EP1410680B1 - Planar loudspeaker - Google Patents

Planar loudspeaker Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1410680B1
EP1410680B1 EP01965127A EP01965127A EP1410680B1 EP 1410680 B1 EP1410680 B1 EP 1410680B1 EP 01965127 A EP01965127 A EP 01965127A EP 01965127 A EP01965127 A EP 01965127A EP 1410680 B1 EP1410680 B1 EP 1410680B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bridge
plate
planar diaphragm
diaphragm loudspeaker
loudspeaker
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP01965127A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1410680A1 (en
Inventor
Wolfgang Bachmann
Gerhard Krump
Hans-Jürgen Regl
Andreas Ziganki
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Harman Becker Automotive Systems GmbH
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Harman Becker Automotive Systems GmbH
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04RLOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/02Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
    • H04R7/04Plane diaphragms
    • H04R7/045Plane diaphragms using the distributed mode principle, i.e. whereby the acoustic radiation is emanated from uniformly distributed free bending wave vibration induced in a stiff panel and not from pistonic motion

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a plate loudspeaker with a light, thin, to multiple reflected bending waves stimulable sound plate, a circumferential, the sound plate articulated holding frame, at least one connected to the sound board driver for exciting the sound panel and at least one at least one driver with the frame firmly connecting bridge.
  • Multiresonanzplattenlaut Breeder wherein occurring in the operating frequency range, weakly damped bending waves are reflected at the plate edge, so that as a result of the formation of standing waves, the membrane is a multiple resonator.
  • Such multi-resonant panel loudspeakers are also referred to as “multi-resonant sound panels”, “flexural wave loudspeakers” or “distributed mode speakers”. Even with such speakers, the plate is usually free, so not part of a closed box.
  • electrodynamic disk drivers can be basically fixed floating on the plate, ie without support on a frame.
  • the mass of the magnet system then forms the dynamic counter bearing for the application of force to the plate to be driven (principle of the "seismic mass").
  • the heavy magnet systems of the drivers apply gravity to the plate via their corrugations. Due to the low strength of the beads, they will perform a creeping settlement motion with time due to gravity, resulting in an eccentric, irreversible maladjustment of the voice coils.
  • the setting direction is not directed eccentrically (radially) but in the direction of the voice coil axis.
  • bridge resonator Due to the relatively large span, such a bridge will usually act as a leaf spring, which together with the mass of the fixed to the bridge driver forms a low-damping spring-mass vibration system. At the resonant frequency lying in the bass range, this vibration system (bridge resonator) will perform strong deflections without it noticeably radiate sound. The strong deflections in bridge resonance can overload the voice coil centering and lead to the destruction of the driver.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a plate speaker with settlement protection, in which the dynamic side effects of such a settlement protection can be avoided.
  • the bridge or at least one of the bridges with a (preferably rigid) damper plate is connected or that the damper plate itself is a part of the bridge or at least one of the bridges.
  • the bridge not only carries the driver or drivers, but also the damper plate.
  • the bridge resonance frequency can be tuned for example by mass adaptation. Namely, the bridge resonance is determined by the ratio of spring constant to total bridge mass with all elements attached thereto. Regardless of the attenuation given by the plate surface of the damper plate, by varying the plate thickness or the plate density of the damper plate, the mass can be adjusted so that the radiation contribution of the damper plate fits favorably into the acoustic spectrum of the multi-resonant panel loudspeaker.
  • the bridge resonance frequency can be tuned by spring adaptation.
  • the area moment of inertia and thus the spring constant can be adjusted by changing, for example, the cross-sectional profile of the bridge so that the resonance zone of the bridge fits favorably into the acoustic spectrum of the multi-resonant plate speaker.
  • At least one bridge is designed as an air-permeable framework. But it can also be formed as an air-impermeable flat box cover at least one bridge.
  • the damper plate has a smaller area than the sound plate. Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the damper plate is designed in a lightweight, very rigid sandwich design. Such a sandwich design is for example from the EP 0 924 959 known.
  • connection points between the bridge (s) and damper plate can lie in the area of the nodal lines of the first two modes of vibration of the damper plate.
  • At least one bridge consists of a prismatic rod, the bridge the not completely covered by the frame given, the sound plate opposite surface.
  • At least one bridge is designed as a regular lattice work and / or as a perforated plate.
  • At least one bridge is resilient and part of an airtight flat box, with all the outer components of this flat box itself are impermeable to air and are connected to each other impermeable to air.
  • the flat box can have a bass reflex opening (also a bass reflex tube).
  • at least one bridge may be formed as a rigid plate and be connected by a circumferential bridge bead with the damper plate.
  • a chamber can be attached to the flat box, wherein the chamber can also have a bass reflex opening (also a bass reflex tube). Alternatively, however, the chamber may also be airtight. Finally, the chamber may also have a passive radiator.
  • the plate loudspeaker according to the invention thus represents in its acoustic effect an asymmetrical two-plate loudspeaker, since the main, front-facing, the listener facing sound plate forms a multi-resonant acoustic sound plate, while the back, remote from the listener, smaller damper plate is acoustically a rigid plate.
  • the degree of damping can be adjusted directly over the surface of the damper plate. The larger the plate, the greater the damping achieved.
  • An additional improvement The low-frequency sound radiation of the panel loudspeaker can be achieved in that the damper plate is designed as a rigid plate and thus not only damps the bridge resonance vibration, but also contributes to the sound radiation in the low frequency range.
  • the low frequency range is always affected by the dipole short circuit in free multiresonance sound discs. The additional sound radiation partially compensates for this dipole short circuit.
