EP1220818A1 - Produits pour le traitement des eaux en vue d'avoir de plus longs intervalles de changements d'eaux dans des systemes de reception - Google Patents

Produits pour le traitement des eaux en vue d'avoir de plus longs intervalles de changements d'eaux dans des systemes de reception

Info

Publication number
EP1220818A1
EP1220818A1 EP00956453A EP00956453A EP1220818A1 EP 1220818 A1 EP1220818 A1 EP 1220818A1 EP 00956453 A EP00956453 A EP 00956453A EP 00956453 A EP00956453 A EP 00956453A EP 1220818 A1 EP1220818 A1 EP 1220818A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
water
acid
carboxylic acid
organic carboxylic
salt
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP00956453A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Günter Ritter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tetra GmbH
Original Assignee
Tetra GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tetra GmbH filed Critical Tetra GmbH
Publication of EP1220818A1 publication Critical patent/EP1220818A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/68—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition of specified substances, e.g. trace elements, for ameliorating potable water
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S426/00—Food or edible material: processes, compositions, and products
    • Y10S426/805—Pet food for dog, cat, bird, or fish

Definitions

  • the invention relates to chemically and microbiologically active preparations for extending the water change-free intervals in biological housing systems
  • Has the source water e.g. B. tap water, a sufficient quality, can be counteracted by frequent partial or complete water changes a deterioration in water quality caused by the housing.
  • the procedure of changing the water is cumbersome and uncomfortable for the aquarist, for the kept fish and other aquatic organisms not without, e.g. T. considerable risk from undesirable properties of the fresh starting water, for example chlorine, heavy metals.
  • a regular change of partial water cannot eliminate the changes typical of the system, but only reduces them and the deterioration in water quality is only delayed.
  • a regular change of partial water carries additional risks, which are derived from increased stress for fish and other aquatic organisms and caused by the fresh water used.
  • With the very widespread use of tap water there is a risk from chlorine, heavy metals and the absence of organic colloids, which gives the tap water a certain aggressiveness towards the mucous membrane. It is therefore desirable to develop a water treatment agent or process that reduces, minimizes or eliminates the described changes in water quality-determining parameters and thus enables a significant reduction in the frequency of partial water changes or a significant extension of the water change-free intervals.
  • Nitrogen sources with the feed All nitrogen sources from the feed, for the most part proteins, are oxidized to nitrate by ammonia and nitrite.
  • the constant increase in nitrate is an unnatural burden on the housing water, which is undesirable for aquarists.
  • the nitrate content of the initial water is often so high, e.g. B. at 25 - 50 mg / 1, so that the natural N0 3 ⁇ concentration of a few mg / 1 can never be reached by water changes.
  • the lowering of the carbonate hardness due to nitrification is another example of the undesired water changes mentioned.
  • the oxidation of the continuously supplied organic nitrogen takes place via the oxidation of ammonia to nitrite made possible by nitrifying bacteria. In this biological process one mole of H + ions is formed per mole of ammonia.
  • the released H + ions react with existing bases, mostly bicarbonate as a carbonate hardness, with protonation and reduction of the carbonate hardness.
  • the invention was based on the object of developing a water additive which, from a general point of view
  • the water additive should reduce, minimize or eliminate the following chemical changes when used regularly:
  • the invention thus relates to a composition for long-term improvement in the water quality of biological housing systems, characterized by a content of
  • Alkaline earth metal salt of an organic carboxylic acid Alkaline earth metal salt of an organic carboxylic acid
  • the resulting composition can contain all the essential components in addition to the components necessary to eliminate the sub-problems described at the beginning Contain trace elements and water-soluble vitamins, especially those from the B group.
  • the new composition (in the form of a combination preparation) for combined problem solving contains the following individual components:
  • the precipitated metal hydroxides with co-occluded phosphate accumulate in the filter sludge and are eliminated during regular filter cleaning.
  • the phosphate increase can be completely prevented.
