EP1857579A1 - Method of manufacturing a reinforcement textile article, textile article obtained according to this method, and machine for manufacturing such an article - Google Patents
Method of manufacturing a reinforcement textile article, textile article obtained according to this method, and machine for manufacturing such an article Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1857579A1 EP1857579A1 EP07301032A EP07301032A EP1857579A1 EP 1857579 A1 EP1857579 A1 EP 1857579A1 EP 07301032 A EP07301032 A EP 07301032A EP 07301032 A EP07301032 A EP 07301032A EP 1857579 A1 EP1857579 A1 EP 1857579A1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- support
- comb
- warp
- article
- warp threads
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
- D04H3/10—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically
- D04H3/115—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically by applying or inserting filamentary binding elements
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D41/00—Looms not otherwise provided for, e.g. for weaving chenille yarn; Details peculiar to these looms
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04B—KNITTING
- D04B21/00—Warp knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
- D04B21/14—Fabrics characterised by the incorporation by knitting, in one or more thread, fleece, or fabric layers, of reinforcing, binding, or decorative threads; Fabrics incorporating small auxiliary elements, e.g. for decorative purposes
- D04B21/16—Fabrics characterised by the incorporation by knitting, in one or more thread, fleece, or fabric layers, of reinforcing, binding, or decorative threads; Fabrics incorporating small auxiliary elements, e.g. for decorative purposes incorporating synthetic threads
- D04B21/165—Fabrics characterised by the incorporation by knitting, in one or more thread, fleece, or fabric layers, of reinforcing, binding, or decorative threads; Fabrics incorporating small auxiliary elements, e.g. for decorative purposes incorporating synthetic threads with yarns stitched through one or more layers or tows, e.g. stitch-bonded fabrics
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04B—KNITTING
- D04B23/00—Flat warp knitting machines
- D04B23/10—Flat warp knitting machines for knitting through thread, fleece, or fabric layers, or around elongated core material
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04B—KNITTING
- D04B27/00—Details of, or auxiliary devices incorporated in, warp knitting machines, restricted to machines of this kind
- D04B27/10—Devices for supplying, feeding, or guiding threads to needles
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/002—Inorganic yarns or filaments
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/002—Inorganic yarns or filaments
- D04H3/004—Glass yarns or filaments
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/02—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments
- D04H3/04—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments in rectilinear paths, e.g. crossing at right angles
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2505/00—Industrial
- D10B2505/02—Reinforcing materials; Prepregs
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of the technical textile industry, and more particularly the manufacture of reinforcing textiles, intended to be integrated in various parts obtained by resin injection or infusion processes. It relates more particularly to a manufacturing process that makes it possible to obtain reinforcing articles that can be integrated in parts of complex geometry and in particular that are not straight.
- the invention may find an advantageous application for the manufacture of reinforcements used in the manufacture of skis, which have a variable width along their length.
- reinforcing textile articles are intended to impart stiffness properties in the direction of the son of the strongest title that compose them. Indeed, these son typically based on glass filaments, carbon or other, are intended to be impregnated with a resin. After curing, this resin stiffens the reinforcing article within the part in which the injection of the resin took place.
- textile reinforcements can be made in different ways.
- one solution is to use a fabric, that is to say with an interweaving of warp and weft threads.
- the reinforcement may also be based on one or more layers of parallel son superimposed and secured to a support by sewing / knitting techniques.
- This last type of reinforcement has the advantage that the reinforcing threads are very substantially straight, as opposed to the fabrics in which the embossing generates undulations of the woven threads.
- the free portions of the son that have been cut may tend to slightly detach from the rest of the reinforcement, thus creating disturbances.
- the son are bonded to the support by binding son which are generally spaced apart.
- each wire has a portion exposed to the risk of fraying.
- One of the objectives of the invention is therefore to obtain reinforcements having a geometry adapted to the geometry of the parts in which they will be integrated.
- Another object of the invention is to eliminate the risk of fraying observed during cutting, and in particular cuts close angularly to the direction of the son.
- Another objective is the optimization of the mechanical properties of the reinforcement. Indeed, the son that are cut participate only very little in the mechanical reinforcement. These son present on part of the length of the reinforcement therefore increase the weight of the reinforcement, without significantly improving its mechanical properties.
- the invention therefore relates to a method of manufacturing a reinforcing textile article.
- this reinforcement comprises in chain a web of threads which is connected to a support by stitching.
- the warp son are brought opposite the support through a comb whose spacing between the teeth can adjust the density of the warp son in the reinforcement.
- the inclination of the comb with respect to the direction of the chain during the advance of the warp threads is varied so as to modify the warp density along the warp. article.
- the invention consists in adapting the spacing between the warp threads by acting on the orientation of the comb they pass through before being sewn on the support.
- the web of warp threads may occupy a greater or lesser width on the support to which it will be bound.
- the support can then be cut according to the warp edge warp threads to adapt a non-rectilinear geometry.
- This cutting takes place advantageously on the machine where the stitching takes place, which makes it possible to eliminate the parts of the support situated outside the zone where the warp threads have been secured.
- An article is thus obtained which has a width adapted to the part it is intended to reinforce.
- This reinforcing article thus has warp threads only in the useful parts, and does not comprise zones formed by the support alone.
- the warp son constituting the reinforcing portion of the textile article are not cut during this operation and therefore keep all their mechanical properties.
- the fact of not cutting the reinforcement makes it possible to maintain the integrity of the thread over the entire length of the piece, and therefore to increase the performance of the reinforcing textile article.
