EP1656533B1 - Partial decomposition projectile with a massive core and a core made of pressed powder - Google Patents

Partial decomposition projectile with a massive core and a core made of pressed powder Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1656533B1
EP1656533B1 EP04763668A EP04763668A EP1656533B1 EP 1656533 B1 EP1656533 B1 EP 1656533B1 EP 04763668 A EP04763668 A EP 04763668A EP 04763668 A EP04763668 A EP 04763668A EP 1656533 B1 EP1656533 B1 EP 1656533B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bullet
core
projectile
disintegrating
powder
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Not-in-force
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EP04763668A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1656533A1 (en
Inventor
Heinz Riess
Erich Muskat
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RWS GmbH
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RUAG Ammotec GmbH
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Priority claimed from DE102004035385A external-priority patent/DE102004035385A1/en
Application filed by RUAG Ammotec GmbH filed Critical RUAG Ammotec GmbH
Priority to SI200431591T priority Critical patent/SI1656533T1/en
Priority to PL04763668T priority patent/PL1656533T3/en
Publication of EP1656533A1 publication Critical patent/EP1656533A1/en
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Publication of EP1656533B1 publication Critical patent/EP1656533B1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/72—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material
    • F42B12/74—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material of the core or solid body

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a partial separation projectile according to the preamble of the first claim.
  • the dismantling of a bullet in the target body determines the energy output of the projectile and thus the effect of the shot.
  • a different decomposition is required than in large game.
  • a mantle projectile It may be both a Generalmantel- and a solid shell projectile, the bullet core of balls or granules, pressed voids free, consists of a metallic material. Suitable materials for the balls or granules are all materials that can be pressed into a void-free core, including lead or lead-containing alloys. For reasons of environmental protection, to advantageously avoid contamination of the soil and venison, lead-free materials are preferably used.
  • the compressed bullet core made of bullets or granules held by the bullet jacket breaks apart with the bullet jacket on impact in the target body differently than a solid core.
  • the diameter of the balls or the grain size of the granules determine both the energy output, as well as the predetermined breaking points in the bullet core and thus the size of the resulting parts of his decomposition. Larger balls or granules penetrate deeper into the target medium and cause a deeper penetrating destruction channel in the tissue than a comparable number of smaller balls or granules particles.
  • sharp edges are formed on the compressed balls or granule particles, which increase the effect of the splinters.
  • a bullet for small caliber with two cores wherein the core in the bullet tip of a hard metal such as iron, tungsten, molybdenum or alloys thereof, and the core arranged behind it on the other hand made of a soft material.
  • the second core may be made of, for example, a pressed or sintered metallic or non-metallic powder.
  • a non-metallic powder calcium carbonate, which is not a ceramic material, is given.
  • German Offenlegungsschrift DE 10239910 A1 is presented a disassembled hunting projectile as a mantle projectile whose core consists of balls or granules in the size of 1 mm to 12 mm of a metallic material, wherein the balls or granules are compressed voids free and thereby predetermined breaking points in the core arise.
  • WO 00/73728 A2 describes a projectile which has a hard metal core as a penetrator in the projectile nose and in which the second core consists of a cold-pressed mixture of hard metal powder, for example tungsten, and light metal powder, for example tin, with a binder being added to the mixture.
  • hard metal powder for example tungsten
  • light metal powder for example tin
  • the projectile has a core of a mixture of tungsten powder and a lubricant and lubricant, for example calcium stearate.
  • the core is completed at the end of the projectile by a leveling and sealing compound, such as tin, but does not have the function of a core.
  • the object of the invention is to further improve the decomposition behavior of a bullet with two cores.
  • the projectiles according to the invention each have a solid core, i. a core made of solid material, in the rear or in the Geschoßbug and a second core, which is not solid, but consists of void-free pressed ceramic powder and is located in front of or behind the massive core.
  • the solid core and the powder core are made of different materials, whereby the design of the cores, the optimal balance position must be guaranteed in terms of ballistics.
  • the grain size of the powder depends on the desired energy release and depth effect of the individual powder particles in the target body. Large powder particles have a high depth effect, small powder particles, however, have only a low depth effect, especially in the game.
  • the grain size of the powder is therefore, depending on the desired effect, between 5 microns and 1 mm.
  • Sintering materials and binders are likewise advantageous, it being possible for binders to sit between the pressed powder particles as filler material in the case of poorly compressible materials.
