EP1157789B1 - Percussive tool with electromagnetic percussion system - Google Patents
Percussive tool with electromagnetic percussion system Download PDFInfo
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- EP1157789B1 EP1157789B1 EP01810470A EP01810470A EP1157789B1 EP 1157789 B1 EP1157789 B1 EP 1157789B1 EP 01810470 A EP01810470 A EP 01810470A EP 01810470 A EP01810470 A EP 01810470A EP 1157789 B1 EP1157789 B1 EP 1157789B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- hand
- held tool
- coil
- tool according
- axis
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- Expired - Lifetime
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- 238000009527 percussion Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- QNRATNLHPGXHMA-XZHTYLCXSA-N (r)-(6-ethoxyquinolin-4-yl)-[(2s,4s,5r)-5-ethyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl]methanol;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.C([C@H]([C@H](C1)CC)C2)CN1[C@@H]2[C@H](O)C1=CC=NC2=CC=C(OCC)C=C21 QNRATNLHPGXHMA-XZHTYLCXSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003534 oscillatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005520 electrodynamics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
- B25D11/00—Portable percussive tools with electromotor or other motor drive
- B25D11/06—Means for driving the impulse member
- B25D11/064—Means for driving the impulse member using an electromagnetic drive
Definitions
- the invention refers to an at least partially striking hand tool, for example a chisel hammer or a hammer drill, with an electromagnetic impact mechanism.
- a reciprocating motion of a flying piston is effected via a time-varying magnetic field, which usually performs axial shocks on the tool via an intermediate piston.
- US4215297 is located axially limited to the tool axially movable a flying piston with a ferromagnetic insert, which is coaxially inside a, a time-varying magnetic field generating, coil is arranged, and which is connected to store the return energy axially with a storage spring.
- a disadvantage of such solutions is the poor electrical efficiency of the achievable impact energies. An increase in this efficiency is only possible with an inadmissible reduction of the lifetime.
- an electrodynamic actuator is formed in a magnetic flux circuit which passes through a permanent magnet, a coil and a soft magnetic, ferromagnetic armature.
- the yoke here the armature and the coil, is limitedly movably mounted via two springs arranged on both sides transversely to the flux passing through the adjacent surface regions of the U-shaped stator.
- the resulting oscillatory spring-mass system can be excited by a coil flowing through the alternating current to forced oscillations.
- the disadvantage of such a solution is the high mass for use as percussion in hand tool devices of the air piston to be moved part and the necessary, the life of the percussion limiting power supply of the moving coil.
- WO9940673A1 works a swinging linear actuator according to the principle of a "polarized reluctance actuator" (PRA).
- PRA polarized reluctance actuator
- a magnetic flux circuit which passes through a permanent magnet, a coil and a soft magnetic ferromagnetic armature, a yoke, here the armature and the magnet, movably mounted.
- This The yoke is moved transversely to the flow passing through the adjacent flow areas of the yoke through the flux density varied by the coil of a U-shaped stator with its control magnetic field between the two pole shoes, or in the direction of a minimum total flow resistance through the field gradient thus created in the flow area.
- a disadvantage of such a solution is the high impact sensitivity of permanent magnets with respect to their magnetic and mechanical properties for use as percussion in hand tools.
- a hand tool for producing a striking movement of a tool along an oscillating axis having an axial percussion U-shaped stator having an electromagnetic impact mechanism with at least one coil and a yoke in the magnetic flux, limited along the swing axis movable, Flying piston, which has at least one soft-magnetic ferromagnetic flow area, wherein the stator of the electromagnetic percussion at least one magnet magnetized associated along the swing axis and arranged longitudinally adjacent to the coil whose axis is parallel to the swing axis.
- the object of the invention is the realization of an at least partially striking hand tool with an electromagnetic percussion with a comparable lifetime increased efficiency of achievable impact energies.
- a percussion linear drive according to the principle of a "polarized reluctance actuator" (PRA) is used, in which a magnetic flux generating magnet is magnetized along a direction of impact of a tool of the power tool corresponding oscillating axis and longitudinally adjacent to one one end of a longitudinally sectioned U-shaped stator located, segment of a coil is arranged, whose axis is transverse to the swing axis.
- PRA polarized reluctance actuator
- the pole piece assigned to the segment of the coil at one end of the stator is subdivided into two partial pole shoes via a gap perpendicular to the oscillating axis and to the axis of the coil, between which the flux can be divided by a control magnetic field of the current-carrying coil.
