EP1528171A2 - Wood-Concrete composite system comprising wooden construction elements, intermediate layers and concrete construction elements - Google Patents
Wood-Concrete composite system comprising wooden construction elements, intermediate layers and concrete construction elements Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1528171A2 EP1528171A2 EP04024931A EP04024931A EP1528171A2 EP 1528171 A2 EP1528171 A2 EP 1528171A2 EP 04024931 A EP04024931 A EP 04024931A EP 04024931 A EP04024931 A EP 04024931A EP 1528171 A2 EP1528171 A2 EP 1528171A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- wood
- concrete
- components
- composite systems
- seq
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 165
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 99
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title abstract description 13
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000739 chaotic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011384 asphalt concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011372 high-strength concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011513 prestressed concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011093 chipboard Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011269 tar Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006328 Styrofoam Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013590 bulk material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002508 compound effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010616 electrical installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009643 growth defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011121 hardwood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940029985 mineral supplement Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000020786 mineral supplement Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009417 prefabrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036316 preload Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011122 softwood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008261 styrofoam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 210000002105 tongue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
- E04C5/07—Reinforcing elements of material other than metal, e.g. of glass, of plastics, or not exclusively made of metal
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
- E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
- E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
- E04B5/04—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units with beams or slabs of concrete or other stone-like material, e.g. asbestos cement
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
- E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
- E04B5/12—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units with wooden beams
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
- E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
- E04B5/17—Floor structures partly formed in situ
- E04B5/23—Floor structures partly formed in situ with stiffening ribs or other beam-like formations wholly or partly prefabricated
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
- E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
- E04B5/32—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements
- E04B5/36—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor
- E04B5/38—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor with slab-shaped form units acting simultaneously as reinforcement; Form slabs with reinforcements extending laterally outside the element
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
- E04B5/48—Special adaptations of floors for incorporating ducts, e.g. for heating or ventilating
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
- E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
- E04C2/296—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and non-metallic or unspecified sheet-material
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/44—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose
- E04C2/52—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose with special adaptations for auxiliary purposes, e.g. serving for locating conduits
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
- E04C3/29—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces built-up from parts of different material, i.e. composite structures
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
- E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
- E04B5/17—Floor structures partly formed in situ
- E04B5/23—Floor structures partly formed in situ with stiffening ribs or other beam-like formations wholly or partly prefabricated
- E04B2005/232—Floor structures partly formed in situ with stiffening ribs or other beam-like formations wholly or partly prefabricated with special provisions for connecting wooden stiffening ribs or other wooden beam-like formations to the concrete slab
- E04B2005/237—Separate connecting elements
Definitions
- the invention relates to wood-concrete composite systems consisting of wooden components, Intermediate layers and concrete components according to the features of the preamble of Claim 1 exist.
- the known Connecting element is a flat flat body in the form of a steel sheet trained, which is glued into a slot introduced in the wood so that it protrudes from the wood over part of its surface. The preceding part of the Connecting element is used for connection with another material.
- connection element is formed as a flat flat body in the form of a steel sheet, which in a in the Wood-wrapped slot is glued so that it covers part of its area protruding from the wood.
- the protruding part of the connecting element has Anchor tongues anchored in the poured concrete.
- the published patent application DE 198 18 525 A1 discloses a wood-concrete composite element known, which consists of a variety of assembled boards, in turn Include composite webs and an overlying concrete component consists. Of the Bond between the concrete component and the boards or composite webs is by - in the wood incorporated recesses - embarked transverse force anchors generated.
- the transverse force anchors are transverse to the longitudinal direction of the composite boards arranged and thus have a geometric toothing between wood and Concrete on.
- the object of the invention is to wood-concrete composite systems with intermediate layers create, with high connection forces, different cross-sectional variations, different system properties and different building physics Features are equipped.
- the task of the intermediate layer is one Decoupling the distinctly different materials to create wood and concrete, without the stiff or rigid connection - a prerequisite for an effective Composite effect - to reduce the two materials.
- the present invention describes a wood-concrete composite system, which consists of Wooden components, intermediate layers and concrete components consists.
- the wooden parts are with the concrete component quasi rigid by continuously arranged connection means connected.
- the connecting means are as a flat body with corresponding openings or Roughening, as a grid and / or as networks of metals and / or plastics educated. At least one end of the connecting means is by gluing non-positively connected with the wooden components. It has surprisingly been found that the gluing of two ends of the connecting means with the wooden components not only produces an increase in intrinsic stability, but also an increase the composite stiffness provides. It may be appropriate to To form fasteners inhomogeneous and anisotropic, so that from this different properties of the connector in different ones Materials (wood component, intermediate layer, concrete component) result. The shape of the fasteners is next to the straight shape in all other odd Shapes such as e.g.
- the Arrangements of the connecting elements in the composite system according to the invention can e.g. side by side, one behind the other, diagonally, offset, offset, wavy and / or chaotic and are only of the Application requirements.
- the connecting means are in the timber components by gluing at least one End in prepared slots or depressions and in the concrete component through mechanical gearing anchored in hardened cement paste.
- Another Embodiment lies e.g. therein the connecting means on the wooden components or partly in and partly to stick to the wooden components, thereby a permanent and make frictional connection.
- the decouple Interlayers at least partially the wooden components of the concrete components and This allows a durable composite solution.
- the wooden components point at least in cases of use reinforcements, which are the structural and manufacturing weaknesses of wood and / or wood-based materials as well as wooden composite materials. It is in some applications as well conceivable the capacity of the wooden components by reinforcement or reinforcements increase to thereby increase the total capacity.
- the concrete components have at least in some applications on the one hand Deposits on which bridge the structural weaknesses of the concrete and / or on the other deposits on which the building physics conditions of the wood-concrete composite system change.
- the intermediate layers are at least partly as geometrical, mechanical, structural-physical and / or structural Separation or end coupling between the wooden components and concrete components given.
- the intermediate layers of the wood-concrete composite system can as single-layered or multi-layered layers are formed.
- the intermediate layers may be in liquid, solid and / or gaseous form e.g. by embarrassing, pouring, paint and / or foam used up and / or introduced.
- a single-layer intermediate layer consists for example of a plastic film, impregnated paper, bitumen board, plastic insulation layer, mineral Insulating layer, organic insulating material, renewable insulation material and infused or painted materials at a later date harden or cure, such. Tar, glue, plastic mixtures.
- the single layer intermediate layers make all mineral or mineral bonded materials (e.g., mineral bonded lightweight board, mineral-bound and insulated leveling screed) as well as metallic Materials (e.g., trapezoidal sheets, sandwich panels).
- the multi-layered layers are a combination of the above-described single layer interlayers in FIG of any shape and / or arrangement. The choice of single-layer or multi-layered Intermediate layers is therefore only of the requirements of the wood-concrete composite systems dependent.
- An advantage of the invention is the decoupling of the facing surfaces of the Holzbaumaschine and the concrete components by the embedded intermediate layer or Interlayers.
- a wetting of the wooden components would be permanent Rotting and thus destruction of the entire wood-concrete composite systems cause. This is especially given in bridge construction.
- the intermediate layers at least in some Applications cavities e.g. Cables, pipes, hoses, ducts and pipes, such as. Electricity, gas, water, air conditioning, electrical installation lines, include can be used for coupling to central systems.
- Electricity, gas, water, air conditioning, electrical installation lines include can be used for coupling to central systems.
- Another advantage is the physical decoupling of the facing Surfaces of wooden components and concrete components through the embedded Interlayers.
- Convention shows, for example, in conventional Wood-concrete composite ceilings additional "floating screeds" to Footfall sound insulation arranged on the composite ceiling.
- floating screeds to Footfall sound insulation arranged on the composite ceiling.
- an intermediate layer In the form of a footfall sound insulation, it is possible the sound insulation of to improve wood-concrete composite system according to the invention and thus a extensive decoupling between the concrete components and the timber components produce. Thus, in many applications this can lead to a "floating Screed "be waived.
- Another advantage is the increase of the "inner lever arm" of the wood-concrete composite system according to the invention by enlarging the Distance between the bending pressure and bending tension zone.
- Experience shows the stiffness of a composite system with increasing lever arm too.
- a inventive solution in the form of a box cross-section in conjunction with a Intermediate layer creates an incomparable rigidity of the wood-concrete composite system.
- wide-span support systems e.g. Ceilings, bridges
- Another advantage is the bonding of two and more ends of the Connecting means with the wooden components. This not only the inherent rigidity the connecting means but also the composite stiffness between the Increased wooden components and concrete components. Only then can it be Use inventive connecting means in an economical manner.
- Another advantage of the invention lies in the quasi-continuous connection between the wooden components and concrete components of the wood-concrete composite system.
- single-field systems i.e., systems that use over a span or a floor height protrude
- continuous systems are not only more economical but also more powerful than a single-frame system.
- Another advantage is the at least partial bridging of structural Weak spots, such as Branches, inclusions, growth defects of the wood, in the Use case lead to a limitation of the entire wood-concrete composite system.
- Another advantage is the at least partial Bridging of manufacturing vulnerability, such as dovetailing, Openings, holes, which in the application to a limitation of the total Wood-concrete composite system performing.
- the wood-concrete composite system consists of wooden components and characterized at least on one side adjoining concrete components characterized that between the wooden components and concrete components at least partially and at least one single-layer intermediate layer is formed, which is at least partially creates a separation or decoupling of the materials wood and concrete.
- the task of the intermediate layers is thus at least partially one geometric, mechanical and / or building physical decoupling of the materials To produce wood and concrete.
- this decoupling must not the Compound effect between wood and concrete substantially reduce, otherwise one economic solution can not be achieved.
- at least one Connecting element by bonding at least one end with the Wooden components and a mechanical toothing of the connecting element by setting the cement paste in the concrete components to arrange.
- connecting elements are optionally a composite of the connecting elements with the intermediate layer or the Given intermediate layers.
- the connecting means no association to the Have intermediate layers.
- inventive composite system conceivable, wherein the connecting elements non-positively bonded to the concrete components.
- the connecting means can be ordered and / or chaotic depending on the application to be ordered.
- the term "chaotic” is partly derived from mathematics taken over and does not mean ordered or not bound to rules. By way of example, the following are named as an arrangement: one behind the other, side by side, offset, longitudinal, transverse, diagonal, wavy, curved and / or scattered.
- the fasteners are as flat body, grid and / or nets in straighter and / or odd shape of metals and / or plastics used.
- the Connecting elements can be at least partially straight, curved, wavy, be formed curved, kinked, bent and / or twisted.
- the Flat bodies can be at least partially perforated, punched, drilled, roughened, stretched, pulled and / or distorted trained.
- An embodiment of the wood-concrete composite systems according to the invention has for example, the plastic part to be anchored in the wood and the part to be anchored in the concrete mooring part of metal.
- the connecting element would be as Hybrid material (metal and plastic) to designate.
- the geometric shape of the connecting element in the timber component, the Intermediate layers and the concrete component form differently, so This gives different material and composite properties. Consequently It should be noted that, depending on the application, an anisotropic and inhomogeneous Configuration of the connecting elements is selected.
- a further embodiment consists in the bonding of two or more ends of the Connecting elements according to the invention in and / or on the wooden components.
- a further embodiment of the invention consists therein, at least in partial areas the fasteners additional teeth, elevations and / or beads provided. Surprisingly, this has shown that this is a Positioning and / or fixing of the connecting elements in the corresponding Openings of the wooden components to the setting of the adhesive ensure lx. Of further, the leakage of the adhesive is prevented until setting.
- the fasteners can be glued in the factory and before the Transporting, interposing and / or assembling the bonding of the adhesive. This is also possible for wall or overhead applications.
- the connecting means are by gluing in corresponding openings in fixed to the wooden components and / or on the wooden components. It is thus one Embodiment of the invention conceivable in the connecting elements in the Glued wooden components and others glued on the wooden components become.
- the bond is preferably by one- or two-component Produces adhesives.
- Some adhesives e.g., epoxy resins, poly-urethane adhesives
- the glass transition effect describes a phenomenon in which the Adhesive at the appropriate temperature and simultaneous loading its Strength loses.
- An embodiment of the application according to the invention is in an energy supply of the adhesive joint of the connecting elements and / or the adjacent components during bonding or at a later date, thereby raising the glass transition effect to a higher temperature level and thereby increase or secure the composite effect.
- the energy supply can be localized by a stationary or mobile heat source (e.g., infrared) and / or surface. It is also conceivable the heat through Cable guides, which are in the timber components, the intermediate layers and / or to ensure the concrete components are located.
- the wooden components of the wood-concrete composite system exemplarily from individual elements in the form of a beam, a screed, a board, a square timber, a plate or a formwork and / or any Combination of the aforementioned individual elements in the form of multipart created composite cross-sectional shapes.
- Another bandwidth of the embodiment is the gains of the Wooden components and / or concrete components e.g. by steel reinforcement and / or Plastic, prestressing steels, etc. It is conceivable these reinforcements in or to create on the wooden components or concrete components.
