EP1661845B1 - Hoisting gear and method for using the hoisting gear - Google Patents

Hoisting gear and method for using the hoisting gear Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1661845B1
EP1661845B1 EP05025730A EP05025730A EP1661845B1 EP 1661845 B1 EP1661845 B1 EP 1661845B1 EP 05025730 A EP05025730 A EP 05025730A EP 05025730 A EP05025730 A EP 05025730A EP 1661845 B1 EP1661845 B1 EP 1661845B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
system layout
motor
overload
transmission
layout according
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EP05025730A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1661845A1 (en
Inventor
Rahim Dr. Gross
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MAT Malmedie Antriebstechnik GmbH
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MAT Malmedie Antriebstechnik GmbH
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Priority claimed from DE102004062515A external-priority patent/DE102004062515A1/en
Priority claimed from DE200510027337 external-priority patent/DE102005027337A1/en
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Publication of EP1661845A1 publication Critical patent/EP1661845A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D1/00—Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
    • B66D1/54—Safety gear
    • B66D1/58—Safety gear responsive to excess of load
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/88—Safety gear
    • B66C23/90—Devices for indicating or limiting lifting moment

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the system arrangement of components and groups in hoists of container cranes and a method for operating the system arrangement.
  • the main disadvantages are based on the one hand in the high costs, resulting from complex hydraulic systems or complex electronic controls; on the other hand, the non-decoupling of the engine and transmission or their flywheels that can result in their deceleration significantly larger load peaks than allowed.
  • the control units 15, 15 ' are connected to motion sensors 16, 16' arranged on both sides of the devices 13, 13 'in the form of a coupling.
  • the devices 13, 13 ' have mutually opposed clutch plates 17, 17' with teeth 18, 18 'arranged on the circumference.
  • the control units 15, 15 ' compare the number of the passing teeth 18, 18' during a designated period of time and determine therefrom the movements of the clutch plates 17, 17 '.
  • the control unit controls a part or all of the brakes 11, 11', 14, 14 ', whereupon they stop the cable drums 9, 9'.
  • the motion sensors 16, 16 ' are preferably designed as proximity switches.
  • Claim 7 referred to as aggregate a slip clutch, which in this arrangement, the claim of a partial cancellation of the connection motor and cable drum ideally meet, because it further transmits part of the force during slipping operation.
  • a control system for monitoring speed anomalies of the individual drive and output units (all units of engine 1,1 'to brake disk (10,10')) is present in order to activate the safety brakes 11,11 ' to allow for failure of one of the aggregates.
  • This failure may exemplarily be a break in the drive shafts 2,2 ', 5,5', 7,7 ', the clutches 3,3', 8,8 'or in the transmission 6.
  • the advantage of the device 13 is used, that in the separation process, the ratio of the rotational speeds of the motor 1,1 'and drive shaft 2,2' to the speeds all of the device 13 following aggregates changed. This change is automatically detected by the speed abnormality monitoring control system and can be used to initiate braking operations as required by claim 10.
  • the reduction of the drive power of the motor when an overload occurs is advantageous because it represents a compact and inexpensive design with the integration of the conventional brake system 4,14, 4 ', 14' between the motor and cable drum.
  • the state of the art is that such units are also carried out directly with an integrated coupling.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Control And Safety Of Cranes (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
  • Carriers, Traveling Bodies, And Overhead Traveling Cranes (AREA)
  • Supplying Of Containers To The Packaging Station (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Devices For And Details Of Packaging Control (AREA)

Abstract

Lifting gear arrangement comprises a unit (13) detachedly arranged between a motor (1) and a cable drum (9). An independent claim is also included for a method for operating the lifting gear arrangement. Preferred Features: The unit (13) is formed as a coupling for completely or partially separating the connection. A movement or rotation sensor is arranged on the side of the motor and on the side of the cable drum and a control unit compares the movement.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft die Systemanordnung von Bauteilen und -gruppen in Hubwerken von Containerkranen und ein Verfahren zum Betrieb der Systemanordnung.The invention relates to the system arrangement of components and groups in hoists of container cranes and a method for operating the system arrangement.

