EP1173906A1 - Safety socket - Google Patents
Safety socketInfo
- Publication number
- EP1173906A1 EP1173906A1 EP00910485A EP00910485A EP1173906A1 EP 1173906 A1 EP1173906 A1 EP 1173906A1 EP 00910485 A EP00910485 A EP 00910485A EP 00910485 A EP00910485 A EP 00910485A EP 1173906 A1 EP1173906 A1 EP 1173906A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- socket
- contact
- disc
- pads
- pad
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R33/00—Coupling devices specially adapted for supporting apparatus and having one part acting as a holder providing support and electrical connection via a counterpart which is structurally associated with the apparatus, e.g. lamp holders; Separate parts thereof
- H01R33/945—Holders with built-in electrical component
- H01R33/96—Holders with built-in electrical component with switch operated by engagement or disengagement of coupling
- H01R33/962—Holders with built-in electrical component with switch operated by engagement or disengagement of coupling for screw type coupling devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R33/00—Coupling devices specially adapted for supporting apparatus and having one part acting as a holder providing support and electrical connection via a counterpart which is structurally associated with the apparatus, e.g. lamp holders; Separate parts thereof
- H01R33/05—Two-pole devices
- H01R33/22—Two-pole devices for screw type base, e.g. for lamp
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a safety socket for an electric bulb with screw base or bayonet.
- an electrocution accident can occur when a bulb is broken in a socket and a portion of the bulb's electrical circuit remains energized and is no longer protected by the glass of the bulb. In this case also contact by a finger or a tool can be dangerous.
- the safety disc is, in this document, provided with another through contact for the passage of neutral, this contact being connected with a flexible conductive blade pressing on the thread of the base of the bulb.
- This conductive strip represents a danger for the user, because it is easy, when there is no bulb in the socket, to bend this strip with the fingers or a tool and to put it under tension, in particular in the case where the phase and neutral conductors have been reversed.
- Application EP-A-0.027.244 describes a socket provided with a safety device of very complicated construction, therefore not very reliable to use.
- a movable conductive strip is responsible for ensuring the connection to neutral with the same drawback as mentioned above.
- a first object of the invention is to propose a safety socket for an electric bulb provided with a safety device making it possible to prevent accidental contact with any accessible conductive part of the socket.
- a second object of the invention is to propose that the previous safety socket be provided with a safety device able to operate regardless of the way in which said socket is connected to the power cable.
- Yet another object of the invention is to propose that the safety socket be provided with a lockable safety device.
- Transition sockets are also known which make it possible to install a bulb provided with a base having a determined diameter in a socket having an equal or different diameter.
- Another object of the invention is to propose a transition socket provided with one or the other of the preceding safety devices.
- FIG. 1 schematically shows a sectional section of a socket provided with a safety device according to a first embodiment of the invention in the disconnected state
- FIG. 2 schematically shows the same portion of socket, in the connected state when a bulb has been inserted into the socket
- Figure 3 schematically shows a section along the line lll-lll in the figure.
- FIG. 4 schematically shows a sectional section of a socket provided with a safety device according to a second embodiment in the disconnected state
- FIG. 4A shows a detail of the previous figure
- FIG. 5 schematically shows the same portion of socket, in the connected state when a bulb has been inserted into the socket
- FIG. 6 schematically shows a sectional section of a socket provided with a safety device according to another embodiment in the disconnected state
- FIG. 7 schematically shows a sectional section of a socket provided with a safety device according to yet another embodiment in the disconnected state
- FIG. 8 schematically shows a first version of a device for locking a safety device for a socket
- FIG. 9 schematically shows, in a partial section in elevation, a second version of a locking device for a safety device for a socket
- FIG. 10 is a partial section in plan along the line X-X of the previous figure
- FIG. 11 schematically shows a socket fitted with a safety device according to yet another embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 12 schematically shows a transition socket fitted with a safety device
- FIG. 13 schematically shows another transition socket also fitted with a safety device.
