EP1151828A1 - Rotatable electric hand tool with security system - Google Patents

Rotatable electric hand tool with security system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1151828A1
EP1151828A1 EP01810392A EP01810392A EP1151828A1 EP 1151828 A1 EP1151828 A1 EP 1151828A1 EP 01810392 A EP01810392 A EP 01810392A EP 01810392 A EP01810392 A EP 01810392A EP 1151828 A1 EP1151828 A1 EP 1151828A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
housing
hand tool
speed
electric motor
torque
Prior art date
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Granted
Application number
EP01810392A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1151828B1 (en
Inventor
Ferdinand Kristen
Hans-Werner Bongers-Ambrosius
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Hilti AG
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Hilti AG
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Publication of EP1151828A1 publication Critical patent/EP1151828A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25F—COMBINATION OR MULTI-PURPOSE TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DETAILS OR COMPONENTS OF PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS NOT PARTICULARLY RELATED TO THE OPERATIONS PERFORMED AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B25F5/00—Details or components of portable power-driven tools not particularly related to the operations performed and not otherwise provided for

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a safety routine and an associated rotating electric hand tool device, especially a drill, hammer drill or one Combi hammer.
  • the measurement of the torque acting on the housing is known from DE3128410A1 the handle leading the electric hand tool device is known.
  • About analog integration of a signal proportional to the torque is exceeded when a limit value is exceeded a safety device to avoid tool blocking, jamming and gagging activated.
  • the disadvantage is that it is necessary to build up the counterforce on the handle Management of the electric hand tool device by the user.
  • the invention has for its object a simple separation of the power transmission To show electrical hand tools.
  • Another aspect is another Solution to safely prevent an impermissibly high rotation of the housing of the Electric hand tool.
  • a collector and Slip ring-free electric motor for example a switched reluctance motor, especially in the case one registered by a sensor connected to the housing and a microcontroller, impermissible torsion to be expected in the future, via the engine control electronics decelerated with respect to the speed, which means if the clutch speed falls below one in the power transmission path between the electric motor and a transmission arranged, purely mechanical, centrifugal force-controlled clutch for transmitting the torque the power transmission separates.
  • the collector and slip ring-less which can be speed-controlled via motor control electronics Electric motors can be actively braked quickly, resulting in an impermissibly long time Follow-up can be prevented safely.
  • Another advantage of this solution is that there is no need for the safety routine needed used electromechanical coupling, reducing the weight and manufacturing costs can be reduced.
  • Fig. 1 as an electric hand tool device.
  • a hammer drill as an electric hand tool device 1 within a housing 2 a collector and slip ring-less speed-controllable via motor control electronics 3
  • Electric motor 4 in particular a switched reluctance motor, which in Power transmission path via a purely mechanical, speed-dependent clutch 5 for Transmission of the torque is connected to a gear 6.
  • Housing 2 with a sensor 7, evaluated by a microcontroller, for detection a future, impermissibly high, twist of the housing 2 connected.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)
  • Drilling And Boring (AREA)
  • Portable Power Tools In General (AREA)
  • One-Way And Automatic Clutches, And Combinations Of Different Clutches (AREA)
  • Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)

Abstract

The device has an electric motor with no collector or slip ring in a housing (2) for producing a torque with motor control electronics (3) for controlling the revolution rate. A revolution rate dependent coupling (5) is arranged in the force transfer path from the electric motor (4) to a gearbox (6) for transferring the torque. Independent claims are also included for the following: a method of limiting unnecessarily high twisting of the housing in the event of the tool jamming.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Sicherheitsroutine und ein zugeordnetes drehendes Elektrohandwerkzeuggerät, insbesondere eine Bohrmaschine, einen Bohrhammer oder einen Kombihammer.The invention relates to a safety routine and an associated rotating electric hand tool device, especially a drill, hammer drill or one Combi hammer.