- the current intensity of the coil is selected according to the condition of cancellation of the flux generated by the magnet in a partial pole piece, whereby it doubles in the other partial pole piece.
- an optimal control behavior of the armature is given by the coil.
- the armature on the end facing away from the tool via a storage spring for storing the rebound energy is connected to the housing of the power tool.
- two opposing segments of the coil are each assigned one, each at the end of the U-shaped stator in the longitudinal pole piece and this divided, each with a gap in two Operapol pas, the armature with respect to, in each case in a Direction arranged Supplemental Supplemental Service Set, etc.
- the movable armature as a common yoke is twofold rotationally symmetrical to the oscillating axis associated with a further U-shaped stator in longitudinal section, comprising a magnetized magnet, Sydneypol mar and associated segments of a current-carrying coil.
- the magnetic flux circuit closes via both stators, which are U-shaped in longitudinal section, and the two flow areas, which are offset axially relative to the oscillating axis, of the yoke designed as an armature.
- the flow areas are flooded by the flow perpendicular to the swing axis, maximizing the resultant force on the anchor.
- advantageously designed as a free-piston anchor which is advantageously carried out along the river passing through this flatter, have a mirror symmetry, in which, based on the cross-sectional area, the area of the flow areas increases, as this is made flatter along this passing through the river.
- the perpendicular side edges are advantageously used to support the flying piston vertically and as a guide parallel to the swing axis.
- the tool facing end surface of the flying piston includes a radial circular surface, which is designed for low-wear transmission of the impact on the tool or on intermediate piston.
- the end face of the flying piston facing the accumulator spring includes an at least partially radial annular surface for at least partial, peripheral contact with the accumulator spring.
- an axial blind bore is provided for weight reduction.
- the tool facing the end face of the flying piston is biased by a prestressing the storage spring biasing spring, so that the springs can be operated instead in the alternating load range in the pressure threshold and thus their life can be increased.
- an electromagnetic percussion 1 is arranged in a not fully illustrated hand tool 2 with a tool 3, along an axis parallel to the tool axis swing axis A, wherein an axis B of coils 4a, 4b of the impact mechanism 1 is oriented perpendicular to the swing axis A and the Stator of the hammer mechanism 1 the segments of the coils 4a, 4b longitudinally associated with the swing axis A permanent magnets 5a includes.
- FIG. 2 shows the electromagnetic percussion mechanism 1 in a hand-held power tool 2, not shown in full, in a plane containing the oscillatory axis A and the axis B.
- the magnetic flux generating, advantageously permanently running, magnets 5a, 5b are oppositely magnetized along one of the direction of impact of the tool 3 corresponding swing axis A and longitudinally adjacent one, at one end of, from one, opposite segments of the coil 4a partially surrounding ring core 6a and disposed therebetween magnet formed 5a, U-shaped stator located, segment of the coil 4a, 4b arranged, whose axis B is transverse to the swing axis A.
- the pole piece assigned to the segment of the coil 4a at one end of the stator is divided by a gap 7a perpendicularly to the oscillating axis A and to the axis B of the coil 4a into two partial pole pieces 8a, 9a, between which the flux flows via a control magnetic field of the current-carrying segment of the coil 4a can be split.
- a yoke 10 which is mounted so as to be movable along the axis of oscillation A and which is bridged over both pole shoes of the stator and which, at least in the through-flow region 11 assigned to the pole shoes, is made of soft magnetic, Ferroelectric material is located between the, by maximum area coverage between the flooding area 11 and the sectionpolschuh 8a and the Partpolschuh 9a marked, on the mutually current-carrying coil 4a bistable switchable positions along the swing axis A.
- the yoke 10 forming the movable armature of a vibrating linear motor is connected to the end face remote from the tool 3 via a storage spring 12 for storing the rebound energy with the housing 13 of the hand tool 2 and on the end face facing the tool 3 with a biasing spring 14.
- the distance region 15 of the armature-forming yoke 10 located between the flow-through regions 11 consists of another, non-ferromagnetic, material such as aluminum or plastic.
- the movable armature as a common yoke 10 is twofold rotationally symmetrical to the swing axis A associated with a further U-shaped stator, an oppositely magnetized permanent magnet 5b and Generalpol note 8b, 9b, an associated segment of an identically oriented current-carrying coil 4b partially surrounding ring core 6b, including.
