EP1870524A2 - Ensembles d'accès de surface - Google Patents

Ensembles d'accès de surface Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP1870524A2
EP1870524A2 EP07252496A EP07252496A EP1870524A2 EP 1870524 A2 EP1870524 A2 EP 1870524A2 EP 07252496 A EP07252496 A EP 07252496A EP 07252496 A EP07252496 A EP 07252496A EP 1870524 A2 EP1870524 A2 EP 1870524A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cover
assembly according
covers
interlocking
dependent
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07252496A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1870524A3 (fr
Inventor
Brian Wrekin Welding Fabrication & Engineering Ltd. Mills
David Henry Atlanta Impex Limited Edmonds
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wrekin Welding and Fabrication Engineering Ltd
Atlanta Impex Ltd
Original Assignee
Wrekin Welding and Fabrication Engineering Ltd
Atlanta Impex Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wrekin Welding and Fabrication Engineering Ltd, Atlanta Impex Ltd filed Critical Wrekin Welding and Fabrication Engineering Ltd
Publication of EP1870524A2 publication Critical patent/EP1870524A2/fr
Publication of EP1870524A3 publication Critical patent/EP1870524A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/12—Manhole shafts; Other inspection or access chambers; Accessories therefor
    • E02D29/14—Covers for manholes or the like; Frames for covers
    • E02D29/1427—Locking devices
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/12—Manhole shafts; Other inspection or access chambers; Accessories therefor
    • E02D29/14—Covers for manholes or the like; Frames for covers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/12—Manhole shafts; Other inspection or access chambers; Accessories therefor
    • E02D29/14—Covers for manholes or the like; Frames for covers
    • E02D29/1481—Security devices, e.g. indicating unauthorised opening

