EP1298319A1 - Starter drive with clutch in particular for an internal combustion engine in a vehicle - Google Patents

Starter drive with clutch in particular for an internal combustion engine in a vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1298319A1
EP1298319A1 EP02291987A EP02291987A EP1298319A1 EP 1298319 A1 EP1298319 A1 EP 1298319A1 EP 02291987 A EP02291987 A EP 02291987A EP 02291987 A EP02291987 A EP 02291987A EP 1298319 A1 EP1298319 A1 EP 1298319A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reliefs
crown
rotation
pinion
leading
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP02291987A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Alain Chauville
Zeng Gang Liu
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur SAS
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Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur SAS
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Publication date
Application filed by Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur SAS filed Critical Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur SAS
Publication of EP1298319A1 publication Critical patent/EP1298319A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
    • F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
    • F02N15/04—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears
    • F02N15/06—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/02—Starting of engines by means of electric motors the motors having longitudinally-shiftable rotors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
    • F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
    • F02N15/022—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the starter comprising an intermediate clutch
    • F02N15/023—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the starter comprising an intermediate clutch of the overrunning type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
    • F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
    • F02N15/04—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears
    • F02N15/06—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement
    • F02N15/062—Starter drives
    • F02N15/063—Starter drives with resilient shock absorbers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to starters, for heat engines, in particular for motor vehicles, provided with a toothed launching wheel, of the type comprising an electric motor, a launcher carrying a pinion for driving the gear wheel of the motor in rotation thermal and movable on an integral output shaft in rotation of the electric motor shaft between a passive position in which the pinion does not mesh the gear wheel and the motor is not energized, and a active position in which the pinion meshes with the gear wheel and in which the motor is energized; the launcher comprising a coaxial and linked entry part in rotation at the output shaft of longitudinal axis X-X, an output part linked in rotation to the pinion, and a device for rotating the two parts.
  • Starters of this type are known in the art earlier for example by documents FR A 2 772 473 and FR A 2 795 884. It turned out that the organs mechanical of the launcher and more generally of the starter are shocked during the start-up phase of the thermal motor. Axial shocks when the launcher is moved against the gear wheel of the engine, torsional shocks when the pinion meshes with the wheel toothed. These shocks are sizing for design pinion, and can also cause wear of mechanical parts of the launcher and more generally of the starter.
  • disengageable coupling devices comprising a bell driven in rotation by the entry part, a tubular shaft constituting a end of the outlet part and whose surface exterior defines a track, and organs one-way coupling linking the track to the bell for the transmission of the torque oriented along a first direction, and allowing the bell to rotate freely relative to the track when the torque is oriented in opposite direction.
  • organs are pebbles, typically linked to springs and arranged in housings of adapted forms practiced in the bell.
  • the disengageable coupling device comprises a conical clutch with a friction surface frustoconical carried by the output part and cooperating with a complementary frustoconical friction surface carried by the entry part. It is important to spare these frustoconical friction surfaces.
  • the coupling device includes two parts secured in rotation by the damping means.
  • the object of the present invention is not to increase the radial size of the coupling device while providing it with a means of amortizing at least torsional shocks.
  • a starter of the above-mentioned type comprising a coupling device in rotation of the input and output parts including an upstream coupling part belonging to the part input, a downstream coupling part belonging to the output part and a means of damping mechanical shock, at least torsional, in which the inlet part includes a tubular inlet sleeve linked in rotation to the output shaft, is characterized by that the entry part includes a linked coach rigidly to the tubular inlet sleeve, in that the upstream coupling part has a crown coaxial with the output shaft, in that the downstream part coupling extends coaxially with respect to the crown and in that the crown and the coach are secured in rotation by the damping means.
  • the radial size of the launcher is not increased and the bell is split into two elements namely the coach and the crown between which intervene circumferentially the means coupling placed axially between the crown and the coach.
  • the coupling device is of the type pebbles, each of which is engaged between a portion of track of the upstream coupling part and a portion track of the downstream coupling part; the part downstream coupling, cylindrical in shape, extending coaxially in said crown.
  • the coach comprises a base having substantially the shape of a disc coaxial with the shaft of exit and leading reliefs on the face of the base oriented towards the pinion extending both along a radial direction and in an axial direction, the crown with led reliefs oriented towards leading reliefs extending both along a radial direction and in an axial direction, the damping means comprising a plurality damping elements, each damping element being disposed between a leading relief and a led relief.
  • leading and led reliefs are distributed angularly equidistant on their support surface in a circle centered on the axis of this last, the reliefs led being in number equal to number of leading reliefs.
  • the damping elements are grouped by pairs which each form a set in which the two damping elements are connected by an element of bond so that a notch is formed between them, a leading relief or a led relief being engaged in the notch.
  • the section of each relief leading or led in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis X-X adopts the shape of a radial tab having two rectilinear side faces converging towards the axis longitudinal X-X.
  • each connecting element contributes to absorb shocks in the axial direction.
  • the crown and the organ of the part of exit delimit between them tangential housings having an evolving radial width, in a first direction of rotation, between a minimum width and a maximum width, and in that a pre-stressed spring in compression and a roller stressed by the spring in direction of the minimum width of the housing are arranged in each housing, the crown carrying substantially radial internal ribs separating two adjacent dwellings on each of which is supported one of the springs, and in that the leds are the axial extension of these internal grooves.
  • a washer is interposed between the means cushioning and rollers to avoid axial displacements of the rollers caused by the deformation of the damping means.
  • a motor vehicle includes a heat engine, which for its start-up, has a toothed launch or starter wheel (not shown) intended to be rotated by the pinion of a starter.
  • This starter includes essentially an electric motor 1 whose shaft motor 2 rotates around an axis X-X un output shaft 2 'axially aligned on shaft 2, a launcher 3 axially sliding on the shaft 2 'but integral in rotation with the latter and carrying a pinion 5 in rotation of the launch wheel toothed, and a pivoting fork 4 moving the launcher 3 axially on the shaft 2 ', between a position passive rest and an active position of engagement.
  • a train speed reducer of planetary gear intervenes in a known manner between the two trees 2, 2 '.
  • the two trees 2 and 2 ' are confused.
  • the tree of output is integral in rotation with the motor shaft electric, constituting the armature shaft thereof. All of these elements are enclosed in a casing 6 serving as support for an electromagnetic contactor (not shown) extending parallel to the motor electric.
  • the casing 6 is also used for fixing the starter on a fixed part of the motor vehicle.
  • the radial size of the casing 6 is not changed thanks to the characteristics of the invention described below.
  • the contactor is described for example in the document FR A 2 795 884, to which reference will be made for more details, and therefore includes a coil connected to the motor vehicle start switch, a moving core, a fixed core, a moving contact and springs.
  • the fork is connected, here via a spring, to the moving core.
  • This moving core when the coil is activated after closing the switch startup, moves to act on a mobile contact intended to come into contact with studs, one of which is connected to the positive terminal of the vehicle battery and the other to the electric motor 1, for power electric motor 1.
  • the moving core rotates the fork 4, which moves the launcher 3.
  • pinion 5 mounted at one end of the starter 3, engages the engine launch wheel thermal to start this one and comes in contact with a stop (not referenced) carried by the end of the output shaft 2 '.
  • the launcher 3 comprises, on the one hand, a part input 7, linked in rotation to the shaft 2 'by a connection with complementary helical splines intervening locally between the internal periphery of the input part 7 and the outer periphery of the shaft 2 ', and, on the other hand, an outlet part 8 comprising the pinion 5.
  • the invention relates essentially to the launcher 3 crossed by the output shaft 2 ', which will be described below with reference to Figures 2 to 8.
  • the inlet part 7 comprises, axially aligned on the axis XX, a tubular inlet shaft segment 10, constituting a tubular inlet sleeve of axial orientation, carrying a fork guide 11 in the form of a gutter or annular groove, in which the end 4 ′ for controlling the fork 4 is engaged, and an upstream coupling part 12.
  • the tubular sleeve 10 has internally internally at its internal periphery the abovementioned helical grooves for engaging in a complementary manner with the helical grooves that presents locally at its external periphery the output shaft 2 'so that the sleeve 10 is linked in rotation to the output shaft 2' but can move axially relative to the latter.
  • the outlet part 8 essentially consists of a tubular outlet shaft segment 13, constituting an axially oriented tubular outlet sleeve, carrying the pinion 5 at its front end 14 and a downstream coupling part 15 at its rear end 16.
  • the disengageable coupling device 9 is as in Figure 1 of the roller type.
  • the pebbles bear the reference 22.
  • the upstream coupling part 12 comprises according to a characteristic of the invention, a trainer 17, of transverse orientation, integral of the inlet sleeve 10, a crown 18, of orientation axial, movable relative to the coach 17, a cover 19 of assembly of hollow form linking one to the other the coach 17 and the crown 18 in translation axial.
  • a damping means 20 is placed axially between the coach 17 and the crown 18 and ensures the connection rotating between them. So the depreciation means 20 intervenes axially and circumferentially between the crown 18 and the coach 17 rigidly connected to the sleeve input 10.
  • This damping means is circumferentially elastic so that the crown 18 and the coach 17 belong to a shock absorber of circumferential twist.
  • the downstream coupling part 15 consists by the rear end 16 of the output shaft 13, which has a cylindrical outer surface defining a track 21 for the rollers 22 which are interposed between this track 21 and the internal surface of the crown 18 as will be explained below.
  • the rear end 16 is of a diameter slightly higher than the rest of the tree 13. The downstream part coupling 15 is engaged coaxially in the movable crown 18.
  • the coach 17 comprises a base 25 having substantially the shape of a disc coaxial with the axis X-X and having a front face 26 oriented towards the pinion 5.
  • Coach 17 belongs to a torsional damper comprising the means 20.
  • the crown 18 has a dual function because it belongs to the coupling device 9 and cooperates with the depreciation means by belonging to a circumferential action torsional damper.
  • the crown 18 has substantially the shape of a cylinder coaxial with the axis X-X, having a wall of a certain radial thickness and having a face rear frontal 28 oriented towards the base 25.
  • Des led reliefs 29 extending both along a radial direction and in an axial direction do protrusions on the face 28 of the crown 18.
  • the diameter outside of the crown 18 is substantially the same as that of the base 25 of the coach 17.
  • leading reliefs 27 and led 29 are preferably distributed angularly equidistant on their support surface in a circle centered on the axis of the latter.
  • the reliefs led 29 are in number equal to the number of leading reliefs 27.
  • the damping means 20 comprises a plurality damping elements 30, typically blocks, which are each arranged in a plane perpendicular to the X-X axis, between a leading relief 27 and a led relief 29, as illustrated in FIG. 3.
  • the elements shock absorbers 30 are grouped in pairs which form each a set in which the two elements 30 are connected by a connecting element 31 in such a way a notch 32 is formed between them.
  • the driving reliefs 27 each engage in a notch 32, so that that these leading reliefs 27 are capped by the connecting elements 31 which separate them from the crown 18.
  • the reliefs 29 are inserted between each pair of damping elements 30.
  • each relief leading 27 or led 29 in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis X-X preferably adopts the shape of a radial tab having two straight side faces converging towards the longitudinal axis X-X.
  • the legs extend to from the peripheral surface of base 25 and the crown 18.
  • the damping elements 30 are elastic and made of elastomer, for example rubber or in a suitable synthetic elastic material.
  • the damping elements are metallic and for example have an accordion shape.
  • the reliefs led 29 are separated from the base 25 of the coach 17 by a game J.
  • the cover 19 covers the assembly consisting of the coach 17, the damping means 20 and the crown 18 radially and in both directions Axial. In addition to the functions described above, it also ensures the connection in axial translation between the crown 18 and the outlet part 8.
  • the cover 19 consists of a thin cylindrical wall of axis X-X, the two axial faces being partially closed by thin walls substantially disc-shaped hollowed out in their centers.
  • the crown 18 and the runway 21 delimit accommodation between them tangentials 24 having an evolving radial width, in the direction of rotation R, between a minimum width and a maximum width.
  • a spring 23 prestressed in compression and a roller 22 coaxial with the crown 18 are arranged in each housing 24.
  • the crown 18 carries radial internal ribs 34 separating two adjacent housing 24, the spring 23 being supported by a side on a rib 34, and the roller 22 being biased by the spring 23 towards the minimum width of the housing 24.
  • the roller 22 rolls on runway 21 and on the bottom of the housing 24 facing it, in the opposite direction to R and comes to wedge in the zone of minimum width of the housing 24. The roller 22 then prevents the track 21 and the crown 18 to move relative to one another, and therefore ensures the transmission of torque.
  • a washer 33 of axis X-X is interposed between the damping means 20 and the crown 18 so as to separate the damping means 20 of the rollers 22 to avoid axial displacements of the rollers 22 caused by the deformation of the means damping 20.
  • the outer edge of the washer 33 is cut to fit the shape of the reliefs conducted 29.
  • the connecting elements 31 and the damping elements 30 absorb part of the energy transmitted between the crown 18 and the coach 17 by deformation.
  • Game J is sized in such a way so that the deformation of the connecting elements 31 and damping elements 30 do not cause contacts between the reliefs led 29 and the base 25 of the coach 17.
  • the connecting elements 31 contribute to absorb the axial shock.
  • an upstream coupling part 12 consisting of a crown 18 integral with a coach 17, rigidly connected to the sleeve 10, via damping means 20, instead of a bell in ancient art, has the advantage of allow a slight deformation of the upstream part coupling 12 without the axis of the crown 18 not be modified, the deformation being absorbed by the means damping 20, which prevents the rollers 22 are cantilevered from runway 21 and the bottom of housing 24 and therefore limits the risks flaking.
  • Figures 7 and 8 illustrate a second mode of realization of the invention in which the reliefs led 29 are constituted by the extension in the axial direction of the ribs 34.
  • the reliefs led 29 therefore do not extend radially to the periphery of the crown 18.
  • the crown 18 extends radially to the front face of base 25.
  • leading reliefs 27 are complementary to those of the reliefs led, the leading reliefs 27 fitting between the led reliefs 29, inside the crown 18, and the elements shock absorbers 30 also being arranged inside of the crown 18, each between a relief leading 27 and a led relief 29.
  • This second embodiment allows a simpler and less costly crown manufacturing 18.
  • the coupling device disengageable is of the conical clutch type the crown 18 carrying on its internal or external periphery a surface frustoconical friction suitable for cooperating so complementary with a friction surface frustoconical carried by the rear end 16 of the downstream part 15.
  • the coupling device disengageable is of the conical clutch type the crown 18 carrying on its internal or external periphery a surface frustoconical friction suitable for cooperating so complementary with a friction surface frustoconical carried by the rear end 16 of the downstream part 15.
  • downstream coupling part extends coaxially with respect to the crown This downstream part enters the crown or alternatively surrounds the crown when the coupling device has a conical clutch with a surface of friction of the type of that of FIGS. 3 and 8 of the document PCT / FR 02/02160.
  • the downstream part enters the crown connected to the coach by the damping means.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The starter has an electric motor with an axially mobile pinion (5). The coupling between the motor shaft and the pinion provides damping of mechanical shocks, using a damper (20) between the connection (7) to the motor shaft and the connection (8) to the pinion. The damper (20) has radial slots that engage longitudinal projections on a drive flange (17) and on a driven flange (18).

