EP1169525A1 - Panneaux isoles par le vide - Google Patents

Panneaux isoles par le vide

Info

Publication number
EP1169525A1
EP1169525A1 EP00910871A EP00910871A EP1169525A1 EP 1169525 A1 EP1169525 A1 EP 1169525A1 EP 00910871 A EP00910871 A EP 00910871A EP 00910871 A EP00910871 A EP 00910871A EP 1169525 A1 EP1169525 A1 EP 1169525A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
vip
adhesive
polyolefin
vacuum insulating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP00910871A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Christian Kuckertz
Karl-Werner Dietrich
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bayer AG
Dow Produktions und Vertriebs GmbH and Co OHG
Original Assignee
Bayer AG
Wolff Walsrode AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bayer AG, Wolff Walsrode AG filed Critical Bayer AG
Publication of EP1169525A1 publication Critical patent/EP1169525A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B32B27/306—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl acetate or vinyl alcohol (co)polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/10—Coating on the layer surface on synthetic resin layer or on natural or synthetic rubber layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/20—Inorganic coating
    • B32B2255/205—Metallic coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2607/00—Walls, panels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
    • F16L59/06—Arrangements using an air layer or vacuum
    • F16L59/065—Arrangements using an air layer or vacuum using vacuum
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2201/00—Insulation
    • F25D2201/10—Insulation with respect to heat
    • F25D2201/12—Insulation with respect to heat using an insulating packing material
    • F25D2201/128—Insulation with respect to heat using an insulating packing material of foil type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2201/00—Insulation
    • F25D2201/10—Insulation with respect to heat
    • F25D2201/14—Insulation with respect to heat using subatmospheric pressure