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to surface access assemblies.
  • surface access assemblies such as manhole cover assemblies include a pair of substantially identical triangular covers which are loosely bolted together and mounted within a frame.
  • the loose bolts permit limited relative movement of the covers.
  • each cover restrains the other from movement, reducing the possibility of the covers being lifted out of the frame.
  • Each cover is mounted to the frame by a non-rock three point mounting, and the loose bolts permit each cover to retain its independent three point mounting.
  • the covers are connected together by bolts extending horizontally in use through reinforcement ribs on the underside of each cover.
  • bolts extending horizontally in use through reinforcement ribs on the underside of each cover.
  • the presence or otherwise of the bolts is not visible in the installed condition, and can only be checked by removing the covers from the frame, which can be relatively arduous and time consuming.
  • a surface access assembly including a first cover and a second cover, each of the covers including a substantially planar surface part, the assembly including an interlocking member which in an interlocked condition extends between the first cover and the second cover to secure the first and second covers together, the assembly being arranged so that the interlocking member extends in a direction substantially normal to the plane of the surface parts.
  • the first cover includes a first interlocking formation, which may be in the form of a projecting tab, and which may extend from an underside in use of the surface part.
  • the first interlocking formation may include a first hole, which may be defined by the tab, and in which in the interlocked condition the interlocking member may locate.
  • the covers are loosely linked together, so that limited relative movement is permitted.
  • the limited relative movement is a relative pivotal movement.
  • the first and second covers each include a first interlocking formation.
  • the assembly includes a plurality of interlocking members. Possibly, a different interlocking member locates through each first hole in the interlocked condition.
  • one interlocking member is formed integrally with each cover.
  • each interlocking member is arranged relative to the respective first hole so that the covers are interlocked by a rotational movement of one cover relative to the other cover.
  • the one cover may rotate about a first axis of rotation, which may extend substantially perpendicularly to the notional line of the joint between the covers, and may extend substantially through the midpoint of the joint.
  • the interlocking member of one cover is located on one side of the first axis of rotation and the first hole of the same one cover is located on an opposite side of the first axis.
  • the covers may be interlocked by relative rotational movement about the line of the joint between the covers.
  • the first interlocking formation may include a recessed portion, which may form part of the surface part.
  • the second cover includes a second interlocking formation which may interlock with the first interlocking formation in the interlocked condition.
  • the first and second covers each include a second interlocking formation.
  • each second interlocking formation may include a projecting portion, which may form part of the surface part.
  • the interlocking member extends downwardly in use from the projecting portion.
  • the recessed portion of one cover receives the projecting portion of the other cover in the interlocked condition.
  • the shape of the recessed portion corresponds to the shape of the projecting portion.
  • the tab may extend from adjacent the recessed portion.
  • the tab is located on one side of the first axis and the projecting portion is located on the opposite side.
  • the tab in the interlocked condition, the tab abuts the projecting portion of the other cover.
  • the first hole may be a through hole.
  • the interlocking member In the interlocked condition the interlocking member may extend completely through the first hole, and a portion of the interlocking member may project beyond the first hole.
  • the assembly may include retaining means to retain the covers in the interlocked condition.
  • the retaining means may substantially prevent withdrawal of the interlocking member from the first hole.
  • the retaining means may include a retaining formation, which may be enlarged relative to the first hole.
  • the retaining formation may be in the form of a washer such as a star washer or welded washer.
  • the retaining formation may be formed to or fitted to the projecting portion of the interlocking member.
  • the projecting portion may be threaded, and the retaining formation may include a nut, which may threadably engage the projecting portion.
  • the retaining means may include a securing member, which may locate through a passage defined by the cover.
  • the securing member may be in the form of a fastener such as a bolt.
  • a portion of the securing member may project beyond the passage below the cover, and the retaining formation may be formed to or fitted to the projecting portion of the securing member.
  • the projecting portion may be threaded, and the retaining formation may include a nut, which may threadably engage the projecting portion.
  • the retaining means may include locking means to lock the covers in the interlocked condition.
  • the locking means may include a locking formation, and a locking member may be positionable in engagement with the locking formation.
  • the cover may include spacing means to ensure that the connection between the covers is loose.
  • the spacing means may space the retaining formation from the underside of the cover, and may be formed by the interlocking member.
  • the passage may be defined by the surface part, and may be defined by the interlocking member.
  • the securing member may form the interlocking member.
  • each cover includes prising means.
  • the prising means include an aperture for receiving a prising tool, which may be defined in the surface part.
  • the cover is arranged so that in the interlocked condition as the tool is inserted into the prising aperture to lift the cover, both covers are lifted together.
  • the prising aperture is located on the same side of the first axis as the tab.
  • each cover is formed by casting.
  • each cover is formed of cast iron, and more preferably of ductile cast iron.
  • a cover for a surface access assembly the cover being as described above in any of the preceding statements.
  • a method of assembling a surface access assembly including a first cover and a second cover, each of the covers including a substantially planar surface part, the assembly including an interlocking member, the method including the step of securing the first and second covers together in an interlocked condition in which the interlocking member extends between the covers, the assembly being arranged so that the interlocking member extends in a direction substantially normal to the plane of the surface parts.