  • the phosphate precipitation according to the invention has serious and surprising advantages:
  • Aluminum citrate and / or iron citrate are preferably used.
  • the application concentration in the holding water is 0.5 - 50 mg / 1, preferably 0.5 - 10 mg / 1 at a dosage of once to three times a week.
  • the housing water is regularly N-free, If organic, degradable substances are added, the increase in the nitrate concentration is slowed down or limited even without the presence of anaerobic reactors and a nitrate concentration is reached which is at a medium level. Without treatment with these water additives according to the invention, the nitrate content increases monotonously and indefinitely. Since the reason for the prevented or braked increase in nitrate is a partial denitrification in anaerobic micro-areas in the filter, the nitrification-related loss of carbonate hardness (HC0 3 ⁇ concentration) is inhibited or limited parallel to the slowing down or limitation of the nitrate increase.
  • biodegradable organic compounds can be used as nitrate-reducing, water-soluble compounds, but preferably aliphatic compounds such as alcohols, e.g. As glycerin, sorbitol or ethanol, sugar, e.g. Pentoses, hexoses or sucrose, or carboxylic acids, e.g. Acetic acid, citric acid, lactic acid or tartaric acid.
  • alcohols e.g. As glycerin, sorbitol or ethanol
  • sugar e.g. Pentoses, hexoses or sucrose
  • carboxylic acids e.g. Acetic acid, citric acid, lactic acid or tartaric acid.
  • Acetic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, glycerol, glucose, sucrose are preferably used, a combination of citric acid, tartaric acid and sucrose having proven particularly useful.
  • the application concentrations in the cage water for citric acid are 0.5 - 100 mg / 1, preferably 1 - 20 mg / 1; for sucrose 0.5 - 50 mg / 1, preferably 1 - 20 mg / 1, and for tartaric acid 0.5 - 50 mg / 1, preferably 1 - 20 mg / 1, at a dosage of once to three times a week.
  • the carbonate hardness is also stabilized at minimum values below which the carbonate hardness does not drop any further.
  • the added compounds are completely broken down to H 2 0 and C0 2 .
  • the C0 2 formed is used as a C source by plants, algae and nitrifying bacteria.
  • the C0 2 " concentration can be corrected downwards as required.
  • the following microbiological / chemical principle is used, using Na + , Ca 2+ , Mg + and Sr 2+ salts of aliphatic carboxylic acids, such as, for example, acetic acid, lactic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid , Formic acid, propionic acid, malic acid and the like.
  • carboxylic acids e.g. B. acetic acid, microbiologically degraded, only H 2 0 and C0 2 are formed :
  • the bicarbonates are formed after biodegradation.
  • This may be the example of sodium hydrogen carbonate from organic sodium salts, e.g. B. Na acetate, Na citrate, not yet act very spectacular, since NaHC0 3 itself is easily accessible. But even here with liquid preparations there is the great advantage of the - in comparison to NaHC0 3 - mostly very high solubility, for example Na acetate, which allows high product concentrations and ranges.
  • the Na salt of organic carboxylic acids has a pH-neutral effect, can even be made acidic in the product with excess carboxylic acid (s). Naturally, this is not possible with NaHC0 3 or Na 2 C0 3 .
  • M 2+ Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ , Sr 2+
  • the dosages are based on the desired setting or increase in the carbonate hardness or the HC0 3 " concentration.
  • 1 mmol / 1 Na salt of organic carboxylic acids increases the carbonate hardness by 2.8 ° dH
  • 1 mmol / 1 Mg 2+ , Ca 2 + , Sr 2+ salts of organic carboxylic acids increases the carbonate hardness by 5.6 ° dH.
  • Na + salts practically all aliphatic carboxylic acids, especially acetic acid, lactic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid and the like.
  • alphatic carboxylic acids that form water-soluble Ca 2+ salts, especially formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, lactic acid, malic acid and the like.
  • Na + and Mg 2+ salts of citric acid and tartaric acid are preferably used.
  • Ca 2+ salts can be dispensed with due to the normally high Ca 2+ content of the initial water, but admixing is generally possible if acids are used that form soluble Ca salts.
  • the carbonate hardness expediently added to the holding water once to three times a week, is 0.05-5 ° dH, preferably 0.1-1.0 ° dH. This is achieved by the appropriate addition of 0.018-1.8 mmol / 1 alkali metal salts, preferably 0.036-0.36 mmol / 1, or 0.009-0.9 mmol / 1 alkaline earth metal salts, preferably 0.018-0.18 mmol, or corresponding mixtures of alkali metal and alkaline earth metal salts.
  • C0 2 Only controlled amounts of C0 2 are generated, which serve plants, algae and autotrophic microorganisms for the supply of carbon.
