.
- this object is achieved by a method for removing particulate material (7, 23) from a railway line (1) which comprises a foundation (3) and rails (2) which are raised with respect to the foundation, which particulate material (7, 23) at least comprises magnetizable particles, such as abraded iron material (23) or lumps of abraded iron material, which method comprises the steps of:
- the swirled-up particulate material in particular iron particles
- these swirled-up particles can be removed in a reliable manner by this magnetic field, which is important, in particular with railway lines having a concrete foundation.
- this concrete foundation contains a reinforcement made from iron material, which reinforcement is also affected by the magnetic field.
- the result of a reinforcement which has been magnetized in this way is that iron particles which may be present on the foundation are attracted by the reinforcement. However, as soon as such iron particles become attached to the foundation in such a manner, they are less easy to remove.
- the iron particles are prevented from being attracted by the reinforcement which has been magnetized on account of the magnetic field. After all, the iron particles are made to swirl up in such a manner that they are outside the influence of the reinforcement, which means that they can subsequently be removed by the magnetic field. The fact that the reinforcement is also magnetized on account of the magnetic field which removes the iron particles therefore then no longer plays a part in the removal of these iron particles.
- the method according to the invention also comprises the step of:
- the method according to the invention may be carried out in various ways. According to a first possibility, the method according to the invention comprises the steps of:
- the method according to the invention may comprise the step of directing the flows of fluid towards one another.
- the method may comprise the step of causing the flows of fluid to collide with one another.
- Producing the desired flow of fluid may be achieved by means of spray nozzles (13) on either side of the one rail (2) and by means of spray nozzles (13) on either side of the other rail (2).
- the method may furthermore comprise the step of:
- the iron particles are swirled up only a short time before they are subjected to the magnetic field, they are still in a swirled-up state so that they can be directly displaced and removed by the magnetic field. However, it is not necessary to first make the iron particles swirl. Making the iron particles swirl and applying a magnetic field may also take place approximately simultaneously, provided that it is always ensured that the iron particles do not end up in a position where they are attracted by the iron reinforcement of the foundation which has been magnetized on account of the magnetic field.
- Removing the particulate material may be effected in various ways.
- the particulate material can be carried away by an endless conveyor belt, behind which the magnet is situated.
- a simple solution comprises attracting the particulate material to a magnet which is in a collecting position under the effect of the magnetic field.
- Such a magnet with particulate material attached thereto can then be displaced periodically from the collecting position to the container.
- the magnetic field is reduced or cancelled in order to deposit the particulate material in the container.
- the magnet can be returned to the collecting position, and the magnetic field is restored. It is also possible to remove lumps of abraded iron material in the same manner.
- the invention also relates to a device for carrying out the above-described method, comprising a trolley (8) which is movable along a railway line (1) having a gauge, a magnet structure (12), carrier means (11) for carrying the magnet (12) in such a position with respect to the railway line (1) that particulate material (7, 23) or lumps of abraded iron material situated on that railway line (1) are within the magnetic field generated by the magnet structure (12), and fluid spray means (13, 14) for releasing the particulate material (7, 23) from the railway line (1).
- the fluid spray means have a spraying range which has a width which is larger than the gauge.
- all the ferrous particulate material which is situated between and also next to the rails can be swirled up.
- the spraying range of the fluid spray means has a regular or continuous pattern.
- several spray nozzles may be provided with a maximum distance between them which is larger than the gauge.
- An example which may be mentioned is the embodiment in which at least three spray nozzles are provided which are evenly distributed in the width direction of the trolley. It is also possible to use more than three, for example four, six or more spray nozzles next to one another.
- the spray nozzles are also spaced apart from one another in the longitudinal direction of the trolley.
- spray nozzles are provided on either side of the magnet structure, viewed in the longitudinal direction of the trolley.
- the ferrous particulate material which is situated beneath the magnet structures is reliably swirled up.
- the spray nozzles are prevented from producing a continuous flow in one direction, for example directed backwards or to the front. The drawback of such a continuous flow in a specific direction is that there is the risk that the particulate ferrous material could be blown away before it can be caught by the magnetic field.
- the magnet structure is preferably designed in such a manner that it provides a magnetic field, the width of which is greater than the gauge.
- the magnet structure may comprise three magnets which are situated next to one another in the width direction and the maximum width of which is greater than the gauge.
- the two outer magnets may be designed to fold up. As a result, the outer magnets may protrude far laterally with respect to the railway line, while forming no obstacle in the folded-up state when passing platforms and the like.
- a further device is known from European patent 954,642 .
- a magnetic collecting device is arranged in front of the agitating means in the direction of movement of the device over the railway line.
- this problem is solved by positioning the magnet, viewed in the direction of travel of the trolley, behind or at the same level as the swirl of particulate material to be produced by the agitating means.
- Such an orientation and position of the agitating means and the magnet with respect to one another prevents the iron particles from already adhering to the concrete foundation before they can be removed.