- This makes it possible to take full advantage of the performance of the long fiber reinforcement, in particular on the parts of the geometrically complex piece at the edge, where the yarns are cut at short lengths, in comparison with reinforcements incorporating short fibers for example. This can increase the mechanical performance of the reinforcement for the same weight of fiber, compared to a traditional cutting solution.
- the inclination of the comb may vary between 0 and 80 ° approximately, depending on the width of the desired warp sheet.
- the article obtained has a density of warp threads, that is to say a number of threads per unit length measured transversely, which changes with the characteristic angle given to the comb.
- the support may be constituted either by a web, for example non-woven, or a sheet of son arranged in the weft direction of the reinforcement, to confer mechanical reinforcing properties in the transverse direction. It is also possible to use as support a fabric having, for example, yarns of higher strength in the weft direction of the reinforcement, to also confer reinforcement properties in both directions of the final reinforcement. For example, we can use as weft son based on carbon filaments or the like.
- the method according to the invention is therefore implemented on a machine which therefore comprises means for varying the inclination of the comb relative to the direction of the warp son. These means can be very varied, and obtained by multiple different mechanisms.
- the comb may be rotatable about an axis perpendicular to the web of warp threads passing through it.
- the axis of rotation of the comb in order to limit the tensions generated by the inclination of the comb, it may be preferable for the axis of rotation of the comb to be situated substantially at its median level.
- This process can be repeated several times over the width of the machine to make several textile articles shaped at the same time.
- several individual mobile combs can be connected to the same system causing their rotation in a coordinated manner.
- the method can thus be repeated keeping the axis of rotation of each comb located substantially at each median level, with common actuating means.
- the reinforcing textile article obtained can be either cut into the desired length, in order to manufacture pieces in the desired format in both dimensions. It is also possible to produce rolls having one or more successions of reinforcements continuously connected by the shared warp yarns, and having the desired format in the direction transverse to the winding.
- the machine (1) illustrated in FIG. 1 mainly comprises, in the aspects related to the invention, a station (2) for supplying warp yarns, schematized by a creel (3) supporting a plurality of bobbins (4). or warp cakes. These warp yarns (5) are fed to an entry station in which they are put in place in the form of a parallel web (7).
- the warp threads (5) reach, after changing their orientation at the bar (11), the sewing station shown schematically by the block (12).
- This block (12) corresponds in a conventional manner to the sewing station on machines of the "Malimo" type.
- the warp web (7) is secured to a support (15) from the feed station (16).
- this support may be of different natures. It can thus be a veil, typically based on polyester or glass. This support can also be used to confer transverse reinforcement properties, and then comprises glass son or carbon in weft. It can thus be a set of weft threads deposited by a framer, upstream of the seam area (12) or even of a previously made fabric, by weaving weft threads with a weak warp. title, and in particular a coated wire.
- the support (15) and the web (7) of warp threads are sewn together with the binding threads (20) which enter the machine through the pierced plate (21). After sewing, the assembly (30) obtained can undergo a garment operation, so as to eliminate the portions (31) of the support (15) located outside the zone (32) where the warp threads have been secured.
- the machine comprises a station including cutting means (40,41) for cutting the support (15) along the outer chain son. These cutting means are adjustable in width depending on the width of the warp ply.
- the operation of the invention is the use of a comb (10) which has a capacity of inclination with respect to the direction of the warp son (7).
- a comb (10) which has a capacity of inclination with respect to the direction of the warp son (7).
- all the warp threads (7) pass through this characteristic comb (10) so as to adjust the distance between the warp threads at the level of the reinforcing article.
- the spacing between the teeth of this comb (10) thus makes it possible to fix the spacing between the warp threads (8) downstream of the comb (10), or in other words the density of the warp threads, or else their number by unit of width.
- This comb (10) can have a capacity of rotation about an axis (13) which passes substantially in the middle of the comb (10), so as to limit the amplitude of the movements of the end zones (17, 18) of the comb (10). 10), and therefore the tension imposed on the warp threads during the movement of the comb.
- the comb (10) is perpendicular to the direction of the warp yarns (7), so that the spacing between the warp yarns and downstream from the comb is maximum corresponding therefore to a minimum density of warp threads on the reinforcement.
- the width L 1 of the web (8) of warp threads therefore corresponds here to the maximum value that it will occupy on the reinforcing article.
- the inclination of the comb (10) can be modified in real time, as a function of the state of advancement of the reinforcing article, and of the geometrical shape that the string of warp yarns must marry on the reinforcement, itself a function of the geometry of the piece to be reinforced.
- the sheet of warp threads (33) is secured to the support (15) via the binding threads (34). It can be observed in FIG. 3a that the width of the ply of the warp yarns (33) decreases from the top of the figure while going downwards, insofar as the comb has seen its characteristic inclination modified as and when the advance and sewing of the warp threads.
- the warp threads (36) are in an increasingly narrow configuration, so that they release on the support free side regions (31) of warp threads. These areas (31) are then removed by cutting, to retain only the portion of the support located below the warp son sheet (36).
- the warp son are the most contiguous, and thus occupy a slightly greater thickness.
- the number of binding yarns is constant over the entire width, the number of binding yarns passing through the warp yarn sheet (36) is less than in the less dense areas, as illustrated in FIG. 3a.
- a longitudinal reinforcement used for the manufacture of a ski can be obtained by using glass son of 1,200 tex.
- the warp ply has a width of 126 mm, corresponding to 2.7 threads per centimeter, and a reinforcement density of the order of 329 g / m 2 .
