EP1292481B1 - Meshed track circuit - Google Patents
Meshed track circuit Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1292481B1 EP1292481B1 EP01919191A EP01919191A EP1292481B1 EP 1292481 B1 EP1292481 B1 EP 1292481B1 EP 01919191 A EP01919191 A EP 01919191A EP 01919191 A EP01919191 A EP 01919191A EP 1292481 B1 EP1292481 B1 EP 1292481B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- track circuit
- circuit according
- meshed
- baseplate
- housing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001879 copper Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
- B61L23/00—Control, warning or like safety means along the route or between vehicles or trains
- B61L23/04—Control, warning or like safety means along the route or between vehicles or trains for monitoring the mechanical state of the route
- B61L23/042—Track changes detection
- B61L23/044—Broken rails
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
- B61L1/00—Devices along the route controlled by interaction with the vehicle or train
- B61L1/20—Safety arrangements for preventing or indicating malfunction of the device, e.g. by leakage current, by lightning
Definitions
- the invention relates to an audio-frequency meshed track circuit according to the preamble of claim 1.
- Such a track circuit is known from DE 32 35 283 C2 and from U.S. Pat. 4,389,033 known.
- Faulty clear messages of a track section are prevented by the fact that the receivers of the track circuit detect the fed to the free and busy message alternating frequency signal, the clear signal of the track section is then made dependent on that both the voltage and the current of the alternating frequency signal exceeds predetermined values.
- Object of the present invention is to form a meshed track circuit according to the preamble of claim 1 such that when broken track with galvanic isolation is a busy message of the track circuit, d. H. a rail break is also detected in the earth rail.
- the invention solves this problem by the features of claim 1.
- the chokes used need not be tuned individually to the different frequencies of the signal currents used in the adjacent track sections, but that their filter characteristic can be designed so that they all possible flowing over the additional conductor To attenuate track circuit signal currents so that it is no longer possible to respond to the respective track circuit receiver. This makes it possible to manufacture the chokes provided according to the invention in larger quantities inexpensively and arbitrarily.
- the head of the inventively provided throttles are made of a copper or aluminum alloy.
- Such trained conductors have the necessary conductivity to lead with relatively limited conductor cross-section, the relatively high Triebrückströme almost lossless; They can also be edited well, eg. B. wrap or cut.
- the conductor can be designed as a copper cable, as it is to be used for the connection of the chokes to the zero rail and the additional neutral conductor; The conductor can also consist of several correspondingly thinner conductors.
- the throttle winding may advantageously consist of one or more laid in several turns copper wire z. B. via cable ties in itself is dimensionally stable and is to be mounted in this state on a base plate.
- the reactor winding can be fitted in the not yet assembled, also to be determined on the base core parts.
- the cores can be fully assembled and z. B. are fixed by means of clamping screws on the base plate.
- At least some of the cable ties may be additionally fixed for fixing the throttle winding to the base plate.
- the cores may advantageously be provided with corresponding air gaps.
- the ready-mounted throttle can be a cup-shaped housing evert that protects the elements of the throttle to the outside mechanically and the housing can be waterproof sealed by the base plate with the throttle elements installed thereon, expediently the housing for conditioning the base plate with a is to provide circumferential seal.
- the base plate and / or the housing are preferably made of a metallic material, for. As aluminum.
- the electrical connections for the winding ends of the choke are electrically isolated lead out of the base plate.
- the base plate can be advantageously provided with a ground terminal and it is also to be provided in an advantageous manner with a spigot for attachment to a track-side housing foot.
- the remaining space inside the housing is advantageously filled by a casting resin or a mounting foam. This mounting foam ensures not only the mechanical definition of the throttle components but also sufficient heat dissipation to the base plate and the housing wall; it may be interspersed in a known manner with thermally conductive particles.
- Figure 1 shows schematically the rails 1 and 2 of a track.
- This track is subdivided by S-shaped rail connectors SV1 and SV2 into adjacent track sections G1, G2 and G3, each of which is to be monitored for its free and busy condition by an associated track circuit.
- the track circuit G2 associated track circuit consists of a arranged at one end of the track circuit transmitter S, a tuning assembly BG1 and the rail connector SV1, the tracks 1 and 2 and arranged at the other end of the track circuit rail connector SV2, a tuning assembly BG2 and a receiver E.
- the voting assemblies BG1 and BG2 are tuned to the signal frequency of the monitored track circuit; this differs from the signal frequencies in the adjacent track sections.
- the receiver E As long as the receiver E receives a sufficiently high level of originating from the transmitter S signal stream, he reports the associated track circuit free. When occupying the track circuit, the wheelsets of the retracted into the track section vehicles short the two rails of the track circuit, whereby the signal level available at the receiver falls below the predetermined threshold. The receiver then reports the track circuit busy. A busy message is also triggered if at least one rail is interrupted, indicated schematically in the drawing by an assumed rail break SB in the rail 1.