Description

La présente invention concerne des démarreurs, pour moteur thermique, notamment de véhicule automobile, doté d'une roue de lancement dentée, du type comprenant un moteur électrique, un lanceur porteur d'un pignon d'entraínement en rotation de la roue dentée du moteur thermique et déplaçable sur un arbre de sortie solidaire en rotation de l'arbre du moteur électrique entre une position passive dans laquelle le pignon n'engrène pas la roue dentée et le moteur n'est pas excité, et une position active dans laquelle le pignon engrène avec la roue dentée et dans laquelle le moteur est excité ; le lanceur comprenant une partie d'entrée coaxiale et liée en rotation à l'arbre de sortie d'axe longitudinal X-X, une partie de sortie liée en rotation au pignon, et un dispositif d'accouplement en rotation des deux parties.The present invention relates to starters, for heat engines, in particular for motor vehicles, provided with a toothed launching wheel, of the type comprising an electric motor, a launcher carrying a pinion for driving the gear wheel of the motor in rotation thermal and movable on an integral output shaft in rotation of the electric motor shaft between a passive position in which the pinion does not mesh the gear wheel and the motor is not energized, and a active position in which the pinion meshes with the gear wheel and in which the motor is energized; the launcher comprising a coaxial and linked entry part in rotation at the output shaft of longitudinal axis X-X, an output part linked in rotation to the pinion, and a device for rotating the two parts.

Des démarreurs de ce type sont connus de l'art antérieur par exemple par les documents FR A 2 772 473 et FR A 2 795 884. Il s'est avéré que les organes mécaniques du lanceur et plus généralement du démarreur subissent des chocs pendant la phase de démarrage du moteur thermique. Des chocs axiaux quand le lanceur est déplacé contre la roue dentée du moteur thermique, des chocs torsionnels quand le pignon engrène la roue dentée. Ces chocs sont dimensionnant pour la conception du pignon, et peuvent également provoquer l'usure des pièces mécaniques du lanceur et plus généralement du démarreur.Starters of this type are known in the art earlier for example by documents FR A 2 772 473 and FR A 2 795 884. It turned out that the organs mechanical of the launcher and more generally of the starter are shocked during the start-up phase of the thermal motor. Axial shocks when the launcher is moved against the gear wheel of the engine, torsional shocks when the pinion meshes with the wheel toothed. These shocks are sizing for design pinion, and can also cause wear of mechanical parts of the launcher and more generally of the starter.

