EP1170547B1 - Elliptischer Scheinwerfer für eine Strassenbeleuchtung mit verbesserter Niedrig-Photometrie - Google Patents

Elliptischer Scheinwerfer für eine Strassenbeleuchtung mit verbesserter Niedrig-Photometrie Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1170547B1
EP1170547B1 EP01401648A EP01401648A EP1170547B1 EP 1170547 B1 EP1170547 B1 EP 1170547B1 EP 01401648 A EP01401648 A EP 01401648A EP 01401648 A EP01401648 A EP 01401648A EP 1170547 B1 EP1170547 B1 EP 1170547B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
edge
headlight according
occulting
headlight
light
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Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01401648A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1170547A1 (de
EP1170547B2 (de
Inventor
Pierre Albou
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Valeo Vision SAS
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Valeo Vision SAS
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Application filed by Valeo Vision SAS filed Critical Valeo Vision SAS
Priority to DE60131600T priority Critical patent/DE60131600T3/de
Publication of EP1170547A1 publication Critical patent/EP1170547A1/de
Publication of EP1170547B1 publication Critical patent/EP1170547B1/de
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/40—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by screens, non-reflecting members, light-shielding members or fixed shades
    • F21S41/43—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by screens, non-reflecting members, light-shielding members or fixed shades characterised by the shape thereof