  • the bullet core of powder may be crimped or prefabricated in the shell, i. pressed into the projectile shape void-free, are introduced into the mantle.
  • the pressing pressure depends on the grain size and is preferably between 1.5 and 4 tons.
  • predetermined breaking points in the jacket are advantageous.
  • the predetermined breaking points extend in the axial direction and lie on the inside of the jacket, preferably in the ogival region.
  • the dismantling of the projectile can be influenced by the number and position of the predetermined breaking points in the mantle. The closer the predetermined breaking points are to the top of the projectile, the sooner the mantle mushrooms and breaks up into splinters.
  • Other predetermined breaking points may be on the outer circumference radially extending notches such as a sharp edge in hunting bullets.
  • a tear-off edge, for example a sharp edge, at the transition to the solid core causes the jacket to tear off. Holding grooves, on the other hand, cause the projectile shell to be retained on the projectile core.
  • copper, its alloys, plated steel, soft iron and zinc-tin alloys are suitable as materials for the jacket.
  • the massive core can also consist of pressed balls or granules, with a high, void-free compression is beneficial.
  • a solid core of sintered materials is also possible.
  • the core of a solid shell or a partial shell projectile can also consist entirely of pressed powder. Such a projectile would be usable as a training projectile.
  • the described structure of the bullet core is suitable for all types of bullets that are teilzerlegbar. Due to the shown design possibilities of the core of a projectile, it is possible to produce projectiles which are matched to the respective intended use and which at each impact speed achieve an optimum effect on account of their coordinated disassembly behavior.
  • FIG. 1 a partial jacket floor 1 is shown.
  • a solid core 3 is used from a suitable material for a bullet core.
  • a suitable powder 5 is filled and then compressed free of voids to the second core 4.
  • powder material are materials such as ball or Granulatmaschine, Sintered metals and binders.
  • the projectile casing 1 is pulled onto the illustrated projectile shape.
  • the projectile casing 2 is not closed in Geunterbug 6. From the opening 7 of the casing 2, the projectile core 3 protrudes and forms the projectile nose 8.
  • the projectile shell After striking the target body, the projectile shell opens, the compressed core disassembles into its individual parts and gives off the desired energy to the venison. Due to the compressed core, the same energy release occurs in game on each storey.
  • the decomposition of this type of bullet is independent of the impact velocity, because the compressed core decomposes at both high and low impact velocity.
  • the decomposition of the core can be controlled by the sintering density or the binder fraction.
  • the size ratios of the two cores depend on the desired shock effect and depth effect in the game. If 50% of the core of compressed powder is present, the result is a high shock effect with depth effect, depending on the powder particle size. At 20% of the core of compressed powder produces a low shock effect with depth effect. The destruction of venison takes place depending on the powder particle size.
  • the embodiment according to FIG. 2 is with the after FIG. 1 comparable.
  • the difference is that the tail core 14 and the jacket 15 are integral.
  • the jacket 15 has been formed from the material of the tail core 14 by deep drawing and surrounds the nose cone 4 made of pressed powder 5, which forms the projectile nose 8.
  • the benefits are similar to those in the FIG. 1 bullet described.
  • the embodiment according to FIG. 3 differs fundamentally from the previous embodiments in that the bow core is the solid core.
  • the projectile 20 is likewise a part-shell projectile.
  • the core material for the tail core 22 the powder 23 is first filled, and then pressed free of voids.
  • a solid core 24 is used from a suitable material for a bullet core as a bow core.
  • the projectile casing 21 is pulled onto the illustrated projectile shape.
  • the projectile casing 21 is not closed in Geunterbug 25. From the opening 26 of the casing 21, the projectile core 24 protrudes and forms the projectile tip 27.
  • predetermined break points in the form of grooves pressed into the casing 21 extend on the inside of the casing 21 in the direction of the axis 29 of the projectile Rear 31 of the projectile 20 is to stabilize the projectile movement and thus to increase the precision of a dome 32nd
  • the embodiment according to FIG. 4 is with the after FIG. 3 comparable.
  • the projectile casing 21 has further features.
  • In the cylindrical portion of the projectile 20 there is a so-called sharp edge 33, located on the outer circumference of the shell 21 notch with a sharp edge on the one hand, a clean shot in the ceiling of the game on hunting and on the other hand another breaking point in the decomposition of the game Mantels 21 forms.
  • the additional features of the bullet jacket are not limited to the present embodiment.
  • the embodiments of the FIGS. 1 to 3 can be equipped with a sharp edge and / or at least one retaining groove. With demolition edges, for example in the form of a sharp edge, and holding grooves, as described above, the disassembly of the projectile can be controlled.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)