- the warp web has a width of about 72 mm, corresponding to 4.7 threads per centimeter and a density at the reinforcement of 564 g / m 2 .
- the inclination of the comb is then reduced to reach the extremal part of the reinforcement.
- the comb then reaches an orientation of approximately 35 °, corresponding to a width of the ply of warp threads of 103 mm, that is to say 3.3 threads per centimeter, corresponding to a density at the level of the reinforcement of 396 g / m 2 .
- the binding yarns employed may be 267 decitex textured polyester yarns sewn on a Malimo 10 gauge machine, i.e. having ten needles per inch, and thus needles separated by about 4 mm.
- the armor used for sewing is knit weave, generating zigzag stitching zones. Sewing takes place with about 2.5 rows of mesh per centimeter.
- Such a reinforcement is therefore usable for producing fabrics having a dimension line corresponding to the width variation of the warp ply.
- the invention has the major advantage of allowing the realization of unidirectional or multidirectional reinforcements, whose Yarns in the warp direction are not rectilinear, but instead are able to fit any geometric shape, thus eliminating the risk of fraying and optimizing the mechanical performance / weight ratio of the reinforcement.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
- Woven Fabrics (AREA)
Abstract
Description
L'invention se rattache au domaine de l'industrie des textiles techniques, et plus particulièrement la fabrication des textiles de renfort, destinés à être intégrés dans diverses pièces obtenues par des procédés d'injection ou d'infusion de résine. Elle vise plus particulièrement un procédé de fabrication qui permet d'obtenir des articles de renfort susceptibles d'être intégrés dans des pièces de géométrie complexe et notamment non rectilignes.The invention relates to the field of the technical textile industry, and more particularly the manufacture of reinforcing textiles, intended to be integrated in various parts obtained by resin injection or infusion processes. It relates more particularly to a manufacturing process that makes it possible to obtain reinforcing articles that can be integrated in parts of complex geometry and in particular that are not straight.
A titre d'exemple non limitatif, l'invention peut trouver une application avantageuse pour la fabrication de renforts utilisés dans la fabrication de skis, qui présentent une largeur variable sur leur longueur.By way of nonlimiting example, the invention may find an advantageous application for the manufacture of reinforcements used in the manufacture of skis, which have a variable width along their length.
De façon générale, les articles textiles de renfort sont destinés à conférer des propriétés de rigidité dans le sens des fils de plus fort titre qui les composent. En effet, ces fils typiquement à base de filaments de verre, de carbone ou autre, sont destinés à être imprégnés par une résine. Après durcissement, cette résine rigidifie l'article de renfort au sein de la pièce dans laquelle a eu lieu l'injection de la résine.In general, reinforcing textile articles are intended to impart stiffness properties in the direction of the son of the strongest title that compose them. Indeed, these son typically based on glass filaments, carbon or other, are intended to be impregnated with a resin. After curing, this resin stiffens the reinforcing article within the part in which the injection of the resin took place.
Ces renforts textiles peuvent être réalisés de différentes manières. Ainsi, une solution consiste à employer un tissu, c'est-à-dire avec un entrelacement de fils de chaîne et de trame. Le renfort peut également être à base d'une ou plusieurs nappes de fils parallèles superposés et solidarisés à un support par des techniques de couture/tricotage. Ce dernier type de renfort présente l'avantage que les fils de renfort sont très sensiblement rectilignes, par opposition aux tissus dans lesquels l'embuvage engendre des ondulations des fils tissés.These textile reinforcements can be made in different ways. Thus, one solution is to use a fabric, that is to say with an interweaving of warp and weft threads. The reinforcement may also be based on one or more layers of parallel son superimposed and secured to a support by sewing / knitting techniques. This last type of reinforcement has the advantage that the reinforcing threads are very substantially straight, as opposed to the fabrics in which the embossing generates undulations of the woven threads.
Ainsi, dans le but d'obtenir un renfort le plus plan possible, la technique de couture/tricotage est particulièrement appréciée.Thus, in order to obtain a reinforcement as flat as possible, the technique of sewing / knitting is particularly appreciated.
A ce jour, lorsqu'un article de renfort doit être intégré dans une pièce de géométrie complexe, typiquement non rectangulaire, il est nécessaire de procéder à des découpes pour donner à ce renfort les contours de la pièce renforcée.To date, when a reinforcing article must be integrated in a piece of complex geometry, typically non-rectangular, it is necessary to make cuts to give this reinforcement the contours of the reinforced part.
On conçoit donc que ces découpes, lorsqu'elles ne sont pas rectilignes et donc parallèles aux fils de chaîne et de trame, peuvent engendrer des effilochages des fils situés en bordure. En effet, les fils employés sont fréquemment des "rovings", c'est-à-dire des faisceaux de filaments sans torsion, dans lequel chaque filament est donc globalement libre. Ces problèmes d'effilochage peuvent être gênants lors des opérations de manipulation du renfort, puisqu'elles génèrent le détachement de certains des filaments, qui peuvent se situer dans des endroits qui ne sont pas souhaités.It is therefore conceivable that these cutouts, when they are not rectilinear and therefore parallel to the warp and weft threads, can cause fraying of the cords at the edge. Indeed, the son employed are frequently "rovings", that is to say bundles of filaments without torsion, in which each filament is therefore generally free. These fraying problems can be troublesome during reinforcement handling operations, since they generate the detachment of some of the filaments, which can be located in places that are not desired.