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates to projectors of the elliptical genre for motor vehicles, and in particular to such a headlamp, designed to generate a driving beam.
  • a projector of the elliptical kind mainly comprises a recuperating mirror and concentrator of the ellipsoidal kind, having a first focal region in which is placed a light source, such as the filament of an incandescent lamp or the arc of a discharge lamp, and a second focal region in which a light concentration spot is formed after reflecting light from the source onto the mirror.
  • a projector also comprises a convergent lens, typically plane-convex, focused in the vicinity of the second focal region of the mirror and capable of projecting on the road the aforementioned light spot.
  • Such a projector is well suited to obtaining a beam delimited by an upper cut, such as a passing beam.
  • an upper cut such as a passing beam.
  • a type of headlight to form a driving beam, that is to say a beam having a concentration point in the axis of the road, but also a certain width and a certain thickness.
  • One solution for reducing the size of the lamp hole is to mount the lamp further back, relative to the general direction of light emission, so that only its bulb has to go through the lamp hole, but the base is located further back.
  • the lamp-hole size can be reduced, even if a safety distance must be respected around the bulb of the lamp to avoid unwanted heating of the mirror in this region.
  • a short focal distance is the direct consequence of a minimization of the lateral and vertical dimensions of the headlamp. and on the other hand the recoil of the lamp with respect to the mirror, causing the light source to be further back in the mirror.
  • This short focal length causes the mirror to generate, due to the non-point dimensions of the source (typically a cylinder of some 5 mm in length and about 1 mm in diameter) a significant spot of light concentration.
  • the source typically a cylinder of some 5 mm in length and about 1 mm in diameter
  • One solution to overcome this drawback could be to provide at the light spot before projection cache similar to those used in the crossing headlamps, but in an upside down position, so as to obscure the light illuminating the road too close to the vehicle.
  • the present invention aims to overcome these disadvantages and limitations of the state of the art.
  • the present invention aims to provide means capable of ensuring a gradual decrease in light as this light illuminates areas of the road closer and closer to the vehicle.
  • Another object of the invention is to achieve this objective without giving rise to undesirable coloring of the light due to the fact that, by nature, a lens deviates differently the radiation according to the wavelength thereof (phenomenon of chromatism).
  • the present invention aims at resorting to an occultation of the light which is carried out at a distance from the focal surface of the lens (a plane for a perfect lens - but a kind of dome, whose focus FL constitutes the summit, for an imperfect lens such as a spherical plane). But at the same time it aims to ensure that, despite such a defocusing of the cache, there is no witnessing phenomena of undesirable coloring of the beam.
  • the present invention provides an elliptical projector for a motor vehicle according to claim 1.
  • FIG. 2 there is shown schematically a projector which comprises in itself known manner a lamp 10 constituting a light source, in this case by its incandescent filament 11.
  • This lamp is mounted in a bottom hole 21 of a mirror 20 of the elliptical kind, such as an ellipsoid of revolution.
  • the filament 11 is disposed in the first focal region F1 of the mirror, so as to form in the second focal region F2 thereof a light spot.
  • the projector also comprises a lens 30, here a plano-convex lens whose axis is coincident with the major axis of the mirror passing through the first and second focal regions (this axis, designated by xx, being hereinafter referred to as " "optical axis of the projector") and whose focus FL is at the second focal region F2 of the mirror.
  • the lens 30 projects to infinity on the road the light spot present in the region F2, as described above with reference to FIG.
  • this headlamp is equipped with a specific mask 40 which is placed above the horizontal plane passing through the optical axis xx and having the property of having at least two active edges to selectively obscure certain components of the light. from the mirror (in contrast to conventional covers used in crossover projectors, which generally extend vertically and have a single upper - optically active edge.
  • FIG. 3 A first embodiment of this cover is illustrated in FIG. 3. It comprises an amount 41 having, if necessary, a concealment role, but whose main purpose is to ensure the mechanical retention of the useful part of the cover on the structure of the cover.
  • projector by example on an intermediate part of the projector, not described but conventional in itself, coming together to fix the mirror and the lens.
  • the cover 40 may be made in one piece with this intermediate piece.
  • the cover 40 also includes an oblique occultation portion 42, which extends downwardly and rearwardly from the projector, from a front edge 43b, located vertically above the point F constituting at the same time the second focal point F2 of the mirror 20 and the focus FL of the lens, and towards a rear edge 43a ("before” and “backward” are understood throughout the description with respect to the general direction of emission defined by the optical axis xx). It is thus observed that the two edges 43a, 43b are spaced along the optical axis.
  • the concealment portion of the cover is a profile extending in the horizontal direction and transverse to the optical axis xx, that is to say that the edges 43a, 43b are themselves horizontal and parallel to the optical axis.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates, by the lines of a set of light rays R, that the two edges 43a, 43b of the occulting portion 42 have two independent roles with respect to the light radiation, the rear edge 43a occultation (shadow zone Z0) at a determined level for the descending rays while the front edge 43b performs a ZO occultation at a determined level for the rising rays.
  • This form of new cache has been designed primarily to seek a gradual attenuation of light. More precisely, knowing that there is a variety of light rays, amounts or descendants, which participate in the formation of light at a given height in the beam, such a cache allows for a gradual occultation of light, acting differently on the rising rays and on the descending rays.
  • Figure 4 of the drawings is a graph whose abscissa indicates the slope of the light down (0 ° corresponding to the horizon, and the values indicated corresponding to the inclination of the light below the horizon ), and whose ordinate indicates the proportion of light transmitted at the output of the projector (downstream of the lens 30) as a function of the aforementioned inclination, the number 1 indicating that all the light passes and the number 0 indicating that no light passes.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates a second embodiment of the invention, aimed at reducing the chromatism, especially in the region of the bottom of the beam.