  • a particular advantage of the asymmetrical two-plate loudspeaker lies in the simple drive technology. While well-known monopoly drivers (cf. DE 198 218 62 ) arranged back-to-back single drivers, alternatively arranged side-by-side single drivers or complicated double voice coil assemblies, according to the invention only at least one known conventional disk driver is needed.
  • the frame is sealed in such a way that the sound plate and damper plate form the radiating surfaces of an otherwise closed flat box, then the two plates work in opposite directions in the low frequency range.
  • the arrangement of the two plates then forms a "low-monopole", ie a breathing ball with partially inactive zones.
  • such a flat box arrangement it is ventilated in a controlled manner.
  • one or more bass reflex openings are provided, through which the inside air can flow in the correct phase, so that a further improvement of the low-frequency behavior is achieved.
  • the ventilation of the flat box at the same time avoids the unfavorable effect of too rigid air suspension.
  • the sealing of the rigid damper plate which is not originally intended for sound radiation and is located in a plane with the rear flat box wall, can be formed as a sheet-like leaf spring, so that an increased emission surface is achieved with the associated increased radiation damping.
  • This flat spring detunes the spring constant of the original bridge, which has to be considered in the resonance tuning.
  • a plate loudspeaker according to the invention in the form of an asymmetric two-plate loudspeaker 1 is provided as a sound panel 2, which is designed as a multi-resonant sound plate and is characterized in consequence of a low mass, high bending stiffness, low bending wave damping and a cantilever frame attachment.
  • a rigid, mostly rotating frame 3 holds the sound plate 2 via a rotating plate bearing 4, as a shear-resistant joint acts.
  • a bridge 13, for example, in the form of a slender prismatic rod is laterally (or rearwardly) connected via a rigid connection 8 with the magnet system 6 of a driver and at the same time at the distal ends of the magnet with the frame.
  • the inventive, free, asymmetrical two-plate loudspeaker-1 has a damper plate 14, which is attached to the prepared bridge 13 of the sound panel 2 facing away.
  • the large plate surface of the damper plate 14 is aligned approximately plane-parallel to the large plate surface of the sound plate 2.
  • FIG. 2 shows in section a further preferred embodiment of a designed as a free, asymmetrical two-plate loudspeaker 12 speaker plate according to the invention, wherein the damper plate 14 is attached directly to the magnet system 6.
  • Relatively short bridge bars 16 connect the damper plate 14 with the frame 3.
  • the damper plate 14 is a widened part of the bridge 15 formed from the bridge bars 16 and thus exercises the Function of the bridge 15 as a static weight relief.
  • the large plate surface of the damper plate 14 is again aligned approximately plane-parallel to the large plate surface of the sound plate 2.
  • the in FIG. 2 shown embodiment with the in FIG. 1 illustrated embodiment match.
  • FIG. 3 a further preferred embodiment of a plate loudspeaker according to the invention as a free asymmetrical two-plate speaker 17, wherein in contrast to the in FIG. 2 shown embodiment, only the bridge bars 16 are replaced by a rotating plate spring 18.
  • the static function of the disc spring 18 is the same as that of the rods 16 in FIG. 2 , but results in a different acoustic behavior.
  • the sound panel 2 is in fact shielded against a possibly present, near building wall and thus forms a helpful measure against the undesirable "wall effect".
  • FIG. 4 is a closed, asymmetrical two-plate speaker 19 is provided, in contrast to FIG. 3 all remaining ventilation openings 11 have been closed.
  • the back, acting as a plate spring cover 20 consequently has no pores or openings.
  • the caused by the cover 20 suspension is substantially hardened by the compression suspension of the trapped air.
  • FIG. 5 shows in section an asymmetric two-plate bass reflex speaker 21 formed according to the invention plate speakers.
  • a bass reflex tube 23 inserted into an opening in the frame 3. This results in a further possibility of tunable, low-frequency filling of the sensitivity spectrum in addition to the bridge resonance.
  • FIG. 6 is different from the one in FIG. 5 shown embodiment in that an inventive asymmetric two-plate loudspeaker 24 starting from the embodiment according to FIG. 5 a rigid plate bridge 25 and a bridge bead 26, wherein the damper plate 14 is vibrationally connected via the bridge bead 26 with the plate bridge 25.
  • the plate bridge 25 is attached to the frame 3.
  • asymmetrical two-plate two-chamber loudspeaker 27 comprises starting from the embodiment according to FIG. 6 in addition to the rigid plate bridge 25 and the bridge bead 26, a second chamber 28, which is equipped with a bass reflex tube 29.
  • the second chamber 28 adjoins the rear end of the two-plate two-chamber loudspeaker 27, that is to say the side of the two-plate two-chamber loudspeaker 27 enclosing the damper plate 14.
  • the second chamber 28 may also be closed or have a passive radiator 29.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Audible-Bandwidth Dynamoelectric Transducers Other Than Pickups (AREA)
  • Obtaining Desirable Characteristics In Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a planar loudspeaker with a light, thin sounding board (2) which may be energised to give multiply reflected flexural waves, a frame (3), surrounding the sounding board (2) and holding the above in an articulated, shear-resistant manner, at least one driver (6, 7, 9, 10) connected to the sounding board (2) for energising the sounding board (2) and at least one bridge (13, 16, 18, 20, 22, 25), rigidly connecting the at least one driver (6, 7, 9, 10) to the frame (3), whereby the bridge or at least one of the bridges (13, 16, 18, 20, 22, 25) is connected to a damping board (14).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Plattenlautsprecher mit einer leichten, dünnen, zu vielfach reflektierten Biegewellen anregbaren Klangplatte, einem umlaufenden, die Klangplatte gelenkig festhaltenden Rahmen, mindestens einem mit der Klangplatte in Verbindung stehenden Treiber zum Anregen der Klangplatte und mindestens einer den mindestens einen Treiber mit dem Rahmen fest verbindenden Brücke.The invention relates to a plate loudspeaker with a light, thin, to multiple reflected bending waves stimulable sound plate, a circumferential, the sound plate articulated holding frame, at least one connected to the sound board driver for exciting the sound panel and at least one at least one driver with the frame firmly connecting bridge.

