EP1223261B1 - Insulation panels and their use for renovating flat roofs - Google Patents

Insulation panels and their use for renovating flat roofs Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1223261B1
EP1223261B1 EP02000710A EP02000710A EP1223261B1 EP 1223261 B1 EP1223261 B1 EP 1223261B1 EP 02000710 A EP02000710 A EP 02000710A EP 02000710 A EP02000710 A EP 02000710A EP 1223261 B1 EP1223261 B1 EP 1223261B1
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Prior art keywords
heat insulating
layer
water
coating
old
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1223261A3 (en
EP1223261A2 (en
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Werner Neu
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
    • E04D13/16—Insulating devices or arrangements in so far as the roof covering is concerned, e.g. characterised by the material or composition of the roof insulating material or its integration in the roof structure
    • E04D13/1687—Insulating devices or arrangements in so far as the roof covering is concerned, e.g. characterised by the material or composition of the roof insulating material or its integration in the roof structure the insulating material having provisions for roof drainage
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
    • E04D13/16—Insulating devices or arrangements in so far as the roof covering is concerned, e.g. characterised by the material or composition of the roof insulating material or its integration in the roof structure
    • E04D13/1606—Insulation of the roof covering characterised by its integration in the roof structure
    • E04D13/1662—Inverted roofs or exteriorly insulated roofs
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
    • E04D13/17—Ventilation of roof coverings not otherwise provided for
    • E04D13/172—Roof insulating material with provisions for or being arranged for permitting ventilation of the roof covering

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a thermal insulation board for building construction, preferably for flat roof insulation, in particular in connection with the renovation of moistened flat roofs while preserving the substance of the existing roof structures.
  • Such moistened flat roofs which are pending for refurbishment, are usually in a non-ventilated flat roof (called "warm roof") from roof ceiling (base layer), water vapor diffusion barrier layer, thermal barrier coating and roof sealing layer (roofing), wherein the layers in the order listed above directly to each other lie.
  • base layer roof ceiling
  • water vapor diffusion barrier layer thermal barrier coating
  • thermal barrier coating thermal barrier coating
  • roof sealing layer roof sealing layer
  • This control takes place in that one hangs on the old roofing layer, optionally after previous perforation, insulation boards, which are provided on both sides with water vapor diffusion barriers (eg aluminum laminations) or with water vapor diffusion-inhibiting laminations or coatings and on their underside in longitudinal and in Transversely extending, intersecting recesses, which form a channel system after installation of these insulation panels together with the outer surface of the old roofing layer, wherein the channel system thus formed with the outside air via fans, which penetrate the also applied waterproof new roofing layer is connected. Since the continuous water vapor-tight aluminum lamination or the water vapor diffusion-inhibiting lamination or coating at least largely prevents diffusion into the overlying layers, the diffusion direction is predetermined by the channel diffusion / ventilation system to the outside air.
  • water vapor diffusion barriers eg aluminum laminations
  • water vapor diffusion-inhibiting laminations or coatings on their underside in longitudinal and in Transversely extending, intersecting recesses, which form a channel system after installation of these insulation panels together
  • Object of the present invention is therefore to improve this system so that the desiccation process proceeds in a shorter time.
  • insulation boards which provided on their running with longitudinal and transverse, intersecting recesses Underside partially or completely a water and / or water vapor absorbing or absorbing or adsorbing and again donating or desorbing coating, this coating is optionally on an existing water vapor barrier or -hemmenden lamination or coating of the insulating board, or the along and transverse, intersecting recesses on the smooth, optionally provided with a Wasserdampfdiffusionssperr- or -hemm slaughter, underside of the insulation board from the coating material in the form of a plate provided with webs or studs molding.
  • the thermal insulation panels according to the invention are to be glued to the substrate or not, the webs or nubs on its underside, i. the support side, the coating of the invention or not. Should they be e.g. are glued to the existing water vapor diffusion barrier layer with the usual adhesives, so improved bonding is achieved in that the underside of the webs or nubs have no coating according to the invention, so that the adhesive comes into direct contact with the insulating material.
  • the coating according to the invention is also present on the underside of the webs or studs, since penetrated water can then additionally be absorbed by the underside coating.
  • the roof structure provides a suitably designed ballast as a weighting, which then can be dispensed with the bonding of the thermal insulation panels to the substrate.
  • the channel-forming recesses may have any desired shape, for example, in cross-section the shape of a semicircle, an isosceles triangle or a square or rectangle. Preferably, they have a square or rectangular cross-section.
  • thermal insulation panels according to the invention In the construction of a new insulated single-shell flat roof (warm roof) using the thermal insulation panels according to the invention is carried out as in the conventional preparation of such flat roofs, i. First, a concrete vapor diffusion layer, e.g. applied in the form of an aluminum-laminated plastic film, said plastic film is laid on the roof edges according to the roof edge training upwards, so that there is a trough-like depression. The thermal insulation panels according to the invention are then laid on this layer, and finally sealed with the roof sealing layer.
  • the thermal insulation boards can be glued to the substrate or they are not glued and then but provided with a reasonable load as a layer of weighting.
  • the thermal insulation panels which are provided in this case preferably on the entire surface of their undersides with the water-absorbing and releasing coating, laid directly on the concrete floor (base layer of the flat roof), ie without the water vapor diffusion barrier layer commonly used in single-shell flat roofs (warm roofs).
  • Such a direct installation on the concrete pavement requires that the concrete pavement not only downwards, ie in the direction of "enclosed space” dry out, but also upwards, since the concrete moisture absorbed by the coating of the invention of the thermal insulation panels and by means of the channel system on the fan the outside air is released again.
  • thermal insulation panels according to the invention are laid on a water vapor diffusion barrier layer and there is a water ingress.
  • the thermal insulation panels according to the invention can be installed directly on the old roofing membrane or after removal of the old roofing membrane directly on the old thermal insulation layer, possibly after previous perforation of the old roofing layer and / or the thermal barrier coating.
  • the openings can also be filled with dry absorbent materials, such as brick or granules, aerated concrete or commercially available dry mortar. Both the spreadable absorbent fillers and the dry absorbent fillers that receive and release the water may additionally contain other absorbent additives and / or thermally insulating materials.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Working Measures On Existing Buildindgs (AREA)