De même, les portions libres des fils qui ont été coupées peuvent avoir tendance à légèrement se détacher du reste du renfort, en créant donc des perturbations. En effet, pour conserver une bonne déformabilité du renfort, les fils sont liés au support par des fils de liage qui sont globalement écartés. Ainsi, entre deux points de coutures successifs, chaque fil présente une portion assez exposée au risque d'effilochage.Similarly, the free portions of the son that have been cut may tend to slightly detach from the rest of the reinforcement, thus creating disturbances. Indeed, to maintain good deformability of the reinforcement, the son are bonded to the support by binding son which are generally spaced apart. Thus, between two points of successive seams, each wire has a portion exposed to the risk of fraying.
Ces problèmes sont d'autant plus sensibles que l'inclinaison de la découpe est proche de la direction des fils, qui présentent une largeur assez importante et sont donc coupés en biseaux.These problems are all the more sensitive that the inclination of the cut is close to the direction of the son, which have a fairly large width and are therefore cut into bevels.
Un des objectifs de l'invention est donc de permettre d'obtenir des renforts présentant une géométrie adaptée à la géométrie des pièces dans lesquelles elles seront intégrées. Un autre objectif de l'invention est d'éliminer les risques d'effilochage observés lors des découpes, et en particulier des découpes proches angulairement de la direction des fils.One of the objectives of the invention is therefore to obtain reinforcements having a geometry adapted to the geometry of the parts in which they will be integrated. Another object of the invention is to eliminate the risk of fraying observed during cutting, and in particular cuts close angularly to the direction of the son.
Un autre objectif est l'optimisation des propriétés mécaniques du renfort. En effet, les fils qui sont coupés ne participent que de manière très réduite au renforcement mécanique. Ces fils présents sur une partie de la longueur du renfort augmentent donc le poids du renfort, sans améliorer notablement ses propriétés mécaniques.Another objective is the optimization of the mechanical properties of the reinforcement. Indeed, the son that are cut participate only very little in the mechanical reinforcement. These son present on part of the length of the reinforcement therefore increase the weight of the reinforcement, without significantly improving its mechanical properties.
L'invention concerne donc un procédé de fabrication d'un article textile de renfort. De façon classique, ce renfort comporte en chaîne une nappe de fils qui est liée à un support par couture. Classiquement, les fils de chaîne sont amenés en regard du support en traversant un peigne dont l'écartement entre les dents permet de régler la densité des fils de chaîne dans le renfort.The invention therefore relates to a method of manufacturing a reinforcing textile article. In a conventional manner, this reinforcement comprises in chain a web of threads which is connected to a support by stitching. Conventionally, the warp son are brought opposite the support through a comb whose spacing between the teeth can adjust the density of the warp son in the reinforcement.
Selon une caractéristique de l'invention, on fait varier l'inclinaison du peigne par rapport à la direction de la chaîne au cours de l'avancée des fils de chaîne, de manière à modifier la densité en fils de chaîne le long de l'article.According to one characteristic of the invention, the inclination of the comb with respect to the direction of the chain during the advance of the warp threads is varied so as to modify the warp density along the warp. article.
Autrement dit, l'invention consiste à adapter l'écartement entre les fils de chaîne en jouant sur l'orientation du peigne qu'ils traversent avant d'être cousus sur le support. Ainsi, selon l'orientation du peigne caractéristique, la nappe de fils de chaîne peut occuper une largeur plus ou moins élevée sur le support auquel il sera lié.In other words, the invention consists in adapting the spacing between the warp threads by acting on the orientation of the comb they pass through before being sewn on the support. Thus, depending on the orientation of the characteristic comb, the web of warp threads may occupy a greater or lesser width on the support to which it will be bound.
Le support peut ensuite être découpé selon les fils de chaîne en bordure de nappe pour adapter une géométrie non rectiligne. Cette découpe intervient avantageusement sur la machine où a lieu la couture, ce qui permet d'éliminer les parties du support situées à l'extérieur de la zone où ont été solidarisés les fils de chaîne. On obtient ainsi un article qui possède une largeur adaptée à la pièce qu'il est destiné à renforcer. Cet article de renfort possède ainsi des fils de chaîne uniquement dans les parties utiles, et ne comporte pas de zones formées par le support seul.The support can then be cut according to the warp edge warp threads to adapt a non-rectilinear geometry. This cutting takes place advantageously on the machine where the stitching takes place, which makes it possible to eliminate the parts of the support situated outside the zone where the warp threads have been secured. An article is thus obtained which has a width adapted to the part it is intended to reinforce. This reinforcing article thus has warp threads only in the useful parts, and does not comprise zones formed by the support alone.
Les fils de chaîne constituant la partie renforçante de l'article textile ne sont pas découpés lors de cette opération et gardent donc toutes leurs propriétés mécaniques. Le fait de ne pas couper le renfort permet de garder l'intégrité du fil sur toute la longueur de la pièce, et donc d'augmenter les performances de l'article textile de renfort. Ceci permet de profiter au maximum des performances du renfort à fibre longue, notamment sur les parties de la pièce géométriquement complexe en bordure, où les fils sont coupés sur de faibles longueurs, en comparaison à des renforts intégrant des fibres courtes par exemple. Ceci peut permettre d'augmenter les performances mécaniques du renfort pour un même poids de fibre, par rapport à une solution de découpe traditionnelle.The warp son constituting the reinforcing portion of the textile article are not cut during this operation and therefore keep all their mechanical properties. The fact of not cutting the reinforcement makes it possible to maintain the integrity of the thread over the entire length of the piece, and therefore to increase the performance of the reinforcing textile article. This makes it possible to take full advantage of the performance of the long fiber reinforcement, in particular on the parts of the geometrically complex piece at the edge, where the yarns are cut at short lengths, in comparison with reinforcements incorporating short fibers for example. This can increase the mechanical performance of the reinforcement for the same weight of fiber, compared to a traditional cutting solution.