Aus der US 5,701,359 sind beispielsweise Starrplattenlautsprecher bekannt, die nach dem Prinzip des freien Kolbens arbeiten, wobei die klangabstrahlende Fläche ("Membran") starr (wie ein "Kolben") ist. Das bedeutet, dass die klangabstrahlende Fläche im Betriebsfrequenzbereich keine nennenswerten Biegeschwingungen ausführt und die als klangabstrahlende Fläche vorgesehene starre Platte frei ist, also offen und nicht luftdicht von einem Gehäuse eingefasst ist.From the US 5,701,359 For example, rigid panel loudspeakers are known which operate on the principle of the free piston, wherein the sound radiating surface ("membrane") is rigid (like a "piston"). This means that the sound radiating surface in the operating frequency range performs no appreciable bending vibrations and provided as a sound radiating surface rigid plate is free, so is open and not airtight enclosed by a housing.

Des weiteren sind beispielsweise aus der WO 97/09842 Multiresonanzplattenlautsprecher bekannt, wobei im Betriebsfrequenzbereich auftretende, schwach gedämpfte Biegewellen am Plattenrand reflektiert werden, so dass in Folge der Ausbildung stehender Wellen die Membran zu einem Vielfachresonator wird. Derartige Multiresonanzplattenlautsprecher werden auch als "Multiresonanzklangplatten", "Biegewellenlautsprecher" oder "Distributed Mode Speakers" bezeichnet. Auch bei derartigen Lautsprechern ist die Platte meistens frei, also nicht Teil einer geschlossenen Box.Furthermore, for example, from the WO 97/09842 Multiresonanzplattenlautsprecher known, wherein occurring in the operating frequency range, weakly damped bending waves are reflected at the plate edge, so that as a result of the formation of standing waves, the membrane is a multiple resonator. Such multi-resonant panel loudspeakers are also referred to as "multi-resonant sound panels", "flexural wave loudspeakers" or "distributed mode speakers". Even with such speakers, the plate is usually free, so not part of a closed box.

Die üblichen elektrodynamischen Plattentreiber (siehe beispielsweise DE 199 409 30 ) können grundsätzlich schwimmend auf der Platte fixiert werden, d. h. ohne Abstützung an einem Rahmen. Die Masse des Magnetsystems bildet dann das dynamische Gegenlager für die Kraftausübung auf die anzutreibende Platte (Prinzip der "seismischen Masse").The usual electrodynamic disk drivers (see for example DE 199 409 30 ) can be basically fixed floating on the plate, ie without support on a frame. The mass of the magnet system then forms the dynamic counter bearing for the application of force to the plate to be driven (principle of the "seismic mass").

Wird die Platte derart betrieben, dass die Plattennormale in etwa senkrecht zur Schwerbeschleunigung liegt, dann üben die schweren Magnetsysteme der Treiber über ihre Sicken eine Schwerkraft auf die Platte aus. Auf Grund der geringen Festigkeit der Sicken werden diese mit der Zeit in Folge der Schwerkraft eine kriechende Setzungsbewegung ausführen, was eine exzentrisch wirkende, irreversible Dejustierung der Schwingspulen zur Folge hat. Eine solche Setzung tritt zwar auch bei waagrechter Montage wie etwa bei Deckenpanelen auf, jedoch ist dann die Setzungsrichtung nicht exzentrisch (radial) gerichtet, sondern in Richtung der Schwingspulenachse.If the plate is operated such that the plate normal is approximately perpendicular to the gravitational acceleration, then the heavy magnet systems of the drivers apply gravity to the plate via their corrugations. Due to the low strength of the beads, they will perform a creeping settlement motion with time due to gravity, resulting in an eccentric, irreversible maladjustment of the voice coils. Although such a setting also occurs in the case of horizontal mounting, such as ceiling panels, for example, the setting direction is not directed eccentrically (radially) but in the direction of the voice coil axis.

Um dem zerstörerischen, exzentrischen Kriech-Effekt vorzubeugen, werden bei senkrecht zu betreibenden Plattenlautsprechern die Treiber so an sogenannten "Brücken" fixiert, dass ihr Gewicht keine Scherkraft auf die Platte ausüben kann. Diese Brücken ("Traversen", "Gantries") werden an Rahmen befestigt, die ihrerseits die Platte am umlaufenden Rand scherfest gelenkig lagern.In order to prevent the destructive, eccentric creep effect, the drivers are fixed to so-called "bridges" in perpendicular to be operated plate speakers so that their weight can exert no shear force on the plate. These bridges ("trusses", "Gantries") are attached to frames, which in turn store the plate at the peripheral edge shear-resistant.

Auf Grund der relativ großen Spannweite wird eine solche Brücke meistens als Blattfeder wirken, die zusammen mit der Masse des an der Brücke fixierten Treibers ein dämpfungsarmes Feder-Masse-Schwingungssystem bildet. Bei der im Bassbereich liegenden Resonanzfrequenz wird dieses Schwingungssystem (Brückenresonator) starke Auslenkungen ausführen ohne dabei merklich Schall abzustrahlen. Die starken Auslenkungen bei Brückenresonanz können die Schwingspulenzentrierung überlasten und zur Zerstörung des Treibers führen.Due to the relatively large span, such a bridge will usually act as a leaf spring, which together with the mass of the fixed to the bridge driver forms a low-damping spring-mass vibration system. At the resonant frequency lying in the bass range, this vibration system (bridge resonator) will perform strong deflections without it noticeably radiate sound. The strong deflections in bridge resonance can overload the voice coil centering and lead to the destruction of the driver.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, einen Plattenlautsprecher mit Setzungsschutz anzugeben, bei dem die dynamischen Nebenwirkungen eines derartigen Setzungsschutzes vermieden werden.The object of the invention is therefore to provide a plate speaker with settlement protection, in which the dynamic side effects of such a settlement protection can be avoided.

Die Aufgabe wird gelöst durch einen Plattenlautsprecher gemäß Patentanspruch 1. Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen des Erfindungsgedankens sind Gegenstand von Unteransprüchen.The object is achieved by a panel loudspeaker according to claim 1. refinements and developments of the inventive concept are the subject of dependent claims.