- the particles can be discharged in a reliable manner and without requiring a great force, for example by means of a jet of liquid.
- the device is furthermore provided with transfer means for transferring the magnet between from the position with respect to the railway line where particulate material or lumps of abraded iron material which are on the railway line are within the magnetic field generated by the magnet and a position with respect to the container where particulate material or lumps of abraded iron material which adhere to the magnet can be collected therein.
- transfer means may be designed in a variety of different ways, but according to a simple and practical variant, the transfer means may comprise a wheeled vehicle provided with an articulated hydraulic arm, from which arm the magnet is suspended.
- the magnets are preferably electromagnets.
- the device according to the invention and illustrated in Fig. 1 is situated on a railway line 1 comprising two raised rails 2 (one of which is shown) and a concrete foundation 3.
- This concrete foundation 3 comprises an iron reinforcement 4, embedded in a layer of concrete 5.
- the rails 2 are fastened to the concrete foundation 3 by means of fastening means which are denoted overall by reference numeral 6.
- this layer of dust 7 may also contain quartz which was formed during setting of the layer of concrete 5.
- Such a layer of fine dust 7 comprising hard materials such as iron and quartz is highly undesirable, because such materials may end up on the running surfaces of the rails 2, as a result of which indentations may form.
- the device according to the invention as illustrated in Fig. 1, is used.
- This device comprises a trolley 8, which has a chassis 9 and wheels 10.
- a carrier 11 is provided for the magnet structure 12, which preferably comprises electromagnets.
- spray nozzles 13 are fitted to the chassis 9, which spray nozzles 13 are fed by the compressor 14.
- the magnet structure 12 can be energized by means of the power source 15.
- a container 19 is provided on the trolley 8, into which container 19 the dirt which has been collected can be deposited.
- the trolley 8 is coupled to the wheeled vehicle 16, which is provided with an articulated arm 17.
- a magnet structure 12 is suspended from this articulated arm 17 by means of the connecting piece 18.
- the magnet structure 12 can be moved between its carrier 11 and the container 19 by means of this articulated arm 17.
- the wheeled vehicle 16 together with the trolley 8 coupled thereto is moved along the railway line 1, namely to the right in Fig. 1, in the direction of arrow 20.
- a flow of air 21 is dispensed by the spray nozzles 13, in such a manner that the layer of fine dust 7 on the concrete foundation 3 is swirled up to form a cloud 22, as illustrated in Fig. 2.
- the magnet structure 12 is energized in such a manner that ferrous particulate material 23 from the layer of fine dust 7 adheres to the magnet structure 12. In this connection, it is important that the particles are already swirling before the reinforcement 4 of the concrete foundation 3 is magnetized by the magnetic field generated by the magnet structure 12.
- the ferrous particles 23 can no longer be attracted to the surface 24 of the concrete foundation 3 on account of the magnetized reinforcement 4.
- This may be achieved by providing the spray nozzle 13 slightly upstream of the magnet structure 12, viewed in the direction of travel 20. Spray nozzles 13 are also provided on the other side of the magnet structure 12, as is illustrated in the top view from Fig. 3, in such a manner that the swirled-up particulate material can remain localized to the area beneath the magnet structure 12. It is thus impossible for a flow in one direction to occur which would blow the particulate material away before it is caught by the magnetic field of the magnet structure 12.
- the spray nozzles 13 and the magnet structure 12 are oriented in this way with respect to one another, as long as it is ensured that the position of the spray nozzles 13 is such that the swirling action has started before the magnetic field of the magnet structure 12 takes effect. In other words, it has to be ensured that the ferrous particles 23 of the layer of fine dust 7 cannot be attracted to the surface 24 of the concrete foundation 3 by the magnetic field, but can be made to swirl.
- the magnet structure 12 it is possible to use the magnet structure 12 to also remove lumps of abraded iron material, which result from the use of water and an abrasive, from the railway line.
- the progress of the device along the railway line 1 is interrupted.
- the magnet structure 12 together with the amount of ferrous particles 23 or lumps of abraded iron material which adhere thereto, is lifted from the carrier 11 and moved to a position above the container 19. In this position, the excitation of the magnet structure 12 is cancelled, so that the particles 23 or lumps of abraded iron material fall into the container 19. Then, the magnet structure 12 is moved back onto the carrier 11 by means of the articulated arm 17, after which the progress of the device according to the invention along the railway line 1 can be resumed.
- quartz particles there are also quartz particles on the concrete foundation 3. These quartz particles cannot be removed by means of the magnet structure 12, but conventional suction devices (not shown) can be used for the removal thereof which are known per se.
- FIGs 4 and 5 a front view of the magnet structure 12 is illustrated.
- This magnet structure comprises three magnets 25, 26.
- the central magnet 25 extends between the two rails 2 and the magnets 26 are outside the rails 2. In this way, the region of the foundation both between and adjoining the rails 2 can be covered by the magnet structure 12.