- the traction return currents of the order of a few 100 A also flow across the rails.
- the rail connectors SV1 and SV2 are to be designed, via which the traction return currents in the individual track sections are balanced become.
- One of the rails forms the so-called zero-rail, the other the busbar.
- the rail 1 forms the zero rail and the rail 2, the busbar of the system.
- the zero rail is often connected to other zero rails of adjacent tracks or with separate ground rails or grounding cables.
- the effect described at the outset may occur that, despite an interrupted zero rail, the track circuit receiver E receives a signal level which is sufficiently high for its response.
- a choke Dr1, Dr2 is connected to each link point of the illustrated track circuit through which at least a portion of the traction return current of the zero rail 1 and at least a portion of the track circuit signal current to at least one additional neutral conductor N is derived ,
- the throttles are low resistance to the relative to the signal currents traction low return currents and attenuate only the contrast higher frequency signal currents in a significant way.
- FIGS. 2 to 6 show details of a throttle used in the invention in its adapted to the intended application optimized expression.
- FIG. 2 shows the top view of the throttle according to the invention.
- This consists essentially of a z. B. made of copper rope winding 3 with a plurality of superposed and e.g.
- This winding can be produced by winding the copper wire on a, preferably cylindrical shaped body, not shown in the drawing, wherein the winding is fixed in shape after being wound on the molded body by cable ties 4 in itself.
- the choke winding 3 is provided with a plurality of ferromagnetic cores 7, which wrap around the turns 33 of the choke winding radially. Details of the ferromagnetic cores can be found in FIG.
- Each ferromagnetic core consists of several sub-cores, in the present example of two U-shaped core parts 71, 72 and two I-shaped parts 73 and 74 of ferrite or sintered material.
- the lower U-shaped part of the core 71 is isolated on a flat, preferably metallic base plate 8, at which the throttle is set in total.
- a cup-shaped housing 11 shown in Figure 4 is used. This housing 11 is to be closed by its bottom in the installed position opening side by the base plate 8, wherein in the housing edge expediently a circumferential seal is inserted, against which the Base plate 8 applies.
- Base plate 8 and housing 11 are preferably made of a metal, in particular an aluminum alloy.
- Each bolt consists of a metallic electrically highly conductive material such. As copper, which is electrically isolated through electrically insulating bushes and inserted washers 22 through the base plate. The washers 22 have no contact with the bolt 20.
- At one end of the bolt there is a threaded pin on which the one end of the winding is to be fastened via a loop 23 which is hooked there.
- the other end of the bolt 20, which protrudes from the base plate to the side facing away from the housing, is provided with a transverse bore 24 through which a contacting cable not shown in the drawing for connection to the zero rail or the other neutral conductors are connected can.
- the base plate 8 is further provided with a recognizable from Figure 6 grounding bolt 30 and this is electrically connected via a screw 31 with the base plate 8.
- the bolt 30 protrudes on the opposite side of the housing from the group plate 8 and carries at its free end a ground terminal 32 for connection of an earth connector.
- the base plate as seen in Figure 4, provided with a bolted-receiving pin 40, via which the base plate 8 and with it the throttle and the housing 11 is to be attached isolated on a track-side housing foot.
- the choke used according to the invention is cast during manufacture by the manufacturer in the housing or filled with a construction foam.
- the mass introduced into the housing serves for mechanical fixation of the individual throttle components and also serves for heat dissipation via the surface of the housing and the baseplate.
- the fully assembled choke is connected on site to the designated connection cables and mounted next to the track on a designated housing foot.
- the chokes used according to the invention can be used for the meshing of any track circuit, without the need for a special adaptation of their components to the signal frequency used in each case for the relevant track circuit.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen tonfrequenten vermaschten Gleisstromkreis nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1. Ein derartiger Gleisstromkreis ist aus der DE 32 35 283 C2 und aus der U.S. 4,389,033 bekannt .The invention relates to an audio-frequency meshed track circuit according to the preamble of
Dort wird das Problem einer ausbleibenden Belegtmeldung eines vermaschten Gleisabschnittes mit gebrochener Nullschiene (galvanische Trennung) angesprochen. Diese kann verursacht werden, wenn der üblicherweise in der Null-Schiene fließende Signalstrom über einen mit der Null-Schiene vermaschten zusätzlichen Null-Leiter zum jeweiligen Signalempfänger gelangt und diesen in der Arbeitsstellung hält.There the problem of a missing occupancy message of a meshed track section with broken zero rail (electrical isolation) is addressed. This can be caused when the signal current usually flowing in the zero rail passes through an additional neutral conductor meshed with the zero rail to the respective signal receiver and holds it in the working position.