Il est connu par le document FR A 2 795 884 d'utiliser des dispositifs d'accouplement débrayables comprenant une cloche entraínée en rotation par la partie d'entrée, un arbre tubulaire constituant une extrémité de la partie de sortie et dont la surface extérieure définit une piste, et des organes d'accouplement unidirectionnel liant la piste à la cloche pour la transmission du couple orienté suivant un premier sens, et permettant à la cloche de tourner librement par rapport à la piste quand le couple est orienté en sens opposé. Ces organes sont des galets, typiquement liés à des ressorts et disposés dans des logements de formes adaptés pratiqués dans la cloche.It is known from document FR A 2 795 884 to use disengageable coupling devices comprising a bell driven in rotation by the entry part, a tubular shaft constituting a end of the outlet part and whose surface exterior defines a track, and organs one-way coupling linking the track to the bell for the transmission of the torque oriented along a first direction, and allowing the bell to rotate freely relative to the track when the torque is oriented in opposite direction. These organs are pebbles, typically linked to springs and arranged in housings of adapted forms practiced in the bell.

Ces cloches sont constituées d'une seule pièce, qui se déforme lors du passage du couple entre l'axe du moteur électrique et la piste de roue libre. Cette déformation peut entraíner une usure et un écaillage prématuré des galets et de la piste.These bells are made in one piece, which deforms when the torque passes between the axis of the electric motor and freewheeling track. This deformation can lead to wear and chipping premature pebbles and track.

En variante comme décrit dans le document FR A 2 772 433 le dispositif d'accouplement débrayable comporte un embrayage conique doté d'une surface de frottement tronconique porté par la partie de sortie et coopérant avec une portée de frottement tronconique complémentaire portée par la partie d'entrée. Il importe de ménager ces surfaces de frottement tronconiques.As a variant as described in document FR A 2 772 433 the disengageable coupling device comprises a conical clutch with a friction surface frustoconical carried by the output part and cooperating with a complementary frustoconical friction surface carried by the entry part. It is important to spare these frustoconical friction surfaces.

Dans le but de remédier à ces inconvénients il a été proposé dans le document FR A 2 754 856, conforme au préambule de la revendication 1, de doter le dispositif d'accouplement d'un moyen d'amortissement des chocs mécaniques, au moins torsionnels.In order to remedy these drawbacks, it has was proposed in document FR A 2 754 856, in accordance with preamble of claim 1, to endow the device coupling of a shock absorbing means mechanical, at least torsional.

Selon une caractéristique avantageuse, le dispositif d'accouplement comprend deux organes solidarisables en rotation par le moyen d'amortissement.According to an advantageous characteristic, the coupling device includes two parts secured in rotation by the damping means.

En pratique le dispositif d'accouplement débrayable et le moyen d'amortissement des chocs sont agencés concentriquement ce qui nécessite d'augmenter la taille radiale du carter de fixation du démarreur à la partie fixe du véhicule, sachant que ce carter sert de logement au lanceur.In practice the coupling device disengageable and the means of shock absorption are concentrically arranged which requires increasing the radial size of the starter fixing housing to the fixed part of the vehicle, knowing that this casing serves as launcher housing.

La présente invention a pour objet de ne pas augmenter la taille radiale du dispositif d'accouplement tout en dotant celui-ci d'un moyen d'amortissement des chocs au moins torsionnel. The object of the present invention is not to increase the radial size of the coupling device while providing it with a means of amortizing at least torsional shocks.

Suivant l'invention un démarreur du type sus-indiqué, comportant un dispositif d'accouplement en rotation des parties d'entrée et de sortie comprenant une partie amont d'accouplement appartenant à la partie d'entrée, une partie aval d'accouplement appartenant à la partie de sortie et un moyen d'amortissement des chocs mécaniques, au moins torsionnels, dans lequel la partie d'entrée comprend un manchon tubulaire d'entrée lié en rotation à l'arbre de sortie, est caractérisé en ce que la partie d'entrée comprend un entraíneur lié rigidement au manchon tubulaire d'entrée, en ce que la partie amont d'accouplement comporte une couronne coaxiale à l'arbre de sortie, en ce que la partie aval d'accouplement s'étend coaxialement par rapport à la couronne et en ce que la couronne et l'entraíneur sont solidarisés en rotation par le moyen d'amortissement.According to the invention a starter of the above-mentioned type, comprising a coupling device in rotation of the input and output parts including an upstream coupling part belonging to the part input, a downstream coupling part belonging to the output part and a means of damping mechanical shock, at least torsional, in which the inlet part includes a tubular inlet sleeve linked in rotation to the output shaft, is characterized by that the entry part includes a linked coach rigidly to the tubular inlet sleeve, in that the upstream coupling part has a crown coaxial with the output shaft, in that the downstream part coupling extends coaxially with respect to the crown and in that the crown and the coach are secured in rotation by the damping means.

Grâce à l'invention l'encombrement radial du lanceur n'est pas augmenté et la cloche est scindée en deux éléments à savoir l'entraíneur et la couronne entre lesquels intervient circonférentiellement le moyen d'accouplement placé axialement entre la couronne et l'entraíneur.Thanks to the invention, the radial size of the launcher is not increased and the bell is split into two elements namely the coach and the crown between which intervene circumferentially the means coupling placed axially between the crown and the coach.

Selon une autre caractéristique avantageuse de l'invention, le dispositif d'accouplement est du type à galets, dont chacun est engagé entre une portion de piste de la partie amont d'accouplement et une portion de piste de la partie aval d'accouplement ; la partie aval d'accouplement, d'une forme cylindrique, s'étendant coaxialement dans ladite couronne.According to another advantageous characteristic of the invention, the coupling device is of the type pebbles, each of which is engaged between a portion of track of the upstream coupling part and a portion track of the downstream coupling part; the part downstream coupling, cylindrical in shape, extending coaxially in said crown.

Selon une autre caractéristique avantageuse de l'invention, l'entraíneur comprend une base ayant sensiblement la forme d'un disque coaxial à l'arbre de sortie et des reliefs menants sur la face de la base orientée vers le pignon s'étendant à la fois suivant une direction radiale et suivant une direction axiale, la couronne présentant des reliefs menés orientés vers les reliefs menants s'étendant à la fois suivant une direction radiale et suivant une direction axiale, le moyen d'amortissement comportant une pluralité d'éléments amortisseurs, chaque élément amortisseur étant disposé entre un relief menant et un relief mené.According to another advantageous characteristic of the invention, the coach comprises a base having substantially the shape of a disc coaxial with the shaft of exit and leading reliefs on the face of the base oriented towards the pinion extending both along a radial direction and in an axial direction, the crown with led reliefs oriented towards leading reliefs extending both along a radial direction and in an axial direction, the damping means comprising a plurality damping elements, each damping element being disposed between a leading relief and a led relief.

Selon une autre caractéristique avantageuse de l'invention, les reliefs menants et menés sont distribués de façon angulairement équidistante sur leur surface de support en un cercle centré sur l'axe de ce dernier, les reliefs menés étant en nombre égal au nombre de reliefs menants.According to another advantageous characteristic of the invention, the leading and led reliefs are distributed angularly equidistant on their support surface in a circle centered on the axis of this last, the reliefs led being in number equal to number of leading reliefs.

Selon une autre caractéristique avantageuse de l'invention, les éléments amortisseurs sont groupés par paires qui forment chacune un ensemble dans lequel les deux éléments amortisseurs sont reliés par un élément de liaison de telle façon qu'une encoche soit formée entre eux, un relief menant ou un relief mené étant engagé dans l'encoche.According to another advantageous characteristic of the invention, the damping elements are grouped by pairs which each form a set in which the two damping elements are connected by an element of bond so that a notch is formed between them, a leading relief or a led relief being engaged in the notch.

Selon une autre caractéristique avantageuse de l'invention, la section de chaque relief menant ou mené dans un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe longitudinal X-X adopte la forme d'une patte radiale présentant deux faces latérales rectilignes convergeantes vers l'axe longitudinal X-X.According to another advantageous characteristic of the invention, the section of each relief leading or led in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis X-X adopts the shape of a radial tab having two rectilinear side faces converging towards the axis longitudinal X-X.

Selon une autre caractéristique avantageuse de l'invention, chaque élément de liaison contribue à amortir les chocs suivant la direction axiale.According to another advantageous characteristic of the invention, each connecting element contributes to absorb shocks in the axial direction.

