EP1214560B1 - Partial fragmentation projectile with a penetrator in the tail of the projectile - Google Patents

Partial fragmentation projectile with a penetrator in the tail of the projectile Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1214560B1
EP1214560B1 EP00960558A EP00960558A EP1214560B1 EP 1214560 B1 EP1214560 B1 EP 1214560B1 EP 00960558 A EP00960558 A EP 00960558A EP 00960558 A EP00960558 A EP 00960558A EP 1214560 B1 EP1214560 B1 EP 1214560B1
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Prior art keywords
bullet
nose
core
projectile
penetrator
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EP00960558A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1214560A1 (en
EP1214560B2 (en
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Andreas Hadler
Erich Zeiher
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RWS GmbH
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RUAG Ammotec GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/34—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect expanding before or on impact, i.e. of dumdum or mushroom type

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a Clzerlegungsgeschoß according to the preamble of the first claim.
  • a projectile in particular for hunting purposes, in the target body depends essentially on its mass, its material properties and its structural design.
  • Known partial separation projectiles contain two cores as shell projectiles, whereby the projectile tip facing, so-called nose core consists of a softer and the rear core located in the rear of a harder lead alloy.
  • the shell shell and the softer nose core are mostly split up into fragments.
  • Lead and its alloys are considered to be environmentally unfriendly. Disassembled a projectile when hitting and penetrating into a target body, an animal remains depending on the projectile type a certain proportion of splinters in the carcass, while the exiting from the carcass residual body and other splinters get into the environment. Both in the carcass and in the environment they represent a burden due to their toxic properties.
  • the tail core causes the depth effect and should escape from the target body to form a reject hole.
  • hard hits such as the impact of the projectile on bone
  • the result is heavy mass losses of the projectile and not insignificant deformations or the total disassembly of the tail core. As a result, so much energy can be lost that a reject of the tail core from the target body is no longer possible.
  • a bullet which consists entirely of lead-free materials. It is a mantle projectile and consists of a soft nose cone and a tail core, the penetrator, whereby the nose of the penetrator and the stern of the nose cone collide in a flat surface. Due to its flat bow surface, the tail core exerts no controllable influence on the beating properties of the nose cone.
  • the object of the present invention is to introduce a partial separation projectile made of a lead-free material, which undergoes a rapid disassembly of the projectile jacket when hitting the target body and in which a committee with a defined residual size of the projectile is ensured.
  • the projectile which includes a jacket, a tail core as a penetrator and a bow core and optionally a projectile hood or a top, according to the invention consists of lead-free materials. Since lead and its alloys are considered to be toxic, in particular the interspersed with lead fragments tissue is considered to be restricted to edible. In contrast, according to the invention materials used for the projectile, such as plastic, and the metals copper, tin, zinc, iron, tungsten, titanium, silver, aluminum, tantalum, vanadium and possible alloys of the metals listed, are penetrating into the tissue splitter and the projectile residues that escape into nature are harmless and do not cause any toxic contamination of the fabric or the environment.
  • the projectile according to the invention advantageously achieves a multiple effect in the target body.
  • the rear-side arranged penetrator made of a harder material than the bow core causes a safe rejection even with increased resistance in the target body due to its low disassembly and consequent low loss of mass.
  • the fact that the shape of the bend of the penetrator and the shape of the stern of the nose cone are tuned to the desired decomposition properties of the nose core depending on the caliber, the impact velocity and the nature of the target body, a coordinated compression and wedging action on the bow core to his Decomposition exercised.
  • the disassembly of the nose core is done so that the splitter delivery is preferably in the vicinity of the Einschußkanals.
  • the forward side of the penetrator made of a harder material is the decisive tool that determines the process of disassembly of the nose cone. For this reason it is equipped with deformation and disassembly means.
  • the prong of the penetrator may have a conical tip centered about the center line of the projectile, with the cone angle of the deformation and disintegration means and the acute angle of the cone-shaped depression of the nose core, in which the tip of the penetrator engages, being matched.
  • a cone-shaped bow of the penetrator acts like a wedge on the bow core. The cone angle must be adjusted to the hardness of the material of the nose cone and the desired effect of the decomposition.
  • the angle is between about 30 ° and 90 °, preferably about 60 °.
  • the bow core is first subjected to severe deformation before it is torn into splinters due to the stress of the material beyond its yield strength.
  • the disintegration effect of the penetrator is further assisted by deformation, when the conical tip or the spherical shape of the deformation and disintegration means on the bow of the penetrator and mirror image of the respective depression on the rear of the nose core are surrounded by a circular ring surface, these surfaces perpendicular to the center line of the projectile.
  • the shape of the projectile tip has a significant influence on the flight characteristics and the penetration of the projectile into the target body and the decomposition behavior of the shell.
  • This top may be a bullet cover made of a thin, soft sheet metal or a solid top. A closed tip gives the projectile a lower velocity drop due to the more even flow of the flowlines.
  • the shape of the projectile tip also has an influence on the dismantling of the shell.
  • conditions are the same as in a punched bullet.
  • the coat will immediately tear in flags when hitting the target body. With a solid tip, the projectile will first penetrate into the target body and the disassembly of the shell is initiated by its strong deformation by the tip and the consequent exceeding of the yield strength of the material.
  • the projectile tip consists, like the Bugkem, of a soft material. It is advantageous if this projectile tip is made for example of a biodegradable plastic. The shaping of a plastic is simpler and cheaper compared to a production of a solid projectile tip made of metal. The remainder of the projectile tip remaining in the carcass or discharged into the landscape is biologically harmless.
  • the shape of the bow of the nose cone in turn has an influence on the penetration resistance in the target body. If the bow is a flat head, its decomposition is initiated with deformation, which increases the penetration resistance. If the bow is formed like a hollow point, for example through a funnel-shaped recess, possibly with an adjoining cavity, its decomposition is initiated by flag tearing, which promotes early fragmentation.
  • the projectile according to the invention has a shear edge.
  • a sharp edge ensures a clean shot in the ceiling of the game. This is not torn, but punched out at Einschuß.
  • the Einschußö réelle which is about the size of a caliber, therefore, ensures already at the time of entry that the wound provides sweat.
  • a sharp edge is preferably at the point where the diameter of the projectile no longer increases when viewed from the top.
  • the sharp edge sits at the transition point between the penetrator and the bow core.
  • the nose core substantially comprises the tapered portion of the projectile while the penetrator constitutes the cylindrical portion of the projectile.
  • the Scharfrand has the function of a Solbruchstelle of the shell in this projectile type. If the flags of the projectile shell break off at the latest at the Schaffrand, the penetrator is separated from the bow core.
  • the wall thickness of the jacket influences the bursting and the degree of chipping. Therefore, the wall thickness of the shell in the area of the penetrator decreases in the direction of the tapered part of the projectile.
  • the sharp edge is a wall thickness jump, that is, that the wall thickness in the region of the nose core is lower than in the area of the penetrator.
  • a weaker wall thickness favors the dismantling of the projectile shell into splinters.
  • a partial separation projectile 1 according to the invention is shown in half section on a greatly enlarged scale.
  • a bow core 3 and a rear core 4 is enclosed.
  • the tail core 4 is the penetrator and consists of a material that is harder than the bow core 3.
  • the bow core according to the invention consists of a lead or a lead alloy instead of one lead-free material, such as tin, zinc or alloys of these metals.
  • the penetrator for example, may consist of a copper alloy.
  • the projectile has a hollow point 5.
  • the opening 6 of the shell 2 can be closed by a projectile cap or a solid tip, as shown in the following figures 2 and 3.
  • the bow 7 of the nose cone 3 has a conical recess 8 with an adjoining cylindrical bore 9.
  • the bow shape of the bow core affects its deformation and disassembly behavior when hitting the target body.
  • the bow 13 of the penetrator 4 extends with its deformation and disassembly means, a conical tip 14, in the tail 11 of the bow core 3.
  • the bow 13 of the penetrator 4 forming conical tip 14 is enclosed by an annular surface 15.
  • This annular surface 15 is also supported on an annular surface 16, which forms the end face at the rear 11 of the bow core 3. It encloses a conical depression 17, which receives the conical tip 14 at the bow of the penetrator 4.
  • Both annular surfaces 15 and 16 are at right angles 18 on the center line 19 of the projectile. 1
  • the penetrator 4 Upon impact of the projectile 1 on a target body, the penetrator 4 exerts two effects on the softer nose core 3.
  • the annular surface 15 compresses the material of the nose cone 3, while the cone tip 14 penetrates like a wedge into the material and tears it.
  • the decomposition of the nose core 4 is initially under massive deformation of the material.
  • the cone angle 35 must be matched to the hardness of the material of the nose cone 3 and the desired effect of the decomposition. The harder the material and the greater the angle 35, the greater the willingness to break up into small fragments. For soft material and pointed Angle 35 outweighs breaking up into flags, mushrooming and breaking up into large slivers.
  • the cone angle 35 is therefore approximately between 30 ° and 90 °, preferably about 60 °.
  • a sharp edge 27 is arranged on the shell 2 on the circumference of the projectile 1.
  • the sharp edge 27 can be formed for example by pressing a bead 28 in the shell 2 of the projectile 1, whereby the soft material of the bow core 3 is compressed and in the shell 2, a sharp edge 27 is formed.
  • the Scharfrand causes when passing through the ceiling of the game a clean Einschußötechnisch sharply demarcated edge. -
  • the sharp edge 27 acts as a predetermined breaking point.
  • the flags of the splitting shell 2 tear off at the latest at this point.
  • the separation of nose cone 3 and penetrator 4 is further facilitated by the wall thickness of the jacket being reduced from the bullet tail 20 to the sharp edge 27.
  • the wall thickness of the shell 2, which surrounds the tapered part 10 of the projectile 1 extends approximately in the same, reduced wall thickness up to the opening 6 of the hollow tip 5.
  • FIGs 2 and 3 show two embodiments of the formation of the projectile nose 21.
  • the opening 6 of the shell 2 is closed to the hollow top 5 by a projectile cap 22.
  • Die Schottehaube 22 ist in der Zeichnungrion. It is in the present embodiment, a metal cap with a small wall thickness of a much softer metal than the shell 2.
  • the projectile cap 22 closes the opening 6 and thereby improves the aerodynamic properties of the projectile 1.
  • the projectile cap 22 When hitting a target body, the projectile cap 22 is easily deformed. It will act only insignificantly on the jacket 2, so that the deformation and the decomposition of the shell 2 is initiated only at its impact.
  • the opening 6 in the shell 2 is closed by a solid tip 23, at the conical body, a shaft 24 connects, which is inserted in the cylindrical bore 9 of the bow core 3.
  • a shaft 24 connects, which is inserted in the cylindrical bore 9 of the bow core 3.
  • Figures 4 and 5 show further embodiments of the shape of the bow 7 of the nose cone 3. These embodiments are also suitable to close the opening 6 of the shell 2 according to the embodiment of Figure 2 with a projectile cap 22.
  • a compression of the material is promoted, while the conical recess 26 in accordance with Figure 5 favors a direct tearing and thus mushrooming.
  • the cone angle 36 corresponds to the usual in hollow floors opening angle of the tip opening.
  • Figures 6, 7 and 8 show further embodiments for the design of the shape of the bow 13 of the penetrator 4 and the associated shape of the stern 11 bow core 3.
  • the bow 13 of the penetrator 4 as a deformation and separation means is a cone-shaped Tip 29, which exerts a strong wedge effect on the nose cone 3.
  • This tip 29 is, as in Figure 1, received by a correspondingly shaped recess 30 in the rear 11 of the nose cone 3.
  • the cone angle 35 must also be tuned here to the hardness of the material of the nose cone 3 and the desired effect of the decomposition. The harder the material and the greater the angle 35, the greater the willingness to break up into small fragments. With a soft material and an acute angle 35 breaking up into flags, mushrooming and breaking into large fragments is more important.
  • the cone angle 35 is therefore also between about 30 ° and 90 °, preferably at about 60 ° (?).
  • Figure 8 shows an embodiment with a bell-shaped tip 33 as a bow 13 of the penetrator 4. It is a tip with a combined compression and splitting effect, which extends into a correspondingly shaped recess 34 of the bow core 3.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Vibration Dampers (AREA)
  • Particle Accelerators (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
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  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
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Abstract

