CN1606641A - 用于防止热作用的防护服的耐火衬里材料 - Google Patents

用于防止热作用的防护服的耐火衬里材料 Download PDF

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CN1606641A
CN1606641A CNA028256735A CN02825673A CN1606641A CN 1606641 A CN1606641 A CN 1606641A CN A028256735 A CNA028256735 A CN A028256735A CN 02825673 A CN02825673 A CN 02825673A CN 1606641 A CN1606641 A CN 1606641A
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fiber
refractory liner
liner material
fibre
wool
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W·谢弗
E·林克
H·雷蒂格
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Carl Freudenberg KG
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Abstract

一种用于防护服的耐火衬里材料由一种通过用高压流体束处理而加强的单位面积重量为40至200g/m2无纺布制成，其中所述无纺布含有20至50％重量百分比的绵羊毛和50至80％重量百分比的至少一种合成阻燃纤维。

Description

用于防止热作用的防护服的耐火衬里材料
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于防护服的耐火衬里材料，它由一种通过用高压流体束处理加强的单位面积重量为40至200g/m2的无纺布制成。
防护服中的衬里材料能够使穿着者免受热作用。因此用相应衬里装备救火服装、电弧效应防护服如大电流电工防护服、焊接工防护服或赛车防护服。并在这里用作防火焰作用或红外辐射保护的热绝缘隔层。
背景技术
由文献US 5,534,325已知由附加地含有蛭石的合成阻燃纤维制成的水束针刺无纺布。这种无纺布尤其在民航的座椅中用作阻燃制品。尽管这种材料由于高的耐温性、良好的隔热能力以及非常高的耐火性而与众不同，但是由于其微弱的透水性、不良的衣着生理特性和由此受局限的穿着舒适性而不适于作为防护服。
文献GB 2 245 606描述了耐火衬里材料，它们由无纺布制成并在其中混入羊毛纤维、丙烯腈系纤维、芳族聚酰胺纤维、聚酰胺纤维、聚苯并咪唑纤维或粘胶纤维并通过粘结剂或粘结纤维在梳理后热粘结。
此外由文献US 4,849,280已知一种用于防火服的层压制品，它由一个由羊毛和一种具有高温特性的纤维混和物制成的第一无纺布层和一个由羊毛和耐高温纤维制成的第二编织层组成。从该文献不能看出关于加强工艺和单位面积重量以及其触觉特性方面的说明。
发明内容
本发明的目的是，提供一种开头所述形式的耐火衬里材料，它在耐火和耐热性和保养处理后的尺寸稳定性方面满足所有的国内和国际标准的要求，例如在消防领域(多功能消防防护服的制造和检验的说明-HuPf，欧洲标准-EN469，美国标准-NFPA 1971或AS 4967-2001)。此外耐火衬里材料应该具有较好的穿着舒适性、柔软的手感以及良好的水蒸气吸收能力和透湿性。
按照本发明上述目的通过一种耐火衬里材料来实现，所述材料由一种通过高压流体束加强的单位面积重量为40至100g/m2的无纺布制成并含有20至50重量百分比的绵羊毛以及50至80重量百分比的至少一种合成阻燃纤维。按照本发明的耐火衬里材料具有通过根据美国标准NFPA1971-2000的TPP(Thermal Protective Performance)值所确定的在厚度为0.5至2.0mm时为31至55的隔热能力和8至25％的吸湿能力。
有利的是，按照本发明的耐火衬里材料具有50至100g/m2的单位面积重量。尽管单位面积重量很轻，也能够获得可与目前已知材料相当的隔热能力，即衬里材料的重量可以减少到约一半。
所述耐火衬里材料是一种这样的衬里材料，其中绵羊毛纤维具有15至30mμ的纤维细度和30至51mm的短纤长度而合成阻燃纤维具有1.2至3.5dtex的纤维纤度和20至120mm的短纤长度。按照本发明的纤维细度和短纤长度使得可以形成非常均匀的纤维分布并形成一种耐火的衬里材料，其机械强度在明显降低单位面积重量的条件下无需用一种织造材料的附加强化也可实现所要求的尺寸稳定性。
有利的是，所述合成阻燃纤维由间芳族聚酰胺纤维、对芳族聚酰胺纤维、三聚氰胺树脂纤维、聚酰胺酰亚胺纤维、聚酰胺纤维、聚苯并咪唑纤维和/或Preox纤维制成。但是最好使用对芳族聚酰胺纤维和三聚氰胺树脂纤维或聚酰胺酰亚胺纤维的混合物作为合成耐火纤维。最好使用由精梳的美利奴羊毛获得的那种羊毛纤维作为羊毛纤维。这种纤维的纤维细度和短纤长度使得可以制造出具有非常轻的单位面积重量、非常好的触觉特性和必要的尺寸稳定性的按照本发明的耐火衬里材料。为了进一步改善阻燃特性，可以用一种阻燃介质如氟锆酸钾(K2ZrF6)浸渍羊毛纤维。
按照本发明的耐火衬里材料以这种方法进行加工，将纤维均匀混合并在梳理机(Krempelmaschine)或粗梳机(Kardiermaschine)加工成纤维网，通过在一个高压流体束设备中在20至235bar的压力下进行至少单侧的处理而加强，以及接着在190至215℃的温度下进行干燥。
按照本发明使用所述耐火衬里材料作为隔湿(Nssesperre)和/或具有衬层材料的至少双层的绗缝多层制品(Steppverbund)的底布。
具体实施方式
下面通过两个实施例说明本发明。
示例1：将短纤长度为50至75mm、纤维细度为17至25mμ的30％重量百分比的精梳美利奴羊毛与纤维纤度为2.2dtex、短纤长度为50mm的35％重量百分比的三聚氰胺树脂纤维以及纤维纤度为1.7dtex、短纤长度为40mm的35％重量百分比的对芳族聚酰胺纤维进行均匀地混合并在一个粗梳机里加工成纤维网。在一个喷水设备上在130至235bar的压力下进行加强。所获得的耐火衬里材料的单位面积重量为55至65g/m2并且在厚度为0.95mm时的TPP值为35。吸湿能力为13％。
示例2：将一种由短纤长度为45至70mm、纤维细度为17至25mμ的40％重量百分比的精梳美利奴羊毛和短纤长度为60mm、纤维纤度为2.2dtex的60％重量百分比的聚酰胺酰亚胺纤维的混合物与示例1一样加工成单位面积重量为60至90g/m2的耐火衬里材料，并得到在厚度为0.9至1.3mm时34至42的TPP值和约19％的吸湿能力。

