EP1661698B1 - Printing unit of a printing machine - Google Patents
Printing unit of a printing machine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1661698B1 EP1661698B1 EP20060110188 EP06110188A EP1661698B1 EP 1661698 B1 EP1661698 B1 EP 1661698B1 EP 20060110188 EP20060110188 EP 20060110188 EP 06110188 A EP06110188 A EP 06110188A EP 1661698 B1 EP1661698 B1 EP 1661698B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- printing unit
- unit according
- layer
- printing
- cylinder
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Revoked
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
- B41F13/00—Common details of rotary presses or machines
- B41F13/08—Cylinders
- B41F13/085—Cylinders with means for preventing or damping vibrations or shocks
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
- B41F30/00—Devices for attaching coverings or make-ready devices; Guiding devices for coverings
- B41F30/04—Devices for attaching coverings or make-ready devices; Guiding devices for coverings attaching to transfer cylinders
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
- B41F7/00—Rotary lithographic machines
- B41F7/02—Rotary lithographic machines for offset printing
- B41F7/12—Rotary lithographic machines for offset printing using two cylinders one of which serves two functions, e.g. as a transfer and impression cylinder in perfecting machines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41N—PRINTING PLATES OR FOILS; MATERIALS FOR SURFACES USED IN PRINTING MACHINES FOR PRINTING, INKING, DAMPING, OR THE LIKE; PREPARING SUCH SURFACES FOR USE AND CONSERVING THEM
- B41N10/00—Blankets or like coverings; Coverings for wipers for intaglio printing
- B41N10/02—Blanket structure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41N—PRINTING PLATES OR FOILS; MATERIALS FOR SURFACES USED IN PRINTING MACHINES FOR PRINTING, INKING, DAMPING, OR THE LIKE; PREPARING SUCH SURFACES FOR USE AND CONSERVING THEM
- B41N10/00—Blankets or like coverings; Coverings for wipers for intaglio printing
- B41N10/02—Blanket structure
- B41N10/04—Blanket structure multi-layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41N—PRINTING PLATES OR FOILS; MATERIALS FOR SURFACES USED IN PRINTING MACHINES FOR PRINTING, INKING, DAMPING, OR THE LIKE; PREPARING SUCH SURFACES FOR USE AND CONSERVING THEM
- B41N2207/00—Location or type of the layers in shells for rollers of printing machines
- B41N2207/02—Top layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41N—PRINTING PLATES OR FOILS; MATERIALS FOR SURFACES USED IN PRINTING MACHINES FOR PRINTING, INKING, DAMPING, OR THE LIKE; PREPARING SUCH SURFACES FOR USE AND CONSERVING THEM
- B41N2207/00—Location or type of the layers in shells for rollers of printing machines
- B41N2207/14—Location or type of the layers in shells for rollers of printing machines characterised by macromolecular organic compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41N—PRINTING PLATES OR FOILS; MATERIALS FOR SURFACES USED IN PRINTING MACHINES FOR PRINTING, INKING, DAMPING, OR THE LIKE; PREPARING SUCH SURFACES FOR USE AND CONSERVING THEM
- B41N2210/00—Location or type of the layers in multi-layer blankets or like coverings
- B41N2210/02—Top layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41N—PRINTING PLATES OR FOILS; MATERIALS FOR SURFACES USED IN PRINTING MACHINES FOR PRINTING, INKING, DAMPING, OR THE LIKE; PREPARING SUCH SURFACES FOR USE AND CONSERVING THEM
- B41N2210/00—Location or type of the layers in multi-layer blankets or like coverings
- B41N2210/04—Intermediate layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41N—PRINTING PLATES OR FOILS; MATERIALS FOR SURFACES USED IN PRINTING MACHINES FOR PRINTING, INKING, DAMPING, OR THE LIKE; PREPARING SUCH SURFACES FOR USE AND CONSERVING THEM
- B41N2210/00—Location or type of the layers in multi-layer blankets or like coverings
- B41N2210/10—Location or type of the layers in multi-layer blankets or like coverings characterised by inorganic compounds, e.g. pigments
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41N—PRINTING PLATES OR FOILS; MATERIALS FOR SURFACES USED IN PRINTING MACHINES FOR PRINTING, INKING, DAMPING, OR THE LIKE; PREPARING SUCH SURFACES FOR USE AND CONSERVING THEM
- B41N2210/00—Location or type of the layers in multi-layer blankets or like coverings
- B41N2210/14—Location or type of the layers in multi-layer blankets or like coverings characterised by macromolecular organic compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41N—PRINTING PLATES OR FOILS; MATERIALS FOR SURFACES USED IN PRINTING MACHINES FOR PRINTING, INKING, DAMPING, OR THE LIKE; PREPARING SUCH SURFACES FOR USE AND CONSERVING THEM
- B41N7/00—Shells for rollers of printing machines
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
Definitions
- the invention relates to a printing unit of a printing press according to the preamble of claim 1.
- a printing blanket which consists of several layers and in extreme cases has a total thickness of 0.55 to 3.65 mm.
- the modulus of elasticity of cellular rubber sheets is between 0.2 and 50 MPa and between 0.1 and 25 MPa.
- the special structure of the blanket and the properties of the layers a blanket is achieved, which, when pressed together, does not tend to lateral displacement or protuberance.
- the DE 19 40 852 A1 discloses a printing blanket for offset printing which has a total thickness of approximately 1.9 mm.
- a shear modulus as stress at 0.25 mm deformation is given at approximately 4.6, 1.9 and 8.23 kg / cm 2 in the case of a thickness of the printing blanket.
- the goal here is to achieve a rapid recovery after a depression and a narrow thickness tolerance.
- the CH 426 903 discloses an offset blanket, with conventional indentation depths of 0 to 0.1 mm.
- An increase in the indentation from 0.05 to 0.1 mm requires or has a consequence in the surface pressure of about 20.6 N / cm 2 . That is, in this range for the indentation depth and surface pressures of up to about 40 N / cm 2 there would be a linearized "spring characteristic" with a slope of about 412 N / cm 2 / mm.
- the WO 01/39974 A2 discloses printing units with two together in anstelllage acting cylinders, wherein a forme cylinder in the region of its lateral surface an opening of an axially extending channel for fixing an end of one or more printing plates and a cooperating with the forme cylinder in a contact zone transfer cylinder in the region of its lateral surface has an elastic blanket.
- z. B. in the inking and / or dampening unit, and in particular in the offset process between printing cylinders, resorted to hard-soft regularly on the combination of materials.
- the surface pressure required for the ink transfer is achieved by pressing a yielding, z. B. elastomeric layer (soft elastomeric cover / elevator, blanket, metal blanket, sleeve) on a cooperating roller with largely incompressible and non-elastic surface area achieved.
- the contact force has changed permanently due to external conditions (long-wave interference)
- long-wave interference there is a risk of a print product that is too pale or too color-intensive until the time of a correction (waste).
- the contact force changes dynamically due to oscillations (short-wave interference), this manifests itself in the formation of visible stripes in the printed product.
- the invention has for its object to provide a printing unit of a printing press.
- the achievable with the present invention consist in particular that a lower sensitivity to changes or fluctuations in the contact force (surface pressure) is achieved, and thus a high quality of the printed product is easier to achieve and can be maintained.
- the transfer of the fluid is influenced by the execution of the elevator and / or the arrangement of the rollers to each other considerably less by vibrations.
- a spring characteristic, ie a slope in the dependence of the surface pressure of the indentation is at least in an advantageous range for the indentation in pressure-on position highest 700 (N / cm 2 ) / mm.
- An advantageous range of relative indentation of the elevator in the operating state is z. Between 5% and 10%. In particular, however, can ever Depending on the nature of the two co-acting rollers different areas for the relative indentation are preferred in order to achieve optimum results in terms of the required transition of the fluid at the same time as small as possible influence of fluctuations.
- the surface pressure varies in pressure-on position in an advantageous embodiment highest in a range between 60 and 220 N / cm 2 , or different sub-ranges for fluids, eg. As printing inks, with greatly different rheological properties and / or different printing processes. Especially in these areas or partial areas, the curve should fulfill the condition on the slope.
- a width of the contact zone formed by the pressing of the rollers in the Nipp has hitherto i. d. R. kept as small as possible.
- a widened nip point brings a higher line force and thus a greater static deflection with it.
- this disadvantage is overcompensated by the elevator according to the invention or the arrangement.
- a width of the nip is z. B. in an advantageous embodiment at least 10 mm, in particular greater than or equal to 12 mm. This can be achieved a favorable surface pressure.
- a vibration caused by a disturbance for. B. an interruption
- the excitation of this vibration or its amplitude can be reduced by the execution of the elevator and / or the arrangement of the rollers to each other.
- a width of the interruption in the circumferential direction is at most in the ratio 1: 3 to the width of the nip (impression strip) resulting from the pressing.