The effect of a projectile (1), especially for the purpose of hunting, in the target body essentially depends upon the mass, the material characteristics and the construction thereof. Known partial fragmentation projectiles contain two cores (3, 4) as jacket projectiles. The nose core which faces the top of the projectile consists of a softer lead alloy and the tail core being the projector which is situated in the tail consists of a harder lead alloy. Lead and the alloys thereof are considered as being non-environmentally friendly. The toxic characteristics of the splinters remaining in the body of the animal and of the remaining components pertaining to the projectiles are a burden, whereby said remaining components are ejected into the environment. According to the invention, all the components (2, 3, 4, 22, 23) of the projectile (1) consist of lead-free materials. Moreover, the penetrator (4) is provided with deformation and fragmentation means (14, 29, 31, 33) which are embodied in a conical, crowned or bell-shaped manner and influence the mushrooming and fragmentation of the nose core (3).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Teilzerlegungsgeschoß entsprechend dem Oberbegriff des ersten Anspruchs.The invention relates to a Teilzerlegungsgeschoß according to the preamble of the first claim.

Die Wirkung eines Geschosses, insbesondere für Jagdzwecke, im Zielkörper hängt im wesentlichen ab von seiner Masse, seinen Werkstoffeigenschaften und seinem konstruktiven Aufbau. Bekannte Teilzerlegungsgeschosse enthalten als Mantelgeschosse zwei Kerne, wobei der der Geschoßspitze zugekehrte, sogenannte Bugkern aus einer weicheren und der im Heck befindliche Heckkern aus einer härteren Bleilegierung besteht. Beim Auftreffen auf und Eindringen in den Zielkörper werden überwiegend der Geschoßmantel und der weichere Bugkern in Splitter zerlegt.The effect of a projectile, in particular for hunting purposes, in the target body depends essentially on its mass, its material properties and its structural design. Known partial separation projectiles contain two cores as shell projectiles, whereby the projectile tip facing, so-called nose core consists of a softer and the rear core located in the rear of a harder lead alloy. When hitting and penetrating into the target body, the shell shell and the softer nose core are mostly split up into fragments.