- the spray nozzles 13 are not above but next to the rails 2, namely in front of and behind the magnet structure 12 viewed in the direction of travel 20.
- the spray nozzles 13 the entire area of the foundation 3 which is covered by the magnet structure 12, can be influenced by the flow of fluid which emanates from the spray nozzles 13 positioned in this way.
- spray nozzles 13 Although six spray nozzles 13 are illustrated in Figures 3-5, it is also possible to use fewer or more spray nozzles, depending on the practical results. It is also possible to use spray nozzles with wide exit apertures, so that the entire region of the foundation 3 under the magnet structure 12 can still be swirled up, if desired, using fewer of such spray nozzles.
- the outer magnets 26 are designed to be folded up. These magnets 26 are attached to bearing arms 27 which, in turn, are fastened to the magnet 25 by means of hinges 28. Under the effect of hydraulic piston/cylinder devices 29, the magnets 26 can be folded up or folded out. In the folded-up position, the magnet structure 12 is so narrow that it is possible to pass rail sections along platforms and the like without problems.
- the spray nozzles 13 are illustrated diagrammatically.
- the ducts, such as flexible hoses, by means of which the pressurized fluid is supplied to the spray nozzles 13 from the compressor 14, are not illustrated for the sake of clarity.
- the spray nozzles or jet nozzles 13 are arranged in such a manner that they face both sides of the adjacent rail, as indicated diagrammatically by the arrows.
- This direction is also indicated in Fig. 4, which figure also shows that the jets are directed at the core of the respective rails 2, that is to say the relatively narrow section just below the wide head and above the wide base. Abraded iron material which has collected there can therefore be swirled up in a reliable manner.
- the jets which are directed in such a manner cause a swirl over the entire width of the railway line and, as has already been mentioned above, also outside the rails, in the width direction.
- the distance between the, in the width direction outer, spray nozzles 13 is greater than the gauge.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Cleaning In General (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Vehicle Cleaning, Maintenance, Repair, Refitting, And Outriggers (AREA)
Abstract
- causing the particulate material to swirl up,
- subjecting the swirled-up particulate material to a magnetic field,
- removing the particulate material under the effect of this magnetic field.
Description
- The invention relates to the maintenance of railway lines. In particular, in this case, it relates to both railway lines which are founded on a concrete slab and railway lines which are founded in a ballast bed. In the case of such railway lines, the problem occurs that pollution, such as iron particles which are released during grinding of the rails, ends up on the foundation and may lead to problems. The iron particles which end up on a concrete slab, may swirl up when a train passes and end up on the rails. This problem occurs to a lesser degree with railway lines which are founded in a ballast bed from pebbles and the like. However, with such a traditional foundation, pollution may nevertheless result from the fact that, due to the use of water and abrasive, relatively large lumps of abraded iron material can be formed which may end up on the ballast bed. Such lumps of abraded iron material usually have to be removed by hand, which is cumbersome and time-consuming. With such railway lines, the fine particles of the abraded iron material usually disappear into the gaps between the pebbles, which means that it is no longer free to move and remains trapped in the ballast bed.
- Such iron particles result, first and foremost, from the fact that, after the rails have been laid, the rolling skin has to be removed therefrom. This rolling skin is created during the manufacturing process and can only be removed after the rails have been fixed in the correct position. The grinding procedure used for the removal of this rolling skin ensures that the running surfaces of the rails are of the appropriate quality, and also contributes to the correct spatial orientation of these running surfaces. Particularly with high-speed trains, this orientation is very important in order to ensure a smooth ride.
- However, it is not only with newly laid rails that such a grinding procedure has to be carried out. After a certain amount of time which, depending on the intensity of the railway traffic, may for example be one or two years, the rails have to be ground again in order to remove the consequence of wear. During all these grinding activities, abraded iron material is formed which eventually ends up on the foundation of the railway line in the form of fine iron particles or as lumps of abraded iron material.
- With railway lines which are founded on a concrete slab, there is the further problem that the top layer of the concrete material does not always set in the desired way. This may result in fine dust being present on the concrete slab which has a high quartz content. Quartz material is of great hardness, which may result in problems during use of the railway line.
- The fact is that, during use, particulate material such as iron particles and quartz particles swirl up as a result of the suction generated by the passing railway traffic. The higher the speed of the railway traffic, the greater this suction becomes. Said problems therefore occur more often with railway lines which are used by high-speed trains. After such particulate material has swirled up, part of it ends up on the running surfaces of the rails. If then a subsequent train drives over the running surface covered in particulate material, the following problem occurs.
- Due to the iron particles and the quartz particles being quite hard, they are not crushed between the wheels of the passing train and the running surfaces of the rails, but rather pressed into the running surfaces of the rails. This results in a significant deterioration in the quality and smoothness of the running surfaces, which is a problem, particularly with high-speed trains. For the latter, it is necessary that the running surfaces meet high requirements regarding quality and smoothness so as to be able to ensure an acceptable and comfortable ride.