Fehlerhaften Freimeldungen eines Gleisabschnittes werden dadurch verhindert, dass die Empfänger des Gleisstromkreises das zur Frei- und Besetztmeldung eingespeiste Wechselfrequenzsignal detektieren, wobei die Freimeldung des Gleisabschnittes dann davon abhängig gemacht ist, dass sowohl die Spannung als auch der Strom des Wechselfrequenzsignals vorgegebene Werte überschreitet.Faulty clear messages of a track section are prevented by the fact that the receivers of the track circuit detect the fed to the free and busy message alternating frequency signal, the clear signal of the track section is then made dependent on that both the voltage and the current of the alternating frequency signal exceeds predetermined values.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, einen vermaschten Gleisstromkreis nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1 so auszubilden, dass bei Schienenbruch mit galvanischer Trennung eine Belegtmeldung des Gleisstromkreises erfolgt, d. h. ein Schienenbruch auch in der Erdschiene erkannt wird.Object of the present invention is to form a meshed track circuit according to the preamble of
Die Erfindung löst diese Aufgabe durch die Merkmale des Anspruches 1. Durch die Verwendung von nur für den Signalstrom hochohmigen Drosseln in den Vermaschungen einer Null-Schiene wird erreicht, dass über den oder die zusätzlichen Null-Leiter nur noch geringste Gleisströme ungewollt zum Gleisstromkreisempfänger gelangen können. Der besondere Vorteil des erfindungsgemäßen vermaschten Gleisstromkreises besteht darin, dass die verwendeten Drosseln nicht individuell auf die unterschiedlichen Frequenzen der in den benachbarten Gleisabschnitten verwendeten Signalströme abgestimmt sein müssen, sondern dass ihre Filtercharakteristik so ausgebildet sein kann, dass sie alle nur möglichen über die zusätzlichen Leiter fließenden Gleisstromkreis-Signalströme so bedämpfen, dass durch sie ein Ansprechen des jeweiligen Gleisstromkreisempfängers nicht mehr möglich ist. Das macht es möglich, die nach der Erfindung vorgesehenen Drosseln in größerer Stückzahl preiswert zu fertigen und beliebig einzusetzen.The invention solves this problem by the features of
Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen des erfindungsgemäßen Gleisstromkreises sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.Advantageous embodiments and further developments of the track circuit according to the invention are specified in the subclaims.
So sollen die Leiter der erfindungsgemäß vorgesehenen Drosseln aus einer Kupfer- oder Aluminiumlegierung bestehen. Derartig ausgebildete Leiter haben die nötige Leitfähigkeit, um bei begrenztem Leiterquerschnitt die relativ hohen Triebrückströme nahezu verlustfrei zu führen; sie lassen sich darüber hinaus gut bearbeiten, z. B. wickeln oder ausschneiden. In besonders vorteilhafter Weise kann der Leiter als Kupferseil ausgeführt sein, wie es für den Anschluss der Drosseln an die Null-Schiene und den zusätzlichen Null-Leiter zu verwenden ist; der Leiter kann auch aus mehreren entsprechend dünneren Leitern bestehen.Thus, the head of the inventively provided throttles are made of a copper or aluminum alloy. Such trained conductors have the necessary conductivity to lead with relatively limited conductor cross-section, the relatively high Triebrückströme almost lossless; They can also be edited well, eg. B. wrap or cut. In a particularly advantageous manner, the conductor can be designed as a copper cable, as it is to be used for the connection of the chokes to the zero rail and the additional neutral conductor; The conductor can also consist of several correspondingly thinner conductors.
Die Drosselwicklung kann in vorteilhafter Weise aus einem oder mehreren in mehreren Windungen verlegten Kupferseil bestehen, das z. B. über Kabelbinder in sich formstabil festzulegen ist und in diesem Zustand auf einer Grundplatte zu befestigen ist. Zu diesem Zweck kann die Drosselwicklung in die noch nicht fertig montierten, ebenfalls auf der Grundplatte festzulegenden Kernteile eingepasst werden. Nach dem Einpassen in die Kernteile können die Kerne fertig montiert und z. B. mittels Spannschrauben an der Grundplatte festgelegt werden. Mindestens einzelne der Kabelbinder können zur Fixierung der Drosselwicklung an der Grundplatte zusätzlich festgelegt sein. Um zu verhindern, dass die ferromagnetischen Kerne durch die in der Drossel fließenden Triebrückströme in die Sättigung gelangen, können die Kerne vorteilhaft mit entsprechenden Luftspalten versehen sein.The throttle winding may advantageously consist of one or more laid in several turns copper wire z. B. via cable ties in itself is dimensionally stable and is to be mounted in this state on a base plate. For this purpose, the reactor winding can be fitted in the not yet assembled, also to be determined on the base core parts. After fitting into the core parts, the cores can be fully assembled and z. B. are fixed by means of clamping screws on the base plate. At least some of the cable ties may be additionally fixed for fixing the throttle winding to the base plate. In order to prevent the ferromagnetic cores from saturating due to the backflow currents flowing in the throttle, the cores may advantageously be provided with corresponding air gaps.