- the elevator or the layer allows the use of slimmer or even longer impression cylinders, ie a length of the diameter which is greater than the diameter Cylinder.
- a work machine, z. B. a printing press has rolling rollers 01 rolling against each other; 02, which in the region of their touch a nip 03, z. B. a nip 03, form.
- Fig. 1 shown Embodiment provide the cylinder 01; 02 is a forme cylinder 01 having an effective diameter D wPZ and a transfer cylinder 02 of an offset printing unit.
- the transfer cylinder 02 has on the lateral surface of a substantially incompressible, non-elastic core 04 with a diameter D GZK an elevator 05 or coating 05 with a soft, elastomeric layer 06 of a thickness t.
- a total thickness T of the elevator 05 is z. B. from the thickness t of the layer 06 and a thickness of an optionally associated with the layer 06 is substantially incompressible, inelastic carrier layer 10, for example, a metal plate, (by way of example in Fig. 8 shown) together. If the elevator 05 has no additional carrier layer 10, then the thickness t corresponds to the total thickness T.
- the layer 06 can be constructed as an inhomogeneous layer 06 of multiple layers, which in total have the required property for the layer 06.
- the effective diameter D wPZ is determined by the effective for rolling lateral surface of the forme cylinder 01 and optionally includes an applied on the lateral surface of a main body 07 elevator 08, z. B. a printing plate 08.
- the cylinder 01 hard surface can also be designed as acting together with the transfer cylinder 02 impression cylinder 01.
- the embodiment of the layer 06 set forth below is not dependent on the design of the rollers 01; 02 as a transfer and forme cylinder 01; 02 or bound to the execution with a printing plate 08.
- Fig. 1 schematically a profile for a surface pressure P in the nip of the two rollers 01 and 02 is shown.
- the surface pressure P extends over the entire area of the contact zone, wherein it reaches a maximum surface pressure P max at standstill at the level of a connecting plane V of the axes of rotation. This shifts in production to the incoming gap side due to the viscous force component.
- the contact zone and thus the profile has a width B.
- the maximum surface pressure P max is ultimately responsible for the color transfer and adjust accordingly.
- Fig. 2 schematically the profile of the surface pressure P for the case of a larger indentation S, which simultaneously causes a broadening of the width B. If, nevertheless, the maximum surface pressure Pmax be achieved, the integration of the surface pressure P over the entire width B leads to an increase in a force between the two rollers 01; 02.
- the absolute height of the surface pressure P in the nip 03 and their variation in the variation of the indentation S is largely determined by a spring characteristic of the layer 06 or the elevator 05 used with the layer 06.
- the spring characteristic represents the surface pressure P as a function of the indentation S.
- Fig. 3 By way of example, some spring characteristics of conventional elevators 05, in particular blankets 05 with a corresponding layer 06, are shown. The values are determined on a quasi-static stamp test bench in the laboratory. They are to be transferred in a suitable way to otherwise determined values.
- a slope .DELTA.P / .DELTA.S of the spring characteristic determines the fluctuation in the surface pressure P when the depression S (for example, when oscillating) changes.
- the magnitude of a fluctuation ⁇ P of the required maximum surface pressure P max in the nip 03 about the average surface pressure P approximately proportional to the slope ⁇ P / ⁇ S of the spring characteristics at the point S.
- an elevator a ( Fig.
- An elevator b has a lower pitch.
- Lifts 05 which as a whole or whose layer 06 as such has a large pitch ⁇ P / ⁇ S, in particular in the range of the required maximum surface pressure P max in the pressure-relevant area, are referred to below as “hard”, those with a small pitch ⁇ P / ⁇ S referred to as “soft”.
- the elevator 05 or the layer 06 is now executed as a "soft" elevator 05 or "soft” layer 06.
- a "hard” elevator 05 or a hard layer 06 performs a same relative movements of the rollers 01; 02 (or change in the distance A) thus in a soft elevator 05 to a smaller change in the surface pressure P and thus to a reduction in the fluctuations in the color transfer.
- the soft elevator 05 thus causes a lower sensitivity of the printing process to vibrations and / or deviations at intervals from a desired value. Due to smaller changes in the surface pressure P due to relative movements of the rollers 01; 02 are z. B. vibration strip in the printed product in soft elevators 05 or with elevators 05 with soft layer 06 visible only at higher vibration amplitudes.
- the surface pressure varies in pressure-on position in an advantageous embodiment highest in a range between 60 and 220 N / cm 2 .
- fluids e.g. As printing inks, with very different rheological properties, different areas within the above-mentioned area for the surface pressure may be preferred.
- the range for the wet offset (color and dampening) z Between 60 and 120 N / cm 2 , in particular from 80 to 100 N / cm 2 , while in the case of dry offset (no dampening solution, only paint on form cylinder) z.
- B between 100 and 220 N / cm 2 , in particular 120 to 180 N / cm 2 . Especially in these areas, the slope should meet the condition on the slope.
- the pressure-relevant area for the surface pressure P max is advantageously between 60 and 220 N / cm 2 .
- fluids e.g. As printing inks, with very different rheological properties, different areas within the above-mentioned area for the surface pressure may be preferred.
- the range for the wet offset z. B. between 60 and 120 N / cm 2 , in particular from 80 to 100 N / cm 2 (in Fig. 3 shaded), while in the case of dry offset z. B. between 100 and 220 N / cm 2 , in particular from 120 to 180 N / cm 2 varies.
- a soft elevator 05 (or its layer 06) at least in the range of 80 to 100 N / cm 2, a slope .DELTA.P / .DELTA.S of z. B. ⁇ P / ⁇ S ⁇ 700 (N / cm 2 ) / mm, in particular ⁇ P / ⁇ S ⁇ 500 (N / cm 2 ) / mm.
- the slope .DELTA.P / .DELTA.S should be smaller in the area concerned for the surface pressure P by at least a factor of two than is currently the case for elevators 05 in offset printing.
- the layer 06 a greater strength t or the elevator 05 a greater total thickness T than usual on.
- the thickness t of the functional layer 06 in terms of elasticity or compressibility amounts, for example, to 3.0 to 6.3 mm, in particular 3.7 to 5.7 mm.
- the strength of one or more u. U. associated with the layer 06 substantially incompressible and inelastic layers on the core 04 side facing, which are connected to the layer 06 for the purpose of dimensional and / or dimensional stability (not shown).
- This carrier layer 10 or carrier layers 10 which is functionally not functional for the "softness" of the elevator but rather for the dimensional stability, can also be arranged between the "soft" layers.
- the specified thickness t of the layer 06 in the case of several layers of layers 06 refers to the sum of the "partial layers" functionally responsible for the above-described characteristic (dependence on surface pressure / indentation) and the elasticity or compressibility.
- An elevator 05 then has, for example together with carrier layer (s) 10, the total thickness T of 3.5 to 6.5 mm, in particular 3.9 to 5.9 mm.
- the "soft" elevator 05 (or layer 06) is preferably operated with a higher indentation S in comparison to conventional indentations S (shown schematically in FIG Fig. 2 compared to Fig. 1 shown), ie the two rollers 01; 02 are related to their respective effective but undisturbed diameter D wGZ , D wPZ further hired.
- an optimal maximum surface pressure P max is achieved despite a smaller pitch .DELTA.P / .DELTA.S.
- the employment of the rollers 01; 02 together takes place in an advantageous embodiment such that the indentation S to at least 0.18 mm, z. B. to 0.18 to 0.60 mm, in particular 0.25 to 0.50 mm, amounts.
- a resulting by indentation S of the layer 06 width B of the contact zone in a projection perpendicular to a joint plane V of their axes of rotation is in an advantageous embodiment at least 5% of the undisturbed effective diameter D wGZ of the roller 02 with 06 layer.
- the design and / or arrangement of the "soft" elevator 05 is particularly advantageous when one of the two co-operating rollers 01; 02 (or both) at least one interference affecting the unwinding 09; 11 on her having effective lateral surface.
- This disorder 09; 11 can as a break 09; 11 an axially extending shock 09; 11 two ends of one or more elevators 05; 08 be.
- This channel 09; 11 has an opening towards the lateral surface, through which the ends are guided.
- the channel 09; 11 a device for clamping and / or tensioning the elevator 05; 08 or the elevators 05; 08 have.
- the width B09; B11 of the channel 09; 11 is smaller than the width B of the contact zone.
- at least always based areas of co-operating lateral surfaces in the contact zone from each other it also results in a reduction in the height and a flatter course (broadening of the pulse) for the force of the impact excitation.
- Softer lifts 05 or softer layers 06 thus lead to narrow channels 09 11 to a weakening and a temporal extension of the channel impact.
- ends of a metal blanket may be arranged in the channel 11.
- the layer 06 is in this case on a dimensionally stable support, for.