  • Mg 2+ and Ca 2+ bicarbonates formed from organic salts described here in addition to the Mg 2+ and Ca 2+ bicarbonates formed from organic salts described here, other inorganic Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ salts, such as chlorides or sulfates, can also be added in combination, so that every possible or required chemical
  • Mg 2+ salts (if necessary also Ca 2+ salts) of citric acid and tartaric acid are preferably used.
  • the total hardness added to the housing water once or three times a week, as magnesium hardness, is 0.01
  • carboxylic acids formic acid, oxalic acid, acetic acid, lactic acid, citric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid
  • alcohols ethanol, glycerin, sorbitol
  • sugar pentoses, hexoses, sucrose.
  • Carboxylic acids therefore generate C0 2 in a step process:
  • Alcohols and sugars added to the housing system are only broken down by the relatively slow microbiological reaction to H 2 0 and C0 2 .
  • a very uniform C0 2 introduction can be achieved, e.g. B. by the combination of citric acid and sucrose or acetic acid and sucrose.
  • Storage water (after the complete breakdown of the organic additives) is 1 - 100 mg / 1, preferably 5 - 50 mg / 1 at a dosage of once to three times a week.
  • the trace elements are metered into the housing water once to three times a week with the combination agent according to the invention.
  • Table 2 below lists the general and preferred concentration ranges of the water-soluble vitamins from the B group introduced into the housing water:
  • the vitamins are dosed once to three times a week with the active ingredient combination.
  • the aquariums were kept for 6 months without changing the water. Evaporated water was supplemented by demineralized water in order to create a worst-case situation with regard to KH (carbonate hardness) losses and pH drop.
  • KH carbonate hardness
  • the phosphate concentration remained below 0.1 to 0.2 mg / 1 throughout the test period.
  • the acid drop could thus be reliably prevented, the pH values were stabilized in the pH range 7.3 - 8.0.
  • the CO 2 concentration remained between 2.5 and 20 mg / 1 CO 2 .
  • composition composition, preparation, dosage form of the combination product or preparation according to the invention:
  • composition of the combination product or preparation is derived from
  • the combination agents according to the invention can be in the form of concentrates, aqueous solutions or solid
  • Preparations such as As powders, granules, extrudates, tablets, beads or in capsules can be provided.
  • the preparations can contain further components corresponding to the prior art, for example preservatives, thickeners, once a week) - 1 x per 2 weeks suspension stabilizers for liquid preparations, dyes, technological aids for granulation, tableting or extrusion, flow improver for powders.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Biological Wastes In General (AREA)
  • Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Water By Ion Exchange (AREA)
  • Removal Of Specific Substances (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Water By Oxidation Or Reduction (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une composition destinée à améliorer la qualité de l'eau à long terme dans des systèmes de réception, caractérisée en ce qu'elle renferme 1) au moins un sel facilement soluble ou difficilement soluble de Al?3+-, Fe3+-, TiO2+¿-, ou ZrO2+ d'un acide carboxylique organique, le cas échéant mélangé avec un acide carboxylique; 2) au moins un composé organique biodégradable exempt de N, soluble dans l'eau; au moins un sel soluble alcalin ou alcalino-terreux d'un acide carboxylique organique, et 4) au moins un sel de Mg2+ d'un acide carboxylique organique, mélangé, le cas échéant, avec au moins un sel de Ca2+ d'un acide carboxylique organique et, 5) des éléments de trace et des vitamines, en particulier des vitamines de la série B solubles dans l'eau. Grâce à la composition précitée, des variations de paramètres déterminants pour la qualité de l'eau peuvent être réduits, minimisés ou éliminés, permettant ainsi d'obtenir une réduction significative de la fréquence des changements partiels de l'eau ou une notable prolongation des intervalles sans changement d'eau.
EP00956453A 1999-09-18 2000-08-16 Produits pour le traitement des eaux en vue d'avoir de plus longs intervalles de changements d'eaux dans des systemes de reception Withdrawn EP1220818A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19944800A DE19944800B4 (de) 1999-09-18 1999-09-18 Wasserbehandlungsmittel zur Verlängerung der Wasserwechselintervalle in Hälterungssystemen
DE19944800 1999-09-18
PCT/EP2000/007981 WO2001021534A1 (fr) 1999-09-18 2000-08-16 Produits pour le traitement des eaux en vue d'avoir de plus longs intervalles de changements d'eaux dans des systemes de reception

