EP1447630B1 - System zum Kühlhalten von Lebensmitteln in einem Luftfahrzeug und Mittel zur Durchführung des Verfahrens - Google Patents

System zum Kühlhalten von Lebensmitteln in einem Luftfahrzeug und Mittel zur Durchführung des Verfahrens Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1447630B1
EP1447630B1 EP04290410A EP04290410A EP1447630B1 EP 1447630 B1 EP1447630 B1 EP 1447630B1 EP 04290410 A EP04290410 A EP 04290410A EP 04290410 A EP04290410 A EP 04290410A EP 1447630 B1 EP1447630 B1 EP 1447630B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
adsorbent
trolley
removable unit
aircraft
removable
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP04290410A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1447630A1 (de
Inventor
Luc Leroy
Bruno Alquier
Bertrand Halphen
Roland Tevels
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Airbus SAS
Zecools Zeolite Cooling System
Original Assignee
Airbus SAS
Zecools Zeolite Cooling System
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Airbus SAS, Zecools Zeolite Cooling System filed Critical Airbus SAS
Publication of EP1447630A1 publication Critical patent/EP1447630A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1447630B1 publication Critical patent/EP1447630B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D11/00—Self-contained movable devices, e.g. domestic refrigerators
    • F25D11/003—Transport containers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47B—TABLES; DESKS; OFFICE FURNITURE; CABINETS; DRAWERS; GENERAL DETAILS OF FURNITURE
    • A47B31/00—Service or tea tables, trolleys, or wagons
    • A47B31/02—Service or tea tables, trolleys, or wagons with heating, cooling or ventilating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B17/00—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating intermittently, e.g. absorption or adsorption type
    • F25B17/08—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating intermittently, e.g. absorption or adsorption type the absorbent or adsorbent being a solid, e.g. salt
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2400/00—General features of, or devices for refrigerators, cold rooms, ice-boxes, or for cooling or freezing apparatus not covered by any other subclass
    • F25D2400/38—Refrigerating devices characterised by wheels