Abstract

The thermal insulation plate for building purposes has a bottom surface (6) with alternating protrusions (4) and depressions (3) which are provided with a layer (7) capable of absorbing water and/or water vapor. The thermal insulation plate for building purposes has a bottom surface (6) with alternating protrusions (4) and depressions (3) which are provided with a layer (7) capable of absorbing water and/or water vapor. Alternatively the entire bottom surface of the thermal insulation plate consists of the same material as the layer (7). In this case a vapor diffusion barrier or impedance layer can be located between the thermal insulation layer (2) and the material forming the protrusions and depressions (4, 3).

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Wärmedämmplatte für den Hochbau, vorzugsweise für Flachdachdämmung, insbesondere in Verbindung mit der Sanierung durchfeuchteter Flachdächer unter Erhaltung der Substanz der vorhandenen Dachaufbauten.The present invention relates to a thermal insulation board for building construction, preferably for flat roof insulation, in particular in connection with the renovation of moistened flat roofs while preserving the substance of the existing roof structures.

Derartige durchfeuchtete Flachdächer, die zur Sanierung anstehen, bestehen in der Regel bei einem nicht belüfteten Flachdach (auch "Warmdach" genannt) aus Dachdecke (Tragschicht), Wasserdampfdiffusionssperrschicht, Wärmedämmschicht und Dachabdichtungsschicht (Dachhaut), wobei die Schichten in der vorstehend angegebenen Reihenfolge unmittelbar aufeinander liegen. In ca. 80 bis 90% aller Fälle erfolgte die Durchfeuchtung der Wärmedämmschicht durch Undichtigkeit der äußeren Dachabdichtungsschicht. Bei derartigen feuchten Flachdächern sammelt sich das eingedrungene Wasser insbesondere zwischen der "wannenartig" ausgebreiteten Wasserdampfdiffusionssperrschicht und Wärmedämmschicht an.Such moistened flat roofs, which are pending for refurbishment, are usually in a non-ventilated flat roof (called "warm roof") from roof ceiling (base layer), water vapor diffusion barrier layer, thermal barrier coating and roof sealing layer (roofing), wherein the layers in the order listed above directly to each other lie. In about 80 to 90% of all cases, the moisture penetration of the thermal insulation layer was due to leakage of the outer roof sealing layer. In such damp flat roofs, the penetrated water accumulates in particular between the "trough-like" spread water vapor diffusion barrier layer and thermal insulation layer.

Zur Sanierung solcher Flachdächer bieten sich grundsätzlich zwei Möglichkeiten an und zwar entweder ein Totalabriß mit Neuaufbau oder eine substanzerhaltende "Trockenlegung".For the remediation of such flat roofs, there are basically two options, namely either a total demolition with rebuilding or a substance-preserving "draining".

Der Totalabriß des vorhandenen Dachaufbaus bis zur Tragschicht und der Neuaufbau des Dachaufbaus verursachen nicht nur die Kosten für den Neuaufbau, sondern zusätzlich weitere erhebliche Kosten und Probleme hinsichtlich der Entsorgung von Dachabdichtungsschicht, Wärmedämmschicht und Wasserdampfdiffusionssperrschicht, die als Sondermüll zu behandeln sind. Dies gilt besonders für älter Baustoffe mit FCKW-Gehalt, wie z.B. für Polyurethan-Hartschaumstoffe und extrudiertes Polystyrol. Beispielsweise rechnete man bereits im Jahre 1996 für den Abriß eines "durchschnittlichen" Warmdachs mit 200 m2 Fläche und 8 cm Dicke und für die Entsorgung als Sondermüll mit Kosten von über DM 150,--/m3 plus Frachtkosten.The total demolition of the existing roof structure to the base layer and the reconstruction of the roof structure not only cause the cost of rebuilding, but also further significant costs and problems regarding the disposal of roofing layer, thermal barrier coating and water vapor diffusion barrier layer, which are to be treated as hazardous waste. This is especially true for older building materials with CFC content, such as rigid polyurethane foams and extruded polystyrene. For example, in 1996 it was already expected to demolish an "average" warm roof with a surface area of 200 m 2 and a thickness of 8 cm and to dispose of it as hazardous waste at a cost of more than DM 150 / m 3 plus freight costs.

Berücksichtigt man ferner, daß jährlich etwa 50 Millionen m2 Flachdächer allein in der BRD saniert werden und die Notwendigkeit zur Abfallvermeidung immer größer wird, kommt der substanzerhaltenden Flachdachsanierung eine große Bedeutung zu.Taking into account the fact that annually about 50 million m 2 of flat roofs are rehabilitated in Germany alone and the need for waste prevention is increasing, the substance-sustaining flat roof renovation is of great importance.

