EP0439406B1 - Scheinwerfer mit verbesserter Lichtquelle - Google Patents

Scheinwerfer mit verbesserter Lichtquelle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0439406B1
EP0439406B1 EP91400157A EP91400157A EP0439406B1 EP 0439406 B1 EP0439406 B1 EP 0439406B1 EP 91400157 A EP91400157 A EP 91400157A EP 91400157 A EP91400157 A EP 91400157A EP 0439406 B1 EP0439406 B1 EP 0439406B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reflector
situated
window
focus
mask
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91400157A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0439406A1 (de
Inventor
Eric Blusseau
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Valeo Vision SAS
Original Assignee
Valeo Vision SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Valeo Vision SAS filed Critical Valeo Vision SAS
Publication of EP0439406A1 publication Critical patent/EP0439406A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0439406B1 publication Critical patent/EP0439406B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/40—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by screens, non-reflecting members, light-shielding members or fixed shades
    • F21S41/43—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by screens, non-reflecting members, light-shielding members or fixed shades characterised by the shape thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/30—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by reflectors
    • F21S41/32—Optical layout thereof
    • F21S41/321—Optical layout thereof the reflector being a surface of revolution or a planar surface, e.g. truncated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/30—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by reflectors
    • F21S41/32—Optical layout thereof
    • F21S41/36—Combinations of two or more separate reflectors
    • F21S41/365—Combinations of two or more separate reflectors successively reflecting the light
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S41/162—Incandescent light sources, e.g. filament or halogen lamps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S41/17—Discharge light sources