Vorteil der Erfindung ist es, dass mit relativ geringem Aufwand ein Setzungsschutz realisiert wird, der fast keine schädlichen dynamischen Nebenwirkungen aufweist. Darüber hinaus wird mit der erfindungsgemäßen Maßnahme eine zusätzliche Schallabstrahlung in einem ansonsten unterversorgten Tieftonfrequenzbereich erzeugt.Advantage of the invention is that a settlement protection is realized with relatively little effort, which has almost no harmful dynamic side effects. In addition, with the measure according to the invention an additional sound radiation is generated in an otherwise underserved low-frequency range.

Erreicht wird dies bei einem Plattenlautsprecher der eingangs genannten Art dadurch, dass die Brücke bzw. mindestens eine der Brücken mit einer (bevorzugt starren) Dämpferplatte verbunden wird bzw. dass die Dämpferplatte selbst ein Bestandteil der Brücke bzw. mindestens einer der Brücken ist. Somit trägt die Brücke nicht nur den oder die Treiber, sondern zusätzlich auch die Dämpferplatte.This is achieved in a panel loudspeaker of the type mentioned in that the bridge or at least one of the bridges with a (preferably rigid) damper plate is connected or that the damper plate itself is a part of the bridge or at least one of the bridges. Thus, the bridge not only carries the driver or drivers, but also the damper plate.

Die Brückenresonanzfrequenz kann dabei beispielsweise durch Massenanpassung abgestimmt werden. Die Brückenresonanz wird nämlich bestimmt durch das Verhältnis von Federkonstante zu gesamter Brückenmasse mit allen daran befestigten Elementen. Unabhängig von der durch die Plattenfläche der Dämpfungsplatte gegebenen Dämpfung kann durch Verändern der Plattendicke oder der Plattendichte der Dämpfungsplatte die Masse so eingestellt werden, dass der Strahlungsbeitrag der Dämpfungsplatte sich günstig in das akustische Spektrum des Multiresonanzplattenlautsprechers einfügt.The bridge resonance frequency can be tuned for example by mass adaptation. Namely, the bridge resonance is determined by the ratio of spring constant to total bridge mass with all elements attached thereto. Regardless of the attenuation given by the plate surface of the damper plate, by varying the plate thickness or the plate density of the damper plate, the mass can be adjusted so that the radiation contribution of the damper plate fits favorably into the acoustic spectrum of the multi-resonant panel loudspeaker.

Alternativ kann beispielsweise auch die Brückenresonanzfrequenz durch Federanpassung abgestimmt werden. Unabhängig von der durch die Plattenfläche gegebenen Dämpfung kann durch Veränderung beispielsweise des Querschnittprofils der Brücke das Flächenträgheitsmoment und damit die Federkonstante so eingestellt werden, dass die Resonanzzone der Brücke sich günstig in das akustische Spektrum des Multiresonanzplattenlautsprechers einfügt.Alternatively, for example, the bridge resonance frequency can be tuned by spring adaptation. Regardless of the given by the plate surface damping, the area moment of inertia and thus the spring constant can be adjusted by changing, for example, the cross-sectional profile of the bridge so that the resonance zone of the bridge fits favorably into the acoustic spectrum of the multi-resonant plate speaker.

Bevorzugt kann also vorgesehen werden, dass mindestens eine Brücke als luftdurchlässiges Stabwerk ausgebildet ist. Es kann aber auch mindestens eine Brücke als luftundurchlässige Flachboxabdeckung ausgebildet sein.Preferably, therefore, it can be provided that at least one bridge is designed as an air-permeable framework. But it can also be formed as an air-impermeable flat box cover at least one bridge.

Bevorzugt weist die Dämpferplatte eine kleinere Fläche auf als die Klangplatte auf. Weiterhin wird bevorzugt vorgesehen, dass die Dämpferplatte in leichter, sehr biegesteifer Sandwichbauform ausgeführt wird. Eine derartige Sandwichbauform ist beispielsweise aus der EP 0 924 959 bekannt.Preferably, the damper plate has a smaller area than the sound plate. Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the damper plate is designed in a lightweight, very rigid sandwich design. Such a sandwich design is for example from the EP 0 924 959 known.

Weiterhin können die Verbindungsstellen zwischen Brücke(n) und Dämpferplatte im Bereich der Knotenlinien der ersten beiden Schwingungsmoden der Dämpferplatte liegen.Furthermore, the connection points between the bridge (s) and damper plate can lie in the area of the nodal lines of the first two modes of vibration of the damper plate.

Bei einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung besteht mindestens eine Brücke aus einem prismatischen Stab, wobei die Brücke die durch den Rahmen vorgegebene, der Klangplatte gegenüber liegende Fläche nicht vollständig abdeckt.In a further development of the invention, at least one bridge consists of a prismatic rod, the bridge the not completely covered by the frame given, the sound plate opposite surface.

Weiterhin kann vorgesehen werden, dass mindestens eine Brücke als regelmäßiges Gitterwerk und/oder als perforierte Platte ausgebildet ist.Furthermore, it can be provided that at least one bridge is designed as a regular lattice work and / or as a perforated plate.

Bei einer anderen Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass mindestens eine Brücke federnd nachgiebig und Teil einer luftdichten Flachbox ist, wobei alle äußeren Komponenten dieser Flachbox selbst luftundurchlässig sind sowie luftundurchlässig miteinander verbunden sind. Die Flachbox kann dabei eine Bassreflexöffnung (auch einen Bassreflextubus) aufweisen. Dabei kann mindestens eine Brücke als starre Platte ausgebildet sein und durch eine umlaufende Brückensicke mit der Dämpferplatte verbunden sein.In another embodiment of the invention, it is provided that at least one bridge is resilient and part of an airtight flat box, with all the outer components of this flat box itself are impermeable to air and are connected to each other impermeable to air. The flat box can have a bass reflex opening (also a bass reflex tube). In this case, at least one bridge may be formed as a rigid plate and be connected by a circumferential bridge bead with the damper plate.