Abstract

The decomposition of a projectile in a target body, particularly a hunting projectile in wild animals after penetration therein, determines the energy output of the projectile and thereby the effect of the shot. For projectiles with double cores, the properties of the ingredients used in the cores decisively affect the decomposition and particularly the deformation behavior of the cores. According to the invention, a partial decomposition projectile comprising two cores is provided with one solid core (3) made of a material suited to said projectile and the second core (4) is made of a powder (5) consisting of metal or ceramic ingredients, said powder being pressed to become free of shrink holes, in order to improve decomposition behavior control.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Teilzerlegungsgeschoss entsprechend dem Oberbegriff des ersten Anspruchs.The invention relates to a partial separation projectile according to the preamble of the first claim.

Die Zerlegung eines Geschosses im Zielkörper, insbesondere eines Jagdgeschosses im Wildkörper nach dem Eindringen in diesen, bestimmt die Energieabgabe des Geschosses und damit die Wirkung des Schusses. Bei schwachem Wild beispielsweise ist eine andere Zerlegung erforderlich als beim Hochwild. Aus der DE 102 39 910 A1 ist ein sich zerlegendes Jagdgeschoss als Mantelgeschoss bekannt. Es kann sowohl ein Teilmantel- als auch ein Vollmantelgeschoss sein, dessen Geschosskern aus Kugeln oder Granulat, lunkerfrei verpresst, aus einem metallischen Werkstoff besteht. Als Werkstoff für die Kugeln oder das Granulat eignen sich alle Werkstoffe, die sich zu einem lunkerfreien Kern verpressen lassen, unter anderem auch Blei oder bleihaltige Legierungen. Aus Gründen des Umweltschutzes, zur vorteilhaften Vermeidung einer Kontaminierung des Bodens und des Wildbrets, werden vorzugsweise bleifreie Werkstoffe verwendet.The dismantling of a bullet in the target body, especially a hunting bullet in the game after penetration into these, determines the energy output of the projectile and thus the effect of the shot. In weak game, for example, a different decomposition is required than in large game. From the DE 102 39 910 A1 is a decaying hunting ground known as a mantle projectile. It may be both a Teilmantel- and a solid shell projectile, the bullet core of balls or granules, pressed voids free, consists of a metallic material. Suitable materials for the balls or granules are all materials that can be pressed into a void-free core, including lead or lead-containing alloys. For reasons of environmental protection, to advantageously avoid contamination of the soil and venison, lead-free materials are preferably used.

Der vom Geschossmantel gehaltene verpresste Geschosskern aus Kugeln oder Granulat zerlegt sich mit dem Geschossmantel beim Aufprall im Zielkörper anders als ein massiver Kern. Der Durchmesser der Kugeln oder die Korngröße des Granulats bestimmen sowohl die Energieabgabe, als auch die Sollbruchstellen im Geschosskern und damit die Größe der bei seiner Zerlegung entstehenden Einzelteile. Größere Kugeln oder Granulatteilchen dringen tiefer in das Zielmedium ein und führen im Gewebe einen tiefer eindringenden Zerstörungskanal herbei als eine in der Masse vergleichbare Anzahl kleinerer Kugeln oder Granulatteilchen. Durch das Verpressen des Materials des Kerns entstehen scharfe Kanten an den verpressten Kugeln oder Granulatteilchen, die die Wirkungsweise der Splitter erhöhen.The compressed bullet core made of bullets or granules held by the bullet jacket breaks apart with the bullet jacket on impact in the target body differently than a solid core. The diameter of the balls or the grain size of the granules determine both the energy output, as well as the predetermined breaking points in the bullet core and thus the size of the resulting parts of his decomposition. Larger balls or granules penetrate deeper into the target medium and cause a deeper penetrating destruction channel in the tissue than a comparable number of smaller balls or granules particles. By pressing the material of the core, sharp edges are formed on the compressed balls or granule particles, which increase the effect of the splinters.

Aus der WO 01/20244 A1 und aus der WO 01/20245 A1 sind Deformationsgeschosse bekannt, die jeweils aus zwei massiven Kernen bestehen, wobei ein Kern der sogenannte Penetrator ist, der im Heck beziehungsweise im Geschossbug angeordnet ist und das Zerlegungs- und insbesondere das Verformungsverhalten des Geschosses maßgeblich beeinflusst. Bei diesen Geschossen erfolgt ein geringer Masseverlust der Kerne und ein Ausschuss mit definierter Restgröße des Geschosses.From the WO 01/20244 A1 and from the WO 01/20245 A1 Deformation projectiles are known, each consisting of two massive cores, with a core of the so-called penetrator, which is arranged in the rear or in the projectile bow and significantly affects the decomposition and in particular the deformation behavior of the projectile. In these projectiles there is a small mass loss of the cores and a reject with a defined residual size of the projectile.

Aus der Schrift WO 97/20185 (Basis für Anspruch 1) ist ein Geschoss für kleine Kaliber mit zwei Kernen bekannt, wobei der Kern in der Geschossspitze aus einem harten Metall wie Eisen, Wolfram, Molybdän oder Legierungen davon besteht und der dahinter angeordnete Kern dagegen aus einem weichen Werkstoff. Der zweite Kern kann beispielsweise aus einem gepressten oder gesinterten metallischen oder nichtmetallischen Pulver bestehen. Als Beispiel für ein nichtmetallisches Pulver wird Calciumcarbonat angegeben, das kein keramischer Werkstoff ist.From the Scriptures WO 97/20185 (Basis for claim 1) a bullet for small caliber with two cores is known, wherein the core in the bullet tip of a hard metal such as iron, tungsten, molybdenum or alloys thereof, and the core arranged behind it on the other hand made of a soft material. The second core may be made of, for example, a pressed or sintered metallic or non-metallic powder. As an example of a non-metallic powder, calcium carbonate, which is not a ceramic material, is given.

In dem US-Patent 4,939,996 wird ein Geschoss beschrieben, dessen Kern vollständig aus gesinterter, also nicht pulverförmiger Keramik besteht.By doing U.S. Patent 4,939,996 describes a projectile whose core consists entirely of sintered, so not powdered ceramic.