Blei und seine Legierungen werden als nicht umweltverträglich angesehen. Zerlegt sich ein Geschoß beim Auftreffen auf und beim Eindringen in einen Zielkörper, ein Tier, verbleibt je nach Geschoßtyp ein bestimmter Anteil von Splittern im Tierkörper, während der aus dem Tierkörper austretende Restkörper und weitere Splitter in die Umwelt gelangen. Sowohl im Tierkörper als auch in der Umwelt stellen sie aufgrund ihrer toxischen Eigenschaften eine Belastung dar.Lead and its alloys are considered to be environmentally unfriendly. Disassembled a projectile when hitting and penetrating into a target body, an animal remains depending on the projectile type a certain proportion of splinters in the carcass, while the exiting from the carcass residual body and other splinters get into the environment. Both in the carcass and in the environment they represent a burden due to their toxic properties.

Der Heckkern verursacht die Tiefenwirkung und soll unter Bildung eines Ausschußlochs aus dem Zielkörper austreten. Bei sogenannten harten Treffern, beispielsweise beim Auftreffen des Geschosses auf Knochen, reißt der Geschoßmantel unter Umständen über die Trennlinie der beiden Bleikerne hinaus auf. Dies führt in der Regel zu einer totalen Zerlegung des Bugkerns sowie zu einer starken Zersplitterung des Geschoßmantels. Die Folge sind starke Masseverluste des Geschosses und nicht unwesentliche Verformungen oder die totale Zerlegung des Heckkerns. Dadurch kann so viel Energie verloren gehen, daß ein Ausschuß des Heckkerns aus dem Zielkörper nicht mehr möglich ist.The tail core causes the depth effect and should escape from the target body to form a reject hole. In so-called hard hits, such as the impact of the projectile on bone, the projectile shell tears under circumstances beyond the dividing line of the two lead cores out. This usually leads to a total disassembly of the bow core and to a strong fragmentation of the projectile shell. The result is heavy mass losses of the projectile and not insignificant deformations or the total disassembly of the tail core. As a result, so much energy can be lost that a reject of the tail core from the target body is no longer possible.

Aus der WO 97/20185 A1 ist ein Geschoss bekannt, das vollständig aus bleifreien Werkstoffen besteht. Es ist ein Mantelgeschoss und besteht aus einem weichen Bugkern und einem Heckkern, dem Penetrator, wobei der Bug des Penetrators und das Heck des Bugkerns in einer ebenen Fläche aneinanderstoßen. Aufgrund seiner ebenen Bugfläche übt der Heckkern keinen steuerbaren Einfluss auf die Zenegungseigenschaften des Bugkerns aus.From WO 97/20185 A1 a bullet is known, which consists entirely of lead-free materials. It is a mantle projectile and consists of a soft nose cone and a tail core, the penetrator, whereby the nose of the penetrator and the stern of the nose cone collide in a flat surface. Due to its flat bow surface, the tail core exerts no controllable influence on the beating properties of the nose cone.

Aus der US 4,136,616 A sind Geschosse für die Jagd und für Handfeuerwaffen bekannt, darunter Ausführungsbeispiele mit zwei hintereinanderliegenden Geschosskernen, die aus einem weichen Werkstoff, beispielsweise Blei, bestehen. Der Bugkern und der Heckkern sind bis auf ihr jeweiliges, der Schussrichtung abgewandten Ende, von=einem Mantel aus einem harten Werkstoff umhüllt Der im Frontbereich des Heckkerns liegende Mantel läuft spitz zu und dringt in den Bugkern ein. Die Spitze des Mantels beeinflusst das Zerlegungsverhalten des Bugkerns.From US 4,136,616 A projectiles for hunting and small arms are known, including embodiments with two successive projectile cores, which consist of a soft material, such as lead. The bow core and the stern core are up to their respective end facing away from the firing direction, enveloped by = a coat made of a hard material in the front of the tail core jacket runs to a point and penetrates into the bow core. The tip of the jacket influences the decomposition behavior of the nose cone.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, ein Teilzerlegungsgeschoß aus einem bleifreien Werkstoff vorzustellen, das beim Auftreffen auf den Zielkörper eine schnelle Zerlegung des Geschoßmantels erfährt und bei dem ein Ausschuß mit einer definierten Restgröße des Geschosses sichergestellt ist.The object of the present invention is to introduce a partial separation projectile made of a lead-free material, which undergoes a rapid disassembly of the projectile jacket when hitting the target body and in which a committee with a defined residual size of the projectile is ensured.

Die Lösung der Aufgabe erfolgt mit Hilfe der kennzeichnenden Merkmale des ersten Anspruchs. Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung werden in den Unteransprüchen beansprucht.The object is achieved by means of the characterizing features of the first claim. Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are claimed in the subclaims.

Das Geschoß, das einen Mantel, einen Heckkern als Penetrator und einen Bugkern sowie gegebenenfalls eine Geschoßhaube oder eine Spitze umfaßt, besteht erfindungsgemäß aus bleifreien Werkstoffen. Da Blei und seine Legierungen als toxisch angesehen werden, wird insbesondere das mit Bleisplittern durchsetzte Gewebe nur eingeschränkt als genießbar erachtet. Werden dagegen erfindungsgemäß Werkstoffe für das Geschoß verwendet, wie beispielsweise Kunststoff, und die Metalle Kupfer, Zinn, Zink, Eisen, Wolfram, Titan, Silber, Aluminium, Tantal, Vanadium sowie mögliche Legierungen der aufgeführten Metalle, sind die in das Gewebe eindringenden Splitter sowie die in die Natur austretenden Geschoßreste unbedenklich und verursachen keine toxische Kontamination des Gewebes beziehungsweise der Umwelt.The projectile, which includes a jacket, a tail core as a penetrator and a bow core and optionally a projectile hood or a top, according to the invention consists of lead-free materials. Since lead and its alloys are considered to be toxic, in particular the interspersed with lead fragments tissue is considered to be restricted to edible. In contrast, according to the invention materials used for the projectile, such as plastic, and the metals copper, tin, zinc, iron, tungsten, titanium, silver, aluminum, tantalum, vanadium and possible alloys of the metals listed, are penetrating into the tissue splitter and the projectile residues that escape into nature are harmless and do not cause any toxic contamination of the fabric or the environment.

Das erfindungsgemäße Geschoß erzielt aufgrund seines konstruktiven Aufbaus vorteilhaft eine Mehrfachwirkung im Zielkörper. Der heckseitig angeordnete Penetrator aus einem härteren Werkstoff als der Bugkern bewirkt auch bei erhöhtem Widerstand im Zielkörper aufgrund seiner geringen Zerlegung und des dadurch bedingten geringen Masseverlustes einen sicheren Ausschuß. Dadurch, daß die Formgebung des Bugs des Penetrators und die Formgebung des Hecks des Bugkerns auf die gewünschten Zerlegungseigenschaften des Bugkerns in Abhängigkeit vom Kaliber, der Auftreffgeschwindigkeit und der Beschaffenheit des Zielkörpers abgestimmt sind, wird eine aufeinander abgestimmte Stauch- und Keilwirkung auf den Bugkern zu seiner Zerlegung ausgeübt. Bereits beim Eindringen in den Zielkörper erfolgt die Zerlegung des Bugkerns so, daß die Splitterabgabe vorzugsweise im Nahbereich des Einschußkanals erfolgt. Durch die Verwendung eines leicht verformbaren Werkstoffs wie beispielsweise Zinn oder Zink oder deren Legierungen wird die Zerlegungsbereitschaft unterstützt. Dadurch wird die Aufgabe des Bugkerns erfüllt, durch Abgabe von Splittern in den Zielkörper eine zerstörende Wirkung sowie eine Schockwirkung zu erzielen.Due to its structural design, the projectile according to the invention advantageously achieves a multiple effect in the target body. The rear-side arranged penetrator made of a harder material than the bow core causes a safe rejection even with increased resistance in the target body due to its low disassembly and consequent low loss of mass. The fact that the shape of the bend of the penetrator and the shape of the stern of the nose cone are tuned to the desired decomposition properties of the nose core depending on the caliber, the impact velocity and the nature of the target body, a coordinated compression and wedging action on the bow core to his Decomposition exercised. Already when entering the target body the disassembly of the nose core is done so that the splitter delivery is preferably in the vicinity of the Einschußkanals. The use of an easily deformable material such as tin or zinc or their alloys, the Zerlegungsbereitschaft is supported. As a result, the task of the bow core is met, by delivering splinters in the target body to achieve a destructive effect and a shock effect.