An die Flachbox kann zudem eine Kammer angesetzt sein, wobei die Kammer auch eine Bassreflexöffnung (auch einen Bassreflextubus) aufweisen kann. Alternativ dazu kann die Kammer jedoch auch luftdicht sein. Schließlich kann die Kammer auch einen Passivstrahler aufweisen.In addition, a chamber can be attached to the flat box, wherein the chamber can also have a bass reflex opening (also a bass reflex tube). Alternatively, however, the chamber may also be airtight. Finally, the chamber may also have a passive radiator.

Der erfindungsgemäße Plattenlautsprecher stellt also in seiner akustischen Wirkung einen asymmetrischen Zweiplattenlautsprecher dar, da die hauptsächliche, vorderseitige, dem Hörer zugewandte Klangplatte eine akustische Multiresonanzklangplatte bildet, während die rückseitige, dem Hörer abgewandte, kleinere Dämpferplatte akustisch eine Starrplatte ist.The plate loudspeaker according to the invention thus represents in its acoustic effect an asymmetrical two-plate loudspeaker, since the main, front-facing, the listener facing sound plate forms a multi-resonant acoustic sound plate, while the back, remote from the listener, smaller damper plate is acoustically a rigid plate.

Der Grad der Dämpfung lässt sich dabei direkt einstellen über die Fläche der Dämpferplatte. Je größer die Platte ist, desto größer ist die erzielte Dämpfung. Eine zusätzliche Verbesserung der tieffrequenten Schallabstrahlung des Plattenlautsprechers kann dadurch erreicht werden, dass die Dämpferplatte als Starrplatte konzipiert wird und somit nicht nur die Brückenresonanzschwingung dämpft, sondern zugleich zur Schallabstrahlung im Tieftonbereich beiträgt. Der Tieftonbereich ist bei freien Multiresonanzklangplatten immer durch den Dipolkurzschluss beeinträchtigt. Die zusätzliche Schallabstrahlung kompensiert dabei teilweise diesen Dipolkurzschluss.The degree of damping can be adjusted directly over the surface of the damper plate. The larger the plate, the greater the damping achieved. An additional improvement The low-frequency sound radiation of the panel loudspeaker can be achieved in that the damper plate is designed as a rigid plate and thus not only damps the bridge resonance vibration, but also contributes to the sound radiation in the low frequency range. The low frequency range is always affected by the dipole short circuit in free multiresonance sound discs. The additional sound radiation partially compensates for this dipole short circuit.

Ein besonderer Vorteil des asymmetrischen Zweiplattenlautsprechers liegt auch in der einfachen Antriebstechnik. Während bekannte Monopoltreiber (vgl. DE 198 218 62 ) aus Rückenan-Rücken angeordneten Einfachtreibern, alternativ Seite-an-Seite angeordneten Einfachtreibern oder komplizierten Doppel-Schwingspulenanordnungen bestehen, wird erfindungsgemäß nur mindestens ein bekannter konventioneller Plattentreiber benötigt.A particular advantage of the asymmetrical two-plate loudspeaker lies in the simple drive technology. While well-known monopoly drivers (cf. DE 198 218 62 ) arranged back-to-back single drivers, alternatively arranged side-by-side single drivers or complicated double voice coil assemblies, according to the invention only at least one known conventional disk driver is needed.

Ist der Rahmen, der Brücke(n) und Klangplatte trägt, akustisch offen, dann wird bei einer gegenläufigen Pumpbewegung der beiden unterschiedlichen Platten die komprimierte oder dekomprimierte Luft durch Rahmenöffnungen strömen und so einen Druckausgleich herbeiführen.If the frame carrying the bridge (s) and sound plate is acoustically open, then the compressed or decompressed air will flow through frame openings in an opposite pumping motion of the two different plates, thus causing pressure equalization.

Ist dagegen alternativ der Rahmen so abgedichtet, dass Klangplatte und Dämpferplatte die strahlenden Flächen einer ansonsten geschlossenen Flachbox bilden, dann arbeiten im Tieftonbereich die beiden Platten gegenläufig. Die Anordnung der beiden Platten bildet dann einen "Tiefton-Monopolstrahler", d. h. eine atmende Kugel mit teilweise inaktiven Zonen.If, on the other hand, the frame is sealed in such a way that the sound plate and damper plate form the radiating surfaces of an otherwise closed flat box, then the two plates work in opposite directions in the low frequency range. The arrangement of the two plates then forms a "low-monopole", ie a breathing ball with partially inactive zones.

Als bevorzugte Ausführungsform einer derartigen Flachboxanordnung wird diese kontrolliert ventiliert. Dazu werden eine oder mehrere Bassreflexöffnungen vorgesehen, durch die Innenluft phasenrichtig ausströmen kann, so dass eine weitere Verbesserung des Tieftonverhaltens erzielt wird. Durch die Ventilation der Flachbox wird zugleich der ungünstige Effekt einer zu starren Luftfederung vermieden.As a preferred embodiment of such a flat box arrangement, it is ventilated in a controlled manner. For this purpose, one or more bass reflex openings are provided, through which the inside air can flow in the correct phase, so that a further improvement of the low-frequency behavior is achieved. The ventilation of the flat box at the same time avoids the unfavorable effect of too rigid air suspension.

Schließlich kann bei einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform die in einer Ebene mit der rückseitigen Flachboxwand liegende, ursprünglich nicht zur Schallabstrahlung vorgesehene Abdichtung der starren Dämpferplatte als flächenhafte Blattfeder ausgebildet werden, so dass eine vergrößerte Abstrahlfläche bei damit einhergehender vergrößerter Strahlungsdämpfung erzielt wird. Diese flächenhafte Plattfeder verstimmt die Federkonstante der ursprünglichen Brücke, was bei der Resonanzabstimmung zu berücksichtigen ist.Finally, in another preferred embodiment, the sealing of the rigid damper plate, which is not originally intended for sound radiation and is located in a plane with the rear flat box wall, can be formed as a sheet-like leaf spring, so that an increased emission surface is achieved with the associated increased radiation damping. This flat spring detunes the spring constant of the original bridge, which has to be considered in the resonance tuning.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand der in den Figuren dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert, wobei gleiche Elemente mit gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen sind. Es zeigt:

Figur 1
eine erste bevorzugte Ausführungsform eines erfin- dungsgemäßen Plattenlautsprechers als freien, asym- metrischen Zweiplattenlautsprecher, bei dem die Dämp- ferplatte an einer Brücke befestigt ist,
Figur 2
eine zweite bevorzugte Ausführungsform eines erfin- dungsgemäßen Plattenlautsprechers als freien, asym- metrischen Zweiplattenlautsprecher, bei der die Dämp- ferplatte einen Teil der Brückenfunktion übernimmt,
Figur 3
eine dritte bevorzugte Ausführungsform eines erfin- dungsgemäßen Plattenlautsprechers als freien, asym- metrischen Zweiplattenlautsprecher, bei der die Brü- ckenstäbe eine Tellerfeder nachbilden,
Figur 4
eine vierte bevorzugte Ausführungsform als geschlos- sener, asymmetrischer Zweiplattenlautsprecher,
Figur 5
eine fünfte bevorzugte Ausführungsform eines erfin- dungsgemäßen Plattenlautsprechers als geschlossener, asymmetrischer Zweiplattenlautsprecher mit Bassre- flexöffnung,
Figur 6
eine sechste bevorzugte Ausführungsform eines erfin- dungsgemäßen Plattenlautsprechers als geschlossenen, asymmetrischen Zweiplattenlautsprecher mit starrer Plattenbrücke und Brückensicke und
Figur 8
eine siebte bevorzugte Ausführungsform eines erfin- dungsgemäßen Plattenlautsprechers als geschlossenen, asymmetrischen Zweiplattenlautsprecher mit zwei Kam- mern sowie mit starrer Plattenbrücke, Brückensicke und Bassreflexöffnung.
The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the embodiments illustrated in the figures, wherein like elements are provided with the same reference numerals. It shows:
FIG. 1
a first preferred embodiment of a plate loudspeaker according to the invention as a free, asymmetrical two-plate loudspeaker, in which the damper plate is attached to a bridge,
FIG. 2
a second preferred embodiment of a plate loudspeaker according to the invention as a free, asymmetrical two-plate loudspeaker, in which the damper plate takes over a part of the bridge function,
FIG. 3
A third preferred embodiment of a plate loudspeaker according to the invention as a free, asymmetrical two-plate loudspeaker, in which the bridge bars simulate a disc spring,
FIG. 4
A fourth preferred embodiment as a closed, asymmetric two-plate loudspeaker,
FIG. 5
A fifth preferred embodiment of a plate loudspeaker according to the invention as a closed, asymmetrical two-plate loudspeaker with bass reflex opening,
FIG. 6
a sixth preferred embodiment of a plate loudspeaker according to the invention as a closed, asymmetrical two-plate loudspeaker with a rigid plate bridge and bridge bead and
FIG. 8
A seventh preferred embodiment of a plate loudspeaker according to the invention as closed, asymmetrical two-plate loudspeaker with two chambers and with a rigid plate bridge, bridge bead and bass reflex opening.

Bei dem in Figur 1 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Plattenlautsprechers in Form eines asymmetrischen Zweiplatten-Lautsprechers 1 ist als Membran eine Klangplatte 2 vorgesehen, die als Multiresonanzklangplatte ausgeführt ist und sich in Folge dessen durch eine geringe Masse, eine große Biegesteifigkeit, eine geringe Biegewellendämpfung sowie eine freitragende Rahmenbefestigung auszeichnet. Ein starrer, zumeist umlaufender Rahmen 3 hält die Klangplatte 2 über ein umlaufendes Plattenlager 4, das als scherfestes Gelenk wirkt. Eine Brücke 13 beispielsweise in Form eines schlanken prismatischen Stabes ist seitlich (oder rückwärtig) über eine starre Verbindung 8 mit dem Magnetsystem 6 eines Treibers und zugleich an den magnetfernen Enden mit dem Rahmen verbunden. Dadurch wird die statische Last des Magnetsystems 6 getragen. Eine in den Ringspalt des Magnetsystems 6 eintauchende Schwingspule 7 ist einerseits über eine Innensicke 10 gegenüber dem Magnetsystem 6 zentriert und zugleich fest mit der Klangplatte 2 verbunden. Eine Außensicke 9 hält die statische Last des Magnetsystems 6 während der Lautsprechermontage. Sie stellt zugleich eine schwimmende Magnetbefestigung dar, wie sie bei waagrechter Betriebsweise sinnvoll ist. Bei einem Multiresonanzplattenlautsprecher, mit im wesentlicher freier Lagerung enthält der Rahmen 3 und/oder die Brücke 13 Öffnungen 11 (Lücken), durch die ein Druckausgleich der sonst eventuelle eingeschlossenen Luft sichergestellt wird.At the in FIG. 1 shown embodiment of a plate loudspeaker according to the invention in the form of an asymmetric two-plate loudspeaker 1 is provided as a sound panel 2, which is designed as a multi-resonant sound plate and is characterized in consequence of a low mass, high bending stiffness, low bending wave damping and a cantilever frame attachment. A rigid, mostly rotating frame 3 holds the sound plate 2 via a rotating plate bearing 4, as a shear-resistant joint acts. A bridge 13, for example, in the form of a slender prismatic rod is laterally (or rearwardly) connected via a rigid connection 8 with the magnet system 6 of a driver and at the same time at the distal ends of the magnet with the frame. As a result, the static load of the magnet system 6 is supported. An immersed in the annular gap of the magnet system 6 voice coil 7 is centered on the one hand via an inner bead 10 relative to the magnet system 6 and at the same time firmly connected to the sound plate 2. An outer bead 9 holds the static load of the magnet system 6 during speaker mounting. At the same time it represents a floating magnetic attachment, as it makes sense in horizontal operation. In a multi-resonant plate speaker, with substantially free storage of the frame 3 and / or the bridge contains 13 openings 11 (gaps) through which a pressure equalization of otherwise possible trapped air is ensured.

