EP1375882B1 - Method for operating a combustion engine, in particular a motor vehicle - Google Patents

Method for operating a combustion engine, in particular a motor vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1375882B1
EP1375882B1 EP03009204A EP03009204A EP1375882B1 EP 1375882 B1 EP1375882 B1 EP 1375882B1 EP 03009204 A EP03009204 A EP 03009204A EP 03009204 A EP03009204 A EP 03009204A EP 1375882 B1 EP1375882 B1 EP 1375882B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
voltage
actuator
nozzle needle
injection valve
combustion engine
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1375882A1 (en
EP1375882B2 (en
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Uwe Liskow
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
    • F02D41/2096—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils for controlling piezoelectric injectors

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a method for operating an internal combustion engine, in particular of a motor vehicle, at the fuel from an injection valve into a Brennraum is injected, in which a nozzle needle of the Injection valve of a piezoelectric actuator is adjusted, and wherein the actuator for adjusting the Nozzle needle and thus for the injection of fuel from an electrical voltage is applied.
  • the Invention also relates to a corresponding Internal combustion engine and a corresponding control device for an internal combustion engine.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method and a Internal combustion engine to create a processing of Allow residual potential without additional effort.
  • This task is used in a method of the beginning mentioned type according to the invention achieved in that the Actuator is subjected to a first voltage, the does not cause adjustment of the injector nozzle needle, and that the actor after a period of time with a second voltage is applied to the Adjustment of the nozzle needle causes.
  • the first voltage causes the voltage on the actuator to increase set a defined value.
  • the one before the next Control voltage applied to the actuator is so known and can be considered. This will then achieved in that the voltage with which the Actuator to be controlled, in addition to the first Tension is added. This results in a change the voltage at the actuator exactly to that value, the is provided. This ensures overall that through the control with the added, second voltage the Desired amount of fuel in the combustion chamber of the Internal combustion engine is injected. An additional one Effort is not required for this purpose.
  • the first voltage is chosen so small that the Nozzle needle of the injector in any case not moved or is adjusted.
  • the first tension is on the other hand chosen so large that a residual potential in the Actuator from his last control, if necessary exists, is exceeded in any case.
  • the invention may also be in the form of a computer program be realized on a digital, electronic Storage medium is stored, and its Program commands are executable on a computer.
  • FIG. 1 shows a device which is suitable for an internal combustion engine, in particular a motor vehicle is provided.
  • the internal combustion engine is with at least an injection valve, with the fuel in one Combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine is injected.
  • On the Fuel is subjected to a pressure which is suitable the fuel even during the compression phase of the Inject internal combustion engine into the combustion chamber.
  • the injection valve has a nozzle needle, which in the Injection valve can be moved back and forth.
  • the fuel In one opened state of the nozzle needle, the fuel is in the combustion chamber injected, in a closed state No fuel is injected.
  • the amount of Injected fuel depends on the position of the fuel Nozzle needle in the open state.
  • the injection valve has a piezoelectric actuator on, which is provided for adjusting the nozzle needle.
  • a piezoelectric actuator on, which is provided for adjusting the nozzle needle.
  • the actuator can be connected to an electrical voltage which is a change in the extent of the Actors entails. This change of extent will transferred to the nozzle needle, so that the nozzle needle in passes over her open state.
  • the amount of injected is Fuel depends on the position of the nozzle needle. These Position is in turn dependent on the change of Expansion of the actuator. The change of extent is finally depending on the change of that voltage, which rests against the actuator. The amount of injected Fuel is thus a function of the change in the Actuator voltage applied.
  • a voltage supply is UV provided that at least two voltages available represents, namely a first voltage U1 and a second Voltage U2.
  • a control unit SG controls a switch S. on, with one of the two voltages U1, U2 as Actuator voltage UA is forwarded.
  • the actuator voltage UA is due to the piezoelectric actuator A of the described injection valve on.
  • the power supply UV and the actuator A are exemplary in FIG Ground switched.
  • the actuator voltage UA applied over time t Before a time t1 is the Size of the actuator voltage UA unknown. After this Time t1, the actuator voltage UA, the value of the first Voltage U1 on. After a time t2, the Actuator voltage UA the value of the second voltage U2. The Difference between the first voltage U1 and the second Voltage U2 corresponds to a voltage US.
  • the first voltage U1 is chosen to be so small that the nozzle needle of the injector in any case not moved or misaligned.
  • the first voltage U1 So only leads to a change in the extent of the actuator A, which may indicate a change in the state of hydraulic coupler has the consequence. Neither the change the extent of the actor A itself, nor the change However, the state of the hydraulic coupler have one Change in the position of the nozzle needle within the Injection valve result.
  • the first voltage U1 can in particular depending on Operating variables of the internal combustion engine are determined for example, depending on the on the fuel acting pressure.
  • the first voltage U1 can handle it also change over time.
  • the first voltage U1 is chosen to be so large that a residual potential contained in the actor A of his last activation possibly still exists, in every case is exceeded. Such a residual potential can arise from the fact that the actuator A after a Not fully charged with a voltage unloaded.
  • the second voltage U2 is chosen as follows:
  • the amount of injected is Fuel a function of the change in the actuator A applied voltage.
  • the voltage US When changing the on the actuator A applied voltage is the voltage US. It is thus determined in a first step, which Tension US is required to reach the desired amount To obtain fuel to be injected. In a second Step then this voltage is US to the first voltage U1 added. This results in the second voltage U2, the then applied to the actuator A.
  • the reference character O is the opened one Condition of the nozzle needle or the injection valve and with the reference Z is the closed state characterized. It depends, as already mentioned, the exact position of the nozzle needle within the Injection valve in the open state of the on the Actuator A applied voltage from.
  • the time duration dt1 is chosen such that Transient events due to the first voltage U1 the resulting change in the extent of the Aktors A and the resulting if necessary Changing the state of the hydraulic coupler in any a way have arisen within the injector, in each case have largely subsided.
  • Piezo actuators can with voltage regulation, charge control or energy regulation. Independently of certain voltages U1, U2 are needed to work with a given current and an existing electrical Capacity of the actuator to set a stroke. The hub will then in further injection pulses to a setpoint regulated. In doing so, a certain current is impressed and it gets a certain delta voltage U2-U1 and the note needed via the voltage U1.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Brennkraftmaschine insbesondere eines Kraftfahrzeugs, bei dem Kraftstoff von einem Einspritzventil in einen Brennraum eingespritzt wird, bei dem eine Düsennadel des Einspritzventils von einem piezo-elektrischen Aktor verstellt wird, und bei dem der Aktor zur Verstellung der Düsennadel und damit zur Einspritzung von Kraftstoff von einer elektrischen Spannung beaufschlagt wird. Die Erfindung betrifft ebenfalls eine entsprechende Brennkraftmaschine sowie ein entsprechendes Steuergerät für eine Brennkraftmaschine. The invention is based on a method for operating an internal combustion engine, in particular of a motor vehicle, at the fuel from an injection valve into a Brennraum is injected, in which a nozzle needle of the Injection valve of a piezoelectric actuator is adjusted, and wherein the actuator for adjusting the Nozzle needle and thus for the injection of fuel from an electrical voltage is applied. The Invention also relates to a corresponding Internal combustion engine and a corresponding control device for an internal combustion engine.

