EP1500798B1 - Silencer and exhaust system - Google Patents

Silencer and exhaust system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1500798B1
EP1500798B1 EP04015174.8A EP04015174A EP1500798B1 EP 1500798 B1 EP1500798 B1 EP 1500798B1 EP 04015174 A EP04015174 A EP 04015174A EP 1500798 B1 EP1500798 B1 EP 1500798B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
exhaust pipe
resonant element
silencer
resonator
sound absorber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
EP04015174.8A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1500798A1 (en
Inventor
Rolf Dr. Jebasinki
Thomas Tauschek
Marco Jess
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eberspaecher Exhaust Technology GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Eberspaecher Exhaust Technology GmbH and Co KG
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP1500798A1 publication Critical patent/EP1500798A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1500798B1 publication Critical patent/EP1500798B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/18—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly
    • F01N13/1838—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly characterised by the type of connection between parts of exhaust or silencing apparatus, e.g. between housing and tubes, between tubes and baffles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
    • F01N1/003—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using dead chambers communicating with gas flow passages
    • F01N1/006—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using dead chambers communicating with gas flow passages comprising at least one perforated tube extending from inlet to outlet of the silencer
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
    • F01N1/02—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using resonance
    • F01N1/04—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using resonance having sound-absorbing materials in resonance chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
    • F01N1/24—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using sound-absorbing materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2310/00—Selection of sound absorbing or insulating material
    • F01N2310/02—Mineral wool, e.g. glass wool, rock wool, asbestos or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2310/00—Selection of sound absorbing or insulating material
    • F01N2310/04—Metallic wool, e.g. steel wool, copper wool or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2470/00—Structure or shape of gas passages, pipes or tubes
    • F01N2470/02—Tubes being perforated
    • F01N2470/04—Tubes being perforated characterised by shape, disposition or dimensions of apertures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2470/00—Structure or shape of gas passages, pipes or tubes
    • F01N2470/10—Tubes having non-circular cross section