Über die fertig montierte Drossel lässt sich ein topfartiges Gehäuse stülpen, dass die Elemente der Drossel nach außen hin mechanisch schützt und das Gehäuse lässt sich durch die Grundplatte mit den daran installierten Elementen der Drossel wasserdicht verschließen, wobei zweckmäßigerweise das Gehäuse zur Anlage der Grundplatte mit einer umlaufenden Dichtung zu versehen ist. Die Grundplatte und/oder das Gehäuse bestehen vorzugsweise aus einem metallischen Werkstoff, z. B. Aluminium. Die elektrischen Anschlüsse für die Wicklungsenden der Drossel sind elektrisch isoliert aus der Grundplatte herauszuführen. Die Grundplatte kann in vorteilhafter Weise mit einer Erdungsklemme versehen sein und sie ist ferner in vorteilhafter Weise mit einem Aufnahmezapfen zum Anbau an einen gleisseitigen Gehäusefuß zu versehen. Für die mechanische Festlegung der Gleisdrossel und ihrer Anschlüsse im Gehäuse ist der im Gehäuseinneren verbliebene Freiraum in vorteilhafter Weise durch ein Gießharz oder einen Montageschaum aufzufüllen. Dieser Montageschaum sorgt neben der mechanischen Festlegung der Drosselkomponenten auch für eine hinreichende Wärmeabfuhr zur Grundplatte und zur Gehäusewand; er kann in bekannter Weise mit wärmeleitfähigen Partikeln durchsetzt sein.About the ready-mounted throttle can be a cup-shaped housing evert that protects the elements of the throttle to the outside mechanically and the housing can be waterproof sealed by the base plate with the throttle elements installed thereon, expediently the housing for conditioning the base plate with a is to provide circumferential seal. The base plate and / or the housing are preferably made of a metallic material, for. As aluminum. The electrical connections for the winding ends of the choke are electrically isolated lead out of the base plate. The base plate can be advantageously provided with a ground terminal and it is also to be provided in an advantageous manner with a spigot for attachment to a track-side housing foot. For the mechanical fixing of the track throttle and its connections in the housing, the remaining space inside the housing is advantageously filled by a casting resin or a mounting foam. This mounting foam ensures not only the mechanical definition of the throttle components but also sufficient heat dissipation to the base plate and the housing wall; it may be interspersed in a known manner with thermally conductive particles.
Die Erfindung ist nachstehend anhand eines in der Zeichnung verdeutlichten Ausführungsbeispieles näher erläutert. Die Zeichnung zeigt in
Figur 1- schematisch den Aufbau eines gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung ausgeführten vermaschten Gleisstromkreises, in
Figur 2- eine Draufsicht auf eine nach der Erfindung vorgesehene Drossel, in
Figur 3- eine Seitenansicht eines ferromagnetischen Kernes, wie er zu mehreren in
Figur 2 in der Draufsicht zu sehen ist, in Figur 4- einen Schnitt durch ein Gehäuse zur Aufnahme der Drossel, in
Figur 5- den elektrischen Anschluss eines Endes der Drosselwicklung und in
- Figur 6
- eine Vorrichtung zum Erden der die Drossel tragenden Grundplatte.
- FIG. 1
- schematically the structure of a running according to the present invention meshed track circuit, in
- FIG. 2
- a plan view of a throttle provided according to the invention, in
- FIG. 3
- a side view of a ferromagnetic core, as it can be seen in a plurality of in Figure 2 in plan view, in
- FIG. 4
- a section through a housing for receiving the throttle, in
- FIG. 5
- the electrical connection of one end of the choke winding and in
- FIG. 6
- a device for grounding the throttle bearing base plate.