  • a surface access assembly including a first cover and a second cover, each of the covers including a substantially planar surface part, the first cover including a first interlocking formation in the form of a projecting tab which is arranged so that in an interlocked condition, when the first cover is lifted, the tab lifts the second cover also.
  • the assembly includes any of the features described in the preceding statements.
  • a cover for a surface access assembly including any of the features described in the preceding statements.
  • Fig. 1 shows a surface access assembly 10 according to one embodiment of the invention, the assembly 10 including a pair of identical covers 12A, 12B, seated in a frame 14.
  • cover 12 (which could be either one of the covers 12A, 12B shown in Fig. 1) includes a substantially planar surface part 20 which is substantially triangular in plan, having a shorter outer edge 22, a longer outer edge 24 and an interlocking inner edge 26.
  • the surface part 20 defines a keyway aperture 30.
  • a prising aperture 32 is defined by the surface part 20 in the shorter outer edge 22.
  • the in use upper surface of the surface part 20 includes a surface pattern 34.
  • Corner projections 40 extend downwardly from an underside in use of the surface part 20, and reinforcement ribs 42 extend along the underside in use of the surface part 20 between the corner projections 40.
  • the three corner projections 40 permit three point mounting of the cover 12 within the frame 14.
  • the inner edge 26 includes a projecting portion 50 and a recessed portion 52.
  • An interlocking member in the form of a peg 54 extends downwardly in use from the underside of the projecting portion 50.
  • a projecting tab 56 extends from an underside in use of the surface part 20 adjacent the recessed portion 52.
  • the tab 56 defines a first through hole 58.
  • the recessed portion 52, the tab 56 and the first hole 58 form a first interlocking formation, and the projecting portion 50 forms a second interlocking formation.
  • the two covers 12A, 12B are assembled together into an interlocked condition before seating within the frame 14.
  • One of the covers 12A is presented to the other cover 12B so that the plane of the surface part 20A of the one cover 12A is inclined at an angle relative to the plane of the surface part 20B of the other cover 12B, generally about a first axis of rotation 60 as shown in Fig. 4.
  • the first axis 60 extends through a region defined between the projecting portion 50 and the recessed portion 52 of each of the covers 12A, 12B substantially perpendicularly to the notional line 64 of the joint between the covers 12A, 12B substantially through the midpoint of the joint, the first axis 60 being coplanar with the surface parts 20A, 20B of the covers 12A, 12B.
  • the one cover 12A is brought towards the other cover 12B and then rotated about the first axis 60 in a clockwise direction as viewed in Fig. 4 so that the pegs 54A, 54B of the covers 12A, 12B locate in the respective other first through holes 58A, 58B and the projecting portions 50A, 508 of each of the covers 12A, 12B are received within the respective corresponding recessed portions 52A, 52B.
  • Figs. 4 and 5 show the covers 12A, 12B in the interlocked condition.
  • the projecting portions 50A, 50B, the recessed portions 52A, 52B, the pegs 54A, 54B, the tabs 56A, 56B and the first through holes 58A, 58B interlock together to hold the two covers 12A, 12B together and thus form interlocking formations which are arranged to substantially prevent the covers from being separated by relative movement in any direction but an opposite rotational movement to the interlocking rotational movement about the first axis 60.
  • the interlocked covers 12A, 12B can be lifted together and placed in the frame 14 as shown in Fig. 1.
  • each peg 54 extends in a direction which is substantially normal to the plane of its respective surface part 20, that is, in an in use substantially vertical direction.
  • covers are formed integrally by casting and are usually formed of cast iron, for example ductile iron.
  • Covers including features such as the pegs 54 and first through holes 58 which extend in a substantially vertical in use direction are relatively easy to manufacture in one piece by traditional casting methods, in contrast to features which extend horizontally which require more complex mould tooling or require the covers to be manufactured in a plurality of parts and then assembled in an extra operation.
  • a key can be inserted through each of the keyway apertures 30 and the covers lifted together.
  • a prising tool such as a bar can be inserted into the prising aperture 32.
  • the prising bar is positioned on an edge of the frame 14 and operated to lever, for example, one of the covers 12 upwardly.
  • the tab 56A is on the same side of the first axis 60 as the prising aperture 32, and so as the prising bar levers the cover 12A upwardly, the tab 56A also lifts the other cover 12B upwardly, so that the arrangement of the interlocking formation relative to the prising aperture 32 ensures that both covers 12A, 12B are lifted together by one prising bar, permitting easy removal of the interlocked covers from the frame 14.
  • Fig. 6 shows a detail taken from Fig. 5 in which in the interlocked condition a portion 62 of the peg 54 projects beyond the first through hole 58.
  • the assembly 10 includes retaining means including a retaining formation which is enlarged relative to the first hole 58 and is in the form of a retaining washer 70.
  • the retaining washer 70 is fitted to the projecting portion 62 to retain the peg 54 in the first hole 58 and the covers 12 in the interlocked condition.
  • the retaining washer 70 is in the form of a push fit star washer.
  • FIGs. 7A and 7B show a similar detail to that shown in Fig. 6.
  • a projecting portion 162 of a peg 154 includes a plurality of castellations 172.
  • the castellations 172 are closed together as shown in Fig. 7A so that the peg 154 can pass through the first hole 58.
  • a tool such as a punch is then used to open out the castellations 172 relative to each other to flare the projecting portion 162 of the peg 154 to form a retaining formation.
  • the castellations 172 prevent the peg 154 from withdrawing through the first hole 58, locking the covers permanently but loosely together.
  • Figs. 12 and 13 show another example of a retaining means.
  • the interlocking member is in the form of a peg 254 which is threaded.
  • the retaining means include locking means which include a locking formation in the form of a substantially flat locking face 66 which is formed on the side of the peg 254.
  • the retaining means include a nut 90 which in this example is square but could be of any suitable shape.
  • the nut 90 defines a threaded peg passage 92 in which the peg 254 is receivable, and a pin passage 94 in which a locking member in the form for example of a split cotter pin 68 is receivable.
  • Fig. 13 shows the nut 90 assembled to the peg 254.