Selon une caractéristique avantageuse de l'invention, la couronne et l'organe de la partie de sortie délimitent entre eux des logements tangentiels présentant une largeur radiale évoluant, dans un premier sens de rotation, entre une largeur minimale et une largeur maximale, et en ce que un ressort précontraint en compression et un galet sollicité par le ressort en direction de la largeur minimale du logement sont disposés dans chaque logement, la couronne portant des nervures internes sensiblement radiales séparant deux logements adjacents sur chacune desquelles prend appui l'un des ressorts, et en ce que les reliefs menés sont la prolongation axiale de ces rainures internes.According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, the crown and the organ of the part of exit delimit between them tangential housings having an evolving radial width, in a first direction of rotation, between a minimum width and a maximum width, and in that a pre-stressed spring in compression and a roller stressed by the spring in direction of the minimum width of the housing are arranged in each housing, the crown carrying substantially radial internal ribs separating two adjacent dwellings on each of which is supported one of the springs, and in that the leds are the axial extension of these internal grooves.

Selon une caractéristique avantageuse de l'invention, une rondelle est interposée entre le moyen d'amortissement et les galets pour éviter des déplacements axiaux des galets provoqués par la déformation du moyen d'amortissement.According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, a washer is interposed between the means cushioning and rollers to avoid axial displacements of the rollers caused by the deformation of the damping means.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront clairement de la description qui en est faite ci-après, à titre indicatif et nullement limitatif, en référence aux dessins annexés, dans lesquels:

  • la Figure 1 est une vue en coupe longitudinale, illustrant un démarreur conforme à l'art antérieur ;
  • la Figure 2 est une vue en perspective du lanceur conforme à un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention ;
  • la Figure 3 est une autre vue en perspective du lanceur selon la figure 2 ;
  • la Figure 4 est une vue éclatée du lanceur selon la figure 2 ;
  • la Figure 5 est une vue en coupe d'un détail de la figure 4 ;
  • la Figure 6 est une vue en coupe d'un détail de la figure 2 ;
  • la Figure 7 est une vue éclatée d'un lanceur conforme à un second mode de réalisation de l'invention ;
  • la Figure 8 est une vue en perspective montrant le lanceur selon la figure 7 à l'état assemblé.
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge clearly from the description which is given below, for information and in no way limitative, with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
  • Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view illustrating a starter according to the prior art;
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view of the launcher according to a first embodiment of the invention;
  • Figure 3 is another perspective view of the launcher according to Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 is an exploded view of the launcher according to Figure 2;
  • Figure 5 is a sectional view of a detail of Figure 4;
  • Figure 6 is a sectional view of a detail of Figure 2;
  • Figure 7 is an exploded view of a launcher according to a second embodiment of the invention;
  • Figure 8 is a perspective view showing the launcher according to Figure 7 in the assembled state.

Pour faciliter la compréhension de l'invention, on décrira d'abord la structure générale d'un démarreur classique en se référant à la figure 1.To facilitate understanding of the invention, we will first describe the general structure of a starter classic with reference to Figure 1.

Ainsi qu'on le sait un véhicule automobile comporte un moteur thermique, qui pour son démarrage, est doté d'une roue de lancement ou de démarrage dentée (non représentée) destinée à être entraínée en rotation par le pignon d'un démarreur. Ce démarreur comprend essentiellement un moteur électrique 1 dont l'arbre moteur 2 entraíne en rotation autour d'un axe X-X un arbre de sortie 2' axialement aligné sur l'arbre 2, un lanceur 3 axialement coulissant sur l'arbre 2' mais solidaire en rotation de celui-ci et porteur d'un pignon 5 d'entraínement en rotation de la roue de lancement dentée, et une fourchette pivotante 4 déplaçant le lanceur 3 axialement sur l'arbre 2', entre une position passive de repos et une position active d'engagement.As we know a motor vehicle includes a heat engine, which for its start-up, has a toothed launch or starter wheel (not shown) intended to be rotated by the pinion of a starter. This starter includes essentially an electric motor 1 whose shaft motor 2 rotates around an axis X-X un output shaft 2 'axially aligned on shaft 2, a launcher 3 axially sliding on the shaft 2 'but integral in rotation with the latter and carrying a pinion 5 in rotation of the launch wheel toothed, and a pivoting fork 4 moving the launcher 3 axially on the shaft 2 ', between a position passive rest and an active position of engagement.

A la figure 1 un réducteur de vitesse à train d'engrenage épicycloïdal intervient de manière connue entre les deux arbres 2, 2'. En variante les deux arbres 2 et 2' sont confondus. Dans tous les cas l'arbre de sortie est solidaire en rotation de l'arbre du moteur électrique, constituant l'arbre d'induit de celui-ci. L'ensemble de ces éléments est enfermé dans un carter 6 servant de support à un contacteur électromagnétique (non représenté) s'étendant parallèlement au moteur électrique. Le carter 6 sert également à la fixation du démarreur sur une partie fixe du véhicule automobile. L'encombrement radial du carter 6 n'est pas modifié grâce aux caractéristiques de l'invention décrites ci-après.In Figure 1 a train speed reducer of planetary gear intervenes in a known manner between the two trees 2, 2 '. Alternatively the two trees 2 and 2 'are confused. In any case, the tree of output is integral in rotation with the motor shaft electric, constituting the armature shaft thereof. All of these elements are enclosed in a casing 6 serving as support for an electromagnetic contactor (not shown) extending parallel to the motor electric. The casing 6 is also used for fixing the starter on a fixed part of the motor vehicle. The radial size of the casing 6 is not changed thanks to the characteristics of the invention described below.

Le contacteur est décrit par exemple dans le document FR A 2 795 884, auquel on se reportera pour plus de précisions, et comporte donc une bobine reliée à l'interrupteur de démarrage du véhicule automobile, un noyau mobile, un noyau fixe, un contact mobile et des ressorts. La fourchette est reliée, ici via un ressort, au noyau mobile. Ce noyau mobile, lorsque la bobine est activée suite à une fermeture de l'interrupteur de démarrage, se déplace pour agir sur un contact mobile destiné à venir en contact avec des plots, dont l'un est relié à la borne positive de la batterie du véhicule et l'autre au moteur électrique 1, pour alimentation électrique du moteur électrique 1. Lors de son déplacement le noyau mobile fait pivoter la fourchette 4, qui déplace le lanceur 3.The contactor is described for example in the document FR A 2 795 884, to which reference will be made for more details, and therefore includes a coil connected to the motor vehicle start switch, a moving core, a fixed core, a moving contact and springs. The fork is connected, here via a spring, to the moving core. This moving core, when the coil is activated after closing the switch startup, moves to act on a mobile contact intended to come into contact with studs, one of which is connected to the positive terminal of the vehicle battery and the other to the electric motor 1, for power electric motor 1. When displacement the moving core rotates the fork 4, which moves the launcher 3.

Dans la position active (moteur électrique 1 alimenté ou excité) , le pignon 5, monté à une extrémité du lanceur 3, engrène la roue de lancement du moteur thermique pour démarrer celui-ci et vient en contact avec une butée (non référencée) portée par l'extrémité de l'arbre de sortie 2'.In the active position (electric motor 1 powered or energized), pinion 5, mounted at one end of the starter 3, engages the engine launch wheel thermal to start this one and comes in contact with a stop (not referenced) carried by the end of the output shaft 2 '.

Dans la position passive de repos (moteur électrique non excité), le pignon 5 est désengagé de cette roue de lancement et occupe la position illustrée à la figure 1.In the passive rest position (motor not excited), pinion 5 is disengaged from this launch wheel and occupies the position shown in Figure 1.

Le lanceur 3 comprend, d'une part, une partie d'entrée 7, liée en rotation à l'arbre 2' par une liaison à cannelures hélicoïdales complémentaires intervenant localement entre la périphérie interne de la partie d'entrée 7 et la périphérie externe de l'arbre 2', et, d'autre part, une partie de sortie 8 comprenant le pignon 5. Un dispositif d'accouplement 9 débrayable, ici à roue libre à galets en variante à embrayage conique, intervient entre les parties 7, 8 et est susceptible de solidariser en rotation les deux parties 7 et 8 et transmet à la partie de sortie 8 un couple exercé par l'arbre 2', si ce couple s'exerce dans un premier sens de rotation R, qui est le sens de rotation normal du moteur électrique 1. Si le couple s'exerce dans le sens opposé, ce couple à partir d'un seuil n'est pas transmis ; la partie 8 étant alors libre en rotation par rapport à la partie d'entrée 7 solidaire en torsion de l'arbre 2' en sorte que lorsque le moteur thermique démarre et que la vitesse de la roue de lancement augmente, le pignon 5 ne peut entraíner le moteur électrique 1 à une vitesse trop élevée qui pourrait l'endommager.The launcher 3 comprises, on the one hand, a part input 7, linked in rotation to the shaft 2 'by a connection with complementary helical splines intervening locally between the internal periphery of the input part 7 and the outer periphery of the shaft 2 ', and, on the other hand, an outlet part 8 comprising the pinion 5. A disengageable coupling device 9, here with freewheel with rollers variant with clutch conical, intervenes between parts 7, 8 and is likely to join in rotation the two parts 7 and 8 and transmits a torque to the output part 8 exercised by the shaft 2 ', if this couple is exerted in a first direction of rotation R, which is the direction of rotation normal electric motor 1. If the torque is exerted in the opposite direction, this torque from a threshold is not not transmitted; part 8 then being free to rotate relative to the input part 7 secured in torsion shaft 2 'so that when the engine starts and the speed of the launch wheel increases, the pinion 5 can not drive the motor electric 1 at too high a speed which could damage.