- the socket 1 of FIG. 1 for a bulb with a screw base, comprises a threaded metal tube 10, inserted in an insulating support 11 as well as a central contact pad 12.
- a first contact terminal 100 receives the neutral conductor of the socket supply cable (not shown), while a second contact terminal 120 receives the phase conductor.
- the contact terminal 120 is directly connected to the central contact pad 12 while the contact terminal 100 is connected to the metal tube 10.
- FIGS 1, 2 and 3 show a screw socket 1 provided with a safety device 2 according to a first embodiment, consisting of an insulating safety disc 20.
- the central contact pad 12 is directly connected to terminal 120.
- the disc 20 consists essentially of an insulating material and is provided with several radial extensions 21, also insulating, each of said extensions 21 being housed in a recess 1 10 of the insulating support 1 1 and / or of the threaded tube 10.
- a spring means 22 is disposed between the bottom of the socket 1 and the disc 20, acting so as to move the disc 20 away from the bottom of the socket, respectively from the central contact pad 12.
- the insulating disc 20 comprises a pad of contact 200, arranged in the center of the disc 20 and passing through the disc in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the sleeve.
- the disc 20 further comprises a conductive track 201 on its underside, insulated relative to the patch 200. A possible trace of this conductive track 201 is visible in FIG. 3.
- the bottom of the socket comprises, in addition to the central stud 12, connected to terminal 120, two pads 13 and 14 arranged on either side of the central pad 12, facing portions of the conductive track 201.
- the pad 14 is connected to the neutral terminal 100, while the stud 13 is connected to the threaded tube 10.
- the metal parts easily accessible from the outside of the socket 1, conductive patch 200 and conductive tube 10, are thus completely galvanically isolated from the network.
- the disc 20 has been shown in FIG. 3 with four radial extensions 21, but it is obvious that it could include a different number.
- the disc 20 will be provided with at least two radial extensions 21.
- the spring means 22 may be arranged differently from what is shown here or replaced by any elastic means fulfilling the same function as that described.
- the two studs 13 and 14 can be arranged at any places on the bottom of the socket, the conductive track 201 having a shape suitable for establishing contact between these two studs.
- Such a safety device can also be adapted for a socket intended to receive a bulb with bayonet base.
- sockets for bayonet bulbs There are generally known two types of sockets for bayonet bulbs: a first type, generally used for an AC voltage, in which there is a central contact pad, similar to pad 12 described above and a smooth contact tube having the same electrical function that the threaded tube 10 described above and a second type, generally used for direct tension, comprising two contact pads arranged side by side at the bottom of the socket.
- the first type central stud and contact tube
- the construction and operation of the safety device are similar to what has been described above.
- the sockets of the second type two contact pads side by side
- the disc 20 will include two through contact pads, each being capable of bringing one of the pads into contact with the bottom base contact corresponding to the base of the 'bulb.
- FIG. 4A A second embodiment of a security device is visible in Figures 4, 4A and 5.
- the electrical connection between the threaded or conductive tube 10 and the contact terminal 100 is not cut by the movement of the disc 20, as described above, but by an independent auxiliary breaking means 4.
- This auxiliary cut-off means 4 consists, as can be seen in FIGS. 4, 4A and 5, of a lever or pusher 40, made of insulating material, capable of being moved radially in a bore 1 12 arranged in the insulating support 1 1 and the conductive tube 10.
- the bore 1 12 opens into a housing 1 13 arranged in the insulating support 1 1.
- the rear portion of the pusher 40 comprises a pad or a contact element 400, a stop ring 41 and an elastic means, for example a spring 42, capable of pushing the pusher 40 radially towards the interior of the conductive tube 10
- the movement of movement of the pusher 40 is limited by the stop ring 41.
- a second pad or contact element 401 is disposed in the housing 1 13, opposite the pad 400.