- a thin metal plate (a plate), applied, the folded ends in the Channel 11 are arranged.
- the channel 11 can then extremely narrow in the circumferential direction, z. B. less than or equal to 5 mm, in particular less than or equal to 3 mm.
- the channel 09 in an advantageous embodiment with a width in the circumferential direction is less than or equal to 5 mm, in particular less than or equal to 3 mm.
- the permissible ratio B09: B or B11: B is an embodiment, wherein the width B09; B11 of the channel 09; 11 in the region of its opening or mouth to the lateral surface of the core 04 or main body 07 in the circumferential direction at most in the ratio 1: 3 to the resultant by the pressing width B of the contact zone (impression strip) is.
- the soft layer 06 preferably has a reduced damping constant compared to commonly used materials, so that no higher flexing heat is generated in spite of the higher loading and unloading speeds occurring due to the higher indentation S during unrolling.
- the layer 06 must be designed such that a sufficiently rapid recovery or springing takes place after passing through the nip 03 in the starting position, so that, for example, when in contact with a paint roller or another cylinder already present the output strength.
- Double printing unit 12 executed printing unit 12 is shown.
- the forme cylinder 01 associated transfer cylinder 02 of a first cylinder pair 01; 02 acts on a substrate 13, z. B. a web 13 with a likewise designed as a transfer cylinder 14 impression cylinder 14 together, which is also associated with a forme cylinder 16.
- All four cylinders 01; 02; 14; 16 are mechanically driven independently of each other by means of different drive motors 17 ( Fig. 4 ).
- a Modification are forming and transfer cylinders 01; 02; 14; 16 coupled in pairs by a paired drive motor 17 (on the forme cylinder 01, 16, on the transfer cylinder 02, 14 or parallel) driven ( Fig. 5 ).
- the form cylinder 01; 16 and the transfer cylinder 02; 14 are in a first embodiment as a cylinder 01; 02; 14; 16 double circumference, ie with a circumference of substantially two stationary printed pages, in particular of two newspaper pages executed. They are with effective diameters D wGZ ; D wPZ made between 260 to 400 mm, in particular 280 to 350 mm.
- the transfer cylinder 02; 14 each have at least one elevator 05 a total thickness T of 3.5 to 6.5 mm, in particular from 3.9 to 5.9 mm.
- the slope .DELTA.P / .DELTA.S of the spring characteristic is at least in the pressure-relevant area (see above) below 700 (Ncm 2 /) mm, in particular below 500 (Ncm 2 /) mm.
- Shaping and transfer cylinder 01; 02; 14; 16 are set in pairs in such a way that the width B of the contact zone between the forming and transfer cylinders 01; 02; 14; 16 in Anstelllage 14 to 25 mm, in particular 17 to 21 mm. This configuration largely minimizes sensitivity to vibration and inexact positioning.
- the individual drives by the drive motors 17 support this by the mechanical decoupling.
- the forme cylinder 01; 16 and the transfer cylinder 02; 14 as a cylinder 01; 02; 14; 16 simple circumference, ie with a circumference of substantially a standing pressure side, especially from a newspaper page executed. They are with effective diameters D wGZ ; D wPZ running between 150 to 190 mm.
- the transfer cylinder 02; 11 On the lateral surface of the core 04, the transfer cylinder 02; 11 each have at least one elevator 05 a total thickness T of 3.5 to 6.5 mm, in particular from 3.9 to 5.9 mm.
- the slope .DELTA.P / .DELTA.S of the spring characteristic is at least in the pressure-relevant area (see above) again below 700 (Ncm 2 /) mm, in particular below 500 (Ncm 2 /) mm.
- Shaping and transfer cylinder 01; 02; 14; 16 are set in pairs in such a way that the width B of Contact zone between the forming and transfer cylinder 01; 02; 14; 16 in Anstelllage 10 to 18 mm, in particular 12 to 15 mm.
- the transfer cylinder 02; 14 each have at least one elevator 05 a total thickness T of 3.5 to 6.5 mm, in particular from 3.9 to 5.9 mm.
- the slope .DELTA.P / .DELTA.S of the spring characteristic is at least in the pressure-relevant area (see above) again below 700 (Ncm 2 /) mm, in particular below 500 (Ncm 2 /) mm.
- Shaping and transfer cylinder 01; 02; 14; 16 are set in pairs in such a way that the width B of the contact zone between the forming and transfer cylinders 01; 02; 14; 16 in Anstelllage 12 to 20 mm, in particular 15 to 19 mm.
- a pressure unit 19 is shown, which is either part of a larger printing unit, such.
- B. a five-cylinder, nine-cylinder or ten-cylinder printing unit is, or is operable as a three-cylinder printing unit 19.
- the transfer cylinder 02 acts here with a cylinder leading to no ink 18, z.
- B. a counter-pressure cylinder 18 such as in particular a satellite cylinder 18, together.
- the "soft" lateral surface of the transfer cylinder 02 now interacts with the "hard” lateral surface of the forme cylinder 01 on one side, and with the "hard” lateral surface of the satellite cylinder 18 on the other side.
- the or more satellite cylinder 18 has its own drive motor 17, while the pair of forming and transfer cylinder 01; 02 mechanically coupled by a common drive motor ( Fig. 6 ), or are mechanically driven independently of each other by a separate drive motor 17 ( Fig. 7 ).
- Form cylinder 01, transfer cylinder 02 and satellite cylinder 18 are in a first embodiment of Fig. 6 or 7 as a cylinder 01; 02; 18 double circumference with effective diameters D wGZ ; D wPZ ; D wSZ made between 260 to 400 mm, especially 280 to 350 mm.
- the transfer cylinder 02; 11 each have at least one elevator 05 a total thickness T of 3.5 to 6.5 mm, in particular from 3.9 to 5.9 mm.
- the slope .DELTA.P / .DELTA.S of the spring characteristic is at least in the pressure-relevant area (see above) below 700 (Ncm 2 /) mm, in particular below 500 (Ncm 2 /) mm.
- Shaping and transfer cylinder 01; 02 and transfer cylinder 02; and satellite cylinder 18 are each set in pairs in such a way that the width B of the contact zone in Anstelllage each 14 to 25 mm, in particular 17 to 21 mm.
- a second embodiment for Fig. 6 or 7 are form cylinder 01, transfer cylinder 02 and satellite cylinder 18 as cylinder 01; 02; 18 simple circumference, ie with a circumference of substantially a standing pressure side, in particular from a newspaper page executed. They are with effective diameters D wGZ ; D wPZ ; D wSZ performed between 120 to 180 mm, in particular 130 to 170 mm.
- the transfer cylinder 02; 11 each have at least one elevator 05 a total thickness T of 3.5 to 6.5 mm, in particular from 3.9 to 5.9 mm.
- the slope .DELTA.P / .DELTA.S of the spring characteristic is at least in the pressure-relevant area (see above) again below 700 (Ncm 2 /) mm, in particular below 500 (Ncm 2 /) mm.
- Shaping and transfer cylinder 01; 02 and transfer cylinder 02; and satellite cylinder 18 are each paired in such a position that the width B of the contact zone in Anstelllage each 10 to 18 mm, in particular 12 to 15 mm.
- the aforementioned elevator 05 or the layer 06 is z. B. in a printing unit with one or more long, but slender cylinders 01; 02; 14; 16 arranged.
- the forme cylinder 01; 16 and the transfer cylinder 02; 14 z. B. in the region of their bales each have a length which four or more widths of a printed page, z. B. a newspaper page, z. B. 1100 to 1,800 mm, in particular 1,500 to 1,700 mm corresponds.
- the diameter D wGZ ; D wPZ at least of the forme cylinder 01; 16 is z. B. 145 to 190 mm, in particular 150 to 185 mm, which corresponds in scope substantially a length of a newspaper page ("single circumference").
- the device is advantageous in which the ratio between the diameter and length of the cylinder 01, 02; 14; 16; 18 is less than or equal to 0.16, in particular less than 0.12, or even less than or equal to 0.08.
- the diameter of at least the forme cylinder 01; 16 is in a variant z. B. at 260 to 340 mm, in particular 280 to 300 mm, and in another variant z. B. at 290 to 380 mm, in particular at 300 to 370 mm, which corresponds in scope substantially two lengths of a newspaper page ("double circumference").
- a ratio of the diameter D wGZ ; D wPZ at least of the forme cylinder 01; 16 to its length here is 0.11 to 0.17, in particular 0.13 to 0.16.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Printing Plates And Materials Therefor (AREA)
- Inking, Control Or Cleaning Of Printing Machines (AREA)
- Rolls And Other Rotary Bodies (AREA)
- Registering, Tensioning, Guiding Webs, And Rollers Therefor (AREA)
- Printing Methods (AREA)
- Printers Or Recording Devices Using Electromagnetic And Radiation Means (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Printed Wiring (AREA)
- Rotary Presses (AREA)
- Delivering By Means Of Belts And Rollers (AREA)
- Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)
- Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)
- Lifting Devices For Agricultural Implements (AREA)
- Actuator (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Druckwerk einer Druckmaschine gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a printing unit of a printing press according to the preamble of claim 1.