- It is therefore an object of the invention, firstly, to provide a method with which both ferrous particulate material and lumps of abraded iron material can be efficiently removed from a railway line. In particular, but not exclusively, this method has to be suitable for treating railway lines which have a concrete foundation and which therefore have an iron reinforcement. This object is achieved by a method for removing particulate material (7, 23) from a railway line (1) which comprises a foundation (3) and rails (2) which are raised with respect to the foundation, which particulate material (7, 23) at least comprises magnetizable particles, such as abraded iron material (23) or lumps of abraded iron material, which method comprises the steps of:
- causing the particulate material (7, 23) to swirl up on account of a flow of fluid,
- subjecting the swirled-up particulate material (7, 23) to a magnetic field,
- removing the particulate material (7, 23) under the effect of this magnetic field,
- providing the flow of fluid both on either side of the one rail (2) and on either side of the other rail (2).
- With the method according to the invention, the swirled-up particulate material, in particular iron particles, are subjected to a magnetic field. As a result thereof, these swirled-up particles can be removed in a reliable manner by this magnetic field, which is important, in particular with railway lines having a concrete foundation. As has already been mentioned, this concrete foundation contains a reinforcement made from iron material, which reinforcement is also affected by the magnetic field. The result of a reinforcement which has been magnetized in this way is that iron particles which may be present on the foundation are attracted by the reinforcement. However, as soon as such iron particles become attached to the foundation in such a manner, they are less easy to remove.
- However, with the method according to the invention, the iron particles are prevented from being attracted by the reinforcement which has been magnetized on account of the magnetic field. After all, the iron particles are made to swirl up in such a manner that they are outside the influence of the reinforcement, which means that they can subsequently be removed by the magnetic field. The fact that the reinforcement is also magnetized on account of the magnetic field which removes the iron particles therefore then no longer plays a part in the removal of these iron particles.
- Reference is made to the prior art, as is known from
European patent 954,642 - However, the problem with this known method is that when it is used on a railway line having a concrete foundation and an iron reinforcement, this reinforcement becomes magnetized and thus attracts iron particles. It is then no longer readily possible to remove these iron particles by means of a suction device, which is also evident from the fact that a high-pressure jet of liquid must be used with this known method.
- Further reference is made to the prior art, such as is known from
US patent 6,464,083 . This patent relates to the treatment of ferrous material, such as chips which result during the processing of metal in a factory environment. A recessed railway line is provided in the floor of the factory environment, the rails of which are situated in the recessed grooves. In these grooves, chips and the like may collect, which may pose problems for trains. The chips have to be removed from the grooves by means of a trolley having two spray nozzles which are located directly above the rails. The trolley also has magnets which are to collect the ferrous particles from the grooves. Such a device is not suitable for use with a railway line which comprises a foundation having raised rails, as the ferrous particles are not at the location of the rails but spread over a wide area inbetween and adjoining the rails. - Preferably, the method according to the invention also comprises the step of:
- providing the magnetic field both on either side of the one rail (2) and on either side of the other rail (2). By means of the method according to the invention, it is also possible to remove lumps of abraded iron material by energizing the magnet.
- The method according to the invention may be carried out in various ways. According to a first possibility, the method according to the invention comprises the steps of:
- providing flows of fluid which are at a distance apart from each other in the longitudinal direction of the railway line (1),
- enclosing the magnetic field between the flows of fluid.
- As an alternative or in addition thereto, the method according to the invention may comprise the step of directing the flows of fluid towards one another. In addition, the method may comprise the step of causing the flows of fluid to collide with one another.
- Producing the desired flow of fluid may be achieved by means of spray nozzles (13) on either side of the one rail (2) and by means of spray nozzles (13) on either side of the other rail (2).
- The method may furthermore comprise the step of:
- firstly causing the particulate material to swirl up,
- subsequently subjecting the swirled-up particulate material to the magnetic field.
- If the iron particles are swirled up only a short time before they are subjected to the magnetic field, they are still in a swirled-up state so that they can be directly displaced and removed by the magnetic field. However, it is not necessary to first make the iron particles swirl. Making the iron particles swirl and applying a magnetic field may also take place approximately simultaneously, provided that it is always ensured that the iron particles do not end up in a position where they are attracted by the iron reinforcement of the foundation which has been magnetized on account of the magnetic field.
- Removing the particulate material may be effected in various ways. In a known way, the particulate material can be carried away by an endless conveyor belt, behind which the magnet is situated. However, a simple solution comprises attracting the particulate material to a magnet which is in a collecting position under the effect of the magnetic field. Such a magnet with particulate material attached thereto can then be displaced periodically from the collecting position to the container. Once the magnet has been moved to the container, the magnetic field is reduced or cancelled in order to deposit the particulate material in the container. Subsequently, the magnet can be returned to the collecting position, and the magnetic field is restored. It is also possible to remove lumps of abraded iron material in the same manner.