Es sind daher in der Vergangenheit zahlreiche Vorschläge gemacht worden, die auch durchgeführt wurden, um feuchte Flachdächer trocken zu legen, siehe z.B. EP-A-1 052 343. Dabei wurden u.a. Systeme entwickelt, bei denen neben den zwangsläufig in den Baumaterialien auftretenden Wasserdampfdiffusionsprozessen ein zusätzlich gesteuerter Wasserdampfdiffusionsprozeß zur Trockenlegung herangezogen wurde und wird. Diese Steuerung erfolgt dadurch, daß man auf die alte Dachabdichtungsschicht, gegebenenfalls nach vorheriger Perforierung, Dämmplatten auflegt, die beidseitig mit Wasserdampfdiffusionssperrschichten (z.B. Alu-Kaschierungen) bzw. mit wasserdampfdiffusionshemmenden Kaschierungen bzw. Beschichtungen versehen sind und die auf ihrer Unterseite in Längs- und in Querrichtung verlaufende, sich kreuzende Ausnehmungen aufweisen, die nach Verlegung dieser Dämmplatten zusammen mit der Außenoberfläche der alten Dachabdichtungsschicht ein Kanalsystem bilden, wobei das so gebildete Kanalsystem mit der Außenluft über Lüfter, die die ebenfalls aufgebrachte wasserdichte neue Dachabdichtungsschicht durchdringen, verbunden ist. Da die durchgehende wasserdampfdichte Alu-Kaschierung bzw. die wasserdampfdiffusionshemmende Kaschierung bzw. Beschichtung die Diffusion in die darüber liegenden Schichten zumindest weitgehend unterbindet, ist die Diffusionsrichtung durch das Kanal-Diffusions-/Lüftersystem an die Außenluft vorgegeben.Numerous proposals have therefore been made in the past which have also been made to dry wet flat roofs, see e.g. EP-A-1 052 343. Thereby i.a. Developed systems in which in addition to the water vapor diffusion processes inevitably occurring in the building materials an additionally controlled water vapor diffusion process was used for draining and is. This control takes place in that one hangs on the old roofing layer, optionally after previous perforation, insulation boards, which are provided on both sides with water vapor diffusion barriers (eg aluminum laminations) or with water vapor diffusion-inhibiting laminations or coatings and on their underside in longitudinal and in Transversely extending, intersecting recesses, which form a channel system after installation of these insulation panels together with the outer surface of the old roofing layer, wherein the channel system thus formed with the outside air via fans, which penetrate the also applied waterproof new roofing layer is connected. Since the continuous water vapor-tight aluminum lamination or the water vapor diffusion-inhibiting lamination or coating at least largely prevents diffusion into the overlying layers, the diffusion direction is predetermined by the channel diffusion / ventilation system to the outside air.

Als Nachteil hat sich jedoch bei diesem System die Tatsache erwiesen, daß für den Austrocknungsprozeß relativ viel Zeit benötigt wird.A disadvantage, however, has proven in this system the fact that relatively much time is required for the drying process.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es daher, dieses System so zu verbessern, daß der Austrocknungsprozeß in kürzerer Zeit abläuft.Object of the present invention is therefore to improve this system so that the desiccation process proceeds in a shorter time.

Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe dadurch, daß man Dämmplatten einsetzt, die auf ihrer mit längs und quer verlaufenden, sich kreuzenden Ausnehmungen versehenen Unterseite teilweise oder ganz eine Wasser und/oder Wasserdampf aufsaugende bzw. aufnehmende bzw. adsorbierende und wieder abgebende bzw desorbierende Beschichtung aufweisen, wobei sich diese Beschichtung gegebenfalls auf einer bereits vorhandenen wasserdampfsperrenden bzw. -hemmenden Kaschierung bzw. Beschichtung der Dämmplatte befindet, oder aber die längs und quer verlaufenden, sich kreuzenden Ausnehmungen an der glatten, gegebenenfalls mit einer Wasserdampfdiffusionssperr- oder -hemmschicht versehenen, Unterseite der Dämmplatte aus dem Beschichtungsmaterial in Form einer mit Stegen bzw. Noppen versehenen Platte anformt.This object is achieved in that one uses insulation boards, which provided on their running with longitudinal and transverse, intersecting recesses Underside partially or completely a water and / or water vapor absorbing or absorbing or adsorbing and again donating or desorbing coating, this coating is optionally on an existing water vapor barrier or -hemmenden lamination or coating of the insulating board, or the along and transverse, intersecting recesses on the smooth, optionally provided with a Wasserdampfdiffusionssperr- or -hemmschicht, underside of the insulation board from the coating material in the form of a plate provided with webs or studs molding.

Je nachdem, ob die erfindungsgemäßen Wärmedämmplatten auf dem Untergrund verklebt werden sollen oder nicht, weisen die Stege bzw. Noppen auf ihrer Unterseite, d.h. der Auflageseite, die erfindungsgemäße Beschichtung auf oder nicht. Sollen sie z.B. mit der als Untergrund vorliegenden Wasserdampfdiffusionssperrschicht mit den dafür üblichen Klebstoffen verklebt werden, so wird eine verbesserte Verklebung dadurch erreicht, daß die Unterseite der Stege bzw. Noppen keine erfindungsgemäße Beschichtung aufweisen, so daß der Klebstoff direkt mit dem Dämmaterial in Berührung kommt.Depending on whether the thermal insulation panels according to the invention are to be glued to the substrate or not, the webs or nubs on its underside, i. the support side, the coating of the invention or not. Should they be e.g. are glued to the existing water vapor diffusion barrier layer with the usual adhesives, so improved bonding is achieved in that the underside of the webs or nubs have no coating according to the invention, so that the adhesive comes into direct contact with the insulating material.