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a system according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a system is known from the document FR-A-2,820,196 .
  • said trolleys When said feeds are to be loaded on board an aircraft, said trolleys are removed from said refrigerating plant, their doors are closed, and they are transferred on board said aircraft where they are arranged in storage lodgings in the galley, called galleys. .
  • the galley itself has a refrigerating device to allow proper storage of food.
  • the trolleys came out of the galleys, their doors are open and some foods are extracted to be heated in an oven of the edge. After handing over the food thus heated on the trays, the trolleys are moved, open doors, between the rows of seats of the aircraft for the distribution of the trays to the passengers.
  • the object of the present invention is to remedy these drawbacks by ensuring the continuity of the cold chain of said foodstuffs, while allowing the abolition of the on-board refrigeration device, which entails a saving in weight, costs and consumption of electrical energy on board.
  • the system for keeping cold foods arranged inside isothermal trolleys used on board aircraft comprises the features of claim 1.
  • each trolley is associated with at least one reactor, the adsorbent of which is easily regenerable outside the aircraft - which makes said trolley autonomous with respect to refrigeration-- it is it is possible to remove on board the aircraft the refrigeration apparatus of the lazarette.
  • reactors using adsorbents are well known in the art. They comprise an enclosure containing said adsorbent, a reservoir containing a liquid, such as water, whose vapor can be adsorbed by said adsorbent and a controllable communication between said enclosure and said tank. They operate at partial pressures between 0.5 millibars and several hundred millibars. As long as the communication between the chamber and the tank is closed, the reactor is stopped. On the other hand, as soon as said communication is open, the liquid of the tank evaporates, which causes the cooling of said tank, and the vapor of said liquid is adsorbed by said adsorbent, which causes the heating of said chamber.
  • adsorbents such as zeolite
  • said units containing the adsorbent are separable from said trolleys, only these units are addressed to said regeneration means, which makes it possible to limit the volume of the premises or stations containing these means.
  • said trolleys possibly not provided with such a removable unit, can be loaded with food and / or stored in the refrigeration plant of the laboratory.
  • the system comprises a plurality of interchangeable identical trolleys and a plurality of interchangeable removable units.
  • a removable unit whose reactor (s) are in working order, with a regenerated adsorbent. This greatly facilitates the problem of food loading on board aircraft and avoids blocking the ground of an aircraft due to failure of the trolley adsorption reactor.
  • said trolley comprises means for receiving such a removable unit, while the latter comprises retaining means able to cooperate with said trolley receiving means to be able to be assembled and dismounted. a block on it.
  • Said trolley receiving means and said retaining means of the removable unit may be in many embodiments allowing said removable unit to refer to said trolley, for example in the manner of a nestable lid or foldable.
  • said trolley receiving means is of the drawer slide type, while said detachable unit retaining means is of the slider type.
  • said removable unit can be mounted and disassembled on said trolley in the manner of a drawer.
  • said removable unit comprises a thermally insulating frame plate carrying, on one side, said enclosure containing the adsorbent and, on the other side, said reservoir containing the liquid, said communication controllable between said enclosure and said tank passing from one side to the other of said frame plate.
  • said frame plate carries said retaining means adapted to cooperate with said trolley receiving means. If, in addition, the connection of the mobile unit on the trolley is of the drawer type, said frame plate has two opposite parallel edges forming a slide and adapted to cooperate with said slide rails.
  • said removable unit may comprise at least one electric heating resistance, arranged for example in said enclosure containing the adsorbent.
  • said regeneration means outside the aircraft may then comprise only electrical power sources capable of supplying said electrical resistances of said removable units.
  • the regeneration stations of the adsorbent are particularly simple.
  • said means for regenerating the adsorbent may comprise at least one oven.
  • said furnace can be opened and closed by said frame plate, so that only said chamber containing the adsorbent is heated by said furnace , the reservoir of said removable unit being protected from the heat of the oven by said frame plate.
  • Said open oven may be elongated and means may be provided for moving said removable unit from one end to the other of said oven during the regeneration of said adsorbent. It is thus possible to regenerate a plurality of removable units continuously.
  • said regeneration means comprises means for cooling said reservoir during regeneration by heating said adsorbent.
  • the figure 1 is a view, in side elevation, of an embodiment of trolley used in the system according to the present invention, the door of said trolley being closed.
  • the figure 2 is a view from the front of the trolley of the figure 1 provided with a removable unit for producing cold, the door of said trolley being closed.
  • the figure 3 is a view from the front of the trolley of the figure 1 provided with said removable unit for producing cold, the door of said trolley being open and folded against a side face of the latter.
