EP1576633B1 - Electric switching device comprising an arc-quenching unit - Google Patents

Electric switching device comprising an arc-quenching unit Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1576633B1
EP1576633B1 EP04787223A EP04787223A EP1576633B1 EP 1576633 B1 EP1576633 B1 EP 1576633B1 EP 04787223 A EP04787223 A EP 04787223A EP 04787223 A EP04787223 A EP 04787223A EP 1576633 B1 EP1576633 B1 EP 1576633B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
housing
arc
cover
switching device
retaining elements
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP04787223A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1576633A1 (en
Inventor
Karsten Gerving
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eaton Industries GmbH
Original Assignee
Moeller GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1576633A1 publication Critical patent/EP1576633A1/en
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Publication of EP1576633B1 publication Critical patent/EP1576633B1/en
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/34—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H01H9/36—Metal parts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches
    • H01H11/0006—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches for converting electric switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches
    • H01H2011/0093—Standardization, e.g. limiting the factory stock by limiting the number of unique, i.e. different components
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/34—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H01H9/36—Metal parts
    • H01H9/362—Mounting of plates in arc chamber

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrical, designed for low voltage switching device, in particular circuit breaker or contactor, with at least one device for arc extinguishing according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the housing and the lid are equipped with guiding and holding elements for both cooling plates and splitter stacks.
  • This otherwise otherwise identical switching devices can be optionally equipped with arc quenching devices in the form of cooling plates or in the form of splitter plate.
  • arc quenching devices in the form of cooling plates or in the form of splitter plate.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the invention is to set out the quenching plates by inner walls and formations of the housing and held down first holding elements of the lid. Another embodiment is to set the splitter stack by second holding elements of the lid.
  • An expedient design is to arrange the guiding and holding elements for the cooling plates and those for the splitter stack in succession, the guide and holding elements for the cooling plates closer to the switch contacts, while the guiding and holding elements for the splitter stack are closer to connection contacts.
  • Fig. 1 are the upper part of a multi-part housing 2 and the housing 2 occlusive two-part cover 4 of an electrical switching device, such as a three-pole contactor shown.
  • two busbars 6 are fixed with externally accessible connection contacts 8.
  • the busbars 6 extend into switching chambers 10 which are bounded laterally by inner walls 12 formed in the housing 2. Switching chamber side, the busbars 6 are provided with fixed switch contacts 14 which cooperate in a known manner with not shown movable switch contacts in the form of contact bridges.
  • each switching chamber 10 is an arc quenching device either in the form of a U-shaped cooling plate 16 or in the form of a splitter stack 18 from spaced stacked quenching plates 20 can be used.
  • each switching chamber 10 the mounting position of the cooling plate 16 and the mounting position of the arc splitter stack 18 extend one behind the other with respect to the longitudinal direction of the respective switching pole. In this case, the mounting position of the cooling plates 16 is closer to the fixed switching contacts 14, however, the mounting position of the arc splitter stacks 18 closer to connection contacts. 8
  • the cooling plates 16 are laterally guided with their outer legs 22 of the inner walls 12 and positioned by their cover 4 facing away from end faces 24 in pocket-like formations 26 in the bottom 27 of the housing part of the housing 2 shown in the correct position.
  • first holding elements 28 are formed, which hold down the cooling plates 16 in its mounting position and lock with the lid 4.
  • FIG. 5 are the splitter stacks 18 with one side force and / or form-fitting in pocket-like second holding elements 30 of the lid 4 fastened. After placing the lid 4 on the housing 2, the splitter plate 18 are locked between the inner walls 12 and the bottom 27 of the housing 2 and the lid 4 in its mounting position.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
  • Arc Welding Control (AREA)
  • Discharge Heating (AREA)

Abstract

An electric switching device, designed to carry a low-voltage, in particular a circuit-breaker or contactor, having at least one arc-quenching unit ( 16;18 ) is provided. Connection contacts ( 8 ) are mounted in a housing ( 2 ) that can be sealed by a cover ( 4 ) and switching chambers ( 10 ) are configured in the housing. To adapt the device to different current ranges, the housing ( 2 ) and cover ( 4 ) are equipped with guide and retaining elements ( 12, 26, 28, 30 ) for cooling plates ( 16 ) that can be inserted and for arc-quenching laminated cores ( 18 ) that can be interchanged with the plates.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein elektrisches, für Niederspannung ausgelegtes Schaltgerät, insbesondere Schutzschalter oder Schaltschütz, mit wenigstens einer Einrichtung zur Lichtbogenlöschung nach dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1.The invention relates to an electrical, designed for low voltage switching device, in particular circuit breaker or contactor, with at least one device for arc extinguishing according to the preamble of claim 1.