Durch die
Die
Die
Die
Für den Übertrag von Farbe oder anderen Fluids zwischen zwei Walzen einer Druckmaschine wird, z. B. im Farb- und/oder Feuchtwerk sowie insbesondere im Offset-Verfahren zwischen Druckwerkszylindern, regelmäßig auf die Werkstoffkombination hartweich zurückgegriffen. Die für den Farbübertrag erforderliche Flächenpressung wird durch Eindrücken einer nachgiebigen, z. B. elastomeren Schicht (weicher elastomerer Bezug /Aufzug, Gummituch, Metalldrucktuch, Sleeve) an einer zusammen wirkenden Walze mit weitgehend inkompressibler und nichtelastische Mantelfläche erreicht.For the transfer of color or other fluids between two rolls of a printing press, z. B. in the inking and / or dampening unit, and in particular in the offset process between printing cylinders, resorted to hard-soft regularly on the combination of materials. The surface pressure required for the ink transfer is achieved by pressing a yielding, z. B. elastomeric layer (soft elastomeric cover / elevator, blanket, metal blanket, sleeve) on a cooperating roller with largely incompressible and non-elastic surface area achieved.
Für den gleichmäßigen Übergang des Fluids ist eine in engen Bereichen vorgegebene Anstellkraft sowie deren Konstanz ein wesentliches Kriterium. Treten nun Schwankungen im Abstand der zusammen wirkenden Walzen, z. B. durch Unwucht oder durch Störungen bei der Abrollung der Walzen induzierte Schwingungen auf, so ändert sich die Anstellkraft (Flächenpressung) und damit auch das Übertragungsverhalten für das Fluid. An Stellen unterbrochener bzw. verringerter Berührung, z.B. am Platten- oder Gummituchspannkanal, verringert sich somit beispielsweise periodisch die Flächenpressung woraus eine Schwingungsanregung der Druckzylinder resultiert. Im Bereich der Drucktechnik äußert sich dies durch Veränderung in der Farbintensität im Druckbild. Hat sich beispielsweise die Anstellkraft durch äußere Bedingungen dauerhaft verändert (langwellige Störung), so besteht die Gefahr eines zu blassen oder zu farbintensiven Druckproduktes bis zum Zeitpunkt einer Korrektur (Makulatur). Ändert sich die Anstellkraft dynamisch durch Schwingungen (kurzwellige Störung) so äußert sich dies in der Bildung von sichtbaren Streifen im Druckprodukt.For the uniform transition of the fluid is a given in narrow ranges of contact force and their constancy is an essential criterion. Now occur fluctuations in the distance of the cooperating rollers, z. B. by imbalance or by disturbances in the unwinding of the rolls induced vibrations, so the contact pressure (surface pressure) and thus the transfer behavior for the fluid changes. At points of interrupted or reduced contact, e.g. at the plate or blanket clamping channel, thus reducing, for example, periodically the surface pressure resulting in a vibration excitation of the printing cylinder. In the field of printing technology, this is expressed by changes in the color intensity in the printed image. If, for example, the contact force has changed permanently due to external conditions (long-wave interference), there is a risk of a print product that is too pale or too color-intensive until the time of a correction (waste). If the contact force changes dynamically due to oscillations (short-wave interference), this manifests itself in the formation of visible stripes in the printed product.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Druckwerk einer Druckmaschine zu schaffen.The invention has for its object to provide a printing unit of a printing press.
Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.The object is achieved by the features of claim 1.
Die mit der Erfindung erzielbaren Vorteile bestehen insbesondere darin, dass eine geringere Empfindlichkeit gegenüber Veränderungen bzw. Schwankungen in der Anstellkraft (Flächenpressung) erreicht wird, und damit eine hohe Qualität des Druckproduktes einfacher erreichbar ist und aufrechterhalten werden kann. Durch spezielle Aufzüge, einer optimierten Auslegung der Zylinder sowie deren Anordnung kann der Einfluß der Zylinderbewegungen auf den Farbübertrag verringert werden. In einer besonders günstigen Ausführungsform mit schmalen Stellen unterbrochener bzw. verringerter Berührung wird zudem die Schwingungsanregung selbst reduziert.The achievable with the present invention consist in particular that a lower sensitivity to changes or fluctuations in the contact force (surface pressure) is achieved, and thus a high quality of the printed product is easier to achieve and can be maintained. Special lifts, an optimized design of the cylinders and their arrangement, the influence of the cylinder movements can be reduced to the color transfer. In a particularly favorable embodiment with narrow points interrupted or reduced contact the vibration excitation itself is also reduced.
Die Übertragung des Fluids wird durch die Ausführung des Aufzuges und/oder die Anordnung der Walzen zueinander erheblich weniger durch Schwingungen beeinflußt. Gleiches gilt z. B. auch für durch Prozeßänderungen induzierte Störungen (Geschwindigkeit, wechselnde Materialstärke einer Bahn, Anstellen/Abstellen weiterer Walzen), für Abstandsabweichungen infolge von Ungenauigkeiten bei der Zustellung (Anschläge, endliche Steifigkeit, Fertigungstoleranzen) sowie von Veränderungen in der Aufzugstärke durch Verschleiß (langwellig) und/oder unvollständige Rückbildung nach Durchlaufen der Nippstelle (kurzwellig oder langwellig).The transfer of the fluid is influenced by the execution of the elevator and / or the arrangement of the rollers to each other considerably less by vibrations. The same applies z. B. also for induced by process changes disturbances (speed, changing material thickness of a web, hiring / stopping other rollers), for distance deviations due to inaccuracies in the delivery (stops, finite rigidity, manufacturing tolerances) and changes in the lift strength due to wear (long-wave) and / or incomplete recovery after passing through the nip point (shortwave or longwave).
Dies wird insbesondere dadurch erreicht, dass der Aufzug derart ausgestaltet bzw. die Walze mit einem entsprechenden Aufzug ausgeführt wird, dass eine Abhängigkeit der resultierenden Flächenpressung bei Variation der Eindrückung erheblich flacher verläuft als üblich. Eine Federkennlinie, d. h. eine Steigung in der Abhängigkeit der Flächenpressung von der Eindrückung beträgt zumindest in einem vorteilhaften Bereich für die Eindrückung in Druck-An-Stellung höchsten 700 (N/cm2)/mm.This is achieved, in particular, by the elevator being designed in such a way or the roller being designed with a corresponding elevator that a dependence of the resulting surface pressure on variation of the indentation is considerably flatter than usual. A spring characteristic, ie a slope in the dependence of the surface pressure of the indentation is at least in an advantageous range for the indentation in pressure-on position highest 700 (N / cm 2 ) / mm.
Ein vorteilhafter Bereich einer relativen Eindrückung des Aufzuges im Betriebszustand (Druck-An-Stellung) liegt z. B. zwischen 5 % und 10 %. Insbesondere können jedoch je nach Art der beiden zusammen wirkenden Walzen unterschiedliche Bereiche für die relative Eindrückung bevorzugt werden um optimale Ergebnisse im Hinblick auf den erforderlichen Übergang des Fluids bei gleichzeitig möglichst kleinem Einfluß von Schwankungen zu erreichen.An advantageous range of relative indentation of the elevator in the operating state (pressure on position) is z. Between 5% and 10%. In particular, however, can ever Depending on the nature of the two co-acting rollers different areas for the relative indentation are preferred in order to achieve optimum results in terms of the required transition of the fluid at the same time as small as possible influence of fluctuations.
Die Flächenpressung variiert in Druck-An-Stellung in vorteilhafter Ausführung höchsten in einem Bereich zwischen 60 und 220 N/cm2, bzw. verschiedene Unterbereiche für Fluids, z. B. Druckfarben, mit stark unterschiedlichen rheologischen Eigenschaften und/oder verschiedene Druckverfahren. Insbesondere in diesen Bereichen bzw. Teilbereichen sollte die Kurve die Bedingung an die Steigung erfüllen.The surface pressure varies in pressure-on position in an advantageous embodiment highest in a range between 60 and 220 N / cm 2 , or different sub-ranges for fluids, eg. As printing inks, with greatly different rheological properties and / or different printing processes. Especially in these areas or partial areas, the curve should fulfill the condition on the slope.