- Another embodiment The invention consists in the enhancement or amplification of natural and / or manufacturing weak points of the wood components further local measures, such as Preloads, reinforcements, Bridging and / or tension.
- the cavities can be exemplified by pipes, balls, channels and / or tubes are generated.
- the lines can be exemplified by cables, Tubes, channels and / or hoses are generated.
- Another bandwidth of the embodiment of the invention is in the Pre-deformation (e.g., elevation, bending, curvature and / or bias) at least parts of the timber components, intermediate layers and / or Concrete components before or after the composite, thereby the later occurring Actions (and the resulting stresses and deformations) Installation and use at least partially counteract.
- Pre-deformation e.g., elevation, bending, curvature and / or bias
- the elevation increases after hardening of the concrete at a later time at least part of the elastic or plastic Compensate deflection of the single-carrier.
- the intermediate layers of the wood-concrete composite systems according to the invention can single-layered, multi-layered, loose and / or formed in a composite.
- the Intermediate layers are laid on top, rolled, poured, painted, sprayed and / or foamed in solid, liquid and / or gaseous form and / or subsequently introduced.
- a single-layer design includes i.a. Foil, impregnated paper, bitumen board, metal plates, plastic plates, Plastic insulation, mineral insulation, renewable insulating materials, Composite construction materials or hybrid materials (for example as individual elements, Plate elements, bulk material or rolls) or cast or painted materials that set at a later time or harden (for example, tar, oil, glue, plastic mixtures).
- multilayer Designs include any combinations of the aforementioned single-layered Versions loose and / or as composite.
- the concrete components are u.a. made of normal concrete, high-strength concrete, prestressed concrete, Composite concrete, screed concrete, lightweight concrete, aerated concrete and / or asphalt concrete and
- mineral supplements e.g. Plastics, Styrofoam, Wood exhibit.
- the production of the concrete components is in the factory or on the construction site possible.
- the concrete components can be partly in the factory and partly made on site. It is also conceivable that sections of the concrete components as prefabricated elements used in conjunction with locally concreted elements become.
- a preferred bandwidth of the embodiment is the gains (e.g. Reinforcement of steel and / or plastic, prestressing steels) of the concrete components.
- gains e.g. Reinforcement of steel and / or plastic, prestressing steels
- Another embodiment is in the Generation of cavities (e.g., through pipes, balls, quaters, channels, and / or Hoses) for weight reduction, for the subsequent introduction of Lines and / or for subsequent bias or bias with can be used subsequent composite.
- conduits e.g., cables, pipes, Ducts and / or hoses
- conduits e.g., cables, pipes, Ducts and / or hoses
- FIG. 1 Another embodiment lies in the introduction of conduits (e.g., cables, pipes, Ducts and / or hoses) in the concrete components, which are thus used as electricity, heating, Engineering and / or supply lines can be used.
- conduits e.g., cables, pipes, Ducts and / or hoses
- a further embodiment of the invention consists of several layers of Wooden components, intermediate layers and / or concrete components one above the other and / or form next to each other.
- the wood-concrete composite systems according to the invention can e.g. as a prop, Girder, beam, slab, wall, ceiling, roof, and / or bridge systems are formed and are depending on the design of e.g. to accommodate train, Compression, flexural, bending, torsional, and / or shear stresses suitable.
- FIG. 1 A first figure.
- Fig. 1 describes a perspective view of an embodiment of a portion of the wood-concrete composite system 100 according to the invention, which can be performed, for example, as a ceiling, wall and / or roof structure.
- the wood-concrete composite system 100 initially consists of wooden components 110 , in the form of beams 111 and a wood-based panel 112 .
- the beams 111 are connected in a non-positive manner to the wood-based panel 112 by gluing.
- the wood-based panel 112 is here exemplified in two places reinforced by internal reinforcements 120 in the form of synthetic fiber fabric.
- the connecting elements 130 are formed as stamped and distorted flat body (also known as expanded metal) 131 made of metal, which have a kink 132 at half the height.
- the kink 132 is formed offset in the longitudinal direction and thus forms a fork 133 in the form of a Y (fork 133 appears when viewed in the longitudinal direction).
- the buckle 132 the height positioning of the connecting elements is given and a linear predetermined breaking point in the concrete component is avoided by the bifurcation 133 .
- a reinforcing steel (not shown here) can be inserted self-positioning, which increases the overall capacity of the wood-concrete composite system.
- the intermediate layers 140 consist here by way of example of a dimensionally stable mineral wool 141 which are arranged between the beams 111 and a vapor-permeable foil 142 which covers the height-equalized beams 111 and mineral wool 141 and at the same time is connected in a form-fitting manner to the connecting elements 130, for example by adhesive tapes, without a frictional connection To provide connection to the connecting elements 130 .
- the intermediate layers 140 as mineral wool 141 have cavities 144 and 145 in the transverse and longitudinal direction, which serve as supply channels of building services. Surprisingly, it has been found that the cavities 145 can also be carried out in the transverse direction through the wooden beam 111 , since the composite effect bridges the cross-sectional slot.
- a further component of the intermediate layers is exemplified by Styroporquater 143 disposed einragend on the film 142 between the bar 111 into the concrete components 150th
- the concrete components 150 are formed here by way of example by a constant plate 151 with rib-like extensions 152 in the region of the connecting elements 130 .
- the concrete components 150 have reinforcements 153 in the form of welded mesh mats 154 , which rest on the connecting elements 130.
- the concrete components 150 furthermore have cavities 155 and lines 156 , which serve, on the one hand, for the supply of heat and, on the other hand, for the subsequent reinforcement of the concrete components 150 .
- the cavities 155 are used to introduce appropriate prestressing steels in order to enable a positive subsequent reinforcement of the concrete components 150 .
- the leads 156 are used for indirect heating of the kaugarklebung, thereby increasing the material-related glass transition temperature of the adhesive and thereby increase the carrying capacity of the kauselementverklebung under the influence of temperature.
- the concrete components further include reinforcements 157 in the form of reinforcing steels, which are arranged between the connecting elements 130 by way of example.
- the reinforcing steels 157 serve in this exemplary application to additional absorption of transverse tensile stresses that may occur in the region of the connecting elements 130 . Furthermore, surprisingly, this results in an additional toothing between the connecting elements 130 and the concrete components 150 .
- a further embodiment (not shown here) consists in the passage of the reinforcing bars 157 through the openings (eg expanded metal openings) of the connecting elements 130 .
- the wood-concrete composite systems 100 was here exemplarily made on site on the construction site as a ceiling system in which the individual wooden components 110 and intermediate layers 140 before concreting by an elevation (not shown, eg by support in the middle of the individual spans of the multi-field system increases ) were pre-formed to thereby counteract any later stress of the timber components during assembly and / or use of the system.
- Fig. 2 describes a perspective view of an embodiment of a portion of the wood-concrete composite system 200 according to the invention, which can be performed, for example, as a bridge or ceiling structure.
- the wood-concrete composite system 200 initially consists of a wooden component 210 , glued in the form of a glued laminated board 211 to the exemplary external reinforcements 212 in the form of carbon fiber reinforcements.
- the glulam panel 211 further shows, by way of example, cavities 213 and lines 214 which serve, on the one hand, for the power supply and, on the other hand, for the supply of heat.
- the cavities 213 are used to introduce appropriate electrical cables that can thus be invisibly guided by the wood-concrete composite systems.
- the lines 214 are used for indirect heating of the kaullbitbung, thereby increasing the material-related glass transition temperature of the adhesive and thereby increase the carrying capacity of the kauselementverklebung under the influence of temperature.
- the connecting elements 220 are here exemplified as corrugated dimensionally stable plastic mesh 221 and formed as a bent metal mesh 223 .
- the metal meshes 223 are used by way of example in a partial area of the wood-concrete composite system in that high local stresses prevail.
- the plastic grids 221 are anchored at about one-third of their height, with one end in the wooden member 210 by gluing.
- the plastic grids 221 have been made such that the grid openings 222 in the wood material 210 and in the intermediate layers 230 have smaller dimensions (close-meshed) than in the concrete component 240 , thereby saving on adhesive in the anchoring in the wooden component (lower adhesive volume) and on the other to increase the intrinsic stability of the plastic grids 221 in the region of the intermediate layers 230 (no frictional lateral support).
- the undulating shape provides, on the one hand, additional inherent stability and, on the other hand, further mechanical interlocking between the wooden components and concrete components to be joined.
- the plastic grids 221 have in the binding region of the wooden components 210 teeth (not shown here), which ensure a mechanical fixation of the connecting elements to the setting of the adhesive.
- the metal grid 223 are glued here, for example, with two ends in corresponding openings (here slots or channels) of the timber components and thereby provide in itself a geometrically rigid shape and at the same time a very rigid connection between the timber members 210 and the concrete components 240th
- the metal mesh 223 have in the kerf between connecting element and wood, for example, a bead (not shown here), which prevents the adhesive from exiting.
- the intermediate layers 230 consist here by way of example of a multilayer bitumen coating with embedded plastic film 231 and a PU rigid foam layer 232 , which was created by way of example from individually cut and laid in association panels.
- the concrete components 240 are formed here by way of example by a constant plate 241 .
- the concrete components 240 have reinforcements 242 in the form of welded steel meshes 243 , which for example only rest on the connecting elements 220 .
- the concrete slab 241 further includes a localized reinforcement 244 in the form of a reinforcing steel 245 which has been laterally connected (for example, wire-knurled, not shown) prior to concreting and applying the reinforcing steel mat 243 to the securing member 220 .
- the concrete components 240 furthermore have cavities 246 and lines 247 , which serve, on the one hand, for subsequent reinforcement and, on the other hand, for the climatic supply of the concrete components 240 .
- the cavities 246 are used to introduce appropriate prestressing steels in order to enable a non-positive subsequent reinforcement of the concrete components 240 .
- the position of the cavities 246 is dependent on the execution requirements and can be exemplified over, between and / or performed by the connecting elements 220 and / or 223 .
- the lines 247 serve as an example - via a coupling with a corresponding climate control center - for the climatic supply of the wood-concrete composite system and its surroundings.
- the wood-concrete composite system 200 was here prefabricated as an example in the factory as a precast and delivered as individual components Segmented to the site and mounted. Such prefabrication allows rapid construction of the structure without introducing additional moisture (eg mixing water of the reinforced concrete) in the wood-concrete composite system or buildings.
- the individual wood-concrete composite systems can be used immediately at the construction site Assembly or some time later with each other and / or with other construction stages be positively and / or positively connected. That way too Create disc effects with segmented wood-concrete composite systems.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft Holz-Beton-Verbundsysteme, die aus Holzbauteilen, Zwischenschichten und Betonbauteilen gemäß den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 1 bestehen.The invention relates to wood-concrete composite systems consisting of wooden components, Intermediate layers and concrete components according to the features of the preamble of Claim 1 exist.
Aus der Patentschrift DE 44 06 433 C2 ist bekannt Holz durch eingeklebte Formteile mit weiteren Werkstoffen jeder Art kraftschlüssig zu verbinden. Das bekannte Verbindungselement ist als ebener Flachkörper in Form eines Stahlblechs ausgebildet, das in einen im Holz eingebrachten Schlitz so eingeklebt wird, dass es über einen Teil seiner Fläche aus dem Holz vorsteht. Der vorstehende Teil des Verbindungselements dient zur Verbindung mit einem weiteren Werkstoff.From the patent DE 44 06 433 C2 is known wood by glued moldings To connect with other materials of any kind non-positively. The known Connecting element is a flat flat body in the form of a steel sheet trained, which is glued into a slot introduced in the wood so that it protrudes from the wood over part of its surface. The preceding part of the Connecting element is used for connection with another material.
Aus der Offenlegungsschrift DE 198 08 208 A1 ist bekannt Holz durch eingeklebte Formteile mit Beton kraftschlüssig zu verbinden. Das bekannte Verbindungselement ist als ebener Flachkörper in Form eines Stahlblechs ausgebildet, das in einen im Holz eingebrachten Schlitz so eingeklebt wird, dass es über einen Teil seiner Fläche aus dem Holz vorsteht. Der vorstehende Teil des Verbindungselements weist Ankerzungen auf, die sich in dem aufgegossenen Beton verankern.From the published patent application DE 198 08 208 A1 wood is known by glued Molded parts with concrete to connect force-fit. The known connection element is formed as a flat flat body in the form of a steel sheet, which in a in the Wood-wrapped slot is glued so that it covers part of its area protruding from the wood. The protruding part of the connecting element has Anchor tongues anchored in the poured concrete.