  • the locking means is arranged so that when the pin 68 is located within the pin passage 94, the pin 68 engages the locking face 66, preventing rotation of the nut 90 and thus locking the nut 90 on the peg 254.
  • the ends of the split pin 68 are opened to prevent removal of the pin 68.
  • the locking means locks the covers 12 in the interlocked condition.
  • the pin 68 can be removed when required to permit separation of the covers 12.
  • the locking face 66 can be located so that when the nut 90 is correctly positioned on the peg 254 to permit the pin 68 to engage the locking face 66 the covers 12 are loosely connected. Thus incorrect assembly of the covers 12 (for example by over tightening the nut 90 so that the covers 12 are no longer loosely connected) is prevented.
  • the interlocking formations could be of any suitable design.
  • the peg could extend upwardly from the tab and be received in a first hole defined by the projecting portion.
  • the peg could extend upwardly from the tab and be received in a first hole defined by the projecting portion.
  • a first hole defined by the projecting portion in the surface part is liable to blockage by debris in use.
  • the integrally formed interlocking member and corresponding first hole could be of a different form.
  • the interlocking member could be in the form of a ridge and the first hole could be a corresponding elongate slot or furrow, and could be a blind hole.
  • the covers 12A, 12B could also or alternatively be interlocked by relative rotation about the joint line 64.
  • Any suitable retaining means could be used to retain the peg within the first hole. Any suitable method of flaring or enlarging the projecting portion of the peg could be used.
  • the projection portion could be threaded to threadably mount a nut with a washer.
  • a nut or washer could be permanently fixed to the peg, for example by welding or adhesive.
  • the locking means could be of any suitable type.
  • a cover for a surface access assembly which can be loosely connected to another identical cover to conform with good practice and with regulatory requirements, and yet does not require the use of separate fastening members such as bolts or securing members such as wedges which can be easily lost or their use neglected. Thus the possibility of unsafe installations is reduced.
  • the covers are relatively easy to manufacture, and can be permanently interlocked together for additional security.
  • Figs. 8 to 11 show a surface access assembly 110 according to another embodiment of the invention, the assembly 110 including a pair of identical covers 112A, 112B.
  • Many of the features of the surface access assembly 110 are similar to the features described previously in relation to the surface access assembly 10 shown in Figs. 1 to 7. Where features are similar, the same reference numerals have been retained and the features will not be described in detail again.
  • each cover 112 (which could be either one of the covers 112A, 112B shown in Figs. 10 and 11) includes a substantially planar surface part 20, which is substantially triangular in plan, and which in this embodiment includes a substantially straight inner edge 126.
  • Each cover 112 includes a first interlocking formation in the form of a projecting tab 156 which extends from an underside in use of the surface part 20 from an off-set position along the inner edge 126.
  • the tab 156 defines a first through hole 58.
  • An interlocking member in the form of a projection 154 projects from the underside in use of the surface part 20 of each cover 112.
  • Each cover 112 defines a passage 80 which extends through the surface part 20 and the interlocking projection 154.
  • the covers 112A, 112B as shown in Figs. 10 and 11 are assembled together as follows.
  • the covers 112A, 112B are brought into contact along the inner edges 126 with the plane of one surface part 20 being at an angle relative to the plane of the other surface part.
  • the one cover 112 is then pivoted about the notional joint line 64 along the inner edges 126 so that the interlocking projections 154 locate within the first holes 58 of the tabs 156.
  • covers 112A, 112B could be interlocked by relative rotation about the first axis 60, in similar fashion to that described previously.
  • the assembly 110 includes retaining means including securing members in the form of fasteners such as bolts 84, which are located through each of the passages 80.
  • the retaining means includes retaining formations in the form of plain washers 88, spring washers 86 and nuts 90, which are mounted to projecting threaded portions of the bolts 84.
  • the plain washers 88 are enlarged relative to the first holes 58, to prevent withdrawal of the interlocking projections 154 from the first holes 58.
  • the bolts 84 could have countersunk heads which could locate within countersunk portions 82 of the passages 80, so that the bolt heads fit flush to the surface parts 20 of the covers 112.
  • the nuts 90 could include resilient inserts formed of a plastics material such as nylon into which threads are cut by the threaded portions of the bolts 84 to resist disengagement of the nuts 90 from the bolts 84 in use.
  • the covers are arranged to be loosely connected so that a limited amount of relative movement is permitted between the covers. This can be ensured by appropriate selection of the length of the interlocking projections 154 relative to the depth of the tabs 156.
  • the interlocking projections 154 could be chosen to be longer than the thickness of the tabs 156 so that there is a clearance between the plain washers 88 and the tabs 156, the interlocking projections 154 thus forming spacing means.
  • the nuts 90 can thus be tightened to the bolts 86 against the interlocking projections 154 without the loose connection between the covers being compromised.
  • the tabs 156, first holes 58, passages 80 and interlocking projections 154 are relatively simple to manufacture by conventional manufacturing methods such as casting. As shown in Fig. 11, however, the advantage that this embodiment provides is that there is a clear visual indication of the presence of the bolts, which are visible from above the surface in use. Thus, the integrity of the installation can be easily checked without disassembly being required.
  • the assembly could be provided without bolts.
  • the tabs could be of any suitable size and shape, and any suitable number could be provided.
  • the fasteners could be of any suitable design.
  • the interlocking projections could be of any suitable design and number.
  • covers similar to those shown in Figs. 8 to 11 could be provided without integral interlocking projections 154, so that the securing members 80 form the interlocking members.
  • the interlocking members could be formed separately to the covers.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)
  • Details Of Indoor Wiring (AREA)
  • Housings, Intake/Discharge, And Installation Of Fluid Heaters (AREA)
EP07252496A 2006-06-20 2007-06-20 Ensembles d'accès de surface Withdrawn EP1870524A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB0612154.5A GB0612154D0 (en) 2006-06-20 2006-06-20 Surface access assemblies