  • the cover 40 of FIG. 5 has a generally horizontal occulting portion 42 extending above the hearth F, a first edge 43a of which is located behind said hearth and a second edge 43b of which is located in front by relative to that same home.
  • Figure 6 shows that the three attenuation curves (in the red, in the blue and median) are extremely close to each other on any the angular extent of the fuzzy cut, and especially in the vicinity of 0 °, so that no phenomenon of chromaticism is in practice perceived by the driver in the axis of the road.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates a third embodiment of the cover, which is different from that of FIG. 5, principally in that the cover 42 has a very slight inclination, descending forwards, with respect to the horizontal plane passing through the axis optical xx.
  • FIG. 8 The corresponding behavior with regard to progressive attenuation is illustrated in FIG. 8, where a result similar to that of FIG. 6 is observed, but greater in the sense that for an inclination of 3 ° towards the bottom, the coincidence of curves for red and blue is perfect.
  • FIGS. 9 and 10 illustrate, for their part, the attenuation behaviors obtained for different parameterizations of the covers of FIGS. 5 and 7. It can be seen that the angle at which the attenuation starts (here 0 °, to leave a greater amount of light in the axis of the road.
  • FIG. 11 illustrates a fourth embodiment of a cover according to the invention, in which the concealment portion 42 is characterized by three useful edges 43a, 43b, 43c.
  • the cover as a whole has the shape of an asymmetrical "V", with a high rear edge 43a, a low intermediate edge 43b and a high front edge 43c, these edges being interconnected in this case by portions 42a, 42b with straight cross-sections.
  • the front edge 43c is here at perpendicular to the focus F, the entire occulting portion 42 extending rearwardly from this focus.
  • the rear edge 43a acts on the radiation which is more downwardly inclined than the portion 42a
  • the front edge 43c acts on the radiation which is more upwardly inclined than the portion 42b
  • the intermediate edge 43b acts on the radiation having an intermediate inclination between these extreme inclinations.
  • This approach makes it possible, as illustrated in FIGS. 12 and 13, to provide a global attenuation law similar to a sinusoid, and thus an excellent progressivity of the blur of the cutoff.
  • FIG. 14 illustrates a fifth embodiment of the invention, similar to that of FIG. 11, but distinguished from it by the fact that the portions 42a, 42b of the concealment portion of the cache meet not at the level of FIG. a sharp edge 43b, but at a smooth transition curve (area 42c, for example section shaped arcuate).
  • edges 43a, 43c play the same roles as before, but at the edge 43b is substituted for an area 42c constituting in fact an infinity of blackout edges 43b, variable according to the inclination of the neighboring light.
  • the low point of the zone 42c constitutes an occulting edge vis-à-vis the radiation that propagates horizontally.
  • FIG. 15 shows that the attenuation law here has a look quite different from that of FIG. 12, with attenuation first limited to the near vicinity of the axis of the road (0 °) then to intensifies as the projected radiation is tilted downward.
  • this embodiment allows to leave a greater amount of light near the vicinity of the road axis, for a good visual comfort of the driver.
  • the sixth embodiment, shown in Fig. 17, is again similar to that of Fig. 11 in that the obscuration portion 42 has three optically active sharp edges, 43a, 43b, and 43c, respectively.
  • the essential difference lies in that the front edge 43c on the one hand is at a height close to that of the intermediate edge 43b above the optical axis xx, and on the other hand is forward with respect to the position of the focus F on said axis xx.
  • the objective here is to obtain attenuation curves similar to those of FIGS. 12 et seq., But at the same time limiting or avoiding unwanted colorings of the beam, in particular in its low region.
  • V shape of the portions 42b1, 42b2 which join the edges 43, 43c is here inoperative; it could for example be also a straight line, or a concavity arc of a circle facing down.
  • the seventh embodiment illustrated in FIG. 19 constitutes an intermediate embodiment between that of FIG. 14 (rounded edge) and that of FIG. 17 (overall arrangement of the edges).
  • the occulting portion 42 has a rear edge 43a, a front edge 43c and a curved intermediate region 42c which defines an infinity of blackout edges 43c, according to the inclination of the light which passes in its vicinity (see above).
  • FIG. 20 The shape of the attenuation obtained is illustrated in FIG. 20, and shows an intermediate behavior between those of the covers of FIGS. 14 and 17.
  • Fig. 21 illustrates an eighth embodiment of the invention, which is similar in principle to that of Fig. 17, with a different parameterization.
  • the attenuation achieved is practically nil up to about 1 ° below the horizon, to retain more light in the axis of the road, then adopt a similar pace, in a limited angular interval, to that of Figure 18, and this for all wavelengths so that no coloration of the beam at the beginning of the attenuation is encountered.
  • the cover 40 it is possible to design the cover 40 to effect an attenuation from negative inclination values (rising light) of the light (in particular in the case where the maximum concentration of the beam in the absence of a cache is not in the the axis of the road (0 °), but slightly above it (for example at about 1 ° above), in particular the embodiment of FIG. an attenuation that begins for projected light inclination values of the order of -1 °. Examples of such attenuations are illustrated in Figures 25 and 26 of the drawings.
  • the corresponding figures have been indicated in millimeters.
  • the attenuation curves have been modeled with the forms of caches as precisely illustrated, for an example a glass lens 30 with flat inner face and spherical outer surface, with a useful radius of the lens of 72 mm, a median draw 44 mm, a print of 44.5 mm in the red and a print of 43.5 mm in the blue.
  • the various exemplary embodiments illustrated show that it is generally possible to achieve it by simply folding a thin sheet such as a steel sheet. Any other manufacturing technique and any other material can of course be considered, depending in particular on the required accuracy and resistance to the high temperature that prevails within such a projector.
  • caches all having a uniform cross section along their horizontal extent transverse to the axis xx, it is of course possible to vary this section, in shape, in size, in position, etc ... as one moves along the cache horizontally and transversely to the axis xx.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)