- the two coils 4a, 4b are each partially curved around the oscillation axis A, with only the ring core 6a lying around a segment of the coil 4a being shown.
- the executed as a free-piston anchor, which forms the yoke 10, has a longitudinal along the axis passing through this flow along the axis B flat mirror symmetry.
- the side edges 16 are advantageously used for supporting the flying piston vertically and as a guide parallel to the oscillating axis A.
- the rhombically running side edges 16 are (in the illustration only once indicated) formed at an angle, pole pieces with two separated by a gap 7a Operapol mortn 8a, 9a of U associated therewith a thin, slidable, a magnetic gap forming, non-ferromagnetic intermediate layer 17 is applied to the partial flow surfaces.
- the tool facing end surface of the flying piston includes a radial circular surface 18, which is designed for low-wear transmission of the impact to the tool or on intermediate piston.
- the memory spring facing end face of the flying piston includes to an axial blind bore 19 an at least partially radial annular surface 20 for at least partial, circumferential contact with the storage spring.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
- Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung bezeichnet ein zumindest teilweise schlagendes Handwerkzeuggerät, bspw. einen Meisselhammer oder einen Bohrhammer, mit einem elektromagnetischem Schlagwerk.The invention refers to an at least partially striking hand tool, for example a chisel hammer or a hammer drill, with an electromagnetic impact mechanism.
Bei Handwerkzeuggeräten mit elektromagnetischem Schlagwerk wird über ein sich zeitlich änderndes Magnetfeld eine Hin- und Herbewegung eines Flugkolbens bewirkt, welcher zumeist über einen Zwischenkolben axiale Schläge auf das Werkzeug ausführt.In hand tool devices with electromagnetic percussion a reciprocating motion of a flying piston is effected via a time-varying magnetic field, which usually performs axial shocks on the tool via an intermediate piston.
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Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht in der Realisierung eines zumindest teilweise schlagenden Handwerkzeuggerätes mit einem elektromagnetischem Schlagwerk mit bei vergleichbarer Lebensdauer gesteigertem Wirkungsgrad der erreichbaren Schlagenergien.The object of the invention is the realization of an at least partially striking hand tool with an electromagnetic percussion with a comparable lifetime increased efficiency of achievable impact energies.
Die Aufgabe wird im wesentlichen durch die Merkmale der unabhängigen Ansprüche gelöst. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.The object is essentially achieved by the features of the independent claims. Advantageous developments emerge from the subclaims.
Im wesentlichen wird als Schlagwerk ein schwingender Linearantrieb entsprechend dem Prinzip eines "polarized reluctance aktuator" (PRA) eingesetzt, bei welchem ein, einen magnetischen Fluss erzeugender, Magnet längs einer der Schlagrichtung eines Werkzeugs des Handwerkzeuggerätes entsprechenden Schwingachse magnetisiert ist sowie längs neben einem, an einem Ende eines im Längsschnitt U-förmigen Stators befindlichen, Segment einer Spule angeordnet ist, deren Achse quer zur Schwingachse liegt.Essentially, a percussion linear drive according to the principle of a "polarized reluctance actuator" (PRA) is used, in which a magnetic flux generating magnet is magnetized along a direction of impact of a tool of the power tool corresponding oscillating axis and longitudinally adjacent to one one end of a longitudinally sectioned U-shaped stator located, segment of a coil is arranged, whose axis is transverse to the swing axis.
Der an einem Ende des Stators dem Segment der Spule zugeordnete Polschuh ist über einen Spalt senkrecht zur Schwingachse und zur Achse der Spule in zwei Teilpolschuhe unterteilt, zwischen denen über ein Steuermagnetfeld der stromdurchflossenen Spule der Fluss aufgeteilt werden kann. Ein beide Polschuhe des Stators überbrückendes, längs der Schwingachse begrenzt beweglich gelagertes Joch, welches zumindest im den Polschuhen zugeordneten Durchflutungsbereich längs der Schwingachse aus weichmagnetischem, ferroelektrischem Material besteht, weist bezüglich beider Teilpolschuhe je eine Position längs der Schwingachse auf, bei welcher der sich einstellende magnetische Gesamtwiderstand im Gesamtflusskreis minimal ist.The pole piece assigned to the segment of the coil at one end of the stator is subdivided into two partial pole shoes via a gap perpendicular to the oscillating axis and to the axis of the coil, between which the flux can be divided by a control magnetic field of the current-carrying coil. A yoke which is bridged over both pole shoes of the stator and is movably mounted along the oscillation axis, which consists of soft magnetic, ferroelectric material along the oscillation axis at least in the pole pieces, has a position along the oscillation axis with respect to both partial pole pieces, in which the magnetic field adjusts Total resistance in the total circuit is minimal.