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a silencer according to the preamble of claim 1 for an exhaust system of a motor vehicle. Furthermore, the invention relates to an exhaust system for a motor vehicle, with a silencer according to the invention.
  • the pressure pulses produced in the exhaust gas by the combustion process in the internal combustion engine lead in the exhaust gas flow flowing through the exhaust system to the formation of sound waves in different frequency ranges.
  • silencers in particular the audible for human hearing frequencies are to be damped.
  • the sound waves are transmitted from the exhaust system to the body or the chassis of the vehicle and this stimulates to vibrate.
  • GB 403651 A discloses a muffler having a central perforated tube partially surrounded by a resonator body.
  • a muffler for an exhaust system of a motor vehicle is known in the sound waves of different frequency ranges be damped by the combination of a resonator with a sound absorber, which are arranged in a common muffler housing.
  • the resonator in this case is a branched off from the exhaust pipe resonator tube, which communicates with the exhaust pipe in flow communication.
  • the sound absorber which is intended to dampen the high-frequency sound waves, is arranged at a distance from the resonator tube in the silencer housing and likewise communicates with the exhaust pipe in fluid communication.
  • a disadvantage of this known muffler is in particular that the muffler due to the combination of the resonator tube with the sound absorber has a large volume compared with conventional mufflers.
  • the invention solves the problem by a muffler with the features of claim 1. Furthermore, the invention solves the problem by an exhaust system according to claim 11, which is equipped with a muffler according to the invention.
  • both the exhaust pipe itself and the sound absorber are used as functional elements of the resonator simultaneously, thus forming part of the resonator.
  • a tubular resonator body is used, which is in flow communication with the exhaust pipe, the exhaust pipe circumferentially surrounds at the same time, but spaced from the exhaust pipe while the sound absorber is at least partially inserted into the open end of the resonator.
  • the gas volume in the resonator with which the low-frequency components of the sound waves are to be damped is thus limited by the inner surface of the resonance body, the outer surface of the section enclosed by the resonator body of the exhaust pipe and the outer surface of the inserted into the sound box sound absorber.
  • the resonant body is in a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention silencer at its open end expanded so that viewed in a plane transverse to the longitudinal direction of the resonator in the plane of the Inner surface of the resonator and the outer surface of the sound absorber limited flow cross-section corresponds at least approximately to the flow cross section, which is bounded by the inner surface of the resonator and the outer surface of the exhaust pipe in a parallel second plane.
  • the resonance body may be fixed with its end opposite the open end to the outer surface of the exhaust pipe.
  • the distance of the inner surface of the resonator to the outer surface of the exhaust pipe in the circumferential direction of the exhaust pipe viewed at least approximately constant in order to avoid unwanted turbulence in the resonator, which could possibly lead to the formation of audible flow noise.
  • the distance of the inner surface of the resonator to the outer surface of the exhaust pipe is preferably at least partially constant viewed in the longitudinal direction of the resonator.
  • the exhaust pipe and the resonance body preferably has an at least approximately circular cross-section, wherein the tubular resonance body is arranged concentrically to the exhaust pipe.
  • the exhaust pipe in cross section, for example, oval.
  • the cross section of the resonance body should be adapted to the cross section of the exhaust pipe and arranged symmetrically to the exhaust pipe.
  • the sound absorber is designed in a particularly preferred embodiment of the muffler according to the invention so that the sound absorber completely surrounds the exhaust pipe in the circumferential direction, wherein the sound absorber is attached to the exhaust pipe at the same time.
  • a sound absorber having a slid onto the exhaust pipe absorber housing, which is at least approximately gas-tight with the exhaust pipe in flow connection interior relative to the muffler housing, and with a damping material, such as mineral wool, steel wool and the like , is filled for sound absorption.
  • a sound absorber designed in this way has the advantage, in particular in production, that the sound absorber can be pushed onto the exhaust pipe as a prefabricated assembled unit and subsequently firmly connected to it, for example by welding.
  • absorber housing in this development preferably a tube piece enclosing the exhaust pipe is used, which is closed at its ends and fastened to the exhaust pipe.
  • a plurality of openings are preferably formed on the exhaust pipe through which exhaust gases between the exhaust pipe and the resonator or the sound absorber can flow back and forth, wherein by providing a plurality of openings instead of a single opening the exhaust pipe is hardly affected in its rigidity.
  • the openings are particularly preferably formed as slots which extend in the longitudinal direction of the exhaust pipe.
  • the sum of the surface areas of the flow-through surfaces of the openings in the exhaust pipe in fluid communication with the resonance body should correspond approximately to 0.8 to 1 times the flow cross-section viewed in a plane transverse to the longitudinal direction of the resonance body, that of the inner surface of the resonance body and the outer surface of the exhaust pipe is limited to ensure that the entire volume of gas in the resonator is vibrated and a sufficiently high damping effect is ensured.
  • the sum of the flow cross-sections of the openings is less than 0.8 times the flow cross-section of the resonator, if, for example, for reasons of production technology or reasons of insufficient rigidity of the exhaust pipe, the size and number of openings is limited ,
  • each elevation should preferably correspond to half the distance between the remaining between the inner surface of the resonator and the outer surface of the sound absorber gap into which the elevation protrudes.
  • the invention relates to an exhaust system for a motor vehicle, which is equipped with a silencer according to the invention.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional view of an inventive muffler 10 is shown for an exhaust system in a motor vehicle.
  • the muffler 10 is conventionally either connected via flanges to the piping of the exhaust system or already integrated directly into the exhaust system.
  • the muffler 10 has a muffler housing 12, which has a hollow cylindrical shape in the illustrated embodiment.
  • the muffler housing 12 is closed at its two open ends in each case by a cover 14 or 16.
  • a hollow-cylindrical exhaust pipe 18 which is passed through formed on the two covers 14 and 16 openings 20 and 22 in the longitudinal direction of the muffler housing 12.
  • the exhaust pipe 18 is gas-tight welded to the two covers 14 and 16 of the muffler housing 12.
  • a resonance body 24 of a resonator 26 is arranged concentrically around the exhaust pipe 18.
  • the likewise formed as a tube resonating body 24 is with its one open end on the inside of in Fig. 1 attached left cover 14, extends in the longitudinal direction of the muffler housing 12 and terminates at a small distance in front of the inside of the second cover 16, so that the other end of the tubular resonance body 24 remains open.
  • the resonator 24 has a cylindrical portion 28 which merges into a flared cylindrical portion 30, which forms about 3/4 of the length of the resonator 24.
  • a sound absorber 32 is disposed in the flared portion 30 of the sound box 24, in the flared portion 30 of the sound box 24, a sound absorber 32 is disposed.
  • the sound absorber 32 has an absorber housing 34, which is formed as a tube piece enclosing the exhaust pipe 18, which is closed at its ends and connected in a gas-tight manner to the exhaust pipe 18.
  • a damping material 36 such as rock wool, steel wool and the like, recorded, with the guided into the absorber housing 34 medium and high-frequency sound waves can be converted by friction into heat and damped in this way.
  • the radial elevations 38 are each dimensioned in their length so that they correspond to approximately half the gap height between the inner surface of the resonator 24 and the outer surface of the sound absorber 32. They are intended to prevent the resonating body 24 vibrating during damping from colliding with the inside of the silencer housing 12.
  • a plurality of extending in the longitudinal direction of the exhaust pipe 18 slots 40 and 42 are formed on the exhaust pipe.
  • the slots 40 are in fluid communication with the volume of gas bounded by the inner surface of the sound box 24, the outer surface of the exhaust pipe 18, and the outer surface of the sound absorber 32.
  • the slots 42 connect the exhaust pipe 18 to the interior of the sealed to the outside absorber housing 30.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 are cuts along in the Fig. 1 shown section lines II-II and III-III shown. It shows Fig. 2 the section II-II through the exhaust pipe 18 and the unexpanded portion 28 of the resonator 24, while Fig. 3 the section III-III through the resonator body 24, the sound absorber 32 and the exhaust pipe 18 shows.
  • the volume of the resonator 26 is limited in the region of the unexpanded portion 28 of the resonator 24 through the inner surface of the resonator 24 and the outer surface of the exhaust pipe 18 and defines in this sectional plane has a flow cross-section A 1 over the entire length of not expanded portion 28 is approximately constant.
  • the volume of the resonator 26 in the region of the widened portion 30 of the resonator 24 is limited by the inner surface of the resonator 24 and the outer surface of the sound absorber 32 and defined in FIG this sectional plane has a flow cross section A 2 . Again, the flow cross-section A 2 remains approximately constant over the length of the widened portion 30.
  • the radial distance of the aluminum surface of the exhaust pipe 18 to the inner surface resonating body 24 in the unexpanded portion 28 of the resonator 24 and the radial distance of the outer surface of the sound absorber 32 to the inner surface of the resonator 24 each chosen so that the two flow cross-sections A 1 and A 2 correspond to each other at least approximately.
  • the number of slots 40 which connect the exhaust pipe 18 and the resonator 26 with each other, and their flow cross sections are again chosen so that they at least 0.8 to 1 times, preferably 0.9 times, the flow cross section A 1 and A 2 , which ensures that a sufficient volume flow of the exhaust gas can communicate with the resting in the resonator 24 gas column for vibration damping.
  • an exhaust gas stream flows through the exhaust pipe 18, in which in particular due to the pulsed operation of the internal combustion engine resulting pressure pulses or sound waves propagate.
  • the exhaust gas flow communicates with the gas column resting in the resonator 26, the sound waves acting in the exhaust gas stream exciting the gas column in the resonator 26 to oscillate.
  • the vibrating gas column in turn stimulates the resonance body 24 to vibrate, which dampens due to its mass and its material properties low-frequency components of the resulting vibrations, so that in low-frequency sound waves are attenuated in the exhaust stream.
  • the sound waves present in the exhaust gas stream penetrate into the sound absorber 32 via the slots 42. In particular, the energy of medium and high frequency sound waves due to friction in the Damping material is converted into heat. Subsequently, the sound-damped exhaust gas stream flows out of the muffler 10.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Schalldämpfer nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 für eine Abgasanlage eines Kraftfahrzeuges. Des weiteren betrifft die Erfindung eine Abgasanlage für ein Kraftfahrzeug, mit einem erfindungsgemäßen Schalldämpfer.The invention relates to a silencer according to the preamble of claim 1 for an exhaust system of a motor vehicle. Furthermore, the invention relates to an exhaust system for a motor vehicle, with a silencer according to the invention.

Die im Abgas durch den Verbrennungsprozeß im Verbrennungsmotor entstehenden Druckimpulse führen in dem durch die Abgasanlage strömenden Abgasstrom zur Entstehung von Schallwellen in unterschiedlichen Frequenzbereichen. Mit Hilfe von in der Abgasanlage vorgesehenen Schalldämpfern sollen insbesondere die für das menschliche Gehör hörbaren Frequenzen gedämpft werden. Des weiteren soll verhindert werden, dass die Schallwellen von der Abgasanlage an die Karosserie oder das Chassis des Fahrzeuges übertragen werden und diese zum Schwingen anregt.The pressure pulses produced in the exhaust gas by the combustion process in the internal combustion engine lead in the exhaust gas flow flowing through the exhaust system to the formation of sound waves in different frequency ranges. With the help of provided in the exhaust system silencers in particular the audible for human hearing frequencies are to be damped. Furthermore, it should be prevented that the sound waves are transmitted from the exhaust system to the body or the chassis of the vehicle and this stimulates to vibrate.

