Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
  • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
  • D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
  • D04H1/4334—Polyamides
  • D04H1/4342—Aromatic polyamides
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A41—WEARING APPAREL
  • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
  • A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
  • A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
  • A41D31/08—Heat resistant; Fire retardant
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
  • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
  • D04H1/4282—Addition polymers
  • D04H1/4291—Olefin series
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
  • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
  • D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
  • D04H1/43835—Mixed fibres, e.g. at least two chemically different fibres or fibre blends
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
  • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
  • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
  • D04H1/74—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being orientated, e.g. in parallel (anisotropic fleeces)
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
  • D10B2331/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides
  • D10B2331/021—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides aromatic polyamides, e.g. aramides
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
  • Y10T442/50—FELT FABRIC

Definitions

• the present invention relates to yarns and fabrics that present simultaneously high flameproof, heat resistant, and insulating characteristics, to their manufacturing process, and to their use for the manufacturing of flameproof, heat resistant, and insulating products.
• the fabrics manufactured with the above-mentioned fibres even with their various advantages, nevertheless also present various disadvantages that make their use uncomfortable; in particular, the products manufactured with these fabrics have a significant permeability to heat (and thus, even if they are fireproof, do not allow the operator to be exposed for a long time to the heat source) and, in contact with flames, easily tend to melt or carbonize, and then to disintegrate. Moreover, these materials are difficult to be processed when they have to be manufactured (as, for example, in the manufacturing of fireproof garments).
• the present invention relates to yarns and fabrics comprising pre-anodized acrylic fibres, possibly mixed to aramidic, meta-aramidic, and para-aramidic fibres in the suitable percentages. Detailed description of the invention
• the present invention allows to overcome the above-mentioned problems, thanks to yarns and fabrics comprising the fibres as defined above.
• pre-anodized acrylic fibres we mean the fibres having this name normally used in the textile field, as for example those manufactured by Ashai Chemicals (LASTAN®), Toho Rajon (PIROMEX®), SGL (PANOX®), and Zoltek (PYRON®), and their blends.
• aramidic, meta-aramidic, and para-aramidic fibres defined according to the invention are those already normally used in the textile field (see for example those manufactured by DuPont) for the manufacturing of fireproof fabrics (see for example the already mentioned NOMEX® and KEVLAR®).
• the fabrics according to the present invention can be wholly composed by pre- anodized fibres, or can present a content in pre-anodized acrylic fibres between 50 and 90% (in weight calculated on the total) and a content in aramidic or meta- aramidic or para-aramidic fibres (or their blend) between 50 and 10% (in weight calculated on the total).
• the fabrics comprising 70% of pre-anodized acrylic fibres and 30% of aramidic or meta-aramidic or para-aramidic fibres (or their blend) are particularly preferred.
• these fabrics are easier to be processed, for example when it is necessary to manufacture fireproof garments (and, at the same time, they are able to resist flames, and have insulating properties) and moreover present a special resistance to tear and cut (for example when KEVLAR® is used).
• the yarns and fabrics according to the present invention can be prepared, for example, accordinging to the process related here following and subject too to this patent application.
• the fibres, in flocks are spun obtaining both single and twisted yarns, having a metric number (that is metres, in thousands, per 1 Kg) between 10 and 60.
• the yarns are dried by heating them on hot rolls (calendering).
• the yarns so obtained can then be used in the manufacturing operations according to the normal weaving techniques of fabrics having any type of weave, for example from plain weave to satin, in which the yarn can be both woven and warped.
• the fabrics so obtained then undergo the normal scouring with water and/or solvents.
• the fabrics according to the present invention find a very wide use, for example in the manufacturing of protective clothing for fire- fighting operations, and military, industrial, sports use, etc.
• they can be used in the manufacturing of structures useful for the protection of materials and plants from fire, or the flameproof textile upholstery and accessories for furnishing public areas like cinemas, theatres, discotheques, seats, etc..
• the fabrics comprising only pre-anodized fibres have an exceptional heat resistance, that make them particularly suited to the manufacture of insulating elements (for example panels for fire doors, carters for protecting engines or machine parts, insulating elements for boots and similar equipment, etc.).
• insulating elements for example panels for fire doors, carters for protecting engines or machine parts, insulating elements for boots and similar equipment, etc.
• the felt ones are specially preferred.
• the felt ones are specially preferred.
• this type of fabric has a low resistance, and therefore its use is limited; this is specially true in the fire protection applications, because any tear in the fabric would compromise its function.
• the felt according to the present invention is prepared, for example, according to the process hereinafter described which is also a subject of the present application.
• the pre-anodized fibres, in flocks, are turned into veils through the carding process; these veils are then needle felted so as to obtain the desired uniformity and solidity in the finished product.
• the product's solidity is a function of the number of veils, the number of needles per square metres used, and the number of beatings carried out in the needle felting process (the higher the number of veils, needles, and beatings, the more solid ans resistant the product will be).
• the felts having an areal mass higher than 100 g/m 2 are specially preferred.
• finished felts having various thickness can be needle felted together, with the same number of needles and beatings previously specified; this so as to obtain new finished felts having a total number of veils, needles used, and beatings that are the sum of the veils, needles, and beatings of the original felts. This further improves the toughness and resistance of the finished product.
• the felt after being needle felted, can be quilted with a yam, in more or less large stitches, containing 100% of pre-anodized acrylic fibres, or these pre-anodized acrylic fibres in a blend with aramidic, or metal-aramidic, or para-aramidic fibres; or with a yarn comprising 100% aramidic, or metal-aramidic, or para-aramidic fibres; or again, during the needle felting process a net made in a mechanically resistant material (for example a Kevlar ® net) that will make up a weave for the same felt can be added inside the felt.
• a mechanically resistant material for example a Kevlar ® net
• the net can be applied on one of the felt surfaces through the usual lamination or sizing techniques.
• the above-mentioned processes, that are an integral part of the invention, are targeted, and allow to obtain a resistance and a toughness currently not available in the state of the art.
• the felts manufactured according to the invention comprising 100% in pre- anodized acrylic fibres like PANOX ® and LASTAN ® , underwent some resistance tests that gave the following results:
• Breaking stretch 37 % Transversal Average breaking force 20,5 N Average breaking force 2,09 Kg
• the drilling time has been higher than 3 minutes, and the temperature at the opposite side, at 3 cm from the felt, before the drilling, never exceeded 50° C.
• This behaviour makes the use of felts manufactured with this technique available as stuffing both for furniture and clothing use; up to now this was not possible with the said materials, due to their low resistance.
• the fabric according to the present invention can be laminated, sized, spread, and quilted with any other type of fabric to give the garment the desired characteristics.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Woven Fabrics (AREA)
• Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
• Artificial Filaments (AREA)
• Inorganic Fibers (AREA)
• Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)
• Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

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ID=11442242

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (8)

Cited By (1)

Families Citing this family (4)

Family Cites Families (9)

• 2001
  • 2001-07-18 IT IT2001FI000136A patent/ITFI20010136A1/it unknown
• 2002
  • 2002-07-17 CN CNA028143604A patent/CN1533455A/zh active Pending
  • 2002-07-17 US US10/484,180 patent/US20040157521A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2002-07-17 CA CA002454279A patent/CA2454279A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2002-07-17 AT AT02787135T patent/ATE397111T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2002-07-17 WO PCT/EP2002/007950 patent/WO2003008689A1/en active IP Right Grant
  • 2002-07-17 DE DE60226883T patent/DE60226883D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2002-07-17 EP EP02787135A patent/EP1425453B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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