L'invention concerne essentiellement le lanceur 3 traversé par l'arbre de sortie 2', qui sera décrite ci-dessous en se référant aux figures 2 à 8.The invention relates essentially to the launcher 3 crossed by the output shaft 2 ', which will be described below with reference to Figures 2 to 8.

La partie d'entrée 7 comprend, axialement alignés sur l'axe X-X, un segment d'arbre d'entrée 10 tubulaire, constituant un manchon tubulaire d'entrée d'orientation axiale, portant un guide de fourchette 11 en forme de gouttière ou gorge annulaire, dans laquelle est engagée l'extrémité 4' de commande de la fourchette 4, et une partie amont d'accouplement 12. Le manchon tubulaire 10 présente localement intérieurement à sa périphérie interne les cannelures hélicoïdales précitées pour venir en prise de manière complémentaire avec les cannelures hélicoïdales que présente localement à sa périphérie externe l'arbre de sortie 2' en sorte que le manchon 10 est lié en rotation à l'arbre de sortie 2' mais peut se déplacer axialement par rapport à celui-ci. Deux rondelles sont rapportées à fixation sur le manchon 10 pour former le guide de fourchette 11. En variante une seule rondelle est rapportée sur le manchon 10 et l'autre flanc de la gorge formant le guide de fourchette est constitué par la face arrière d'un entraíneur 17 ou d'un couvercle 19 décrits ci-après.
La partie de sortie 8 est essentiellement constituée d'un segment d'arbre de sortie 13 tubulaire, constituant un manchon tubulaire de sortie d'orientation axiale, portant le pignon 5 à son extrémité avant 14 et une partie aval d'accouplement 15 à son extrémité arrière 16.The inlet part 7 comprises, axially aligned on the axis XX, a tubular inlet shaft segment 10, constituting a tubular inlet sleeve of axial orientation, carrying a fork guide 11 in the form of a gutter or annular groove, in which the end 4 ′ for controlling the fork 4 is engaged, and an upstream coupling part 12. The tubular sleeve 10 has internally internally at its internal periphery the abovementioned helical grooves for engaging in a complementary manner with the helical grooves that presents locally at its external periphery the output shaft 2 'so that the sleeve 10 is linked in rotation to the output shaft 2' but can move axially relative to the latter. Two washers are attached to the sleeve 10 to form the fork guide 11. As a variant, a single washer is attached to the sleeve 10 and the other side of the groove forming the fork guide consists of the rear face of a trainer 17 or a cover 19 described below.
The outlet part 8 essentially consists of a tubular outlet shaft segment 13, constituting an axially oriented tubular outlet sleeve, carrying the pinion 5 at its front end 14 and a downstream coupling part 15 at its rear end 16.

Le dispositif d'accouplement 9 débrayable est comme sur la figure 1 de type à galets. Les galets portent la référence 22. La partie amont d'accouplement 12 comprend suivant une caractéristique de l'invention, un entraíneur 17, d'orientation transversale, solidaire du manchon d'entrée 10, une couronne 18, d'orientation axiale, mobile par rapport à l'entraíneur 17, un couvercle 19 d'assemblage de forme creuse liant l'un à l'autre l'entraíneur 17 et la couronne 18 en translation axiale.The disengageable coupling device 9 is as in Figure 1 of the roller type. The pebbles bear the reference 22. The upstream coupling part 12 comprises according to a characteristic of the invention, a trainer 17, of transverse orientation, integral of the inlet sleeve 10, a crown 18, of orientation axial, movable relative to the coach 17, a cover 19 of assembly of hollow form linking one to the other the coach 17 and the crown 18 in translation axial.

Suivant une caractéristique de l'invention un moyen d'amortissement 20 est placé axialement entre l'entraíneur 17 et la couronne 18 et assure la liaison en rotation entre eux. Ainsi le moyen d'amortissement 20 intervient axialement et circonférentiellement entre la couronne 18 et l'entraíneur 17 lié rigidement au manchon d'entrée 10. Ce moyen amortisseur est circonférentiellement élastique en sorte que la couronne 18 et l'entraíneur 17 appartiennent à un amortisseur de torsion à action circonférentielle.According to a characteristic of the invention a damping means 20 is placed axially between the coach 17 and the crown 18 and ensures the connection rotating between them. So the depreciation means 20 intervenes axially and circumferentially between the crown 18 and the coach 17 rigidly connected to the sleeve input 10. This damping means is circumferentially elastic so that the crown 18 and the coach 17 belong to a shock absorber of circumferential twist.

Comme à la figure 1 la matière de l'extrémité arrière du couvercle 19 est rabattue radialement au contact de la face arrière de l'entraíneur 17 pour calage axial de l'ensemble entraíneur 17- moyen d'amortissement 20- couronne 18 entre la paroi avant d'orientation transversale, traversée par l'arbre 2', du couvercle 19 et la matière rabattue de l'extrémité arrière du couvercle 19 comportant un rebord annulaire d'orientation axiale à l'intérieur duquel se loge ledit ensemble.As in Figure 1 the material of the end rear of cover 19 is folded radially at contact of the rear face of the coach 17 for axial setting of the driving assembly 17- medium damping 20- crown 18 between the front wall transverse orientation, crossed by the 2 'shaft, cover 19 and the material folded down from the end rear of cover 19 having an annular rim axial orientation inside which is housed said together.

La partie aval d'accouplement 15 est constituée par l'extrémité arrière 16 de l'arbre de sortie 13, qui présente une surface extérieure cylindrique définissant une piste 21 de roulement pour les galets 22 qui sont interposés entre cette piste 21 et la surface interne de la couronne 18 comme il sera exposé plus bas. L'extrémité arrière 16 est d'un diamètre légèrement supérieur au reste de l'arbre 13. La partie aval d'accouplement 15 est engagée de manière coaxiale dans la couronne mobile 18.The downstream coupling part 15 consists by the rear end 16 of the output shaft 13, which has a cylindrical outer surface defining a track 21 for the rollers 22 which are interposed between this track 21 and the internal surface of the crown 18 as will be explained below. The rear end 16 is of a diameter slightly higher than the rest of the tree 13. The downstream part coupling 15 is engaged coaxially in the movable crown 18.

La transmission sélective du couple entre la partie d'entrée 7 et la partie de sortie 8 est assurée par les galets 22 maintenus par des ressorts 23 disposés dans des logements profilés 24 pratiqués dans la couronne 18.The selective transmission of torque between the inlet part 7 and outlet part 8 is provided by the rollers 22 held by springs 23 arranged in profiled housings 24 practiced in the crown 18.

L'entraíneur 17 comprend une base 25 ayant sensiblement la forme d'un disque coaxial à l'axe X-X et présentant une face avant 26 orientée vers le pignon 5. Des reliefs menants 27 solidaires de la base 25, s'étendant à la fois suivant une direction radiale et suivant une direction axiale, font saillies sur la face avant 26 de la base 25. L'entraíneur 17 appartient à un amortisseur de torsion comprenant le moyen 20.The coach 17 comprises a base 25 having substantially the shape of a disc coaxial with the axis X-X and having a front face 26 oriented towards the pinion 5. Leading reliefs 27 integral with the base 25, extending both in a radial direction and in an axial direction, protrude from the face before 26 of base 25. Coach 17 belongs to a torsional damper comprising the means 20.

Dans le mode de réalisation représenté sur les figures 2, 3 et 4, la couronne 18 a une double fonction car elle appartient au dispositif d'accouplement 9 et coopère avec le moyen d'amortissement en appartenant à un amortisseur de torsion à action circonférentielle. Pour ce faire la couronne 18 présente sensiblement la forme d'un cylindre coaxial à l'axe X-X, ayant une paroi d'une certaine épaisseur radiale et présentant une face frontale arrière 28 orientée vers la base 25. Des reliefs menés 29 s'étendant à la fois suivant une direction radiale et suivant une direction axiale font saillies sur la face 28 de la couronne 18. Le diamètre extérieur de la couronne 18 est sensiblement le même que celui de la base 25 de l'entraíneur 17. In the embodiment shown in the Figures 2, 3 and 4, the crown 18 has a dual function because it belongs to the coupling device 9 and cooperates with the depreciation means by belonging to a circumferential action torsional damper. To do this, the crown 18 has substantially the shape of a cylinder coaxial with the axis X-X, having a wall of a certain radial thickness and having a face rear frontal 28 oriented towards the base 25. Des led reliefs 29 extending both along a radial direction and in an axial direction do protrusions on the face 28 of the crown 18. The diameter outside of the crown 18 is substantially the same as that of the base 25 of the coach 17.