Ein derartiges Verfahren und eine derartige Brennkraftmaschine sind aus der DE 199 03 555 C2 bekannt.Such a method and such Internal combustion engine are known from DE 199 03 555 C2.

Dabei ist ebenfalls bekannt, dass zwischen der Menge des eingespritzten Kraftstoffs und der an dem Aktor angelegten Spannung ein funktionaler Zusammenhang besteht. Insbesondere ist die eingespritzte Kraftstoffmenge abhängig von der Änderung der an dem Aktor anliegenden Spannung.It is also known that between the amount of injected fuel and applied to the actuator Tension is a functional connection. In particular, the injected fuel quantity is dependent from the change in the voltage applied to the actuator.

Nachdem der Kraftstoff von dem Einspritzventil in den Brennraum eingespritzt worden ist, wird die an den Aktor angelegte Spannung wieder abgeschaltet. Dies führt jedoch nicht dazu, dass die Spannung an dem Aktor sofort vollständig abfällt. Statt dessen verbleibt an dem Aktor ein Restpotential, dessen Größe unbekannt ist.After the fuel from the injector in the The combustion chamber has been injected, which is to the actuator applied voltage switched off again. However, this leads not that the voltage on the actuator immediately completely falls off. Instead, it remains on the actuator a residual potential whose size is unknown.