In der deutschen Offenlegungsschrift DE 10239910 A1 wird ein sich zerlegendes Jagdgeschoss als Mantelgeschoss vorgestellt, dessen Kern aus Kugeln oder aus Granulat in der Größe von 1 mm bis zu 12 mm aus einem metallischen Werkstoff besteht, wobei die Kugeln oder das Granulat lunkerfrei verpresst sind und dadurch Sollbruchstellen im Kern entstehen.In the German Offenlegungsschrift DE 10239910 A1 is presented a disassembled hunting projectile as a mantle projectile whose core consists of balls or granules in the size of 1 mm to 12 mm of a metallic material, wherein the balls or granules are compressed voids free and thereby predetermined breaking points in the core arise.

In der PCT-Veröffentlichung WO 00/73728 A2 wird ein Geschoss beschrieben, das in der Geschossspitze einen Hartmetallkern als Penetrator aufweist und bei dem der zweite Kern aus einer kaltgepressten Mischung von Hartmetallpulver, beispielsweise Wolfram, und Leichtmetallpulver, beispielsweise Zinn, besteht, wobei ein Binder der Mischung zugegeben wird.In the PCT publication WO 00/73728 A2 describes a projectile which has a hard metal core as a penetrator in the projectile nose and in which the second core consists of a cold-pressed mixture of hard metal powder, for example tungsten, and light metal powder, for example tin, with a binder being added to the mixture.

In der europäischen Patentanmeldung EP 0997700 A1 werden ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines schadstoffarmen Mantelgeschosses und ein danach hergestelltes Geschoss beschrieben. Das Geschoss weist einen Kern aus einer Mischung von Wolframpulver und einem Schmier- und Gleitmittel auf, beispielsweise Calziumstearat. Der Kern wird am Ende des Geschosses durch eine Ausgleichs- und Dichtmasse, beispielsweise Zinn, abgeschlossen, die aber nicht die Funktion eines Kerns hat.In the European patent application EP 0997700 A1 For example, a method for producing a low-emission jacket bullet and a projectile subsequently produced are described. The projectile has a core of a mixture of tungsten powder and a lubricant and lubricant, for example calcium stearate. The core is completed at the end of the projectile by a leveling and sealing compound, such as tin, but does not have the function of a core.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, das Zerlegungsverhalten eines Geschosses mit zwei Kernen weiter zu verbessern.The object of the invention is to further improve the decomposition behavior of a bullet with two cores.

Die Lösung der Aufgabe erfolgt durch die Merkmale vom Anspruch 1. Die erfindungsemäßen Geschosse weisen jeweils einen massiven Kern, d.h. einen Kern aus Vollmaterial, im Heck oder im Geschossbug auf und einen zweiten Kern, der nicht massiv ist, sondern aus lunkerfrei verpresstem keramischen Pulver besteht und der vor oder hinter dem massiven Kern liegt. Der massive Kern und der Pulverkern bestehen aus unterschiedlichen Werkstoffen, wobei bei der Gestaltung der Kerne die optimale Schwerpunktlage in Bezug auf die Ballistik gewährleistet sein muss.The object is achieved by the features of claim 1. The projectiles according to the invention each have a solid core, i. a core made of solid material, in the rear or in the Geschoßbug and a second core, which is not solid, but consists of void-free pressed ceramic powder and is located in front of or behind the massive core. The solid core and the powder core are made of different materials, whereby the design of the cores, the optimal balance position must be guaranteed in terms of ballistics.

Die Korngröße des Pulvers richtet sich nach der gewünschten Energieabgabe und Tiefenwirkung der einzelnen Pulverteilchen im Zielkörper. Große Pulverteilchen haben eine hohe Tiefenwirkung, kleine Pulverteilchen dagegen haben nur eine geringe Tiefenwirkung, insbesondere im Wildkörper. Die Korngröße des Pulvers liegt deshalb, je nach erwünschter Wirkung, zwischen 5 µm und 1 mm.The grain size of the powder depends on the desired energy release and depth effect of the individual powder particles in the target body. Large powder particles have a high depth effect, small powder particles, however, have only a low depth effect, especially in the game. The grain size of the powder is therefore, depending on the desired effect, between 5 microns and 1 mm.

Sintermaterialien und Bindemittel sind ebenfalls von Vorteil, wobei Bindemittel bei schlechter verpressbaren Werkstoffen als Füllmaterial zwischen den verpressten Pulverteilchen sitzen kann.Sintering materials and binders are likewise advantageous, it being possible for binders to sit between the pressed powder particles as filler material in the case of poorly compressible materials.

Der Geschosskern aus Pulver kann im Mantel verpresst werden oder vorgefertigt, d.h. in die Geschossform lunkerfrei vorgepresst, in den Mantel eingebracht werden.The bullet core of powder may be crimped or prefabricated in the shell, i. pressed into the projectile shape void-free, are introduced into the mantle.

Der Pressdruck richtet sich nach der Korngröße und liegt bevorzugt zwischen 1,5 und 4 Tonnen.The pressing pressure depends on the grain size and is preferably between 1.5 and 4 tons.