Figur 1 zeigt schematisch die Schienen 1 und 2 eines Gleises. Dieses Gleis ist durch S-förmige Schienenverbinder SV1 und SV2 in aneinander grenzende Gleisabschnitte G1, G2 und G3 unterteilt, von denen jeder durch einen zugehörigen Gleisstromkreis auf seinen Frei- und Besetztzustand zu überwachen ist. Der dem Gleisabschnitt G2 zugeordnete Gleisstromkreis besteht aus einem an dem einen Ende des Gleisstromkreises angeordneten Sender S, einer Abstimmbaugruppe BG1 und dem Schienenverbinder SV1, den Gleisen 1 und 2 sowie dem am anderen Ende des Gleisstromkreises angeordneten Schienenverbinder SV2, einer Abstimmbaugruppe BG2 und einem Empfänger E. Die Abstimmbaugruppen BG1 und BG2 sind auf die Signalfrequenz des zu überwachenden Gleisstromkreises abgestimmt; diese unterscheidet sich von den Signalfrequenzen in den angrenzenden Gleisabschnitten.Figure 1 shows schematically the
Solange der Empfänger E einen hinreichend hohen Pegel des vom Sender S stammenden Signalstromes empfängt, meldet er den zugehörigen Gleisstromkreis frei. Beim Besetzen des Gleisstromkreises schließen die Radsätze der in den Gleisabschnitt eingefahrenen Fahrzeuge die beiden Schienen des Gleisstromkreises kurz, wodurch der am Empfänger verfügbare Signalpegel den vorgegebenen Schwellwert unterschreitet. Der Empfänger meldet daraufhin den Gleisstromkreis besetzt. Eine Besetzmeldung wird auch ausgelöst, wenn mindestens eine Schiene unterbrochen ist, in der Zeichnung schematisch angedeutet durch einen angenommenen Schienenbruch SB in der Schiene 1.As long as the receiver E receives a sufficiently high level of originating from the transmitter S signal stream, he reports the associated track circuit free. When occupying the track circuit, the wheelsets of the retracted into the track section vehicles short the two rails of the track circuit, whereby the signal level available at the receiver falls below the predetermined threshold. The receiver then reports the track circuit busy. A busy message is also triggered if at least one rail is interrupted, indicated schematically in the drawing by an assumed rail break SB in the
Zusätzlich zu den relativ niedrigen Signalströmen zum Überwachen eines Gleisabschnittes in der Größenordnung einiger 100 mA fließen über die Schienen auch die Traktionsrückströme in der Größenordnung einiger 100 A. Für diese Stromstärken sind die Schienenverbinder SV1 und SV2 auszulegen, über die die Triebrückströme in den einzelnen Gleisabschnitten symmetriert werden. Eine der Schienen bildet dabei die sogenannte Null-Schiene, die andere die Stromschiene. Im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel bildet die Schiene 1 die Null-Schiene und die Schiene 2 die Stromschiene der Anlage.In addition to the relatively low signal currents for monitoring a track section of the order of a few 100 mA, the traction return currents of the order of a few 100 A also flow across the rails. For these currents, the rail connectors SV1 and SV2 are to be designed, via which the traction return currents in the individual track sections are balanced become. One of the rails forms the so-called zero-rail, the other the busbar. In the illustrated embodiment, the
Um die sich bei den hohen Triebrückströmen an voneinander entfernten Teilen der Null-Schiene einstellenden Potentialdifferenzen möglichst gering zu halten, wird die Null-Schiene häufig mit weiteren Null-Schienen benachbarter Gleise oder mit gesonderten Erdungs-Schienen oder Erdungs-Seilen verbunden.Around the potential differences which occur at the high return currents at parts of the zero rail which are remote from one another As low as possible, the zero rail is often connected to other zero rails of adjacent tracks or with separate ground rails or grounding cables.
In solchen über diese zusätzlichen Null-Leiter vermaschten Gleisstromkreisen kann der eingangs geschilderte Effekt eintreten, dass trotz unterbrochener Null-Schiene der Gleisstromkreisempfänger E einen zu seinem Ansprechen ausreichend hohen Signalpegel empfängt.In track circuits interlinked via these additional neutral conductors, the effect described at the outset may occur that, despite an interrupted zero rail, the track circuit receiver E receives a signal level which is sufficiently high for its response.
Nach der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, mindestens einen Teil der bislang verwendeten Seile zum Vermaschen der Null-Schiene 1 mit mindestens einem weiteren Null-Leiter N durch Drosseln Dr1, Dr2 zu ersetzen. Diese lassen die relativ niederfrequenten Triebrückströme quasi unbedämpft passieren, bedämpfen aber die Signalströme in dem oder den zusätzlichen Null-Leitern auf einen Wert, der zum Ansprechen der Gleisstromkreisempfänger nicht mehr ausreicht.According to the invention, it is provided to replace at least part of the cables used hitherto for intermeshing the zero
Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel der Figur 1 ist an jedem Vermaschungspunkt des dargestellten Gleisstromkreises eine Drossel Dr1, Dr2 angeschlossen, über die mindestens ein Teil des Traktionsrückstromes der Null-Schiene 1 sowie mindestens ein Teil des Gleisstromkreis-Signalstromes auf mindestens einen zusätzlichen Null-Leiter N abgeleitet wird. Die Drosseln sind für den gegenüber den Signalströmen relativ niederfrequenten Traktionsrückströmen niederohmig und bedämpfen ausschließlich die demgegenüber höherfrequenten Signalströme in nennenswerter Weise.In the embodiment of Figure 1, a choke Dr1, Dr2 is connected to each link point of the illustrated track circuit through which at least a portion of the traction return current of the zero
Die Figuren 2 bis 6 zeigen Einzelheiten einer erfindungsgemäß verwendeten Drossel in ihrer an den vorgesehenen Anwendungszweck angepassten optimierten Ausprägung.Figures 2 to 6 show details of a throttle used in the invention in its adapted to the intended application optimized expression.