En pratique, l'inclinaison du peigne peut varier entre 0 et 80° environ, en fonction de la largeur de la nappe de chaîne souhaitée.In practice, the inclination of the comb may vary between 0 and 80 ° approximately, depending on the width of the desired warp sheet.
De la sorte, l'article obtenu possède une densité en fils de chaîne, c'est-à-dire un nombre de fils par unité de longueur mesuré transversalement, qui évolue avec l'angle caractéristique donné au peigne.In this way, the article obtained has a density of warp threads, that is to say a number of threads per unit length measured transversely, which changes with the characteristic angle given to the comb.
En pratique, un tel renfort peut être réalisé en intégrant des supports de nature très variée. Ainsi, le support peut être constitué soit par un voile, par exemple en non tissé, soit encore d'une nappe de fils disposés selon le sens trame du renfort, pour conférer des propriétés de renforcement mécanique dans le sens transversal. Il est également possible d'utiliser comme support un tissu présentant par exemple des fils de plus forts titres dans le sens trame du renfort, pour également conférer des propriétés de renforcement dans les deux directions du renfort final. On peut par exemple utiliser en trame des fils à base de filaments de carbone ou analogue.In practice, such a reinforcement can be achieved by integrating supports of very varied nature. Thus, the support may be constituted either by a web, for example non-woven, or a sheet of son arranged in the weft direction of the reinforcement, to confer mechanical reinforcing properties in the transverse direction. It is also possible to use as support a fabric having, for example, yarns of higher strength in the weft direction of the reinforcement, to also confer reinforcement properties in both directions of the final reinforcement. For example, we can use as weft son based on carbon filaments or the like.
Le procédé conforme à l'invention est donc mis en oeuvre sur une machine qui comporte donc des moyens pour faire varier l'inclinaison du peigne par rapport à la direction des fils de chaîne. Ces moyens peuvent être très variés, et obtenus par de multiples mécanismes différents.The method according to the invention is therefore implemented on a machine which therefore comprises means for varying the inclination of the comb relative to the direction of the warp son. These means can be very varied, and obtained by multiple different mechanisms.
Ainsi, avantageusement en pratique, le peigne peut être mobile en rotation autour d'un axe perpendiculaire à la nappe de fils de chaîne qui le traversent.Thus, advantageously in practice, the comb may be rotatable about an axis perpendicular to the web of warp threads passing through it.
Dans ce cas, afin de limiter les tensions engendrées par l'inclinaison du peigne, on pourra préférer que l'axe de rotation du peigne soit situé sensiblement à son niveau médian.In this case, in order to limit the tensions generated by the inclination of the comb, it may be preferable for the axis of rotation of the comb to be situated substantially at its median level.
Ce procédé peut être répété plusieurs fois sur la largeur de la machine afin de fabriquer plusieurs articles textiles en forme en même temps. Dans ce cas, plusieurs peignes mobiles individuels peuvent être raccordés au même système provoquant leur rotation de façon coordonnée. Le procédé peut ainsi être répété en gardant l'axe de rotation de chaque peigne situé sensiblement à chaque niveau médian, avec des moyens d'actionnement communs.This process can be repeated several times over the width of the machine to make several textile articles shaped at the same time. In this case, several individual mobile combs can be connected to the same system causing their rotation in a coordinated manner. The method can thus be repeated keeping the axis of rotation of each comb located substantially at each median level, with common actuating means.
L'article textile de renfort obtenu peut être soit découpé dans la longueur souhaitée, afin de fabriquer des pièces au format désiré dans les deux dimensions. Il est également possible de produire des rouleaux comportant une ou plusieurs successions de renforts reliés en continu par les fils de chaîne partagés, et présentant le format désiré dans le sens transversal à l'enroulage.The reinforcing textile article obtained can be either cut into the desired length, in order to manufacture pieces in the desired format in both dimensions. It is also possible to produce rolls having one or more successions of reinforcements continuously connected by the shared warp yarns, and having the desired format in the direction transverse to the winding.
La manière de réaliser l'invention, ainsi que les avantages qui en découlent ressortiront bien de la description du mode de réalisation qui suit, à l'appui des figures annexées, dans lesquelles :
- La figure 1 est une vue schématique d'une machine conforme à l'invention montrée en perspective sommaire.
- Les figures 2a et 2b sont des vues de détail illustrant la nappe de fils de chaîne et le peigne caractéristique, respectivement dans deux inclinaisons différentes.
- Les figures 3a et 3b sont des vues de dessus schématiques d'articles de renfort réalisés conformément à l'invention, montrées respectivement dans des configurations où la nappe de fils de chaîne présente occupe des largeurs différentes.
- Figure 1 is a schematic view of a machine according to the invention shown in summary perspective.
- Figures 2a and 2b are detail views illustrating the warp web and the characteristic comb, respectively in two different inclinations.
- FIGS. 3a and 3b are diagrammatic top views of reinforcing articles made in accordance with the invention, respectively shown in FIGS. configurations where the web of warp son present occupies different widths.
On notera que les différents éléments représentés le sont uniquement à titre d'illustrations, afin de mieux faire comprendre le principe de l'invention. Ainsi, la machine et les renforts obtenus sont illustrés avec un nombre de fils moindres que dans des applications réelles, et avec des dimensions plus élevées, uniquement dans un but de faciliter la compréhension de l'invention.Note that the various elements shown are only for illustration, to better understand the principle of the invention. Thus, the machine and the reinforcements obtained are illustrated with a smaller number of threads than in real applications, and with larger dimensions, solely for the purpose of facilitating understanding of the invention.