- One of the two pads, preferably the pad 401 is directly electrically connected to the contact terminal 100, while the other pad, preferably the pad 400, is directly electrically connected to the conductive tube
- the spring 42 pushes the pusher 40 inward, thereby separating the two pads or contact elements 400 and 401 interrupting the neutral electrical circuit connecting the contact terminal 100 to the conductive tube 10.
- the phase circuit is interrupted as before by the elevation of the insulating disc 20.
- FIG. 6 Another embodiment of a safety socket is visible in Figure 6.
- This safety socket includes the devices described above, arranged so that there is a double break both on the phase circuit and on the neutral circuit. Such an arrangement can be useful in certain cases where the safety socket is used in a humid atmosphere or environment.
- the socket is similar to that described above with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3, except that it additionally comprises an auxiliary cut-off device 4 as described with regard to FIGS. 4 and 5 with the difference that this cut-off device auxiliary is interposed between the contact terminal 120 and the contact pad 12.
- this cut-off device auxiliary is interposed between the contact terminal 120 and the contact pad 12.
- Figure 7 shows yet another embodiment of a safety socket in which the phase circuit is secured as before by a first auxiliary cut-off device 4 followed by, disc 20, while a second auxiliary cut-off device 4, is inserted in the neutral circuit.
- This provides security maximum, in particular in the case where the disc 20 has been forced or broken as well as when the sleeve works in a humid atmosphere or environment.
- the other embodiments mentioned can be adapted to bayonet sockets of one or other of the types described.
- the spring means 42 can be arranged differently from what is shown in the figure, which can be replaced by any elastic device having an equivalent effect, or the same effect of connection and disconnection of two contact pads can be obtained by a tilting lever, one end of which projects into the threaded tube or any isolated actuating device having an equivalent effect.
- the conductive tube 10, threaded or smooth can be replaced by an insulating tube having the function of fixing the bulb, while the power supply function can be obtained by a tongue or any conductive portion disposed on said insulating tube and able to come into contact with the base of a bulb introduced into the socket.
- an additional device locking the disc 20 in a position remote from the central stud 12 may be appropriate so as to prevent the disc 20 from being able to be moved by pressing it in with a finger or a tool, without a bulb being inserted into the socket.
- a first version of a locking device 5 is shown schematically in plan in Figure 3 and in elevation in Figure 8.
- the locking device 5 consists here of a lever 50 mounted on a pivot 51 adapted to pivot about an axis 511 perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the sleeve as well as to slide along said axis 511.
- the lever 50 comprises a shoulder 52 comprising an inclined plane 520 and a flat 521 as well as a push button 510 protruding from the external wall of the socket.
- the device is completed with a first elastic means, for example a spring 53, shown here by a leaf spring, capable of holding the lever 50 in the locking position parallel to the longitudinal axis of the sleeve, as well as a second elastic means, for example a spring 54, capable of pushing the lever 50 radially, respectively the push button 510 outwards.
- the lever 50 is able to pivot by a determined angle around the axis 51 1 and to slide by a determined value, in a housing 114 arranged for this purpose in the insulating support 11.
- the nearest radial extension 21 of the locking device 5 comprises a notch 210, turned towards the side of the locking device and of width slightly greater than the thickness of the lever 50.
- the disc 20 is thus locked in position such that contact with the central contact pad 12 is impossible.
- the disc 20 is unlocked and can be lowered towards the bottom of the socket during the introduction of the bulb in order to allow the central stud 12 to come into contact with the bottom contact of the bulb base, the studs 13 and 14 respectively with the track conductive 201.
- the locking device 6 operates in a manner quite similar to that which has just been described above, the difference being that the unlocking takes place automatically when inserting a bulb into the socket.
- the device 6 is provided with a pusher 60, similar to the pusher 40 described previously with reference to FIG. 4, the end of the pusher 60 disposed in the recess 113 carrying a lever 61 provided like the lever 50 seen more top of a stop flat. In this case, the movement of the lever 61 to unlock the disc 20 is made radially outward.