- The invention also relates to a device for carrying out the above-described method, comprising a trolley (8) which is movable along a railway line (1) having a gauge, a magnet structure (12), carrier means (11) for carrying the magnet (12) in such a position with respect to the railway line (1) that particulate material (7, 23) or lumps of abraded iron material situated on that railway line (1) are within the magnetic field generated by the magnet structure (12), and fluid spray means (13, 14) for releasing the particulate material (7, 23) from the railway line (1).
- Such a device is known from
US patent 6,464,083 , as cited above. This known device concerns treating rails which are recessed and a floor, for example the surrounding floor. For the abovementioned reasons, this known device is not suitable for use with railway lines having rails which are raised with respect to the foundation. - It is therefore also an object of the invention to provide a device which is suitable for use with such a railway line. This object is achieved by the fact that the fluid spray means have a spraying range which has a width which is larger than the gauge. Using such fluid spray means, having a large and wide spraying range, all the ferrous particulate material which is situated between and also next to the rails can be swirled up. This can, for example, also be achieved if the spraying range of the fluid spray means has a regular or continuous pattern. In that case, several spray nozzles may be provided with a maximum distance between them which is larger than the gauge. An example which may be mentioned is the embodiment in which at least three spray nozzles are provided which are evenly distributed in the width direction of the trolley. It is also possible to use more than three, for example four, six or more spray nozzles next to one another.
- Good results can also be achieved if the spray nozzles are also spaced apart from one another in the longitudinal direction of the trolley. In that case, spray nozzles are provided on either side of the magnet structure, viewed in the longitudinal direction of the trolley. In that case, the ferrous particulate material which is situated beneath the magnet structures is reliably swirled up. In addition, the spray nozzles are prevented from producing a continuous flow in one direction, for example directed backwards or to the front. The drawback of such a continuous flow in a specific direction is that there is the risk that the particulate ferrous material could be blown away before it can be caught by the magnetic field.
- Furthermore, the magnet structure is preferably designed in such a manner that it provides a magnetic field, the width of which is greater than the gauge. In particular, the magnet structure may comprise three magnets which are situated next to one another in the width direction and the maximum width of which is greater than the gauge. With this embodiment, the two outer magnets may be designed to fold up. As a result, the outer magnets may protrude far laterally with respect to the railway line, while forming no obstacle in the folded-up state when passing platforms and the like.
- A further device is known from
European patent 954,642 - According to the invention, this problem is solved by positioning the magnet, viewed in the direction of travel of the trolley, behind or at the same level as the swirl of particulate material to be produced by the agitating means. Such an orientation and position of the agitating means and the magnet with respect to one another prevents the iron particles from already adhering to the concrete foundation before they can be removed. As the particles are magnetized in the swirled-up state, they can be discharged in a reliable manner and without requiring a great force, for example by means of a jet of liquid.
- Obviously, it is also possible to remove lumps of abraded iron material and the like from the railway line by means of the (energized) magnet.
- According to the invention, the device is furthermore provided with transfer means for transferring the magnet between from the position with respect to the railway line where particulate material or lumps of abraded iron material which are on the railway line are within the magnetic field generated by the magnet and a position with respect to the container where particulate material or lumps of abraded iron material which adhere to the magnet can be collected therein. These transfer means may be designed in a variety of different ways, but according to a simple and practical variant, the transfer means may comprise a wheeled vehicle provided with an articulated hydraulic arm, from which arm the magnet is suspended.
- The magnets are preferably electromagnets.
- Below, the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an exemplary embodiment of the device according to the invention illustrated in the figures, in which:
- Fig. 1 shows a side view of the device according to the invention on a railway line.
- Fig. 2 shows an enlarged detail of the side view from Fig. 1.
- Fig. 3 shows a top view of the railway line at the location of the magnet structure.
- Fig. 4 shows a front view of the magnet structure, in the folded-out state.
- Fig. 5 shows a front view of the magnet structure in the folded-up state.