La machine (1) illustrée à la figure 1 comporte principalement, dans les aspects liés à l'invention, un poste (2) d'alimentation en fils de chaîne, schématisé par un cantre (3) supportant une pluralité de bobines (4) ou galettes de fils de chaîne. Ces fils de chaîne (5) sont amenés au niveau d'un poste d'entrée dans lequel ils sont mis en place sous la forme d'une nappe parallèle (7).The machine (1) illustrated in FIG. 1 mainly comprises, in the aspects related to the invention, a station (2) for supplying warp yarns, schematized by a creel (3) supporting a plurality of bobbins (4). or warp cakes. These warp yarns (5) are fed to an entry station in which they are put in place in the form of a parallel web (7).
Après avoir traversé le peigne (10) qui sera décrit plus en détail ci-après, les fils de chaîne (5) atteignent, après avoir changé d'orientation au niveau de la barre (11), le poste de couture représenté schématiquement par le bloc (12). Ce bloc (12) correspond de façon classique au poste de couture sur les machines du type "Malimo".After passing through the comb (10) which will be described in more detail below, the warp threads (5) reach, after changing their orientation at the bar (11), the sewing station shown schematically by the block (12). This block (12) corresponds in a conventional manner to the sewing station on machines of the "Malimo" type.
Au niveau du poste de couture (12), la nappe de fils de chaîne (7) est solidarisée à un support (15), provenant du poste d'alimentation (16).At the sewing station (12), the warp web (7) is secured to a support (15) from the feed station (16).
Comme déjà évoqué, ce support (15) peut-être de différentes natures. Il peut ainsi s'agir d'un voile, typiquement à base de polyester ou de verre. Ce support peut également être utilisé pour conférer des propriétés de renforcement transversal, et comporte alors des fils de verre ou de carbone en trame. Il peut ainsi s'agir d'un ensemble de fils de trame déposés par un trameur, en amont de la zone de couture (12) ou bien encore d'un tissu préalablement réalisé, par tissage de fils de trame avec une chaîne de faible titre, et notamment un fil enduit.As already mentioned, this support (15) may be of different natures. It can thus be a veil, typically based on polyester or glass. This support can also be used to confer transverse reinforcement properties, and then comprises glass son or carbon in weft. It can thus be a set of weft threads deposited by a framer, upstream of the seam area (12) or even of a previously made fabric, by weaving weft threads with a weak warp. title, and in particular a coated wire.
Le support (15) et la nappe (7) de fils de chaîne sont solidarisés par couture avec les fils de liage (20) qui pénètrent dans la machine en traversant la plaque percée (21). Après couture, l'ensemble (30) obtenu peut subir une opération de confection, de manière à éliminer les parties (31) du support (15) situées à l'extérieur de la zone (32) où ont été solidarisés les fils de chaîne. Plus précisément, la machine comporte un poste incluant des moyens de coupe (40,41) permettant de découper le support (15) le long des fils de chaîne externes. Ces moyens de coupe sont réglables en largeur en fonction de la largeur de la nappe de fils de chaîne.The support (15) and the web (7) of warp threads are sewn together with the binding threads (20) which enter the machine through the pierced plate (21). After sewing, the assembly (30) obtained can undergo a garment operation, so as to eliminate the portions (31) of the support (15) located outside the zone (32) where the warp threads have been secured. . More specifically, the machine comprises a station including cutting means (40,41) for cutting the support (15) along the outer chain son. These cutting means are adjustable in width depending on the width of the warp ply.
Le fonctionnement de l'invention tient à l'emploi d'un peigne (10) qui présente une capacité d'inclinaison par rapport à la direction des fils de chaîne (7). Ainsi, comme illustré à la figure 2a, l'ensemble des fils de chaîne (7) traverse ce peigne caractéristique (10) de manière à régler la distance entre les fils de chaîne au niveau de l'article de renfort. L'écartement entre les dents de ce peigne (10) permet donc de fixer l'écartement entre les fils de chaîne (8) en aval du peigne (10), ou autrement dit la densité des fils de chaîne, ou encore leur nombre par unité de largeur.The operation of the invention is the use of a comb (10) which has a capacity of inclination with respect to the direction of the warp son (7). Thus, as illustrated in FIG. 2a, all the warp threads (7) pass through this characteristic comb (10) so as to adjust the distance between the warp threads at the level of the reinforcing article. The spacing between the teeth of this comb (10) thus makes it possible to fix the spacing between the warp threads (8) downstream of the comb (10), or in other words the density of the warp threads, or else their number by unit of width.
Ce peigne (10) peut avoir une capacité de rotation autour d'un axe (13) qui passe sensiblement en milieu du peigne (10), de manière à limiter l'amplitude des mouvements des zones extrêmes (17, 18) du peigne (10), et donc la tension imposée sur les fils de chaîne lors du mouvement du peigne.This comb (10) can have a capacity of rotation about an axis (13) which passes substantially in the middle of the comb (10), so as to limit the amplitude of the movements of the end zones (17, 18) of the comb (10). 10), and therefore the tension imposed on the warp threads during the movement of the comb.