Die Bugseite des aus einem härteren Werkstoff bestehenden Penetrators ist das maßgebliche Werkzeug, das den Ablauf der Zerlegung des Bugkerns bestimmt. Aus diesem Grund ist es mit Deformations- und Zerlegungsmitteln ausgestattet. Der Bug des Penetrators kann eine kegelförmige Spitze zentrisch zur Mittellinie des Geschosses aufweisen, wobei der Kegelwinkel des Deformations- und Zerlegungsmittels und der spitze Winkel der kegelförmigen Vertiefung des Bugkerns, in die die Spitze des Penetrators eingreift, aufeinander abgestimmt sind. Ein kegelförmiger Bug des Penetrators wirkt wie ein Keil auf den Bugkern. Der Kegelwinkel muß auf die Härte des Werkstoffs des Bugkerns und die erwünschte Wirkung der Zerlegung abgestimmt werden. Je härter der Werkstoff und je größer der Winkel, desto stärker ist die Bereitschaft zur Zerlegung in kleine Splitter. Bei weichem Werkstoff und spitzem Winkel überwiegt das Aufbrechen in Fahnen, das Aufpilzen und das Zerlegen in große Splitter. Der Winkel liegt zwischen etwa 30° und 90°, vorzugsweise bei etwa 60°.The forward side of the penetrator made of a harder material is the decisive tool that determines the process of disassembly of the nose cone. For this reason it is equipped with deformation and disassembly means. The prong of the penetrator may have a conical tip centered about the center line of the projectile, with the cone angle of the deformation and disintegration means and the acute angle of the cone-shaped depression of the nose core, in which the tip of the penetrator engages, being matched. A cone-shaped bow of the penetrator acts like a wedge on the bow core. The cone angle must be adjusted to the hardness of the material of the nose cone and the desired effect of the decomposition. The harder the material and the larger the angle, the greater the willingness to break it up into small fragments. For soft material and acute angle breaking into flags, mushrooming and breaking into large fragments outweighs. The angle is between about 30 ° and 90 °, preferably about 60 °.

Weist der Bug des Penetrators eine ballige Form auf, wird der Bugkern zunächst einer starken Verformung unterworfen, bevor er aufgrund der Beanspruchung des Werkstoffs über die Streckgrenze hinaus in Splitter zerrissen wird.If the bow of the penetrator has a crowned shape, the bow core is first subjected to severe deformation before it is torn into splinters due to the stress of the material beyond its yield strength.

Die Zerlegungswirkung des Penetrators wird zusätzlich durch Deformation unterstützt, wenn die kegelförmige Spitze oder die ballig Form des Deformations- und Zerlegungsmittels auf dem Bug des Penetrators und spiegelbildlich die jeweilige Vertiefung auf dem Heck des Bugkerns von einer Kreisringfläche umgeben sind, wobei diese Flächen senkrecht zur Mittellinie des Geschosses stehen.The disintegration effect of the penetrator is further assisted by deformation, when the conical tip or the spherical shape of the deformation and disintegration means on the bow of the penetrator and mirror image of the respective depression on the rear of the nose core are surrounded by a circular ring surface, these surfaces perpendicular to the center line of the projectile.

Die Form der Geschoßspitze hat einen wesentlichen Einfluß auf die Flugeigenschaften sowie auf das Eindringverhalten des Geschosses in den Zielkörper und das Zerlegungsverhalten des Mantels.The shape of the projectile tip has a significant influence on the flight characteristics and the penetration of the projectile into the target body and the decomposition behavior of the shell.

Liegt vor dem Bugkern ein vom Mantel des Geschosses umschlossener Raum und ist die Spitze des Mantels nicht geschlossen, sind die Flugeigenschaften des Geschosses nicht so günstig, als wenn die Öffnung im Mantel durch eine Spitze verschlossen ist. Diese Spitze kann eine Geschoßhaube aus einem dünnen, weichen Blech sein oder eine massive Spitze. Eine geschlossene Spitze verleiht dem Geschoß einen geringeren Geschwindigkeitsabfall aufgrund des gleichmäßigeren Verlaufs der Strömungslinien.If a space enclosed by the shell of the projectile lies in front of the bow core and the tip of the shell is not closed, the flight characteristics of the projectile are not as favorable as if the opening in the shell is closed by a point. This top may be a bullet cover made of a thin, soft sheet metal or a solid top. A closed tip gives the projectile a lower velocity drop due to the more even flow of the flowlines.

Die Form der Geschoßspitze hat weiterhin einen Einfluß auf die Zerlegung des Mantels. Bei einer offenen Spitze oder einer Geschoßhaube aus einem weichen Blech liegen Verhältnisse wie bei einem Lochgeschoß vor. Der Mantel wird beim Auftreffen auf den Zielkörper sofort in Fahnen aufreißen. Bei einer massiven Spitze wird das Geschoß zunächst in den Zielkörper eindringen und die Zerlegung des Mantels wird durch seine starke Deformation durch die Spitze und die dadurch bedingte Überschreitung der Streckgrenze des Werkstoffs eingeleitet.The shape of the projectile tip also has an influence on the dismantling of the shell. In the case of an open tip or a projectile hood made of a soft sheet, conditions are the same as in a punched bullet. The coat will immediately tear in flags when hitting the target body. With a solid tip, the projectile will first penetrate into the target body and the disassembly of the shell is initiated by its strong deformation by the tip and the consequent exceeding of the yield strength of the material.

Die Geschoßspitze besteht, wie der Bugkem, aus einem weichen Werkstoff. Vorteilhaft ist es, wenn diese Geschoßspitze beispielsweise aus einem biologisch abbaubaren Kunststoff hergestellt wird. Die Formgebung eines Kunststoffs ist einfacher und billiger gegenüber einer Herstellung einer massiven Geschoßspitze aus Metall. Der im Tierkörper verbleibende oder in die Landschaft abgegebene Rest der Geschoßspitze ist biologisch unbedenklich.The projectile tip consists, like the Bugkem, of a soft material. It is advantageous if this projectile tip is made for example of a biodegradable plastic. The shaping of a plastic is simpler and cheaper compared to a production of a solid projectile tip made of metal. The remainder of the projectile tip remaining in the carcass or discharged into the landscape is biologically harmless.