Somit ist durch die Stromrichtung der Spule ein bipolares Verhalten bezüglich der Position des Ankers realisierbar bzw. auf einen zwischen beiden Positionen befindlichen Anker sind Kräfte in beide Richtungen realisierbar, welche zur Schwingungserzeugung benutzt werden können. Durch die geringe notwendige Masse des als Flugkolben ausgebildeten Ankers entstehen nur geringe Vibrationen des Handwerkzeuggerätes.Thus, by the current direction of the coil a bipolar behavior with respect to the position of the armature can be realized or on an armature located between two positions forces in both directions can be realized, which can be used for vibration generation. Due to the low necessary mass of trained as a flying piston armature only slight vibrations of the power tool arise.
Vorteilhaft wird die Stromstärke der Spule entsprechend der Bedingung der Aufhebung des durch den Magneten erzeugten Flusses in einem Teilpolschuh gewählt, wodurch dieser sich im anderen Teilpolschuh verdoppelt. Somit ist ein optimales Steuerverhalten des Ankers durch die Spule gegeben.Advantageously, the current intensity of the coil is selected according to the condition of cancellation of the flux generated by the magnet in a partial pole piece, whereby it doubles in the other partial pole piece. Thus, an optimal control behavior of the armature is given by the coil.
Vorteilhaft ist der Anker auf der dem Werkzeug abgewandten Stirnseite über eine Speicherfeder zur Speicherung der Rückprallenergie mit dem Gehäuse des Handwerkzeuggerätes verbunden. Durch das entstandene energiespeichernde, selbstschwingende System wird der Wirkungsgrad weiter gesteigert.Advantageously, the armature on the end facing away from the tool via a storage spring for storing the rebound energy is connected to the housing of the power tool. The resulting energy-saving, self-oscillating system further increases the efficiency.
In einer vorteilhaften Variante ist zweien, gegenüberliegenden Segmenten der Spule je ein, jeweils am Ende des im Längsschnitt U-förmigen Stators ausgebildeter, Polschuh zugeordnet und dieser mit je einem Spalt in jeweils zwei Teilpolschuhe unterteilt, wobei der Anker bezüglich der, den jeweils in einer Richtung angeordneten Teilpolschuhen, zugeordneten Durchflutungsbereiche bezüglich eines minimalen magnetischen Widerstands ausgebildet ist. Somit addieren sich die durch die stromdurchflossene Spule als Folge der Flussaufteilung auf den Anker wirkenden Kräfte, welche sich bei einer spiegelsymmetrischen Ausbildung zu einer Ebene senkrecht zur Schwingachse verdoppeln.In an advantageous variant, two opposing segments of the coil are each assigned one, each at the end of the U-shaped stator in the longitudinal pole piece and this divided, each with a gap in two Teilpolschuhe, the armature with respect to, in each case in a Direction arranged Teilpolschuhen, associated flooding areas with respect to a minimum magnetic resistance is formed. Thus, the forces acting on the armature by the current-carrying coil as a result of the flux splitting, which double in a mirror-symmetrical formation to a plane perpendicular to the oscillation axis.
Es ist vorteilhaft, den zwischen den Durchflutungsbereichen befindlichen Distanzbereich des Ankers unter Berücksichtigung einer hinreichenden Druckstabilität mit geringer Masse auszuführen, was durch entsprechende, vorzugsweise jeweils symmetrische, Verjüngung des Querschnitts unter Berücksichtigung des minimal notwendigen Flussquerschnitts die Masse des Flugkolbens minimiert.It is advantageous to carry out the distance range of the armature located between the areas of flux, taking into account a sufficient pressure stability with low mass, which minimizes the mass of the flying mass by corresponding, preferably symmetrical, narrowing of the cross section, taking into account the minimum necessary flow cross section.