Ainsi, dans la configuration illustrée à la figure 2a, le peigne (10) est perpendiculaire à la direction des fils de chaîne (7), de sorte que l'écartement entre les fils de chaîne et en aval du peigne est maximal correspondant donc à une densité minimale de fils de chaîne sur le renfort. La largeur L1 de la nappe (8) de fils de chaîne correspond donc ici à la valeur maximale qu'elle occupera sur l'article de renfort.Thus, in the configuration illustrated in FIG. 2a, the comb (10) is perpendicular to the direction of the warp yarns (7), so that the spacing between the warp yarns and downstream from the comb is maximum corresponding therefore to a minimum density of warp threads on the reinforcement. The width L 1 of the web (8) of warp threads therefore corresponds here to the maximum value that it will occupy on the reinforcing article.
A l'inverse, comme illustré à la figure 2b, lorsque le peigne (10) a subi une rotation autour de son axe (16), les fils de chaîne (8) en aval du peigne se trouvent automatiquement rapprochés les uns des autres. La largeur L2 de la nappe (8) de fils de chaîne en aval du peigne (10) est donc moindre, et globalement liée à la largeur maximale L1 proportionnellement au sinus de l'angle (α) que forme le peigne (10) par rapport à la direction d'avancée des fils de chaîne.Conversely, as illustrated in Figure 2b, when the comb (10) has been rotated about its axis (16), the warp son (8) downstream of the comb are automatically moved closer to each other. The width L 2 of the web (8) of warp yarns downstream of the comb (10) is therefore smaller, and globally related to the maximum width L 1 proportionally to the sine of the angle (α) formed by the comb (10). ) with respect to the direction of advance of the warp threads.
En pratique, l'inclinaison du peigne (10) peut être modifiée en temps réel, en fonction de l'état d'avancement de l'article de renfort, et de la forme géométrique que doit épouser la nappe de fils de chaîne sur le renfort, elle-même fonction de la géométrie de la pièce à renforcer.In practice, the inclination of the comb (10) can be modified in real time, as a function of the state of advancement of the reinforcing article, and of the geometrical shape that the string of warp yarns must marry on the reinforcement, itself a function of the geometry of the piece to be reinforced.
Après couture, et comme illustré à la figure 3a, la nappe de fils de chaîne (33) se trouve solidarisée au support (15) par l'intermédiaire des fils de liage (34). On observe à la figure 3a que la largeur de la nappe des fils de chaîne (33) décroît depuis le haut de la figure en se dirigeant vers le bas, dans la mesure où le peigne a vu son inclinaison caractéristique modifiée au fur et à mesure de l'avancée et de la couture des fils de chaîne.After stitching, and as illustrated in FIG. 3a, the sheet of warp threads (33) is secured to the support (15) via the binding threads (34). It can be observed in FIG. 3a that the width of the ply of the warp yarns (33) decreases from the top of the figure while going downwards, insofar as the comb has seen its characteristic inclination modified as and when the advance and sewing of the warp threads.
Cette inclinaison peut s'accentuer pour donner le résultat illustré à la figure 3b. Dans ce cas, les fils de chaîne (36) sont dans une configuration de plus en plus resserrée, de sorte qu'ils libèrent sur le support des zones latérales (31) libres de fils de chaîne. Ces zones (31) sont ensuite être éliminées par découpe, pour ne conserver que la partie du support située en dessous de la nappe de fils de chaîne (36).This inclination can be accentuated to give the result illustrated in Figure 3b. In this case, the warp threads (36) are in an increasingly narrow configuration, so that they release on the support free side regions (31) of warp threads. These areas (31) are then removed by cutting, to retain only the portion of the support located below the warp son sheet (36).
On notera que dans la zone la plus dense, les fils de chaîne sont les plus jointifs, et occupent donc une épaisseur légèrement supérieure. De même, le nombre de fils de liage étant constant sur toute la largeur, le nombre de fils de liage traversant la nappe de fils de chaîne (36) est moindre que dans les zones moins denses, telles qu'illustrées à la figure 3a.Note that in the densest area, the warp son are the most contiguous, and thus occupy a slightly greater thickness. Similarly, since the number of binding yarns is constant over the entire width, the number of binding yarns passing through the warp yarn sheet (36) is less than in the less dense areas, as illustrated in FIG. 3a.
De multiples réalisations peuvent être effectuées en fonction des propriétés mécaniques attendues, ainsi que des dimensions des objets destinés à intégrer les renforts.Multiple embodiments can be made according to the expected mechanical properties, as well as the dimensions of the objects intended to integrate the reinforcements.
Ainsi, à titre d'exemple, un renfort longitudinal utilisé pour la fabrication d'un ski peut être obtenu en utilisant en chaîne des fils de verre de 1 200 tex. Dans la configuration la plus large, la nappe de fils de chaîne présente une largeur de 126 mm, correspondant à 2,7 fils par centimètres, et une densité au niveau du renfort de l'ordre de 329 g/m2.Thus, for example, a longitudinal reinforcement used for the manufacture of a ski can be obtained by using glass son of 1,200 tex. In the widest configuration, the warp ply has a width of 126 mm, corresponding to 2.7 threads per centimeter, and a reinforcement density of the order of 329 g / m 2 .
Le peigne est ensuite progressivement incliné au fur et à mesure de l'avancée des fils de chaîne, jusqu'à atteindre une inclinaison supérieure à 60°. Dans cette configuration, la nappe de fils de chaîne présente une largeur de l'ordre de 72 mm, correspondant à 4,7 fils par centimètre et une densité au niveau du renfort de564 g/m2.The comb is then progressively inclined as the warp threads advance, until an inclination greater than 60 ° is reached. In this configuration, the warp web has a width of about 72 mm, corresponding to 4.7 threads per centimeter and a density at the reinforcement of 564 g / m 2 .