Andererseits ist es für den "Trocknungseffekt" günstiger, wenn auch auf der Unterseite der Stege bzw. Noppen die erfindungsgemäße Beschichtung vorhanden ist, da eingedrungenes Wasser dann zusätzlich von der unterseitigen Beschichtung aufgesaugt werden kann. Dies ist natürlich nur dann möglich, wenn der Dachaufbau eine entsprechend ausgelegte Auflast als Beschwerung vorsieht, wodurch dann auf die Verklebung der Wärmedämmplatten mit dem Untergrund verzichtet werden kann.On the other hand, it is more favorable for the "drying effect" if the coating according to the invention is also present on the underside of the webs or studs, since penetrated water can then additionally be absorbed by the underside coating. Of course, this is only possible if the roof structure provides a suitably designed ballast as a weighting, which then can be dispensed with the bonding of the thermal insulation panels to the substrate.

Die kanalbildenden Ausnehmungen können jede gewünschte Form aufweisen, z.B. im Querschnitt die Form eines Halbkreises, eines gleichschenkligen Dreiecks oder eines Quadrats oder Rechtecks. Vorzugsweise weisen sie einen quadratischen oder rechteckigen Querschnitt auf.The channel-forming recesses may have any desired shape, for example, in cross-section the shape of a semicircle, an isosceles triangle or a square or rectangle. Preferably, they have a square or rectangular cross-section.

Als vorteilhaft hat sich ein sich kreuzendes Kanalsystem mit einem Achsabstand von 35 mm, einem quadratischen Kanalquerschnitt von 10 mm herausgestellt. Hier wird bei ca. 50% Auflagefläche zur Grundfläche eine ca. 1,8-fach zusätzlich beschichtete "Verdunstungsfläche" geschaffen. Für die Praxis heißt das:

  • Pro m2 Deckmaß hat die Unterseite einer derart profilierten Wärmedämmplatte ca. 0,5 m2 Berührungsfläche mit der Unterlage.
  • Zusätzlich zu der Berührungsfläche mit Unterlage von ca. 0,5 m2 beträgt die beschichtete Restfläche ca. 1,8 m2 pro m2 Deckfläche.
  • Die gesamte Unterseite der Wärmedämmplatte hat damit eine abgewickelte Oberfläche von ca. 2,3 m2 pro m2 Deckfläche.
An intersecting channel system with a center distance of 35 mm and a square channel cross section of 10 mm has proven to be advantageous. At approx. 50% contact surface with the base area, an approx. 1.8-fold additional coated "evaporation surface" is created here. For the practice this means:
  • The underside of such a profiled thermal insulation board has approx. 0.5 m 2 of contact surface with the substrate per m 2 of deck size.
  • In addition to the contact surface with a backing of about 0.5 m 2 , the coated residual surface is about 1.8 m 2 per m 2 of top surface.
  • The entire underside of the thermal insulation board thus has a developed surface of about 2.3 m 2 per m 2 deck area.

Damit ist eine ausreichende Druckfestigkeit für die Verwendung als Flachdachdämmplatte bei gleichzeitig optimaler Verdunstungsleistung für den "Austrocknungsfall nach einer Leckage", sowohl bei Anwendung im Neubaubereich wie im Sanierungsfall, sichergestellt. Diese Aussage trifft vorzugsweise auf Wärmedämmstoffe nach DIN 18 164 und DIN 18 165 zu.Thus, a sufficient compressive strength for use as a flat roof insulation plate at the same time optimal evaporation performance for the "desiccation after leakage", both when used in new construction as well as in rehabilitation, ensured. This statement applies preferably to heat insulation according to DIN 18 164 and DIN 18 165.

Bei der Errichtung eines neuen gedämmten einschaligen Flachdachs (Warmdach) unter Verwendung der erfindungsgemäßen Wärmedämmplatten geht man wie bei der herkömmlichen Erstellung solcher Flachdächer vor, d.h. zunächst wird auf die als Tragschicht dienende Betondecke eine Wasserdampfdiffusionssperrschicht, z.B. in Form einer aluminiumkaschierten Kunststoffolie aufgebracht, wobei diese Kunststoffolie an den Dachrändern entsprechend der Dachrandausbildung nach oben verlegt wird, so daß sich eine wannenartige Mulde ergibt. Auf dieser Schicht werden dann die erfindungsgemäßen Wärmedämmplatten verlegt, und schließlich mit der Dachabdichtungsschicht versiegelt. Die Wärmedämmplatten können dabei auf dem Untergrund angeklebt werden oder sie werden nicht angeklebt und dafür dann aber mit einer angemessenen Auflast als Beschwerungsschicht versehen.In the construction of a new insulated single-shell flat roof (warm roof) using the thermal insulation panels according to the invention is carried out as in the conventional preparation of such flat roofs, i. First, a concrete vapor diffusion layer, e.g. applied in the form of an aluminum-laminated plastic film, said plastic film is laid on the roof edges according to the roof edge training upwards, so that there is a trough-like depression. The thermal insulation panels according to the invention are then laid on this layer, and finally sealed with the roof sealing layer. The thermal insulation boards can be glued to the substrate or they are not glued and then but provided with a reasonable load as a layer of weighting.