Les reliefs menants 27 et menés 29 sont distribués, de préférence, de façon angulairement équidistante sur leur surface de support en un cercle centré sur l'axe de ce dernier. Les reliefs menés 29 sont en nombre égal au nombre de reliefs menants 27.The leading reliefs 27 and led 29 are preferably distributed angularly equidistant on their support surface in a circle centered on the axis of the latter. The reliefs led 29 are in number equal to the number of leading reliefs 27.

Le moyen d'amortissement 20 comprend une pluralité d'éléments amortisseurs 30, typiquement des blocs, qui sont chacun disposés, dans un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe X-X, entre un relief menant 27 et un relief mené 29, comme illustré sur la figure 3.The damping means 20 comprises a plurality damping elements 30, typically blocks, which are each arranged in a plane perpendicular to the X-X axis, between a leading relief 27 and a led relief 29, as illustrated in FIG. 3.

Dans l'exemple représenté, les éléments amortisseurs 30 sont groupés par paires qui forment chacune un ensemble dans lequel les deux éléments 30 sont reliés par un élément de liaison 31 de telle façon qu'une encoche 32 soit formée entre eux.In the example shown, the elements shock absorbers 30 are grouped in pairs which form each a set in which the two elements 30 are connected by a connecting element 31 in such a way a notch 32 is formed between them.

A l'état assemblé du lanceur, les reliefs menants 27 s'engagent chacun dans une encoche 32, de telle sorte que ces reliefs menants 27 soient coiffés par les éléments de liaison 31 qui les séparent de la couronne 18. Les reliefs menés 29 s'intercalent entre chaque paire d'éléments amortisseurs 30.In the assembled state of the launcher, the driving reliefs 27 each engage in a notch 32, so that that these leading reliefs 27 are capped by the connecting elements 31 which separate them from the crown 18. The reliefs 29 are inserted between each pair of damping elements 30.

La section de chaque relief menant 27 ou mené 29 dans un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe longitudinal X-X adopte de préférence la forme d'une patte radiale présentant deux faces latérales rectilignes convergeant vers l'axe longitudinal X-X. Les pattes s'étendent à partir de la surface périphérique de la base 25 et de la couronne 18.The section of each relief leading 27 or led 29 in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis X-X preferably adopts the shape of a radial tab having two straight side faces converging towards the longitudinal axis X-X. The legs extend to from the peripheral surface of base 25 and the crown 18.

Les éléments amortisseurs 30 sont élastiques et réalisés en élastomère, par exemple en caoutchouc ou dans un matériau élastique synthétique approprié. En variante les éléments amortisseurs sont métalliques et ont par exemple une forme en accordéon. The damping elements 30 are elastic and made of elastomer, for example rubber or in a suitable synthetic elastic material. In variant the damping elements are metallic and for example have an accordion shape.

Comme illustré sur la figure 5, les reliefs menés 29 sont séparés de la base 25 de l'entraíneur 17 par un jeu J.As illustrated in Figure 5, the reliefs led 29 are separated from the base 25 of the coach 17 by a game J.

En se référant à la figure 3, on constate que le couvercle 19 enveloppe l'ensemble constitué par l'entraíneur 17, le moyen d'amortissement 20 et la couronne 18 radialement et dans les deux directions axiales. Outre les fonctions décrites plus haut, il assure également la liaison en translation axiale entre la couronne 18 et la partie de sortie 8. Le couvercle 19 est constitué d'une paroi cylindrique mince d'axe X-X, les deux faces axiales étant partiellement fermées par des parois minces sensiblement en forme de disques évidés en leurs centres.Referring to Figure 3, we see that the cover 19 covers the assembly consisting of the coach 17, the damping means 20 and the crown 18 radially and in both directions Axial. In addition to the functions described above, it also ensures the connection in axial translation between the crown 18 and the outlet part 8. The cover 19 consists of a thin cylindrical wall of axis X-X, the two axial faces being partially closed by thin walls substantially disc-shaped hollowed out in their centers.

Comme le montre la figure 6, la couronne 18 et la piste 21 délimitent entre elles des logements tangentiels 24 présentant une largeur radiale évoluant, dans le sens de rotation R, entre une largeur minimale et une largeur maximale. Un ressort 23 précontraint en compression et un galet 22 coaxial à la couronne 18 sont disposés dans chaque logement 24. La couronne 18 porte des nervures internes radiales 34 séparant deux logements 24 adjacents, le ressort 23 prenant appui d'un côté sur une nervure 34, et le galet 22 étant sollicité par le ressort 23 en direction de la largeur minimale du logement 24.As shown in Figure 6, the crown 18 and the runway 21 delimit accommodation between them tangentials 24 having an evolving radial width, in the direction of rotation R, between a minimum width and a maximum width. A spring 23 prestressed in compression and a roller 22 coaxial with the crown 18 are arranged in each housing 24. The crown 18 carries radial internal ribs 34 separating two adjacent housing 24, the spring 23 being supported by a side on a rib 34, and the roller 22 being biased by the spring 23 towards the minimum width of the housing 24.

Quand le couple s'exerce dans le sens de rotation R, le galet 22 roule sur la piste 21 et sur le fond du logement 24 qui lui fait face, dans la direction opposée à R et vient se caler dans la zone de largeur minimale du logement 24. Le galet 22 empêche alors la piste 21 et la couronne 18 de bouger l'une par rapport à l'autre, et assure donc la transmission du couple.When the torque is exerted in the direction of rotation R, the roller 22 rolls on runway 21 and on the bottom of the housing 24 facing it, in the opposite direction to R and comes to wedge in the zone of minimum width of the housing 24. The roller 22 then prevents the track 21 and the crown 18 to move relative to one another, and therefore ensures the transmission of torque.

Quand le couple s'exerce dans le sens de rotation opposé à R, le galet 22 roule sur la piste 21 et sur le fond du logement 24 qui lui fait face, dans la direction de R, donc vers la zone de plus grande largeur du logement 24. Quand le galet 22 atteint un point où la largeur du logement 24 est plus grande que le diamètre du galet 22, il peut alors rouler librement sur la piste 21 car il n'est plus en contact avec le fond du logement 24. La piste 21 et la couronne 18 sont donc libres en rotation l'une part rapport à l'autre, et la transmission du couple n'est plus assurée.When the torque is exerted in the direction of rotation opposite R, the roller 22 rolls on runway 21 and on the bottom of the housing 24 facing it, in the direction of R, so towards the wider area of the housing 24. When the roller 22 reaches a point where the width of the housing 24 is greater than the diameter roller 22, it can then roll freely on the track 21 because it is no longer in contact with the bottom of the housing 24. Runway 21 and ring 18 are therefore free in rotation one part relative to the other, and the torque transmission is no longer ensured.

Il est à noter qu'une rondelle 33 d'axe X-X est interposée entre le moyen d'amortissement 20 et la couronne 18 de façon à séparer le moyen d'amortissement 20 des galets 22 pour éviter des déplacements axiaux des galets 22 provoqués par la déformation du moyen d'amortissement 20. Le bord extérieur de la rondelle 33 est découpé pour s'adapter à la forme des reliefs menés 29.It should be noted that a washer 33 of axis X-X is interposed between the damping means 20 and the crown 18 so as to separate the damping means 20 of the rollers 22 to avoid axial displacements of the rollers 22 caused by the deformation of the means damping 20. The outer edge of the washer 33 is cut to fit the shape of the reliefs conducted 29.

Concernant le fonctionnement du lanceur 3, on comprend que les chocs torsionnels qui se propagent de l'axe moteur 2 vers le pignon 6 ou en sens inverse passent donc respectivement des reliefs menants 27 aux reliefs menés 29 ou des reliefs menés 29 aux reliefs menants 27, et sont amortis dans les deux cas par la déformation des éléments amortisseurs 30 situés entre eux.Regarding the operation of launcher 3, we understands that the torsional shocks that spread from the motor axis 2 towards the pinion 6 or in the opposite direction therefore pass respectively leading reliefs 27 to reliefs led 29 or reliefs led 29 to reliefs leading 27, and are amortized in both cases by the deformation of the damping elements 30 located between them.