Beim Abschalten hoher Ströme, insbesondere Kurzschlussströme, durch Schaltgeräte entstehen in deren Schaltkammern Lichtbögen. Nach Franken: "Niederspannungs-Leistungsschalter"; Berlin, Heidelberg, New York 1979, Seite 59 bis 62 , sind als Methoden zur Lichtbogenlöschung in Luft die Lichtbogenverlängerung, die Lichtbogenkühlung und die Lichtbogenunterteilung bekannt. Bei der Lichtbogenkühlung erfolgt die intensive Kühlung des Lichtbogens im wesentlichen durch die Berührung mit Isolierstoffteilen oder Kühlblechen. Bei der Lichtbogenunterteilung wird der Lichtbogen durch magnetische Kräfte in ein System von parallel oder bogenförmig angeordneten Löschblechen getrieben und in mehrere Teillichtbögen aufgeteilt, was zu einem wesentlichen Anstieg der Spannungsverluste innerhalb des Gesamtlichtbogens führt. Gegenüber Löschblechen sind Kühlbleche einfacher und damit kostengünstiger herzustellen, aber hinsichtlich der Höhe des zu löschenden Bogenstromes unterlegen.When switching off high currents, in particular short-circuit currents, by switching devices arcs occur in their switching chambers. After Franken: "low-voltage circuit breaker"; Berlin, Heidelberg, New York 1979, pages 59 to 62 , Arc extinction methods in air, arc extinction, arc cooling and arc division are known. In arc cooling, the intensive cooling of the arc takes place essentially by the contact with Isolierstoffteilen or cooling plates. In the arc division, the arc is driven by magnetic forces in a system of parallel or arcuately arranged quenching plates and divided into several partial arcs, resulting in a significant increase in the voltage losses within the total arc. Compared to quenching plates cooling plates are simpler and thus cheaper to produce, but inferior in terms of the height of the arc current to be deleted.

In der DE 41 09 717 C1 ist ein Schaltschütz mit in einem mehrteiligen Gehäuse angeordnetem Magnetantrieb, mit in Schaltkammer untergebrachten Schaltkontakten und mit den Schaltkontakten zugeordneten und Löschkammern bildenden Löschblechen beschrieben, die in einem einen Deckel verschließbaren Gehäuseoberteil untergebracht sind. Die mittels Isolierplatten zu Löschblechpaketen montierten und in die Gehäusekammern eingesetzten Löschbleche sind von doppelt in U-Form abgebogenen Endschenkeln von Kommutierungsblechen federnd gegen die Wandung des Gehäuseoberteils gedrückt und eingeklemmt.In the DE 41 09 717 C1 is a contactor with arranged in a multi-part housing magnetic drive, with housed in switching chamber switch contacts and with the switch contacts associated and extinguishing chambers forming quenching plates, which are housed in a lid closable upper housing part. The quenching plates mounted by means of insulating plates to splitter stacks and used in the housing chambers are pressed and clamped by double bent in U-shape end legs of Kommutierungsblechen resiliently against the wall of the upper housing part.

Bei einem Schaltschütz nach DE 198 14 411 C1 weist das oberste, dem Deckel zugewandte und als Abschirmblech ausgebildete Löschblech jeder zwei aufgebogene Laschen auf. An der Innenseite des Deckels sind mit den Laschen korrespondierende Taschen ausgebildet. Die Löschkammern sind an dem Deckel durch Einstecken der Laschen in die Taschen unter Ausbildung einer formschlüssigen Verbindung befestigbar.
Dokument DE 197 15 116 zeigt ein Schaltgerät gemäß des Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 1.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, Schaltgeräte mit einfachen Mitteln zum Schalten für unterschiedliche Strombereiche zu befähigen.At a contactor after DE 198 14 411 C1 has the top, facing the cover and designed as a shielding plate on each two straightened tabs. On the inside of the lid corresponding pockets are formed with the tabs. The extinguishing chambers are on the lid by plugging the tabs in the pockets to form a positive connection fastened.
document DE 197 15 116 shows a switching device according to the preamble of claim 1.
The invention has for its object to enable switching devices with simple means for switching for different current ranges.

Ausgehend von einem Schaltgerät der eingangs genannten Art wird die Aufgabe erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale des unabhängigen Anspruches gelöst, während den abhängigen Ansprüchen vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung zu entnehmen sind.Starting from a switching device of the type mentioned, the object is achieved by the features of the independent claim, while the dependent claims advantageous developments of the invention are apparent.