Dieses Restpotential ist auch vor der nächsten Ansteuerung des Aktors zum Zwecke der Einspritzung von Kraftstoff gegebenenfalls noch vorhanden. Dies hat zur Folge, dass bei dieser nächsten Ansteuerung des Aktors die Menge des eingespritzten Kraftstoffs auch von dem unbekannten Restpotential abhängig ist.This residual potential is also before the next activation of the actuator for the purpose of injecting fuel possibly still available. This has the consequence that at this next activation of the actuator the amount of also injected fuel from the unknown Residual potential is dependent.

Es wäre möglich, die Größe des Restpotentials vor der nächsten Einspritzung zu messen. Ebenfalls wäre es möglich, durch entsprechende schaltungstechnische Maßnahmen zu gewährleisten, dass das Restpotential bei der nächsten Einspritzung tatsächlich Null ist. Beide Maßnahmen wären jedoch ersichtlich mit zusätzlichem Aufwand verbunden.It would be possible to estimate the size of the residual potential before the to measure next injection. It would also be possible through appropriate circuitry measures ensure that the residual potential at the next Injection is actually zero. Both measures would be However, obviously associated with additional effort.

Aufgabe und Vorteile der ErfindungPurpose and advantages of the invention

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren und eine Brennkraftmaschine zu schaffen, die eine Verarbeitung des Restpotentials ohne zusätzlichen Aufwand ermöglichen.The object of the invention is to provide a method and a Internal combustion engine to create a processing of Allow residual potential without additional effort.

Diese Aufgabe wird bei einem Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art erfindungsgemäß dadurch erreicht, dass der Aktor mit einer ersten Spannung beaufschlagt wird, die keine Verstellung der Düsennadel des Einspritzventilshervorruft, und dass der Aktor nach einer Zeitdauer mit einer zweiten Spannung beaufschlagt wird, die die Verstellung der Düsennadel hervorruft.This task is used in a method of the beginning mentioned type according to the invention achieved in that the Actuator is subjected to a first voltage, the does not cause adjustment of the injector nozzle needle, and that the actor after a period of time with a second voltage is applied to the Adjustment of the nozzle needle causes.

Durch die erste Spannung wird die Spannung an dem Aktor auf einen definierten Wert gesetzt. Die vor der nächsten Ansteuerung an dem Aktor anliegende Spannung ist damit bekannt und kann berücksichtigt werden. Dies wird dann dadurch erreicht, dass diejenige Spannung, mit der der Aktor angesteuert werden soll, additiv zu der ersten Spannung hinzugefügt wird. Damit ergibt sich eine Änderung der Spannung an dem Aktor genau um denjenigen Wert, der vorgesehen ist. Dies gewährleistet insgesamt, dass durch die Ansteuerung mit der addierten, zweiten Spannung die erwünschte Menge an Kraftstoff in den Brennraum der Brennkraftmaschine eingespritzt wird. Ein zusätzlicher Aufwand ist hierzu nicht erforderlich.The first voltage causes the voltage on the actuator to increase set a defined value. The one before the next Control voltage applied to the actuator is so known and can be considered. This will then achieved in that the voltage with which the Actuator to be controlled, in addition to the first Tension is added. This results in a change the voltage at the actuator exactly to that value, the is provided. This ensures overall that through the control with the added, second voltage the Desired amount of fuel in the combustion chamber of the Internal combustion engine is injected. An additional one Effort is not required for this purpose.

Die erste Spannung ist dabei derart klein gewählt, dass die Düsennadel des Einspritzventils in jedem Fall nicht bewegt oder verstellt wird. Die erste Spannung ist andererseits derart groß gewählt, dass ein Restpotential, das in dem Aktor von seiner letzten Ansteuerung gegebenenfalls noch vorhanden ist, in jedem Fall überschritten wird.The first voltage is chosen so small that the Nozzle needle of the injector in any case not moved or is adjusted. The first tension is on the other hand chosen so large that a residual potential in the Actuator from his last control, if necessary exists, is exceeded in any case.

Die Erfindung kann auch in der Form eines Computerprogramms realisiert werden, das auf einem digitalen, elektronischen Speichermedium abgespeichert ist, und dessen Programmbefehle auf einem Computer ablauffähig sind.The invention may also be in the form of a computer program be realized on a digital, electronic Storage medium is stored, and its Program commands are executable on a computer.