Die Breite der durch das Anpressen der Walzen entstehende Berührungszone im Nipp wurde bislang i. d. R. möglichst klein gehalten. Eine verbreiterte Nippstelle bringt eine höhere Linienkraft und damit eine größere statische Durchbiegung mit sich. Dieser Nachteil wird durch den erfindungsgemäßen Aufzug bzw. die Anordnung jedoch überkompensiert. Eine Breite der Nippstelle liegt z. B. in einer vorteilhafter Ausführung bei mindestens 10 mm, insbesondere größer oder gleich 12 mm. Damit kann eine vorteilhafte Flächenpressung erreicht werden.The width of the contact zone formed by the pressing of the rollers in the Nipp has hitherto i. d. R. kept as small as possible. A widened nip point brings a higher line force and thus a greater static deflection with it. However, this disadvantage is overcompensated by the elevator according to the invention or the arrangement. A width of the nip is z. B. in an advantageous embodiment at least 10 mm, in particular greater than or equal to 12 mm. This can be achieved a favorable surface pressure.
Für den Fall, dass eine Schwingung durch eine Störung, z. B. eine Unterbrechung, auf einer der Mantelflächen der direkt oder über eine Bahn zusammen wirkenden Walzen induziert wird, kann durch die Ausführung des Aufzuges und/oder die Anordnung der Walzen zueinander auch die Anregung dieser Schwingung bzw. deren Amplitude reduziert werden. Dies gilt insbesondere für eine Ausführung, wobei eine Breite der Unterbrechung in Umfangsrichtung höchstens im Verhältnis 1 : 3 zu der durch das Andrücken entstehenden Breite des Nipps (Abdruckstreifens) steht.In the event that a vibration caused by a disturbance, for. B. an interruption, is induced on one of the lateral surfaces of directly or via a web acting together rollers, the excitation of this vibration or its amplitude can be reduced by the execution of the elevator and / or the arrangement of the rollers to each other. This applies in particular to an embodiment, wherein a width of the interruption in the circumferential direction is at most in the ratio 1: 3 to the width of the nip (impression strip) resulting from the pressing.
Generell erlaubt der Aufzug bzw. die Schicht die Verwendung schlankerer oder auch längerer Druckzylinder, d. h. einer gegenüber dem Durchmesser große Länge der Zylinder.In general, the elevator or the layer allows the use of slimmer or even longer impression cylinders, ie a length of the diameter which is greater than the diameter Cylinder.
Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in den Zeichnungen dargestellt und werden im folgenden näher beschrieben.Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and will be described in more detail below.
Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- eine schematische Darstellung der Linienkraft zwischen zwei Walzen unter Verwendung eines konventionellen Aufzuges;
- Fig. 2
- eine schematische Darstellung der Linienkraft zwischen zwei Walzen unter Verwendung eines erfindungsgemäßen Aufzuges;
- Fig. 3
- eine gemessene Flächenpressung bei Variation der Einpressung;
- Fig. 4
- Ausführungsbeispiel für eine Druckeinheit;
- Fig. 5
- Ausführungsbeispiel für eine Druckeinheit;
- Fig. 6
- Ausführungsbeispiel für eine Druckeinheit;
- Fig. 7
- Ausführungsbeispiel für eine Druckeinheit;
- Fig. 8
- eine schematische Darstellung eines Aufzuges mit Trägerschicht.
- Fig. 1
- a schematic representation of the line force between two rollers using a conventional elevator;
- Fig. 2
- a schematic representation of the line force between two rollers using a lift according to the invention;
- Fig. 3
- a measured surface pressure with variation of the insertion;
- Fig. 4
- Exemplary embodiment of a printing unit;
- Fig. 5
- Exemplary embodiment of a printing unit;
- Fig. 6
- Exemplary embodiment of a printing unit;
- Fig. 7
- Exemplary embodiment of a printing unit;
- Fig. 8
- a schematic representation of a lift with carrier layer.
Eine Arbeitsmaschine, z. B. eine Druckmaschine, weist aufeinander abrollende Walzen 01; 02 auf, welche im Bereich ihrer Berührung eine Nippstelle 03, z. B. einen Walzenspalt 03, bilden. Dies können im Falle der Druckmaschine Walzen 01; 02 eines Farbwerks, eines Lackierwerks, oder Zylinder 01; 02 eines Druckwerks sein. Im in
In Abhängigkeit von der Beistellung der beiden Zylinder 01; 02, d. h. deren Achsabstand A, "taucht" die weitgehend inkompressible, nichtelastische Mantelfläche des Formzylinders 01 in die weiche Schicht 06 und verursacht gegenüber dem ungestörten Verlauf der Schicht 06 eine Eindrückung S. Aufgrund der Rückstellkräfte führt eine schwankende oder sich verändernde Eindrückung S i. d. R. zu einer schwankenden bzw. sich verändernden Flächenpressung P im Walzenspalt 03 und verursacht die o. g. Probleme in der Qualität der Farbübertragung und letztlich im Druckprodukt.Depending on the provision of the two
In
Im Vergleich zu
Die absolute Höhe der Flächenpressung P im Walzenspalt 03 sowie deren Schwankung bei Variation der Eindrückung S wird maßgeblich durch eine Federkennlinie der verwendeten Schicht 06 bzw. des verwendeten Aufzuges 05 mit der Schicht 06 bestimmt. Die Federkennlinie stellt die Flächenpressung P in Abhängigkeit von der Eindrückung S dar. In
Aus
Aufzüge 05, welche entweder als ganzes oder deren Schicht 06 als solche eine große Steigung ΔP/ΔS, insbesondere im Bereich der erforderlichen maximalen Flächenpressung Pmax im druckrelevanten Bereich, aufweist, werden im folgenden als "hart", solche mit kleiner Steigung ΔP/ΔS als "weich" bezeichnet.
Der Aufzug 05 bzw. die Schicht 06 wird nun als "weicher" Aufzug 05 bzw. "weiche" Schicht 06 ausgeführt. Gegenüber einem "harten" Aufzug 05 bzw. einer harten Schicht 06 führt eine selbe Relativbewegungen der Walzen 01; 02 (bzw. Änderung des Abstandes A ) somit bei einem weichen Aufzug 05 zu einer geringeren Änderung der Flächenpressung P und damit zu einer Reduktion der Schwankungen im Farbübertrag. Der weiche Aufzug 05 bewirkt somit eine geringere Empfindlichkeit des Druckprozesses gegenüber Schwingungen und/oder Abweichungen in Abständen von einem Sollwert. Durch geringere Änderungen der Flächenpressung P infolge Relativbewegungen der Walzen 01; 02 sind z. B. Schwingungsstreifen im Druckprodukt bei weichen Aufzügen 05 bzw. mit Aufzügen 05 mit weicher Schicht 06 erst bei größeren Schwingungsamplituden sichtbar.The
Die Flächenpressung variiert in Druck-An-Stellung in vorteilhafter Ausführung höchsten in einem Bereich zwischen 60 und 220 N/cm2. Für Fluids, z. B. Druckfarben, mit stark unterschiedlichen rheologischen Eigenschaften können unterschiedliche Bereiche innerhalb des o. g. Bereichs für die Flächenpressung bevorzugt sein. So variiert der Bereich für den Nassoffset (Farbe und Feuchtmittel) z. B. zwischen 60 und 120 N/cm2, insbesondere von 80 bis 100 N/cm2, während er für den Fall des Trockenoffset (kein Feuchtmittel, nur Farbauftrag auf Formzylinder) z. B. zwischen 100 und 220 N/cm2, insbesondere 120 bis 180 N/cm2. Insbesondere in diesen Bereichen sollte die Steigung die Bedingung an die Steigung erfüllen.The surface pressure varies in pressure-on position in an advantageous embodiment highest in a range between 60 and 220 N / cm 2 . For fluids, e.g. As printing inks, with very different rheological properties, different areas within the above-mentioned area for the surface pressure may be preferred. Thus, the range for the wet offset (color and dampening) z. Between 60 and 120 N / cm 2 , in particular from 80 to 100 N / cm 2 , while in the case of dry offset (no dampening solution, only paint on form cylinder) z. B. between 100 and 220 N / cm 2 , in particular 120 to 180 N / cm 2 . Especially in these areas, the slope should meet the condition on the slope.