- the base pushes the pusher 60 outwards, in opposition to the elastic means represented by the spring 62, as described above with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5.
- the lever 61 is thus moved towards the free end of the extension 21 or the notch 210 which is arranged therein, so as to release the extension 21 retained by the flat, respectively allow the disc 20 to move towards the bottom of the socket.
- the disc 20 is pushed by the spring 22 until the extensions 21 come into abutment against the shoulders 1 1 1, the complete withdrawal of the bulb releasing the pusher 60, which under the effect of the spring 62 blocks the extension 21 under the flat portion of the lever 61.
- the locking means 6 are actuated automatically during introduction or removing a bulb and therefore do not require any manipulation for their activation.
- edges of the elements of the locking device in operational contact for example the edge of the radial extension 21 in contact with the lever 50 or 61 according to one or other of the versions described, are formed, for example bevelled or rounded, so as to facilitate the sliding of these elements between them.
- the upper portions of the guide recesses 1 13 may each include an additional recess, disposed on a portion of the periphery of the sleeve, perpendicular to the corresponding guide recess, the disc 20 further comprising at least one control lever.
- the lever for example a radial extension of an extension 21, accessible from outside the sleeve, said lever allowing, when the disc is in the abutment position in the upper portion of the guide recesses, to rotate it by a portion of turn so as to engage the extensions in the additional recesses, so as to lock the disc, a pivoting in the opposite direction making it possible to unlock it.
- Said lever can be actuated manually or using a tool.
- the pusher 60 of FIGS. 9 and 10 one could for example have a pivoting lever, controlling the lever 61, and one end of which would project into the threaded conductive tube 10 or any other isolated actuation device.
- the safety device 4 comprising, as described above, a pusher 40 projecting inside the conductive tube 10 is of construction quite similar to the locking device 6 which has just been described.
- These two devices can therefore advantageously be grouped under a common device, the actuation of the pusher by the introduction of a bulb base ensuring on the one hand an electrical contact and on the other hand unlocking the insulating disc 20.
- Figure 1 1 shows another safety device 7 for detecting the presence or absence of a bulb 3 in the socket.
- the device 7 instead of detecting the presence or absence of the base 30 in the threaded tube as described so far, the device 7 detects the presence or the absence of the glass 32 of the bulb 3.
- This safety device is particularly useful in order to prevent a portion of the bulb 3 remaining under tension when the glass 32 is broken, in particular by vandalism.
- the safety device 7 here consists of at least one lever or pusher 70, able under the effect of an elastic means, for example a spring 71, to detect the presence or absence of the glass 32.
- the pusher 70 is housed in a recess 1 15 of the insulating support 1 1 and is capable of sliding parallel to the longitudinal axis of the sleeve.
- the spring 71 pushes the pusher 70 outwards, respectively in the direction of the glass 32 so that a first end 72 of the pusher can come into contact with the glass 32.
- the other end of the pusher 70 is provided with a contact means 73 capable of establishing an electrical connection with a second contact means 74.
- Figure 1 1 shows yet another safety device 8, independent of the previous one, consisting of a micro fuse 80 mounted on the circuit connecting the phase terminal 120 and the central contact pad 12.
- the micro fuse 80 can be changed from the outside of the socket.
- the safety device 7 for detecting the glass 32 can be used alone, but preferably in combination with one or the other of the safety devices described above.
- the safety device 8 by micro fuse 80 is generally used in combination with one or the other of the safety devices described above.
- a safety socket according to one or other of the embodiments or variants described finds numerous applications.
- a socket mounted on a luminaire intended for a children's room.
- Several safety sockets can also be mounted in parallel, or in series in the case of a direct supply current, so as to form a light garland, for decoration or for the protection of a site for example. In this case, these garlands being quite often subject to vandalism, subsequent electrocution can be avoided.