L'inclinaison du peigne est ensuite réduite pour atteindre la partie extrémale du renfort. Le peigne atteint alors une orientation de 35° environ, correspondant à une largeur de la nappe de fils de chaîne de 103 mm, c'est-à-dire 3,3 fils par centimètre, correspondant à une densité au niveau du renfort de 396 g/m2.The inclination of the comb is then reduced to reach the extremal part of the reinforcement. The comb then reaches an orientation of approximately 35 °, corresponding to a width of the ply of warp threads of 103 mm, that is to say 3.3 threads per centimeter, corresponding to a density at the level of the reinforcement of 396 g / m 2 .
Les fils de liage employés peuvent être des fils de polyester texturé 267 décitex, cousus sur une machine Malimo de jauge 10, c'est-à-dire possédant dix aiguilles au pouce, et donc des aiguilles séparées de 4 mm environ. L'armure utilisée pour la couture est une armure tricot, générant des zones de couture en zigzags. La couture a lieu avec environ 2,5 rangées de maille au centimètre.The binding yarns employed may be 267 decitex textured polyester yarns sewn on a
Un tel renfort est donc utilisable pour la réalisation de tissus présentant une ligne de cote correspondant à la variation de largeur de la nappe de fils de chaîne.Such a reinforcement is therefore usable for producing fabrics having a dimension line corresponding to the width variation of the warp ply.
Il ressort de ce qui précède que l'invention présente l'avantage majeur de permettre la réalisation de renforts unidirectionnels ou multidirectionnels, dont les fils dans le sens chaîne ne sont pas rectilignes, mais au contraire sont capables d'épouser n'importe quelle forme géométrique, en éliminant ainsi les risques d'effilochage et en optimisant le couple performances mécaniques/poids du renfort.It follows from the above that the invention has the major advantage of allowing the realization of unidirectional or multidirectional reinforcements, whose Yarns in the warp direction are not rectilinear, but instead are able to fit any geometric shape, thus eliminating the risk of fraying and optimizing the mechanical performance / weight ratio of the reinforcement.
Claims (14)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0651739A FR2900939B1 (en) | 2006-05-15 | 2006-05-15 | METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A TEXTILE REINFORCING ARTICLE, TEXTILE ARTICLE OBTAINED ACCORDING TO SAID METHOD, AND MACHINE FOR MANUFACTURING SUCH A ARTICLE |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP1857579A1 true EP1857579A1 (en) | 2007-11-21 |
EP1857579B1 EP1857579B1 (en) | 2013-07-17 |
Family
ID=37564216
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP07301032.4A Not-in-force EP1857579B1 (en) | 2006-05-15 | 2007-05-11 | Method of manufacturing a reinforcement textile article, textile article obtained according to this method, and machine for manufacturing such an article |
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EP (1) | EP1857579B1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2900939B1 (en) |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2425487A1 (en) * | 1978-05-12 | 1979-12-07 | Stevens Genin | Heat-hardenable synthetic resin reinforcement fabric - contains supplementary heat softenable weft, to avoid fraying when fabric is cut |
US4369554A (en) * | 1977-04-27 | 1983-01-25 | Les Fils D'auguste Chomarat & Cie | Method for the manufacture of non-woven textile fabrics |
FR2526818A1 (en) * | 1982-05-12 | 1983-11-18 | Chomarat Et Cie Ets Fils | NON-WOVEN TEXTILE GRILLE |
EP0193478A1 (en) * | 1985-02-22 | 1986-09-03 | ETABLISSEMENTS LES FILS D'Auguste CHOMARAT et Cie Société anonyme | Textile reinforcement for the manufacture of layered products |
EP0205276A2 (en) * | 1985-05-30 | 1986-12-17 | Composite Developments Limited | Making reinforced resinous sheet material |
FR2691638A1 (en) * | 1992-05-27 | 1993-12-03 | Rossignol Sa | Complex moulded structure e.g. for skis - has reinforcing layer of thermosetting resin impregnated textile material in sections of different texture, weight and impregnation degree |
-
2006
- 2006-05-15 FR FR0651739A patent/FR2900939B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2007
- 2007-05-11 EP EP07301032.4A patent/EP1857579B1/en not_active Not-in-force
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4369554A (en) * | 1977-04-27 | 1983-01-25 | Les Fils D'auguste Chomarat & Cie | Method for the manufacture of non-woven textile fabrics |
FR2425487A1 (en) * | 1978-05-12 | 1979-12-07 | Stevens Genin | Heat-hardenable synthetic resin reinforcement fabric - contains supplementary heat softenable weft, to avoid fraying when fabric is cut |
FR2526818A1 (en) * | 1982-05-12 | 1983-11-18 | Chomarat Et Cie Ets Fils | NON-WOVEN TEXTILE GRILLE |
EP0193478A1 (en) * | 1985-02-22 | 1986-09-03 | ETABLISSEMENTS LES FILS D'Auguste CHOMARAT et Cie Société anonyme | Textile reinforcement for the manufacture of layered products |
EP0205276A2 (en) * | 1985-05-30 | 1986-12-17 | Composite Developments Limited | Making reinforced resinous sheet material |
FR2691638A1 (en) * | 1992-05-27 | 1993-12-03 | Rossignol Sa | Complex moulded structure e.g. for skis - has reinforcing layer of thermosetting resin impregnated textile material in sections of different texture, weight and impregnation degree |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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FR2900939B1 (en) | 2008-06-06 |
FR2900939A1 (en) | 2007-11-16 |
EP1857579B1 (en) | 2013-07-17 |
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