Aus der Offenlegungsschrift DE 198 18 525 A1 ist ein Holz-Beton-Verbundelement bekannt, welches aus einer Vielzahl von zusammengefügten Brettern, die wiederum Verbundstege beinhalten und einem darüber liegenden Betonbauteil besteht. Der Verbund zwischen dem Betonbauteil und den Brettern bzw. Verbundstegen wird durch - im Holz eingearbeitete Aussparungen - eingeschlagene Querkraftankern erzeugt. Die Querkraftanker sind quer zur Längsrichtung der Verbundbretter angeordnet und weisen somit eine geometrische Verzahnung zwischen Holz und Beton auf.The published patent application DE 198 18 525 A1 discloses a wood-concrete composite element known, which consists of a variety of assembled boards, in turn Include composite webs and an overlying concrete component consists. Of the Bond between the concrete component and the boards or composite webs is by - in the wood incorporated recesses - embarked transverse force anchors generated. The transverse force anchors are transverse to the longitudinal direction of the composite boards arranged and thus have a geometric toothing between wood and Concrete on.
Ein wesentlicher Nachteil der vorgenannten Schriften liegt in der mangelhaften Endkopplung der Materialien Holz und Beton und der daraus resultierenden Limitierungen in der Anwendung. So ist bekannt, dass ein direkter Kontakt zwischen Holz und Beton zu Schwitzwasser und somit zu Schimmelbildung im Holz führen kann. Des weiteren entsteht in einem direkten Kontakt zwischen Holz und Beton eine Schallbrücke, welche die Nutzbarkeit einer Holz-Beton-Verbunddecke ohne weiteren Aufbau verhindert. Des weiteren ist bekannt, dass die Steifigkeit eines Querschnittes mit zunehmendem Hebelarm zunimmt und somit eine ausgeprägte Zwischenschichtausbildung zu steiferen Systemen führt.A major disadvantage of the aforementioned writings lies in the deficient Final coupling of the materials wood and concrete and the resulting Limitations in the application. So it is known that a direct contact between Wood and concrete lead to condensation and thus mold in the wood can. Furthermore, in a direct contact between wood and concrete, a Sound bridge, which the usability of a wood-concrete composite ceiling without further Structure prevented. Furthermore, it is known that the rigidity of a cross section increases with increasing lever arm and thus a pronounced Interlayer training leads to stiffer systems.
Ein weiterer Nachteil der letztgenannten Schrift liegt darin, dass jegliche Einlagen in Form von Leitungen bzw. Rohren im Holz bzw. Beton im beanspruchten Querschnitt liegt und somit auf Dauer durch die Belastungen ihre Verwendbarkeit reduziert wird.Another disadvantage of the latter document is that any deposits in Shape of pipes or pipes in wood or concrete in the claimed cross-section and thus its usefulness is reduced in the long term by the loads.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, Holz-Beton-Verbundsysteme mit Zwischenschichten zu schaffen, die mit hohen Verbindungskräften, verschiedenen Querschnittsvarianten, verschiedenen Systemeigenschaften und verschiedenen bauphysikalischen Eigenschaften ausgestattet sind. Die Aufgabe der Zwischenschicht ist es dabei eine Entkopplung der deutlich unterschiedlichen Materialien Holz und Beton zu schaffen, ohne dabei die steife bzw. starre Verbindung ― Voraussetzung für eine effektive Verbundwirkung - der beiden Materialien zu mindern.The object of the invention is to wood-concrete composite systems with intermediate layers create, with high connection forces, different cross-sectional variations, different system properties and different building physics Features are equipped. The task of the intermediate layer is one Decoupling the distinctly different materials to create wood and concrete, without the stiff or rigid connection - a prerequisite for an effective Composite effect - to reduce the two materials.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale der Ansprüche 1 ff gelöst. Die vorliegende Erfindung beschreibt ein Holz-Beton-Verbundsystem, welches aus Holzbauteilen, Zwischenschichten und Betonbauteilen besteht. Die Holzbauteile sind mit dem Betonbauteil quasi starr durch kontinuierlich angeordnete Verbindungsmittel verbunden.This object is achieved by the features of claims 1 ff. The present invention describes a wood-concrete composite system, which consists of Wooden components, intermediate layers and concrete components consists. The wooden parts are with the concrete component quasi rigid by continuously arranged connection means connected.
Die Verbindungsmittel sind als Flachkörper mit entsprechenden Öffnungen bzw. Aufrauhungen, als Gitter und/oder als Netze aus Metallen und/oder Kunststoffen ausgebildet. Zumindest ein Ende der Verbindungsmittel wird durch Klebung kraftschlüssig mit den Holzbauteilen verbunden. Es hat sich überraschend gezeigt, dass die Verklebung von zwei Enden der Verbindungsmittel mit den Holzbauteilen nicht nur eine Erhöhung der Eigenstabilität erzeugt, sondern ebenfalls eine Erhöhung der Verbundsteifigkeit liefert. Dabei kann es zweckmäßig sein die Verbindungselemente inhomogen und anisotrop auszubilden, sodass sich hieraus unterschiedliche Eigenschaften (des Verbindungselements) in den unterschiedlichen Materialien (Holzbauteil, Zwischenschicht, Betonbauteil) ergeben. Die Formgebung der Verbindungselemente ist neben der geraden Form in allen weiteren ungeraden Formen, wie z.B. gebogen, gewellt, abgeknickt, abgewinkelt und/oder gerade denkbar und wird lediglich von den Anwendungsanforderungen abhängig sein. Die Anordnungen der Verbindungselemente in dem erfindungsgemäßen Verbundsystem können z.B. nebeneinander, hintereinander, diagonal, versetzt, abgesetzt, wellenförmig und/oder chaotisch verlaufen und sind lediglich von den Anwendungsanforderungen abhängig.The connecting means are as a flat body with corresponding openings or Roughening, as a grid and / or as networks of metals and / or plastics educated. At least one end of the connecting means is by gluing non-positively connected with the wooden components. It has surprisingly been found that the gluing of two ends of the connecting means with the wooden components not only produces an increase in intrinsic stability, but also an increase the composite stiffness provides. It may be appropriate to To form fasteners inhomogeneous and anisotropic, so that from this different properties of the connector in different ones Materials (wood component, intermediate layer, concrete component) result. The shape of the fasteners is next to the straight shape in all other odd Shapes such as e.g. bent, curled, bent, angled and / or straight conceivable and will only depend on the application requirements. The Arrangements of the connecting elements in the composite system according to the invention can e.g. side by side, one behind the other, diagonally, offset, offset, wavy and / or chaotic and are only of the Application requirements.
Die Verbindungsmittel sind in den Holzbauteilen durch Klebung zumindest eines Endes in vorbereitete Schlitze bzw. Vertiefungen und im Betonbauteil durch mechanische Verzahnung im abgebundenen Zementleim verankert. Eine weitere Ausführungsvariante liegt z.B. darin die Verbindungsmittel auf die Holzbauteile bzw. zum Teil in und zum Teil auf die Holzbauteile zu kleben, um dadurch eine dauerhafte und kraftschlüssige Verbindung herzustellen. Die Verbindungsmittel durchdringen dabei die Zwischenschichten je nach Anforderung mit, partiell bzw. ohne eine kraftschlüssige Verbindung mit den Zwischenschichten. Somit entkoppeln die Zwischenschichten zumindest teilweise die Holzbauteile von den Betonbauteilen und lassen dadurch eine dauerhafte Verbundlösung zu. Die Holzbauteile weisen zumindest in machen Anwendungsfällen Verstärkungen auf, welche die strukturellen und fertigungstechnischen Schwachstellen des Holzes und/oder der Holzwerkstoffe sowie Holzverbundwerkstoffe überbrücken. Es ist in einigen Anwendungen auch denkbar die Kapazität der Holzbauteile durch Bewehrung bzw. Verstärkungen zu erhöhen, um dadurch eine Erhöhung der Gesamtkapazität zu erzeugen.The connecting means are in the timber components by gluing at least one End in prepared slots or depressions and in the concrete component through mechanical gearing anchored in hardened cement paste. Another Embodiment lies e.g. therein the connecting means on the wooden components or partly in and partly to stick to the wooden components, thereby a permanent and make frictional connection. Penetrate the connecting means while the intermediate layers, depending on the requirement with, partially or without one frictional connection with the intermediate layers. Thus, the decouple Interlayers at least partially the wooden components of the concrete components and This allows a durable composite solution. The wooden components point at least in cases of use reinforcements, which are the structural and manufacturing weaknesses of wood and / or wood-based materials as well as wooden composite materials. It is in some applications as well conceivable the capacity of the wooden components by reinforcement or reinforcements increase to thereby increase the total capacity.
Die Betonbauteile weisen zumindest in manchen Anwendungsfällen zum einen Einlagen auf, welche die strukturellen Schwachstellen des Betons überbrücken und/oder zum anderen Einlagen auf, welche die bauphysikalischen Gegebenheiten des Holz-Beton-Verbundsystems verändern. Die Zwischenschichten sind zumindest teilweise als geometrische, mechanische, bauphysikalische und/oder strukturelle Trennung bzw. Endkopplung zwischen den Holzbauteilen und Betonbauteilen gegeben. Die Zwischenschichten des Holz-Beton-Verbundsystems können als einlagige oder mehrlagige Ebenen ausgebildet werden. Die Zwischenschichten können in flüssiger, fester und/oder gasförmiger Form z.B. durch verlegen, gießen, streichen und/oder schäumen aufgebraucht und/oder eingebracht werden. Eine einlagige Zwischenschicht besteht beispielsweise aus einer Kunststofffolie, imprägniertem Papier, Bitumenpappe, Kunststoffdämmschicht, mineralischen Dämmschicht, organischem Dämmmaterial, nachwachsendem Dämmmaterial und aufgegossenen bzw. aufgestrichenen Materialien, die zu einem späteren Zeitpunkt abbinden bzw. aushärten, wie z.B. Teer, Kleber, Kunststoffmixturen. Weitere Formen der einlagigen Zwischenschichten stellen alle mineralischen bzw. mineralisch gebundenen Werkstoffe (z.B. mineralisch gebundene Leichtbauplatte, mineralischgebundener und gedämmter Ausgleichsestrich) sowie metallische Werkstoffe (z.B. Trapezbleche, Sandwich-Bauteile) dar. Die mehrlagigen Ebenen sind eine Kombination der zuvor beschriebenen einlagigen Zwischenschichten in beliebiger Form und/oder Anordnung. Die Wahl der einlagigen bzw. mehrlagigen Zwischenschichten ist somit lediglich von den Anforderungen an das Holz-Beton-Verbundsysteme abhängig.The concrete components have at least in some applications on the one hand Deposits on which bridge the structural weaknesses of the concrete and / or on the other deposits on which the building physics conditions of the wood-concrete composite system change. The intermediate layers are at least partly as geometrical, mechanical, structural-physical and / or structural Separation or end coupling between the wooden components and concrete components given. The intermediate layers of the wood-concrete composite system can as single-layered or multi-layered layers are formed. The intermediate layers may be in liquid, solid and / or gaseous form e.g. by embarrassing, pouring, paint and / or foam used up and / or introduced. A single-layer intermediate layer consists for example of a plastic film, impregnated paper, bitumen board, plastic insulation layer, mineral Insulating layer, organic insulating material, renewable insulation material and infused or painted materials at a later date harden or cure, such. Tar, glue, plastic mixtures. Other forms The single layer intermediate layers make all mineral or mineral bonded materials (e.g., mineral bonded lightweight board, mineral-bound and insulated leveling screed) as well as metallic Materials (e.g., trapezoidal sheets, sandwich panels). The multi-layered layers are a combination of the above-described single layer interlayers in FIG of any shape and / or arrangement. The choice of single-layer or multi-layered Intermediate layers is therefore only of the requirements of the wood-concrete composite systems dependent.
Ein Vorteil der Erfindung ist die Entkopplung der sich zugewandten Oberflächen der Holzbauteile und der Betonbauteile durch die eingebetteten Zwischenschicht bzw. Zwischenschichten. Somit lassen sich Bauteilfeuchten in den Betonbauteilen von den Holzbauteilen fernhalten. Eine Durchnässung der Holzbauteile würde auf Dauer Fäulnis und somit eine Zerstörung des gesamten Holz-Beton-Verbundsysteme verursachen. Dies ist besonders im Brückenbau gegeben.An advantage of the invention is the decoupling of the facing surfaces of the Holzbauteile and the concrete components by the embedded intermediate layer or Interlayers. Thus, building components in the concrete components of the Keep wooden components away. A wetting of the wooden components would be permanent Rotting and thus destruction of the entire wood-concrete composite systems cause. This is especially given in bridge construction.
Ein weiterer Vorteil ist, dass die Zwischenschichten zumindest in manchen Anwendungen Hohlräume, wie z.B. Kabel, Rohre, Schläuche, Kanäle und Leitungen, wie z.B. Strom-, Gas-, Wasser-, Klima-, Elektroinstallationsleitungen, beinhalten können, die zur Kopplung an zentrale Anlagen genutzt werden. Somit lassen sich entsprechende Versorgungsleitungen in den "belastungsneutralen" Zwischenschichten einbetten.Another advantage is that the intermediate layers at least in some Applications cavities, e.g. Cables, pipes, hoses, ducts and pipes, such as. Electricity, gas, water, air conditioning, electrical installation lines, include can be used for coupling to central systems. Thus can be corresponding supply lines in the "burden-neutral" Embed intermediate layers.