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to a motor vehicle headlamp.
  • the contour of the emission is in close correlation with the physical configuration of the filament, and said physical configuration is generally established in a reproducible manner from one lamp to another, and with satisfactory accuracy.
  • Figure 1a of the drawings by a series of isoluminance curves, the diagram of the light emission of such a filament, in the general shape of a right cylinder.
  • lamps whose geometry of light emission does not have these qualities. They may first of all be filament lamps in which, for example for manufacturing-related reasons, the filament has either a shape or a position which can vary appreciably from one lamp to another, or even a poorly defined geometric shape, for example curved.
  • arc lamps renowned for their qualities in terms of light output and which we are now seeking to use in motor vehicle headlamps.
  • This type of lamp indeed has a configuration of light emission whose contours vary widely, either from one lamp to another, or within the same lamp depending on the state thereof (heating phase or stationary regime), and moreover the contours of the emission configuration of such a lamp are extremely diffuse and make it very difficult to obtain a cut of good sharpness with conventional means.
  • Figure 1b of the drawings similar to Figure 1a, the light emission of an arc established between two electrodes E1 and E2.
  • the "equivalent filament” is also represented by a rectangle, constituting the ideal light emission zone.
  • a very intense light radiation is emitted by zones located relatively far from the ideal rectangle, these malformations being translated by similar malformations at the level of the images of this source after reflection by the reflector.
  • Document DE-C-561 746 also discloses a projector comprising a first reflector capable of creating from a real source a virtual source located at the focus of a second reflector in the form of a semi-paraboloid which is located below said first reflector.
  • a pierced horizontal mask separates these two reflectors.
  • the piercing of this mask is only described as allowing the concentration of the emitted beam to be varied. In other words, we play in this case on the size of the virtual source to vary the concentration of the emitted beam. Furthermore, no application to cut-off beams is mentioned.
  • the present invention aims to overcome the drawbacks and limitations of the prior art and to propose a headlamp which makes it possible to use, with reflectors of the type defined above, a source whose geometry can be poorly defined, without however the quality of the light beam obtained is not significantly degraded.
  • the headlight as described in document DE-C-561 746 is extremely bulky in a direction transverse to the general direction of the beam, therefore in the vertical direction of the assembly.
  • the present invention also aims to propose a projector with two reflectors and a virtual source whose transverse dimensions are not substantially increased compared to that of a single reflector projector of the parabolic type.
  • the invention provides a projector as defined in claim 2.
  • a motor vehicle headlight firstly comprises a substantially elongated light source, schematically indicated in 10. It may, for example, be an incandescent filament, the contours of which are ill-defined as indicated above, or else an arc generated within a discharge lamp.
  • the projector further comprises a first reflector 20, which is generally ellipsoidal in shape and which is characterized by its two foci F1 and F2.
  • the first focus F1 is located approximately in the center of the source 10.
  • the major axis of the ellipsoid extends essentially horizontally and perpendicular to the general direction of emission 0x of the projector. Furthermore, although it can be seen in FIG. 1 that the major axis of the ellipse is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction D of the source, this arrangement is entirely optional, the source possibly being able to be aligned on said major axis or take any other orientation.
  • a mask or mask 30 is interposed on the path of the light rays reflected by the first reflector 30, extending in a plane perpendicular to the major axis of the ellipsoid, passing over or in the vicinity of its second focus F2.
  • This mask has a window 32 which appears more clearly in FIG. 3.
  • This window is of generally rectangular shape, its long sides extending horizontally and its short sides vertically. It is positioned so that the focal point F2 is located substantially in the center of the rectangle, as illustrated.
  • the projector also comprises a second reflector 40, which is referenced on an optical axis Ox extending in the present example horizontally in the plane of the mask 30 and passing through the large lower side of the window 32.
  • This reflector 40 is intended to form the light beam of the projector from the radiation coming from the window 32. It is of the type capable of forming by itself a beam of given photometry, if necessary while respecting a well-defined cut-off. It may for example be half of a reflector as described in French patent application No. 2 597 575, the content of which is incorporated into the present description by reference and to which reference will be made for more details. . It will simply be recalled that such a reflector is capable of forming images of the light source with which it cooperates, which are all situated essentially below a standardized European cut-off, the highest points of these images being located in the vicinity of said cut. It should also be noted that, although only half a reflector is used, the entire beam is however defined.
  • the window 32 can have dimensions close to or different from those of a standardized filament. In particular, increased flow recovery can be obtained with a larger window. In this case, care is taken to adjust the parameters which govern the surface equation of the second reflector 40 to obtain the required beam.
  • this mask is preferably non-reflective on each of its faces. It can for example be covered with a matt black coating.
  • the headlight comprises a closing lens 50, which optionally comprises, if necessary, in a conventional manner, deflection streaks or prisms capable of widening the beam without altering the cut defined by the reflector.
  • the real light source 10 the contours of which are geometrically ill-defined, is used in combination with the first reflector 20 and the mask 30 to form at the focal point F2, in a well-positioned position. determined relative to the reference focal point (s) of the second reflector 40, a virtual light source whose contours are extremely well defined.
  • the images of this source, formed by the second reflector 40 are extremely clean and thus generate a beam having in all circumstances the desired characteristics.
  • variations in the light emission configuration of the real source 10 are overcome, either when the lamp is replaced or when it is brought to temperature.
  • the use according to the invention of a first reflector of the ellipsoidal type allows excellent recovery of the light flux emitted by the source.
  • the present invention can be used with second reflectors of any type.