In Figur 2 ist die Draufsicht auf die erfindungsgemäße Drossel dargestellt. Diese besteht im Wesentlichen aus einer z. B. aus einem Kupferseil hergestellten Wicklung 3 mit mehreren übereinander angeordneten und z.B. in zwei Lagen nebeneinanderliegenden Windungen 33. Diese Wicklung lässt sich durch Aufwickeln des Kupferseiles auf einen in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellten, vorzugsweise zylindrischen Formkörper herstellen, wobei die Wicklung nach dem Aufwickeln auf den Formkörper durch Kabelbinder 4 in sich formstabil festgelegt wird.FIG. 2 shows the top view of the throttle according to the invention. This consists essentially of a z. B. made of copper rope winding 3 with a plurality of superposed and e.g. This winding can be produced by winding the copper wire on a, preferably cylindrical shaped body, not shown in the drawing, wherein the winding is fixed in shape after being wound on the molded body by
Um die zum Bedämpfen der Signalspannungen erforderliche Induktivität zu erreichen, ist die Drosselwicklung 3 mit mehreren ferromagnetischen Kernen 7 versehen, welche die Windungen 33 der Drosselwicklung radial umschlingen. Einzelheiten der ferromagnetischen Kerne sind aus Figur 3 zu entnehmen. Jeder ferromagnetische Kern besteht aus mehreren Teilkernen, im vorliegenden Beispiel aus zwei U-förmigen Kernteilen 71, 72 und zwei I-förmigen Teilen 73 und 74 aus Ferrit- oder Sintermaterial. Der untere U-förmige Teilkern 71 liegt auf einer ebenen, vorzugsweise metallischen Grundplatte 8 isoliert auf, an der die Drossel insgesamt festzulegen ist. Nach dem Auflegen des unteren Teilkernes 71 auf die Grundplatte 8 wird die über die Kabelbinder 4 stabilisierte Drosselwicklung zwischen die Schenkel des U-förmigen Teilkernes 71 eingesteckt. Dann werden die I-förmigen Kernteile 73 und 74 aufgesetzt und diese Anordnung dann - ggfl. unter Einfügen eines oder mehrerer Luftspalte - durch den oberen Kernteil 72 abgedeckt. Über eine Andruckplatte 75 und Spannschrauben 76, 77 wird diese Anordnung dann an der Grundplatte 8 mechanisch festgelegt. Die in den ferromagnetischen Kernen 7 mit Spiel geführte Wicklung 3 der Drossel kann nun mittels spezieller Kabelbinder 5 ebenfalls an der Grundplatte 8 befestigt werden. Die Befestigung der zusätzlichen Kabelbinder geschieht über Schrauben 9 und 10.In order to achieve the inductance required for damping the signal voltages, the choke winding 3 is provided with a plurality of
Für den mechanischen Schutz der erfindungsgemäß verwendeten Drossel dient ein in Figur 4 dargestelltes topfartiges Gehäuse 11. Dieses Gehäuse 11 ist von seiner in Einbaulage untenliegenden Öffnungsseite durch die Grundplatte 8 zu verschließen, wobei in den Gehäuserand zweckmäßigerweise eine umlaufende Dichtung eingelassen ist, gegen die sich die Grundplatte 8 anlegt. Grundplatte 8 und Gehäuse 11 bestehen vorzugsweise aus einem Metall, insbesondere einer Aluminiumlegierung.For the mechanical protection of the choke used in the invention, a cup-shaped
Für den Zugriff auf die Enden der Drosselwicklung 3 gibt es zwei Bolzen 20, die in Figur 5 näher dargestellt sind. Jeder Bolzen besteht aus einem metallischen elektrisch gut leitenden Werkstoff wie z. B. Kupfer, der über elektrisch isolierende Buchsen sowie eingelegte Unterlegscheiben 22 elektrisch isoliert durch die Grundplatte geführt ist. Die Unterlegscheiben 22 haben dabei keine Berührung zum Bolzen 20. An dem einen Ende des Bolzens befindet sich ein Gewindezapfen, auf den das eine Wicklungsende über eine dort angeschlagene Öse 23 zu befestigen ist. Das andere Ende des Bolzens 20, das aus der Grundplatte zu der dem Gehäuse abgewandten Seite vorsteht, ist mit einer Querbohrung 24 versehen, über die ein in der Zeichnung nicht dargestelltes Kontaktierungsseil zum Anschluss an die Null-Schiene oder die weiteren Null-Leiter angeschlossen werden kann.For access to the ends of the choke winding 3, there are two
Die Grundplatte 8 ist ferner mit einem aus Figur 6 erkennbaren Erdungsbolzen 30 versehen und dieser ist über eine Schraubverbindung 31 elektrisch leitend mit der Grundplatte 8 verbunden. Der Bolzen 30 steht auf der dem Gehäuse gegenüberliegenden Seite aus der Gruppenplatte 8 vor und trägt an seinem frei zugänglichen Ende eine Erdungsklemme 32 zum Anschluss eines Erdverbinders.The
Ferner ist die Grundplatte, wie aus Figur 4 erkennbar, mit einem angeschraubten Aufnahmezapfen 40 versehen, über den die Grundplatte 8 und mit ihr die Drossel und das Gehäuse 11 an einem gleisseitigen Gehäusefuß isoliert zu befestigen ist.Further, the base plate, as seen in Figure 4, provided with a bolted-receiving