Typische Hubwerke bestehen aus: Motor, Motorwelle, Kupplung, gegebenenfalls mit angebauter Bremsscheibe oder -trommel, Bremse, Getriebeeingangswelle, Getriebe, Getriebeausgangswelle, Kupplung, Seiltrommel mit Seilzug und angebauter Bremsscheibe oder -trommel und Sicherheitsbremse. Diese Anordnung kann in einem ein- oder mehrseitigen Getriebe oder in Kombination mehrerer Getriebe erfolgen.Typical hoists consist of: motor, motor shaft, clutch, possibly with built-on brake disc or drum, brake, transmission input shaft, gearbox, transmission output shaft, clutch, cable drum with cable and mounted brake disc or drum and safety brake. This arrangement can be done in a single or multi-sided transmission or in combination with multiple transmissions.

Aus der DE 884 233 C ist ein solches Hubwerk bekannt geworden, bei dem ein Hebel mit einer Kupplung über ein Gestänge zusammenwirkt. Beim Erreichen der für das Hubwerk zugelassenen Lastgrenze löst der Hebel die Kupplung. Die Last am Hubwerk kann anschließend von einer Bremse gehalten werden.From the DE 884 233 C Such a hoist has become known in which a lever cooperates with a coupling via a linkage. When the load limit permitted for the hoist is reached, the lever releases the coupling. The load on the hoist can then be held by a brake.

Aus der GB 30215 A A.D.1910 ist ein Hubwerk bekannt, bei dem eine Kupplung im Lastpfad über ein Gestänge angesteuert wird.From GB 30215 A A.D.1910 a hoist is known in which a coupling in the load path is controlled by a linkage.

Solche Hubwerke sind nach dem heutigen Stand der Technik nicht ausreichend gegen Überlast gesichert. Insbesondere wenn die zu hebende Last eingeklemmt ist, kann es zu erheblichen Überlasten kommen. Dabei wird die durch die Antriebsleistung aufgebrachte Last sogar zeitweise überschritten, wenn bei Auftreten der Verklemmung der Motor oder die Motoren mit hoher Drehzahl durch eigene Schwungmasse viel Rotationsenergie gespeichert haben.Such hoists are not sufficiently secured against overload according to the current state of the art. Especially when the load to be lifted is trapped is, it can come to considerable overloads. In this case, the load applied by the drive power is even exceeded temporarily, if stored at the occurrence of jamming, the engine or the high-speed engines by own flywheel much rotational energy.

Stand der Technik sind Systeme, die durch Kraftmessungen und Torsionsspannungsmessung eine Reduzierung der Antriebsleistung des Motors einleiten. Jedoch führt auch hier die Zeitspanne, die von der Erfassung bis zur tatsächlichen Leistungsreduzierung benötigt wird, zu einer enormen Überlast.The state of the art are systems which initiate a reduction of the drive power of the motor by means of force measurements and torsional stress measurement. However, here too, the time required from the detection to the actual power reduction leads to a huge overload.

In Ausnahmefällen werden spezifische Systeme zur Vermeidung von kritischen Betriebszuständen, deren Ursache in einer Überlast liegt, mittels hydraulischer und/oder pneumatischer Nachgebesysteme unter Einsatz von Umlenkrollen im Seilzug durchgeführt. Des Weiteren können auf elektronischer Basis Messungen (z. B. Drehmoment, Drehzahl, etc.) an verschiedenen Kraftübertragungswellen durchgeführt und über eine entsprechende Steuerung ausgewertet werden.In exceptional cases, specific systems to avoid critical operating conditions, the cause of which is in an overload, carried out by means of hydraulic and / or pneumatic Nachgebesysteme using pulleys in the cable. Furthermore, measurements (eg torque, speed, etc.) on different transmission shafts can be carried out on an electronic basis and evaluated via a corresponding control system.

Diese Systeme führen im kritischen Lastfall zur Einleitung von Bremsvorgängen und Motorabschaltung.These systems lead in the critical load case to initiate braking and engine shutdown.

Die wesentlichen Nachteile liegen zum einen in den hohen Kosten begründet, die sich durch aufwändige Hydrauliksysteme bzw. aufwändige Elektroniksteuerungen ergeben; zum anderen führt die Nichtentkoppelung von Motor und Getriebe bzw. deren Schwungmassen dazu, dass sich bei deren Abbremsung erheblich größere Lastspitzen als zulässig ergeben können.The main disadvantages are based on the one hand in the high costs, resulting from complex hydraulic systems or complex electronic controls; on the other hand, the non-decoupling of the engine and transmission or their flywheels that can result in their deceleration significantly larger load peaks than allowed.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Anordnung der eingangs genannten Art so weiterzubilden, dass die Sicherheit bei einer Bewegung der Last weiter erhöht wird. Weiterhin soll ein Verfahren zum Betrieb der Anordnung geschaffen werden.The object of the invention is to develop an arrangement of the type mentioned so that the safety is further increased in a movement of the load. Furthermore, a method for operating the arrangement is to be created.