Ausgehend von dieser Grundanordnung weist der erfindungsgemäße, freie, asymmetrische Zweiplatten-Lautsprecher-1 eine Dämpferplatte 14 auf, die an der dafür vorbereiteten Brücke 13 der Klangplatte 2 abgewandt befestigt ist. Dabei ist die große Plattenfläche der Dämpferplatte 14 in etwa planparallel zur großen Plattenfläche der Klangplatte 2 ausgerichtet.Based on this basic arrangement, the inventive, free, asymmetrical two-plate loudspeaker-1 has a damper plate 14, which is attached to the prepared bridge 13 of the sound panel 2 facing away. The large plate surface of the damper plate 14 is aligned approximately plane-parallel to the large plate surface of the sound plate 2.

Figur 2 zeigt im Schnitt eine weitere bevorzugte Ausführungsform eines als freier, asymmetrischer Zweiplatten Lautsprecher 12 ausgebildeten erfindungsgemäßen Plattenlautsprechers, wobei die Dämpferplatte 14 direkt am Magnetsystem 6 befestigt ist. Relativ kurze Brückenstäbe 16 verbinden die Dämpferplatte 14 dabei mit dem Rahmen 3. Damit stellt die Dämpferplatte 14 einen verbreiterten Teil der aus den Brückenstäben 16 gebildeten Brücke 15 dar und übt somit die Funktion der Brücke 15 als statische Gewichtsentlastung aus. Die große Plattenfläche der Dämpferplatte 14 ist wieder in etwa planparallel zur großen Plattenfläche der Klangplatte 2 ausgerichtet. Hinsichtlich der verbleibenden Elemente stimmt die in Figur 2 gezeigt Ausführungsform mit der in Figur 1 dargestellten Ausführungsform überein. FIG. 2 shows in section a further preferred embodiment of a designed as a free, asymmetrical two-plate loudspeaker 12 speaker plate according to the invention, wherein the damper plate 14 is attached directly to the magnet system 6. Relatively short bridge bars 16 connect the damper plate 14 with the frame 3. Thus, the damper plate 14 is a widened part of the bridge 15 formed from the bridge bars 16 and thus exercises the Function of the bridge 15 as a static weight relief. The large plate surface of the damper plate 14 is again aligned approximately plane-parallel to the large plate surface of the sound plate 2. Regarding the remaining elements, the in FIG. 2 shown embodiment with the in FIG. 1 illustrated embodiment match.

Ausgehend von den beiden vorhergehenden Ausführungsformen zeigt Figur 3 eine weitere bevorzugte Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Plattenlautsprechers als freier asymmetrischer Zweiplatten-Lautsprecher 17, wobei im Unterschied zu der in Figur 2 gezeigten Ausführungsform lediglich die Brückenstäbe 16 durch eine umlaufende Tellerfeder 18 ersetzt sind. Die statische Funktion der Tellerfeder 18 ist die gleiche wie die der Stäbe 16 in Figur 2, jedoch ergibt sich ein anderes akustisches Verhalten. Die Klangplatte 2 ist dabei nämlich gegen eine eventuell vorhandene, nahe Gebäudewand abgeschirmt und bildet so eine hilfreiche Maßnahme gegen den unerwünschten "Wandeffekt".Starting from the two preceding embodiments shows FIG. 3 a further preferred embodiment of a plate loudspeaker according to the invention as a free asymmetrical two-plate speaker 17, wherein in contrast to the in FIG. 2 shown embodiment, only the bridge bars 16 are replaced by a rotating plate spring 18. The static function of the disc spring 18 is the same as that of the rods 16 in FIG FIG. 2 , but results in a different acoustic behavior. The sound panel 2 is in fact shielded against a possibly present, near building wall and thus forms a helpful measure against the undesirable "wall effect".

Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel nach Figur 4 ist ein geschlossener, asymmetrischer Zweiplattenlautsprecher 19 vorgesehen, wobei im Unterschied zu Figur 3 alle verbliebenen Ventilationsöffnungen 11 geschlossen worden sind. Die rückseitige, als Tellerfeder wirkende Abdeckung 20 hat folglich auch keine Poren oder Öffnungen. Die durch die Abdeckung 20 hervorgerufene Federung wird wesentlich verhärtet durch die Kompressionsfederung der eingeschlossenen Luft.According to the embodiment FIG. 4 is a closed, asymmetrical two-plate speaker 19 is provided, in contrast to FIG. 3 all remaining ventilation openings 11 have been closed. The back, acting as a plate spring cover 20 consequently has no pores or openings. The caused by the cover 20 suspension is substantially hardened by the compression suspension of the trapped air.

Figur 5 zeigt im Schnitt einen als asymmetrischer Zweiplatten-Bassreflex-Lautsprecher 21 ausgebildeten erfindungsgemäßen Plattenlautsprecher. Im Unterschied zum Ausführungsbeispiel nach Figur 4 ist hier lediglich ein Bassreflextubus 23 in eine Öffnung im Rahmen 3 eingesetzt. Damit ergibt sich eine weitere Möglichkeit der abstimmbaren, tieffrequenten Auffüllung des Empfindlichkeitsspektrums zusätzlich zur Brückenresonanz. FIG. 5 shows in section an asymmetric two-plate bass reflex speaker 21 formed according to the invention plate speakers. In contrast to the embodiment according to FIG. 4 here is just a bass reflex tube 23 inserted into an opening in the frame 3. This results in a further possibility of tunable, low-frequency filling of the sensitivity spectrum in addition to the bridge resonance.

Das Ausführungsbeispiel nach Figur 6 unterscheidet sich von dem in Figur 5 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel dadurch, dass ein erfindungsgemäßer asymmetrischer Zweiplatten-Lautsprecher 24 ausgehend von der Ausführungsform nach Figur 5 eine starre Plattenbrücke 25 und eine Brückensicke 26 aufweist, wobei die Dämpferplatte 14 über die Brückensicke 26 mit der Plattenbrücke 25 schwingfähig verbunden ist. Die Plattenbrücke 25 ist dabei an dem Rahmen 3 befestigt.The embodiment according to FIG. 6 is different from the one in FIG. 5 shown embodiment in that an inventive asymmetric two-plate loudspeaker 24 starting from the embodiment according to FIG. 5 a rigid plate bridge 25 and a bridge bead 26, wherein the damper plate 14 is vibrationally connected via the bridge bead 26 with the plate bridge 25. The plate bridge 25 is attached to the frame 3.