Ist eine Zerlegung des Geschosses bereits beim Auftreffen oder in geringer Eindringtiefe bzw. bei geringeren Projektilgeschwindigkeiten gewünscht, sind Sollbruchstellen im Mantel von Vorteil. Die Sollbruchstellen verlaufen in axialer Richtung und liegen auf der Innenseite des Mantels, bevorzugt im ogivalen Bereich. Die Zerlegung des Geschosses kann durch die Anzahl und die Lage der Sollbruchstellen im Mantel beeinflusst werden. Je näher die Sollbruchstellen zur Spitze des Geschosses hin liegen, desto eher pilzt der Mantel auf und zerlegt sich in Splitter. Weitere Sollbruchstellen können auf den Außenumfang radial verlaufende Einkerbungen sein wie beispielsweise ein Scharfrand bei Jagdgeschossen. Eine Abrisskante, beispielsweise ein Scharfrand, am Übergang zum massiven Kern bewirkt ein Abreißen des Mantels. Halterillen dagegen bewirken ein Festhalten des Geschossmantels am Geschosskern.If a decomposition of the projectile is already desired on impact or in low penetration depth or at lower projectile speeds, predetermined breaking points in the jacket are advantageous. The predetermined breaking points extend in the axial direction and lie on the inside of the jacket, preferably in the ogival region. The dismantling of the projectile can be influenced by the number and position of the predetermined breaking points in the mantle. The closer the predetermined breaking points are to the top of the projectile, the sooner the mantle mushrooms and breaks up into splinters. Other predetermined breaking points may be on the outer circumference radially extending notches such as a sharp edge in hunting bullets. A tear-off edge, for example a sharp edge, at the transition to the solid core causes the jacket to tear off. Holding grooves, on the other hand, cause the projectile shell to be retained on the projectile core.

Als Werkstoffe für den Mantel eignen sich insbesondere Kupfer, dessen Legierungen, plattierter Stahl, Weicheisen und Zink-Zinn-Legierungen.In particular, copper, its alloys, plated steel, soft iron and zinc-tin alloys are suitable as materials for the jacket.

Als Vollmantelgeschoss mit einem vollständig verpressten Kern kann es als Übungsgeschoss verwendet werden. Die Vorteile sind Schadstofffreiheit bei der Vermeidung von Bleiwerkstoffen. Beim Auftreffen des Geschosses auf einen Kugelfang pilzt der Mantel auf, reißt und der Kern zerlegt sich sofort in seine Einzelteile und vernichtet somit seine gesamte gespeicherte Energie. Dadurch werden vorteilhaft Beschädigungen am Kugelfang vermieden.As a fully jacketed bullet with a completely compressed core, it can be used as a practice floor. The advantages are free of pollutants in the prevention of lead materials. When the projectile strikes a bullet trap, the mantle mushrooms, tears and the core immediately breaks down into its individual parts, destroying all of its stored energy. As a result, damage to the ball catch are advantageously avoided.

Der massive Kern kann auch aus gepressten Kugeln oder Granulat bestehen, wobei eine hohe, lunkerfreie Verpressung von Vorteil ist. Ein massiver Kern aus Sinterwerkstoffen ist ebenfalls möglich.The massive core can also consist of pressed balls or granules, with a high, void-free compression is beneficial. A solid core of sintered materials is also possible.

Der Kern eines Vollmantel- oder ein Teilmantelgeschosses kann auch vollständig aus gepresstem Pulver bestehen. Ein solches Geschoss wäre als Übungsgeschoss verwendbar.The core of a solid shell or a partial shell projectile can also consist entirely of pressed powder. Such a projectile would be usable as a training projectile.

Der geschilderte Aufbau des Geschosskerns eignet sich für alle Geschosstypen, die teilzerlegbar sind. Durch die aufgezeigten Gestaltungsmöglichkeiten des Kerns eines Geschosses ist es möglich Geschosse herzustellen, die auf den jeweiligen Verwendungszweck abgestimmt sind und die bei jeder Auftreffgeschwindigkeit aufgrund ihres darauf abgestimmten Zerlegungsverhaltens jeweils eine optimale Wirkung erzielen.The described structure of the bullet core is suitable for all types of bullets that are teilzerlegbar. Due to the shown design possibilities of the core of a projectile, it is possible to produce projectiles which are matched to the respective intended use and which at each impact speed achieve an optimum effect on account of their coordinated disassembly behavior.

Anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen wird die Erfindung näher erläutert.Reference to exemplary embodiments, the invention is explained in detail.

Es zeigen in schematisierter Darstellung:

Figur 1
ein Teilmantelgeschoss als Teilzerlegungsgeschoss, halbseitig im Schnitt dargestellt, mit massivem Heckkern und einem Bugkern aus lunkerfrei verpresstem Pulver,
Figur 2
ein Teilmantelgeschoss als Teilzerlegungsgeschoss, Kernanordnung entsprechend Figur 1, halbseitig im Schnitt dargestellt, mit massivem Heckkern und einem Bugkern, wobei der Mantel und der Heckkern einstückig sind,
Figur 3
ein Teilmantelgeschoss, halbseitig im Schnitt dargestellt, mit massivem Bugkern und einem Heckkern aus lunkerfrei verpresstem Pulver, und
Figur 4
ein Teilmantelgeschoss als Teilzerlegungsgeschoss, Kernanordnung entsprechend Figur 3, halbseitig im Schnitt dargestellt, bei dem der Mantel zusätzlich einen Scharfrand und zwei Halterillen trägt.
In a schematic representation:
FIG. 1
a part-shell projectile as a partial decomposition projectile, shown on one side in section, with a massive tail core and a bow core made of non-vandalized compressed powder,
FIG. 2
a partial jacket floor as a partial separation projectile, corresponding to the core arrangement FIG. 1 , shown in section on one side, with a solid rear core and a bow core, whereby the jacket and the rear core are in one piece,
FIG. 3
a partial mantle projectile, shown in section on one side, with solid bow core and a tail core made of non-vitrified compacted powder, and
FIG. 4
a partial jacket floor as a partial separation projectile, corresponding to the core arrangement FIG. 3 , shown on one side in section, in which the coat also has a sharp edge and two holding grooves.