Ein weiterer Vorteile liegt in der thermischen Entkopplung der sich zugewandten Oberflächen der Holzbauteile und der Betonbauteile durch die eingebetteten Zwischenschichten. Erfahrungsgemäß sind bei direkter Berührung von Holz und Beton mit Schwitzwasserbildungen zu rechnen, die auf Dauer Holzfäule und somit die Zerstörung des Holz-Beton-Verbundsystems verursachen. Dieser Prozess lässt sich durch die Anordnung von Zwischenschichten z.B. mineralische Dämmung in Verbindung mit aufliegender Folie verhindern. Insbesondere im Wand- und Dachbereich stellen derartige erfindungsgemäße Holz-Beton-Verbundsysteme eine vorteilhafte Lösung dar.Another advantage lies in the thermal decoupling of the facing Surfaces of wooden components and concrete components through the embedded Interlayers. Experience has shown that in direct contact with wood and Concrete with Schwitzwasserbildungen to count on the long-term wood rot and thus cause the destruction of the wood-concrete composite system. This process leaves due to the arrangement of intermediate layers, e.g. mineral insulation in Prevent connection with overlying film. Especially in wall and Roof area provide such wood-concrete composite systems of the invention advantageous solution.
Ein weiterer Vorteil liegt in der physikalischen Entkopplung der sich zugewandten Oberflächen der Holzbauteile und der Betonbauteile durch die eingebetteten Zwischenschichten. Erfahrungsgemäß werden beispielsweise in herkömmlichen Holz-Beton-Verbunddecken zusätzliche "schwimmende Estriche" zur Trittschalldämmung auf der Verbunddecke angeordnet. Durch eine Zwischenschicht in Form einer Trittschalldämmung ist es möglich die Schalldämmung des erfindungsgemäßen Holz-Beton-Verbundsystems zu verbessern und somit eine flächige Entkopplung zwischen den Betonbauteilen und den Holzbauteilen zu erzeugen. Somit kann hierdurch in vielen Anwendungen auf einen "schwimmenden Estrich" verzichtet werden.Another advantage is the physical decoupling of the facing Surfaces of wooden components and concrete components through the embedded Interlayers. Experience shows, for example, in conventional Wood-concrete composite ceilings additional "floating screeds" to Footfall sound insulation arranged on the composite ceiling. Through an intermediate layer In the form of a footfall sound insulation, it is possible the sound insulation of to improve wood-concrete composite system according to the invention and thus a extensive decoupling between the concrete components and the timber components produce. Thus, in many applications this can lead to a "floating Screed "be waived.
Ein weiterer Vorteil liegt in der Erhöhung des "inneren Hebelarmes" des erfindungsgemäßen Holz-Beton-Verbundsystems durch eine Vergrößerung des Abstandes zwischen der Biegedruck- und Biegezugzone. Erfahrungsgemäß nimmt die Steifigkeit eines Verbundsystems mit zunehmendem Hebelarm zu. Eine erfindungsgemäße Lösung in Form eines Kastenquerschnitts in Verbindung mit einer Zwischenschicht erzeugt eine unvergleichbare Steifigkeit des Holz-Beton-Verbundsystems. Somit lassen sich weitgespannte Tragsysteme (z.B. Dächer, Decken, Brücken) mit der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung realisieren.Another advantage is the increase of the "inner lever arm" of the wood-concrete composite system according to the invention by enlarging the Distance between the bending pressure and bending tension zone. Experience shows the stiffness of a composite system with increasing lever arm too. A inventive solution in the form of a box cross-section in conjunction with a Intermediate layer creates an incomparable rigidity of the wood-concrete composite system. Thus, wide-span support systems (e.g. Ceilings, bridges) with the solution according to the invention.
Ein weiterer Vorteil liegt in der Verklebung von zwei und mehr Enden der Verbindungsmittel mit den Holzbauteilen. Dadurch wird nicht nur die Eigensteifigkeit der Verbindungsmittel sondern auch die Verbundsteifigkeit zwischen den Holzbauteilen und Betonbauteilen erhöht. Erst dadurch lassen sich erfindungsgemäße Verbindungsmittel in wirtschaftlicher Art und Weise einsetzen. Another advantage is the bonding of two and more ends of the Connecting means with the wooden components. This not only the inherent rigidity the connecting means but also the composite stiffness between the Increased wooden components and concrete components. Only then can it be Use inventive connecting means in an economical manner.
Ein weiterer Vorteile der Erfindung liegt in der quasi kontinuierlichen Verbindung zwischen den Holzbauteilen und Betonbauteilen des Holz-Beton-Verbundsystems. Somit können derzeitige Limitierungen auf Einfeldsysteme (d.h. Systeme, die über eine Stützweite bzw. ein Stockwerkshöhe ragen) überwunden werden. Nun lassen sich problemlos z.B. wechselnde Biegebeanspruchungen von Wand-, Wand und/oder Deckensystemen über mehrere Stützweiten bzw. Stockwerkshöhen ausbilden. Erfahrungsgemäß sind "Durchlaufsysteme" nicht nur wirtschaftlicher sondern auch leistungsfähiger als Einfeldsystem.Another advantage of the invention lies in the quasi-continuous connection between the wooden components and concrete components of the wood-concrete composite system. Thus, current limitations can be imposed on single-field systems (i.e., systems that use over a span or a floor height protrude) to be overcome. Let it go easily, e.g. alternating bending stresses of wall, wall and / or ceiling systems over several spans or floor heights form. Experience has shown that "continuous systems" are not only more economical but also more powerful than a single-frame system.
Ein weiterer Vorteil sind die zumindest partiellen Überbrückungen von strukturellen Schwachstellen, wie z.B. Äste, Einschlüsse, Wuchsfehler des Holzes, die im Anwendungsfall zu einer Limitierung des gesamten Holz-Beton-Verbundsystemsführen. Ein weiterer Vorteil sind die zumindest partiellen Überbrückungen von fertigungstechnischen Schwachstelle, wie z.B. Keilzinkungen, Öffnungen, Bohrungen, die im Anwendungsfall zu einer Limitierung des gesamten Holz-Beton-Verbundsystemsführen.Another advantage is the at least partial bridging of structural Weak spots, such as Branches, inclusions, growth defects of the wood, in the Use case lead to a limitation of the entire wood-concrete composite system. Another advantage is the at least partial Bridging of manufacturing vulnerability, such as dovetailing, Openings, holes, which in the application to a limitation of the total Wood-concrete composite system performing.
Das erfindungsgemäße Holz-Beton-Verbundsystem besteht aus Holzbauteilen und daran zumindest einseitig angrenzenden Betonbauteilen dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen den Holzbauteilen und Betonbauteilen zumindest teilweise und zumindest eine einlagige Zwischenschicht ausgebildet ist, die zumindest teilweise eine Trennung bzw. Entkopplung der Materialien Holz und Beton erzeugt. Die Aufgabe der Zwischenschichten besteht somit darin zumindest teilweise eine geometrische, mechanische und/oder bauphysikalische Entkopplung der Materialien Holz und Beton zu erzeugen. Diese Entkopplung darf allerdings nicht die Verbundwirkung zwischen Holz und Beton wesentlich reduzieren, da sonst eine wirtschaftliche Lösung nicht zu erzielen ist. Hierfür ist es erforderlich zumindest ein Verbindungselement durch Verklebung von zumindest einem Ende mit den Holzbauteilen und einer mechanischen Verzahnung des Verbindungselementes durch das Abbinden des Zementleims in den Betonbauteilen anzuordnen. Dabei ist wahlweise ein Verbund der Verbindungselemente mit der Zwischenschicht bzw. den Zwischenschichten gegeben. In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist es ebenfalls denkbar, dass die Verbindungsmittel keinerlei Verbund zu den Zwischenschichten aufweisen. Es ist ebenfalls eine Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Verbundsystems denkbar, worin die Verbindungselemente kraftschlüssig mit den Betonbauteilen verklebt sind.The wood-concrete composite system according to the invention consists of wooden components and characterized at least on one side adjoining concrete components characterized that between the wooden components and concrete components at least partially and at least one single-layer intermediate layer is formed, which is at least partially creates a separation or decoupling of the materials wood and concrete. The The task of the intermediate layers is thus at least partially one geometric, mechanical and / or building physical decoupling of the materials To produce wood and concrete. However, this decoupling must not the Compound effect between wood and concrete substantially reduce, otherwise one economic solution can not be achieved. For this it is necessary at least one Connecting element by bonding at least one end with the Wooden components and a mechanical toothing of the connecting element by setting the cement paste in the concrete components to arrange. It is optionally a composite of the connecting elements with the intermediate layer or the Given intermediate layers. In a further embodiment of the invention it is also conceivable that the connecting means no association to the Have intermediate layers. It is also an embodiment of inventive composite system conceivable, wherein the connecting elements non-positively bonded to the concrete components.
Die Verbindungsmittel können je nach Anwendungsfall geordnet und/oder chaotisch angeordnet werden. Der Begriff "chaotisch" wird hier zum Teil aus der Mathematik übernommen und bedeutet nicht geordnet bzw. nicht an Regeln gebunden. Beispielhaft werden als Anordnung genannt: hintereinander, nebeneinander, versetzt, längs, quer, diagonal, gewellt, geschwungen und/oder gestreut.The connecting means can be ordered and / or chaotic depending on the application to be ordered. The term "chaotic" is partly derived from mathematics taken over and does not mean ordered or not bound to rules. By way of example, the following are named as an arrangement: one behind the other, side by side, offset, longitudinal, transverse, diagonal, wavy, curved and / or scattered.
Die Verbindungselemente werden als Flachkörper, Gitter und/oder Netze in gerader und/oder ungerader Form aus Metallen und/oder Kunststoffen verwendet. Die Verbindungselemente können zumindest teilweise gerade, gebogen, gewellt, geschwungen, geknickt, abgewinkelt und/oder verdrillt ausgebildet werden. Die Flachkörper können zumindest teilweise gelocht, gestanzt, gebohrt, aufgerauht, gestreckt, gezogen und/oder verzerrt ausgebildet werden.The fasteners are as flat body, grid and / or nets in straighter and / or odd shape of metals and / or plastics used. The Connecting elements can be at least partially straight, curved, wavy, be formed curved, kinked, bent and / or twisted. The Flat bodies can be at least partially perforated, punched, drilled, roughened, stretched, pulled and / or distorted trained.
Eine Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Holz-Beton-Verbundsysteme weist beispielhaft den im Holz zu verankernden Teil aus Kunststoff und den im Beton zu verankemden Teil aus Metall aus. In diesem Fall wäre das Verbindungselement als Hybridmaterial (Metall und Kunststoff) zu bezeichnen. Des weiteren ist es denkbar die geometrische Form des Verbindungselementes im Holzbauteil, den Zwischenschichten und dem Betonbauteil unterschiedlich auszubilden, sodass dadurch unterschiedliche Material- und Verbundeigenschaften gegeben sind. Somit gilt festzustellen, dass je nach Anwendungsfall eine anisotrope und inhomogene Ausgestaltung der Verbindungselemente gewählt wird.An embodiment of the wood-concrete composite systems according to the invention has For example, the plastic part to be anchored in the wood and the part to be anchored in the concrete mooring part of metal. In this case, the connecting element would be as Hybrid material (metal and plastic) to designate. Furthermore, it is conceivable the geometric shape of the connecting element in the timber component, the Intermediate layers and the concrete component form differently, so This gives different material and composite properties. Consequently It should be noted that, depending on the application, an anisotropic and inhomogeneous Configuration of the connecting elements is selected.
Eine weitere Ausgestaltung besteht in der Verklebung von zwei oder mehr Enden der erfindungsgemäßen Verbindungselemente in und/oder auf den Holzbauteilen. Dadurch lassen sich neben der Eigenstabilität der Verbindungselemente auch die Verbundsfestigkeiten der Holz-Beton-Verbundsysteme erhöhen. A further embodiment consists in the bonding of two or more ends of the Connecting elements according to the invention in and / or on the wooden components. As a result, in addition to the inherent stability of the connecting elements and the Increase the bond strength of wood-concrete composite systems.