Die Gestalt des Bugs des Bugkerns wiederum hat Einfluß auf den Eindringwiderstand im Zielkörper. Ist der Bug ein Flachkopf, wird seine Zerlegung mit Deformation eingeleitet, was den Eindringwiderstand erhöht. Ist der Bug wie eine Hohlspitze ausgebildet, beispielsweise durch eine trichterförmige Vertiefung, gegebenenfalls mit einem sich daran anschließenden Hohlraum, wird seine Zerlegung durch fahnenförmiges Aufreißen eingeleitet, was eine frühzeitige Splitterbildung begünstigt.The shape of the bow of the nose cone in turn has an influence on the penetration resistance in the target body. If the bow is a flat head, its decomposition is initiated with deformation, which increases the penetration resistance. If the bow is formed like a hollow point, for example through a funnel-shaped recess, possibly with an adjoining cavity, its decomposition is initiated by flag tearing, which promotes early fragmentation.

Das erfindungsgemäße Geschoß weist einen_Scharfrand auf. Ein Scharfrand sorgt für einen sauberen Einschuß in die Decke des Wildes. Diese wird nicht zerrissen, sondern beim Einschuß ausgestanzt. Die Einschußöffnung, die etwa kalibergroß ist, sorgt daher schon beim Einschuß dafür, daß die Wunde Schweiß liefert.The projectile according to the invention has a shear edge. A sharp edge ensures a clean shot in the ceiling of the game. This is not torn, but punched out at Einschuß. The Einschußöffnung, which is about the size of a caliber, therefore, ensures already at the time of entry that the wound provides sweat.

Ein Scharfrand liegt vorzugsweise an der Stelle, ab der der Durchmesser des Geschosses von der Spitze aus gesehen nicht mehr zunimmt. Beim erfindungsgemäßen Geschoß sitzt der Scharfrand an der Übergangsstelle zwischen Penetrator und Bugkern. Der Bugkern umfaßt im wesentlichen den sich verjüngenden Teil des Geschosses, während der Penetrator den zylindrischen Teil des Geschosses ausmacht. Der Scharfrand hat bei diesem Geschoßtyp die Funktion einer Solbruchstelle des Mantels. Wenn die Fahnen des Geschoßmantels spätestens am Scharfrand abbrechen, wird der Penetrator vom Bugkern getrennt.A sharp edge is preferably at the point where the diameter of the projectile no longer increases when viewed from the top. In the projectile according to the invention, the sharp edge sits at the transition point between the penetrator and the bow core. The nose core substantially comprises the tapered portion of the projectile while the penetrator constitutes the cylindrical portion of the projectile. The Scharfrand has the function of a Solbruchstelle of the shell in this projectile type. If the flags of the projectile shell break off at the latest at the Schaffrand, the penetrator is separated from the bow core.

Die Wandstärke des Gesc*hoßmantels beeinflußt das Aufplatzen und den Grad der Absplitterung. Deshalb nimmt die Wandstärke des Mantels im Bereich des Penetrators in Richtung des sich verjüngenden Teils des Geschosses ab. Am Scharfrand erfolgt ein Wandstärkesprung, d.h., daß die Wandstärke im Bereich des Bugkerns geringer ist als im Bereich des Penetrators. Eine schwächere Wandstärke begünstigt die Zerlegung des Geschoßmantels in Splitter.The wall thickness of the jacket influences the bursting and the degree of chipping. Therefore, the wall thickness of the shell in the area of the penetrator decreases in the direction of the tapered part of the projectile. The sharp edge is a wall thickness jump, that is, that the wall thickness in the region of the nose core is lower than in the area of the penetrator. A weaker wall thickness favors the dismantling of the projectile shell into splinters.

Anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen wird die Erfindung näher erläutert.Reference to exemplary embodiments, the invention is explained in detail.

Es zeigen:

Figur 1
ein erfindungsgemäßes Teilzerlegungsgeschoß mit Penetrator im Geschoßbug, hier mit einem kegelförmigen Bug des Penetrators, wobei der Kegel als das Deformations- und Zerlegungsmittel und die kegelförmige Vertiefung im Heck des Bugkerns jeweils von einer Ringfläche umgeben sind,
Figur 2
eine Geschoßspitze als Hohlspitze, die von einer Metallkappe verschlossen wird,
Figur 3
eine Geschoßspitze als Hohlspitze, die von einer massiven Spitze verschlossen wird,
Figur 4
Ausführungsbeispiel für die Bugform des Bugkerns, hier mit einem flachen Bug,
Figur 5
mit einer kegelförmigen Vertiefung im Bug und
Figur 6
ein Ausführungsbeispiel für die Bugform des Penetrators und der zugehörigen Heckform des Bugkerns, hier mit einem kegelförmigen Bug des Penetrators,
Figur 7
eine Zusammenstellung eines Penetrators mit einem balligen Bug und einem Bugkern mit einer muldenförmigen Vertiefung im Heck und
Figur 8
einen Penetrator mit einem Bug mit glockenförmiger Spitze und einen Bugkern mit entsprechend geformter Ausnehmung im Heck.
Show it:
FIG. 1
an inventive Teilzerlegungsgeschoß with penetrator in Geschoßbug, here with a conical nose of the penetrator, wherein the cone as the deformation and disassembly means and the conical recess in the rear of the nose core are each surrounded by an annular surface,
FIG. 2
a projectile tip as a hollow point, which is closed by a metal cap,
FIG. 3
a projectile tip as a hollow point, which is closed by a massive tip,
FIG. 4
Exemplary embodiment of the bow shape of the bow core, here with a flat bow,
FIG. 5
with a conical depression in the bow and
FIG. 6
an embodiment of the bow shape of the penetrator and the associated stern shape of the nose cone, here with a conical nose of the penetrator,
FIG. 7
a compilation of a penetrator with a crowned bow and a bow core with a trough-shaped depression in the rear and
FIG. 8
a penetrator with a bow with a bell-shaped tip and a nose cone with a correspondingly shaped recess in the rear.

In Figur 1 ist in stark vergrößertem Maßstab ein erfindungsgemäßes Teilzerlegungsgeschoß 1 im Halbschnitt dargestellt. Von einem Geschoßmantel 2 wird ein Bugkern 3 sowie ein Heckkern 4 umschlossen. Der Heckkern 4 ist der Penetrator und besteht aus einem Werkstoff, der härter ist als der Bugkern 3. Der Bugkern besteht erfindungsgemäß statt aus Blei oder einer Bleilegierung aus einem bleifreien Werkstoff, beispielsweise aus Zinn, Zink oder Legierungen dieser Metalle. Der Penetrator beispielsweise kann aus einer Kupferlegierung bestehen.In Figure 1, a partial separation projectile 1 according to the invention is shown in half section on a greatly enlarged scale. From a projectile casing 2, a bow core 3 and a rear core 4 is enclosed. The tail core 4 is the penetrator and consists of a material that is harder than the bow core 3. The bow core according to the invention consists of a lead or a lead alloy instead of one lead-free material, such as tin, zinc or alloys of these metals. The penetrator, for example, may consist of a copper alloy.

Das Geschoß weist eine Hohlspitze 5 auf. Die Öffnung 6 des Mantels 2 kann durch eine Geschoßhaube oder eine massive Spitze verschlossen werden, wie es in den nachfolgenden Figuren 2 und 3 dargestellt ist.The projectile has a hollow point 5. The opening 6 of the shell 2 can be closed by a projectile cap or a solid tip, as shown in the following figures 2 and 3.