In Figur 1 ist ein Teilmantelgeschoss 1 dargestellt. In den zunächst unverformten, offenen Geschossmantel 2 wird ein massiver Kern 3 aus einem für einen Geschosskern geeigneten Werkstoff eingesetzt. Darauf wird ein geeignetes Pulver 5 eingefüllt und dann lunkerfrei zum zweiten Kern 4 verpresst. Als Pulvermaterial eignen sich Materialien wie z.B. Kugel- oder Granulatteile, Sintermetalle und Bindemittel. Anschließend wird der Geschossmantel 1 auf die dargestellte Geschossform eingezogen. Der Geschossmantel 2 ist im Geschossbug 6 nicht geschlossen. Aus der Öffnung 7 des Mantels 2 tritt der Geschosskern 3 hervor und bildet die Geschossspitze 8. Im ogivalen Bereich 9 verlaufen auf der Innenseite des Mantels 2 in Richtung der Achse 10 des Geschosses 1 Sollbruchstellen in Form von in den Mantel 2 gepresste Rillen 11. Im Heck 12 des Geschosses 1 befindet sich zur Stabilisierung der Geschossbewegung und damit zur Steigerung der Präzision eine Kalotte 13.In FIG. 1 a partial jacket floor 1 is shown. In the initially undeformed, open shell casing 2, a solid core 3 is used from a suitable material for a bullet core. Then, a suitable powder 5 is filled and then compressed free of voids to the second core 4. As powder material are materials such as ball or Granulatteile, Sintered metals and binders. Subsequently, the projectile casing 1 is pulled onto the illustrated projectile shape. The projectile casing 2 is not closed in Geschossbug 6. From the opening 7 of the casing 2, the projectile core 3 protrudes and forms the projectile nose 8. In the ogival region 9, predetermined breaking points in the form of grooves pressed into the casing 2 run on the inside of the casing 2 in the direction of the axis 10 of the projectile 1 Rear 12 of the projectile 1 is to stabilize the projectile movement and thus to increase the precision of a cap 13.

Nach dem Auftreffen im Zielkörper öffnet sich der Geschossmantel, der verpresste Kern zerlegt sich in seine Einzelteile und gibt dabei die gewünschte Energie an das Wildbret ab. Auf Grund des verpressten Kerns erfolgt bei jedem Geschoss die gleiche Energieabgabe im Wildbret. Die Zerlegung dieses Geschosstyps ist unabhängig von der Auftreffgeschwindigkeit, weil sich der verpresste Kern sowohl bei hoher als auch bei niedriger Auftreffgeschwindigkeit zerlegt. Bei Kernen aus Sinterwerkstoffen oder mit Bindmitteln im verpressten Kern kann die Zerlegung des Kerns durch die Sinterdichte bzw. den Bindemittelanteil gesteuert werden.After striking the target body, the projectile shell opens, the compressed core disassembles into its individual parts and gives off the desired energy to the venison. Due to the compressed core, the same energy release occurs in game on each storey. The decomposition of this type of bullet is independent of the impact velocity, because the compressed core decomposes at both high and low impact velocity. For cores made of sintered materials or with binders in the pressed core, the decomposition of the core can be controlled by the sintering density or the binder fraction.

Die Größenverhältnisse der beiden Kerne richten sich nach der gewünschten Schockwirkung und Tiefenwirkung im Wildkörper. Bestehen 50 % des Kerns aus verpresstem Pulver, entsteht eine hohe Schockwirkung mit Tiefenwirkung, abhängig von der Pulverteilchengröße. Bei 20 % des Kerns aus verpresstem Pulver entsteht eine geringe Schockwirkung mit Tiefenwirkung. Die Zerstörung des Wildbrets erfolgt in Abhängigkeit von der Pulverteilchengröße.The size ratios of the two cores depend on the desired shock effect and depth effect in the game. If 50% of the core of compressed powder is present, the result is a high shock effect with depth effect, depending on the powder particle size. At 20% of the core of compressed powder produces a low shock effect with depth effect. The destruction of venison takes place depending on the powder particle size.