Eine weitere Ausgestaltung der Erfindung besteht darin zumindest in Teilbereichen der Verbindungselemente zusätzliche Verzahnungen, Erhebungen und/oder Wulste vorzusehen. Überraschenderweise hat dies gezeigt, dass sich dadurch eine Positionierung und/oder Fixierung der Verbindungselemente in den Entsprechenden Öffnungen der Holzbauteile bis zum Abbinden des Klebers gewährleisten läst. Des weiteren wird dadurch das Austreten des Klebers bis zum Abbinden verhindert. Somit lassen sich die Verbindungselemente im Werk verkleben und noch vor dem Abbinden des Klebers transportieren, zwischenlagern und/oder montieren. Dies ist auch für Wand bzw. Überkopfanwendungen möglich.A further embodiment of the invention consists therein, at least in partial areas the fasteners additional teeth, elevations and / or beads provided. Surprisingly, this has shown that this is a Positioning and / or fixing of the connecting elements in the corresponding Openings of the wooden components to the setting of the adhesive ensure läst. Of further, the leakage of the adhesive is prevented until setting. Thus, the fasteners can be glued in the factory and before the Transporting, interposing and / or assembling the bonding of the adhesive. This is also possible for wall or overhead applications.
Die Verbindungsmittel werden durch Verklebung in entsprechenden Öffnungen in den Holzbauteilen und/oder auf den Holzbauteilen fixiert. Es ist somit eine Ausgestaltung der Erfindung denkbar in der Verbindungselemente in den Holzbauteilen eingeklebt werden und andere auf den Holzbauteilen aufgeklebt werden. Die Verklebung wird vorzugsweise durch ein- oder zweikomponentige Klebstoffe erzeugt. Einige Klebstoffe (z.B. Epoxidharze, Poly-Urethanklebstoffe) sind bei entsprechenden Belastungs- und Klimabedingungen vom Glasübergangseffekt betroffen. Der Glasübergangseffekt beschreibt dabei ein Phänomen, in dem der Klebstoff bei entsprechender Temperatur und gleichzeitiger Belastung seine Festigkeit verliert. Eine Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Anwendung liegt in einer Energiezufuhr der Klebefuge der Verbindungselemente und/oder der benachbarten Bauteile während der Verklebung oder zu einem späteren Zeitpunkt, um dadurch den Glasübergangseffekt auf ein höheres Temperaturniveau anzuheben und dadurch die Verbundwirkung zu steigern bzw. zu sichern. Die Energiezufuhr kann beispielhaft durch eine stationäre bzw. mobile Wärmequelle (z.B. infrarot) lokal und/oder flächig eingeleitet werden. Es ist ebenfalls denkbar die Wärmezufuhr durch Leitungsführungen, die sich in den Holzbauteilen, den Zwischenschichten und/oder den Betonbauteilen befinden zu gewährleisten.The connecting means are by gluing in corresponding openings in fixed to the wooden components and / or on the wooden components. It is thus one Embodiment of the invention conceivable in the connecting elements in the Glued wooden components and others glued on the wooden components become. The bond is preferably by one- or two-component Produces adhesives. Some adhesives (e.g., epoxy resins, poly-urethane adhesives) are under appropriate load and climatic conditions from the glass transition effect affected. The glass transition effect describes a phenomenon in which the Adhesive at the appropriate temperature and simultaneous loading its Strength loses. An embodiment of the application according to the invention is in an energy supply of the adhesive joint of the connecting elements and / or the adjacent components during bonding or at a later date, thereby raising the glass transition effect to a higher temperature level and thereby increase or secure the composite effect. The energy supply For example, it can be localized by a stationary or mobile heat source (e.g., infrared) and / or surface. It is also conceivable the heat through Cable guides, which are in the timber components, the intermediate layers and / or to ensure the concrete components are located.
Die Holzbauteile des erfindungsgemäßen Holz-Beton-Verbundsystems werden beispielhaft aus Einzelelementen in Form eines Balken, einer Bohle, einem Brett, eines Kantholzes, einer Platte oder einer Schalung erstellt und/oder einer beliebigen Kombination der vorgenannten Einzelelemente in Form von mehrteilig zusammengesetzten Querschnittsformen erstellt. Dabei bestehen die Holzbauteile aus gewachsenem Vollholz, Holzwerkstoffen und/oder Holzverbundwerkstoffen. Um die Vielfalt der sich daraus ergebenden Varianten der Holzverwendung ansatzweise zu verdeutlichen werden nachfolgend einige wenige aufgeführt: Vollholz, Nadelholz, Laubholz, Brettschichtholz, Furnierschichtholz, Furnierstreifenholz, Spanholz, Zementgebundene Spanplatten, Spanplatten, Mehrschichtplatten, OSB-Platten, Kunststoff-Holzverbundbauplatten, etc.The wooden components of the wood-concrete composite system according to the invention exemplarily from individual elements in the form of a beam, a screed, a board, a square timber, a plate or a formwork and / or any Combination of the aforementioned individual elements in the form of multipart created composite cross-sectional shapes. There are the wooden components made of grown solid wood, wood materials and / or wood composites. Around the variety of the resulting variants of wood usage To clarify, a few are listed below: Solid wood, softwood, Hardwood, glulam, laminated veneer lumber, veneer strip, chipboard, Cement-bonded chipboard, chipboard, multilayer boards, OSB boards, Plastic composite wood panels, etc.
Eine weitere Bandbreite der Ausgestaltung besteht in der Verstärkungen der Holzbauteile und/oder der Betonbauteile z.B. durch Bewehrung aus Stahl und/oder Kunststoff, Vorspannstähle, etc. Es ist dabei denkbar diese Verstärkungen in oder auf den Holzbauteilen bzw. Betonbauteilen zu erstellen. Eine weitere Ausgestaltung der Erfindung besteht in der Ertüchtigung bzw. Verstärkung von natürlichen und/oder fertigungstechnischen Schwachstellen der Holzbauteile durch weitere örtliche Maßnahmen, wie z.B. Vorspannungen, Bewehrungen, Überbrückungen und/oder Verspannungen.Another bandwidth of the embodiment is the gains of the Wooden components and / or concrete components e.g. by steel reinforcement and / or Plastic, prestressing steels, etc. It is conceivable these reinforcements in or to create on the wooden components or concrete components. Another embodiment The invention consists in the enhancement or amplification of natural and / or manufacturing weak points of the wood components further local measures, such as Preloads, reinforcements, Bridging and / or tension.
Eine weitere Bandbreite der Ausgestaltung besteht in der Erzeugung von Hohlräume bzw. Leitungsführungen in den Holzbauteilen, den Zwischenschichten und/oder Betonbauteilen. Die Hohlräume können beispielhaft durch Rohre, Kugeln, Kanäle und/oder Schläuche erzeugt werden. Die Leitungen können beispielhaft durch Kabel, Rohre, Kanäle und/oder Schläuche erzeugt werden.Another bandwidth of the embodiment is the generation of cavities or routing in the timber components, the intermediate layers and / or Concrete structures. The cavities can be exemplified by pipes, balls, channels and / or tubes are generated. The lines can be exemplified by cables, Tubes, channels and / or hoses are generated.
Eine weitere Bandbreite der Ausgestaltung der Erfindung besteht in der Vorverformung (z.B. Überhöhung, Biegung, Krümmung und/oder Vorspannung) zumindest von Teilbereichen der Holzbauteile, Zwischenschichten und/oder Betonbauteilen vor oder nach dem Verbund, um dadurch den spätere auftretenden Einwirkungen (und den daraus resultierenden Spannungen und Verformungen) der Montage und der Nutzung zumindest teilweise entgegenzuwirken. Somit ist beispielhaft eine Anwendung zu nennen, wo ein Einfeldträger eines Deckensystems vor dem aufbringen des Frischbetons eine mittige Überhöhung (erzeugt durch mittige Absprießung) aufweist. Die Überhöhung wird nach dem Abbinden des Beton zu einem späteren Zeitpunkt zumindest einen Teil der elastischen bzw. plastischen Durchbiegung des Einfeldträger kompensieren. Durch dieses Verfahren lassen sich auch weitgespannte Konstruktionen erzeugen. Another bandwidth of the embodiment of the invention is in the Pre-deformation (e.g., elevation, bending, curvature and / or bias) at least parts of the timber components, intermediate layers and / or Concrete components before or after the composite, thereby the later occurring Actions (and the resulting stresses and deformations) Installation and use at least partially counteract. Thus is to name, for example, an application where a single-field beam of a ceiling system before applying the fresh concrete a central elevation (generated by central Sprouting). The elevation increases after hardening of the concrete at a later time at least part of the elastic or plastic Compensate deflection of the single-carrier. By this method can be also create wide-stretched constructions.
Die Zwischenschichten der erfindungsgemäßen Holz-Beton-Verbundsysteme können einlagig, mehrlagig, lose und/oder im Verbund ausgebildet sein. Die Zwischenschichten werden dabei aufgelegt, gerollt, geschüttet, gestrichen, gespritzt und /oder geschäumt in fester, flüssiger und/oder gasförmiger Form aufgebracht und/oder nachträglich eingebracht. Eine einlagige Ausführung beinhaltet u.a. Folie, imprägniertem Papier, Bitumenpappe, Metallplatten, Kunststoffplatten, Kunststoffdämmung, mineralischer Dämmung, nachwachsendem Dämmmaterialen, Verbundbaumaterialien oder Hybridmaterialien (beispielsweise als Einzelelemente, Plattenelemente, Schüttgut bzw. Rollenware) oder aufgegossenen bzw. aufgestrichenen Materialien, die zu einem späteren Zeitpunkt abbinden bzw. aushärten (beispielsweise Teer, Öl, Kleber, Kunststoffmixturen). Mehrlagige Ausführungen beinhalten beliebige Kombinationen der vorgenannten einlagigen Ausführungen lose und/oder als Verbund.The intermediate layers of the wood-concrete composite systems according to the invention can single-layered, multi-layered, loose and / or formed in a composite. The Intermediate layers are laid on top, rolled, poured, painted, sprayed and / or foamed in solid, liquid and / or gaseous form and / or subsequently introduced. A single-layer design includes i.a. Foil, impregnated paper, bitumen board, metal plates, plastic plates, Plastic insulation, mineral insulation, renewable insulating materials, Composite construction materials or hybrid materials (for example as individual elements, Plate elements, bulk material or rolls) or cast or painted materials that set at a later time or harden (for example, tar, oil, glue, plastic mixtures). multilayer Designs include any combinations of the aforementioned single-layered Versions loose and / or as composite.
Die Betonbauteile bestehen u.a. aus Normalbeton, hochfestem Beton, Spannbeton, Verbundbeton, Estrichbeton, Leichtbeton, Porenbeton und/oder Asphaltbeton und können darüber hinaus nicht mineralische Zuschläge , wie z.B. Kunststoffe, Styropor, Holz aufweisen. Die Herstellung der Betonbauteile ist im Werk oder auf der Baustelle möglich. Des weiteren lassen sich die Betonbauteile zum Teil im Werk und zum Teil vor Ort hergestellt. Es ist auch denkbar, dass Abschnitte der Betonbauteile als vorgefertige Elemente in Verbindung mit örtlich anbetonierten Elementen eingesetzt werden.The concrete components are u.a. made of normal concrete, high-strength concrete, prestressed concrete, Composite concrete, screed concrete, lightweight concrete, aerated concrete and / or asphalt concrete and In addition, mineral supplements, e.g. Plastics, Styrofoam, Wood exhibit. The production of the concrete components is in the factory or on the construction site possible. Furthermore, the concrete components can be partly in the factory and partly made on site. It is also conceivable that sections of the concrete components as prefabricated elements used in conjunction with locally concreted elements become.
Eine bevorzugte Bandbreite der Ausgestaltung besteht in der Verstärkungen (z.B. Bewehrung aus Stahl und/oder Kunststoff, Vorspannstähle) der Betonbauteile. Erfahrungsgemäß lassen sich erst dadurch hohe Zugkräfte, Momente und/der Querkräfte in den Betonbauteilen einleiten. Eine weitere Ausgestaltung liegt in der Erzeugung von Hohlräume (z.B. durch Rohre, Kugeln, Quater, Kanäle und/oder Schläuche) die zur Gewichtsreduzierung, zur nachträglichen Einführung von Leitungen und/oder zur nachträglichen Vorspannung bzw. Vorspannung mit nachträglichem Verbund verwendet werden können. A preferred bandwidth of the embodiment is the gains (e.g. Reinforcement of steel and / or plastic, prestressing steels) of the concrete components. Experience shows that only high tensile forces, moments and / or Initiate shear forces in the concrete components. Another embodiment is in the Generation of cavities (e.g., through pipes, balls, quaters, channels, and / or Hoses) for weight reduction, for the subsequent introduction of Lines and / or for subsequent bias or bias with can be used subsequent composite.
Eine weitere Ausgestaltung liegt in der Einführung von Leitungen (z.B. Kabel, Rohre, Kanäle und/oder Schläuche) in den Betonbauteilen, die somit als Strom-, Heiz-, Technik- und/oder Versorgungsleitungen verwendet werden können. Überraschenderweise hat sich gezeigt, dass dadurch auch eine nachträgliche Erwärmung der Holz-Beton-Verbundsysteme erzeugt werden kann, um dadurch die Glasübergangstemperatur des verwendeten Klebstoffes (zur Verankerung der Verbindungselemente in den Holzbauteilen) zu erhöhen.Another embodiment lies in the introduction of conduits (e.g., cables, pipes, Ducts and / or hoses) in the concrete components, which are thus used as electricity, heating, Engineering and / or supply lines can be used. Surprisingly, it has been shown that thereby also a subsequent Heating the wood-concrete composite systems can be generated, thereby reducing the Glass transition temperature of the adhesive used (for anchoring the Connecting elements in the wooden components).