In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Variante ist dem beweglichen Anker als gemeinsames Joch zweizählig rotationssymmetrisch zur Schwingachse ein weiterer im Längsschnitt U-förmiger Stator zugeordnet, einen magnetisierten Magneten, Teilpolschuhe und zugeordnete Segmente einer stromdurchflossenen Spule beinhaltend. Dadurch addieren sich die auf den Anker wirkenden Kräfte nochmals, welche sich bei einer symmetrischen Ausbildung wiederum verdoppeln.In a further advantageous variant, the movable armature as a common yoke is twofold rotationally symmetrical to the oscillating axis associated with a further U-shaped stator in longitudinal section, comprising a magnetized magnet, Teilpolschuhe and associated segments of a current-carrying coil. As a result, the forces acting on the anchor again add up, which in turn double in a symmetrical training.
Vorteilhaft sind bezüglich beider im Längsschnitt U-förmiger Statoren die Stromrichtungen beider Spulen gleich und die Magnetisierungsrichtung beider Magneten entgegengesetzt orientiert. Dadurch hebt sich bei jeweils symmetrischer Ausführung der nun vier Teilpolschuhpaare der Fluss im Anker längs der Schwingachse zwischen den beiden Durchflutungsbereichen auf. Dadurch muss kein minimaler Flussquerschnitt für den Distanzbereich berücksichtigt werden und es ist zudem für den Distanzbereich der Einsatz eines anderen, weniger dichten Werkstoffs möglich, dessen magnetische Eigenschaften in diesem Fall unbeachtlich sind.With regard to both in longitudinal section U-shaped stators, the current directions of both coils are advantageously the same and the direction of magnetization of the two magnets is oriented oppositely. As a result, in each symmetrical embodiment of the now four Teilpolschuhpaare the flux in the armature rises along the swing axis between the two areas of flux. This does not require a minimum flow area for the Distance range can be considered and it is also possible for the distance range, the use of another, less dense material whose magnetic properties are irrelevant in this case.
Neben der unter Berücksichtigung der hohen mechanischen Wechselbelastung vorteilhaften einstückigen Ausführung des als Flugkolben eingesetzten Ankers weist bezüglich einer geringeren Masse ein, aus leichterem Material im Distanzbereich bestehender, zusammengesetzter Flugkolben ebenfalls Vorteile auf.In addition to the one-piece design of the armature used as a flying piston, which is advantageous in view of the high mechanical alternating load, there is also an advantage with respect to a smaller mass and composed of lighter material in the distance range.
Der magnetische Flusskreis schliesst sich vielmehr über beide im Längsschnitt U-förmigen Statoren und die beiden, axial zur Schwingachse versetzten, Durchflutungsbereiche des als Anker ausgeführten Jochs. Die Durchflutungsbereiche werden vom Fluss senkrecht zur Schwingachse durchflutet, wodurch die resultierende Kraft auf den Anker maximiert wird.Rather, the magnetic flux circuit closes via both stators, which are U-shaped in longitudinal section, and the two flow areas, which are offset axially relative to the oscillating axis, of the yoke designed as an armature. The flow areas are flooded by the flow perpendicular to the swing axis, maximizing the resultant force on the anchor.
Weiterhin ist es vorteilhaft, die beiden Spulen teilweise um die Schwingungsachse herum zu krümmen, wodurch der Raumbedarf bei gleicher Leistung minimiert wird.Furthermore, it is advantageous to partially bend the two coils around the oscillation axis, whereby the space requirement is minimized with the same power.
Zudem kann vorteilhaft auch der als Flugkolben ausgeführte Anker, welcher vorteilhaft längs des diesen durchsetzenden Flusses flacher ausgeführt ist, eine Spiegelsymmetrie aufweisen, bei welcher, bezogen auf die Querschnittsfläche, die Fläche der Durchflutungsbereiche steigt, da diese längs des diesen durchsetzenden Flusses flacher ausgeführt ist. Die dazu senkrechten Seitenkanten dienen vorteilhaft zur Lagerung des Flugkolbens senkrecht und als Führung parallel zur Schwingachse.In addition, advantageously designed as a free-piston anchor, which is advantageously carried out along the river passing through this flatter, have a mirror symmetry, in which, based on the cross-sectional area, the area of the flow areas increases, as this is made flatter along this passing through the river. The perpendicular side edges are advantageously used to support the flying piston vertically and as a guide parallel to the swing axis.