Bei dem Neubau eines Flachdaches unter Verwendung der erfindungsgemäßen Wärmedämmplatten kann es aber auch von Vorteil sein, wenn man die Wärmedämmplatten, die in diesem Fall vorzugsweise auf der gesamten Oberfläche ihrer Unterseiten mit der wasseraufnehmenden und wieder abgebenden Beschichtung versehen sind, direkt auf der Betondecke (Tragschicht des Flachdachs) verlegt, d.h. ohne die üblicherweise bei den einschaligen Flachdächern (Warmdächern) verwendete Wasserdampfdiffusionssperrschicht. Eine solche direkte Verlegung auf der Betondecke bedingt, daß die Betondecke nicht nur nach unten, d.h. in Richtung "umbauter Raum" austrocknen kann, sondern auch nach oben, da die Betonfeuchtigkeit von der erfindungsgemäßen Beschichtung der Wärmedämmplatten aufgenommen und mittels des Kanalsystems über die Lüfter an die Außenluft wieder abgegeben wird. Das gleiche gilt natürlich für den Fall, daß ein derart aufgebautes wärmeisoliertes Flachdach durch eine lokale "Verletzung" undicht wird und Wasser in den Aufbau eindringt. Nach "Heilung" der lokalen "Verletzung" kann das eingedrungene Wasser via der erfindungsgemäßen Beschichtung und des Kanalsystems durch die Lüfter aufgrund der gezielten Wasserdampfdiffusion an die Außenluft abgegeben werden.In the construction of a new flat roof using the thermal insulation panels according to the invention, it may also be advantageous if the thermal insulation panels, which are provided in this case preferably on the entire surface of their undersides with the water-absorbing and releasing coating, laid directly on the concrete floor (base layer of the flat roof), ie without the water vapor diffusion barrier layer commonly used in single-shell flat roofs (warm roofs). Such a direct installation on the concrete pavement requires that the concrete pavement not only downwards, ie in the direction of "enclosed space" dry out, but also upwards, since the concrete moisture absorbed by the coating of the invention of the thermal insulation panels and by means of the channel system on the fan the outside air is released again. The same is true of course in the event that a thus constructed heat insulated flat roof by a local "injury" is leaking and water penetrates into the structure. After "healing" of the local "injury", the penetrated water can be released via the coating according to the invention and the channel system through the fan due to the targeted diffusion of water vapor to the outside air.

Das gleiche gilt natürlich im Prinzip auch für den Fall, wenn die erfindungsgemäßen Wärmedämmplatten auf einer Wasserdampfdiffusionssperrschicht verlegt werden und es zu einem Wassereinbruch kommt.The same of course applies in principle also for the case when the thermal insulation panels according to the invention are laid on a water vapor diffusion barrier layer and there is a water ingress.

Bei der substanzerhaltenden Sanierung von durchfeuchteten Flachdächern, d.h. unter Erhalt des alten Dachaufbaus, können die erfindungsgemäßen Wärmedämmplatten direkt auf der alten Dachabdichtungsbahn oder nach Entfernung der alten Dachabdichtungsbahn direkt auf der alten Wärmedämmschicht verlegt werden, gegebenenfalls nach vorheriger Perforierung der alten Dachabdichtungsschicht und/oder der Wärmedämmschicht.In the substance-sustaining remediation of moistened flat roofs, i. while retaining the old roof structure, the thermal insulation panels according to the invention can be installed directly on the old roofing membrane or after removal of the old roofing membrane directly on the old thermal insulation layer, possibly after previous perforation of the old roofing layer and / or the thermal barrier coating.

Vorzugsweise geht man jedoch dabei so vor, daß man, bevor man die erfindungsgemäßen Wärmedämmplatten auf dem durchfeuchteten Dachaufbau verlegt, die alte Dachabdichtungsschicht und die alte Wärmedämmschicht perforiert und/oder in Abständen zueinander mit Ausnehmungen, z.B. zylindrischen Ausbohrungen, versieht und diese Ausnehmungen mit saugfähigem Füllmaterial, z.B. mit Zementmörtel, Kalkmörtel oder Papierbrei, innerseitig beschichtet oder die Ausnehmungen vollständig verfüllt, wobei man vorzugsweise verstreichbare saugfähige Füllmaterialien einsetzt, so daß man auch die Randbereiche der Öffnungen mit dem saugfähigen Füllmaterial bestreichen kann, um so die saugenden (wasser aufnehmenden und wasserabgebenden) Kontaktflächen zwischen den "Saug- bzw. Verdunstungspfropfen" und der saugfähigen Beschichtung der darauf gelegten erfindungsgemäßen Dämmplatten und damit den Löschblatt- bzw. Dochteffekt vergrößern zu können. Die Öffnungen können aber auch mit trockenen saugfähigen Materialien, wie z.B. Ziegelmehl oder -granulat, Gasbetonmehl oder handelsüblichem Trockenmörtel, gefüllt werden. Sowohl die verstreichbaren saugfähigen Füllmaterialien als auch die trockenen saugfähigen Füllmaterialien, die das Wasser aufnehmen und wieder abgeben, können zusätzlich andere saugfähige Zuschläge und/oder thermisch isolierend wirkende Materialien enthalten.Preferably, however, one proceeds in such a way that, before laying the thermal insulation panels according to the invention on the moistened roof structure, perforated the old roofing layer and the old thermal barrier coating and / or at intervals with recesses, eg cylindrical bores, and these recesses with absorbent filler material . For example, with cement mortar, lime mortar or pulp, coated on the inside or the recesses completely filled, preferably using spreadable absorbent filling materials, so that you can also coat the edge regions of the openings with the absorbent filler, so as the absorbent (water-absorbing and water-emitting) contact surfaces between the "suction or Verdunstungspfropfen" and the absorbent coating of the applied thereon insulation boards according to the invention and thus to increase the Löschblatt- or wicking effect. The openings can also be filled with dry absorbent materials, such as brick or granules, aerated concrete or commercially available dry mortar. Both the spreadable absorbent fillers and the dry absorbent fillers that receive and release the water may additionally contain other absorbent additives and / or thermally insulating materials.