Eine weitere Ausgestaltung der Erfindung besteht darin, mehrere Lagen von Holzbauteilen, Zwischenschichten und/oder Betonbauteilen übereinander und/oder nebeneinander auszubilden.A further embodiment of the invention consists of several layers of Wooden components, intermediate layers and / or concrete components one above the other and / or form next to each other.
Die erfindungsgemäßen Holz-Beton-Verbundsysteme können z.B. als Stützen-, Träger-, Balken-, Platten-, Wand-, Decken-, Dach-, und/oder Brückensysteme ausgebildet werden und sind je nach Bemessung z.B. zur Aufnahme von Zug-, Druck-, Biegezug-, Biegedruck-, Torsions-, und/oder Schubbeanspruchungen geeignet. The wood-concrete composite systems according to the invention can e.g. as a prop, Girder, beam, slab, wall, ceiling, roof, and / or bridge systems are formed and are depending on the design of e.g. to accommodate train, Compression, flexural, bending, torsional, and / or shear stresses suitable.
Die Fig. 1 beschreibt in perspektivischer Darstellung ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines
Abschnittes des erfindungsgemäßen Holz-Beton-Verbundsystems 100, welches z.B.
als Decken-, Wand- und/oder Dachtragwerk ausgeführt werden kann. Das Holz-Beton-Verbundsystem
100 besteht zunächst aus Holzbauteilen 110, in Form von
Balken 111 und einer Holzwerkstoffplatte 112. Die Balken 111 sind hier
kraftschlüssig mit der Holzwerkstoffplatte 112 durch Klebung verbunden. Die
Holzwerkstoffplatte 112 ist hier beispielhaft an zwei Stellen durch innenliegende
Bewehrungen 120 in Form von Kunstfasergewebe verstärkt.Fig. 1 describes a perspective view of an embodiment of a portion of the wood-
Die Verbindungselemente 130 sind als gestanzte und verzerrte Flachkörper (auch
als Streckmetall bekannt) 131 aus Metall ausgebildet, die auf halber Höhe einen
Knick 132 aufweisen. Der Knick 132 wird in Längsrichtung versetzt ausgebildet und
formt somit eine Gabelung 133 in Form eines Y (Gabelung 133 erscheint bei Ansicht
in Längsrichtung). Überaschenderweise hat sich herausgestellt, dass durch den
Knick 132 die Höhenpositionierung der Verbindungselemente gegeben ist und eine
lineare Sollbruchstelle im Betonbauteil durch die Gabelung 133 vermieden wird. Des
Weiteren hat sich überraschend herausgestellt, dass in die Gabelung 133 ein
Bewehrungsstahl (hier nicht dargestellt) selbstpositionierenden eingelegt werden
kann, der die Gesamtkapazität des Holz-Beton-Verbundsystems erhöht.The connecting elements 130 are formed as stamped and distorted flat body (also known as expanded metal) 131 made of metal, which have a
Die Zwischenschichten 140 bestehen hier beispielhaft aus einer formstabilen
Mineralwolle 141 die zwischen den Balken 111 angeordnet sind und einer
diffusionsoffenen Folie 142, die die höhengleichen Balken 111 und Mineralwolle 141
abdeckt und gleichzeitig formschlüssig an die Verbindungselemente 130 z.B. durch
Klebebänder angeschlossen ist, ohne dabei eine kraftschlüssige Verbindung zu den
Verbindungselementen 130 zu liefern. Die Zwischenschichten 140 als Mineralwolle
141 weisen Hohlräume 144 und 145 in Quer- und Längsrichtung auf, die als
Versorgungskanäle der Haustechnik dienen. Überraschenerweise hat sich gezeigt,
dass die Hohlräume 145 auch in Querrichtung durch den Holzbalken 111 hindurch
ausführbar sind, da die Verbundwirkung die Querschnittsschächung überbrückt. The
Ein Weiterer Bestandteil der Zwischenschichten ist beispielhaft durch Styroporquater
143 dargestellt, die auf der Folie 142 zwischen den Balken 111 in die Betonbauteile
150 einragend angeordnet sind.A further component of the intermediate layers is exemplified by
Die Betonbauteile 150 sind hier beispielhaft durch eine konstante Platte 151 mit
rippenartigen Ausweitungen 152 im Bereich der Verbindungselemente 130
ausgebildet. Die Betonbauteile 150 weisen Verstärkungen 153 in Form von
Betonstahlmatten 154 auf, die auf den Verbindungselementen 130 ruhen.
Die Betonbauteile 150 weisen des Weiteren Hohlräume 155 und Leitungen 156 auf,
die respektiv zum einen zur Wärmezufuhr und zum anderen zur nachträglichen
Verstärkung der Betonbauteile 150 dienen. Die Hohlräume 155 dienen zur
Einführung entsprechender Spannstähle, um eine kraftschlüssige nachträgliche
Verstärkung der Betonbauteile 150 zu ermöglichen. Die Leitungen 156 dienen zur
indirekten Erwärmung der Verbindungselementverklebung, um dadurch die
materialbedingte Glasübergangstemperatur des Klebers zu erhöhen und dadurch die
Tragfähigkeit der Verbindungselementverklebung unter Temperatureinfluss zu
steigern.The
The
Die Betonbauteile weisen des Weiteren Verstärkungen 157 in Form von
Bewehrungsstählen auf, die beispielhaft zwischen den Verbindungselementen 130
angeordnet sind. Die Bewehrungsstähle 157 dienen in diesem beispielhaften
Anwendungsfall zu zusätzlichen Aufnahme von Querzugspannungen, die im Bereich
der Verbindungselemente 130 auftreten können. Des Weiteren ergibt sich hieraus
überraschenderweise eine zusätzliche Verzahnung zwischen den
Verbindungselementen 130 und den Betonbauteilen 150. Eine weitere
Ausführungsvariante (hier nicht dargestellt) besteht in der Durchführung der
Betonstähle 157 durch die Öffnungen (z.B. Streckmetallöffnungen) der
Verbindungselemente 130.The concrete components further include
Das Holz-Beton-Verbundsysteme 100 wurde hier beispielhaft vor Ort auf der
Baustelle als Deckensystem hergestellt, in dem die einzelnen Holzbauteile 110 und
Zwischenschichten 140 vor dem Betonieren durch eine Überhöhung (nicht
dargestellt, z.B. durch Abstützung in der Mitte der einzelnen Stützweiten des
Mehrfeldsystems überhöht) vorverformt wurden, um dadurch einer späteren
Beanspruchung der Holzbauteile während der Montage und/oder der Nutzung des
Systems entgegen zu wirken.The wood-concrete
Die Fig. 2 beschreibt in perspektivischer Darstellung ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines
Abschnittes des erfindungsgemäßen Holz-Beton-Verbundsystems 200, welches z.B.
als Brücken- oder Deckentragwerk ausgeführt werden kann. Das Holz-Beton-Verbundsystem
200 besteht zunächst aus einem Holzbauteil 210, in Form einer
Brettschichtholzplatte 211 an der beispielhaft außenliegende Verstärkungen 212 in
Form von Kohlefaserverstärkungen aufgeklebt sind. Die Brettschichtholzplatte 211
zeigt des Weiteren beispielhaft Hohlräume 213 und Leitungen 214 auf, die respektiv
zum einen zur Stromversorgung und zum anderen zur Wärmezufuhr dienen. Die
Hohlräume 213 dienen zur Einführung entsprechender Elektroleitungen die damit
unsichtbar durch das Holz-Beton-Verbundsysteme geführt werden können.
Die Leitungen 214 dienen zur indirekten Erwärmung der
Verbindungselementverklebung, um dadurch die materialbedingte
Glasübergangstemperatur des Klebers zu erhöhen und dadurch die Tragfähigkeit der
Verbindungselementverklebung unter Temperatureinfluss zu steigern.Fig. 2 describes a perspective view of an embodiment of a portion of the wood-
The
Die Verbindungselemente 220 sind hier beispielhaft als gewellte formstabile
Kunststoffgitter 221 und als gebogene Metallgitter 223 ausgebildet. Die Metallgitter
223 werden beispielhaft in einem Teilbereich des Holz-Beton-Verbundsystems
eingesetzt, indem hohe lokale Beanspruchungen herrschen. Die Kunststoffgitter 221
sind mit etwa einem Drittel ihrer Höhe, mit einem Ende in dem Holzbauteil 210 durch
Klebung verankert sind. Die Kunststoffgitter 221 sind so hergestellt worden, dass die
Gitteröffnungen 222 im Holzwerkstoff 210 und in den Zwischenschichten 230
kleinere Abmessungen (engmaschiger) aufweisen als im Betonbauteil 240, um
dadurch zum einen Kleber bei der Verankerung im Holzbauteil (geringeres
Klebevolumen) zu sparen und zum anderen die Eigenstabilität der Kunststoffgitter
221 im Bereich der Zwischenschichten 230 (keine kraftschlüssige seitliche Lagerung)
zu erhöhen. Die gewellte Form liefert überraschenderweise zum einen eine
zusätzliche Eigenstabilität und zum anderen eine weitere mechanische Verzahnung
zwischen den zu verbindenden Holzbauteilen und Betonbauteilen. Die
Kunststoffgitter 221 weisen im Einbindebereich der Holzbauteile 210 Verzahnungen
(hier nicht dargestellt) auf, die eine mechanische Fixierung der Verbindungselemente
bis zum Abbinden des Klebers gewährleisten.The connecting
Die Metallgitter 223 sind hier beispielsweise mit zwei Enden in entsprechenden
Öffnungen (hier Schlitze bzw. Kanäle) der Holzbauteile eingeklebt und liefern
dadurch in sich eine geometrisch steife Form und gleichzeitig eine sehr steife
Verbindung zwischen den Holzbauteilen 210 und den Betonbauteilen 240. Die
Metallgitter 223 weisen in der Schnittfuge zwischen Verbindungselement und Holz
beispielhaft einen Wulst (hier nicht dargestellt) auf, der den Kleber vor dem Austritt
hindert.The
Die Zwischenschichten 230 bestehen hier beispielhaft aus einem mehrlagigen
Bitumenanstrich mit eingebetteter Kunststofffolie 231 und einer PU-Hartschaumlage
232, die beispielhaft aus einzeln zugeschnittenen und im Verband verlegten Platten
erstellt wurde.The
Die Betonbauteile 240 sind hier beispielhaft durch eine konstante Platte 241
ausgebildet. Die Betonbauteile 240 weisen Verstärkungen 242 in Form von
Betonstahlmatten 243 auf, die beispielhaft nur auf den Verbindungselementen 220
ruhen. Die Betonplatte 241 weist des Weiteren eine lokale Verstärkung 244 in Form
eines Bewehrungsstahls 245 auf, der vor dem Betonieren und dem Aufbringen der
Betonstahlmatte 243 mit dem Verbindungselement 220 zur Lagesicherung seitlich
verbunden (beispielhaft durch Draht gerödelt, nicht dargestellt) wurde.The
Die Betonbauteile 240 weisen des Weiteren Hohlräume 246 und Leitungen 247 auf,
die respektiv zum einen zur nachträglichen Verstärkung und zum anderen zur
klimatischen Versorgung der Betonbauteile 240 dienen. Die Hohlräume 246 dienen
zur Einführung entsprechender Spannstähle, um eine kraftschlüssige nachträgliche
Verstärkung der Betonbauteile 240 zu ermöglichen. Die Lage der Hohlräume 246 ist
dabei von den Ausführungsanforderungen abhängig und kann beispielhaft über,
zwischen und/oder durch die Verbindungselemente 220 und/oder 223 ausgeführt
werden.The
Die Leitungen 247 dienen beispielhaft - über eine Kopplung mit einer
entsprechenden Klimazentrale - zur klimatischen Versorgung des Holz-Beton-Verbundsystems
und seiner Umgebung. Dadurch werden beispielhaft
energiesparende Lösungen für Hochbauten und Industriebauten ermöglicht.The
Das Holz-Beton-Verbundsystem 200 wurde hier beispielhaft im Werk als Fertigteil
vorgefertigt und als Einzelbauteile Segmentiert auf die Baustelle geliefert und
montiert. Eine derartige Vorfertigung erlaubt eine rasche Herstellung des Bauwerks
ohne dabei zusätzliche Feuchtigkeit (z.B. Anmachwasser des Stahlbetons) in das
Holz-Beton-Verbundsystem bzw. Bauwerken einzuleiten.The wood-
Die einzelnen Holz-Beton-Verbundsysteme können auf der Baustelle sofort bei der Montage oder einige Zeit später untereinander und/oder mit weiteren Bauabschnitten kraft- und/oder formschlüssig verbunden werden. Auf diese Weise lassen sich auch Scheibenwirkungen mit segmentierten Holz-Beton-Verbundsystemen erzeugen.The individual wood-concrete composite systems can be used immediately at the construction site Assembly or some time later with each other and / or with other construction stages be positively and / or positively connected. That way too Create disc effects with segmented wood-concrete composite systems.