Claims (9)

1.用于防护服的由通过高压流体束处理加强的单位面积重量为40至200g/m2无纺布制成的耐火衬里材料，其特征在于，所述无纺布含有20至50％重量百分比的绵羊毛和50至80％重量百分比的至少一种合成阻燃纤维。
2.如权利要求1所述的耐火衬里材料，其特征在于，所述无纺布的单位面积重量为50至100g/m2。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的耐火衬里材料，其特征在于，所述绵羊毛纤维的纤维细度为15至30μm而短纤长度为30至150mm，所述合成阻燃纤维的纤维纤度为1.2至3.5dtex以及短纤长度为20至120mm。
4.如权利要求1所述的耐火衬里材料，其特征在于，所述合成阻燃纤维由m-芳族聚酰胺纤维、p-芳族聚酰胺纤维、三聚氰胺树脂纤维、聚酰胺酰亚胺纤维、聚酰胺纤维、聚苯并咪唑纤维和/或Preox纤维制成。
5.如权利要求4所述的耐火衬里材料，其特征在于，所述合成阻燃纤维由对胺聚酰胺纤维、三聚氰胺树脂纤维、聚酰胺酰亚胺纤维制成。
6.如权利要求1所述的耐火衬里材料，其特征在于，所述羊毛由精梳美利奴羊毛制成。
7.如权利要求1或6所述的耐火衬里材料，其特征在于，用一种阻燃介质浸渍所述羊毛。
8.一种用于加工如权利要求1至7中任一项或多项所述耐火衬里材料的方法，其特征在于，将所述纤维均匀地混合并通过梳理机或粗梳机加工成纤维网，通过用一个高压流体束设备在20至235bar的压力下至少单侧的处理而加强，以及接着在190至215℃的温度下进行干燥。
9.应用如权利要求1至7中任一项或多项所述耐火衬里材料作为隔湿和/或具有一衬层材料的至少双层的绗缝多层制品的底布。
CNA028256735A 2001-12-21 2002-07-27 用于防止热作用的防护服的耐火衬里材料 Pending CN1606641A (zh)

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