Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H13/00—Pulp or paper, comprising synthetic cellulose or non-cellulose fibres or web-forming material
  • D21H13/36—Inorganic fibres or flakes
  • D21H13/38—Inorganic fibres or flakes siliceous
  • D21H13/40—Inorganic fibres or flakes siliceous vitreous, e.g. mineral wool, glass fibres
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
  • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
  • D04H1/4209—Inorganic fibres
  • D04H1/4218—Glass fibres
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
  • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
  • D04H1/425—Cellulose series
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
  • D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres

Definitions

• the invention relates to a process for the manufacture in a cationic medium of a veil comprising glass fibers and cellulose fibers.
• the sails comprising cellulose fibers and glass fibers have both a high tensile strength and a high tear resistance. This combination of properties makes this type of material an excellent candidate for the strengthening of shingles, often called “Canadian shingles”. These shingles are generally obtained by impregnating a fibrous structure such as a veil with a tar or asphalt.
• the sails of the present invention generally have a surface mass ranging from 20 to 150 g / m 2 and more particularly 30 to 130 g / m 2 , for example around 100 g / m 2 .
• WO 9913154 teaches a process for the wet preparation of a glass / cellulose veil comprising 5 to 15% of binder. According to this document, the dispersion of the fibers is ensured in the presence of an anionic viscosity modifier (Nalco 2388) and a dispersant, the nature of which is not specified.
• an anionic viscosity modifier Naco 2388
• a dispersant the nature of which is not specified.
• WO 0111138 teaches a two-step preparation process comprising a first step of preparing a suspension comprising cellulose fibers and a cationic polymer, a second step of preparing a suspension comprising glass fibers, a dispersant and a viscosity modifier, these two suspensions then being brought together before passing over a forming fabric.
• This document teaches nothing about the ionic character or not of the process water at the time of its passage on the formation fabric.
• the aqueous solution in which the fibers are dispersed is called process water.
• process water The Applicant has discovered that the nature of the ionic character of the process water at the time of the suspension of the suspension comprising the two types of fibers on the forming fabric was of great importance for the quality of the dispersion itself and therefore for the homogeneity of the veil formed.
• the method according to the invention is particularly simple because it allows the suspension in a single step and directly in the process water of both glass fibers and cellulose fibers.
• the manufacture of a continuous veil involves the passage of a bed of fibers dispersed by a set of several successive devices each having to apply to said fibers a particular treatment.
• the fiber bed after its formation in a "formation device”, then passes if necessary a "binder depositing device” then a “steaming device”.
• the transport of the bed through these devices is carried out by means of scrolling belts, the bed generally being able to be caused to pass from one carpet to another.
• the method according to the invention comprises:
• the process water is cationic at least as soon as fibers are added to it.
• the process water and the dispersion which contains it remains cationic at least until it passes over the forming fabric.
• it is generally permanently cationic.
• the process can be continuous, the process water being recycled and having a cationic character throughout its circulation loop.
• the cationic nature of the process water is at the origin of a favorable dispersion of the glass and cellulose fibers from the introduction of these in said water, until passing over the forming fabric.
• a cationic polymer or any other cationic product
• a cationic polymer or any other cationic product
• neither cellulose fiber nor glass fiber is generally treated with a cationic species before being introduced into the process water.
• Maintaining a cationic character of the process water does not exclude the presence in said water, if necessary, of ingredients of an anionic, nonionic or amphoteric character (that is to say both cationic and anionic ) since, overall, thanks to the presence of at least one other ingredient with a cationic character, the overall cationic character of the process water is ensured.
• the process water contains at least one cationic dispersant in an amount sufficient for the process water to be cationic.
• the ionic character of the process water can be determined by potentiometric determination.
• a particle charge detector such as that of the M ⁇ tek PCD 03 brand and a M ⁇ tek Titrator PCD-Two titrator.
• the principle of the method consists in neutralizing a determined volume (for example 10 ml) of the process water whose cationic character is to be determined, by a measured volume of an anionic titrating aqueous solution.
• titrating solution it is possible, for example, to use a solution of sodium polyethylene sulfonate (called "Pes-Na"), for example at 10 "3 N.
• the cationic character of the process water can be expressed by the number of milliliters of Pes-Na solution necessary to neutralize 10 milliliters of metered process water.
• the process water is cationic so that 10 ml of process water can be neutralized with 1 to 10 ml of anionic titrating solution at 10 " 3 N and more preferably with 1.5 to 4 ml of the said water.