Um höherfrequente Schallwellen zu dämpfen, ist es bekannt, den Abgasstrom durch einen sogenannten Schallabsorbers oder Absorptionsschalldämpfer zu leiten. Hierbei werden die Schallwellen in einem Dämpfungsmaterial durch Reibung in Wärme umgewandelt und so gedämpft. Niederfrequente Schallwellen werden unter anderem durch Verwendung eines Resonators gedämpft, bei dem ein im Resonator befindliches Gasvolumen sowie der Resonator selbst in Schwingung versetzt werden und die dem Resonator und dem Gasstrom eigene Masse ein Dämpfen der niederfrequenten Anteile der Schallwellen bewirkt.In order to dampen higher-frequency sound waves, it is known to direct the exhaust gas flow through a so-called sound absorber or absorption silencer. Here, the sound waves in a damping material are converted by friction into heat and thus damped. Low-frequency sound waves are attenuated, inter alia, by using a resonator in which a gas volume in the resonator and the resonator itself are set in vibration and the mass inherent in the resonator and the gas flow causes the low-frequency components of the sound waves to be damped.

GB 403651 A offenbart einem Schalldämpfer mit einem zentralen perforierten Rohr teilweise umgeben von einem Resonatorkörper. GB 403651 A discloses a muffler having a central perforated tube partially surrounded by a resonator body.

Aus der EP 0 802 308 B1 ist ein Schalldämpfer für eine Abgasanlage eines Kraftfahrzeuges bekannt, bei dem Schallwellen unterschiedlicher Frequenzbereiche durch die Kombination eines Resonators mit einem Schallabsorber gedämpft werden, die in einem gemeinsamen Schalldämpfergehäuse angeordnet sind. Als Resonator dient hierbei ein vom Abgasrohr abgezweigtes Resonatorrohr, das mit dem Abgasrohr in Strömungsverbindung steht. Der Schallabsorber, der die hochfrequenten Schallwellen dämpfen soll, ist beabstandet zum Resonatorrohr im Schalldämpfergehäuse angeordnet und steht gleichfalls mit dem Abgasrohr in Strömungsverbindung.From the EP 0 802 308 B1 a muffler for an exhaust system of a motor vehicle is known in the sound waves of different frequency ranges be damped by the combination of a resonator with a sound absorber, which are arranged in a common muffler housing. The resonator in this case is a branched off from the exhaust pipe resonator tube, which communicates with the exhaust pipe in flow communication. The sound absorber, which is intended to dampen the high-frequency sound waves, is arranged at a distance from the resonator tube in the silencer housing and likewise communicates with the exhaust pipe in fluid communication.

Nachteilig an diesem bekannten Schalldämpfer ist insbesondere, dass der Schalldämpfer aufgrund der Kombination des Resonatorrohres mit dem Schallabsorber ein verglichen mit herkömmlichen Schalldämpfern großes Bauvolumen besitzt.A disadvantage of this known muffler is in particular that the muffler due to the combination of the resonator tube with the sound absorber has a large volume compared with conventional mufflers.

Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, einen Schalldämpfer für eine Abgasanlage eines Kraftfahrzeuges bzw. eine Abgasanlage, die mit einem derartigen Schalldämpfer ausgestattet ist, anzugeben, der bzw. bei der der Schalldämpfer ein verglichen mit den bekannten Schalldämpfern geringeres Bauvofumen aufweist.It is an object of the invention to provide a silencer for an exhaust system of a motor vehicle or an exhaust system, which is equipped with such a silencer, the or in which the silencer has a compared with the known silencers lower Bauvofumen.

Die Erfindung löst die Aufgabe durch einen Schalldämpfer mit den Merkmalen nach Anspruch 1. Des weiteren löst die Erfindung die Aufgabe durch eine Abgasanlage gemäß Anspruch 11, die mit einem erfindungsgemäßen Schalldämpfer ausgestattet ist.The invention solves the problem by a muffler with the features of claim 1. Furthermore, the invention solves the problem by an exhaust system according to claim 11, which is equipped with a muffler according to the invention.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Schalldämpfer, der mit einem Resonator zur Dämpfung niederfrequenter Schallwellen sowie einem Schallabsorber zur Absorption hochfrequenter Schallwellen ausgestattet ist, werden gleichzeitig sowohl das Abgasrohr selbst als auch der Schallabsorber als Funktionselemente des Resonators eingesetzt, bilden also einen Teil des Resonators. Zu diesem Zweck wird bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Schalldämpfer ein rohrförmiger Resonanzkörper verwendet, der mit dem Abgasohr in Strömungsverbindung steht, das Abgasrohr in Umfangsrichtung gleichzeitig umschließt, jedoch beabstandet zum Abgasrohr gehalten ist, während gleichzeitig der Schallabsorber zumindest teilweise in das offene Ende des Resonanzkörpers eingeführt ist.In the silencer according to the invention, which is equipped with a resonator for damping low-frequency sound waves and a sound absorber for absorbing high-frequency sound waves, both the exhaust pipe itself and the sound absorber are used as functional elements of the resonator simultaneously, thus forming part of the resonator. For this purpose, in the muffler according to the invention, a tubular resonator body is used, which is in flow communication with the exhaust pipe, the exhaust pipe circumferentially surrounds at the same time, but spaced from the exhaust pipe while the sound absorber is at least partially inserted into the open end of the resonator.