- The device according to the invention and illustrated in Fig. 1 is situated on a
railway line 1 comprising two raised rails 2 (one of which is shown) and aconcrete foundation 3. Thisconcrete foundation 3 comprises aniron reinforcement 4, embedded in a layer ofconcrete 5. Therails 2 are fastened to theconcrete foundation 3 by means of fastening means which are denoted overall byreference numeral 6. Due to circumstances, such as grinding or wear of therails 2, there is a layer offine dust 7 on theconcrete foundation 3, which essentially comprises iron particles. In addition thereto, this layer ofdust 7 may also contain quartz which was formed during setting of the layer ofconcrete 5. - Such a layer of
fine dust 7 comprising hard materials such as iron and quartz is highly undesirable, because such materials may end up on the running surfaces of therails 2, as a result of which indentations may form. For the removal of the iron particles, the device according to the invention, as illustrated in Fig. 1, is used. This device comprises atrolley 8, which has achassis 9 andwheels 10. On thechassis 9, acarrier 11 is provided for themagnet structure 12, which preferably comprises electromagnets. In addition,spray nozzles 13 are fitted to thechassis 9, which spraynozzles 13 are fed by thecompressor 14. Themagnet structure 12 can be energized by means of thepower source 15. In addition, acontainer 19 is provided on thetrolley 8, into whichcontainer 19 the dirt which has been collected can be deposited. - The
trolley 8 is coupled to thewheeled vehicle 16, which is provided with an articulatedarm 17. Amagnet structure 12 is suspended from this articulatedarm 17 by means of the connectingpiece 18. Themagnet structure 12 can be moved between itscarrier 11 and thecontainer 19 by means of this articulatedarm 17. - When the device according to the invention is in use, the
wheeled vehicle 16 together with thetrolley 8 coupled thereto is moved along therailway line 1, namely to the right in Fig. 1, in the direction ofarrow 20. A flow ofair 21 is dispensed by thespray nozzles 13, in such a manner that the layer offine dust 7 on theconcrete foundation 3 is swirled up to form acloud 22, as illustrated in Fig. 2. Themagnet structure 12 is energized in such a manner that ferrousparticulate material 23 from the layer offine dust 7 adheres to themagnet structure 12. In this connection, it is important that the particles are already swirling before thereinforcement 4 of theconcrete foundation 3 is magnetized by the magnetic field generated by themagnet structure 12. Thus, theferrous particles 23 can no longer be attracted to thesurface 24 of theconcrete foundation 3 on account of themagnetized reinforcement 4. This may be achieved by providing thespray nozzle 13 slightly upstream of themagnet structure 12, viewed in the direction oftravel 20. Spraynozzles 13 are also provided on the other side of themagnet structure 12, as is illustrated in the top view from Fig. 3, in such a manner that the swirled-up particulate material can remain localized to the area beneath themagnet structure 12. It is thus impossible for a flow in one direction to occur which would blow the particulate material away before it is caught by the magnetic field of themagnet structure 12. However, it is not absolutely essential that thespray nozzles 13 and themagnet structure 12 are oriented in this way with respect to one another, as long as it is ensured that the position of thespray nozzles 13 is such that the swirling action has started before the magnetic field of themagnet structure 12 takes effect. In other words, it has to be ensured that theferrous particles 23 of the layer offine dust 7 cannot be attracted to thesurface 24 of theconcrete foundation 3 by the magnetic field, but can be made to swirl. - As has already been mentioned before, it is possible to use the
magnet structure 12 to also remove lumps of abraded iron material, which result from the use of water and an abrasive, from the railway line. - After an amount of ferrous particles 23 (or lumps of abraded iron material) has thus been collected on the
magnet structure 12, the progress of the device along therailway line 1 is interrupted. By means of the articulatedarm 17, themagnet structure 12, together with the amount offerrous particles 23 or lumps of abraded iron material which adhere thereto, is lifted from thecarrier 11 and moved to a position above thecontainer 19. In this position, the excitation of themagnet structure 12 is cancelled, so that theparticles 23 or lumps of abraded iron material fall into thecontainer 19. Then, themagnet structure 12 is moved back onto thecarrier 11 by means of the articulatedarm 17, after which the progress of the device according to the invention along therailway line 1 can be resumed. - As has already been discussed above, there are also quartz particles on the
concrete foundation 3. These quartz particles cannot be removed by means of themagnet structure 12, but conventional suction devices (not shown) can be used for the removal thereof which are known per se. - In Figures 4 and 5, a front view of the
magnet structure 12 is illustrated. This magnet structure comprises threemagnets central magnet 25 extends between the tworails 2 and themagnets 26 are outside therails 2. In this way, the region of the foundation both between and adjoining therails 2 can be covered by themagnet structure 12. As is illustrated in Fig. 3, thespray nozzles 13 are not above but next to therails 2, namely in front of and behind themagnet structure 12 viewed in the direction oftravel 20. By this arrangement of thespray nozzles 13, the entire area of thefoundation 3 which is covered by themagnet structure 12, can be influenced by the flow of fluid which emanates from thespray nozzles 13 positioned in this way. - Although six
spray nozzles 13 are illustrated in Figures 3-5, it is also possible to use fewer or more spray nozzles, depending on the practical results. It is also possible to use spray nozzles with wide exit apertures, so that the entire region of thefoundation 3 under themagnet structure 12 can still be swirled up, if desired, using fewer of such spray nozzles. - As illustrated in Figures 4 and 5, the
outer magnets 26 are designed to be folded up. Thesemagnets 26 are attached to bearingarms 27 which, in turn, are fastened to themagnet 25 by means of hinges 28. Under the effect of hydraulic piston/cylinder devices 29, themagnets 26 can be folded up or folded out. In the folded-up position, themagnet structure 12 is so narrow that it is possible to pass rail sections along platforms and the like without problems. - In the figures, the
spray nozzles 13 are illustrated diagrammatically. The ducts, such as flexible hoses, by means of which the pressurized fluid is supplied to thespray nozzles 13 from thecompressor 14, are not illustrated for the sake of clarity. - In the arrangement of the
spray nozzles 13 illustrated in Figures 3-5, a spraying range is obtained which is more or less continuous in the width direction. Directly near thespray nozzles 13, the jet is possibly slightly stronger than next to the spray nozzles, but as a result of the reflection of the jet on thefoundation 3, it is nevertheless possible to achieve such an evenness over the width of the railway line that the ferrous particulate material beneath the relativelywide magnet structure 12 can be swirled up in a reliable manner. - Such as illustrated in Fig. 3, the spray nozzles or
jet nozzles 13 are arranged in such a manner that they face both sides of the adjacent rail, as indicated diagrammatically by the arrows. This direction is also indicated in Fig. 4, which figure also shows that the jets are directed at the core of therespective rails 2, that is to say the relatively narrow section just below the wide head and above the wide base. Abraded iron material which has collected there can therefore be swirled up in a reliable manner. In addition, the jets which are directed in such a manner cause a swirl over the entire width of the railway line and, as has already been mentioned above, also outside the rails, in the width direction. The distance between the, in the width direction outer,spray nozzles 13 is greater than the gauge.