Das Ausführungsbeispiel nach Figur 2 ist mit dem nach Figur 1 vergleichbar. Der Unterschied besteht darin, dass der Heckkern 14 und der Mantel 15 einstückig sind. Der Mantel 15 ist aus dem Werkstoff des Heckkerns 14 durch Tiefziehen geformt worden und umschließt den Bugkern 4 aus gepresstem Pulver 5, der die Geschossspitze 8 bildet. Die Vorteile sind ähnlich dem in der Figur 1 beschriebenen Geschoss.The embodiment according to FIG. 2 is with the after FIG. 1 comparable. The difference is that the tail core 14 and the jacket 15 are integral. The jacket 15 has been formed from the material of the tail core 14 by deep drawing and surrounds the nose cone 4 made of pressed powder 5, which forms the projectile nose 8. The benefits are similar to those in the FIG. 1 bullet described.

Das Ausführungsbeispiel nach Figur 3 unterscheidet sich von den vorhergehenden Ausführungsbeispielen grundlegend dadurch, dass der Bugkern der massive Kern ist. Das Geschoss 20 ist ebenfalls ein Teilmantelgeschoss. In den zunächst unverformten, offenen Geschossmantel 21 wird zunächst das Kernmaterial für den Heckkern 22, das Pulver 23, eingefüllt, und dann lunkerfrei verpresst. Danach wird ein massiver Kern 24 aus einem für einen Geschosskern geeigneten Werkstoff als Bugkern eingesetzt. Anschließend wird der Geschossmantel 21 auf die dargestellte Geschossform eingezogen. Der Geschossmantel 21 ist im Geschossbug 25 nicht geschlossen. Aus der Öffnung 26 des Mantels 21 tritt der Geschosskern 24 hervor und bildet die Geschossspitze 27. Im ogivalen Bereich 28 verlaufen auf der Innenseite des Mantels 21 in Richtung der Achse 29 des Geschosses 20 Sollbruchstellen in Form von in den Mantel 21 gepresste Rillen 30. Im Heck 31 des Geschosses 20 befindet sich zur Stabilisierung der Geschossbewegung und damit zur Steigerung der Präzision eine Kalotte 32.The embodiment according to FIG. 3 differs fundamentally from the previous embodiments in that the bow core is the solid core. The projectile 20 is likewise a part-shell projectile. In the initially undeformed, open shell casing 21, the core material for the tail core 22, the powder 23 is first filled, and then pressed free of voids. Thereafter, a solid core 24 is used from a suitable material for a bullet core as a bow core. Subsequently, the projectile casing 21 is pulled onto the illustrated projectile shape. The projectile casing 21 is not closed in Geschossbug 25. From the opening 26 of the casing 21, the projectile core 24 protrudes and forms the projectile tip 27. In the ogival region 28 predetermined break points in the form of grooves pressed into the casing 21 extend on the inside of the casing 21 in the direction of the axis 29 of the projectile Rear 31 of the projectile 20 is to stabilize the projectile movement and thus to increase the precision of a dome 32nd

Das Ausführungsbeispiel nach Figur 4 ist mit dem nach Figur 3 vergleichbar. Der Unterschied besteht darin, dass der Geschossmantel 21 weitere Merkmale aufweist. Im zylindrischen Bereich des Geschosses 20 befindet sich ein sogenannter Scharfrand 33, eine sich auf dem äußeren Umfang des Mantels 21 befindliche Einkerbung mit scharfer Kante, die bei Jagdgeschossen einerseits einen sauberen Einschuss in die Decke des Wildes bedingt und andererseits eine weitere Sollbruchstelle bei der Zerlegung des Mantels 21 bildet. Weiterhin befinden sich noch zwei Halterillen 34 auf dem Umfang des Mantels 21. Durch Verformung des Mantels wird der Kern fixiert. Außerdem tragen diese Halterillen 34 zur Herabsetzung der Reibung im Waffenrohr bei. Die zusätzlichen Merkmale des Geschossmantels sind nicht auf das vorliegende Ausführungsbeispiel beschränkt. Auch die Ausführungsbeispiele der Figuren 1 bis 3 können mit einem Scharfrand und/oder mindestens einer Halterille ausgestattet sein. Mit Abrisskanten, beispielsweise in Form eines Scharfrands, und Halterillen kann, wie oben beschrieben, die Zerlegung des Geschosses gesteuert werden.The embodiment according to FIG. 4 is with the after FIG. 3 comparable. The difference is that the projectile casing 21 has further features. In the cylindrical portion of the projectile 20 there is a so-called sharp edge 33, located on the outer circumference of the shell 21 notch with a sharp edge on the one hand, a clean shot in the ceiling of the game on hunting and on the other hand another breaking point in the decomposition of the game Mantels 21 forms. Furthermore, there are still two holding grooves 34 on the circumference of the shell 21. By deformation of the shell of the core is fixed. In addition, these holding grooves 34 contribute to the reduction of friction in the gun barrel. The additional features of the bullet jacket are not limited to the present embodiment. Also, the embodiments of the FIGS. 1 to 3 can be equipped with a sharp edge and / or at least one retaining groove. With demolition edges, for example in the form of a sharp edge, and holding grooves, as described above, the disassembly of the projectile can be controlled.