Das Gasvolumen im Resonator, mit dem die niederfrequenten Anteile der Schallwellen gedämpft werden sollen, ist somit durch die Innenoberfläche des Resonanzkörpers, die Außenoberfläche des vom Resonanzkörper umschlossenen Abschnittes des Abgasrohres sowie die Außenoberfläche des in den Resonanzkörper eingeführten Schallabsorbers begrenzt. Durch die Einbeziehung des Abgasrohres und des Schallabsorbers in die Gestaltung des Resonators läßt sich ein sehr kompakter Schalldämpfer mit einem verglichen mit dem Stand der Technik äußerst geringem Bauvolumen realisieren. Gleichzeitig kann durch entsprechende Gestaltung des Resonanzkörpers, des Abgasrohres und des Schallabsorbers das Dämpfungsverhalten des Resonators gezielt beeinflussen. Damit der Resonator über die gesamte Länge des Resonanzkörpers gleichbleibende Strömungs- und Dämpfungseigenschaft besitzt, ist der Resonanzkörper bei einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Schalldämpfers an seinem offenen Ende so aufgeweitet, dass in einer Ebene quer zur Längsrichtung des Resonanzkörpers betrachtet der in der Ebene von der Innenoberfläche des Resonanzkörpers und der Außenoberfläche des Schallabsorbers begrenzte Strömungsquerschnitt zumindest annähernd dem Strömungsquerschnitt entspricht, der von der Innenoberfläche des Resonanzkörpers und der Außenoberfläche des Abgasrohres in einer parallelen zweiten Ebene betrachtet begrenzt ist.The gas volume in the resonator with which the low-frequency components of the sound waves are to be damped is thus limited by the inner surface of the resonance body, the outer surface of the section enclosed by the resonator body of the exhaust pipe and the outer surface of the inserted into the sound box sound absorber. By including the exhaust pipe and the sound absorber in the design of the resonator, a very compact silencer can be realized with a comparison with the prior art extremely low volume. At the same time can influence the damping behavior of the resonator targeted by appropriate design of the resonator, the exhaust pipe and the sound absorber. Thus, the resonator over the entire length of the resonator body has constant flow and damping property, the resonant body is in a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention silencer at its open end expanded so that viewed in a plane transverse to the longitudinal direction of the resonator in the plane of the Inner surface of the resonator and the outer surface of the sound absorber limited flow cross-section corresponds at least approximately to the flow cross section, which is bounded by the inner surface of the resonator and the outer surface of the exhaust pipe in a parallel second plane.

Weitere Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung, den Unteransprüchen und der Zeichnung.Further advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description, the dependent claims and the drawings.

So wird bei einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Schalldämpfers vorgeschlagen, den rohrförmigen Resonanzkörper mit seinem dem offenen Ende entgegengesetzten anderen Ende an der Innenseite des Schalldämpfergehäuses zu befestigen. Alternativ kann der Resonanzkörpers mit seinem dem offenen Ende entgegengesetzten Ende an der Außenoberfläche des Abgasrohres befestigt sein. Durch das Befestigen des Resonanzkörpers am Schalldämpfergehäuse oder am Abgasrohr kann auf zusätzliche Befestigungselemente im Schalldämpfergehäuse verzichtet werden, mit denen der Resonanzkörper sonst im Schalldämpfergehäuse zusätzlich zu halten wäre.Thus, it is proposed in a particularly preferred embodiment of the muffler according to the invention to fasten the tubular resonance body with its open end opposite the other end on the inside of the muffler housing. Alternatively, the resonance body may be fixed with its end opposite the open end to the outer surface of the exhaust pipe. By attaching the resonator on the muffler housing or on the exhaust pipe can be dispensed with additional fasteners in the muffler housing with which the resonant body would otherwise be kept in the muffler housing.

Des weiteren ist es von Vorteil, wenn der Abstand der Innenoberfläche des Resonanzkörpers zur Außenoberfläche des Abgasröhres in Umfangsrichtung des Abgasrohres betrachtet zumindest annähernd konstant ist, um unerwünschte Verwirbelungen im Resonanzkörper zu vermeiden, die gegebenenfalls zur Entstehung hörbarer Strömungsgeräusche führen könnten.Furthermore, it is advantageous if the distance of the inner surface of the resonator to the outer surface of the exhaust pipe in the circumferential direction of the exhaust pipe viewed at least approximately constant in order to avoid unwanted turbulence in the resonator, which could possibly lead to the formation of audible flow noise.

Hierbei ist es insbesondere vorteilhaft, wenn der Abstand der Innenoberfläche des Resonanzkörpers zur Außenoberfläche des Abgasrohres vorzugsweise auch in Längsrichtung des Resonanzkörpers betrachtet zumindest abschnittsweise konstant ist.It is particularly advantageous if the distance of the inner surface of the resonator to the outer surface of the exhaust pipe is preferably at least partially constant viewed in the longitudinal direction of the resonator.

Um die Fertigung des erfindungsgemäßen Schalldämpfers zu erleichtern, weist das Abgasrohr und der Resonanzkörper vorzugsweise einen zumindest annähernd kreisrunden Querschnitt auf, wobei der rohrförmige Resonanzkörper konzentrisch zum Abgäsrohr angeordnet ist. Es ist jedoch auch denkbar, das Abgasrohr im Querschnitt beispielsweise oval zu gestalten. Bei einer derartigen Weiterbildung sollte der Querschnitt des Resonanzkörpers an den Querschnitt des Abgasrohres angeglichen und symmetrisch zum Abgasrohr angeordnet sein.In order to facilitate the manufacture of the silencer according to the invention, the exhaust pipe and the resonance body preferably has an at least approximately circular cross-section, wherein the tubular resonance body is arranged concentrically to the exhaust pipe. However, it is also conceivable to make the exhaust pipe in cross section, for example, oval. In such a development, the cross section of the resonance body should be adapted to the cross section of the exhaust pipe and arranged symmetrically to the exhaust pipe.

Der Schallabsorber ist bei einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Schalldämpfers so gestaltet, dass auch der Schallabsorber das Abgasrohr in dessen Umfangsrichtung vollständig umschließt, wobei der Schallabsorber gleichzeitig am Abgasrohr befestigt ist. Hierdurch läßt sich einerseits die Anbindung des Schallabsorbers an das Abgasrohr auf sehr einfache Weise realisieren, während der Schallabsorber gleichzeitig bei äußert geringem Platzbedarf ein für die Schallabsorption ausreichend großes Volumen aufweisen kann.The sound absorber is designed in a particularly preferred embodiment of the muffler according to the invention so that the sound absorber completely surrounds the exhaust pipe in the circumferential direction, wherein the sound absorber is attached to the exhaust pipe at the same time. As a result, on the one hand the connection of the sound absorber to the exhaust pipe can be realized in a very simple manner, while the sound absorber can have a volume which is sufficiently large for the sound absorption at the same time as it takes up very little space.