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1870524A2 true EP1870524A2 (fr) 2007-12-26
EP1870524A3 EP1870524A3 (fr) 2008-06-04

Family

ID=36803508

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07252496A Withdrawn EP1870524A3 (fr) 2006-06-20 2007-06-20 Ensembles d'accès de surface

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1870524A3 (fr)
GB (2) GB0612154D0 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009156243A2 (fr) * 2008-06-24 2009-12-30 Vestas Wind Systems A/S Enveloppe de moyeu pour le moyeu d'une éolienne
EP2246483A1 (fr) * 2009-03-06 2010-11-03 Wrekin Welding & Fabrication Engineering Limited Regard de chaussée
WO2011027066A1 (fr) * 2009-09-04 2011-03-10 Yannick Joubeaux Dispositif de recouvrement et de protection de conduites ou câbles enterrés

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2204076A (en) * 1987-04-24 1988-11-02 Dudley Thomas Ltd Manhole cover plates
CH670467A5 (en) * 1985-11-20 1989-06-15 Guido Kohler Multiple section cable duct cover - has corrugated base sheet with reinforcing strips embedded in concrete and interlocking outer frame for each section
GB2230036A (en) * 1989-04-05 1990-10-10 Glynwed Consumer & Building Cover and frame assembly
DE4033601A1 (de) * 1989-05-05 1992-04-30 Kleinken Franz Metallwerk Handhabungssicherer, wasserdichter schachtverschluss
FR2732050A1 (fr) * 1995-03-24 1996-09-27 Barat Sa Dispositif de trappe triangulee d'acces aux galeries et ouvrages souterrains du genie civil
EP0808951A1 (fr) * 1996-05-24 1997-11-26 Norinco Regard de chaussée à tampon articulé sur un cadre
JP2006097227A (ja) * 2004-09-28 2006-04-13 Nippon Chutetsukan Kk 受枠と鉄蓋との施錠構造

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH670467A5 (en) * 1985-11-20 1989-06-15 Guido Kohler Multiple section cable duct cover - has corrugated base sheet with reinforcing strips embedded in concrete and interlocking outer frame for each section
GB2204076A (en) * 1987-04-24 1988-11-02 Dudley Thomas Ltd Manhole cover plates
GB2230036A (en) * 1989-04-05 1990-10-10 Glynwed Consumer & Building Cover and frame assembly
DE4033601A1 (de) * 1989-05-05 1992-04-30 Kleinken Franz Metallwerk Handhabungssicherer, wasserdichter schachtverschluss
FR2732050A1 (fr) * 1995-03-24 1996-09-27 Barat Sa Dispositif de trappe triangulee d'acces aux galeries et ouvrages souterrains du genie civil
EP0808951A1 (fr) * 1996-05-24 1997-11-26 Norinco Regard de chaussée à tampon articulé sur un cadre
JP2006097227A (ja) * 2004-09-28 2006-04-13 Nippon Chutetsukan Kk 受枠と鉄蓋との施錠構造

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009156243A2 (fr) * 2008-06-24 2009-12-30 Vestas Wind Systems A/S Enveloppe de moyeu pour le moyeu d'une éolienne
WO2009156243A3 (fr) * 2008-06-24 2010-12-02 Vestas Wind Systems A/S Enveloppe de moyeu pour le moyeu d'une éolienne
EP2246483A1 (fr) * 2009-03-06 2010-11-03 Wrekin Welding & Fabrication Engineering Limited Regard de chaussée
WO2011027066A1 (fr) * 2009-09-04 2011-03-10 Yannick Joubeaux Dispositif de recouvrement et de protection de conduites ou câbles enterrés
FR2949838A1 (fr) * 2009-09-04 2011-03-11 Yannick Joubeaux Dispositif de recouvrement et de protection de conduites ou cables enterres

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB0612154D0 (en) 2006-08-02
EP1870524A3 (fr) 2008-06-04
GB0711895D0 (en) 2007-07-25
GB2439446B (en) 2011-11-30
GB2439446A (en) 2007-12-27

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