Weitere Merkmale, Anwendungsmöglichkeiten und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung von Ausführungsbeispielen der Erfindung, die in den Figuren der Zeichnung dargestellt sind. Dabei bilden alle beschriebenen oder dargestellten Merkmale für sich oder in beliebiger Kombination den Gegenstand der Erfindung, unabhängig von ihrer Zusammenfassung in den Patentansprüchen oder deren Rückbeziehung sowie unabhängig von ihrer Formulierung bzw. Darstellung in der Beschreibung bzw. in der Zeichnung.Other features, uses and benefits of Invention will become apparent from the following description of embodiments of the invention shown in FIGS the drawing are shown. All form described or illustrated features alone or in any combination the subject of the invention, regardless of their summary in the Claims or their dependency as well as independently from their formulation or presentation in the description or in the drawing.

Ausführungsbeispiele der ErfindungEmbodiments of the invention

  • Figur 1 zeigt ein schematisches Blockschaltbild einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zum Betreiben einer Brennkraftmaschine insbesondere eines Kraftfahrzeugs, undFIG. 1 shows a schematic block diagram of a Device according to the invention for operating a Internal combustion engine, in particular of a motor vehicle, and
  • Figur 2 zeigt zwei schematische Zeitdiagramme von Signalen und Zuständen der Vorrichtung nach Figur 1.FIG. 2 shows two schematic timing diagrams of signals and states of the device of Figure 1.

    • In der Figur 1 ist eine Vorrichtung dargestellt, die für eine Brennkraftmaschine insbesondere eines Kraftfahrzeugs vorgesehen ist. Die Brennkraftmaschine ist mit wenigstens einem Einspritzventil versehen, mit dem Kraftstoff in einen Brennraum der Brennkraftmaschine eingespritzt wird. Auf den Kraftstoff wird ein Druck ausgeübt, der dazu geeignet ist, den Kraftstoff auch während der Verdichtungsphase der Brennkraftmaschine in den Brennraum einzuspritzen.FIG. 1 shows a device which is suitable for an internal combustion engine, in particular a motor vehicle is provided. The internal combustion engine is with at least an injection valve, with the fuel in one Combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine is injected. On the Fuel is subjected to a pressure which is suitable the fuel even during the compression phase of the Inject internal combustion engine into the combustion chamber.

    Das Einspritzventil weist eine Düsennadel auf, die in dem Einspritzventil hin- und herbewegt werden kann. In einem geöffneten Zustand der Düsennadel wird der Kraftstoff in den Brennraum eingespritzt, in einem geschlossenen Zustand wird kein Kraftstoff eingespritzt. Die Menge des eingespritzten Kraftstoffs hängt von der Stellung der Düsennadel in dem geöffneten Zustand ab.The injection valve has a nozzle needle, which in the Injection valve can be moved back and forth. In one opened state of the nozzle needle, the fuel is in the combustion chamber injected, in a closed state No fuel is injected. The amount of Injected fuel depends on the position of the fuel Nozzle needle in the open state.

    Das Einspritzventil weist einen piezo-elektrischen Aktor auf, der zur Verstellung der Düsennadel vorgesehen ist. Zum Zwecke der Kopplung ist zwischen dem Aktor und der Düsennadel beispielsweise ein hydraulischer Koppler vorgesehen. Der Aktor kann mit einer elektrischen Spannung beaufschlagt werden, die eine Änderung der Ausdehnung des Aktors zur Folge hat. Diese Änderung der Ausdehnung wird auf die Düsennadel übertragen, so dass die Düsennadel in ihren geöffneten Zustand übergeht.The injection valve has a piezoelectric actuator on, which is provided for adjusting the nozzle needle. To the Purpose of the coupling is between the actuator and the Nozzle needle, for example, a hydraulic coupler intended. The actuator can be connected to an electrical voltage which is a change in the extent of the Actors entails. This change of extent will transferred to the nozzle needle, so that the nozzle needle in passes over her open state.