Die vorliegende Erfindung wird anhand der Fig. 1 bis 7 erläutert, ohne sie jedoch darauf einzuschränken. In den Fig. haben die Bezugszeichen die in der nachfolgenden Liste der Bezugszeichen angegebene Bedeutung.The present invention will be explained with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7, but without limiting it thereto. In the figures, the reference numerals have the meaning given in the following list of reference numerals.

Liste der BezugszeichenList of reference numbers

11
Wärmedämmplattethermal insulation board
22
Wärmedämmstoff, z.B. Kunststoff-Hartschaumstoff oder MineralfasernThermal insulation material, e.g. Plastic rigid foam or mineral fibers
33
in Längs- und Querrichtung verlaufende, sich kreuzende Ausnehmungenin the longitudinal and transverse direction, intersecting recesses
44
kanalbildende Stege oder Noppenchannel-forming webs or nubs
55
Wasserdampfdiffusionssperr- oder -hemmschichten, z.B. Alu-Kaschierung oder SiliconbeschichtungVapor diffusion barrier or retardant layers, e.g. Alu-lamination or silicone coating
66
restliche Oberflächen der Unterseite der Wärmedämmplatte 1remaining surfaces of the underside of the thermal insulation board 1
77
Wasser und/oder Wasserdampf aufnehmende und wieder abgebende Beschichtung, z.B. stark saugfähige Dünnbett-MörtelbeschichtungWater and / or water vapor receiving and releasing coating, e.g. highly absorbent thin-bed mortar coating
88th
Seitenwände der Stege bzw. NoppenSidewalls of the webs or nubs
99
Unterseiten der Stege bzw. Noppen (Auflageflächen)Bottom sides of the webs or nubs (bearing surfaces)
1010
ganzflächige Beschichtung 7 mit aus dem Beschichtungsmaterial angeformten Stegen bzw. Noppen 4full-surface coating 7 with webs or nubs 4 formed from the coating material
1111
Dachdecke (Tragschicht), z.B. BetondeckeRoofing (support layer), e.g. concrete ceiling
1212
Wasserdampfdiffusionssperrschicht (alt), z.B. Alu-kaschierte Kunststoff-FolieWater vapor diffusion barrier layer (old), e.g. Aluminum-laminated plastic film
1313
Wärmedämmschicht (alt), z.B. Kunststoff-Hartschaum oder MineralfasernThermal barrier coating (old), e.g. Plastic foam or mineral fibers
1414
Dachabdichtungsschicht (alte Dachhaut), z.B. witterungsbeständige Kunststoffbahn oder BitumenabdichtungRoofing layer (old roofing), e.g. weather-resistant plastic sheet or bitumen waterproofing
1515
Ausnehmung, z.B. zylindrische AusbohrungRecess, e.g. cylindrical bore
1616
Füllmaterialfilling material
1717
Randbereiche der Ausnehmung mit Beschichtung 7Edge regions of the recess with coating 7
1818
neue Dachabdichtungsschicht (neue Dachhaut), z.B. witterungsbeständige Kunststoffbahn, Bitumenabdichtung oder Flüssigbeschichtungnew roofing layer (new roofing), e.g. weather-resistant plastic sheet, bitumen waterproofing or liquid coating
1919
LüfterFan
Fig. 1Fig. 1
zeigt in perspektivischer Darstellung die Unterseite der Wärmedämmplatte 1 mit dem kanalbildenden Stegen bzw. Noppen 4. Die gesamte Unterseite ist mit der wasseraufnehmenden und wieder abgebenden Beschichtung 7 versehen.shows a perspective view of the underside of the thermal insulation board 1 with the channel-forming webs or nubs 4. The entire bottom is provided with the water-absorbing and releasing coating 7.
Fig. 2Fig. 2
zeigt in schematischer Darstellung einen Querschnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäße Wärmedämmplatte 1 aus dem Wärmedämmstoff 2, die auf ihrer Unterseite die kanalbildenden Stege bzw. Noppen 4 aufweist. Die gesamte Unterseite ist mit der wasseraufnehmenden und wieder abgebenden Beschichtung 7 versehen.shows a schematic representation of a cross section through a thermal insulation panel 1 of the invention from the thermal insulation material 2, which has on its underside the channel-forming webs or nubs 4. The entire underside is provided with the water-absorbing and releasing coating 7.
Fig. 3Fig. 3
zeigt in schematischer Darstellung einen Querschnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäße Wärmedämmplatte 1 wie in Fig. 2 dargestellt, jedoch mit dem Unterschied, daß die Unterseiten 9 der Stege bzw. Noppen 4 keine wasseraufnehmende und wieder abgebende Beschichtung 7 aufweisen.shows a schematic representation of a cross section through a thermal insulation panel 1 according to the invention as shown in Fig. 2, but with the difference that the lower sides 9 of the webs or studs 4 have no water-absorbing and releasing coating 7 again.
Fig. 4Fig. 4