  • the figure 4 is a view similar to the figure 3 , said removable unit for producing cold having been output from said trolley.
  • the figure 5 is a top view of said removable cooling unit.
  • the figure 6 is a bottom view of said removable cold generating unit.
  • the figure 7 is a longitudinal section along line VII-VII of the figure 5 .
  • the figure 8 is a view from the front, with torn from the front, of the mobile unit of Figures 5 to 7 .
  • the figure 9 schematically illustrates means for regenerating the adsorbent of said cold production unit.
  • the trolley 1, shown on figures 1 and 2 present, in a usual manner, a parallelepipedal shape transversely flattened. It comprises a thermally insulating envelope 2, delimiting an interior volume 3, closable by a front door 4.
  • the door 4 is articulated by hinges 5, which allow it to be folded, in the open position, against an outer side face of the door. envelope 2 (see Figures 3 and 4 ).
  • the internal volume 3 is arranged with slides 6, fixed on the opposite inner lateral faces of said casing 2 and able to support and guide trays 7, only one of which is shown on the Figures 3 and 4 .
  • the trolley 1 further comprises, at the front and at the rear, wheel systems 8, which support the casing 2 and whose rotation can be blocked by pedals 9.
  • the interior volume 3 further comprises two slides 10 facing each other for a removable drawer 11, shown in the drawings. Figures 5 to 8 and visible on the Figures 2 and 3 .
  • Said drawer 11 comprises a thermally insulating frame plate 12, for example made of carbon fiber, of rectangular shape.
  • the upper face of the frame plate 12 carries an enclosure 13 containing a solid adsorbent such as zeolite.
  • the underside of said frame plate 12 carries a reservoir 14 containing a liquid, for example water, whose vapor is adsorbable by said adsorbent.
  • the reservoir 14 may be in the form of an arrangement of parallel tubes, connected to end collectors and provided with evaporator fins.
  • a communication 15 controllable by a valve 16 and passing through said frame plate 12.
  • the valve 16 can be controlled on opening and closing by a rotary end 17, for example square section.
  • enclosure 13 and said reservoir 14 can be placed under partial vacuum, by means not shown.
  • said slide 11 forms a removable unit comprising a reactor capable of producing cold by reversible solid / gas adsorption.
  • the slide 11 forms a front 18, carried by said frame plate 12 and orthogonal to the latter.
  • said frontage 18 comprises an opening 19, making it possible to pass a key (not shown) from the outside for the control of said rotary end 17.
  • the front face 18 there are mounted indicators 20, 21, 22, ... to give information on certain parameters of the reactor such as the level of water in the reservoir 14 (this level is of course representative of the saturation state of the adsorbent in the enclosure 13), the pressure in the reactor, etc.
  • the drawer 11, shown separately on the Figures 5 to 8 can be mounted (and disassembled) in the interior volume 3 of the trolley 1 so that the longitudinal edges 23 and 24 of the lower face of the chassis plate 12 rest and slide on the rails 10.
  • the front 18 of the drawer 11 In its nominal mounting position, which can be marked by a controllable locking device (not shown), the front 18 of the drawer 11 is flush with the frame of the opening of the door 4, with its upper part (including the opening 19 and the indicators 20 to 21) above said door 4 and its lower part below it (see Figures 2 and 3 ).
  • the tank-evaporator 14 is therefore in the interior volume 3, while the enclosure 13 is placed outside of it.
  • the reactors 13 to 16 generate heat at the level of the enclosures 13 outside the interior volume 3 of the trolleys 1. This heat is prevented from passing towards said interior volume 3 by the frame plates 12. It is further dissipated to the outside either by natural dissipation or by forced dissipation, for example by means of ventilation (not shown).
  • the number of drawers 11 is greater than the number of trolleys 1, so that, given the drawers 11 unavailable due to adsorbent regeneration and / or breakdowns, each trolley 1 before to be used can be equipped with a drawer 11 in working condition.
  • heating resistors 25, 26 can be provided inside thereof.
  • These regeneration stations can also, as illustrated on the figure 9 , comprising a bell oven 27, wherein said drawers 11 are supported by the edges of their frame plate 12, which closes said oven.
  • the enclosure 13 containing the adsorbent is heated by the oven 27 (arrows 28), the tank 14 being protected from heat by said frame plate 12.
  • fans 29, 30 may be provided to ventilate said tank 14.
  • furnace 27 has the shape of an elongated tunnel (orthogonal to the plane of the figure 9 ), means (not shown) may be provided for moving the drawers 11 from one end to the other of said furnace 27 during regeneration of the adsorbent.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)
  • Cold Air Circulating Systems And Constructional Details In Refrigerators (AREA)
  • General Preparation And Processing Of Foods (AREA)
  • Handcart (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. System zur Kühlung von Nahrungsmitteln im Inneren isothermer Rollwagen (1), die an Bord von Flugzeugen verwendet werden,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    - jeder Rollwagen (1) eine abnehmbare Einheit (11) umfasst, die als Block auf den erwähnten Rollwagen (1) aufgesetzt und davon abgenommen werden kann und in dessen Innerem Kälte produzieren kann, da die erwähnte abnehmbare Einheit (11) mindestens einen steuerbaren Reaktor für die reversible Feststoff-/Gasadsorption (13-16) mit einem regenerierbaren Adsorbens enthält; und