    Wie erwähnt wurde, ist die Menge des eingespritzten Kraftstoffs abhängig von der Stellung der Düsennadel. Diese Stellung ist wiederum abhängig von der Änderung der Ausdehnung des Aktors. Die Änderung der Ausdehnung ist schließlich abhängig von der Änderung derjenigen Spannung, die an dem Aktor anliegt. Die Menge des eingespritzten Kraftstoffs ist somit eine Funktion der Änderung der an dem Aktor anliegenden Spannung.As mentioned, the amount of injected is Fuel depends on the position of the nozzle needle. These Position is in turn dependent on the change of Expansion of the actuator. The change of extent is finally depending on the change of that voltage, which rests against the actuator. The amount of injected Fuel is thus a function of the change in the Actuator voltage applied.

    Gemäß der Figur 1 ist eine Spannungsversorgung UV vorgesehen, die mindestens zwei Spannungen zur Verfügung stellt, und zwar eine erste Spannung U1 und eine zweite Spannung U2. Ein Steuergerät SG steuert einen Schalter S an, mit dem eine der beiden Spannungen U1, U2 als Aktorspannung UA weitergeschaltet wird. Die Aktorspannnung UA liegt an dem piezo-elektrischen Aktor A des beschriebenen Einspritzventils an. Die Spannungsversorgung UV und der Aktor A sind in der Figur 1 beispielhaft gegen Masse geschaltet.According to FIG. 1, a voltage supply is UV provided that at least two voltages available represents, namely a first voltage U1 and a second Voltage U2. A control unit SG controls a switch S. on, with one of the two voltages U1, U2 as Actuator voltage UA is forwarded. The actuator voltage UA is due to the piezoelectric actuator A of the described injection valve on. The power supply UV and the actuator A are exemplary in FIG Ground switched.

    In dem oberen Diagramm der Figur 2 ist die Aktorspannung UA über der Zeit t aufgetragen. Vor einem Zeitpunkt t1 ist die Größe der Aktorspannung UA nicht bekannt. Nach dem Zeitpunkt t1 weist die Aktorspannung UA den Wert der ersten Spannung U1 auf. Nach einem Zeitpunkt t2 weist die Aktorspannung UA den Wert der zweiten Spannung U2 auf. Die Differenz zwischen der ersten Spannung U1 und der zweiten Spannung U2 entspricht einer Spannung US.In the upper diagram of Figure 2, the actuator voltage UA applied over time t. Before a time t1 is the Size of the actuator voltage UA unknown. After this Time t1, the actuator voltage UA, the value of the first Voltage U1 on. After a time t2, the Actuator voltage UA the value of the second voltage U2. The Difference between the first voltage U1 and the second Voltage U2 corresponds to a voltage US.

    Die erste Spannung U1 ist einerseits derart klein gewählt, dass die Düsennadel des Einspritzventils in jedem Fall nicht bewegt oder verstellt wird. Die erste Spannung U1 führt also nur zu einer Änderung der Ausdehnung des Aktors A, die gegebenenfalls eine Veränderung des Zustands des hydraulischen Kopplers zur Folge hat. Weder die Änderung der Ausdehnung des Aktors A selbst, noch die Veränderung des Zustands des hydraulischen Kopplers haben jedoch eine Veränderung der Stellung der Düsennadel innerhalb des Einspritzventils zur Folge. On the one hand, the first voltage U1 is chosen to be so small that the nozzle needle of the injector in any case not moved or misaligned. The first voltage U1 So only leads to a change in the extent of the actuator A, which may indicate a change in the state of hydraulic coupler has the consequence. Neither the change the extent of the actor A itself, nor the change However, the state of the hydraulic coupler have one Change in the position of the nozzle needle within the Injection valve result.

    Die erste Spannung U1 kann insbesondere in Abhängigkeit von Betriebsgrößen der Brennkraftmaschine bestimmt werden, beispielsweise in Abhängigkeit von dem auf den Kraftstoff einwirkenden Druck. Die erste Spannung U1 kann sich damit über der Zeit auch ändern.The first voltage U1 can in particular depending on Operating variables of the internal combustion engine are determined for example, depending on the on the fuel acting pressure. The first voltage U1 can handle it also change over time.

    Die erste Spannung U1 ist andererseits derart groß gewählt, dass ein Restpotential, das in dem Aktor A von seiner letzten Ansteuerung gegebenenfalls noch vorhanden ist, in jedem Fall überschritten wird. Ein derartiges Restpotential kann dadurch entstehen, dass der Aktor A nach einer Beaufschlagung mit einer Spannung nicht vollständig entladen wird.On the other hand, the first voltage U1 is chosen to be so large that a residual potential contained in the actor A of his last activation possibly still exists, in every case is exceeded. Such a residual potential can arise from the fact that the actuator A after a Not fully charged with a voltage unloaded.