Der druckrelevante Bereich für die Flächenpressung Pmax liegt vorteilhaft zwischen 60 bis 220 N/cm2. Für Fluids, z. B. Druckfarben, mit stark unterschiedlichen rheologischen Eigenschaften können unterschiedliche Bereiche innerhalb des o. g. Bereichs für die Flächenpressung bevorzugt sein. So variiert der Bereich für den Nassoffset z. B. zwischen 60 und 120 N/cm2, insbesondere von 80 bis 100 N/cm2 (in
In einer vorteilhafter Ausführung weist, wie in
Der "weiche" Aufzug 05 (bzw. Schicht 06) wird vorzugsweise mit einer höheren Eindrückung S im Vergleich zu üblichen Eindrückungen S betrieben (schematisch in
Eine relative Eindrückung S*, d. h. die auf die Stärke t der Schicht 06 bezogene Eindrückung S, liegt z. B. ohne Berücksichtigung der speziellen Ausführung der Walzen 01; 02 z. B. zwischen 5 % und 10 %, insbesondere jedoch zwischen 6 % und 8 %.A relative indentation S *, d. H. the depression on the thickness t of the layer 06 S, z. B. without taking into account the special design of the
Eine durch Eindrückung S der Schicht 06 resultierende Breite B der Berührungszone in einer Projektion senkrecht zu einer Verbindungsebene V ihrer Rotationsachsen beträgt in vorteilhafter Ausführung mindestens 5 % des ungestörten wirksamen Durchmessers DwGZ der Walze 02 mit Schicht 06.A resulting by indentation S of the
Wie oben beschrieben, ist die Ausführung und/oder Anordnung des "weichen" Aufzugs 05 besonders vorteilhaft, wenn eine der beiden zusammen wirkenden Walzen 01; 02 (oder auch beide) mindestens eine die Abrollung beeinflussende Störung 09; 11 auf ihrer wirksamen Mantelfläche aufweist. Diese Störung 09; 11 kann als Unterbrechung 09; 11 ein axial verlaufender Stoß 09; 11 zweier Enden eines oder mehrerer Aufzüge 05; 08 sein. Insbesondere kann die Störung 09; 11 jedoch durch einen axial verlaufenden Kanal 09; 11 zur Befestigung von Enden eines oder mehrerer Aufzüge 05; 08 hervorgerufen sein. Dieser Kanal 09; 11 weist zur Mantelfläche hin eine Öffnung auf, durch welche die Enden geführt sind. Im Inneren kann der Kanal 09; 11 eine Vorrichtung zum Klemmen und/oder Spannen des Aufzuges 05; 08 bzw. der Aufzüge 05; 08 aufweisen.As described above, the design and / or arrangement of the "soft"
Beim Überrollen des Kanals 09; 11 bzw. der Kanäle 09; 11 werden Schwingungen angeregt. Ist eine Breite B09; B11 des Kanals 09; 11 in Umfangsrichtung gesehen größer als die Breite B der Berührungszone ausgeführt, so wird beim Durchgang des Kanals 09; 11 eine Schwingung mit vergrößerter Amplitude angeregt, da aufgrund der o. g. größeren Breite B der Berührungszone eine größere Linienkraft zwischen den beiden Walzen 01; 02 wirkt. Dennoch ist die Zunahme der Schwingungsamplituden aufgrund der höheren Linienkraft geringer als die Abnahme der Schwingungsempfindlichkeit durch die Weichheit der Schicht 06, so dass sich insgesamt eine Reduktion der Empfindlichkeit gegenüber Schwingungen ergibt.When rolling over the
Die Breite B09; B11 des Kanals 09; 11 ist kleiner zu wählen als die Breite B der Berührungszone. In diesem Fall stützen sich zumindest immer Bereiche der zusammen wirkenden Mantelflächen in der Berührungszone aufeinander ab, es ergibt sich zusätzlich eine Abschwächung in der Höhe und ein flacherer Verlauf (Verbreiterung des Impulses) für die Kraft der Schlaganregung. Weichere Aufzüge 05 bzw. weichere Schichten 06 führen bei schmalen Kanälen 09 11 somit zu einer Abschwächung und einer zeitlichen Verlängerung des Kanalschlages.The width B09; B11 of the
Im Fall des Übertragungszylinders 02 können Enden eines Metalldrucktuchs im Kanal 11 angeordnet sein. Die Schicht 06 ist in diesem Fall auf einem dimensionsstabilen Träger, z. B. einer dünnen Metallplatte (einem Blech), aufgebracht, deren abgekantete Enden im Kanal 11 angeordnet sind. Der Kanal 11 kann dann in Umfangsrichtung äußerst schmal, z. B. kleiner oder gleich 5 mm, insbesondere kleiner oder gleich 3 mm ausgeführt sein. Auch im Fall des Formzylinders 01 ist der Kanal 09 in vorteilhafter Ausführung mit einer Breite in Umfangsrichtung kleiner oder gleich 5 mm, insbesondere kleiner oder gleich 3 mm, ausgeführt.In the case of the
Umgekehrt verkleinert sich durch die im Vergleich zu üblichen Anstellungen größere Berührungszone (Abdruckstreifenbreite) das zulässige Verhältnis B09 : B bzw. B11 : B. Besonders von Vorteil ist eine Ausführung, wobei die Breite B09; B11 des Kanals 09; 11 im Bereich seiner Öffnung bzw. Mündung zur Mantelfläche des Kerns 04 bzw. Grundkörpers 07 hin in Umfangsrichtung höchstens im Verhältnis 1 : 3 zu der durch das Andrücken entstehenden Breite B der Berührungszone (Abdruckstreifens) steht.Conversely, the greater the contact area (impression strip width) than the usual settings, the permissible ratio B09: B or B11: B. Particularly advantageous is an embodiment, wherein the width B09; B11 of the
Die weiche Schicht 06 weist vorzugsweise eine gegenüber üblicher eingesetzter Materialien eine verminderte Dämpfungskonstante auf, damit trotz der aufgrund der höheren Eindrückung S beim Abrollen auftretenden höheren Belastungs- und Entlastungsgeschwindigkeiten keine höherer Walkwärme erzeugt wird. Ebenso muß die Schicht 06 derart ausgeführt sein, dass eine ausreichend schnelle Rückbildung bzw. -federung nach dem Durchlaufen des Walzenspaltes 03 in die Ausgangslage stattfindet, damit beispielsweise bei Kontakt mit einer Farbwalze oder einem weiteren Zylinder bereits wieder die Ausgangsstärke vorliegt.The
In
Die Formzylinder 01; 16 und die Übertragungszylinder 02; 14 sind in einer ersten Ausführungsform als Zylinder 01; 02; 14; 16 doppelten Umfangs, d. h. mit einem Umfang von im wesentlichen zwei stehenden Druckseiten, insbesondere von zwei Zeitungsseiten, ausgeführt. Sie sind mit wirksamen Durchmessern DwGZ; DwPZ zwischen 260 bis 400 mm, insbesondere 280 bis 350 mm ausgeführt. Auf der Mantelfläche des Kerns 04 weist der Übertragungszylinder 02; 14 jeweils mindestens einen Aufzug 05 einer Gesamtstärke T von 3,5 bis 6,5 mm, insbesondere von 3,9 bis 5,9 mm auf. Die Steigung ΔP/ΔS der Federkennlinie liegt zumindest im druckrelevanten Bereich (s.o.) unter 700 (Ncm2/)mm, insbesondere unter 500 (Ncm2/)mm. Form- und Übertragungszylinder 01; 02; 14; 16 sind paarweise derart aneinander angestellt, dass die Breite B der Berührungszone zwischen Form- und Übertragungszylinder 01; 02; 14; 16 in Anstelllage 14 bis 25 mm, insbesondere 17 bis 21 mm, beträgt. Durch diese Konfigurierung ist die Empfindlichkeit gegenüber Schwingungen und einer inexakten Anstellung weitgehend minimiert. Die Einzelantriebe durch die Antriebsmotoren 17 unterstützen dies durch die mechanische Entkopplung.The
In einer zweiten nicht dargestellten Ausführungsform sind die Formzylinder 01; 16 und die Übertragungszylinder 02; 14 als Zylinder 01; 02; 14; 16 einfachen Umfangs, d. h. mit einem Umfang von im wesentlichen einer stehenden Druckseite, insbesondere von einer Zeitungsseite, ausgeführt. Sie sind mit wirksamen Durchmessern DwGZ; DwPZ zwischen 150 bis 190 mm ausgeführt. Auf der Mantelfläche des Kerns 04 weist der Übertragungszylinder 02; 11 jeweils mindestens einen Aufzug 05 einer Gesamtstärke T von 3,5 bis 6,5 mm, insbesondere von 3,9 bis 5,9 mm auf. Die Steigung ΔP/ΔS der Federkennlinie liegt zumindest im druckrelevanten Bereich (s.o.) wieder unter 700 (Ncm2/)mm, insbesondere unter 500 (Ncm2/)mm. Form- und Übertragungszylinder 01; 02; 14; 16 sind paarweise derart aneinander angestellt, dass die Breite B der Berührungszone zwischen Form- und Übertragungszylinder 01; 02; 14; 16 in Anstelllage 10 bis 18 mm, insbesondere 12 bis 15 mm, beträgt.In a second embodiment, not shown, the