• anionic titrating solution preferably the process water is cationic from 1.10 "4 N to 1.10 " 3 N and more preferably from 1, 5.10 "4 N to 4.10 " 4 N.
• the fibers To be dispersed in water, the fibers must be able to remain in the individual state and not to combine mixed in the process water. If chopped strands, a set of fibers, are dispersed in water, these strands must be able to defilamentise in dispersion in water. “Yarn” is understood to mean a set of contiguous filaments and more particularly comprising from 10 to 2000 fibers. Thus, the fibers can be introduced into the process water in the form of threads more particularly comprising 10 to 2000 fibers.
• the glass fibers may have been sized during their manufacture, to be collected if necessary in the form of threads, in particular by sizing liquids comprising an organosilane and / or a tackifier (“film former” in English). It is preferable in this case not to dry the fibers before dispersing them in water, so as to prevent them from sticking together, which would hinder their dispersion in the form of individual filaments.
• Cellulose fibers are generally obtained from wood pulp.
• This wood pulp is generally obtained from commercial sheets of cardboard which are softened with water. This water used to soften the cardboard is then used to transport the pulp to the installation for producing the dispersion.
• This water / pulp mixture generally contains just enough water to be able to transport the pulp by flow.
• This pulp / water mixture before reaching the middle of the dispersion generally contains from 70 to 99% by weight of water and 1 to 30% by weight of cellulose.
• the two types of fibers can be dispersed in process water, for example in a pulper.
• This dispersing can be carried out initially in a pulper for example with a proportion of fibers such that the sum of the mass of glass fibers + cellulose fibers ranges from 0.01% to 0.5% by weight of the sum of the weight of the fibers and the process water.
• the dispersion of fibers / process water at the time of passing into the stage of formation of the bed on the forming fabric is such that the sum of the mass of the fibers represents 0.01 to 0.5% by weight of said dispersion and preferably 0.02 to 0.05% by weight of said dispersion.
• the dispersion may undergo a decrease in fiber concentration when passing from the pulper to the bed-forming device.
• the ratio of the mass of glass fibers to that of the mass of cellulose fibers is the same as that desired in the final veil.
• the process water may include a thickener to increase the viscosity of the process water.
• This thickener can be present from 0 to
• This thickener can for example be a hydroxyethylcellulose (for example Natrosol 250HHR from Hercules).
• Hydroxyethylcellulose is an anionic compound.
• the process water generally comprises a cationic dispersant.
• This cationic dispersant can generally be present in an amount of 0 to 0.1% by weight in the process water.
• This cationic dispersant can be, for example, guanidine or a fatty chain amine.
• One can in particular use the aerosol C 61 marketed by CYTEC. It can also be a polyoxylated alkylamine.
• the thickener is preferably introduced so that the process water has a viscosity of between 1 and 20 mPa.s at 20 ° C. and preferably between 3 and 16 mPa.s.
• the process water / fibers dispersion is agitated, then sent to a permeable forming fabric allowing process water to flow through it and retaining the fibers on its surface.
• Process water can be aspirated to improve its evacuation.
• Process water can be recycled to be mixed with fibers again.
• the fibers thus form a bed on the surface of the forming fabric.
• the dispersion does not include the binder or the precursor of the final binder, and this binder where this binder precursor is generally applied to the web in a device for applying the binder or its precursor placed between the bed formation and heat treatment step.
• the final veil (dry after heat treatment) generally comprises 8 to
• the final veil usually includes
• the binder can be of the type usually used in this kind of embodiment.
• it may be plasticized polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) or acrylic styrene or self-crosslinkable acrylic or urea formaldehyde or melamine formaldehyde.
• the excess binder can be evacuated by suction through the forming fabric.
• the purpose of the heat treatment step is to evaporate the water and also carry out any chemical reactions between the various constituents and / or to transform the binder precursor into a binder and / or to give the binder its final structure.
• the heat treatment can be carried out by heating between 140 and 250 ° C and more generally between 180 and 230 ° C.
• the duration of the heat treatment generally ranges from 2 seconds to 3 minutes and more generally from 20 seconds to 1 minute (for example 30 seconds at 200 ° C.).
• the veil can be dried and heat treated in a hot air oven circulating through the carpet.
• FIG. 1 schematically represents an industrial process for the continuous preparation of a veil according to the invention.
• Glass fibers are introduced in (g) into a pulper and the cellulose fibers are introduced into (c) in the same pulper in the presence of process water and with stirring to form a dispersion.
• the mixture then optionally pours into a storage tank 2 through the pipe 3, the function of the storage tank being to increase the duration of mixing between the filaments and the process water.