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to vacuum insulation panels with improved insulation performance, a gas diffusion-tight plastic film suitable for producing such vacuum insulation panels and the use of such vacuum insulation panels in
  • Vacuum insulating panels have found great interest in all areas of thermal insulation as excellent insulation materials, but especially in household refrigeration appliances. They usually outperform rigid polyurethane foam, which is usually used in refrigeration appliances, by more than twice as much Vacuum panels are usually produced in which microporous carrier materials are wrapped with foils and welded in a vacuum. The pressure in a VIP is usually below 1 mbar, because the required insulation performance is only achieved at such low pressures. There are basically two types:
  • the disadvantage of the VIP based on a core layer made of microporous precipitated silica is that it is based on a powdery material and the VIP have considerable thickness tolerances and deviations from the planicity, which complicate the installation in the refrigeration devices.
  • Plastic foams only have a low gas, especially water vapor, absorption capacity, the gas tightness of the film used is of great importance for the use of these otherwise excellent VIP core materials. speed.
  • VIP vacuum insulating panels
  • I polyolefin heat seal layer
  • layer (V) vapor-coated with aluminum or SiOx or a metal oxide of the 2nd or 3rd main group, essentially made of polyester and / or polyamide and / or polypropylene.
  • a VIP according to the invention an oxygen diffusion of significantly less than 0.01 cm 3 / m 2 d bar and a water vapor diffusion of significantly less than 0.02 g / m 2 d can be achieved, so that the durability of the insulating effect of a VIP produced in this way meets the requirements of practice.
  • Polyolefin homo- or polyolefin copolymers can be used as the polyolefin heat seal layer (I).
  • Linear low density polyethylene (“LLDPE”), polybutylene (“PB”), ethyl vinyl acetate (“EVA”), high density polyethylene (“HDPE”), ionomer (“I”) and mixtures of these substances are preferred.
  • LLDPE Linear low density polyethylene
  • PB polybutylene
  • EVA ethyl vinyl acetate
  • HDPE high density polyethylene
  • I ionomer
  • the thickness of the polyolefin heat seal layer (I) is preferably 20 to 200 ⁇ m, particularly preferably 50 to 100 ⁇ m.
  • Reactive adhesives such as two-component polyurethane adhesives in particular
  • the thickness of the adhesive or connecting layer (II) is preferably a maximum of 6 ⁇ m, particularly preferably 2 to 6 ⁇ m.
  • the gas barrier layer (III) preferably consists essentially of polyvinyl alcohol (“PVOH”), ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer (“EVOH”) and / or of polyamide or of mixtures of PA and EVOH or, in the case of a multilayer embodiment, of the layered combination of PA and EVOH or of mixtures of PA and EVOH and is preferably stretched at least monoaxially. It is optionally provided with a barrier coating, preferably with an acrylic paint.
  • the thickness of the gas barrier layer (III) is preferably 10 to 120 ⁇ m, particularly preferably 10 to 20 ⁇ m in the single-layer embodiment.
  • the polyolefin layer (IV) preferably consists essentially of polyethylene, polypropylene or polyethylene copolymers. This is preferred according to the invention
  • the layer (V) of polyester and / or polyamide and / or polypropylene layer is preferably vapor-coated in the usual way on the side facing away from the other layers with aluminum, SiOx or a metal oxide of the 2nd or 3rd main group and may not be able to do so vapor-coated side with a barrier coating, preferably with an acrylic paint.
  • Layer (V) is preferably a layer consisting essentially of polyester or polypropylene, which is vapor-deposited with aluminum, preferably in a thickness of 30 to 80 nm.
  • the thickness of the layer (V) is preferably 10 to 40 ⁇ m, particularly preferably 10 to 20 ⁇ m.
  • the at least seven-layer plastic film which is also the subject of the invention, can be provided in one or more layers with customary additives and auxiliaries such as, for example, with lubricants, antiblocking agents and antistatic agents in customary amounts.
  • VIP are preferred which use plastic foams as the core layer.
  • the plastic foams can be: polyurethane or polystyrene foams. Also suitable are plates which are made from ground and pressed plastic foams, such as. B. be described in EP 0791155 B1.
  • microcellular, open-pore foam sheets are preferably used as the core layer.
  • ground closed-cell foams which, optionally with the addition of suitable binders, have been pressed into sheets, serve as the core layer for the VIP according to the invention. In this way, the production of VIP according to the invention can be used in the recycling process for old foam.
  • the preparation of the VIP is normally done by serving as the core layer microporous plate is placed in a prefabricated from the inventive films bag (polyolefin heat-sealable layer (I) on the inside) and seals the remaining open edge in vacuo at 10 "1 to 1 Torr After venting the vacuum chamber, the VIP according to the invention is obtained.
  • the high gas-tightness of the film according to the invention gives the VIP a sufficient lifespan despite the low absorption capacity of the core layer. If a getter is still to be used to ensure the service life, it can be dimensioned accordingly small. If necessary, even the use of small amounts of a water vapor binding substance is sufficient.
  • the film according to the invention can also be used only for producing one side of the film bag, the opposite side forming a conventional multilayer film with an Al barrier layer, which preferably has one
  • the VIP according to the invention can be widely used as high-performance insulation material in insulation in construction, technical insulation and in particular in refrigeration devices.
  • the properties of the multilayer film according to the present invention are determined by the following methods:
  • the water vapor permeability of the films is determined in accordance with DIN 53122.
  • the thermal conductivity coefficient ⁇ is determined in accordance with DIN 18164 part 1 and part 2.
  • Layer I Polyolefin sealing layer made of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 3.5% vinyl acetate, 50 ⁇ m
  • Layer II two-component polyurethane adhesive, 2 ⁇ m
  • Layer III gas barrier layer made of polyvinyl alcohol, biaxially stretched, 12 ⁇ m
  • Layer II two-component polyurethane adhesive, 2 ⁇ m
  • Layer IV polyethylene layer, 120 ⁇ m
  • Layer II two-component polyurethane adhesive, 2 ⁇ m
  • Layer I Polyolefin sealing layer made of ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, 3.5%
  • Layer II two-component polyurethane adhesive, 2 ⁇ m
  • Layer III gas barrier layer made of polyvinyl alcohol, biaxially stretched, 12 ⁇ m
  • Layer II two-component polyurethane adhesive, 2 ⁇ m
  • Layer IV polyethylene layer, 120 ⁇ m
  • Layer II two-component polyurethane adhesive, 2 ⁇ m
  • Layer V metallized biaxially stretched polypropylene film, 20 ⁇ m
  • Layer I Polyolefin sealing layer made of ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, 3.5%
  • Layer IV polyethylene layer, 120 ⁇ m
  • Layer II two-component polyurethane adhesive, 2 ⁇ m
  • Layer V metallized biaxially stretched polyethylene terephthalate film, 12 ⁇ m
  • Layer I Polyolefin sealing layer made of ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, 3.5%
  • Vinyl acetate, 50 ⁇ m layer II two-component polyurethane adhesive
  • 2 ⁇ m layer III gas barrier layer made of a coextruded PA / EVOH / PA layer layer II: two-component polyurethane adhesive, 2 ⁇ m
  • Layer IV polyethylene layer, 120 ⁇ m
  • Layer II two-component polyurethane adhesive, 2 ⁇ m
  • Layer V metallized biaxially stretched polyethylene terephthalate film, 12 ⁇ m
  • 1st layer polyolefin layer, 50 ⁇ m
  • 2nd layer two-component polyurethane adhesive, 2 ⁇ m
  • 3rd layer polyvinyl alcohol layer, 12 ⁇ m 4th layer: two-component polyurethane adhesive, 2 ⁇ m
  • 5th layer polyolefin layer, 120 ⁇ m
  • 6th layer two-component polyurethane adhesive, 2 ⁇ m
  • 8th layer two-component polyurethane adhesive, 2 ⁇ m 9th layer: polyolefin layer, 120 ⁇ m
  • 11th layer stretched polyethylene terephthalate film, 12 ⁇ m
  • the film bags are manufactured by three-sided welding of 50 x 50 cm pieces of film. Bags were made from the following materials:
  • Symmetrically constructed film bag made of a commercially available metal-free barrier film (Combithen PXX from Wolff Walsrode, see example 1 .e).
  • Asymmetrically constructed film bag made from the multilayer film according to the invention described in 2. III and the aluminum-containing multilayer film described in 2.1.
  • 1000 g of a PUR foam foam from a refrigerator recycling plant are mixed with 35 g of water and 100 g of a polyisocyanate mixture of diphenylmethane diisocyanates and polyphenyl polymethylene polyisocyanates (Desmodur® VP PU 1520 A20; Bayer AG) with a Lödige ploughshare mixer 2 fabric nozzles mixed evenly.
  • a mixture of 400 x 400 mm is formed from this mixture in a mold frame, compacted uniformly and then pressed in a laboratory press under a pressure of 5 bar and a temperature of 120 ° C. for 8 minutes using a time measurement program to 25 mm .
  • a porous 25 mm plate with a bulk density of 250 kg / m 3 is obtained .
  • the plate was heated to 120 ° C. for about 2 hours in order to remove all volatile constituents.
  • the panels produced under 3. were placed in the foil bags produced according to 2.1 to 2. IV, evacuated to 2 x 10 " torr and welded. After ventilation, the corresponding VIP was obtained. It was noticed that the VIP with the film according to the invention had a much smoother surface than those with a thin film.
  • the still low water vapor permeability can be determined by measuring the weight gain of the VIP after a storage test.
  • the weight gain was determined after a storage period of 1 year and extrapolated to 15 years. It was taken into account that the core layer consisting of the rigid polyurethane foam has a water absorption capacity of about 0.5 to 1% of its own weight and, as a result, the pressure in the panel does not initially increase.
  • the weight gain due to the permeability to oxygen, nitrogen and carbon dioxide can be neglected in comparison, since it is in the milligram range.
  • the VIPs with thick film preferred according to the invention were to be glued in better and more permanently than those with thin films, such as. B. according to structure 2.1. In the case of the latter, there was no liability between the VIP and the outside covering after the remaining room volume had been foamed.
  • the cabinet numbers of the freezers manufactured under 6 were examined as follows: The interior was brought to a temperature which was increased by 30 to 40 ° C. compared to the ambient temperature by means of a controllable electrical heater fitted inside the freezer. After the internal temperature had reached a steady state (usually after 4 days), the electrical heating output and the mean temperature difference between the interior and the surroundings were measured over a period of 24 hours
  • Cabinet number Z (in W / ° K) determines the temperature measurement in the interior by a total of 6 thermocouples. The following results were obtained:

Landscapes

  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Thermal Insulation (AREA)
  • Refrigerator Housings (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne des panneaux isolés par le vide (VIP) comprenant une plaque microporeuse comme couche centrale et un enrobage de pellicule plastique comprenant au moins 7 couches se succédant selon l'ordre suivant : (1) couche de thermoscellage à base de polyoléfine (I), (2) couche adhésive ou de liaison (II), (3) couche de barrière pour les gaz (III), (4) couche adhésive ou de liaison (II), (5) couche de polyoléfine (IV), (6) couche adhésive ou de liaison (II), (7) couche sensiblement à base de polyester et/ou de polyamide et/ou de polypropylène, vaporisée avec de l'aluminium ou du SiOx ou un oxyde de métal du 2ème ou du 3ème groupe principal.
EP00910871A 1999-04-03 2000-03-22 Panneaux isoles par le vide Withdrawn EP1169525A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19915311 1999-04-03
DE19915311A DE19915311A1 (de) 1999-04-03 1999-04-03 Vakuum Isolier Paneele
PCT/EP2000/002511 WO2000060184A1 (fr) 1999-04-03 2000-03-22 Panneaux isoles par le vide

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1169525A1 true EP1169525A1 (fr) 2002-01-09

Family

ID=7903544

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00910871A Withdrawn EP1169525A1 (fr) 1999-04-03 2000-03-22 Panneaux isoles par le vide

Country Status (12)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1169525A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2002541393A (fr)
CN (1) CN1345394A (fr)
AU (1) AU3292100A (fr)
BR (1) BR0009545A (fr)
CA (1) CA2367996A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE19915311A1 (fr)
HU (1) HUP0200652A2 (fr)
MX (1) MXPA01009946A (fr)
PL (1) PL350763A1 (fr)
TR (1) TR200102830T2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2000060184A1 (fr)

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TR200102830T2 (tr) 2002-03-21
AU3292100A (en) 2000-10-23
HUP0200652A2 (en) 2002-07-29
CA2367996A1 (fr) 2000-10-12
BR0009545A (pt) 2001-12-26
WO2000060184A1 (fr) 2000-10-12
DE19915311A1 (de) 2000-10-05
JP2002541393A (ja) 2002-12-03
CN1345394A (zh) 2002-04-17
PL350763A1 (en) 2003-01-27
MXPA01009946A (es) 2002-04-24

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