In einer nicht dargestellten dritten Ausführungsform sind die Formzylinder 01; 16 als Zylinder 01; 16 einfachen Umfangs mit wirksamen Durchmessern DwPZ zwischen 150 bis 190 mm, und die Übertragungszylinder 02; 14 als Zylinder 02; 14 doppelten Umfangs mit wirksamen Durchmessern DwGZ zwischen 260 bis 400 mm, insbesondere 280 bis 350 mm ausgeführt. Auf der Mantelfläche des Kerns 04 weist der Übertragungszylinder 02; 14 jeweils mindestens einen Aufzug 05 einer Gesamtstärke T von 3,5 bis 6,5 mm, insbesondere von 3,9 bis 5,9 mm auf. Die Steigung ΔP/ΔS der Federkennlinie liegt zumindest im druckrelevanten Bereich (s.o.) wieder unter 700 (Ncm2/)mm, insbesondere unter 500 (Ncm2/)mm. Form- und Übertragungszylinder 01; 02; 14; 16 sind paarweise derart aneinander angestellt, dass die Breite B der Berührungszone zwischen Form- und Übertragungszylinder 01; 02; 14; 16 in Anstelllage 12 bis 20 mm, insbesondere 15 bis 19 mm, beträgt.In a third embodiment, not shown, the
In
Formzylinder 01, Übertragungszylinder 02 und Satellitenzylinder 18 sind in einer ersten Ausführungsform für
In einer zweiten Ausführungsform für
Daneben sind die durch die größere Weichheit implizierten Veränderungen (größere Eindrückung S, verändertes Abwicklungsverhalten, größere Stärke t bzw. T) bei der Konzeption der Druckmaschine zu berücksichtigen. Ein Druckmaschine, die mit weichen und stärkeren Aufzügen 05 bzw. Schichten 06 arbeitet weist somit z. B. veränderte, insbes. vergrößerte Zylinderunterschnitte (Abwicklung, Tuchdicke) sowie veränderte Spaltmaße bei An- bzw. Abstellung auf (Tuchdicke, Eindrückung). Hierfür sind auch größere Zylinderverstellwege zur Druck-Ab-Stellung (größere Eindrückung) erforderlich.In addition, the changes implied by the greater softness (greater indentation S, changed development behavior, greater strength t or T) are at the To consider conception of the printing press. A printing press that works with soft and
Der vorgenannte Aufzug 05 bzw. die Schicht 06 ist z. B. in einem Druckwerk mit einem oder mehreren langen, jedoch schlanken Zylindern 01; 02; 14; 16 angeordnet.The
So weisen der Formzylinder 01; 16 und der Übertragungszylinder 02; 14 z. B. im Bereich ihres Ballens jeweils eine Länge auf, welche vier oder mehr Breiten einer Druckseite, z. B. einer Zeitungsseite, z. B. 1.100 bis 1.800 mm, insbesondere 1.500 bis 1.700 mm entspricht. Der Durchmesser DwGZ; DwPZ zumindest des Formzylinders 01; 16 beträgt z. B. 145 bis 190 mm, insbesondere 150 bis 185 mm, was im Umfang im wesentlichen einer Länge einer Zeitungsseite entspricht ("Einfachumfang"). Auch für andere Umfänge ist die Vorrichtung vorteilhaft, in denen das Verhältnis zwischen Durchmesser und Länge des Zylinders 01, 02; 14; 16; 18 kleiner oder gleich 0,16, insbesondere kleiner als 0,12, oder sogar kleiner oder gleich 0,08 ist.Thus, the
In anderer Ausführung des Druckwerks beträgt die Länge des Ballens der Form- und Übertragungszylinder 01; 02; 14; 16 z. B. 1.850 bis 2.400 mm, insbesondere 1.900 bis 2.300 mm und ist in axialer Richtung zur Aufnahme von z. B. mindestens sechs nebeneinander angeordneten stehenden Druckseiten im Broadsheetformat bemessen. Der Durchmesser zumindest des Formzylinders 01; 16 liegt in einer Variante z. B. bei 260 bis 340 mm, insbesondere bei 280 bis 300 mm, und in einer anderen Variante z. B. bei 290 bis 380 mm, insbesondere bei 300 bis 370 mm, was im Umfang im wesentlichen zwei Längen einer Zeitungsseite entspricht ("Doppelumfang"). Ein Verhältnis des Durchmessers DwGZ; DwPZ zumindest des Formzylinders 01; 16 zu seiner Länge liegt hier bei 0,11 bis 0,17, insbesondere bei 0,13 bis 0,16.In another embodiment of the printing unit, the length of the bale of the forming and
- 0101
- Walze, Zylinder, Formzylinder, GegendruckzylinderRoller, cylinder, forme cylinder, impression cylinder
- 0202
- Walze, Zylinder, ÜbertragungszylinderRoller, cylinder, transfer cylinder
- 0303
- Walzenspalt, WippstelleNip, rocker point
- 0404
- Kerncore
- 0505
- Aufzug, Überzug, DrucktuchElevator, cover, blanket
- 0606
- Schichtlayer
- 0707
- Grundkörperbody
- 0808
- Aufzug, DruckformElevator, printing form
- 0909
- Störung, KanalFault, channel
- 1010
- Trägerschichtbacking
- 1111
- Störung, KanalFault, channel
- 1212
- Druckeinheit, DoppeldruckwerkPrinting unit, double printing unit
- 1313
- Bedruckstoff, BahnSubstrate, web
- 1414
- Walze, Zylinder, Übertragungszylinder, GegendruckzylinderRoller, cylinder, transfer cylinder, impression cylinder
- 1515
- --
- 1616
- Walze, Zylinder, FormzylinderRoller, cylinder, forme cylinder
- 1717
- Antriebsmotordrive motor
- 1818
- Walze, Zylinder, Gegendruckzylinder, SatellitenzylinderRoller, cylinder, impression cylinder, satellite cylinder
- 1919
- Druckeinheit, Dreizylinder-DruckeinheitPrinting unit, three-cylinder printing unit
- aa
- Aufzugelevator
- AA
- AchsabstandWheelbase
- bb
- Aufzugelevator
- BB
- Breite, BerührungszoneWidth, touch zone
- B09B09
- Breitewidth
- B11B11
- Breitewidth
- DwGZ D wGZ
- Durchmesserdiameter
- DwPZ D wPZ
- Durchmesserdiameter
- DwSZ D wsz
- Durchmesserdiameter
- Ee
- Ebenelevel
- PP
- Flächenpressungsurface pressure
- Pmax P max
- Flächenpressung, maximaleSurface pressure, maximum
- tt
- Stärke (06)Strength (06)
- TT
- Gesamtstärke (05)Overall strength (05)
- SS
- Eindrückungdepression
- S*S *
- Eindrückung, relativeIndentation, relative
- VV
- Verbindungsebeneconnecting plane
Claims (27)
- Printing unit of a printing press comprising at least two rollers (01; 02; 14; 16; 18) cooperating in the thrown-on position, at least one of the rollers (01; 02; 14; 16; 18) having, in the region of its lateral surface, at least one opening of an axial channel (09; 11) for fastening at least one end of one or more packings (05; 08) and one of the rollers (01; 02; 14; 16; 18) having, in the region of its lateral surface, a resilient and/or compressible layer (06), and, in the thrown-on position, a contact zone being formed between the two rollers (01; 02) with a resulting width (P) perpendicular to a connecting plane (V) of their axis of rotation by pressing in (S) the layer (06), characterized in that the width (B) of the contact zone between the two rollers (01; 02) in the roller nip (03), resulting from pressing in (S) the layer (06), is greater than the width (B09; B11) of the channel (09; 11) of the cooperating roller (01; 16) in the region of its opening to the lateral surface in the circumferential direction.
- Printing unit according to Claim 1, characterized in that the width (B09; B11) of the channel (09; 11) in the region of its opening to the lateral surface in the circumferential direction has at most a ratio of 1:3 to the width (B) of the contact zone.
- Printing unit according to Claim 1, characterized in that the roller (02; 14) having the layer (06) is arranged, in operation, so as to cooperate with a print medium (13) in the form of a web (13).
- Printing unit according to Claim 1, characterized in that the layer (06) is in the form of layer (06) of a detachable packing (05).
- Printing unit according to Claim 4, characterized in that the packing (05) is in the form of a metal printing blanket.
- Printing unit according to Claim 5, characterized in that the metal printing blanket is formed with a dimensionally stable support layer comprising metal, in particular sheet metal.
- Printing unit according to Claim 4, characterized in that the packing (05) is arranged in the printing unit of a printing press which prints printed pages in newspaper format, in particular a newspaper printing press.
- Printing unit according to Claim 1, characterized in that the width (B09; B11) of the channel (09; 11) in the region of its opening to the lateral surface in the circumferential direction is not more than 5 mm.
- Printing unit according to Claim 1, characterized in that the roller (02; 14) carrying the layer (06) is in the form of a transfer cylinder (02; 14) and the cooperating roller (01; 16) is in the form of a forme cylinder (01; 16).
- Printing unit according to Claim 9, characterized in that forme and transfer cylinders (01; 02; 14; 16) are driven with mechanical coupling by a common drive motor (17).