• This storage bin is optional.
• the mixture is then brought through line 4 to line 5, which brings together the flow of mixture coming from line 4 with a flow of recycled process water and coming from the head box 6 ) through line 7. At this level, the fiber content in the fiber / process water mixture is greatly reduced.
• Process water is drained at 14 and possibly sucked at 15 through the forming fabric 8 and is recycled via the pipe 17. This recycled water is then shared at 16, for example for around 10% for return to the pulper through line 10 and for approximately 90% to return to the headbox 6 through lines 9, 7 then 5. Circulation in the lines is ensured by pumps 11, 12 and 13.
• the pump 11 is called the main pump ("fan pump” in English).
• the veil in formation 18 then makes a "carpet jump" to the steaming device 19 carrying out the heat treatment, and the final veil is wound at 20.
• the invention allows the production of sails whose tear resistance can even be greater than 430 or even greater than 450 gf as measured by ISO standard 1974, and this while showing a high tensile strength, generally greater than 22 kgf as measured according to ISO standard 3342 adapted in that the width of the cutting template of the test piece is 50 mm and the displacement speed of the clamps is 50 mm / min ⁇ 5 mm / min.
• the glass / cellulose mass ratio (excluding binder) ranges from 2.4 / 97.5 to 14.6 / 85.3.
• a cationic process water is prepared containing:
• hydroxyethyl cellulose brand Natrosol 250HHR from the company Hercules
• Aerosol C61 surfactant "alkylguanidine-amine-ethanol complex in isopropanol" as cationic dispersant
• the viscosity of the process water is 15 mPa.s at 20 ° C before introduction of the cellulose and glass fibers.
• this predispersion is placed in a rectangular laboratory hand sheet mold (30 cm ⁇ 30 cm) containing 25 liters of process water. The water is then drained and the fiber mixture is recovered on a forming fabric. The veil formed on the canvas passes over a suction slot where the excess process water is sucked. The form is then impregnated with a binder (of self-crosslinkable urea-formaldehyde type) in aqueous dispersion by soaking between two forming fabrics. The excess binder is evacuated by passage through a suction slot. The sheet obtained is then dried and heat treated in a hot air oven for 90 seconds at 200 ° C.).
• a binder of self-crosslinkable urea-formaldehyde type
• the invention leads to a veil whose grammage is 100 g / m 2 .
• This veil has a high level of tear resistance.
• the table below gives the tensile strength and tear strength values as a function of the glass / cellulose mass ratio:
• An anionic process water is prepared containing:
• anionic polyacrylamide brand Nalco D 9641 from the company Nalco
• this predispersion is placed in a rectangular laboratory form (30 cm ⁇ 30 cm) containing 25 liters of process water. The water is then drained and the fiber mixture is recovered on a forming fabric.
• the distribution of fibers on the canvas is very poor. There is flocculation of all the fibers (glass and cellulose) due to the anionic nature of the water. process.
• the fibrous network comprises only re-agglomerated fibers. It is possible to pass over a suction slit where the excess process water is sucked in, to impregnate the fibers with a binder (self-crosslinkable urea-formaldehyde type) in aqueous dispersion by soaking between two forming fabrics , to evacuate the excess of binder by passage through a suction slit and to dry and heat treat the fibrous structure in an oven with hot air for 90 seconds at 200 ° C.
• a binder self-crosslinkable urea-formaldehyde type

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
• Paper (AREA)
• Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
• Surface Treatment Of Glass Fibres Or Filaments (AREA)
• Synthetic Leather, Interior Materials Or Flexible Sheet Materials (AREA)
• Re-Forming, After-Treatment, Cutting And Transporting Of Glass Products (AREA)
• Glass Compositions (AREA)
• Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

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• 2003
  • 2003-01-08 FR FR0300125A patent/FR2849655B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2004
  • 2004-01-07 NZ NZ540530A patent/NZ540530A/en unknown
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  • 2004-01-07 JP JP2006502085A patent/JP2006517621A/ja active Pending
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  • 2004-01-07 KR KR1020117027568A patent/KR101236413B1/ko active IP Right Grant
  • 2004-01-07 BR BR0406508-5A patent/BRPI0406508A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2004-01-07 WO PCT/FR2004/000014 patent/WO2004070112A1/fr active IP Right Grant
  • 2004-01-07 DE DE602004004362T patent/DE602004004362T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
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  • 2004-01-07 CA CA2512753A patent/CA2512753C/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
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• 2012
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