Bei grossen und leistungsstarken drehenden Elektrohandwerkzeuggeräten besteht die Gefahr der Verletzung des Nutzers durch unzulässige Verdrehungen des Gehäuses beim Mitdrehen durch plötzliche Werkzeugblockierungen als Folge der in Elektrohandwerkzeuggeräten gespeicherten kinetischen Energie. Bei Startblockierern, also bei einer bereits im Einschaltzeitpunkt vorliegenden Werkzeugblockade, besteht durch das plötzliche Mitdrehen des Gehäuses eine besonders hohe Verletzungsgefahr.This is the case with large and powerful rotating electrical hand tool devices Risk of injury to the user due to inadmissible twisting of the housing when Co-rotation due to sudden tool blockages as a result of that in electrical hand tool devices stored kinetic energy. For start blockers, i.e. one already in the When the tool is blocked, this occurs due to the sudden turning the housing a particularly high risk of injury.

Üblicherweise wird der diese Verdrehung durch die Blockierung erzeugende plötzliche hohe Drehimpuls durch Rutsch- oder Sicherheitskupplungen vom blockierten Werkzeug getrennt oder bezüglich des Drehmomentes begrenzt. Die Trennung erfolgt jedoch oftmals verspätet, so dass durch die bereits auf das Gehäuse des Elektrohandwerkzeuggerätes übertragene Rotationsenergie eine unzulässige Verdrehung des Gehäuses nicht mehr verhindert werden kann.Usually, the sudden high that produces this twist due to the blocking Angular momentum separated from the blocked tool by slip or safety clutches or limited in terms of torque. However, the separation is often delayed, so that the one already transferred to the housing of the electric hand tool device Rotational energy an unacceptable rotation of the housing can no longer be prevented can.

Aus der DE3128410A1 ist die Messung des auf das Gehäuse wirkenden Drehmoments über den das Elektrohandwerkzeuggerät führenden Handgriff bekannt. Über die analoge Integration eines dem Drehmoment proportionalen Signals wird bei Überschreitung eines Grenzwertes eine Sicherheitseinrichtung zur Vermeidung eines Werkzeugblockierens, Klemmens und Würgens aktiviert. Nachteilig ist die zum Aufbau der Gegenkraft am Handgriff notwendige Führung des Elektrohandwerkzeuggerätes durch den Nutzer.The measurement of the torque acting on the housing is known from DE3128410A1 the handle leading the electric hand tool device is known. About analog integration of a signal proportional to the torque is exceeded when a limit value is exceeded a safety device to avoid tool blocking, jamming and gagging activated. The disadvantage is that it is necessary to build up the counterforce on the handle Management of the electric hand tool device by the user.

Aus der EP666148B1 ist ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Vermeidung unzulässig grosser Verdrehwinkel von Elektrohandwerkzeuggeräten bekannt, welche mit einem Mikrocontroller den in einem zukünftigen Zeitpunkt zu erwartenden Verdrehwinkel des Gehäuses aus der aktuellen Winkelbeschleunigung des Gehäuses im voraus berechnet und bei Überschreiten eines Grenzwertes eine Sicherheitseinrichtung zur Vermeidung dieser Überschreitung aktiviert. Bei Startblockaden kann es vereinzelt dennoch, insbesondere bei Nutzung an schwachen Stromnetzen mit einem hohen Innenwiderstand durch die sich dann erst langsam aufbauende Rotorbeschleunigung des Elektromotors, zu einer derart geringen Winkelbeschleunigung des Gehäuses kommen, dass der im voraus berechnete Verdrehwinkel des Gehäuses den Grenzwert nicht überschreitet und folglich die Sicherheitseinrichtung nicht aktiviert wird.From EP666148B1, a method and a device for avoidance are not permitted Large angle of rotation of electrical hand tool devices known, which with a Microcontroller the expected twist angle of the future Housing is calculated in advance from the current angular acceleration of the housing and if a limit value is exceeded, a safety device to avoid this Activation exceeded. In the case of starting blockades, it can still occasionally, especially with Use on weak power grids with a high internal resistance through which then rotor acceleration of the electric motor that builds up slowly, to such a low level Angular acceleration of the housing come that the angle of rotation calculated in advance of the housing does not exceed the limit value and consequently the safety device is not activated.