Claims (14)

  1. A disintegrating bullet in the form of a jacketed bullet, the bullet (1) comprising two cores, of which the one core (3; 14; 24) consists, in solid form, of a material suitable for bullets, characterised in that the second core (4; 22) consists of powder (5; 23) made from ceramic materials, in that the particle size of the powder (5; 23) is between 5 µm and 1 mm, and in that the powder is compressed without cavities.
  2. A disintegrating bullet according to claim 1, characterised in that the solid bullet core (3) forms the tail (12) of the bullet (1).
  3. A disintegrating bullet according to claim 1, characterised in that the solid bullet core (24) is arranged in the nose (25) of the bullet (20) and forms the bullet tip (27).
  4. A disintegrating bullet according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the ceramic powder (5; 23) is aluminium oxide or zirconium oxide or silicon nitride.
  5. A disintegrating bullet according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that when the powder is compressed it is mixed with binders or with cavity-filling material.
  6. A disintegrating bullet according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the bullet cores (3, 4; 22, 24) are introduced into the jackets (2; 15; 21) in prefabricated form or are compressed in the jacket.
  7. A disintegrating bullet according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the solid core consists of compressed balls or granules.
  8. A disintegrating bullet according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the solid core consists of sintered material.
  9. A disintegrating bullet according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the bullet jacket (2, 15; 21) has predetermined breaking points (11; 30).
  10. A disintegrating bullet according to claim 9, characterised in that the predetermined breaking points (11; 30) extend in the direction of the bullet axis (10; 29).
  11. A disintegrating bullet according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the material of the bullet jacket (2, 15; 21) is copper, alloys thereof, plated steel, soft iron or zinc/tin alloys.
  12. A disintegrating bullet according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterised in that the bullet (1; 20) has a spherical indentation (13; 32) in the tail region (12; 31).
  13. A disintegrating bullet according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterised in that the bullet (20) has a sharp edge (33) on its outer perimeter.
  14. A disintegrating bullet according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterised in that the bullet (20) has holding grooves (34) on its outer perimeter.
EP04763668A 2003-08-05 2004-07-30 Partial decomposition projectile with a massive core and a core made of pressed powder Not-in-force EP1656533B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SI200431591T SI1656533T1 (en) 2003-08-05 2004-07-30 Partial decomposition projectile with a massive core and a core made of pressed powder
PL04763668T PL1656533T3 (en) 2003-08-05 2004-07-30 Partial decomposition projectile with a massive core and a core made of pressed powder

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10335711 2003-08-05
DE102004035385A DE102004035385A1 (en) 2003-08-05 2004-07-21 Partial decomposition projectile with solid core and core of pressed powder
PCT/EP2004/008589 WO2005017442A1 (en) 2003-08-05 2004-07-30 Partial decomposition projectile with a massive core and a core made of pressed powder

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1656533A1 EP1656533A1 (en) 2006-05-17
EP1656533B1 true EP1656533B1 (en) 2010-12-01

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EP04763668A Not-in-force EP1656533B1 (en) 2003-08-05 2004-07-30 Partial decomposition projectile with a massive core and a core made of pressed powder

Country Status (5)

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EP (1) EP1656533B1 (en)
NO (1) NO333149B1 (en)
PL (1) PL1656533T3 (en)
RU (1) RU2356001C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2005017442A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3105530B1 (en) * 2014-02-10 2018-04-04 RUAG Ammotec GmbH Fragmenting projectile having projectile cores made of pb or pb-free materials having fragmentation in steps
GB2582564B (en) * 2019-03-25 2022-11-30 Bae Systems Plc Enhanced performance ammunition
EP3715774A1 (en) * 2019-03-25 2020-09-30 BAE SYSTEMS plc Enhanced performance ammunition
WO2020193935A1 (en) * 2019-03-25 2020-10-01 Bae Systems Plc Enhanced performance ammunition
US11105597B1 (en) * 2020-05-11 2021-08-31 Rocky Mountain Scientific Laboratory, Llc Castable frangible projectile

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4939996A (en) * 1986-09-03 1990-07-10 Coors Porcelain Company Ceramic munitions projectile
WO1997020185A1 (en) * 1995-11-30 1997-06-05 Olin Corporation Dual core jacketed bullet
EP0997700A1 (en) * 1998-10-30 2000-05-03 SM Schweizerische Munitionsunternehmung AG Non-polluting jacketed bullet and manufacturing method therefor
WO2000073728A2 (en) * 1999-05-28 2000-12-07 Cove Corporation Powder-based ammunition projectile having trailing end heat and blast barrier
PT1214560E (en) 1999-09-10 2007-06-27 Ruag Ammotec Gmbh Partial fragmentation projectile with a penetrator in the tail of the projectile
EP1222436B1 (en) 1999-09-10 2003-06-04 Dynamit Nobel GmbH Explosivstoff- und Systemtechnik Deformation projectile with a penetrator in the nose of the projectile
US6546875B2 (en) * 2001-04-23 2003-04-15 Ut-Battelle, Llc Non-lead hollow point bullet
DE10239910A1 (en) 2001-09-22 2003-04-10 Dynamit Nobel Ammotec Gmbh Disassembling hunting bullet

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2005017442A1 (en) 2005-02-24
NO333149B1 (en) 2013-03-18
EP1656533A1 (en) 2006-05-17
RU2356001C2 (en) 2009-05-20
NO20060642L (en) 2006-02-09
RU2006106612A (en) 2006-07-27
PL1656533T3 (en) 2011-07-29

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