Der Bug 7 des Bugkerns 3 weist eine kegelförmige Vertiefung 8 mit einer sich daran anschließenden zylindrischen Bohrung 9 auf. Wie bereits zuvor erläutert wurde, beeinflußt die Bugform des Bugkerns sein Verformungs- und sein Zerlegungsverhalten beim Auftreffen auf den Zielkörper.The bow 7 of the nose cone 3 has a conical recess 8 with an adjoining cylindrical bore 9. As previously explained, the bow shape of the bow core affects its deformation and disassembly behavior when hitting the target body.

Der Bugkern 3 bildet im wesentlichen den sich verjüngenden Teil 10 des Geschosses 1. Im Übergangsbereich vom sich verjüngendem Teil 10 des Geschosses 1 zu seinem zylindrischen Teil 12 reicht der Bug 13 des Penetrators 4 mit seinem Deformations- und Zerlegungsmittel, einer kegelförmigen Spitze 14, in das Heck 11 des Bugkerns 3. Im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel wird die den Bug 13 des Penetrators 4 bildende kegelförmige Spitze 14 von einer Ringfläche 15 umschlossen. Diese Ringfläche 15 stützt sich ebenfalls auf eine Ringfläche 16 ab, die die Stirnfläche am Heck 11 des Bugkerns 3 bildet. Sie umschließt eine kegelförmige Vertiefung 17, die die kegelförmige Spitze 14 am Bug des Penetrators 4 aufnimmt. Beide Ringflächen 15 und 16 stehen im rechten Winkel 18 auf der Mittellinie 19 des Geschosses 1.In the transition region from the tapered portion 10 of the projectile 1 to its cylindrical portion 12, the bow 13 of the penetrator 4 extends with its deformation and disassembly means, a conical tip 14, in the tail 11 of the bow core 3. In the present embodiment, the bow 13 of the penetrator 4 forming conical tip 14 is enclosed by an annular surface 15. This annular surface 15 is also supported on an annular surface 16, which forms the end face at the rear 11 of the bow core 3. It encloses a conical depression 17, which receives the conical tip 14 at the bow of the penetrator 4. Both annular surfaces 15 and 16 are at right angles 18 on the center line 19 of the projectile. 1

Beim Aufprall des Geschosses 1 auf einen Zielkörper übt der Penetrator 4 zwei Wirkungen auf den weicheren Bugkern 3 aus. Die Ringfläche 15 staucht den Werkstoff des Bugkerns 3, während die Kegelspitze 14 wie ein Keil in den Werkstoff eindringt und ihn zerreißt. Die Zerlegung des Bugkerns 4 erfolgt zunächst unter massiver Verformung des Werkstoffs. Der Kegelwinkel 35 muß auf die Härte des Werkstoffs des Bugkerns 3 und die gewünschte Wirkung der Zerlegung abgestimmt werden. Je härter der Werkstoff und je größer der Winkel 35, desto stärker ist die Bereitschaft zur Zerlegung in kleine Splitter. Bei weichem Werkstoff und spitzem Winkel 35 überwiegt das Aufbrechen in Fahnen, das Aufpilzen und das Zerlegen in große Splitter. Der Kegelwinkel 35 liegt deshalb etwa zwischen 30° und 90°, vorzugsweise bei etwa 60°.Upon impact of the projectile 1 on a target body, the penetrator 4 exerts two effects on the softer nose core 3. The annular surface 15 compresses the material of the nose cone 3, while the cone tip 14 penetrates like a wedge into the material and tears it. The decomposition of the nose core 4 is initially under massive deformation of the material. The cone angle 35 must be matched to the hardness of the material of the nose cone 3 and the desired effect of the decomposition. The harder the material and the greater the angle 35, the greater the willingness to break up into small fragments. For soft material and pointed Angle 35 outweighs breaking up into flags, mushrooming and breaking up into large slivers. The cone angle 35 is therefore approximately between 30 ° and 90 °, preferably about 60 °.

Etwa an der Stelle, wo die Spitze des Kegels 14 des Penetrators 4 im Bugkern 3 endet, ist auf dem Umfang des Geschosses 1 ein Scharfrand 27 auf dem Mantel 2 angeordnet. Der Scharfrand 27 kann beispielsweise durch Eindrücken einer Sicke 28 in den Mantel 2 des Geschosses 1 gebildet werden, wodurch der weiche Werkstoff des Bugkerns 3 zusammengestaucht wird und im Mantel 2 eine scharfe Kante 27 entsteht. Der Scharfrand bewirkt beim Durchtritt durch die Decke des Wildes eine saubere Einschußöffnung mit scharf abgegrenztem Rand. -Approximately at the point where the tip of the cone 14 of the penetrator 4 ends in the bow core 3, a sharp edge 27 is arranged on the shell 2 on the circumference of the projectile 1. The sharp edge 27 can be formed for example by pressing a bead 28 in the shell 2 of the projectile 1, whereby the soft material of the bow core 3 is compressed and in the shell 2, a sharp edge 27 is formed. The Scharfrand causes when passing through the ceiling of the game a clean Einschußöffnung sharply demarcated edge. -

Durch die Sicke 28, mit der der Scharfrand 27 gebildet wird, ist die Zerlegung des Geschosses 1 in den Bugkern 3 sowie den Penetrator 4 vorgegeben. Beim Aufreißen des Geschoßmantels 2 wirkt der Scharfrand 27 wie eine Sollbruchstelle. Die Fahnen des sich in Splitter zerlegenden Mantels 2 reißen spätestens an dieser Stelle ab. Erleichtert wird die Trennung von Bugkern 3 und Penetrator 4 weiterhin dadurch, daß sich die Wandstärke des Mantels vom Geschoßheck 20 bis zum Scharfrand 27 hin verringert. Die Wandstärke des Mantels 2, die den sich verjüngenden Teil 10 des Geschosses 1 umgibt, zieht sich in etwa in der gleichen, verminderten Wandstärke bis zur Öffnung 6 der Hohlspitze 5 hin.By the bead 28, with the sharp edge 27 is formed, the decomposition of the projectile 1 in the bow core 3 and the penetrator 4 is given. When tearing open the projectile casing 2, the sharp edge 27 acts as a predetermined breaking point. The flags of the splitting shell 2 tear off at the latest at this point. The separation of nose cone 3 and penetrator 4 is further facilitated by the wall thickness of the jacket being reduced from the bullet tail 20 to the sharp edge 27. The wall thickness of the shell 2, which surrounds the tapered part 10 of the projectile 1, extends approximately in the same, reduced wall thickness up to the opening 6 of the hollow tip 5.

Die Figuren 2 und 3 zeigen zwei Ausführungsbeispiele für die Ausbildung der Geschoßspitze 21. In Figur 2 ist die Öffnung 6 des Mantels 2 zur Hohlspitze 5 durch eine Geschoßhaube 22 verschlossen. Es ist im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel eine Metallkappe mit geringer Wandstärke aus einem wesentlich weicheren Metall als der Mantel 2. Die Geschoßhaube 22 verschließt die Öffnung 6 und verbessert dadurch die aerodynamischen Eigenschaften des Geschosses 1. Bei Auftreffen auf einen Zielkörper wird sich die Geschoßhaube 22 leicht verformen. Sie wird auf dem Mantel 2 nur unwesentlich einwirken, so daß die Deformation und die Zerlegung des Mantels 2 erst bei seinem Aufprall eingeleitet wird.Figures 2 and 3 show two embodiments of the formation of the projectile nose 21. In Figure 2, the opening 6 of the shell 2 is closed to the hollow top 5 by a projectile cap 22. Die Schottehaube 22 ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt. It is in the present embodiment, a metal cap with a small wall thickness of a much softer metal than the shell 2. The projectile cap 22 closes the opening 6 and thereby improves the aerodynamic properties of the projectile 1. When hitting a target body, the projectile cap 22 is easily deformed. It will act only insignificantly on the jacket 2, so that the deformation and the decomposition of the shell 2 is initiated only at its impact.