Bei einer vorteilhaften rhombischen Ausführung der Querschnittsfläche des flachen Flugkolbens dienen die jeweils beidseitig einen spitzen Winkel als Seitenkante einschliessenden Teildurchflutungsflächen zur Lagerung bzw. Führung an den entsprechend zugeordneten, im Winkel ausgebildeten, Polschuhen der im Längsschnitt U-förmigen Statoren, wobei zur Verminderung der Reibung und des Verschleisses eine dünne, gleitfähige, vorzugsweise einen Magnetspalt ausbildende nicht ferromagnetische, Zwischenlage auf den Pohlschuhen und/oder den Teildurchflutungsflächen aufgebracht ist.In an advantageous rhombic design of the cross-sectional area of the flat flying piston serve each on both sides an acute angle as side edge enclosing Teilildabflungsungsflächen for storage or management of the corresponding associated, formed in an angle, pole pieces of longitudinally U-shaped stators, said to reduce friction and the wear a thin, slidable, preferably forming a magnetic gap non-ferromagnetic, intermediate layer is applied to the Pohlschuhen and / or the Teilildabflutungsflächen.
Vorteilhaft beinhaltet die dem Werkzeug zugewandte Stirnfläche des Flugkolbens eine radiale Kreisfläche, welche zur verschleissarmen Übertragung des Schlages auf das Werkzeug oder auf Zwischenkolben ausgelegt ist.Advantageously, the tool facing end surface of the flying piston includes a radial circular surface, which is designed for low-wear transmission of the impact on the tool or on intermediate piston.
Weiter vorteilhaft beinhaltet die der Speicherfeder zugewandte Stirnfläche des Flugkolbens eine zumindest teilweise radiale Kreisringfläche zum zumindest teilweisen, umfänglichen Kontakt mit der Speicherfeder. Vorteilhaft ist innerhalb eine axiale Sackbohrung zur Gewichtsreduzierung vorgesehen.Further advantageously, the end face of the flying piston facing the accumulator spring includes an at least partially radial annular surface for at least partial, peripheral contact with the accumulator spring. Advantageously, an axial blind bore is provided for weight reduction.
Vorteilhaft ist die dem Werkzeug zugewandte Stirnfläche des Flugkolbens mit einer die Speicherfeder vorspannenden Vorspannfeder vorgespannt, damit die Federn statt im Wechsellastbereich im Druckschwellbereich betrieben werden können und somit deren Lebensdauer erhöht werden kann.Advantageously, the tool facing the end face of the flying piston is biased by a prestressing the storage spring biasing spring, so that the springs can be operated instead in the alternating load range in the pressure threshold and thus their life can be increased.
Die Erfindung wird bezüglich eines vorteilhaften Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert mit:
- Fig. 1 als elektromagnetisches Schlagwerk für ein Handwerkzeuggerät,
- Fig. 2 als Schnittdarstellung durch Fig. 1;
- Fig. 3 als Schlagwerkskomponenten mit rhombischem Schlagkolben.
- 1 as an electromagnetic striking mechanism for a hand tool,
- Fig. 2 as a sectional view of Fig. 1;
- Fig. 3 as percussion components with rhombic percussion piston.
Nach Fig. 1 ist ein elektromagnetisches Schlagwerk 1 in einem nicht vollständig dargestellten Handwerkzeuggerät 2 mit einem Werkzeug 3, längs einer zur Werkzeugachse parallelen Schwingachse A angeordnet, wobei eine Achse B von Spulen 4a, 4b des Schlagwerks 1 senkrecht zur Schwingachse A orientiert ist und der Stator des Schlagwerks 1 den Segmenten der Spulen 4a, 4b längs zur Schwingachse A zugeordnete permanente Magnete 5a beinhaltet.According to Fig. 1, an
Fig. 2 zeigt das elektromagnetische Schlagwerk 1 in einem nicht vollständig dargestellten Handwerkzeuggerät 2 geschnitten in einer die Schwingachse A und die Achse B enthaltenden Ebene. Die einen magnetischen Fluss erzeugenden, vorteilhaft permanent ausgeführten, Magnete 5a, 5b sind längs einer der Schlagrichtung des Werkzeugs 3 entsprechenden Schwingachse A entgegengesetzt magnetisiert sowie längs neben einem, an einem Ende eines, aus einen, gegenüberliegende Segmenten der Spule 4a teilweise umgebenden, Ringkern 6a und dazwischen angeordnetem Magneten 5a ausgebildeten, U-förmigen Stators befindlichen, Segment der Spule 4a, 4b angeordnet, deren Achse B quer zur Schwingachse A liegt. Der an einem Ende des Stators dem Segment der Spule 4a zugeordnete