- FIG. 12 shows a transition socket 9 comprising a first conductive threaded tube 90, inside of which there is an insulating body 91 and a second conductive threaded tube 92.
- the bulb whose diameter base is adapted to the diameter of the second threaded tube 92 is screwed into this second threaded tube while the transition sleeve itself is screwed into another sleeve adapted to the diameter of the first threaded tube 90.
- the two threaded tubes 90 and 92 are directly electrically connected and the central contact pad 12 is directly electrically connected to the base socket contact 93.
- Such a transition socket makes it possible to have a bulb having a base corresponding to the diameter of the second threaded tube 92 in a socket having a diameter corresponding to that of the first threaded tube
- a safety device 2 corresponding to the first embodiment described above has been provided, for example, a disc 20 provided with its contact pad 200 as well as conductive track 201 and operating exactly as described above.
- the phase contact terminal 120 is replaced by the base contact 93, while the neutral contact terminal 100 is replaced by the first conductive threaded tube 90.
- the transition bushing 9 in FIG. 13 is different from that which has just been described in that the diameter of the first threaded tube 90 corresponds to that of the second threaded tube 92.
- Such a transition bushing would have no use in itself, unless it is provided with a safety device according to one or the other of the embodiments or variants described above.
- a transition socket therefore makes it possible to transform a normal socket into a safety socket.
- the safety device is similar to that described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5, except that the phase contact terminal 120 is replaced by the base contact 93, while the neutral contact terminal 100 is replaced by the first conductive threaded tube 90.
- a transition sleeve 9, of any type, either with or without variation in diameter can be equipped with one or more safety devices as described above, according to one or the other of the embodiments or variants mentioned for a safety socket.
- a transition sleeve 9 of any type will be provided with a locking means of known technique, shown diagrammatically at 900 in FIGS. 12 and 13, allowing when the transition sleeve is mounted in another sleeve, make this assembly non-removable or more difficult to dismantle.
- transition sockets provided with screw caps to transition sockets provided with bayonet caps.
- transition sockets provided with bayonet caps The adaptation of this teaching to transition sockets allowing to pass from a screw socket to a bayonet lamp base or vice versa is also evident.
- the safety or transition sockets described here apply particularly well to installations operating at normalized standard voltage, for example at 220V, but they could also be used for installations operating at higher or lower voltage, as well as to all the usual frequencies.
Landscapes
- Details Of Connecting Devices For Male And Female Coupling (AREA)
- Fastening Of Light Sources Or Lamp Holders (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Arrangement Of Elements, Cooling, Sealing, Or The Like Of Lighting Devices (AREA)
- Connecting Device With Holders (AREA)
- Control Of Combustion (AREA)
- Pens And Brushes (AREA)
- Circuit Arrangement For Electric Light Sources In General (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP00910485A EP1173906B1 (en) | 1999-05-03 | 2000-03-29 | Safety socket |
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP99810372A EP1050936A1 (en) | 1999-05-03 | 1999-05-03 | Safety bulb holder |
EP99810372 | 1999-05-03 | ||
CH138099 | 1999-07-27 | ||
CH138099 | 1999-07-27 | ||
PCT/CH2000/000183 WO2000067349A1 (en) | 1999-05-03 | 2000-03-29 | Safety socket |
EP00910485A EP1173906B1 (en) | 1999-05-03 | 2000-03-29 | Safety socket |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1173906A1 true EP1173906A1 (en) | 2002-01-23 |