zeigt in schematischer Darstellung einen Querschnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäße Wärmedämmplatte 1 wie in Fig. 2 dargestellt, jedoch mit dem Unterschied, daß sich auf der oberen Seite und auf der unteren Seite zwischen wasseraufnehmender und wieder abgebender Beschichtung 7 jeweils eine Wasserdampfdiffusionssperr- oder -hemmschicht 5 befindet. Vorzugsweise befindet sich jedoch an der Unterseite zusätzlich oder anstelle der Sperr- bzw. Hemmschicht 5 eine Schicht aus einem Haftvermittler, der vorzugsweise gleichzeitig die Funktion der Sperr- bzw. Hemmschicht 5 übernimmt, um die Haftung der erfindungsgemäßen wasseraufnehmenden und wieder abgebenden Beschichtung 7 an der Unterseite der Wärmedämmplatte 1 zu verbessern. Die Beschichtung 7 befindet sich nicht nur auf den Seitenwänden und der Unterseite der Stege bzw. Noppen, sondern auch an den Teil-Unterseiten 6 der Wärmedämmplatte 1. Für bestimmte Zwecke ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die Beschichtung 7 an der Unterseite 8 der Stege bzw. Noppen 4 fehlt, um eine sichere Verklebung der Wärmedämmplatte 1 auf der Unterlage zu ermöglichen, wie dies im Prinzip Fig. 3 zeigt.shows a schematic representation of a cross section through a thermal insulation board 1 according to the invention as shown in Fig. 2, but with the difference that on the upper side and on the lower side between water-absorbing and again donating coating 7 each a Wasserdampfdiffusionssperr- or -hemmschicht 5 is , Preferably, however, is at the bottom in addition to or instead of the blocking or inhibiting layer 5 is a layer of a primer, which preferably simultaneously assumes the function of the blocking or inhibiting layer 5, the adhesion of the inventive water-absorbing and releasing coating 7 at the Underside of the thermal insulation board 1 to improve. The coating 7 is located not only on the side walls and the underside of the webs or studs, but also on the sub-bases 6 of the thermal insulation board 1. For certain purposes, it is advantageous if the coating 7 on the underside 8 of the webs or Nubs 4 is missing to allow a secure bonding of the thermal insulation board 1 on the substrate, as shown in principle in FIG. 3.
Fig. 5Fig. 5
zeigt in schematischer Darstellung im Querschnitt eine Wärmedämmplatte 1, bei der an der Dämmstoffschicht 2 unten die wasseraufnehmende und wieder abgebende Beschichtung 7 angebracht ist und gleichzeitig die Noppen bzw. Stege 4 aus dem gleichen Material wie die Beschichtung 7 angeformt sind.shows a schematic representation in cross-section of a thermal insulation board 1, in which the water-absorbing and releasing coating 7 is attached to the insulation layer 2 below and at the same time the knobs or webs 4 are formed from the same material as the coating 7.
Fig. 6Fig. 6
zeigt in schematischer Darstellung im Querschnitt eine Wärmedämmplatte 1 wie in Fig. 5 dargestellt, jedoch mit dem Unterschied, daß sich auf der oberen Seite und an der unteren Seite der Dämmstoffschicht 2 eine Wasserdampfdiffusionssperr- bzw. -hemmschicht 5 befindet.shows a schematic representation in cross section of a thermal insulation board 1 as shown in Fig. 5, but with the difference that on the upper side and on the lower side of the insulating layer 2 is a Wasserdampfdiffusionssperr- or -hemmschicht 5 is.
Fig. 7Fig. 7
zeigt in schematischer Darstellung im Querschnitt den Aufbau eines sanierten feuchten Flachdaches, das unter Verwendung der erfindungsgemäßen Wärmedämmplatte 1 trockengelegt wurde. Auf der Betondecke 11 (Tragschicht) befindet sich die alte Wasserdampfdiffusionssperrschicht 12, auf der sich die alte Wärmedämmschicht 13 befindet. Auf der alten Wärmedämmschicht 13 ist die alte Dachabdichtungsschicht 14 angeordnet. Die alte Dachabdichtungsschicht 14 und die alte Wärmedämmschicht 13 wurden bis nahe an die alte Wasserdampfdiffusionssperrschicht 12 mit Ausnehmungen 15 versehen, die an ihren Seitenwänden mit einer wasseraufnehmenden und wieder abgebenden Beschichtung versehen ist, wobei die oberen Randbereiche der Ausnehmung zusätzlich mit dieser Beschichtung bestrichen sind. Diese Ausnehmung kann auch vollständig mit dem Beschichtungsmaterial gefüllt sein, so daß ein Saug- bzw. Verdunstungspfropfen entsteht. Das Wasser wird dann auf dem Wege der Wasserdampfdiffusion durch die Kanäle zum Lüfter 19 geführt, wo es an die Außenluft abgegeben wird.shows a schematic representation in cross section of the structure of a renovated wet flat roof, which was drained using the thermal insulation board 1 according to the invention. On the concrete floor 11 (base layer) is the old water vapor diffusion barrier layer 12, on the old thermal barrier coating 13 is located. On the old thermal barrier coating 13, the old roofing layer 14 is arranged. The old roofing layer 14 and the old thermal barrier layer 13 were provided close to the old water vapor diffusion barrier layer 12 with recesses 15 provided on their side walls with a water-absorbing and re-releasing coating, wherein the upper edge regions of the recess are additionally coated with this coating. This recess may also be completely filled with the coating material, so that a suction or evaporation plug is formed. The water is then passed by way of water vapor diffusion through the channels to the fan 19, where it is discharged to the outside air.