Claims (19)

  1. Ellipsoid-Scheinwerfer für Kraftfahrzeuge, mit einem strahlungssammelnden und -bündelnden Reflektor (20) vom ellipsoiden Typ, der einen ersten Brennweitenbereich (F1), in dem eine Lichtquelle (11) angeordnet ist, und einen zweiten Brennweitenbereich (F2) aufweist, in dem sich ein konzentrierter Lichtfleck nach Reflexion des von der Lichtquelle abgegebenen Lichts am Reflektor bildet, und der ferner eine in der Nähe des zweiten Brennweitenbereichs des Reflektors fokussierte Sammellinse (30) aufweist, die den konzentrierten Lichtfleck auf die Straße zu projizieren vermag, wobei der Reflektor und die Linse eine optische Achse (x-x) des Scheinwerfers definieren und der Scheinwerfer ferner eine Blende (42) umfasst, die einen Teil des Lichts abzuschatten vermag, das sich zwischen dem Reflektor und der Linse ausbreitet, und in ihrer Gesamtheit über dem zweiten Brennweitenbereich (F2) angeordnet ist und wenigstens zwei jeweils einen Rand bildende Abschattungsbereiche (43a, 43b) besitzt, die in Richtung der optischen Achse voneinander beabstandet sind und jeweils gleichzeitig einen bestimmten Teil des Lichts abzuschatten vermögen, wobei einer (43b) der Ränder im Wesentlichen lotrecht zu einem Brennpunkt (F) der Linse angeordnet ist oder die Ränder (43a, 43b) hinter bzw. vor dem Brennpunkt (F) der Linse in Richtung der optischen Achse angeordnet sind.
  2. Scheinwerfer nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die voneinander beabstandeten Abschattungsbereiche jeweils einen scharfkantigen Rand (43a, 43b) bilden.
  3. Scheinwerfer nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die voneinander beabstandeten Abschattungsbereiche jeweils einen gekrümmten Rand bilden.
  4. Scheinwerfer nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die voneinander beabstandeten Abschattungsbereiche einen scharfkantigen Rand (43a) bzw. einen gekrümmten Rand (43c) bilden.
  5. Scheinwerfer nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 4,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die beiden Ränder (43a, 43b) auf gleicher Höhe liegen.
  6. Scheinwerfer nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 4,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ränder (43a, 43b) auf unterschiedlicher Höhe liegen.
  7. Scheinwerfer nach Anspruch 6,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein vorderer Rand (43b) tiefer liegt als der hintere Rand (43a).
  8. Scheinwerfer nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der im Wesentlichen lotrecht zum Brennpunkt der Linse angeordnete Rand der vordere Rand (43b) ist.
  9. Scheinwerfer nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ränder (43a, 43b) in Richtung der optischen Achse im Wesentlichen in gleicher Entfernung zum Brennpunkt (F) der Linse liegen.
  10. Scheinwerfer nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 9,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Blende einen dritten mittleren Abschattungsbereich (43b) zwischen dem ersten und dem zweiten Abschattungsbereich (43a, 43c) aufweist.
  11. Scheinwerfer nach Anspruch 10,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der mittlere Abschattungsbereich (43b) einen scharfkantigen Rand bildet.
  12. Scheinwerfer nach Anspruch 10,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der mittlere Abschattungsbereich (43b) einen abgerundeten Rand bildet.
  13. Scheinwerfer nach einem der Ansprüche 10 bis 12,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich der durch den dritten mittleren Abschattungsbereich gebildete Rand (43b) im Wesentlichen auf gleicher Höhe mit einem der beiden Abschattungsbereiche (43a, 43c) befindet.
  14. Scheinwerfer nach einem der Ansprüche 10 bis 13,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der durch den dritten mittleren Abschattungsbereich gebildete Rand (43b) tiefer liegt als jeder der beiden Abschattungsbereiche (43a, 43c).
  15. Scheinwerfer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 14,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich die Blende (42) in einer allgemein horizontalen Richtung quer zur optischen Achse (x-x) erstreckt und über ihre gesamte Erstreckung den gleichen vertikalen Querschnitt aufweist.
  16. Scheinwerfer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 14,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich die Blende (42) in einer allgemein horizontalen Richtung quer zur optischen Achse (x-x) erstreckt und einen vertikalen Querschnitt aufweist, der sich entlang ihrer Erstreckung ändert.
  17. Scheinwerfer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 16,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Blende (42) aus gefalztem Blech gefertigt ist.
  18. Scheinwerfer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 17,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er einen eigenständigen Fernlichtscheinwerfer bildet.
  19. Scheinwerfer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 17,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er einen Aufschalt-Fernlichtscheinwerfer für ein Abblendlichtbündel bildet.
EP01401648A 2000-07-07 2001-06-21 Elliptischer Scheinwerfer für eine Strassenbeleuchtung mit verbesserter Niedrig-Photometrie Expired - Lifetime EP1170547B2 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE60131600T DE60131600T3 (de) 2000-07-07 2001-06-21 Elliptischer Scheinwerfer für eine Strassenbeleuchtung mit verbesserter Niedrig-Photometrie