  • any of the reflectors described in the Applicant's French patents cited in the introduction can be used.
  • the respective contents of these patents are in this respect included in the present description by reference.
  • the reflector 20, the real source 10 and the mask 20 must be designed and dimensioned so that at the level of the mask 30, at least part of the images of the source 10 created by the reflector 20 are larger than the window 32, that is to say that, for this type of image, said window is included or practically included in the contours of the image.
  • FIG. 4 shows a first alternative embodiment of the invention.
  • this window now has the form of a notch, the bottom of which occupies the position occupied by the large lower side of the rectangle in FIG. 3 , and whose two vertical sides are located in an upward extension of the two short sides of said rectangle.
  • the virtual source indicated in SV in FIG. 4 has a contour whose lower and extreme edges are defined perfectly, by the limits of the notch, and whose upper edge can be variable and depends on the configuration. of the light emission by the real source 10, as well as to a certain extent the design of the first reflector 20.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates, in a standardized projection plane on which the standardized European cut-off h′Hc has been represented, a certain number of images I of this virtual source, formed by the second reflector as indicated above.
  • This variant therefore makes it possible to increase the light intensity of the beam formed, without in any way compromising its photometric characteristics in terms of cutting.
  • Figure 6 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the projector of Figure 2.
  • This variant differs from the basic embodiment mainly in that the major axis of the ellipsoid defined by the first reflector 20 is located in a horizontal plane but inclined relative to to the optical axis Ox of the second reflector 40 with an angular value ⁇ which is substantially less than 90 °, and in this case of the order of 45 °.
  • the real source 10 is arranged in alignment with the major axis of the ellipsoid.
  • the mask 30 and its window 32 can keep the same shape as that which has been described above.
  • Such a variant makes it possible in certain cases to recover more easily the light flux emitted by the real source 10. More precisely, the whole of the solid angle ⁇ occupied by the second reflector 40 seen from the window 32 can be covered here without the first reflector does not extend in a possibly annoying way towards the rear of the projector, as is the case in FIG. 2. More precisely, the two reflectors fit in this case without problem in the contours of a projector traditional design, which is advantageous from the point of view of space.
  • the use of half ellipse, delimited by a plane of symmetry perpendicular to its major axis, may prove to be particularly preferable.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Kraftfahrzeugscheinwerfer, der eine Verbindung der folgenden Bestandteile umfaßt:
    - eine Lichtquelle (10), die aus dem Lichtbogen einer Entladungslampe besteht und keine definierte Geometrie aufweist,
    - einen ersten Reflektor (20) in Ellipsoid-Ausführung, dessen erster Brennpunkt (F1) sich in der Nähe der Lichtquelle befindet,
    - eine Abdeckung (30), die durch den zweiten Brennpunkt (F2) des ersten Reflektors verläuft und in dem Bereich des genannten zweiten Brennpunkts ein Fenster (32) für den Durchgang des Lichts aufweist, dessen Geometrie fest und vorbestimmt ist, so daß eine virtuelle Lichtquelle definiert wird, deren Abstrahlungskonfiguration im wesentlichen der genannten Geometrie entspricht und mindestens eine geradlinige Unterkante definiert,
    - einen zweiten Reflektor (40), der sich auf der anderen Seite der Abdeckung, bezogen auf den ersten Reflektor, befindet, wobei dieser zweite Reflektor (40) eine reflektierende Oberfläche umfaßt, die Bilder der virtuellen Lichtquelle erzeugt, deren höchste Punkte sich in unmittelbarer Nähe einer Hell-Dunkel-Grenze eines erzeugten Lichtbündels befinden.
  2. Kraftfahrzeugscheinwerfer, der die folgenden Bestandteile umfaßt:
    - eine Lichtquelle (10),
    - einen ersten Reflektor (20) in Ellipsoid-Ausführung, dessen erster Brennpunkt (F1) sich in der Nähe der Lichtquelle befindet,
    - eine Abdeckung (30), die durch den zweiten Brennpunkt (F2) des ersten Reflektors verläuft und in dem Bereich des genannten zweiten Brennpunkts ein Fenster (32) für den Durchgang des Lichts aufweist, dessen Geometrie fest und vorbestimmt ist, so daß eine virtuelle Lichtquelle definiert wird, deren Abstrahlungskonfiguration im wesentlichen der genannten Geometrie entspricht,
    - einen zweiten Reflektor (40), der sich auf der anderen Seite der Abdeckung, bezogen auf den ersten Reflektor, befindet und dessen Oberfläche selbsttätig die Position der Bilder der virtuellen Lichtquelle in Abhängigkeit von einer vorgegebenen Photometrie bestimmt,
    wobei die Gerade, die durch den ersten und den zweiten Brennpunkt (F1, F2) des ersten Reflektors hindurchgeht, schräg im Verhältnis zu einer optischen Achse des zweiten Reflektors verläuft.
  3. Scheinwerfer nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es sich bei der Lichtquelle (10) um den Lichtbogen einer Entladungslampe handelt.
  4. Scheinwerfer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der erste Reflektor (20) ein Ellipsoidabschnitt ist, dessen erster Brennpunkt (F1) sich in etwa in der Mitte der Lichtquelle (10) befindet und dessen zweiter Brennpunkt (F2) in etwa in der Mitte des Fensters (32) liegt.
  5. Scheinwerfer nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 4 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich die Abdeckung (30) in einer vertikalen Ebene (XOz) befindet.
  6. Scheinwerfer nach Anspruch 5 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich die Abdeckung in einer Ebene befindet, die durch eine optische Achse (Ox) des zweiten Reflektors (40) verläuft.
  7. Scheinwerfer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Fenster (32) eine rechteckige Form hat, deren Längsseiten horizontal verlaufen.
  8. Scheinwerfer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Fenster (32) die Form eines Einschnitts aufweist, der sich von einem horizontalen Boden aus vertikal nach oben erstreckt.
  9. Scheinwerfer nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Gerade, die durch den ersten und zweiten Brennpunkt (F1, F2) des ersten Reflektors hindurchgeht, in etwa senkrecht zu einer optischen Achse (Ox) des zweiten Reflektors verläuft.
  10. Scheinwerfer nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der zweite Reflektor (40) eine optische Achse (Ox) aufweist, die sich in der Ebene der Abdeckung (30) erstreckt, wobei sie durch die genannte geradlinige Unterkante des Fensters (32) verläuft, sowie einen Bezugsbrennpunkt (FO), der sich in einer bestimmten Position längs dieser Achse befindet.
EP91400157A 1990-01-26 1991-01-24 Scheinwerfer mit verbesserter Lichtquelle Expired - Lifetime EP0439406B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9000920 1990-01-26
FR9000920A FR2657680B1 (fr) 1990-01-26 1990-01-26 Projecteur de vehicule automobile comportant une source lumineuse perfectionnee.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0439406A1 EP0439406A1 (de) 1991-07-31
EP0439406B1 true EP0439406B1 (de) 1995-04-12