Das Gehäuse und der Deckel sind mit Führungs- und Halteelementen sowohl für Kühlbleche als auch für Löschblechpakete ausgestattet. Damit können ansonsten gleich ausgebildete Schaltgeräte wahlweise mit Lichtbogenlöscheinrichtungen in Form von Kühlblechen oder in Form von Löschblechpaketen ausgestattet werden. Bei der Ausstattung mit Kühlblechen ergibt sich eine preislich günstigere Schaltgerätevariante, wogegen sich bei der Ausstattung mit Löschblechpaketen eine Schaltgerätevariante mit höherem Schaltvermögen ergibt. Damit kann mit geringem Aufwand und unter Beibehaltung der übrigen Einzelteile die jeweils gewünschte Schaltgerätevariante hergestellt werden.The housing and the lid are equipped with guiding and holding elements for both cooling plates and splitter stacks. This otherwise otherwise identical switching devices can be optionally equipped with arc quenching devices in the form of cooling plates or in the form of splitter plate. When equipped with cooling plates results in a less expensive switchgear variant, whereas in the equipment with splitter stacks a switchgear variant with higher switching capacity results. This can be produced with little effort and while maintaining the remaining items each desired switching device variant.

Eine vorteilhafte Ausbildung der Erfindung besteht darin, die Löschbleche durch Innenwände und Ausformungen des Gehäuses sowie niederhaltende erste Halteelemente des Deckels geführt festzulegen. Eine weitere Ausbildung besteht darin, die Löschblechpakete durch zweite Halteelemente des Deckels festzulegen. Eine zweckmäßige Ausbildung besteht darin, die Führungs- und Halteelemente für die Kühlbleche und diejenigen für die Löschblechpakete hintereinander anzuordnen, wobei die Führungs- und Halteelemente für die Kühlbleche näher zu den Schaltkontakten, dagegen die Führungs- und Halteelemente für die Löschblechpakete näher zu Anschlusskontakten liegen.An advantageous embodiment of the invention is to set out the quenching plates by inner walls and formations of the housing and held down first holding elements of the lid. Another embodiment is to set the splitter stack by second holding elements of the lid. An expedient design is to arrange the guiding and holding elements for the cooling plates and those for the splitter stack in succession, the guide and holding elements for the cooling plates closer to the switch contacts, while the guiding and holding elements for the splitter stack are closer to connection contacts.

Weitere Einzelheiten und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus dem folgenden, anhand von Figuren erläuterten Ausführungsbeispiel. Es zeigen

Figur 1:
das Gehäuse eines erfindungsgemäßen Schaltgerätes mit Lichtbogenlöscheinrichtungen in perspektivischer Explosivdarstellung;
Figur 2:
die Draufsicht auf das geöffnete Gehäuse mit eingesetzten Kühlblechen;
Figur 3:
Längsschnitt III-III gemäß Fig. 2 mit aufgesetztem Deckel;
Figur 4:
die Draufsicht auf das geöffnete Gehäuse mit eingesetzten Löschblechpaketen;
Figur 5:
Längsschnitt V-V gemäß Fig. 4 mit aufgesetztem Deckel.
Further details and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following, explained with reference to figures embodiment. Show it
FIG. 1:
the housing of a switching device according to the invention with arc quenching in perspective exploded view;
FIG. 2:
the top view of the open housing with inserted cooling plates;
FIG. 3:
Longitudinal section III-III according to Fig. 2 with lid attached;
FIG. 4:
the top view of the open housing with inserted splitter stack;
FIG. 5:
Longitudinal section VV according to Fig. 4 with attached lid.