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0008903A FR2811408B1 (fr) 2000-07-07 2000-07-07 Projecteur du genre elliptique notamment pour eclairage de route a photometrie basse amelioree
FR0008903 2000-07-07

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1170547A1 EP1170547A1 (de) 2002-01-09
EP1170547B1 true EP1170547B1 (de) 2007-11-28
EP1170547B2 EP1170547B2 (de) 2011-12-14

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EP01401648A Expired - Lifetime EP1170547B2 (de) 2000-07-07 2001-06-21 Elliptischer Scheinwerfer für eine Strassenbeleuchtung mit verbesserter Niedrig-Photometrie

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Country Link
US (1) US6561688B2 (de)
EP (1) EP1170547B2 (de)
JP (1) JP4587608B2 (de)
DE (1) DE60131600T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2298205T5 (de)
FR (1) FR2811408B1 (de)

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US7036969B2 (en) * 2003-12-04 2006-05-02 Guide Corporation Adverse weather headlamp system
FR2868828B1 (fr) * 2004-04-09 2007-03-16 Valeo Vision Sa Projecteur lumineux pour vehicule automobile avec faisceau a coupure, et ensemble de cache pour un tel projecteur
US20060006701A1 (en) * 2004-07-06 2006-01-12 Jason Wells System and method for rain detection and automatic operation of power roof and power windows
DE102005041196B4 (de) * 2005-08-31 2015-05-13 Hella Kgaa Hueck & Co. Projektionsscheinwerfer für Fahrzeuge
JP2008276955A (ja) * 2007-04-25 2008-11-13 Ichikoh Ind Ltd 車両用前照灯
AT516836B1 (de) 2015-04-10 2016-09-15 Zizala Lichtsysteme Gmbh Beleuchtungsvorrichtung mit Strahlenblende sowie Kraftfahrzeugscheinwerfer
JP6866795B2 (ja) * 2017-07-26 2021-04-28 市光工業株式会社 車両用灯具

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2811408B1 (fr) 2002-10-18
JP2002063805A (ja) 2002-02-28
FR2811408A1 (fr) 2002-01-11
DE60131600T3 (de) 2012-04-19
DE60131600D1 (de) 2008-01-10
US20020003709A1 (en) 2002-01-10
EP1170547A1 (de) 2002-01-09
ES2298205T5 (es) 2012-03-02
US6561688B2 (en) 2003-05-13
ES2298205T3 (es) 2008-05-16
EP1170547B2 (de) 2011-12-14
JP4587608B2 (ja) 2010-11-24
DE60131600T2 (de) 2008-10-23

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