Die in Figur 7 im Schnitt gezeigte bevorzugte Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Plattenlautsprechers als geschlossener, asymmetrischer Zweiplatten-Zweikammerlautsprecher 27 umfasst ausgehend von dem Ausführungsbeispiel nach Figur 6 neben der starren Plattenbrücke 25 und der Brückensicke 26 eine zweite Kammer 28, die mit einem Bassreflextubus 29 ausgestattet ist. Die zweite Kammer 28 schließt sich dabei am hinteren Ende des Zweiplatten-Zweikammerlautsprechers 27, also an der die Dämpferplatte 14 miteinschließenden Seite des Zweiplatten-Zweikammerlautsprechers 27 an. Anstelle der Verwendung eines Bassreflextubus 29 kann die zweite Kammer 28 jedoch auch geschlossen sein oder einen Passivstrahler 29 aufweisen.In the FIG. 7 shown in section preferred embodiment of a plate loudspeaker according to the invention as a closed, asymmetrical two-plate two-chamber loudspeaker 27 comprises starting from the embodiment according to FIG. 6 in addition to the rigid plate bridge 25 and the bridge bead 26, a second chamber 28, which is equipped with a bass reflex tube 29. The second chamber 28 adjoins the rear end of the two-plate two-chamber loudspeaker 27, that is to say the side of the two-plate two-chamber loudspeaker 27 enclosing the damper plate 14. Instead of using a bass reflex tube 29, however, the second chamber 28 may also be closed or have a passive radiator 29.

Claims (17)

  1. A planar diaphragm loudspeaker including a light, thin sounding plate (2), which is excitable by multiply reflected bending waves, a peripheral frame (3), which holds the sounding plate (2) in an articulated and shear-resistant manner, at least one driver (6, 7, 9, 10) connected to the sounding plate (2) for exciting the sounding plate (2) and at least one bridge (13, 16, 18, 20, 22, 25) rigidly connecting one of the at least one driver (6, 7, 9, 10) to the frame (3), characterised in that the bridge or at least one of the bridges (13, 16, 18, 20, 22, 25) is/are connected to a damping plate (14) or that the damping plate (14) itself is a component of the bridge or at least one of the bridges (13, 16, 18, 20, 22, 25).
  2. A planar diaphragm loudspeaker as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the damping plate (14) is of rigid construction.
  3. A planar diaphragm loudspeaker as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterised in that at least one bridge (13, 16, 18, 20, 22, 25) is constructed in the form of an air-permeable bar structure.
  4. A planar diaphragm loudspeaker as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterised in that at least one bridge (13, 16, 18, 20, 22, 25) is constructed in the form of an air-impermeable flat box cover.
  5. A planar diaphragm loudspeaker as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the damping plate (14) has a smaller area than the sounding plate (2).
  6. A planar diaphragm loudspeaker as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the damping plate (2) is of light, very bending-resistant sandwich construction.
  7. A planar diaphragm loudspeaker as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the connecting points between the bridge(s) (13, 16, 18, 20, 22, 25) and the damping plate (14) are situated in the region of the node lines of the first two modes of oscillation.
  8. A planar diaphragm loudspeaker as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least one bridge consists of a prismatic bar, wherein the bridge does not completely cover the surface, which is predetermined by the frame (3) and is situated opposite the sounding plate.
  9. A planar diaphragm loudspeaker as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least one bridge is constructed in the form of a regular lattice.
  10. A planar diaphragm loudspeaker as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least one bridge is constructed in the form of a perforated plate.
  11. A planar diaphragm loudspeaker as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least one bridge (20, 22) is resiliently flexible and part of an air-tight flat box, wherein all the external components of this flat box are air-impermeable and are connected together in an air-impermeable manner.
  12. A planar diaphragm loudspeaker as claimed in claim 11, characterised in that the flat box has a base reflex opening/base reflex tube (21).
  13. A planar diaphragm loudspeaker as claimed in claim 11, characterised in that at least one bridge (25) is constructed in the form of a rigid plate and is connected to the damping plate (14) by a peripheral bridge bead (26).
  14. A planar diaphragm loudspeaker as claimed in claim 11, 12 or 13, characterised in that a chamber (28) is attached to the flat box.
  15. A planar diaphragm loudspeaker as claimed in claim 14, characterised in that the chamber (28) has a base reflex opening.
  16. A planar diaphragm loudspeaker as claimed in claim 14, characterised in that the chamber (28) is air-tight.
  17. A planar diaphragm loudspeaker as claimed in claim 14, characterised in that the chamber (28) has a passive emitter (23).
EP01965127A 2001-07-13 2001-07-13 Planar loudspeaker Expired - Lifetime EP1410680B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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US10412499B2 (en) * 2017-10-13 2019-09-10 Harish Bhutani Loudspeaker driver/exciter with unique design to facilitate mounting
DE102018124261B4 (en) * 2018-10-01 2020-06-04 Grawe & Schneider GdbR (vertretungsberechtigte Gesellschafter: Thomas Grawe, 83088 Kiefersfelden und Gerd-Peter Schneider, 84032 Landshut) Planar speakers
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DE102019205628A1 (en) * 2019-04-17 2020-10-22 BSH Hausgeräte GmbH Device for reproducing haptic signals and audio signals
NL2031944B1 (en) * 2022-05-20 2023-11-27 Microsoft Technology Licensing Llc Tuning spring mass resonator of loudspeaker in mobile device
CN115334423A (en) * 2022-09-13 2022-11-11 歌尔股份有限公司 Exciter and electronic device

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US7187776B2 (en) 2007-03-06
WO2003013186A1 (en) 2003-02-13
US20050031155A1 (en) 2005-02-10
EP1410680A1 (en) 2004-04-21

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