Nach der DE19631517A1 ist die Verwendung von über eine Motorsteuerelektronik drehzahlsteuerbaren kollektor- und schleifringlosen Elektromotoren, insbesondere geschalteter Reluktanzmotoren, in Elektrohandwerkzeuggeräten sowie die Luftkühlung der im Gehäuse angeordneten Steuerelektronik vorbekannt.According to DE19631517A1, the use of speed-controllable motor control electronics collector and slip ringless electric motors, especially switched ones Reluctance motors, in electrical hand tool devices as well as the air cooling in the housing arranged control electronics known.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine einfache Trennung der Kraftübertragung bei Elektrohandwerkzeuggeräten aufzuzeigen. Ein weiterer Aspekt besteht in einer weiteren Lösung zur sicheren Verhinderung einer unzulässig hohen Verdrehung des Gehäuses des Elektrohandwerkzeuggerätes.The invention has for its object a simple separation of the power transmission To show electrical hand tools. Another aspect is another Solution to safely prevent an impermissibly high rotation of the housing of the Electric hand tool.

Die Aufgabe wird im wesentlichen durch die Merkmale der unabhängigen Ansprüche gelöst. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.The task is essentially solved by the features of the independent claims. Advantageous further developments result from the subclaims.

Im wesentlichen wird ein über eine Motorsteuerelektronik drehzahlsteuerbarer kollektor- und schleifringloser Elektromotor, bspw. ein geschalteter Reluktanzmotor, insbesondere im Falle einer, von einem mit dem Gehäuse verbundenen Sensor und einem Mikrocontroller registrierten, zukünftig zu erwartenden unzulässigen Verdrehung, über die Motorsteuerelektronik bezüglich der Drehzahl heruntergebremst, wodurch bei Unterschreitung einer Kupplungsdrehzahl eine im Kraftübertragungsweg zwischen dem Elektromotor und einem Getriebe angeordnete, rein mechanische, fliehkraftgesteuerte Kupplung zur Übertragung des Drehmomentes die Kraftübertragung trennt.Essentially, a collector and Slip ring-free electric motor, for example a switched reluctance motor, especially in the case one registered by a sensor connected to the housing and a microcontroller, impermissible torsion to be expected in the future, via the engine control electronics decelerated with respect to the speed, which means if the clutch speed falls below one in the power transmission path between the electric motor and a transmission arranged, purely mechanical, centrifugal force-controlled clutch for transmitting the torque the power transmission separates.

Die über eine Motorsteuerelektronik drehzahlsteuerbaren kollektor- und schleifringlosen Elektromotoren können schnell aktiv gebremst werden, wodurch ein unzulässig langes Nachlaufen sicher verhindert werden kann.The collector and slip ring-less, which can be speed-controlled via motor control electronics Electric motors can be actively braked quickly, resulting in an impermissibly long time Follow-up can be prevented safely.

Ein weiterer Vorteil dieser Lösung besteht zudem im Entfallen der ansonsten für die Sicherheitsroutine benötigten verwendeten elektromechanischen Kupplung, wodurch das Gewicht und Herstellungskosten reduziert werden.Another advantage of this solution is that there is no need for the safety routine needed used electromechanical coupling, reducing the weight and manufacturing costs can be reduced.

Die Erfindung wird bezüglich eines vorteilhaften Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert mit:
Fig. 1 als Elektrohandwerkzeuggerät.The invention is explained in more detail with respect to an advantageous exemplary embodiment with:
Fig. 1 as an electric hand tool device.

Nach Fig. 1 weist ein Bohrhammer als Elektrohandwerkzeuggerät 1 innerhalb eines Gehäuses 2 einen über eine Motorsteuerelektronik 3 drehzahlsteuerbaren kollektor- und schleifringlosen Elektromotor 4, insbesondere einen geschalteten Reluktanzmotor, welcher im Kraftübertragungsweg über eine rein mechanische, drehzahlabhängige Kupplung 5 zur Übertragung des Drehmoments mit einem Getriebe 6 verbunden ist, auf. Zudem ist das Gehäuse 2 mit einem, von einem Mikrocontroller ausgewerteten, Sensor 7 zur Erfassung einer zukünftigen, unzulässig hohen, Verdrehung des Gehäuses 2 verbunden.1 shows a hammer drill as an electric hand tool device 1 within a housing 2 a collector and slip ring-less speed-controllable via motor control electronics 3 Electric motor 4, in particular a switched reluctance motor, which in Power transmission path via a purely mechanical, speed-dependent clutch 5 for Transmission of the torque is connected to a gear 6. It is also Housing 2 with a sensor 7, evaluated by a microcontroller, for detection a future, impermissibly high, twist of the housing 2 connected.