    Wird der Aktor A vor dem Zeitpunkt t1 beispielsweise dadurch abgeschaltet, dass er auf Masse gelegt wird, so ist es möglich, dass die Spannung an dem Aktor A im Zeitpunkt t1 noch nicht vollständig abgefallen ist. Daraus resultiert dann das vorgenannte Restpotential. Die Größe dieses Restpotentials ist - wie bereits erwähnt wurde - nicht bekannt, was in der Figur 1 durch die punktierte Linie vor dem Zeitpunkt t1 angedeutet ist.If the actuator A before the time t1, for example Turned off by putting it on ground so that is it is possible that the voltage at the actuator A at the time t1 has not completely fallen off yet. This results then the aforementioned residual potential. The size of this Residual potential is - as already mentioned - not what is known in the figure 1 by the dotted line The time t1 is indicated.

    Die zweite Spannung U2 wird wie folgt gewählt: The second voltage U2 is chosen as follows:

    Wie erwähnt wurde, ist die Menge des eingespritzten Kraftstoffs eine Funktion der Änderung der an dem Aktor A anliegenden Spannung. Bei der Änderung der an dem Aktor A anliegenden Spannung handelt es sich um die Spannung US. Es wird damit in einem ersten Schritt bestimmt, welche Spannung US erforderlich ist, um die erwünschte Menge an einzuspritzendem Kraftstoff zu erhalten. In einem zweiten Schritt wird dann diese Spannung US zu dem ersten Spannung U1 hinzuaddiert. Es ergibt sich die zweite Spannung U2, die dann an den Aktor A angelegt wird.As mentioned, the amount of injected is Fuel a function of the change in the actuator A applied voltage. When changing the on the actuator A applied voltage is the voltage US. It is thus determined in a first step, which Tension US is required to reach the desired amount To obtain fuel to be injected. In a second Step then this voltage is US to the first voltage U1 added. This results in the second voltage U2, the then applied to the actuator A.

    Wesentlich ist, dass die für die erwünschte Kraftstoffmenge erforderliche Spannung US nicht alleine den Aktor A beaufschlagt, sondern dass die Summe aus der Spannung US und der ersten Spannung U1 an den Aktor A angelegt wird. Damit wird erreicht, dass an dem Aktor A in jedem Fall - also unabhängig von jeglichem, möglicherweise vorhandenen Restpotential - eine Änderung der Spannung erfolgt, und zwar um diejenige Spannung US, die für die erwünschte Kraftstoffmenge erforderlich ist.It is essential that for the desired amount of fuel required voltage US not alone the actuator A but that the sum of the voltage US and the first voltage U1 is applied to the actuator A. This ensures that at the actuator A in each case - So regardless of any, possibly existing Residual potential - a change of voltage occurs, and Although the voltage US, which is the desired Fuel quantity is required.

    In dem unteren Diagramm der Figur 2 ist die Stellung E der Düsennadel des Einspritzventils über der Zeit t aufgetragen. Mit dem Bezugszeichen O ist der geöffnete Zustand der Düsennadel bzw. des Einspritzventils und mit dem Bezugszeichen Z der geschlossene Zustand gekennzeichnet. Dabei hängt, wie bereits erwähnt wurde, die exakte Stellung der Düsennadel innerhalb des Einspritzventils in dem geöffneten Zustand von der an dem Aktor A angelegten Spannung ab.In the lower diagram of Figure 2, the position E of Injector nozzle needle over time t applied. The reference character O is the opened one Condition of the nozzle needle or the injection valve and with the reference Z is the closed state characterized. It depends, as already mentioned, the exact position of the nozzle needle within the Injection valve in the open state of the on the Actuator A applied voltage from.

    Wie aus der Figur 2 zu entnehmen ist, befindet sich die Düsennadel vor dem Zeitpunkt t2 in ihrem geschlossenen Zustand. Insbesondere während der Zeitdauer dt1 von dem Zeitpunkt t1 bis zu dem Zeitpunkt t2 ändert sich die Stellung der Düsennadel nicht aus ihrem geschlossenen Zustand.As can be seen from Figure 2, is the Nozzle needle before time t2 in its closed Status. In particular during the period dt1 of the Time t1 until time t2 changes Position of the nozzle needle not from its closed Status.