Als Schallabsorber dient bei diesem zuvor beschriebenen bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel vorzugsweise ein Schallabsorber, der ein auf das Abgasrohr aufgeschobenes Absorbergehäuse aufweist, dessen mit dem Abgasrohr in Strömungsverbindung stehender Innenraum gegenüber dem Schalldämpfergehäuse zumindest annähernd gasdicht ist, und der mit einem Dämpfungsmaterial, wie Mineralwolle, Stahlwolle und ähnlichem, zur Schallabsorbierung gefüllt ist. Die Verwendung eines derartig gestalteten Schallabsorbers hat insbesondere in der Fertigung den Vorteil, dass der Schallabsorber als vorgefertigte montierte Baueinheit auf das Abgasrohr aufgeschoben und anschließend mit diesem, beispielsweise durch Schweißen, fest verbunden werden kann. Als Absorbergehäuse wird bei dieser Weiterbildung bevorzugt ein das Abgasrohr umschließendes Rohrstück verwendet, dass an seinen Enden verschlossen und an dem Abgasrohr befestigt ist. Um das Abgasrohr mit dem Resonanzkörper und/oder mit dem Schallabsorber zu verbinden, werden am Abgasrohr vorzugsweise mehrere Öffnungen ausgebildet, durch die Abgase zwischen dem Abgasrohr und dem Resonanzkörper bzw. dem Schallabsorber hin und her strömen können, wobei durch das Vorsehen mehrerer Öffnungen anstelle einer einzigen Öffnung das Abgasrohr in seiner Steifigkeit kaum beeinträchtigt ist. Die Öffnungen sind besonders bevorzugt als Schlitze ausgebildet, die sich in Längsrichtung des Abgasrohres erstrecken.As a sound absorber is preferably used in this preferred embodiment described above, a sound absorber having a slid onto the exhaust pipe absorber housing, which is at least approximately gas-tight with the exhaust pipe in flow connection interior relative to the muffler housing, and with a damping material, such as mineral wool, steel wool and the like , is filled for sound absorption. The Using a sound absorber designed in this way has the advantage, in particular in production, that the sound absorber can be pushed onto the exhaust pipe as a prefabricated assembled unit and subsequently firmly connected to it, for example by welding. As absorber housing in this development, preferably a tube piece enclosing the exhaust pipe is used, which is closed at its ends and fastened to the exhaust pipe. In order to connect the exhaust pipe with the resonator and / or with the sound absorber, a plurality of openings are preferably formed on the exhaust pipe through which exhaust gases between the exhaust pipe and the resonator or the sound absorber can flow back and forth, wherein by providing a plurality of openings instead of a single opening the exhaust pipe is hardly affected in its rigidity. The openings are particularly preferably formed as slots which extend in the longitudinal direction of the exhaust pipe.

Die Summe der Flächeninhalte der durchströmten Flächen der mit dem Resonanzkörper in Strömungsverbindung stehenden Öffnungen am Abgasrohr sollte dabei etwa dem 0,8 bis 1-fachen des in einer Ebene quer zur Längsrichtung des Resonanzkörpers betrachteten Strömungsquerschnitts entsprechen, der von der Innenoberfläche des Resonanzkörpers und der Außenoberfläche des Abgasrohres begrenzt ist, damit sichergestellt ist, dass das gesamte Gasvolumen im Resonanzkörper in Schwingung versetzt wird und eine ausreichend hohe Dämpfungswirkung gewährleistet ist.The sum of the surface areas of the flow-through surfaces of the openings in the exhaust pipe in fluid communication with the resonance body should correspond approximately to 0.8 to 1 times the flow cross-section viewed in a plane transverse to the longitudinal direction of the resonance body, that of the inner surface of the resonance body and the outer surface of the exhaust pipe is limited to ensure that the entire volume of gas in the resonator is vibrated and a sufficiently high damping effect is ensured.

Es ist jedoch auch denkbar, dass die Summe der Strömungsquerschnitte der Öffnungen insgesamt kleiner als das 0,8-fache des Strömungsquerschnittes des Resonanzkörpers ist, wenn beispielsweise aus fertigungstechnischen Gründen oder aus Gründen einer nicht ausreichenden Steifigkeit des Abgasrohres die Größe und Anzahl der Öffnungen beschränkt ist.However, it is also conceivable that the sum of the flow cross-sections of the openings is less than 0.8 times the flow cross-section of the resonator, if, for example, for reasons of production technology or reasons of insufficient rigidity of the exhaust pipe, the size and number of openings is limited ,

Um ein Anschlagen des Resonanzkörpers am Schalldämpfergehäuse zu verhindern, wird ferner vorgeschlagen, am oder nahe dem offenen Ende des Resonanzkörpers radial nach innen abstehende Erhebungen vorzusehen. Die Höhe jeder Erhebung sollte dabei vorzugsweise dem halben Abstand des zwischen der Innenoberfläche des Resonanzkörpers und der Außenoberfläche des Schallabsorbers verbleibenden Spaltes entsprechen, in den die Erhebung ragt.In order to prevent impact of the resonator body on the muffler housing, it is further proposed to provide radially inwardly projecting projections at or near the open end of the resonator body. The height of each elevation should preferably correspond to half the distance between the remaining between the inner surface of the resonator and the outer surface of the sound absorber gap into which the elevation protrudes.

Gemäß einem weiteren Aspekt betrifft die Erfindung eine Abgasanlage für ein Kraftfahrzeug, die mit einem erfindungsgemäßen Schalldämpfer ausgestattet ist.According to a further aspect, the invention relates to an exhaust system for a motor vehicle, which is equipped with a silencer according to the invention.

Weitere Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der folgenden Beschreibung eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels unter Bezugnahme auf die beigefügte Zeichnung, in der:

Fig. 1
eine schematische Schnittansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Schalldämpfers mit einem Abgasrohr, einem Resonanzkörper und einem Schallabsorber zeigt,
Fig. 2
einen Schnitt entlang der Schnittlinie II-II in Fig. 1 zeigt, in dem der von dem Resonanzkörper und dem Abgasrohr begrenzte Strömungsquerschnitt in einer Ebene quer zur Längsrichtung des Schalldämpfers dargestellt ist, und
Fig. 3
einen Schnitt entlang der Schnittlinie III-III in Fig. 1 zeigt, in dem der von dem Resonanzkörper und dem Schallabsorber begrenzte Strömungsquerschnitt in einer zweiten Ebene quer zur Längsrichtung des Schalldämpfers dargestellt ist.
Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of a preferred embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Fig. 1
a schematic sectional view of a silencer according to the invention with an exhaust pipe, a resonator and a sound absorber shows,
Fig. 2
a section along the section line II-II in Fig. 1 shows, in which the limited by the resonant body and the exhaust pipe flow cross section is shown in a plane transverse to the longitudinal direction of the muffler, and
Fig. 3
a section along the section line III-III in Fig. 1 shows, in which the limited by the resonant body and the sound absorber flow cross-section is shown in a second plane transverse to the longitudinal direction of the muffler.