En cas de choc axial, les éléments de liaison 31 et les éléments amortisseurs 30 absorbent une partie de l'énergie transmise entre la couronne 18 et l'entraíneur 17 par déformation. Le jeu J est dimensionné de telle façon que la déformation des éléments de liaison 31 et des éléments amortisseurs 30 n'entraínent pas de contacts entre les reliefs menés 29 et la base 25 de l'entraíneur 17. Les éléments de liaison 31 contribuent à amortir le choc axial. In the event of an axial shock, the connecting elements 31 and the damping elements 30 absorb part of the energy transmitted between the crown 18 and the coach 17 by deformation. Game J is sized in such a way so that the deformation of the connecting elements 31 and damping elements 30 do not cause contacts between the reliefs led 29 and the base 25 of the coach 17. The connecting elements 31 contribute to absorb the axial shock.

L'utilisation d'une partie amont d'accouplement 12 constituée d'une couronne 18 solidaire d'un entraíneur 17, lié rigidement au manchon 10, par l'intermédiaire d'un moyen d'amortissement 20, en lieu et place d'une cloche dans l'art ancien, présente l'avantage de permettre une légère déformation de la partie amont d'accouplement 12 sans que l'axe de la couronne 18 ne soit modifié, la déformation étant absorbée par le moyen d'amortissement 20, ce qui évite que les galets 22 se mettent en porte-à-faux par rapport à la piste 21 et au fond des logements 24 et limite donc les risques d'écaillage.The use of an upstream coupling part 12 consisting of a crown 18 integral with a coach 17, rigidly connected to the sleeve 10, via damping means 20, instead of a bell in ancient art, has the advantage of allow a slight deformation of the upstream part coupling 12 without the axis of the crown 18 not be modified, the deformation being absorbed by the means damping 20, which prevents the rollers 22 are cantilevered from runway 21 and the bottom of housing 24 and therefore limits the risks flaking.

Les figures 7 et 8 illustrent un second mode de réalisation de l'invention dans lequel les reliefs menés 29 sont constitués par la prolongation dans la direction axiale des nervures 34. Les reliefs menés 29 ne s'étendent donc pas radialement jusqu'à la périphérie de la couronne 18. Dans ce mode de réalisation, la couronne 18 s'étend radialement jusqu'à la face avant de la base 25.Figures 7 and 8 illustrate a second mode of realization of the invention in which the reliefs led 29 are constituted by the extension in the axial direction of the ribs 34. The reliefs led 29 therefore do not extend radially to the periphery of the crown 18. In this embodiment, the crown 18 extends radially to the front face of base 25.

La distribution et la forme des reliefs menants 27 sont complémentaires de celles des reliefs menés, les reliefs menants 27 s'emboítant entre les reliefs menés 29, à l'intérieur de la couronne 18, et les éléments amortisseurs 30 étant eux aussi disposés à l'intérieur de la couronne 18, chacun entre un relief menant 27 et un relief mené 29.The distribution and shape of the leading reliefs 27 are complementary to those of the reliefs led, the leading reliefs 27 fitting between the led reliefs 29, inside the crown 18, and the elements shock absorbers 30 also being arranged inside of the crown 18, each between a relief leading 27 and a led relief 29.

Ce second mode de réalisation permet une fabrication plus simple et moins coûteuse des couronnes 18.This second embodiment allows a simpler and less costly crown manufacturing 18.

De multiples modifications peuvent être apportées aux modes de réalisation décrits et représentés. Ainsi les positions des reliefs menants 27 et menés 29 peuvent être indifféremment inversées, les reliefs menés 29 étant engagés dans les encoches 32 et les reliefs menants 27 séparant les paires d'éléments amortisseurs 30. Les reliefs pourraient avoir toute autre forme appropriée et les éléments amortisseurs pourraient être réunis en une couronne, afin de faciliter l'assemblage du lanceur.Multiple changes can be made to the embodiments described and shown. So the positions of the leading reliefs 27 and led 29 can be reversed, the reliefs led 29 being engaged in the notches 32 and the reliefs 27 leading separating the pairs of damping elements 30. The reliefs could have any other form appropriate and the shock absorbers could be united in a crown, to facilitate assembly of the launcher.

En variante le dispositif d'accouplement débrayable est du type à embrayage conique la couronne 18 portant à sa périphérie interne ou externe une suface de frottement tronconique propre à coopérer de manière complémentaire avec une surface de frottement tronconique portée par l'extrémité arrière 16 de la partie aval 15. Pour plus de précisions on se reportera par exemple aux documents FR A 2 772 433 et PCT/FR 02/02160.Alternatively the coupling device disengageable is of the conical clutch type the crown 18 carrying on its internal or external periphery a surface frustoconical friction suitable for cooperating so complementary with a friction surface frustoconical carried by the rear end 16 of the downstream part 15. For more details, see for example to documents FR A 2 772 433 and PCT / FR 02/02160.

Dans tous les cas la partie aval d'accouplement s'étend coaxialement par rapport à la couronne Cette partie aval pénètre dans la couronne ou en variante entoure la couronne lorsque le dispositif d'accouplement comporte un embrayage conique avec une surface de frottement du type de celle des figures 3 et 8 du document PCT/FR 02/02160. Dans les cas des figures 5 et 6 de ce document la partie aval pénètre dans la couronne reliée à l'entraíneur par le moyen amortisseur.In all cases the downstream coupling part extends coaxially with respect to the crown This downstream part enters the crown or alternatively surrounds the crown when the coupling device has a conical clutch with a surface of friction of the type of that of FIGS. 3 and 8 of the document PCT / FR 02/02160. In the cases of Figures 5 and 6 of this document the downstream part enters the crown connected to the coach by the damping means.

Claims (9)