    Die Zeitdauer dt1 ist derart gewählt, dass Einschwingvorgänge, die aufgrund der ersten Spannung U1 der daraus resultierenden Änderung der Ausdehnung des Aktors A und der daraus gegebenenfalls sich ergebenden Änderung des Zustands des hydraulischen Kopplers in irgend einer Weise innerhalb des Einspritzventils entstanden sind, in jedem Fall weitgehend abgeklungen sind.The time duration dt1 is chosen such that Transient events due to the first voltage U1 the resulting change in the extent of the Aktors A and the resulting if necessary Changing the state of the hydraulic coupler in any a way have arisen within the injector, in each case have largely subsided.

    Wie erläutert wurde, hat die in dem Zeitpunkt t2 an den Aktor A zusätzlich angelegte Spannung US zur Folge, dass sich die Düsennadel des Einspritzventils in ihren geöffneten Zustand bewegt, und zwar entsprechend der erwünschten, einzuspritzenden Kraftstoffmenge. Diese Bewegung bzw. Verstellung der Düsennadel erfolgt aufgrund von Trägheiten des gesamten Systems verzögert, und zwar gemäß der Figur 2 etwa nach einer Zeitdauer dt2 nach dem Zeitpunkt t2.As has been explained, at the time t2 at the Actuator A additionally applied voltage US result in that the nozzle needle of the injector in their opened state moves, according to the desired amount of fuel to be injected. These Movement or adjustment of the nozzle needle is due to delayed by inertia of the entire system, and indeed according to FIG. 2, approximately after a period of time dt 2 after Time t2.

    Es wird darauf hingewiesen, dass die in der Figur 2 im oberen Diagramm dargestellten Spannungen, wie auch die im unteren Diagramm dargestellten Zustände bzw. Stellungen der Düsennadel des Einspritzventils stark schematisiert sind. Tatsächlich verändern sich die gezeigten Größen nicht sprunghaft, sondern kurvenförmig, insbesondere in der Form von Exponentialfunktionen.It should be noted that the in the figure 2 in upper diagram shown voltages, as well as in the lower diagram shown states or positions of the Nozzle needle of the injector are highly schematic. In fact, the sizes shown do not change erratic, but curved, especially in the form of exponential functions.

    Weiterhin wird allgemein auf folgendes verwiesen:Furthermore, the following is generally referred to:

    Piezoaktoren können mit Spannungsregelung, Ladungsregelung oder Energieregelung betrieben werden. Unabhängig davon sind bestimmte Spannungen U1, U2 nötig, um mit einem vorgegebenen Strom und einer vorhandenen elektrischen Kapazität des Aktors einen Hub zu stellen. Der Hub wird dann in weiteren Einspritzimpulsen auf einen Sollwert geregelt. Dabei wird ein bestimmter Strom aufgeprägt und es wird eine bestimmte Deltaspannung U2-U1 und die Kenntnis über die Spannung U1 benötigt.Piezo actuators can with voltage regulation, charge control or energy regulation. Independently of certain voltages U1, U2 are needed to work with a given current and an existing electrical Capacity of the actuator to set a stroke. The hub will then in further injection pulses to a setpoint regulated. In doing so, a certain current is impressed and it gets a certain delta voltage U2-U1 and the note needed via the voltage U1.

    Claims (8)