In Fig. 1 ist in schematischer Schnittansicht ein erfindungsgemäßer Schalldämpfer 10 für eine Abgasanlage in einem Kraftfahrzeug dargestellt. Der Schalldämpfer 10 ist in herkömmlicherweise entweder über Flansche an die Verrohrung der Abgasanlage angeschlossen oder bereits in die Abgasanlage unmittelbar integriert.In Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional view of an inventive muffler 10 is shown for an exhaust system in a motor vehicle. The muffler 10 is conventionally either connected via flanges to the piping of the exhaust system or already integrated directly into the exhaust system.

Der Schalldämpfer 10 hat ein Schalldämpfergehäuse 12, das im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel eine Hohlzylinderform besitzt. Das Schalldämpfergehäuse 12 ist an seinen beiden offenen Enden jeweils durch eine Abdeckung 14 bzw. 16 verschlossen.The muffler 10 has a muffler housing 12, which has a hollow cylindrical shape in the illustrated embodiment. The muffler housing 12 is closed at its two open ends in each case by a cover 14 or 16.

Durch das Schalldämpfergehäuse 12 erstreckt sich ein hohlzylinderförmiges Abgasrohr 18, das durch an den beiden Abdeckungen 14 und 16 ausgebildete Öffnungen 20 und 22 in Längsrichtung des Schalldämpfergehäuses 12 hindurchgeführt ist. Das Abgasrohr 18 ist mit den beiden Abdeckungen 14 und 16 des Schalldämpfergehäuses 12 gasdicht verschweißt.Through the muffler housing 12 extends a hollow-cylindrical exhaust pipe 18, which is passed through formed on the two covers 14 and 16 openings 20 and 22 in the longitudinal direction of the muffler housing 12. The exhaust pipe 18 is gas-tight welded to the two covers 14 and 16 of the muffler housing 12.

Im Schalldämpfergehäuses 12 ist konzentrisch um das Abgasrohr 18 ein Resonanzkörper 24 eines Resonators 26 angeordnet. Der gleichfalls als Rohr ausgebildete Resonanzkörper 24 ist mit seinem einen offenen Ende an der Innenseite der in Fig. 1 links dargestellten Abdeckung 14 befestigt, erstreckt sich in Längsrichtung des Schalldämpfergehäuses 12 und endet mit geringem Abstand vor der Innenseite der zweiten Abdeckung 16, so dass das andere Ende des rohrförmigen Resonanzkörpers 24 offen bleibt. Ausgehend von der links dargestellten Abdeckung 14 hat der Resonanzkörper 24 einen zylindrischen Abschnitt 28, der in einen aufgeweiteten zylindrischen Abschnitt 30 übergeht, welcher etwa 3/4 der Länge des Resonanzkörpers 24 bildet.In the muffler housing 12, a resonance body 24 of a resonator 26 is arranged concentrically around the exhaust pipe 18. The likewise formed as a tube resonating body 24 is with its one open end on the inside of in Fig. 1 attached left cover 14, extends in the longitudinal direction of the muffler housing 12 and terminates at a small distance in front of the inside of the second cover 16, so that the other end of the tubular resonance body 24 remains open. Starting from the cover 14 shown on the left, the resonator 24 has a cylindrical portion 28 which merges into a flared cylindrical portion 30, which forms about 3/4 of the length of the resonator 24.

In dem aufgeweiteten Abschnitt 30 des Resonanzkörpers 24 ist ein Schallabsorber 32 angeordnet. Der Schallabsorber 32 hat ein Absorbergehäuse 34, das als ein das Abgasrohr 18 umschließendes Rohrstück ausgebildet ist, welches an seinen Enden verschlossen und mit dem Abgasrohr 18 gasdicht verbunden ist. Im Inneren des Absorbergehäuses 34 ist ein Dämpfungsmaterial 36, wie Steinwolle, Stahlwolle und ähnliches, aufgenommen, mit dem in das Absorbergehäuse 34 geleitete mittel- und hochfrequente Schallwellen durch Reibung in Wärme umgewandelt und auf diese Weise gedämpft werden können.In the flared portion 30 of the sound box 24, a sound absorber 32 is disposed. The sound absorber 32 has an absorber housing 34, which is formed as a tube piece enclosing the exhaust pipe 18, which is closed at its ends and connected in a gas-tight manner to the exhaust pipe 18. Inside the absorber housing 34 is a damping material 36, such as rock wool, steel wool and the like, recorded, with the guided into the absorber housing 34 medium and high-frequency sound waves can be converted by friction into heat and damped in this way.

Am offenen Ende des Resonanzkörpers 24 sind über dessen Innenumfang gleichmäßig verteilt mehrere radial nach innen abstehende Erhebungen 38 vorgesehen. Die radialen Erhebungen 38 sind in ihrer Länge jeweils so bemessen, dass sie etwa der halben Spalthöhe zwischen der Innenoberfläche des Resonanzkörpers 24 und der Außenoberfläche des Schallabsorbers 32 entsprechen. Sie sollen verhindern, dass der beim Dämpfen in Schwingung geratende Resonanzkörper 24 mit der Innenseite des Schalldämpfergehäuses 12 kollidiert.At the open end of the resonator 24 evenly distributed over the inner circumference several radially inwardly projecting elevations 38 are provided. The radial elevations 38 are each dimensioned in their length so that they correspond to approximately half the gap height between the inner surface of the resonator 24 and the outer surface of the sound absorber 32. They are intended to prevent the resonating body 24 vibrating during damping from colliding with the inside of the silencer housing 12.