Claims (30)
- Method for removing particulate material (7, 23) from a railway line (1) which comprises a foundation (3) and rails (2) which are raised with respect to the foundation, which particulate material (7, 23) at least comprises magnetizable particles, such as abraded iron material (23) or lumps of abraded iron material, which method comprises the steps of:- causing the particulate material (7, 23) to swirl up on account of a flow of fluid,- subjecting the swirled-up particulate material (7, 23) to a magnetic field,- removing the particulate material (7, 23) under the effect of this magnetic field,characterized by:- providing the flow of fluid both on either side of the one rail (2) and on either side of the other rail (2).
- Method according to Claim 1, comprising the step of:- providing the magnetic field both on either side of the one rail (2) and on either side of the other rail (2).
- Method according to Claim 1 or 2, comprising the steps of:- providing flows of fluid which are at a distance apart from one another in the longitudinal direction of the railway line (1),- enclosing the magnetic field between flows of fluid.
- Method according to Claim 3, comprising the step of:- directing the flows of fluid towards one another.
- Method according to Claim 3 or 4, comprising the step of:- causing the flows of fluid to collide with one another.
- Method according to one of the preceding claims, comprising the step of:- providing the flow of fluid by means of spray nozzles (13) on either side of the one rail (2) and by means of spray nozzles (13) on either side of the other rail (2).
- Method according to one of the preceding claims, comprising the steps of:- firstly causing the particulate material (7, 23) to swirl up,- subsequently subjecting the swirled-up particulate material (7, 23) to the magnetic field.
- Method according to one of the preceding claims, comprising the steps of:- causing the particulate material (7, 23) to swirl up,- simultaneously subjecting the swirled-up particulate material (7, 23) to the magnetic field.
- Method according to one of the preceding claims, comprising the step of:- causing the particulate material (23) or lumps of abraded iron material to adhere to a magnet (12) which is in a collecting position under the effect of the magnetic field.
- Method according to one of the preceding claims, comprising the step of:- introducing the removed particulate material (23) or lumps of abraded iron material into a container (19).
- Method according to Claim 9 and 10, comprising the steps of:- periodically displacing the magnet (12) with particulate material (23) or lumps of abraded iron material attached thereto from the collecting position to the container (19),- cancelling or reducing the magnetic field for depositing the particulate material (23) or lumps of abraded iron material in the container (19),- returning the magnet (12) to the collecting position,- restoring the magnetic field.
- Method according to Claim 11, comprising the step of:- interrupting the swirling-up of the particulate material (7, 23) during the periodic displacement of the magnet (12).
- Method according to one of the preceding claims, comprising the step of:- carrying out a displacement along the railway line (1) while removing the particulate material (7, 23) or lumps of abraded iron material from the railway line (1).
- Method according to one of the preceding claims, comprising the step of;- causing the particulate material (7, 23) to swirl up under the effect of a swirl of air, as generated by a jet of air (21).
- Method according to one of the preceding claims, comprising the step of:- sucking up particulate material.
- Device for carrying out the method according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a trolley (8) which is movable along a railway line (1) having a gauge, a magnet structure (12), carrier means (11) for carrying the magnet (12) in such a position with respect to the railway line (1) that particulate material (7, 23) or lumps of abraded iron material situated on that railway line (1) are within the magnetic field generated by the magnet structure (12), and fluid spray means (13, 14) for releasing the particulate material (7, 23) from the railway line (1), characterized in that the fluid spray means (13, 14) have a spraying range which has a width which is larger than the gauge.