EP1173906B1 EP1173906B1 (en) | 2004-10-20 |
Family
ID=25687498
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP00910485A Expired - Lifetime EP1173906B1 (en) | 1999-05-03 | 2000-03-29 | Safety socket |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6491534B1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1173906B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE280444T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU3270100A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2373092C (en) |
DE (1) | DE60015113D1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2000067349A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6652305B1 (en) * | 2002-12-30 | 2003-11-25 | Difusco Frank | Socket to accommodate standard screw based light bulb |
US7244148B2 (en) * | 2004-07-23 | 2007-07-17 | Ford Global Technologies Llc | Circuit disconnect assembly |
DK200501590A (en) * | 2005-11-15 | 2006-04-03 | Poulsen Carsten Hornshoej | Touch-safe socket |
US7413456B1 (en) | 2006-11-14 | 2008-08-19 | Difusco Frank | Quick connect light bulb socket |
US7618288B1 (en) | 2007-03-01 | 2009-11-17 | Difusco Frank | Quick connect spring-clamp light bulb socket |
CN101938078B (en) * | 2010-07-15 | 2014-07-09 | 常州市福兴电器有限公司 | Safe lamp holder |
US8419458B2 (en) * | 2010-04-06 | 2013-04-16 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Tubular connection system facilitating nonrotating signal conductor connection and method |
US8167637B1 (en) * | 2011-02-11 | 2012-05-01 | Joti Projkovski | Shock free bulb insert |
US8668504B2 (en) | 2011-07-05 | 2014-03-11 | Dave Smith Chevrolet Oldsmobile Pontiac Cadillac, Inc. | Threadless light bulb socket |
US9130289B2 (en) * | 2012-08-02 | 2015-09-08 | Google Inc. | Power connector |
US9281622B2 (en) * | 2012-12-07 | 2016-03-08 | Commscope, Inc. Of North Carolina | Communications jacks having low-coupling contacts |
US9478929B2 (en) * | 2014-06-23 | 2016-10-25 | Ken Smith | Light bulb receptacles and light bulb sockets |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US656284A (en) * | 1899-09-02 | 1900-08-21 | Siemens & Halske Elec Co Usa | System of non-interchangeable contact parts. |
SE337063B (en) * | 1970-03-11 | 1971-07-26 | E Stroem | |
CH648699A5 (en) * | 1979-10-10 | 1985-03-29 | Neuenschwander & Co Ag | BULB SOCKET WITH TOUCH-PROOF VOLTAGE. |
EP0030128A1 (en) * | 1979-11-30 | 1981-06-10 | Park Royal Porcelain Company Limited | Electrical sockets |
US4456322A (en) * | 1981-04-28 | 1984-06-26 | Ferroni Frank A L | Lamp wattage limiting device |
AU4405085A (en) * | 1984-05-25 | 1985-12-31 | Kudos Lighting Ltd. | Lampholder |
US5573419A (en) * | 1994-12-22 | 1996-11-12 | Chen; Ming-Hsiung | Safety lampholder for Christmas tree light sets and the like |
IT1280177B1 (en) * | 1995-05-26 | 1998-01-05 | Gabriele Centazzo | ANTI-ACCIDENT LAMPHOLDER |
US6322380B1 (en) * | 2000-08-14 | 2001-11-27 | Martin E. Conroy | Safety light socket |
-
2000
- 2000-03-29 AU AU32701/00A patent/AU3270100A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-03-29 AT AT00910485T patent/ATE280444T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-03-29 DE DE60015113T patent/DE60015113D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-03-29 CA CA002373092A patent/CA2373092C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-03-29 EP EP00910485A patent/EP1173906B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-03-29 US US09/980,558 patent/US6491534B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-03-29 WO PCT/CH2000/000183 patent/WO2000067349A1/en active IP Right Grant
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO0067349A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE60015113D1 (en) | 2004-11-25 |
WO2000067349A1 (en) | 2000-11-09 |
AU3270100A (en) | 2000-11-17 |
US6491534B1 (en) | 2002-12-10 |
EP1173906B1 (en) | 2004-10-20 |
CA2373092A1 (en) | 2000-11-09 |
CA2373092C (en) | 2004-05-25 |
ATE280444T1 (en) | 2004-11-15 |
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