Die erfindungsgemäß verwendete Drossel wird bei ihrer Fertigung herstellerseits im Gehäuse vergossen oder mit einem Bauschaum aufgefüllt. Die dabei in das Gehäuse eingebrachte Masse dient der mechanischen Fixierung der einzelnen Drosselkomponenten und sie dient ferner zur Wärmeableitung über die Oberfläche des Gehäuses und der Grundplatte. Die fertig montierte Drossel wird vor Ort an die dafür vorgesehenen Verbindungsseile angeschlossen und neben dem Gleis auf einem dafür vorgesehenem Gehäusefuß angebracht. Die nach der Erfindung verwendeten Drosseln können zur Vermaschung jedes beliebigen Gleisstromkreises verwendet werden, ohne dass es einer besonderen Anpassung ihrer Bauelemente an die für den betreffenden Gleisstromkreis jeweils verwendete Signalfrequenz bedarf.The choke used according to the invention is cast during manufacture by the manufacturer in the housing or filled with a construction foam. The mass introduced into the housing serves for mechanical fixation of the individual throttle components and also serves for heat dissipation via the surface of the housing and the baseplate. The fully assembled choke is connected on site to the designated connection cables and mounted next to the track on a designated housing foot. The chokes used according to the invention can be used for the meshing of any track circuit, without the need for a special adaptation of their components to the signal frequency used in each case for the relevant track circuit.
Claims (16)
- Meshed track circuit for carrying traction return currents and signal currents which are at a higher frequency than them, of which the latter are used for identification of whether the track circuit is free or occupied and for identification of rail interruptions, having at least one additional neutral conductor which is connected with a low impedance to the neutral rail of the track circuit at intervals,
characterized
in that the neutral rail (1) of the track is connected to the at least one neutral conductor (N) via inductors (Dr1, Dr2) at predetermined intervals,
with each inductor being designed to have a low impedance for the fundamental frequency of a traction return current and in contrast to have a high impedance for the frequencies of the signal currents which are used in the track circuits, and apart from this being designed such that it is able to carry the traction return currents,
and in that the inductor winding (3) is composed of at least one conductor (33), which is in the form of a plurality of turns, and preferably has a plurality of ferromagnetic cores (7) which radially surround the winding. - Meshed track circuit according to Claim 1,
characterized
in that the conductor (33) is composed of copper or aluminium alloy. - Meshed track circuit according to Claim 2,
characterized
in that the conductor (33) is in the form of a copper cable. - Meshed track circuit according to Claim 3,
characterized
in that the copper cable (33), which is laid in the form of a plurality of turns, of the inductor winding (3) is fixed by means of a plurality of cable ties (4, 5) such that it is intrinsically dimensionally stable. - Meshed track circuit according to Claim 1 or 4,
characterized
in that a planar baseplate (8) is provided, on which the inductor winding (3) and the ferromagnetic cores (7) are fixed. - Meshed track circuit according to Claim 5,
characterized
in that at least individual ones of the cable ties (5) are fixed to the baseplate (8). - Meshed track circuit according to one of Claims 1 to 6,
characterized
in that the ferromagnetic cores (7) each comprise a plurality of parts (71 to 74), of which at least one part (71) rests indirectly or directly on a baseplate (8) and at least partially surrounds the associated inductor winding (3) from the lower face and/or from the inside and/or from the outside,
in that the other core parts (72 to 74) rest on the first-mentioned core parts (71) and/or on the baseplate surrounding the inductor winding,
and in that the cores (7) which are formed in this way are fixed on the baseplate via clamping elements (76, 77). - Meshed track circuit according to Claim 7,
characterized
in that the ferromagnetic cores (7) each have at least one air gap. - Meshed track circuit according to Claim 7 or 8,
characterized
in that the clamping elements (76, 77) are in the form of clamping screws. - Meshed track circuit according to one of Claims 5 to 9,
characterized
in that the baseplate (8) closes a pot-like housing (11) for holding the inductor winding (3) and ferromagnetic cores (7). - Meshed track circuit according to Claim 10,