- Printing unit according to Claim 10, characterized in that forme and transfer cylinders (01; 02; 14; 16) are driven as a pair of cylinders (01, 02; 14, 16) mechanically independently of one or more further pairs of cylinders (01, 02; 14, 16) or of a satellite cylinder (18).
- Printing unit according to Claim 9, characterized in that forme and transfer cylinders (01; 02; 14; 16) are driven in each case by a separate drive motor (17) mechanically independently of one another.
- Printing unit according to Claim 11, characterized in that the satellite cylinder (18) has a separate drive motor (17) mechanically independent of further cylinders (01; 02; 14; 16).
- Printing unit according to Claim 9, characterized in that at least the transfer cylinder (02; 14) is formed with a circumference of substantially two portrait printed pages in newspaper format.
- Printing unit according to Claim 1 and 14, characterized in that the rollers (01; 02; 14; 16; 18) have in each case, in the region of their body, a length which corresponds to six widths of a printed page in newspaper format.
- Printing unit according to Claim 9, characterized in that at least the forme cylinder (01; 16) is formed with a circumference of substantially one portrait printed page in newspaper format.
- Printing unit according to Claim 14 or 16, characterized in that the rollers (01; 02; 14; 16; 18) have in each case, in the region of their body, a length which corresponds to four widths of a printed page in newspaper format.
- Printing unit according to Claim 9, characterized in that a ratio of effective diameter to length of at least the forme cylinder (01; 16) is less than or equal to 0.16.
- Printing unit according to Claim 1, characterized in that the layer (06) has a dependency of the contact pressure per unit area (P) on the impression (S), the slope (ΔP/ΔS) of which is less than 700 (N/cm2)/mm at least in a working region for the contact pressure per unit area of 100 N/cm2.
- Printing unit according to Claim 1, characterized in that the layer (06) has a dependency of the contact pressure per unit areas (P) on the impression (S), the slope (ΔP/ΔS) of which is less than 700 (N/cm2)/mm at least in a region for the impression of 0.22 to 0.38 mm.
- Printing unit according to Claim 19, characterized in that, in addition to said slope (ΔP/ΔS) of less than 700 (N/cm2)/mm in the case of a contact pressure per unit area of 100 N/cm2, the slope (ΔP/ΔS) with the use of the packing in wet offset printing, i.e. using ink and dampening solution, is less than 700 N/cm2/mm at least in a total working region for the contact pressure per unit area of 80 to 100 N/cm2.
- Printing unit according to Claim 19, characterized in that, in addition to said slope (ΔP/ΔS) of less than 700 (N/cm2)/mm in the case of a contact pressure per unit area of 100 N/cm2, the slope (ΔP/ΔS) with the use of the packing in dry offset printing, i.e. only ink application and no dampening solution, is less than 700 (N/cm2)/mm at least in a total working region for the contact pressure per unit area of 120 to 180 N/cm2.
- Printing unit according to Claim 1 or 20, characterized in that the layer (06) has a thickness (t) of at least 3.0 mm.
- Printing unit according to Claim 4, characterized in that the packing (05) has, in addition to the layer (06), a substantially dimensionally stable support layer (10) firmly connected thereto.
- Printing unit according to Claim 4 or 24, characterized in that the packing (05) has a total thickness (T) of at least 3.5 mm.
- Printing unit according to Claim 1, characterized in that the contact zone has at least the width (B) of 10 mm.
- Printing unit according to Claim 1, characterized in that the contact zone has at least the width (B) of 12 mm.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10217402 | 2002-04-18 | ||
DE2002137205 DE10237205B4 (en) | 2002-04-18 | 2002-08-14 | Elevator on a roller, arrangements of the roller to a second roller and printing units of a printing press with the roller |
EP03729822A EP1494873B1 (en) | 2002-04-18 | 2003-04-09 | Cover on a transfer cylinder |
Related Parent Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP03729822.1 Division | 2003-04-09 | ||
EP03729822A Division EP1494873B1 (en) | 2002-04-18 | 2003-04-09 | Cover on a transfer cylinder |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1661698A2 EP1661698A2 (en) | 2006-05-31 |
EP1661698A3 EP1661698A3 (en) | 2008-06-04 |
EP1661698B1 true EP1661698B1 (en) | 2010-05-26 |
Family
ID=29251772
Family Applications (4)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP20060110183 Expired - Lifetime EP1669210B1 (en) | 2002-04-18 | 2003-04-09 | Printing units of a printing machine |
EP20060110191 Expired - Lifetime EP1669211B1 (en) | 2002-04-18 | 2003-04-09 | Printing unit of a printing machine |
EP03729822A Expired - Lifetime EP1494873B1 (en) | 2002-04-18 | 2003-04-09 | Cover on a transfer cylinder |
EP20060110188 Revoked EP1661698B1 (en) | 2002-04-18 | 2003-04-09 | Printing unit of a printing machine |
Family Applications Before (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP20060110183 Expired - Lifetime EP1669210B1 (en) | 2002-04-18 | 2003-04-09 | Printing units of a printing machine |
EP20060110191 Expired - Lifetime EP1669211B1 (en) | 2002-04-18 | 2003-04-09 | Printing unit of a printing machine |
EP03729822A Expired - Lifetime EP1494873B1 (en) | 2002-04-18 | 2003-04-09 | Cover on a transfer cylinder |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US7194953B2 (en) |
EP (4) | EP1669210B1 (en) |
JP (2) | JP2005532188A (en) |
CN (2) | CN100500451C (en) |
AT (4) | ATE418457T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2003240388A1 (en) |
DE (5) | DE10237205B4 (en) |
ES (2) | ES2317416T3 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2289512C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2003086774A2 (en) |
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DE10237205B4 (en) | 2002-04-18 | 2009-02-12 | Koenig & Bauer Aktiengesellschaft | Elevator on a roller, arrangements of the roller to a second roller and printing units of a printing press with the roller |
ES2258254T3 (en) * | 2003-10-21 | 2006-08-16 | KOENIG & BAUER AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT | COATINGS ON A ROLLER AS WELL AS PRINTING MECHANISMS OF A PRINTER MACHINE WITH THE ROLLER. |
DE102004034049A1 (en) | 2004-07-13 | 2006-02-09 | Man Roland Druckmaschinen Ag | Form cylinder of a web-fed rotary printing machine |
DE102004049514B4 (en) * | 2004-10-11 | 2009-07-09 | Koenig & Bauer Aktiengesellschaft | Printing unit with at least one forme cylinder and at least one inking roller |
DE102006011477B4 (en) * | 2006-03-13 | 2007-12-27 | Koenig & Bauer Aktiengesellschaft | Printing unit with a split form cylinder |
US8139231B2 (en) * | 2008-05-01 | 2012-03-20 | Cognex Corporation | Machine vision technique for manufacturing semiconductor wafers |
DE102010015628B4 (en) * | 2009-04-20 | 2017-11-23 | Lenze Automation Gmbh | Method for controlling the speed of rolls in a printing machine |
CN107567600B (en) | 2015-05-08 | 2021-03-09 | 惠普发展公司,有限责任合伙企业 | Roller damper |
JP7501206B2 (en) | 2019-07-31 | 2024-06-18 | 東レ株式会社 | Method for producing printed matter and printing machine |
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-
2002
- 2002-08-14 DE DE2002137205 patent/DE10237205B4/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2003
- 2003-04-09 ES ES06110183T patent/ES2317416T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-04-09 EP EP20060110183 patent/EP1669210B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-04-09 ES ES06110191T patent/ES2315997T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-04-09 EP EP20060110191 patent/EP1669211B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-04-09 US US10/510,711 patent/US7194953B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-04-09 DE DE50312751T patent/DE50312751D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-04-09 AT AT03729822T patent/ATE418457T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-04-09 AT AT06110191T patent/ATE419128T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-04-09 CN CNB038086220A patent/CN100500451C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-04-09 AT AT06110183T patent/ATE419975T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-04-09 EP EP03729822A patent/EP1494873B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-04-09 JP JP2003583760A patent/JP2005532188A/en active Pending
- 2003-04-09 EP EP20060110188 patent/EP1661698B1/en not_active Revoked
- 2003-04-09 DE DE50311073T patent/DE50311073D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-04-09 DE DE50310976T patent/DE50310976D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-04-09 AT AT06110188T patent/ATE468972T1/en active
- 2003-04-09 CN CN200810215127XA patent/CN101367289B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-04-09 RU RU2004129321A patent/RU2289512C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-04-09 DE DE50311034T patent/DE50311034D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-04-09 WO PCT/DE2003/001157 patent/WO2003086774A2/en active Application Filing
- 2003-04-09 AU AU2003240388A patent/AU2003240388A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2007
- 2007-02-26 US US11/710,414 patent/US7571677B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2008
- 2008-05-21 JP JP2008133428A patent/JP2008213492A/en active Pending
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