Démarreur pour moteur thermique, notamment de véhicule automobile, doté d'une roue de lancement dentée, du type comprenant un moteur électrique (1), un lanceur (3) porteur d'un pignon (5) d'entraínement en rotation de la roue dentée du moteur thermique et déplaçable sur un arbre de sortie (2') solidaire en rotation de l'arbre (2) du moteur électrique (1) entre une position passive dans laquelle le pignon (5) est désengagé de la roue dentée et le moteur électrique (1) n'est pas excité, et une position active dans laquelle le pignon (5) engrène avec la roue dentée et dans laquelle le moteur électrique est excité, dans lequel le lanceur (3) comporte une partie d'entrée (7) coaxiale et liée en rotation à l'arbre de sortie (2') d'axe longitudinal (X-X), une partie de sortie (8) liée en rotation au pignon (5), et un dispositif d'accouplement (9) en rotation des deux parties comprenant une partie amont d'accouplement (12) appartenant à la partie d'entrée (7), une partie aval d'accouplement (15) appartenant à la partie de sortie (8) et un moyen d'amortissement (20) des chocs mécaniques, au moins torsionnels et dans lequel la partie d'entrée (7) comprend un manchon tubulaire d'entrée (10) lié en rotation à l'arbre de sortie (2') caractérisé en ce que la partie d'entrée (7) comprend un entraíneur (17) lié rigidement au manchon tubulaire d'entrée (10), en ce que la partie amont d'accouplement (12) comporte une couronne (18) coaxiale à l'arbre de sortie (2'), en ce que la partie aval d'accouplement s'étend coaxialement par rapport à la couronne et en ce que la couronne (18) et l'entraíneur (17) sont solidarisés en rotation par le moyen d'amortissement (20).Starter for a thermal engine, in particular for a motor vehicle, provided with a toothed launching wheel, of the type comprising an electric motor (1), a launcher (3) carrying a pinion (5) for driving the wheel in rotation gear of the heat engine and movable on an output shaft (2 ') integral in rotation with the shaft (2) of the electric motor (1) between a passive position in which the pinion (5) is disengaged from the gear wheel and the electric motor (1) is not excited, and an active position in which the pinion (5) meshes with the toothed wheel and in which the electric motor is excited, in which the launcher (3) has an input part ( 7) coaxial and linked in rotation to the output shaft (2 ') of longitudinal axis (XX), an output part (8) linked in rotation to the pinion (5), and a coupling device (9) in rotation of the two parts comprising an upstream coupling part (12) belonging to the inlet part (7), a part e downstream coupling (15) belonging to the outlet part (8) and a damping means (20) of mechanical shocks, at least torsional and in which the inlet part (7) comprises a tubular sleeve inlet (10) linked in rotation to the output shaft (2 ') characterized in that the inlet part (7) comprises a driver (17) rigidly connected to the tubular inlet sleeve (10), in that the upstream coupling part (12) comprises a ring (18) coaxial with the output shaft (2 '), in that the downstream coupling part extends coaxially with respect to the ring and in that the crown (18) and the coach (17) are secured in rotation by the damping means (20). Démarreur suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'accouplement (9) est du type à galets (22), dont chacun est engagé entre une portion de piste de la partie amont d'accouplement (12) et une portion de piste de la partie aval d'accouplement (15), caractérisé en ce que la partie aval d'accouplement (15), d'une forme cylindrique, s'étend coaxialement dans ladite couronne (18).Starter according to claim 1, characterized in that the coupling device (9) is of the roller type (22), each of which is engaged between a track portion of the upstream coupling part (12) and a portion of track of the downstream coupling part (15), characterized in that the downstream coupling part (15), of a cylindrical shape, extends coaxially in said crown (18). Démarreur suivant la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'entraíneur (17) comprend une base (25) ayant sensiblement la forme d'un disque coaxial à l'arbre de sortie (2') et des reliefs menants (27) sur la face (26) de la base (25) orientée vers le pignon (5) s'étendant à la fois suivant une direction radiale et suivant une direction axiale en ce que la couronne (18) présente des reliefs menés (29) orientés vers les reliefs menants (27) s'étendant à la fois suivant une direction radiale et suivant une direction axiale, et en ce que le moyen d'amortissement (20) comporte une pluralité d'éléments amortisseurs (30), chaque élément amortisseur (30) étant disposé entre un relief menant (27) et un relief mené (29).Starter according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the driver (17) comprises a base (25) having substantially the shape of a disc coaxial with the output shaft (2 ') and leading reliefs (27) on the face (26) of the base (25) oriented towards the pinion (5) extending both in a radial direction and in an axial direction in that the crown (18) has driven reliefs (29) oriented towards the driving reliefs (27) extending both in a radial direction and in an axial direction, and in that the damping means (20) comprises a plurality of damping elements (30), each damping element ( 30) being arranged between a leading relief (27) and a driven relief (29). Démarreur suivant la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que les reliefs menants (27) et menés (29) sont distribués de façon angulairement équidistante sur leur surface de support en un cercle centré sur l'axe de ce dernier, les reliefs menés (29) étant en nombre égal au nombre de reliefs menants (27).Starter according to Claim 3, characterized in that the driving reliefs (27) and driven (29) are distributed angularly equidistant on their support surface in a circle centered on the axis of the latter, the driven reliefs (29) being in number equal to the number of leading reliefs (27). Démarreur suivant la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que la section de chaque relief menant (27) ou mené (29) dans un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe longitudinal (X-X) adopte la forme d'une patte radiale présentant deux faces latérales rectilignes convergeantes vers l'axe longitudinal (X-X).Starter according to claim 4, characterized in that the section of each leading (27) or driven (29) relief in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (XX) takes the form of a radial tab having two converging rectilinear side faces towards the longitudinal axis (XX). Démarreur suivant l'une des revendications 3 à 5, caractérisé en ce que les éléments amortisseurs (30) sont groupés par paires qui forment chacune un ensemble dans lequel les deux éléments (30) sont reliés par un élément de liaison (31) de telle façon qu'une encoche (32) soit formée entre eux, un relief menant (27) ou un relief mené (29) étant engagés dans l'encoche (32).Starter according to one of Claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the damping elements (30) are grouped in pairs which each form an assembly in which the two elements (30) are connected by a connecting element (31) of such so that a notch (32) is formed therebetween, a leading relief (27) or a led relief (29) being engaged in the notch (32). Démarreur électrique suivant la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que chaque élément de liaison (31) contribue à amortir les chocs suivant la direction axiale.Electric starter according to claim 6, characterized in that each connecting element (31) contributes to absorbing shocks in the axial direction. Démarreur suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 7, caractérisé en ce que la couronne (18) et la partie aval d'accouplement (15) délimitent entre eux des logements tangentiels (24) présentant une largeur radiale évoluant, dans un premier sens de rotation, entre une largeur minimale et une largeur maximale, et en ce que un ressort (23) précontraint en compression et un galet (22) sollicité par le ressort (23) en direction de la largeur minimale du logement (24) sont disposés dans chaque logement (24), la couronne (18) portant des nervures internes (34) sensiblement radiales séparant deux logements (24) adjacents sur chacune desquelles prend appui l'un des ressorts (23), et en ce que les reliefs menés (29) sont la prolongation axiale de ces voiles internes (34).Starter according to any one of Claims 3 to 7, characterized in that the crown (18) and the downstream coupling part (15) delimit between them tangential housings (24) having a radial width which varies in a first direction of rotation, between a minimum width and a maximum width, and in that a spring (23) prestressed in compression and a roller (22) biased by the spring (23) in the direction of the minimum width of the housing (24) are arranged in each housing (24), the crown (18) carrying internal ribs (34) substantially radial separating two adjacent housing (24) on each of which is supported one of the springs (23), and in that the reliefs driven ( 29) are the axial extension of these internal webs (34). Démarreur suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 8, caractérisé en ce que une rondelle (33) est interposée entre le moyen d'amortissement (20) et les galets (22) pour éviter des déplacements axiaux des galets (22) provoqués par la déformation du moyen d'amortissement (20).Starter according to any one of Claims 2 to 8, characterized in that a washer (33) is interposed between the damping means (20) and the rollers (22) to avoid axial displacements of the rollers (22) caused by the deformation of the damping means (20).
EP02291987A 2001-08-17 2002-07-25 Starter drive with clutch in particular for an internal combustion engine in a vehicle Withdrawn EP1298319A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0110911 2001-08-17
FR0110911A FR2830574B1 (en) 2001-08-17 2001-08-17 STARTER, PARTICULARLY FOR AN ENGINE OF A MOTOR VEHICLE OF THE COUPLING LAUNCHER TYPE

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EP02291951.8A Expired - Lifetime EP1298318B1 (en) 2001-08-17 2002-08-02 Starter drive with clutch in particular for an internal combustion engine in a vehicle

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KR (1) KR100859849B1 (en)
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EP1298318A3 (en) * 2001-08-17 2006-05-17 Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur Starter drive with clutch in particular for an internal combustion engine in a vehicle
FR2902840A1 (en) * 2006-06-27 2007-12-28 Valeo Equip Electr Moteur Thermal engine starting device for e.g. car, has damping and centring elements that are formed in longitudinal shaped single elastic metal piece comprising extension for holding permanent magnets
WO2010136429A1 (en) * 2009-05-29 2010-12-02 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method for mechanically synchronizing two rotating, axially offset spur gears

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US7360464B2 (en) * 2003-12-15 2008-04-22 Automotive Components Holdings, Llc Variable rate impact and oscillation absorber in starter motors
US7373908B2 (en) * 2006-08-29 2008-05-20 Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. Reduced noise engine start-stop system using traditional crank device

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FR2759119A1 (en) * 1997-02-06 1998-08-07 Valeo Equip Electr Moteur AUTOMOTIVE VEHICLE STARTER COMPRISING AN IMPROVED LAUNCHER

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FR516919A (en) * 1918-06-29 1921-04-28 Max Wild Starter device particularly for automobile engines
FR839572A (en) * 1938-06-21 1939-04-06 Further training provided in the establishment of starters for internal combustion engines
US5046373A (en) * 1989-08-07 1991-09-10 Briggs & Stratton Corp. Starter motor construction
US5199309A (en) * 1990-12-28 1993-04-06 Mitsubishi Denki K.K. Starter unit
FR2754856A1 (en) * 1996-10-23 1998-04-24 Valeo Equip Electr Moteur Starter motor clutch for motor vehicle internal combustion engine
FR2759119A1 (en) * 1997-02-06 1998-08-07 Valeo Equip Electr Moteur AUTOMOTIVE VEHICLE STARTER COMPRISING AN IMPROVED LAUNCHER

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1298318A3 (en) * 2001-08-17 2006-05-17 Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur Starter drive with clutch in particular for an internal combustion engine in a vehicle
KR100859849B1 (en) * 2001-08-17 2008-09-24 발레오 에끼쁘망 엘렉뜨리끄 모뙤르 Starter including booster with coupling apparatus for heat engine of vehicle
FR2902840A1 (en) * 2006-06-27 2007-12-28 Valeo Equip Electr Moteur Thermal engine starting device for e.g. car, has damping and centring elements that are formed in longitudinal shaped single elastic metal piece comprising extension for holding permanent magnets
EP1873394A1 (en) * 2006-06-27 2008-01-02 Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur Starter device for combustion engine
WO2010136429A1 (en) * 2009-05-29 2010-12-02 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method for mechanically synchronizing two rotating, axially offset spur gears

Also Published As

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BR0203269B1 (en) 2010-11-03
KR100859849B1 (en) 2008-09-24
FR2830574A1 (en) 2003-04-11
EP1298318B1 (en) 2013-04-24
EP1298318A3 (en) 2006-05-17
KR20030016170A (en) 2003-02-26
BR0203269A (en) 2003-05-27
FR2830574B1 (en) 2004-05-28
EP1298318A2 (en) 2003-04-02

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