    1. Method for operating an internal combustion engine, in particular of a motor vehicle, in which fuel is injected into a combustion chamber by an injection valve, in which a nozzle needle of the injection valve is adjusted by a piezo-electric actuator (A), and in which an electrical voltage is applied to the actuator (A) in order to adjust the nozzle needle and thus to inject fuel, characterized in that a first voltage (U1), which does not bring about any adjustment of the nozzle needle of the injection valve, is applied to the actuator (A), and in that, after a time period (dt1), a second voltage (U2), which brings about the adjustment of the nozzle needle, is applied to the actuator (A).
    2. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the second voltage (U2) is selected in such a way that the difference between the second and first voltages (U2, U1) corresponds approximately to that voltage (US) with which the actuator (A) has to be actuated for a desired adjustment of the nozzle needle.
    3. Method according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first voltage (U1) is set as a function of operating variables of the internal combustion engine, in particular as a function of the pressure acting on the fuel.
    4. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the time period (dt1) is selected in such a way that transient reactions within the injection valve have sufficiently decayed.
    5. Computer program having programming instructions for application in a method according to one of Claims 1 to 4 when they are executed on a computer.
    6. Computer program according to Claim 5, characterized in that it is stored on a digital, electronic storage medium, in particular a flash memory.
    7. Internal combustion engine, in particular of a motor vehicle, having an injection valve for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber, having a nozzle needle inside the injection valve, having a piezo-electric actuator (A) for adjusting the nozzle needle, and having a controller (SG) by means of which an electrical voltage can be applied to the actuator (A) in order to adjust the nozzle needle and thus to inject fuel, characterized in that the controller (SG) is embodied in such a way that a first voltage (U1), which does not bring about any adjustment of the nozzle needle of the injection valve, is applied to the actuator (A), and in that, after a period (dt1), a second voltage (U2), which brings about the adjustment of the nozzle needle, is applied to the actuator (A).
    8. Controller for operating an internal combustion engine, in particular of a motor vehicle, wherein the internal combustion engine is provided with an injection valve for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber, and with a nozzle needle inside the injection valve, and with a piezo-electric actuator (A) for adjusting the nozzle needle, and wherein, by means of the controller (SG), an electrical voltage can be applied to the actuator (A) in order to adjust the nozzle needle and thus to inject fuel, characterized in that the controller (SG) is embodied in such a way that a first voltage (U1), which does not bring about any adjustment of the nozzle needle of the injection valve, is applied to the actuator (A), and in that, after a time period (dt1), a second voltage (U2), which brings about the adjustment of the nozzle needle, is applied to the actuator (A).
    EP03009204A 2002-06-17 2003-04-23 Method for operating a combustion engine, in particular a motor vehicle Expired - Lifetime EP1375882B2 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (2)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    DE10228063 2002-06-17
    DE10228063A DE10228063A1 (en) 2002-06-17 2002-06-17 Method for operating an internal combustion engine, in particular a motor vehicle

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    EP1375882A1 EP1375882A1 (en) 2004-01-02
    EP1375882B1 true EP1375882B1 (en) 2005-03-16
    EP1375882B2 EP1375882B2 (en) 2008-11-19

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    DE102004053349A1 (en) * 2004-11-04 2006-05-18 Siemens Ag Fuel injector controlling method for internal combustion engine, involves actuating fuel injection by supplying control pulse to actuator, and supplying conditioning pulse to actuator before fuel injection, during injecting interval
    JP4363331B2 (en) * 2005-01-17 2009-11-11 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Fuel injection system
    DE102005046933B4 (en) * 2005-09-30 2015-10-15 Continental Automotive Gmbh Method for controlling a piezo-actuated injection valve
    DE102007014330A1 (en) * 2007-03-26 2008-10-02 Robert Bosch Gmbh Drive circuit and driving method for a piezoelectric element
    JP2009074373A (en) * 2007-09-19 2009-04-09 Hitachi Ltd Fuel injection controller of internal combustion engine
    EP2077312A1 (en) 2007-12-17 2009-07-08 Nippon Oil Corporation Fuels for homogeneous charge compression ignition combustion engine
    DE102008044741B4 (en) * 2008-08-28 2010-10-14 Continental Automotive Gmbh Method and control device for controlling an injector

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    US4732129A (en) * 1985-04-15 1988-03-22 Nippon Soken, Inc. Control apparatus for electroexpansive actuator enabling variation of stroke
    EP0371469B1 (en) † 1988-11-30 1995-02-08 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Apparatus for driving piezoelectric element for closing and opening valve member
    US5779149A (en) † 1996-07-02 1998-07-14 Siemens Automotive Corporation Piezoelectric controlled common rail injector with hydraulic amplification of piezoelectric stroke
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    DE19903555C2 (en) * 1999-01-29 2001-05-31 Daimler Chrysler Ag Device for controlling a piezo element injection valve
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    JP2004019666A (en) 2004-01-22
    JP4264303B2 (en) 2009-05-13
    DE50300360D1 (en) 2005-04-21
    EP1375882A1 (en) 2004-01-02
    EP1375882B2 (en) 2008-11-19
    DE10228063A1 (en) 2004-01-08

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