Das Verfahren zur Begrenzung einer unzulässig hohen Verdrehung des Gehäuses im Falle einer Werkzeugblockade beinhaltet

  • in einem ersten Schritt im Falle einer, von dem Mikrocontroller mit Sensor registrierten, zukünftig zu erwartenden unzulässigen Verdrehung, die Auslösung eines Sicherheitssignals durch den Mikrocontroller,
  • in einem zweiten Schritt die Abbremsung der Drehzahl des drehzahlsteuerbaren kollektor- und schleifringlosen Elektromotors über die Motorsteuerelektronik,
  • in einem weiteren Schritt bei Unterschreitung der Kupplungsdrehzahl die Unterbrechung des Kraftübertragungsweges bezüglich der Übertragung des Drehmoments durch die drehzahlabhängige Kupplung,
  • sowie in einem optionalen letzten Schritt die Abfrage und Auswertung des Fortbestehens des Sicherheitssignals vor einer Beschleunigung des Elektromotors durch die Motorsteuerelektronik, wodurch im Falle einer Startblockade ein Anlaufen des Elektromotors und somit eine unzulässig hohe Verdrehung des Gehäuses sicher verhindert wird.
The procedure for limiting an inadmissibly high torsion of the housing in the event of a tool blockage includes
  • in a first step in the event of an inadmissible twist to be expected from the microcontroller with sensor, the triggering of a safety signal by the microcontroller,
  • in a second step, braking the speed of the speed-controllable collector and slip ring-less electric motor via the motor control electronics,
  • in a further step, if the clutch speed falls below, the interruption of the power transmission path with respect to the transmission of the torque by the speed-dependent clutch,
  • and, in an optional last step, the query and evaluation of the continued existence of the safety signal prior to acceleration of the electric motor by the motor control electronics, which in the event of a starting blockage reliably prevents the electric motor from starting and thus an inadmissibly high degree of rotation of the housing.

Claims (5)