Claims (10)

  1. Heat insulating panel (1) for building purposes, which substantially consists of insulating material (2), preferably rigid plastic foam, or of mineral fibres or natural fibres, and which has on its underside crossing depressions (3), running in the longitudinal and transverse directions, in order to form a system of channels with the remaining ridges or protrusions (4) after it is laid on the surface of the previous layer, characterized in that the surfaces of the ridges or protrusions (4) in their entirety or in part and the remaining surfaces of the underside (6) of the heat insulating panel (1) have a coating (7) which absorbs or takes up water and/or water vapour, passes the water on by the absorbent effect and releases it into the ambient air, or the ridges or protrusions (4) and the other regions of the underside (6) of the heat insulating panel (1) consist in their entirety of the material of the coating (7).
  2. Heat insulating panel (1) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the coating (7) has a layer thickness of from 0.01 to 50 mm, preferably from 0.5 to 5 mm.
  3. Heat insulating panel (1) according to Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the clear height of the ridges or protrusions is 3 to 50 mm, preferably 10 to 25 mm.
  4. Heat insulating panel (1) according to one or more of the preceding Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the capillary water-absorbing and water-transporting coating (7) consists of both organic and inorganic materials or of mixtures thereof.
  5. Heat insulating panel (1) according to one or more of the preceding Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the coating (7) is formed from a cement slurry or a thin-bed mortar, if appropriate with additional absorbent additives and/or thermally insulating materials.
  6. Heat insulating panel (1) according to one or more of the preceding Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the heat insulating material (2) consists of rigid plastic foam, preferably of polystyrene or polyurethane.
  7. Use of the heat insulating panels (1) according to one or more of the preceding Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that these heat insulating panels (1) are used for the renovation of damp flat roofs or the new construction of flat roofs, it being possible, if appropriate, when they are used for new construction to dispense with a water vapour diffusion barrier layer (9).
  8. Method of renovating damp-through flat roofs while retaining their substance, in which either the heat insulating panels (1) according to the preceding Claims 1 to 6 are
    (a) laid directly on the old roof structure, or
    (b) before they are laid, the old roof structure is perforated, or
    (c) before they are laid, the old roof structure is provided with depressions (15), preferably in the form of cylindrical drilled-out clearances, at intervals from one another through the old roof sealing layer (11) and through the old heat insulating layer (13) to close to the old water vapour diffusion barrier layer (12), these depressions (15) are coated on the inside or completely filled with a water-absorbing and re-releasing filling material (16), in the case of brushable materials the upper edge regions (17) of the depressions (15) are preferably also brushed, or
    (d) before they are laid, the old roof sealing layer (14) of the old roof structure is removed and, if appropriate, the old heat insulating layer (13) is perforated and/or provided with depressions (15) and, if appropriate, these are treated as specified above, and, after the heat insulating panels (1) have been laid, the new roof sealing layer (18) is applied and the vents (19) fitted.
  9. Method according to Claim 8, characterized in that a highly water-absorbent lime and/or cement mortar, brick dust, brick granules, aerated concrete dust, aerated concrete granules or commercially available ready-made mortar is used as the filling material (16).
  10. Method according to Claim 8 and/or 9, characterized in that a filling material (16) which additionally contains absorbent additives and/or thermally insulating materials is used.
EP02000710A 2001-01-14 2002-01-11 Insulation panels and their use for renovating flat roofs Expired - Lifetime EP1223261B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10101302 2001-01-14
DE10101302 2001-01-14

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EP1223261A2 EP1223261A2 (en) 2002-07-17
EP1223261A3 EP1223261A3 (en) 2003-01-22
EP1223261B1 true EP1223261B1 (en) 2006-12-13

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AT (1) ATE348228T1 (en)
DE (2) DE50208920D1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE20209021U1 (en) * 2002-06-11 2003-01-09 Wittenbauer Rudolf Water barrier film for building roof has alignment markings on film formed by printing or pressing
ATE550504T1 (en) 2007-02-19 2012-04-15 Terra Consulting Gmbh DEVICE FOR RENOVATION OF FLAT ROOFS
NO333076B1 (en) 2007-12-05 2013-02-25 Isola As Felt-coated camplate and its use
EP2372041B1 (en) * 2010-03-29 2016-08-17 Infinex Holding GmbH Carrier plate and method for its manufacture
CH704044A1 (en) * 2010-11-02 2012-05-15 Swisspor Man Ag Insulation.
CH706714A2 (en) 2012-07-06 2014-01-15 Robert Ruhlmann Agent for improving the thermal insulation properties of inorganic materials.
DE202013001318U1 (en) * 2012-09-13 2013-12-19 Stefan Günthner Facade insulation panels with diffusion channels
AT520877B1 (en) * 2018-01-25 2020-02-15 Steinbacher Daemmstoff Ges M B H Insulation Board
US11879255B2 (en) 2020-07-01 2024-01-23 Gebrüder Jaeger GmbH Decoupling mat and floor structure, in particular in a building with a decoupling mat

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3310013A1 (en) * 1983-03-19 1984-09-27 Drefahl, Jens, Ing.(grad.), 6458 Rodenbach Composite structure consisting of filter layer, drain layer and heat-insulation layer
HU210950B (en) * 1987-02-12 1995-09-28 Taurus Gumiipari Vallalat Vapour proof layer mainly to holding among a prescribed valves of damp-content
DE3817333A1 (en) * 1988-05-20 1989-11-30 Chem Epitoeanyagipari Roof coverings for insulating, in particular, new or damaged flat roofs, and process for the production thereof
EP1052343A1 (en) * 1999-05-10 2000-11-15 Ecotherm Beheer B.V. Method for renovation of insulated roofs and renovation plate for renovation of insulated roofs.

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EP1223261A3 (en) 2003-01-22
ATE348228T1 (en) 2007-01-15
DE10200896A1 (en) 2002-10-02
EP1223261A2 (en) 2002-07-17

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