Polschuh ist über einen Spalt 7a senkrecht zur Schwingachse A und zur Achse B der Spule 4a in zwei Teilpolschuhe 8a, 9a unterteilt, zwischen denen über ein Steuermagnetfeld des stromdurchflossenen Segmentes der Spule 4a der Fluss aufgeteilt werden kann. Ein beide Polschuhe des Stators überbrückendes, längs der Schwingachse A begrenzt beweglich gelagertes Joch 10, welches zumindest im den Polschuhen zugeordneten Durchflutungsbereich 11 längs der Schwingachse A aus weichmagnetischen, ferroelektrischem Material besteht, befindet sich zwischen den, durch maximale Flächendeckung zwischen dem Durchflutungsbereich 11 und dem Teilpolschuh 8a bzw. dem Teilpolschuh 9a gekennzeichneten, über die wechselseitig stromführende Spule 4a bistabil schaltbaren Positionen längs der Schwingachse A.FIG. 2 shows the
Das den beweglichen Anker eines schwingenden Linearmotors ausbildende Joch 10 ist auf der dem Werkzeug 3 abgewandten Stirnseite über eine Speicherfeder 12 zur Speicherung der Rückprallenergie mit dem Gehäuse 13 des Handwerkzeuggerätes 2 und auf der dem Werkzeug 3 zugewandten Stirnseite mit einer Vorspannfeder 14 verbunden.The
Zweien, gegenüberliegenden Segmenten der Spule 4a ist je ein, jeweils am Ende des U-förmigen Stators ausgebildeter, Polschuh zugeordnet und dieser mit je einem Spalt 7a in jeweils zwei Teilpolschuhe 8a, 9a unterteilt, wobei das den Anker bildende Joch 10 bezüglich der, den jeweils in einer Richtung angeordneten Teilpolschuhen 8a bzw. 9a, zugeordneten Durchflutungsbereiche 11 flächendeckend ausgebildet ist.Two, opposite segments of the
Der zwischen den Durchflutungsbereichen 11 befindliche Distanzbereich 15 des den Anker bildenden Jochs 10 besteht aus einem anderen, nicht ferromagnetischen, Material wie Aluminium oder Kunststoff. Dem beweglichen Anker als gemeinsames Joch 10 ist zweizählig rotationssymmetrisch zur Schwingachse A ein weiterer U-förmiger Stator zugeordnet, einen entgegengesetzt magnetisierten permanenten Magneten 5b und Teilpolschuhe 8b, 9b eines, ein zugeordnetes Segment einer gleich orientierten stromdurchflossenen Spule 4b teilweise umgebenden Ringkerns 6b, beinhaltend.The
Nach Fig. 3 sind die beiden Spulen 4a, 4b jeweils teilweise um die Schwingungsachse A herum gekrümmt, wobei nur der um ein Segment der Spule 4a herum liegende Ringkern 6a dargestellt ist. Der als Flugkolben ausgeführte Anker, welcher das Joch 10 ausbildet, weist eine längs des diesen durchsetzenden Flusses längs zur Achse B flache Spiegelsymmetrie auf. Die Seitenkanten 16 dienen vorteilhaft zur Lagerung des Flugkolbens senkrecht und als Führung parallel zur Schwingachse A. Den rhombisch ausgeführten Seitenkanten 16 sind (in der Darstellung nur einmal angedeutete) im Winkel ausgebildete, Polschuhen mit zwei durch einen Spalt 7a getrennte Teilpolschuhen 8a, 9a der U-förmigen Statoren zugeordnet, wobei dazwischen eine dünne, gleitfähige, einen Magnetspalt ausbildende, nicht ferromagnetische Zwischenlage 17 auf den Teildurchflutungsflächen aufgebracht ist. Die dem Werkzeug zugewandte Stirnfläche des Flugkolbens beinhaltet eine radiale Kreisfläche 18, welche zur verschleissarmen Übertragung des Schlages auf das Werkzeug oder auf Zwischenkolben ausgelegt ist. Die der Speicherfeder zugewandte Stirnfläche des Flugkolbens beinhaltet um eine axiale Sackbohrung 19 eine zumindest teilweise radiale Kreisringfläche 20 zum zumindest teilweisen, umfänglichen Kontakt mit der Speicherfeder.According to FIG. 3, the two
Claims (12)
- Hand-held tool for generating an at least partly percussive movement of a tool (3) along an oscillation axis (A) with an electromagnetic percussion unit (1) incorporating a stator which is U-shaped in axial longitudinal section, featuring at least one coil (4a) and a flying piston which is formed in the magnetic flux as a yoke (10) and is adapted to move to a limited degree along the oscillation axis (A), and which has at least one low-retentivity ferromagnetic m.m.f. region (11), characterised in that at least one magnet (5a) is operatively associated with the stator, magnetised along the oscillation axis (A) and arranged lengthways alongside at least one coil (4a) segment that is situated at one axial extremity of the stator, the coil (4a) featuring an axis (B) transverse to the oscillation axis (A).