characterized
in that the housing (11) is provided with a circumferential seal (12) for making contact with the baseplate (8). - Meshed track circuit according to one of Claims 5 to 11,
characterized
in that the baseplate (8) and/or the housing (11) are/is composed of a metallic material. - Meshed track circuit according to Claim 12,
characterized
in that the winding ends (23) of the inductor are electrically accessible from outside the housing (11) via metallic bolts (20), with the bolts passing through the baseplate (8) via insulating bushes (22) which are inserted there. - Meshed track circuit according to Claim 12 or 13,
characterized
in that the baseplate (8) is provided with an externally accessible earthing terminal (32). - Meshed track circuit according to one of Claims 5 to 14,
characterized
in that the baseplate (8) is provided on its outside with a screwed-on holding pin (40) for fitting to a trackside housing [?]. - Meshed track circuit according to one of Claims 10 to 15,
characterized
in that the free space which remains in the housing interior is filled by an encapsulation compound or an installation foam.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2000122636 DE10022636A1 (en) | 2000-04-28 | 2000-04-28 | Meshed track circuit |
| DE10022636 | 2000-04-28 | ||
| PCT/DE2001/000945 WO2001083281A1 (en) | 2000-04-28 | 2001-03-07 | Meshed track circuit |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1292481A1 EP1292481A1 (en) | 2003-03-19 |
| EP1292481B1 true EP1292481B1 (en) | 2006-05-24 |
Family
ID=7641366
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP01919191A Expired - Lifetime EP1292481B1 (en) | 2000-04-28 | 2001-03-07 | Meshed track circuit |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1292481B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1250419C (en) |
| DE (2) | DE10022636A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK1292481T3 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2264684T3 (en) |
| HK (1) | HK1056151A1 (en) |
| NO (1) | NO20025183L (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2001083281A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1348608A1 (en) * | 2002-03-27 | 2003-10-01 | Alstom Belgium S.A. | Broken rail detection method and apparatus |
| US7954770B2 (en) * | 2006-12-15 | 2011-06-07 | General Electric Company | Methods and system for jointless track circuits using passive signaling |
| DE102008038494A1 (en) | 2008-08-20 | 2010-02-25 | Hochschule Offenburg | Method and device for track shunt production by rail vehicles |
| CN103832293B (en) * | 2014-02-28 | 2017-07-14 | 邹梓晗 | Traction current bascule and its method for railway electrification section |
| CN108362930B (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2024-07-23 | 广州铁路科开制造有限公司 | Rail current separation device, traction current verification method and rail surface short circuit judgment method |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB218826A (en) * | 1923-06-23 | 1924-07-17 | Automatic Telephone Mfg Co Ltd | Improvements in or relating to impedance bonds for use in railway signalling systems |
| AU6888181A (en) * | 1980-04-08 | 1981-10-15 | Gec-General Signal Ltd. | Broken power rail detection |
-
2000
- 2000-04-28 DE DE2000122636 patent/DE10022636A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2001
- 2001-03-07 WO PCT/DE2001/000945 patent/WO2001083281A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2001-03-07 ES ES01919191T patent/ES2264684T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-03-07 EP EP01919191A patent/EP1292481B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-03-07 DE DE50109884T patent/DE50109884D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-03-07 CN CN 01808707 patent/CN1250419C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-03-07 DK DK01919191T patent/DK1292481T3/en active
-
2002
- 2002-10-28 NO NO20025183A patent/NO20025183L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2003
- 2003-11-24 HK HK03108545A patent/HK1056151A1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1250419C (en) | 2006-04-12 |
| DE50109884D1 (en) | 2006-06-29 |
| EP1292481A1 (en) | 2003-03-19 |
| DE10022636A1 (en) | 2001-10-31 |
| WO2001083281A1 (en) | 2001-11-08 |
| NO20025183L (en) | 2002-12-23 |
| ES2264684T3 (en) | 2007-01-16 |
| DK1292481T3 (en) | 2006-09-11 |
| CN1426359A (en) | 2003-06-25 |
| HK1056151A1 (en) | 2004-02-06 |
| NO20025183D0 (en) | 2002-10-28 |
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