Claims (26)
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE20316376U | 2003-10-23 | ||
DE20316376U DE20316376U1 (en) | 2003-10-23 | 2003-10-23 | Wood and concrete composite system has intermediate layer formed at least partially and/or at least in one layer between wood components and concrete components to create at least partially a decoupling of wood and concrete components |
DE10351989A DE10351989A1 (en) | 2003-10-23 | 2003-11-07 | Wood-concrete composite systems made of wooden components, intermediate layers and concrete components |
DE10351989 | 2003-11-07 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1528171A2 true EP1528171A2 (en) | 2005-05-04 |
EP1528171A3 EP1528171A3 (en) | 2005-05-25 |
EP1528171B1 EP1528171B1 (en) | 2016-08-31 |
Family
ID=34424348
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP04024931.0A Active EP1528171B1 (en) | 2003-10-23 | 2004-10-20 | Wood-Concrete composite system comprising wooden construction elements, intermediate layers and concrete construction elements |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US20050086906A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1528171B1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2004222807B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2485804C (en) |
DE (1) | DE10351989A1 (en) |
Cited By (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2007079739A2 (en) * | 2006-01-13 | 2007-07-19 | Bathon, Leander | Construction made of individual components |
EP1808538A3 (en) * | 2006-01-13 | 2007-08-08 | Bathon, Leander | Construction made with individual parts |
DE102007052455A1 (en) * | 2007-11-02 | 2009-05-20 | Selle, Ricky, Dipl.-Wirtsch. Ing. | Thrust force connection system for wood-concrete composites, uses flexible connection seam between web and upper flange |
EP2072705A1 (en) * | 2007-12-21 | 2009-06-24 | Renggli AG | Wood-concrete composite element |
EP2128353A1 (en) | 2008-05-28 | 2009-12-02 | Schwörer Haus KG | Prefabricated construction element with wood trusses and integrated heating tubes |
WO2009150589A1 (en) * | 2008-06-09 | 2009-12-17 | Cogefrin S.P.A. | A prefabricated panel for building constructions and the method for installing it. |
CN101942885A (en) * | 2010-09-16 | 2011-01-12 | 南京林业大学 | A kind of FRP-bamboo-concrete combination beam |
BE1018644A3 (en) * | 2007-11-13 | 2011-06-07 | Echo | FLOOR ELEMENT. |
WO2011146024A1 (en) * | 2010-05-20 | 2011-11-24 | Daniel Kalus | Self-supporting heat insulating panel for the systems with active regulation of heat transition |
CN101168977B (en) * | 2007-07-26 | 2011-12-14 | 吴淑环 | Plastering composite wall |
EP2543789A1 (en) | 2011-07-07 | 2013-01-09 | Ali Haydadi | Module for constructing a building, module assembly and method for manufacturing the module |
CZ304080B6 (en) * | 2012-01-24 | 2013-10-02 | Ceské vysoké ucení technické v Praze, Fakulta stavební, Katedra ocelových a drevených konstrukcí | Coupling of wood-based beams connected by means of steel plates with bilaterally pressed pins with a foundation plate |
ITPD20130297A1 (en) * | 2013-10-31 | 2015-05-01 | Paolo Piazzon | PREFABRICATED WALL FOR BUILDING CONSISTS OF PLASTER, CONCRETE, POLYSTYRENE AND CONCRETE THAT CAN CONTAIN THE PLANTS, BE A TERMINAL OF THE HEATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING PLANT AND HAVE EXTERNAL VENTILATION. |
JP2016524058A (en) * | 2013-05-06 | 2016-08-12 | ユニバーシティー・オブ・カンタベリーUniversity Of Canterbury | Prestressed beam or panel |
CN106121114A (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2016-11-16 | 蒋朝晖 | A kind of intelligence floor and construction method thereof |
CN106351375A (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2017-01-25 | 王本淼 | Stress island assembled type hollow floor |
CN106368361A (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2017-02-01 | 王海崴 | Assembly type hidden beam floor system |
CN106381952A (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2017-02-08 | 王海崴 | Assembling type overlapped cavity floor cover |
AT16538U1 (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2019-12-15 | Holzforschung Austria Oesterreichische Ges Fuer Holzforschung | Wood-concrete composite member |
Families Citing this family (37)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10351989A1 (en) * | 2003-10-23 | 2005-06-09 | Bathon, Leander | Wood-concrete composite systems made of wooden components, intermediate layers and concrete components |
AU2006216460A1 (en) | 2005-02-25 | 2006-08-31 | Nova Chemicals Inc. | Lightweight compositions and articles containing such |
AU2006216558B2 (en) * | 2005-02-25 | 2010-05-13 | Nova Chemicals, Inc. | Composite pre-formed building panels, a building and a framing stud |
WO2006102634A2 (en) | 2005-03-22 | 2006-09-28 | Nova Chemicals, Inc. | Lightweight concrete compositions |
CH698330B1 (en) * | 2005-10-14 | 2009-07-15 | Wey Modulbau Ag | Wood-concrete composite member and method for its production. |
US20080235858A1 (en) * | 2006-08-14 | 2008-10-02 | Schanz Richard W | Elevated toilet seat |
US7677009B2 (en) * | 2007-02-02 | 2010-03-16 | Nova Chemicals Inc. | Roof truss system |
US8048219B2 (en) * | 2007-09-20 | 2011-11-01 | Nova Chemicals Inc. | Method of placing concrete |
US20090078161A1 (en) * | 2007-09-20 | 2009-03-26 | Nova Chemicals Inc. | Methods of minimizing concrete cracking and shrinkage |
DE202007018856U1 (en) | 2007-11-20 | 2009-07-23 | Lignotrend Ag | Ceiling for a building |
US8240103B2 (en) * | 2009-03-12 | 2012-08-14 | Frank Warner Riepe | Wall construction method using injected urethane foam between the wall frame and autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) blocks |
WO2010105627A2 (en) * | 2009-03-17 | 2010-09-23 | Arkitema K/S | Composite sandwich panel |
CN203891285U (en) * | 2011-01-24 | 2014-10-22 | 金陵科技学院 | Cast-in-place reinforced concrete hollow floor or hollow floorslab with both thermal insulation and sound insulation functions |
US8632644B2 (en) * | 2011-03-17 | 2014-01-21 | Tj Technology Holdings, Llc | Bamboo composite timbers |
AT511220B1 (en) * | 2011-04-08 | 2013-01-15 | Cree Gmbh | CEILING ELEMENT FOR THE EDUCATION OF BUILDING COVERS |
US8474205B1 (en) | 2011-11-08 | 2013-07-02 | William R. Watkins | Concrete foundation footing with timber support members |
CN102943434B (en) * | 2012-10-24 | 2014-11-19 | 南京林业大学 | Semi-assembly bamboo-concrete composite bridge |
EP2787140B1 (en) | 2013-04-04 | 2015-10-14 | MERK Timber GmbH | Flat ceiling in composite wood concrete construction and method for producing such a ceiling |
US9745739B2 (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2017-08-29 | Breton Systems Llc | Wall construction method using injected urethane foam between the wall and autoclaved concrete (AAC) blocks |
CA2947119C (en) * | 2014-04-28 | 2023-09-12 | Jan Franck | Method for producing a ceiling in a building |
CN104088386A (en) * | 2014-07-25 | 2014-10-08 | 陈风平 | Cast-in-situ concrete filling component |
ES2943383T3 (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2023-06-12 | Univ Laval | Constructed system, connector thereof and method for manufacturing the same |
KR101607546B1 (en) * | 2014-12-04 | 2016-03-31 | 주식회사 포스코 | Construction materials |
ES2612578A1 (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2017-05-17 | Universidad Politécnica de Madrid | Anchoring and reinforcement system for wood and concrete collaborating structures (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
DE102016012948A1 (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2018-05-17 | Meier Betonwerke Gmbh | Prefabricated, multifunctional ceiling |
CN106677417A (en) * | 2017-01-13 | 2017-05-17 | 成都启立辰智科技有限公司 | Composite brick for building wall |
CN106988473A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-07-28 | 江苏君成建材科技有限公司 | Novel steam air entrained concrete building materials |
US20180347191A1 (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2018-12-06 | 9360-4742 Quebec Inc. | Prefabricated concrete slab floor and method of fabricating the same |
CN107366305B (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2019-03-19 | 江西省新绿地园林实业有限公司 | Sponge Urban Underground pipe gallery anti-seismic structure device |
JP6985867B2 (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2021-12-22 | 大成建設株式会社 | Joined structure and gantry frame |
CN108005286A (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2018-05-08 | 安徽同济建设集团有限责任公司 | A kind of construction method of the unidirectional overlapping floorboard of assembled architecture |
FR3084092B1 (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2022-05-20 | Constructions Composites Bois | PLATE AND SLAB INTENDED TO PRODUCE A FLOOR OR A WALL AND METHODS FOR MANUFACTURING SUCH PLATES AND SLABS |
AU2019338428A1 (en) * | 2018-09-10 | 2021-04-15 | Hcsl Pty Ltd | Building panel |
WO2020107129A1 (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2020-06-04 | Infina Technologies Inc. | Semi-prefabricated timber-concrete composite slab |
DE102019200046B3 (en) | 2019-01-04 | 2020-06-10 | Veit Dennert Kg Baustoffbetriebe | Prestressed concrete-wood composite panel, in particular for use as a building ceiling or wall panel, and process for their production |
CN109707102A (en) * | 2019-01-07 | 2019-05-03 | 湖南大学 | Lightweight assembled bamboo and wood-concrete combination beam |
FI129949B (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2022-11-30 | Finnfoam Oy | Thermal insulation plate and its use |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH687213A5 (en) * | 1993-04-21 | 1996-10-15 | Silvatech Ag | Plate-type building component |
DE29616375U1 (en) * | 1996-09-20 | 1998-01-22 | Holzbau Becker & Sohn GmbH, 59964 Medebach | Board stack element |
DE19805088A1 (en) * | 1998-02-09 | 1999-08-19 | Hescheler | Wall and ceiling element for buildings which has good insulation and is easy to produce |
EP0952271A2 (en) * | 1998-04-24 | 1999-10-27 | Werner Bauer | Wood-concrete composite element |
DE20119279U1 (en) * | 2001-11-28 | 2002-04-11 | Bauer, Werner, 98673 Crock | Anchoring point for fastening flat connecting components in hardening building materials |
DE20210714U1 (en) * | 2002-07-10 | 2002-11-21 | Bauer, Werner, 98673 Crock | Wood-concrete composite element with integrated climate element |
AT5773U1 (en) * | 2001-09-06 | 2002-11-25 | Pirnbacher Georg Ing | WOOD CONCRETE COMPOSITE COMPONENT |
Family Cites Families (29)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1183594A (en) * | 1908-07-29 | 1916-05-16 | Roy H Robinson | Method of forming composite floor construction. |
US1084276A (en) * | 1912-11-16 | 1914-01-13 | August Jaminet | Reinforced wood panel. |
US1235636A (en) * | 1914-10-22 | 1917-08-07 | Arthur G Bagnall | Floor construction. |
US2239177A (en) * | 1937-05-12 | 1941-04-22 | Formeta Beton As | Concrete story partition construction |
US2268311A (en) * | 1939-07-07 | 1941-12-30 | Walter F Sheehan | Concrete floor construction |
US2435998A (en) * | 1943-03-31 | 1948-02-17 | Porete Mfg Company | Composite prestressed concrete beam and slab structure |
US3286418A (en) * | 1962-08-14 | 1966-11-22 | Kissam Builders Supply Company | Prestressed composite load-bearing slab |
US3446692A (en) * | 1964-06-01 | 1969-05-27 | Pullman Inc | Insulated panel and method of making same |
US3389521A (en) * | 1966-06-02 | 1968-06-25 | Werner K.H. Gregori | Concrete form structure for floors |
US3442058A (en) * | 1968-05-31 | 1969-05-06 | Eng Collaborative Ltd The | Concrete floor construction with duct-forming voids |
US3605366A (en) * | 1969-11-28 | 1971-09-20 | Gerald Zakim | Composite laminate panel construction |
GB1360822A (en) * | 1970-07-02 | 1974-07-24 | Takenaka Komuten Co | Apparatus for making concrete structures |
SE351883B (en) * | 1971-10-05 | 1972-12-11 | Straengbetong Ab | |
CA1012376A (en) * | 1974-12-30 | 1977-06-21 | Westeel-Rosco Limited | Composite structural assembly |
FR2611778B1 (en) * | 1987-02-26 | 1992-04-24 | Paris Ouest Entreprise | WOOD-CONCRETE COLLABORATION FLOOR |
EP0432484B1 (en) * | 1989-11-16 | 1994-03-09 | SFS Handels Holding AG | Fastening element |
CH687397A5 (en) * | 1992-11-14 | 1996-11-29 | Bettex Fabienne | Wood-concrete composite floor. |
FR2702236B1 (en) * | 1993-03-03 | 1995-08-04 | Gauthier Daniel | WOOD-CONCRETE COMPOSITE CONSTRUCTION ELEMENT. |
DE9319497U1 (en) | 1993-12-18 | 1994-03-03 | Bathon, Leander, Dr., 63768 Hösbach | A connection of wood-based materials and all types of materials with the help of adhesives |
US5497595A (en) * | 1994-08-18 | 1996-03-12 | Kalinin; Daniel | Method of reinforcing wood beams and wood beams made therefrom |
DE19605142C1 (en) * | 1996-02-13 | 1999-10-14 | Schlueter Systems Gmbh | Floor composite body |
US5809722A (en) * | 1997-02-06 | 1998-09-22 | Keith M. Wright | Girder supported reinforced concrete slab building structures with shearing connectors, and methods of constructing the building structures and connectors |
US6119422A (en) * | 1997-11-07 | 2000-09-19 | Fin-Pan, Inc. | Impact resistant building panels |
DE19808208A1 (en) | 1998-02-27 | 1999-09-02 | Fischer Artur Werke Gmbh | Connection element for connecting wood and concrete |
JP2976023B1 (en) * | 1998-05-14 | 1999-11-10 | 博 稲葉 | Composite building material and manufacturing method thereof |