Zur Übertragung der Schallwellen des durch das Abgasrohr 18 strömenden, pulsierenden Abgasstromes sind am Abgasrohr 18 mehrere in Längsrichtung des Abgasrohres 18 verlaufende Schlitze 40 bzw. 42 ausgebildet. Die Schlitze 40 stehen mit dem von der Innenoberfläche des Resonanzkörpers 24, der Außenoberfläche des Abgasrohres 18 und der Außenoberfläche des Schallabsorbers 32 begrenzten Gasvolumen in Strömungsverbindung. Die Schlitze 42 verbinden das Abgasrohr 18 mit dem Innenraum des nach außen abgeschlossenen Absorbergehäuses 30. Durch die Schlitze 40 bzw. 42 kann der durch das Abgasrohr 18 strömende Abgasstrom mit der im Resonator 26 stehenden Gassäule und mit dem im Schallabsorber 32 enthaltenen Gasvolumen zur Schwingungsübertragung kommunizieren.To transmit the sound waves of the flowing through the exhaust pipe 18, pulsating exhaust gas stream 18 a plurality of extending in the longitudinal direction of the exhaust pipe 18 slots 40 and 42 are formed on the exhaust pipe. The slots 40 are in fluid communication with the volume of gas bounded by the inner surface of the sound box 24, the outer surface of the exhaust pipe 18, and the outer surface of the sound absorber 32. The slots 42 connect the exhaust pipe 18 to the interior of the sealed to the outside absorber housing 30. Through the slots 40 and 42 of the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust pipe 18 can communicate with the gas column in the resonator 26 and with the gas volume contained in the sound absorber 32 for vibration transmission ,

In den Fig. 2 und 3 sind Schnitte entlang der in der Fig. 1 dargestellten Schnittlinien II-II und III-III gezeigt. Dabei zeigt Fig. 2 den Schnitt II-II durch das Abgasrohr 18 und den nicht aufgeweiteten Abschnitt 28 des Resonanzkörpers 24, während Fig. 3 den Schnitt III-III durch den Resonanzkörper 24, den Schallabsorber 32 und das Abgasrohr 18 zeigt.In the FIGS. 2 and 3 are cuts along in the Fig. 1 shown section lines II-II and III-III shown. It shows Fig. 2 the section II-II through the exhaust pipe 18 and the unexpanded portion 28 of the resonator 24, while Fig. 3 the section III-III through the resonator body 24, the sound absorber 32 and the exhaust pipe 18 shows.

Wie Fig. 2 zu entnehmen ist, ist das Volumen des Resonators 26 im Bereich des nicht aufgeweiteten Abschnitts 28 des Resonanzkörpers 24 durch die Innenoberfläche des Resonanzkörpers 24 und die Außenoberfläche des Abgasrohres 18 begrenzt und definiert in dieser Schnittebene einen Strömungsquerschnitt A1, der über die gesamte Länge des nicht aufgeweiteten Abschnittes 28 in etwa konstant ist. Das Volumen des Resonators 26 im Bereich des aufgeweiteten Abschnittes 30 des Resonanzkörpers 24 ist durch die Innenoberfläche des Resonanzkörpers 24 und die Außenoberfläche des Schallabsorbers 32 begrenzt und definiert in dieser Schnittebene einen Strömungsquerschnitt A2. Auch hier bleibt der Strömungsquerschnitt A2 über die Länge des aufgeweiteten Abschnittes 30 etwa konstant.As Fig. 2 can be seen, the volume of the resonator 26 is limited in the region of the unexpanded portion 28 of the resonator 24 through the inner surface of the resonator 24 and the outer surface of the exhaust pipe 18 and defines in this sectional plane has a flow cross-section A 1 over the entire length of not expanded portion 28 is approximately constant. The volume of the resonator 26 in the region of the widened portion 30 of the resonator 24 is limited by the inner surface of the resonator 24 and the outer surface of the sound absorber 32 and defined in FIG this sectional plane has a flow cross section A 2 . Again, the flow cross-section A 2 remains approximately constant over the length of the widened portion 30.

Um ein möglichst einheitliches Dämpfungsverhalten über die gesamte Länge des Resonanzkörpers 24 gewährleisten zu können, ist der radiale Abstand der Alußenoberfläche des Abgasrohres 18 zur Innenoberfläche Resonanzkörpers 24 im nicht aufgeweiteten Abschnitt 28 des Resonanzkörpers 24 und der radiale Abstand der Außenoberfläche des Schallabsorbers 32 zur Innenoberfläche des Resonanzkörpers 24 jeweils so gewählt, dass die beiden Strömungsquerschnitte A1 und A2 einander zumindest annähernd entsprechen.In order to ensure the most uniform possible damping behavior over the entire length of the resonator 24, the radial distance of the aluminum surface of the exhaust pipe 18 to the inner surface resonating body 24 in the unexpanded portion 28 of the resonator 24 and the radial distance of the outer surface of the sound absorber 32 to the inner surface of the resonator 24 each chosen so that the two flow cross-sections A 1 and A 2 correspond to each other at least approximately.

Die Anzahl der Schlitze 40, die das Abgasrohr 18 und den Resonator 26 miteinander verbinden, sowie deren Strömungsquerschnitte sind wiederum so gewählt, dass sie zumindest dem 0,8 bis 1-fachen, vorzugsweise dem 0,9-fachen, des Strömungsquerschnittes A1 bzw. A2 entsprechen, wodurch sichergestellt ist, dass ein ausreichender Volumenstrom des Abgases mit der im Resonanzkörper 24 ruhenden Gassäule zur Schwingungsdämpfung kommunizieren kann.The number of slots 40 which connect the exhaust pipe 18 and the resonator 26 with each other, and their flow cross sections are again chosen so that they at least 0.8 to 1 times, preferably 0.9 times, the flow cross section A 1 and A 2 , which ensures that a sufficient volume flow of the exhaust gas can communicate with the resting in the resonator 24 gas column for vibration damping.

Bei Betrieb strömt ein Abgasstrom durch das Abgasrohr 18, in welchem sich insbesondere aufgrund der getakteten Arbeitsweise des Verbrennungsmotors entstehende Druckimpulse bzw. Schallwellen fortpflanzen. Sobald der Abgasstrom in den erfindungsgemäßen Schalldämpfer 10 einströmt, kommuniziert der Abgasstrom mit der im Resonator 26 ruhenden Gassäule, wobei die im Abgasstrom wirkenden Schallwellen die Gassäule im Resonator 26 zum Schwingen anregen. Die in Schwingung geratende Gassäule regt ihrerseits den Resonanzkörper 24 zum Schwingen an, welcher aufgrund seiner Masse und seiner Materialeigenschaften niederfrequente Anteile der entstehenden Schwingungen dämpft, so dass in folge auch niederfrequente Schallwellen im Abgasstrom gedämpft werden. Des weiteren dringen die sich im Abgasstrom vorliegenden Schallwellen über die Schlitze 42 in den Schallabsorber 32 ein. Dabei wird insbesondere die Energie mittel- und hochfrequenter Schallwellen durch Reibung im Dämpfungsmaterial in Wärme umgewandelt wird. Anschließend strömt der so schallgedämpfte Abgasstrom aus dem Schalldämpfer 10.During operation, an exhaust gas stream flows through the exhaust pipe 18, in which in particular due to the pulsed operation of the internal combustion engine resulting pressure pulses or sound waves propagate. As soon as the exhaust gas stream flows into the muffler 10 according to the invention, the exhaust gas flow communicates with the gas column resting in the resonator 26, the sound waves acting in the exhaust gas stream exciting the gas column in the resonator 26 to oscillate. The vibrating gas column in turn stimulates the resonance body 24 to vibrate, which dampens due to its mass and its material properties low-frequency components of the resulting vibrations, so that in low-frequency sound waves are attenuated in the exhaust stream. Furthermore, the sound waves present in the exhaust gas stream penetrate into the sound absorber 32 via the slots 42. In particular, the energy of medium and high frequency sound waves due to friction in the Damping material is converted into heat. Subsequently, the sound-damped exhaust gas stream flows out of the muffler 10.