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1220818A1 true EP1220818A1 (fr) 2002-07-10

Family

ID=7922494

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00956453A Withdrawn EP1220818A1 (fr) 1999-09-18 2000-08-16 Produits pour le traitement des eaux en vue d'avoir de plus longs intervalles de changements d'eaux dans des systemes de reception

Country Status (14)

Country Link
US (1) US6979411B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1220818A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4820514B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR100747124B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN100457648C (fr)
AU (1) AU777871B2 (fr)
BR (1) BR0014069B1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2382950C (fr)
CZ (1) CZ2002910A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE19944800B4 (fr)
EA (1) EA006817B1 (fr)
HK (1) HK1049992B (fr)
PL (1) PL205060B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2001021534A1 (fr)

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US20050193956A1 (en) * 2004-02-20 2005-09-08 Axelrod Glen S. Synthetic ocean salt
JP4863110B2 (ja) * 2006-06-28 2012-01-25 株式会社日立プラントテクノロジー 飼育水浄化用の包括固定化担体、飼育水の浄化方法及び装置、並びに水槽セット
RU2476083C2 (ru) * 2007-08-29 2013-02-27 Марс, Инкорпорейтед Однопорционный корм для кошек и способы его получения
DE102009014945A1 (de) 2009-03-30 2010-10-07 Schmidt, Hartmut, Prof. Dr. Verbesserung des gemeinsamen Pflanzenwachstums in stehenden Gewässern
DE102014007673A1 (de) * 2014-05-27 2015-12-03 AQ Marketing AG Salzmischung zur Ergänzung des Mineralienhaushalts im Aquaristikbereich, gebrauchsfertige Lösung der Salzmischung, Verwendung der Salzmischung und durch Letzteres erhaltener Aquaristikzierstein
CN104604936A (zh) * 2014-12-19 2015-05-13 角志海 一种新型水体除藻剂及其制备方法
CN106587368A (zh) * 2015-10-15 2017-04-26 国科蓝天清洁能源技术有限公司 一种生物冷效提升清洁剂及其用途
CN105941297A (zh) * 2016-05-05 2016-09-21 广州力必拓生物科技有限公司 养殖水环境钙镁盐平行调节剂及使用方法和应用
CN109329187B (zh) * 2018-10-30 2021-12-07 江苏世邦生物工程科技有限公司 具有微量元素释放功能的模块化生态水产养殖单元
CN109574230B (zh) * 2018-11-28 2021-11-12 昆明理工大学 MgCl2和KNO3在提高植物对镉的富集能力中的用途
CN110002533B (zh) * 2019-03-25 2021-02-05 中国科学院化学研究所 一种利用乙酸的协同作用实现三氯乙酸光降解的方法
AU2021312234A1 (en) * 2020-07-21 2023-02-16 Spectrum Brands, Inc. Compositions and methods for treating aquarium water

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
HK1049992B (zh) 2009-12-11
JP4820514B2 (ja) 2011-11-24
JP2003530824A (ja) 2003-10-21
AU6838800A (en) 2001-04-24
CA2382950A1 (fr) 2001-03-29
AU777871B2 (en) 2004-11-04
BR0014069B1 (pt) 2010-12-28
KR100747124B1 (ko) 2007-08-09
CZ2002910A3 (cs) 2002-09-11
CN100457648C (zh) 2009-02-04
WO2001021534A1 (fr) 2001-03-29
HK1049992A1 (en) 2003-06-06
PL353928A1 (en) 2003-12-15
CA2382950C (fr) 2009-03-10
PL205060B1 (pl) 2010-03-31
EA200200384A1 (ru) 2002-08-29
KR20020063857A (ko) 2002-08-05
DE19944800A1 (de) 2001-03-22
EA006817B1 (ru) 2006-04-28
DE19944800B4 (de) 2012-04-12
BR0014069A (pt) 2002-05-14
US6979411B1 (en) 2005-12-27
CN1374930A (zh) 2002-10-16

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