In der Figur 3 ist die Öffnung 6 im Mantel 2 durch eine massive Spitze 23 verschlossen, an deren kegelförmigen Körper sich ein Schaft 24 anschließt, der in der zylindrischen Bohrung 9 des Bugkerns 3 steckt. Beim Aufprall der massiven Spitze 23 wird diese zunächst wenig verformt und deshalb in den Zielkörper eindringen, bevor der sich aufbauende Druck so groß wird, daß eine Zerlegung des Mantels 2 durch das Zurückdrängen der Spitze 23 erfolgt und der Bugkern 3 gestaucht wird.In the figure 3, the opening 6 in the shell 2 is closed by a solid tip 23, at the conical body, a shaft 24 connects, which is inserted in the cylindrical bore 9 of the bow core 3. Upon impact of the massive tip 23, this is initially little deformed and therefore penetrate into the target body before the pressure building up is so great that a decomposition of the shell 2 is carried out by the pushing back of the top 23 and the nose core 3 is compressed.

Die Figuren 4 und 5 zeigen weitere Ausführungsbeispiele für die Form des Bugs 7 des Bugkerns 3. Diese Ausführungsbeispiele eignen sich ebenfalls dazu, um die Öffnung 6 des Mantels 2 entsprechend dem Ausführungsbeispiel nach Figur 2 mit einer Geschoßhaube 22 zu verschließen. Beim Auftreffen der flachen Stirnfläche 25 des Bugkerns 3 nach Figur 4 auf einen Zielkörper wird eine Stauchung des Werkstoffs gefördert, während die kegelförmige Vertiefung 26 entsprechend Figur 5 ein direktes Aufreißen und damit Aufpilzen begünstigt. Der Kegelwinkel 36 entspricht den bei Hohlgeschossen üblichen Öffnungswinkel der Spitzenöffnung.Figures 4 and 5 show further embodiments of the shape of the bow 7 of the nose cone 3. These embodiments are also suitable to close the opening 6 of the shell 2 according to the embodiment of Figure 2 with a projectile cap 22. Upon impact of the flat end face 25 of the nose cone 3 of Figure 4 on a target body, a compression of the material is promoted, while the conical recess 26 in accordance with Figure 5 favors a direct tearing and thus mushrooming. The cone angle 36 corresponds to the usual in hollow floors opening angle of the tip opening.

Die Figuren 6, 7 und 8 zeigen weitere Ausführungsbeispiele für die Gestaltung der Form des Bugs 13 des Penetrators 4 und der zugehörigen Form des Hecks 11 Bugkerns 3. Beim Ausführungsbeispiel nach Figur 6 ist der Bug 13 des Penetrators 4 als Deformations- und Zerlegungsmittel eine kegelförmige Spitze 29, die eine starke Keilwirkung auf den Bugkern 3 ausübt. Diese Spitze 29 wird, wie in Figur 1, durch eine entsprechend geformte Vertiefung 30 im Heck 11 des Bugkerns 3 aufgenommen. Der Kegelwinkel 35 muß auch hier auf die Härte des Werkstoffs des Bugkerns 3 und die gewünschte Wirkung der Zerlegung abgestimmt werde. Je härter der Werkstoff und je größer der Winkel 35, desto stärker ist die Bereitschaft zur Zerlegung in kleine Splitter. Bei weichem Werkstoff und spitzen Winkel 35 überwiegt das Aufbrechen in Fahnen, das Aufpilzen und das Zerlegen in große Splitter. Der Kegelwinkel 35 liegt deshalb auch hier etwa zwischen 30° und 90°, vorzugsweise bei etwa 60° (?).Figures 6, 7 and 8 show further embodiments for the design of the shape of the bow 13 of the penetrator 4 and the associated shape of the stern 11 bow core 3. In the embodiment of Figure 6, the bow 13 of the penetrator 4 as a deformation and separation means is a cone-shaped Tip 29, which exerts a strong wedge effect on the nose cone 3. This tip 29 is, as in Figure 1, received by a correspondingly shaped recess 30 in the rear 11 of the nose cone 3. The cone angle 35 must also be tuned here to the hardness of the material of the nose cone 3 and the desired effect of the decomposition. The harder the material and the greater the angle 35, the greater the willingness to break up into small fragments. With a soft material and an acute angle 35 breaking up into flags, mushrooming and breaking into large fragments is more important. The cone angle 35 is therefore also between about 30 ° and 90 °, preferably at about 60 ° (?).

Eine noch stärkere Stauchwirkung auf den Bugkern 3 wird dann erreicht, wenn der Bug 13 des Penetrators 4 nach Figur 7 als Deformations- und Zerlegungsmittel eine ballige Form 31 aufweist. Diese fügt sich in eine muldenförmige Vertiefung 32 des Bugkerns 3. Bei dem vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel erfolgt zunächst eine starke Stauchung des Werkstoffs des Bugkerns 3 mit anschließendem Überschreiten der Streckgrenze des Werkstoffs, die schließlich zu einem Aufreißen und Aufpilzen des Bugkerns 3 führt.An even stronger compression effect on the nose core 3 is achieved when the bow 13 of the penetrator 4 of Figure 7 as a deformation and Zerlegungsmittel a has spherical shape 31. This fits into a trough-shaped recess 32 of the nose cone 3. In the present embodiment, first a strong compression of the material of the nose core 3, followed by exceeding the yield strength of the material, which eventually leads to tearing and mushrooming of the nose core 3.

Figur 8 zeigt ein Ausführungsbeispiel mit einer glockenförmigen Spitze 33 als Bug 13 des Penetrators 4. Es ist eine Spitze mit kombinierter Stauch- und Spaltwirkung, die in eine entsprechend geformte Ausnehmung 34 des Bugkerns 3 reicht.Figure 8 shows an embodiment with a bell-shaped tip 33 as a bow 13 of the penetrator 4. It is a tip with a combined compression and splitting effect, which extends into a correspondingly shaped recess 34 of the bow core 3.

Claims (16)