In Fig. 1 sind das Oberteil eines mehrteiligen Gehäuse 2 und ein das Gehäuse 2 verschließender zweiteiliger Deckel 4 eines elektrischen Schaltgerätes, beispielsweise eines dreipoligen Schaltschützes dargestellt. In dem Gehäuse2 sind polweise zwei Stromschienen 6 mit von außen zugängliche Anschlusskontakten 8 festgelegt. Die Stromschienen 6 reichen in Schaltkammern 10, die seitlich durch im Gehäuse 2 ausgebildete Innenwände 12 begrenzt werden. Schaltkammerseitig sind die Stromschienen 6 mit feststehenden Schaltkontakten 14 versehen, die in bekannter Weise mit nicht dargestellten beweglichen Schaltkontakten in Form von Kontaktbrücken zusammenwirken. In jeder Schaltkammer 10 ist eine Lichtbogenlöscheinrichtung entweder in Form eines U-förmigen Kühlbleches 16 oder in Form eines Löschblechpaketes 18 aus beabstandet gestapelten Löschblechen 20 einsetzbar. Dafür sind im Gehäuse 2 und im Deckel 4 nachfolgend näher beschriebene Führungs- und Halteelemente ausgebildet. In jeder Schaltkammer 10 erstrecken sich die Montageposition des Kühlbleches 16 und die Montageposition des Löschblechpaketes 18 hintereinander in Bezug auf die Längsrichtung des betreffenden Schaltpols. Dabei befindet sich die Montageposition der Kühlbleche 16 näher zu den feststehenden Schaltkontakten 14, dagegen die Montageposition der Löschblechpakete 18 näher zu Anschlusskontakten 8.In Fig. 1 are the upper part of a multi-part housing 2 and the housing 2 occlusive two-part cover 4 of an electrical switching device, such as a three-pole contactor shown. In the housing 2 poles two busbars 6 are fixed with externally accessible connection contacts 8. The busbars 6 extend into switching chambers 10 which are bounded laterally by inner walls 12 formed in the housing 2. Switching chamber side, the busbars 6 are provided with fixed switch contacts 14 which cooperate in a known manner with not shown movable switch contacts in the form of contact bridges. In each switching chamber 10 is an arc quenching device either in the form of a U-shaped cooling plate 16 or in the form of a splitter stack 18 from spaced stacked quenching plates 20 can be used. For this purpose, guide and holding elements described in more detail below are formed in the housing 2 and in the cover 4. In each switching chamber 10, the mounting position of the cooling plate 16 and the mounting position of the arc splitter stack 18 extend one behind the other with respect to the longitudinal direction of the respective switching pole. In this case, the mounting position of the cooling plates 16 is closer to the fixed switching contacts 14, however, the mounting position of the arc splitter stacks 18 closer to connection contacts. 8

Gemäß Fig. 2 und Fig. 3 sind die Kühlbleche 16 mit ihren Außenschenkeln 22 von den Innenwänden 12 seitlich geführt und durch ihre dem Deckel 4 abgewandten Stirnseiten 24 in taschenartigen Ausformungen 26 im Boden 27 des gezeigten Gehäuseteiles des Gehäuses 2 lagerichtig positioniert. An der Innenseite des Deckel 4 sind erste Halteelemente 28 angeformt, die bei aufgesetztem Deckel 4 die Kühlbleche 16 in ihrer Montageposition niederhalten und arretieren.According to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 the cooling plates 16 are laterally guided with their outer legs 22 of the inner walls 12 and positioned by their cover 4 facing away from end faces 24 in pocket-like formations 26 in the bottom 27 of the housing part of the housing 2 shown in the correct position. On the inside of the lid 4 first holding elements 28 are formed, which hold down the cooling plates 16 in its mounting position and lock with the lid 4.

Gemäß Fig. 4 und Fig. 5 sind die Löschblechpakete 18 mit einer Seite kraft-und/oder formschlüssig in taschenartigen zweiten Halteelementen 30 des Deckels 4 befestigbar. Nach Aufsetzen des Deckel 4 auf das Gehäuse 2 werden die Löschblechpakete 18 zwischen den Innenwänden12 sowie dem Boden 27 des Gehäuses 2 und dem Deckel 4 in ihrer Montageposition arretiert.According to 4 and FIG. 5 are the splitter stacks 18 with one side force and / or form-fitting in pocket-like second holding elements 30 of the lid 4 fastened. After placing the lid 4 on the housing 2, the splitter plate 18 are locked between the inner walls 12 and the bottom 27 of the housing 2 and the lid 4 in its mounting position.

Claims (4)