Elektrohandwerkzeuggerät für den Antrieb eines zumindest teilweise eine Drehbewegung ausführenden Werkzeugs, welches innerhalb eines Gehäuses (2) einen über eine Motorsteuerelektronik (3) drehzahlsteuerbaren kollektor- und schleifringlosen Elektromotor (4) zur Erzeugung eines Drehmomentes aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im Kraftübertragungsweg vom Elektromotor (4) zu einem Getriebe (6) eine drehzahlabhängige Kupplung (5) zur Übertragung des Drehmoments angeordnet ist.Electric hand tool device for driving an at least partially rotating tool which, within a housing (2), has a collector and slip ring-free electric motor (4) which can be controlled by motor control electronics (3) for generating a torque, characterized in that in the power transmission path from the electric motor ( 4) a speed-dependent clutch (5) for transmitting the torque is arranged for a gearbox (6). Elektrohandwerkzeuggerät nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gehäuse (2) mit einem Sensor (7) zur Erfassung einer zukünftigen, unzulässig hohen, Verdrehung des Gehäuses (2) verbunden ist.Electric hand tool device according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing (2) is connected to a sensor (7) for detecting a future, impermissibly high, rotation of the housing (2). Elektrohandwerkzeuggerät nach Anspruch 1 oder Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Elektromotor (4) ein geschalteter Reluktanzmotor ist.Electric hand tool device according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the electric motor (4) is a switched reluctance motor. Verfahren für ein Elektrohandwerkzeuggerät nach Anspruch 2 oder Anspruch 3 zur Begrenzung einer unzulässig hohen Verdrehung des Gehäuses (2) im Falle einer Werkzeugblockade, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in einem ersten Schritt bei einer, von dem Sensor (7) registrierten, zukünftig zu erwartenden unzulässigen Verdrehung, ein Sicherheitssignal ausgelöst wird, in einem zweiten Schritt über die Motorsteuerelektronik (3) die Abbremsung der Drehzahl des drehzahlsteuerbaren kollektor- und schleifringlosen Elektromotors (4) erfolgt und in einem weiteren Schritt bei Unterschreitung einer Kupplungsdrehzahl die Unterbrechung des Kraftübertragungsweges bezüglich der Übertragung des Drehmoments durch die drehzahlabhängige Kupplung (5) erfolgt. Method for an electric hand tool device according to claim 2 or claim 3 for limiting an impermissibly high rotation of the housing (2) in the event of a tool blockage, characterized in that a safety signal is triggered in a first step in the event of an inadmissible twist that is to be expected in the future and is registered by the sensor (7), in a second step via the motor control electronics (3) the speed of the speed-controllable collector and slip ring-less electric motor (4) is slowed down and in a further step, if the clutch speed falls below, the power transmission path is interrupted with respect to the transmission of the torque by the speed-dependent clutch (5). Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in einem letzten Schritt vor einer Beschleunigung des Elektromotors (4) durch die Motorsteuerelektronik (3) das Fortbestehen des Sicherheitssignals abgefragt und ausgewertet wird. A method according to claim 4, characterized in that in a last step before the electric motor (4) is accelerated by the motor control electronics (3), the continuation of the safety signal is queried and evaluated.
EP01810392A 2000-05-02 2001-04-23 Rotatable electric hand tool with security system Expired - Lifetime EP1151828B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10021356A DE10021356A1 (en) 2000-05-02 2000-05-02 Rotating electric hand tool device with safety routine has revolution rate dependent coupling in force transfer path from electric motor to gearbox for transferring torque
DE10021356 2000-05-02

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EP1151828A1 true EP1151828A1 (en) 2001-11-07
EP1151828B1 EP1151828B1 (en) 2007-09-12

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US (1) US7011165B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1151828B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4885369B2 (en)
CN (1) CN1186174C (en)
DE (2) DE10021356A1 (en)

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US9199362B2 (en) 2010-01-07 2015-12-01 Black & Decker Inc. Power tool having rotary input control
US9211636B2 (en) 2010-01-07 2015-12-15 Black & Decker Inc. Power tool having rotary input control
US9266178B2 (en) 2010-01-07 2016-02-23 Black & Decker Inc. Power tool having rotary input control
US9321155B2 (en) 2010-01-07 2016-04-26 Black & Decker Inc. Power tool having switch and rotary input control
US9321156B2 (en) 2010-01-07 2016-04-26 Black & Decker Inc. Power tool having rotary input control
US9475180B2 (en) 2010-01-07 2016-10-25 Black & Decker Inc. Power tool having rotary input control
US10160049B2 (en) 2010-01-07 2018-12-25 Black & Decker Inc. Power tool having rotary input control
CN102528770A (en) * 2010-10-28 2012-07-04 喜利得股份公司 Control method for a machine tool and machine tool
USD703017S1 (en) 2011-01-07 2014-04-22 Black & Decker Inc. Screwdriver
US10589413B2 (en) 2016-06-20 2020-03-17 Black & Decker Inc. Power tool with anti-kickback control system
US11192232B2 (en) 2016-06-20 2021-12-07 Black & Decker Inc. Power tool with anti-kickback control system
EP4119299A1 (en) * 2021-07-12 2023-01-18 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Handheld machine tool and use of a handheld machine tool

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CN1186174C (en) 2005-01-26
EP1151828B1 (en) 2007-09-12
US20010042630A1 (en) 2001-11-22
US7011165B2 (en) 2006-03-14
DE50112984D1 (en) 2007-10-25
JP4885369B2 (en) 2012-02-29
DE10021356A1 (en) 2001-11-08
JP2002036142A (en) 2002-02-05
CN1321568A (en) 2001-11-14

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