- Hand-held tool according to claim 1, characterised in that a pole shoe which is operatively associated with the segment of the coil (4a), at one axial extremity of the stator, is divided into two component pole shoes (8a, 9a) via a gap (7a) transverse to the axis of oscillation (A) and to the axis (B) of the coil (4a).
- Hand-held tool according to either of the preceding claims, characterised in that operatively associated with two, opposing segments of the coil (4a) there are respective pole shoes, each formed on the axial extremity of the stator, the yoke (10) being configured in relation to the m.m.f. regions (11) which are operatively associated with the component pole shoes (8a and 9a, respectively), each arranged in one respective direction, and relating to a minimal magnetic resistance.
- Hand-held tool according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a further stator is operatively associated with the yoke (10), in two-fold rotational symmetry with the oscillation axis (A), said stator containing a magnetised magnet (5b), component pole shoes (8b, 9b) and operatively associated segments of a current-carrying coil (4b).
- Hand-held tool according to claim 4, characterised in that in relation to the two stators the direction of magnetisation of the magnets (5a, 5b) is opposed and the direction of the current through the coils (4a, 4b) is identically orientated.
- Hand-held tool according to claim 5, characterised in that the resulting magnetic flux magnetises the m.m.f. regions (11) of the yoke (10) perpendicular to the oscillation axis (A).
- Hand-held tool according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterised in that both coils (4a, 4b) are partly curved around the oscillation axis (A).
- Hand-held tool according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the flying piston has mirror symmetry, is configured flatter along the flux which passes therethrough, and is provided with lateral edges (15).
- Hand-held tool according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the pole shoes of the stators are arranged angularly and are operatively associated with the component m.m.f. surfaces of the flying piston which features rhombic cross-sectional surfaces.
- Hand-held tool according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a thin, sliding, optionally non-ferromagnetic intermediate layer has been applied on the pole shoes and/or the component m.m.f. surfaces.
- Hand-held tool according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that on the end face furthest from the tool (3), the flying piston is connected to a casing (13) of the hand-held tool (2) via a pre-loaded spring (12) for storing the rebound energy.
- Hand-held tool according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the flying piston's front end surface nearest to the tool (3) is pretensioned by a pretensioning spring (14) which pretensions the pre-loaded spring (12).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10025371A DE10025371A1 (en) | 2000-05-23 | 2000-05-23 | Hand tool with electromagnetic striking mechanism |
| DE10025371 | 2000-05-23 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1157789A1 EP1157789A1 (en) | 2001-11-28 |
| EP1157789B1 true EP1157789B1 (en) | 2007-08-08 |
Family
ID=7643156
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP01810470A Expired - Lifetime EP1157789B1 (en) | 2000-05-23 | 2001-05-14 | Percussive tool with electromagnetic percussion system |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6520269B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1157789B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2002011676A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1324712A (en) |
| DE (2) | DE10025371A1 (en) |
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-
2000
- 2000-05-23 DE DE10025371A patent/DE10025371A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2001
- 2001-05-14 EP EP01810470A patent/EP1157789B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-05-14 DE DE50112812T patent/DE50112812D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-05-14 US US09/855,072 patent/US6520269B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-05-15 CN CN01119004.3A patent/CN1324712A/en active Pending
- 2001-05-23 JP JP2001154143A patent/JP2002011676A/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20020014344A1 (en) | 2002-02-07 |
| DE10025371A1 (en) | 2001-11-29 |
| EP1157789A1 (en) | 2001-11-28 |
| US6520269B2 (en) | 2003-02-18 |
| JP2002011676A (en) | 2002-01-15 |
| DE50112812D1 (en) | 2007-09-20 |
| CN1324712A (en) | 2001-12-05 |
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