  1. An electrical switching device with means for arc quenching, terminal contacts (8) accessible from the outside being fixed and interrupter chambers (10) being formed in a housing (2) closable by a cover (4) and a fixed switching contact (14), a moving switching contact interacting therewith and at least one arc quenching means (16; 18) being arranged in each interrupter chamber (10), characterised in that guide and retaining elements (12, 26, 28, 30) both for insertable cooling plates (16) and for arc splitter stacks (18) for which these may be exchanged are provided in the housing (2) and in the cover (4).
  2. An electrical switching device according to the preceding claim, characterised in that the U-shaped cooling plates (16) lie with their outer legs (22) against the inner walls (12), laterally defining the interrupter chambers (10), of the housing (2) and with their end face (24) remote from the cover (4) in pocket-like shaped portions (26) of the housing (2) and are held down by first retaining elements (28) of the cover (4), when the latter is in place.
  3. An electrical switching device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the arc splitter stacks (18) may be fastened with one side non-interlockingly and/or interlockingly in pocket-like second retaining elements (30) of the cover (4) and lie, when the cover (4) is in place, between the inner walls (12), laterally defining the interrupter chambers (10), of the housing (2).
  4. An electrical switching device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that, in the direction of the terminal contacts (8), the guide and retaining elements (12, 30) for the arc splitter stacks (18) adjoin the guide and retaining elements (26, 28) for the cooling plates (16).
EP04787223A 2003-10-18 2004-09-27 Electric switching device comprising an arc-quenching unit Active EP1576633B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE20316027U DE20316027U1 (en) 2003-10-18 2003-10-18 Electrical switching device with device for arc extinguishing
DE20316027U 2003-10-18
PCT/EP2004/052324 WO2005036577A1 (en) 2003-10-18 2004-09-27 Electric switching device comprising an arc-quenching unit

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1576633A1 EP1576633A1 (en) 2005-09-21
EP1576633B1 true EP1576633B1 (en) 2009-04-08

Family

ID=30470057

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04787223A Active EP1576633B1 (en) 2003-10-18 2004-09-27 Electric switching device comprising an arc-quenching unit

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US7439469B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1576633B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4170363B2 (en)
CN (1) CN100435252C (en)
AT (1) ATE428179T1 (en)
DE (2) DE20316027U1 (en)
ES (1) ES2324820T3 (en)
HK (1) HK1095425A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2005036577A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA2630190C (en) 2005-11-21 2013-10-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft A method of manufacturing a starting device for a three-phase electric motor, and a starting device
EP1903589B1 (en) * 2006-09-21 2014-10-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Safety circuit breaker with light arc chamber
CN102484019B (en) * 2009-08-04 2015-03-18 Abb(瑞典)股份公司 A switching device
EP2413338B1 (en) * 2010-07-30 2017-08-30 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Switching device with cooling device
US9330861B2 (en) 2013-03-14 2016-05-03 General Electric Company Arc chute assembly for an automatic transfer switch system and methods of assembling the same
WO2015090384A1 (en) * 2013-12-18 2015-06-25 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Switching device havingan exchangeable switching piece assembly
CN107533930B (en) * 2014-09-24 2019-04-05 西门子公司 Switchgear with arc-control device
FR3027728B1 (en) * 2014-10-22 2017-12-08 Socomec Sa ELECTRIC ARC BREAKER DEVICE
CN107369573B (en) * 2016-05-11 2019-09-27 上海诺雅克电气有限公司 Motor protection breaker

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ZA896375B (en) * 1988-09-12 1990-05-30 Westinghouse Electric Corp Circuit breaker with arc gun
DE4109717C1 (en) 1991-03-25 1992-09-03 Kloeckner-Moeller Gmbh, 5300 Bonn, De
US5589672A (en) * 1994-06-14 1996-12-31 Fuji Electric Co., Ltd. Circuit breaker with arc quenching device and vent
DE19715116C2 (en) 1997-04-11 1999-05-12 Aeg Niederspannungstech Gmbh Arc chamber system
JP3411206B2 (en) * 1997-12-26 2003-05-26 三菱電機株式会社 Arc extinguishing device for contact switching equipment
DE19814411C1 (en) 1998-03-31 1999-07-15 Moeller Gmbh Electromagnetic switching device with quenching chamber, esp. a high power breaker
DE19956656A1 (en) * 1999-11-25 2001-05-31 Moeller Gmbh Current-limited contact arrangement has current loops in planes parallel to central plane and near contact opening path, and quenching plates held in two-part cassette of insulating material
DE10036370B4 (en) 2000-07-18 2009-07-09 Siemens Ag Arc quenching device with an attachment for low-voltage switchgear
EP1302957B1 (en) * 2001-10-11 2014-01-22 Weber Ag Low-voltage high-power contact arrangement

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
HK1095425A1 (en) 2007-05-04
ATE428179T1 (en) 2009-04-15
JP4170363B2 (en) 2008-10-22
US7439469B2 (en) 2008-10-21
WO2005036577A1 (en) 2005-04-21
CN100435252C (en) 2008-11-19
CN1868017A (en) 2006-11-22
ES2324820T3 (en) 2009-08-17
DE20316027U1 (en) 2004-01-15
JP2007507841A (en) 2007-03-29
EP1576633A1 (en) 2005-09-21
US20070045235A1 (en) 2007-03-01
DE502004009309D1 (en) 2009-05-20

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