Family

ID=9393136

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91400157A Expired - Lifetime EP0439406B1 (de) 1990-01-26 1991-01-24 Scheinwerfer mit verbesserter Lichtquelle

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5124891A (de)
EP (1) EP0439406B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2651753B2 (de)
DE (1) DE69108753T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2072558T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2657680B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (26)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5414601A (en) * 1992-12-16 1995-05-09 General Electric Company Projection headlamp lighting system for projecting a wide spread controlled pattern of light
US5414600A (en) * 1993-07-30 1995-05-09 Cogent Light Technologies, Inc. Condensing and collecting optical system using an ellipsoidal reflector
US5715040A (en) * 1995-10-12 1998-02-03 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Illumination aperture of low intensity loss
US5630661A (en) * 1996-02-06 1997-05-20 Fox; Donald P. Metal arc flashlight
FR2774149B1 (fr) * 1998-01-28 2000-04-14 Valeo Vision Projecteur de vehicule automobile, comportant une source transversale et apte a engendrer un faisceau a coupure non rectiligne
FR2774151B1 (fr) 1998-01-28 2000-04-14 Valeo Vision Projecteur de vehicule automobile a source lumineuse virtuelle
FR2775230B1 (fr) * 1998-02-23 2000-05-12 Valeo Vision Ensemble perfectionne d'au moins un projecteur et d'un feu de signalisation, pour vehicule automobile
US6454442B1 (en) 1999-07-09 2002-09-24 David G. Changaris Device for soft irradiation
JP2001202805A (ja) * 2000-01-14 2001-07-27 Stanley Electric Co Ltd 灯 具
EP1146572A3 (de) * 2000-03-14 2005-03-23 Toyoda Gosei Co., Ltd. Lichtquellenvorrichtung
JP2001283614A (ja) * 2000-03-31 2001-10-12 Stanley Electric Co Ltd 光導管、光導管装置および該光導管、光導管装置を具備する車両用灯具
JP2001312905A (ja) * 2000-04-26 2001-11-09 Stanley Electric Co Ltd 車両用前照灯
JP4577602B2 (ja) * 2001-07-31 2010-11-10 岩崎電気株式会社 紫外線照射装置
EP1660808A1 (de) 2003-07-29 2006-05-31 Turhan Alcelik Scheinwerfer mit kontinuierlicher fernbeleuchtung ohne blendwirkungen
JP4264319B2 (ja) * 2003-09-24 2009-05-13 株式会社小糸製作所 車両用前照灯
FR2861831B1 (fr) * 2003-10-31 2006-01-20 Valeo Vision Module d'eclairage pour projecteur de vehicule
JP4536479B2 (ja) * 2003-12-02 2010-09-01 株式会社小糸製作所 車両用前照灯
JP4339153B2 (ja) * 2004-03-11 2009-10-07 株式会社小糸製作所 車両用灯具ユニット
WO2006107287A1 (en) * 2005-04-05 2006-10-12 Turhan Alcelik A headlamp with long-distance illumination without glaring effect
JP4468857B2 (ja) * 2005-05-17 2010-05-26 株式会社小糸製作所 車両用照明灯具
JP2008041557A (ja) * 2006-08-09 2008-02-21 Ichikoh Ind Ltd 車両用前照灯用の灯具ユニット
JP4798784B2 (ja) * 2006-09-25 2011-10-19 スタンレー電気株式会社 車両用灯具
DE102009038864B4 (de) * 2009-08-27 2021-11-25 Pictiva Displays International Limited Lampe zur Allgemeinbeleuchtung
IT1403474B1 (it) * 2010-12-03 2013-10-17 Beghelli Spa Sistema ottico collimante ad alta efficienza luminosa
JP5266607B2 (ja) * 2011-04-07 2013-08-21 スタンレー電気株式会社 車両前照灯
ITBZ20130057A1 (it) * 2013-11-19 2015-05-20 Aggiutorio Federico Nardone Sistema di illuminazione non abbagliante

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1300202A (en) * 1917-02-12 1919-04-08 Garfield Stubblefield Indirect-lighting apparatus.
DE561746C (de) * 1930-02-18 1932-10-18 Louis Rivier Dr Beleuchtungsvorrichtung, insbesondere Fahrzeugscheinwerfer
FR1214367A (fr) * 1958-11-14 1960-04-08 Projecteur de radiations
BE751262A (fr) * 1969-07-08 1970-11-16 Ducellier & Cie Dispositif d'eclairage, notamment pour vehicules automobiles
FR2492947A1 (fr) * 1980-10-29 1982-04-30 Gipelec Dispositif d'eclairage, notamment phare de bicyclette
FR2583139B1 (fr) * 1985-06-07 1989-02-03 Cibie Projecteurs Projecteur de croisement pour vehicule automobile

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0439406A1 (de) 1991-07-31
DE69108753D1 (de) 1995-05-18
JPH04212202A (ja) 1992-08-03
FR2657680B1 (fr) 1993-02-05
ES2072558T3 (es) 1995-07-16
DE69108753T2 (de) 1995-08-24
FR2657680A1 (fr) 1991-08-02
JP2651753B2 (ja) 1997-09-10
US5124891A (en) 1992-06-23

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