US6105321A (en) * | 1998-10-19 | 2000-08-22 | Karisallen; Kenneth James | Prestressed wood composite laminate |
US6955014B2 (en) * | 2002-11-07 | 2005-10-18 | Fabcon, Inc. | Insulated concrete cast panels with voids in billits |
US20040118063A1 (en) * | 2002-12-19 | 2004-06-24 | Shidler Edward C. | Composite board for insulated concrete walls |
DE10351989A1 (en) | 2003-10-23 | 2005-06-09 | Bathon, Leander | Wood-concrete composite systems made of wooden components, intermediate layers and concrete components |
-
2003
- 2003-11-07 DE DE10351989A patent/DE10351989A1/en not_active Ceased
-
2004
- 2004-10-20 EP EP04024931.0A patent/EP1528171B1/en active Active
- 2004-10-21 US US10/970,574 patent/US20050086906A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-10-22 CA CA2485804A patent/CA2485804C/en active Active
- 2004-10-22 AU AU2004222807A patent/AU2004222807B2/en active Active
-
2007
- 2007-08-17 US US11/840,244 patent/US8245470B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH687213A5 (en) * | 1993-04-21 | 1996-10-15 | Silvatech Ag | Plate-type building component |
DE29616375U1 (en) * | 1996-09-20 | 1998-01-22 | Holzbau Becker & Sohn GmbH, 59964 Medebach | Board stack element |
DE19805088A1 (en) * | 1998-02-09 | 1999-08-19 | Hescheler | Wall and ceiling element for buildings which has good insulation and is easy to produce |
EP0952271A2 (en) * | 1998-04-24 | 1999-10-27 | Werner Bauer | Wood-concrete composite element |
AT5773U1 (en) * | 2001-09-06 | 2002-11-25 | Pirnbacher Georg Ing | WOOD CONCRETE COMPOSITE COMPONENT |
DE20119279U1 (en) * | 2001-11-28 | 2002-04-11 | Bauer, Werner, 98673 Crock | Anchoring point for fastening flat connecting components in hardening building materials |
DE20210714U1 (en) * | 2002-07-10 | 2002-11-21 | Bauer, Werner, 98673 Crock | Wood-concrete composite element with integrated climate element |
Cited By (28)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8590239B2 (en) | 2006-01-13 | 2013-11-26 | Tobias Bathon | Construction made of individual components |
EP1808538A3 (en) * | 2006-01-13 | 2007-08-08 | Bathon, Leander | Construction made with individual parts |
WO2007079739A3 (en) * | 2006-01-13 | 2007-09-07 | Bathon Leander | Construction made of individual components |
WO2007079739A2 (en) * | 2006-01-13 | 2007-07-19 | Bathon, Leander | Construction made of individual components |
CN101168977B (en) * | 2007-07-26 | 2011-12-14 | 吴淑环 | Plastering composite wall |
DE102007052455A1 (en) * | 2007-11-02 | 2009-05-20 | Selle, Ricky, Dipl.-Wirtsch. Ing. | Thrust force connection system for wood-concrete composites, uses flexible connection seam between web and upper flange |
BE1018644A3 (en) * | 2007-11-13 | 2011-06-07 | Echo | FLOOR ELEMENT. |
EP2072705A1 (en) * | 2007-12-21 | 2009-06-24 | Renggli AG | Wood-concrete composite element |
EP2128353A1 (en) | 2008-05-28 | 2009-12-02 | Schwörer Haus KG | Prefabricated construction element with wood trusses and integrated heating tubes |
WO2009150589A1 (en) * | 2008-06-09 | 2009-12-17 | Cogefrin S.P.A. | A prefabricated panel for building constructions and the method for installing it. |
WO2011146024A1 (en) * | 2010-05-20 | 2011-11-24 | Daniel Kalus | Self-supporting heat insulating panel for the systems with active regulation of heat transition |
CN101942885A (en) * | 2010-09-16 | 2011-01-12 | 南京林业大学 | A kind of FRP-bamboo-concrete combination beam |
EP2543789A1 (en) | 2011-07-07 | 2013-01-09 | Ali Haydadi | Module for constructing a building, module assembly and method for manufacturing the module |
FR2977604A1 (en) * | 2011-07-07 | 2013-01-11 | Ali Haydadi | MODULE FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF A BUILDING, MODULE ASSEMBLY AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE MODULE |
CZ304080B6 (en) * | 2012-01-24 | 2013-10-02 | Ceské vysoké ucení technické v Praze, Fakulta stavební, Katedra ocelových a drevených konstrukcí | Coupling of wood-based beams connected by means of steel plates with bilaterally pressed pins with a foundation plate |
US9809979B2 (en) | 2013-05-06 | 2017-11-07 | University Of Canterbury | Pre-stressed beams or panels |
JP2016524058A (en) * | 2013-05-06 | 2016-08-12 | ユニバーシティー・オブ・カンタベリーUniversity Of Canterbury | Prestressed beam or panel |
EP2994580A4 (en) * | 2013-05-06 | 2016-12-28 | Univ Of Canterbury | Pre-stressed beams or panels |
US10125493B2 (en) | 2013-05-06 | 2018-11-13 | University Of Canterbury | Pre-stressed beams or panels |
ITPD20130297A1 (en) * | 2013-10-31 | 2015-05-01 | Paolo Piazzon | PREFABRICATED WALL FOR BUILDING CONSISTS OF PLASTER, CONCRETE, POLYSTYRENE AND CONCRETE THAT CAN CONTAIN THE PLANTS, BE A TERMINAL OF THE HEATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING PLANT AND HAVE EXTERNAL VENTILATION. |
CN106121114A (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2016-11-16 | 蒋朝晖 | A kind of intelligence floor and construction method thereof |
AT16538U1 (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2019-12-15 | Holzforschung Austria Oesterreichische Ges Fuer Holzforschung | Wood-concrete composite member |
CN106368361A (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2017-02-01 | 王海崴 | Assembly type hidden beam floor system |
CN106381952A (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2017-02-08 | 王海崴 | Assembling type overlapped cavity floor cover |
CN106381952B (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2019-03-26 | 王海崴 | A kind of assembled overlapping cavity building roof |
CN106368361B (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2019-04-05 | 王海崴 | A kind of assembled concealed-beam floor |
CN106351375A (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2017-01-25 | 王本淼 | Stress island assembled type hollow floor |
CN106351375B (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2020-08-18 | 王本淼 | Stress island assembled cavity floor |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20050086906A1 (en) | 2005-04-28 |
AU2004222807A1 (en) | 2005-05-12 |
CA2485804A1 (en) | 2005-04-23 |
US8245470B2 (en) | 2012-08-21 |
AU2004222807B2 (en) | 2010-05-06 |
CA2485804C (en) | 2012-06-19 |
DE10351989A1 (en) | 2005-06-09 |
US20080016803A1 (en) | 2008-01-24 |
EP1528171A3 (en) | 2005-05-25 |
EP1528171B1 (en) | 2016-08-31 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP1528171B1 (en) | Wood-Concrete composite system comprising wooden construction elements, intermediate layers and concrete construction elements | |
EP1808538B1 (en) | Construction made with individual parts | |
EP2128353A1 (en) | Prefabricated construction element with wood trusses and integrated heating tubes | |
DE19818525B4 (en) | Wood-concrete composite member | |
DE20316376U1 (en) | Wood and concrete composite system has intermediate layer formed at least partially and/or at least in one layer between wood components and concrete components to create at least partially a decoupling of wood and concrete components | |
DE10254043B4 (en) | Composite construction of high load capacity | |
EP2787140A1 (en) | Flat ceiling in composite wood concrete construction and method for producing such a ceiling | |
AT523599B1 (en) | Process for producing a composite element and composite element | |
DE202006015693U1 (en) | Wood-concrete connecting unit for use in building construction, has slab and support units connected with each other by connection unit that is embedded in slab unit, where slab unit is made of concrete and support unit is made of wood | |
EP1669505B1 (en) | Steel-concrete composite joist with fire-resistant support for ceiling elements | |
DE19828607A1 (en) | Structure increasing loading capacity of concrete floors | |
AT505266B1 (en) | BEARING ELEMENT, BEEGTRÄGERANORDNUNG AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION | |
WO1999032738A1 (en) | Reinforcement for surfaces of structural elements or buildings | |
EP2024580A1 (en) | Planar concrete supporting structure and method of producing it | |
AT518496B1 (en) | Process for producing a composite element and composite element | |
DE60011415T2 (en) | CONSTRUCTION ELEMENT FOR BUILDINGS AND STEERING PLATE FOR SUCH ELEMENT | |
EP1972734A1 (en) | Retaining body for an insulating board | |
EP3789553B1 (en) | Prefabricated construction element and prefabricated system | |
WO1988003587A1 (en) | Ceiling and/or wall element, in particular for prefabricated houses | |
WO2007079739A2 (en) | Construction made of individual components | |
DE19706666C2 (en) | Subfloor or screed for floors in buildings | |
EP0811731A1 (en) | Ceiling construction and element | |
DE69610762T2 (en) | COMPOSITE PANEL DESIGN | |
AT503693B1 (en) | Planar concrete supporting structure for operating as a reinforced-concrete supporting structure like a reinforced- concrete floor has a concrete slab and intersecting ribs | |
EP1826328B1 (en) | Fastening assembly |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
PUAL | Search report despatched |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LI LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: AL HR LT LV MK |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A3 Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LI LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: AL HR LT LV MK |
|
AKX | Designation fees paid | ||
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20060206 |
|
RBV | Designated contracting states (corrected) |
Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LI LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR |
|
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
INTG | Intention to grant announced |
Effective date: 20151209 |
|
GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LI LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: NOT ENGLISH |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: GERMAN |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R082 Ref document number: 502004015296 Country of ref document: DE Representative=s name: NITZ, ASTRID, DR., DE |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R096 Ref document number: 502004015296 Country of ref document: DE |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: REF Ref document number: 825115 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20161015 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: PLFP Year of fee payment: 13 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: NL Ref legal event code: MP Effective date: 20160831 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160831 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160831 Ref country code: GR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20161201 Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20161031 Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160831 Ref country code: SE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160831 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: RO Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160831 Ref country code: EE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160831 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160831 Ref country code: DK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160831 Ref country code: BG Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20161130 Ref country code: CZ Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160831 Ref country code: PL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160831 Ref country code: PT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20170102 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R097 Ref document number: 502004015296 Country of ref document: DE |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160831 |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: MM4A |
|
26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20170601 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20161020 Ref country code: SI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160831 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: PLFP Year of fee payment: 14 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20161020 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: BE Ref legal event code: MM Effective date: 20161031 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CY Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160831 Ref country code: HU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO Effective date: 20041020 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: MC Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160831 Ref country code: TR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160831 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: PLFP Year of fee payment: 15 |
|
P01 | Opt-out of the competence of the unified patent court (upc) registered |
Effective date: 20230508 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20231020 Year of fee payment: 20 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20231023 Year of fee payment: 20 Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20230929 Year of fee payment: 20 Ref country code: CH Payment date: 20231102 Year of fee payment: 20 Ref country code: AT Payment date: 20231020 Year of fee payment: 20 |