- Device according to Claim 16, wherein the spraying range of the fluid spray means (13, 14) has a regular or continuous pattern.
- Device according to Claim 16 or 17, wherein several spray nozzles (13) may be provided with a maximum distance between them which is larger than the gauge.
- Device according to one of Claims 16-18, wherein at least three spray nozzles (13) are provided which are evenly distributed in the width direction of the trolley (8).
- Device according to one of Claims 16-19, wherein, viewed in the longitudinal direction of the trolley (8), spray nozzles (13) are provided on either side of the magnet structure (12).
- Device according to one of Claims 16-20, wherein the magnet structure (12) is designed to provide a magnetic field, the width of which is greater than the gauge.
- Device according to Claim 21, wherein the magnet structure (12) comprises three magnets (25, 26) which are situated next to one another in the width direction and the maximum width of which is greater than the gauge.
- Device according to Claim 22, wherein the two outer magnets (26) are designed to be folded up.
- Device according to one of Claims 16-23, wherein the mutual distance between the spray nozzles (13) which are furthest apart in the width direction, is greater than the gauge.
- Device according to one of Claims 16-24, wherein the trolley (8) is provided with a container (19) for collecting particulate material or lumps of abraded iron material which adhere(s) to the magnet (12).
- Device according to Claim 25, wherein transfer means (16, 17) are provided for transferring the magnet structure (12) between the position with respect to the railway line (1) so that particulate material (7) or lumps of abraded iron material on said railway line (1) is/are within the magnetic field generated by the magnet structure (12), and a position with respect to the container (19) so that particulate material or lumps of abraded iron material adhering to the magnet structure (12) can be collected therein.
- Device according to Claim 26, wherein the transfer means comprises a wheeled vehicle (16) provided with an articulated hydraulic arm (17), from which arm (17) the magnet structure (12) is suspended.
- Device according to Claim 27, wherein the trolley (8) is coupled to the wheeled vehicle (16).
- Device according to one of Claims 16-28, wherein the magnet structure (12) comprises one or more electromagnets.
- Device according to one of Claims 16-29, wherein a suction device is provided for sucking up particulate material.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NL2000129A NL2000129C2 (en) | 2006-07-06 | 2006-07-06 | Method and device for removing ferrous material from a rail track. |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP1876296A2 true EP1876296A2 (en) | 2008-01-09 |
EP1876296A3 EP1876296A3 (en) | 2008-11-12 |
EP1876296B1 EP1876296B1 (en) | 2013-04-10 |
Family
ID=37855561
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP20070111925 Active EP1876296B1 (en) | 2006-07-06 | 2007-07-06 | Method and device for removing ferrous material from a railway line |
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EP (1) | EP1876296B1 (en) |
NL (1) | NL2000129C2 (en) |
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KR100984791B1 (en) | 2010-04-29 | 2010-10-04 | 이텍산업 주식회사 | Cleaning construction method of asphalt road having low noise and permeable |
DE102010013635A1 (en) * | 2010-04-01 | 2011-10-06 | Ba-Be-D Daimer Gmbh | High-speed railway track cleaning device, has receptacle supported on rail-bound carrier vehicle, and inner electromagnet and outer electromagnets for cleaning track bed from ferromagnetic contamination |
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FR2685022B1 (en) * | 1991-12-13 | 1994-03-25 | Neu Process International Sa | CLEANING OF TRACKS, PARTICULARLY FOR METROPOLITAN NETWORKS. |
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NL1032200C2 (en) * | 2006-07-18 | 2008-01-21 | Protec Railinfra Advies B V | Device for the removal of ferrous waste along a railroad track. |
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EP0418428A1 (en) | 1989-09-16 | 1991-03-27 | Hermann Wiebe Grundstücks- Und Maschinenanlagen Kg | Mobile frame on rails with dust aspiration device |
EP0954642A1 (en) | 1997-10-20 | 1999-11-10 | Florianer Bahn Forschungs- Und Errichtungsgesellschaft mbH | Method and device for cleaning railtrack grooves |
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DE102010013635A1 (en) * | 2010-04-01 | 2011-10-06 | Ba-Be-D Daimer Gmbh | High-speed railway track cleaning device, has receptacle supported on rail-bound carrier vehicle, and inner electromagnet and outer electromagnets for cleaning track bed from ferromagnetic contamination |
KR100984791B1 (en) | 2010-04-29 | 2010-10-04 | 이텍산업 주식회사 | Cleaning construction method of asphalt road having low noise and permeable |
CN110552316A (en) * | 2019-10-04 | 2019-12-10 | 温金建 | Maintenance and cleaning equipment for urban rail transit track |
CN114059494A (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-02-18 | 江苏徐工工程机械研究院有限公司 | Railway track bed cleaning working method |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP1876296B1 (en) | 2013-04-10 |
NL2000129C2 (en) | 2008-01-14 |
EP1876296A3 (en) | 2008-11-12 |
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