    - das erwähnte System, außerhalb der erwähnten Flugzeuge, Mittel zur Regeneration des erwähnten Adsorbens umfasst.
  2. System nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es eine Vielzahl von identischen, austauschbaren Rollwagen (1) und eine Vielzahl von identischen, austauschbaren abnehmbaren Einheiten (11) umfasst.
  3. System nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das erwähnte System, bei zumindest bestimmten Zwischenlandungen der erwähnten Flugzeuge, identische, austauschbare Rollwagen (1), identische, austauschbare abnehmbare Einheiten (11) und Mittel zur Regeneration des erwähnten Adsorbens umfasst.
  4. System nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jeder Rollwagen (1) Mittel (10) für die Aufnahme der erwähnten abnehmbaren Einheit (11) umfasst, die als Block auf den erwähnten Rollwagen (1) aufgesetzt und davon abgenommen werden kann.
  5. System nach Anspruch 4,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erwähnten Aufnahmemittel (10) vom Typ Gleitschienen für Laden sind.
  6. System nach einem der Ansprüche 4 oder 5,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erwähnte mobile Einheit (11) Haltemittel (23, 24) umfasst, die mit den erwähnten Aufnahmemitteln (10) des erwähnten Rollwagens zusammenwirken können, um die erwähnte Einheit (11) abnehmbar auf den erwähnten Rollwagen (1) aufzusetzen.
  7. System nach Anspruch 6, wenn dieser von Anspruch 5 abhängt,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erwähnten Haltemittel (23, 24) vom Typ Gleitschlitten für Laden sind, die mit den erwähnten Gleitschienen (10) zusammenwirken können.
  8. System nach einem der Ansprüche 6 oder 7, in dem der erwähnte Reaktor einen Raum (13), der das erwähnte Adsorbens enthält, einen Behälter (14) mit einer Flüssigkeit, deren Dampf durch das erwähnte Adsorbens adsorbiert werden kann, und eine steuerbare Verbindung (15, 16, 17) zwischen dem erwähnten Raum und dem erwähnten Behälter umfasst,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erwähnte abnehmbare Einheit (11) eine wärmeisolierende Trägerplatte (12) umfasst, zu deren beiden Seiten der erwähnte Raum (13) und der erwähnte Behälter (14) angeordnet sind, wobei die steuerbare Verbindung (15, 16, 17) von einer Seite der erwähnten Trägerplatte (12) zur anderen verläuft.
  9. System nach den Ansprüchen 6 und 8,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erwähnte Trägerplatte (12) die erwähnten Haltemittel (23, 24) trägt, die mit den erwähnten Aufnahmemitteln (10) des erwähnten Rollwagens (1) zusammenwirken können.
  10. System nach den Ansprüchen 7 und 9,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erwähnte Trägerplatte (12) zwei parallele, einander gegenüber liegende Ränder (23, 24) aufweist, welche einen Gleitschlitten formen und mit den erwähnten Gleitschienen (10) des erwähnten Rollwagens (1) so zusammenwirken können, dass die erwähnte abnehmbare Einheit (11) wie eine Lade in den erwähnten Rollwagen (1) eingeschoben und aus diesem herausgezogen werden kann.
  11. System nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 10, in dem das erwähnte Adsorbens durch Erwärmung regeneriert werden kann,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erwähnte abnehmbare Einheit (11) mindestens einen elektrischen Widerstand (25, 26) umfasst, um das erwähnte Adsorbens zur Regeneration zu erwärmen.
  12. System nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 10, in dem das erwähnte Adsorbens durch Erwärmung regeneriert werden kann,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erwähnten Mittel zur Regeneration des Adsorbens der erwähnten abnehmbaren Einheit (11) einen offenen Ofen (27) umfassen, der durch die erwähnte Trägerplatte (12) so abgedichtet wird, dass nur der erwähnte Raum (13), welcher das Adsorbens enthält, durch den erwähnten Ofen erwärmt wird, wobei der Behälter (14) der erwähnten abnehmbaren Einheit (11) durch die erwähnte Trägerplatte (12) vor der Hitze des Ofens geschützt ist.
  13. System nach Anspruch 12,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erwähnten Mittel zur Regeneration des Adsorbens Mittel (29, 30) zur Kühlung des erwähnten Behälters (14) während der Regeneration durch Erwärmung des erwähnten Adsorbens umfassen.
  14. System nach einem der Ansprüche 12 oder 13,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der erwähnte offene Ofen (27) verlängert ist und dass die erwähnten Mittel zur Kühlung des Adsorbens Mittel zur Verschiebung der erwähnten abnehmbaren Einheit (11) von einem Ende zum anderen des erwähnten Ofens während der Regeneration des erwähnten Adsorbens umfassen.
EP04290410A 2003-02-17 2004-02-13 System zum Kühlhalten von Lebensmitteln in einem Luftfahrzeug und Mittel zur Durchführung des Verfahrens Expired - Lifetime EP1447630B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0301881A FR2851329B1 (fr) 2003-02-17 2003-02-17 Procede de maintien au froid d'aliments a bord d'aeronefs et moyen de mise en oeuvre
FR0301881 2003-02-17

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1447630A1 EP1447630A1 (de) 2004-08-18
EP1447630B1 true EP1447630B1 (de) 2010-04-07

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EP04290410A Expired - Lifetime EP1447630B1 (de) 2003-02-17 2004-02-13 System zum Kühlhalten von Lebensmitteln in einem Luftfahrzeug und Mittel zur Durchführung des Verfahrens

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US (1) US6941764B2 (de)
EP (1) EP1447630B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE463705T1 (de)
DE (1) DE602004026376D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2851329B1 (de)

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Publication number Publication date
DE602004026376D1 (de) 2010-05-20
US6941764B2 (en) 2005-09-13
EP1447630A1 (de) 2004-08-18
US20040194487A1 (en) 2004-10-07
ATE463705T1 (de) 2010-04-15
FR2851329A1 (fr) 2004-08-20
FR2851329B1 (fr) 2006-02-03

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