  1. A partially fragmenting bullet of a lead-free material having a nose core (3), which, as a soft core, is the fragmenting part of the bullet (1), and a hard core as penetrator (4), wherein the nose (13) of the penetrator (4) comprises a deformation and fragmentation means (14, 31, 33), which is centred relative to the centre line (19) of the bullet (1), wherein the shape of the tail (11, 30, 32, 34) of the nose core (3) is in each case adapted to the shape of the deformation and fragmentation means (14, 31, 33), penetrating directly therein, of the penetrator (4) and wherein the shape of the nose (13) of the penetrator (4) and the shape of the tail (11, 30, 32, 34) of the nose core (3) are conformed to the desired fragmentation characteristics of the nose core (3) as a function of calibre and impact speed as well as of the nature of the target body by a conical shape (14) for splitting, a rounded shape (31) for compression and a bell shape (33) for joint splitting and compression of the nose core (3).
  2. A partially fragmenting bullet according to claim 1, characterised in that the angle (35) of the conical vertex (14, 29) is approximately between 30° and 90°, preferably approximately 60°.
  3. A partially fragmenting bullet according to one of claims 1 to 2, characterised in that the deformation and fragmentation means (14) is surrounded by a circular ring-shaped surface (15) and in that this circular ring-shaped surface (15) is perpendicular (18) to the centre line (19) of the bullet (1).
  4. A partially fragmenting bullet according to claim 3, characterised in that the tail (11) of the nose core (3) conformed to the nose (13) of the penetrator (4) is surrounded by a circular-ring shaped surface (16) and in that this circular ring-shaped surface (16) is perpendicular (18) to the centre line (19) of the bullet (1).
  5. A partially fragmenting bullet according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the nose (7) of the nose core (3) exhibits a shape conformed to the desired deformation and fragmentation behaviour of the nose core (3) on penetration into the target body.
  6. A partially fragmenting bullet according to claim 5, characterised in that the nose (7) of the nose core (3) takes the form of a flat head (25) or a hollow tip (8, 9; 26).
  7. A partially fragmenting bullet according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the tip (21) of the bullet (1) exhibits a shape conformed to the desired flight characteristics.
  8. A partially fragmenting bullet according to claim 7, characterised in that the bullet (1) bears a bullet hood in the form of a cap (22).
  9. A partially fragmenting bullet according to claim 7, characterised in that the bullet (1) bears an affixed solid tip (23).
  10. A partially fragmenting bullet according to claim 9, characterised in that the solid tip (23) comprises at its rear a shank (24) which extends into the nose core (3) .
  11. A partially fragmenting bullet according to claim 9 or claim 10, characterised in that the bullet tip (23) consists of a biodegradable plastics material.
  12. A partially fragmenting bullet according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterised in that the bullet (1) comprises a wadcutter edge (27).
  13. A partially fragmenting bullet according to claim 12, characterised in that the wadcutter edge (27) is formed roughly at the transition point between penetrator (4) and nose core (3) by a necked-in portion (28) in the jacket (2) of the bullet (1).
  14. A partially fragmenting bullet according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterised in that the wall thickness of the jacket (2) of the bullet (1) decreases from the tail (20) of the bullet (1) to the wadcutter edge (27).
  15. A partially fragmenting bullet according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterised in that the wall thickness of the bullet jacket (2) is smaller in the tapering part (10) of the bullet (1) than in the cylindrical part (12).
  16. A partially fragmenting bullet according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterised in that the following materials in particular are used for the bullet (1): plastics, in particular biodegradable, synthetic resins and, as metallic materials, copper, tin, zinc, iron, tungsten, titanium, silver, aluminium, tantalum, vanadium together with possible alloys of these metals.
EP00960558.5A 1999-09-10 2000-08-31 Partial fragmentation projectile with a penetrator in the tail of the projectile Expired - Lifetime EP1214560B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19943290 1999-09-10
DE19943290 1999-09-10
PCT/EP2000/008475 WO2001020245A1 (en) 1999-09-10 2000-08-31 Partial fragmentation projectile with a penetrator in the tail of the projectile

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EP1214560A1 EP1214560A1 (en) 2002-06-19
EP1214560B1 true EP1214560B1 (en) 2007-03-21
EP1214560B2 EP1214560B2 (en) 2017-09-13

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EP (1) EP1214560B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE357644T1 (en)
AU (1) AU7281800A (en)
DE (2) DE50014188D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2284525T3 (en)
PT (1) PT1214560E (en)
WO (1) WO2001020245A1 (en)

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EP2226606A2 (en) 2009-03-03 2010-09-08 Brenneke GmbH Partially expanding bullet for hunting purposes
DE202014103662U1 (en) 2014-08-06 2014-08-21 Brenneke Gmbh Lead-free partial decomposition projectile for hunting purposes

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WO2005017443A1 (en) 2003-08-05 2005-02-24 Ruag Ammotec Gmbh Partial decomposition projectile with a double core
EP1656533B1 (en) 2003-08-05 2010-12-01 RUAG Ammotec GmbH Partial decomposition projectile with a massive core and a core made of pressed powder
FR2859523B1 (en) * 2003-09-10 2005-12-02 Jean Claude Sauvestre HUNTING BALL WITH REDUCED AERODYNAMIC TRAINING
FR2867266B1 (en) * 2004-03-04 2006-05-26 Jean Claude Sauvestre DELAYED EXPANSION HUNTING BALL
CA2856600C (en) 2011-12-01 2019-12-31 Ruag Ammotec Gmbh Partially dividing projectile or dividing projectile with pb-free core interspersed with predetermined breaking points
DE102012023398B4 (en) 2012-11-30 2022-03-03 Ruag Ammotec Gmbh Partial fragmentation bullet or fragmentation bullet with a Pb-free core riddled with predetermined breaking points
EP2878917A1 (en) * 2013-11-29 2015-06-03 Real Federacion Espanola de Caza Chemical composition for manufacturing ammunition
PL3105532T3 (en) 2014-02-10 2018-10-31 Ruag Ammotec Gmbh Lead-free partial fragmentation bullet with separation mechanism between the rear of the bullet and bullet ogive
AU2015288295C1 (en) 2014-04-30 2020-02-13 G9 Holdings, Llc Projectile with enhanced ballistics
US11313657B1 (en) 2016-11-14 2022-04-26 Erik Agazim Multi-piece projectile with an insert formed via a powder metallurgy process
US20180135950A1 (en) * 2016-11-14 2018-05-17 Erik Agazim Frangible Bullet Tip
US10551154B2 (en) * 2017-01-20 2020-02-04 Vista Outdoor Operations Llc Rifle cartridge with improved bullet upset and separation
US10690464B2 (en) 2017-04-28 2020-06-23 Vista Outdoor Operations Llc Cartridge with combined effects projectile
US10753718B1 (en) 2018-03-16 2020-08-25 Vista Outdoor Operations Llc Colored cartridge packaging
USD857523S1 (en) 2018-03-16 2019-08-27 Vista Outdoor Operations Llc Cartridge packaging
US11428517B2 (en) 2019-09-20 2022-08-30 Npee L.C. Projectile with insert

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DE2843167A1 (en) † 1978-10-04 1980-04-17 Schirnecker Hans Ludwig Ammunition round for hunting - has body with blind hole closed at front by rigid insert of relatively hard material
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DE3638721A1 (en) * 1985-11-26 1987-05-27 Dynamit Nobel Ag DOUBLE CHAMBER FLOOR
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WO1997020185A1 (en) * 1995-11-30 1997-06-05 Olin Corporation Dual core jacketed bullet

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2226606A2 (en) 2009-03-03 2010-09-08 Brenneke GmbH Partially expanding bullet for hunting purposes
DE102009011093A1 (en) 2009-03-03 2010-09-09 Brenneke Gmbh Subdivision projectile for hunting purposes
DE202010018208U1 (en) 2009-03-03 2014-10-23 Brenneke Gmbh Subdivision projectile for hunting purposes
DE202014103662U1 (en) 2014-08-06 2014-08-21 Brenneke Gmbh Lead-free partial decomposition projectile for hunting purposes

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE357644T1 (en) 2007-04-15
AU7281800A (en) 2001-04-17
DE10042719A1 (en) 2001-03-22
EP1214560A1 (en) 2002-06-19
WO2001020245A1 (en) 2001-03-22
PT1214560E (en) 2007-06-27
EP1214560B2 (en) 2017-09-13
DE50014188D1 (en) 2007-05-03
ES2284525T3 (en) 2007-11-16

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