Bezugszeichenliste:LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1010
Schalldämpfersilencer
1212
Schalldämpfergehäusemuffler housing
1414
Abdeckungcover
1616
Abdeckungcover
1818
Abgasrohrexhaust pipe
2020
Öffnungopening
2222
Öffnungopening
2424
Resonanzkörpersound
2626
Resonatorresonator
2828
zylindrischer Abschnittcylindrical section
3030
aufgeweiteter zylindrischer Abschnittflared cylindrical section
3232
Schallabsorbersound absorber
3434
Absorbergehäuseabsorber housing
3636
Dämpfungsmaterialdamping material
3838
Erhebungensurveys
4040
Schlitzeslots
4242
Schlitzeslots
A1 A 1
Strömungsquerschnitt im nicht aufgeweiteten Abschnitt 28Flow cross-section in the unexpanded section 28th
A2 A 2
Strömungsquerschnitt im aufgeweiteten Abschnitt 30Flow cross-section in the expanded portion 30th

Claims (11)

  1. Silencer for an exhaust system of a motor vehicle, with a silencer housing (12) through which an exhaust pipe (18) passes for the conduction there through of exhaust gas flows to be silenced, wherein the exhaust pipe (18) is connected in terms of flow to a resonator (26) arranged in the silencer housing (12) and to a sound absorber (32) which is arranged in the silencer housing (12) and is filled with a damping material for sound absorption, wherein a tubular resonant element (24) which surrounds the exhaust pipe (18) in the circumferential direction thereof and is arranged spaced apart from the exhaust pipe (18) and into the open end of which the sound absorber (32) is at least partially inserted serves as the resonator (26), characterized in that the resonant element (24) is expanded at the open end thereof in such a manner that in a plane, as viewed transversely with respect to the longitudinal direction of the resonant element (24), the flow cross section (A2) which is bounded in the plane by the inner surface of the resonant element (24) and the outer surface of the sound absorber (32) at least approximately corresponds to the flow cross section (A1) which is bounded by the inner surface of the resonant element (24) and the outer surface of the exhaust pipe (18), as viewed in a parallel second plane.
  2. Silencer according to Claim 1, characterized in that the resonant element (24) is fastened at the other end thereof to the inside of the silencer housing (12) or to the outer surface of the exhaust pipe (18).
  3. Silencer according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the distance of the inner surface of the resonant element (24) from the outer surface of the exhaust pipe (18), as viewed in the circumferential direction of the exhaust pipe (18), is at least approximately constant, wherein the distance is preferably also constant at least in sections, as viewed in the longitudinal direction of the resonant element (24).
  4. Silencer according to Claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the exhaust pipe (18) and the resonant element (24) have an at least approximately circular cross section, and the tubular resonant element (24) is arranged concentrically with respect to the exhaust pipe (8).
  5. Silencer according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the sound absorber (32) completely surrounds the exhaust pipe (18) in the circumferential direction thereof and is fastened to said exhaust pipe.
  6. Silencer according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the sound absorber (32) has an absorber housing (34) which is pushed onto the exhaust pipe (18) and the interior of which, which is connected in terms of flow to the exhaust pipe (18), is at least approximately gas-tight in relation to the silencer housing (12) and which is filled with a damping material (36) for sound absorption.
  7. Silencer according to Claim 6, characterized in that the absorber housing (34) is a pipe section which surrounds the exhaust pipe (18), is closed at the ends thereof and is fastened to the exhaust pipe (18).
  8. Silencer according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the resonant element (24) and/or the sound absorber (32) are/is connected in terms of flow to the exhaust pipe (18) by a plurality of openings, preferably slots (40, 42).
  9. Silencer according to Claim 8, characterized in that the sum of the flow cross sections of the openings (40), which are connected in terms of flow to the resonant element (24), on the exhaust pipe (18) corresponds to 0.8 to 1 times the flow cross section (A1, A2) in a plane, as viewed transversely with respect to the longitudinal direction of the resonant element (24), said flow cross section being bounded by the inner surface of the resonant element (24) and the outer surface of the exhaust pipe (18).
  10. Silencer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that radially inwardly protruding elevations (38) are provided at or in the vicinity of the open end of the resonant element (24), wherein the height of each elevation (38) preferably corresponds to half the distance of the gap which remains between the inner surface of the resonant element (24) and the outer surface of the sound absorber (32) and into which the elevation (38) projects.
  11. Exhaust system for a motor vehicle, with a silencer (10) according to one of Claims 1 to 10.
EP04015174.8A 2003-07-24 2004-06-29 Silencer and exhaust system Expired - Fee Related EP1500798B1 (en)

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DE2003133645 DE10333645A1 (en) 2003-07-24 2003-07-24 Silencer and exhaust system

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EP1500798B1 true EP1500798B1 (en) 2016-09-28

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US8800713B2 (en) * 2010-02-11 2014-08-12 Faurecia Emissions Control Technologies, Usa, Llc Plastic muffler with Helmholtz chamber
DE102011114351A1 (en) * 2011-09-27 2014-06-12 Mann + Hummel Gmbh Exhaust gas sound absorber i.e. absorption silencer, has radially directed spacing ribs arranged at inner side of housing to hold damping material at certain distance to inner side of housing and partially made of refractory material
FR3011617B1 (en) * 2013-10-03 2015-10-23 Poujoulat NOISE ATTENUATING DEVICE FOR A SMOKE EXHAUST DUCT EQUIPPING A BOILER
CN107327650A (en) * 2017-08-01 2017-11-07 北京市劳动保护科学研究所 A kind of pipeline silencer and the pipe-line system with the silencer

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DE10333645A1 (en) 2005-02-24
EP1500798A1 (en) 2005-01-26

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