Die Aufgabe wird durch die Erfindung gemäß der Ansprüche 1 und 10 und deren zugehöriger Unteransprüche gelöst und ist in der Zeichnung beispielhaft an einem zweiseitigen Getriebe dargestellt.The object is achieved by the invention according to claims 1 and 10 and their associated subclaims and is shown by way of example in the drawing on a two-sided gear.

Die Erfindung lässt zahlreiche Ausführungsformen zu. Zur weiteren Verdeutlichung ihres Grundprinzips sind zwei davon in der Zeichnung dargestellt und werden nachfolgend beschrieben. Diese zeigt in

Fig. 1
eine erfindungsgemäße Systemanordnung mit einer ersten Variante zur Schaltung einer Einrichtung,
Fig. 2
einen Teilbereich der erfindungsgemäße Systemanordnung aus Figur 1 mit einer zweiten Variante zur Schaltung der Einrichtung.
The invention allows numerous embodiments. To further clarify its basic principle, two of them are shown in the drawing and will be described below. This shows in
Fig. 1
a system arrangement according to the invention with a first variant for switching a device,
Fig. 2
a subregion of the system arrangement according to the invention FIG. 1 with a second variant for switching the device.

Ein in den Figuren 1 und 2 dargestelltes Hubwerk hat zwei Motoren 1, 1', die jeweils über Antriebswellen 2, 2', Kupplungen 3, 3' mit angesetzten Bremsscheiben 4, 4' oder Bremstrommeln, Bremsen 14, 14' und über Getriebeeingangswellen 5, 5' mit einem Getriebe 6 verbunden sind. Das Getriebe 6 treibt über Getriebeausgangswellen 7, 7' und Kupplungen 8, 8' Seiltrommeln 9, 9' an. Die Seiltrommeln haben einen Seilzug 12, 12' mit angesetzten Bremsscheiben 10, 10' oder Bremstrommeln und Sicherheitsbremsen 11, 11'. Erfindungsgemäß hat das Hubwerk in den Antriebswellen 2, 2' Einrichtungen 13, 13', die bei einer eine vorgesehene Last übersteigenden Überlast die Verbindung zwischen den Motoren 1, 1' und den Seiltrommeln 9, 9' ganz oder teilweise trennen. Damit wird verhindert, dass der Antrieb durch die Überlast ganz oder teilweise zerstört wird. Mit der Trennung der Motoren 1, 1' von den Seiltrommeln 9, 9' durch die Einrichtungen 13, 13' werden einige oder alle Bremsen 11, 11', 14, 14' aktiviert, wodurch die zu hebende Last gehalten wird. Durch die Trennung der Motoren 1, 1' vom Getriebe 6 wird auch die Einleitung von kinetischer Restenergie nach einem Abschalten der Motoren 1, 1' in die Seiltrommeln 9, 9' verhindert. In weiteren, nicht dargestellten Ausführungsformen kann die Einrichtung 13, 13' auch innerhalb des Getriebes 6 oder vor den Seiltrommeln 9, 9' angeordnet sein.One in the FIGS. 1 and 2 illustrated hoist has two motors 1, 1 ', respectively via drive shafts 2, 2', clutches 3, 3 'with attached brake discs 4, 4' or brake drums, brakes 14, 14 'and transmission input shafts 5, 5' with a gear. 6 are connected. The transmission 6 drives gear output shafts 7, 7 'and clutches 8, 8' rope drums 9, 9 '. The cable drums have a cable 12, 12 'with attached brake discs 10, 10' or brake drums and safety brakes 11, 11 '. According to the invention, the hoist in the drive shafts 2, 2 'devices 13, 13', the connection between the motors 1, 1 'and the cable drums 9, 9' completely or partially separate at an intended load exceeding overload. This prevents the drive from being completely or partially destroyed by the overload. With the separation of the motors 1, 1 'from the cable drums 9, 9' by means 13, 13 ', some or all of the brakes 11, 11', 14, 14 'are activated, thereby holding the load to be lifted. By the separation of the motors 1, 1 'from the transmission 6, the introduction of kinetic residual energy after a shutdown of the motors 1, 1' in the cable drums 9, 9 'prevented. In further embodiments, not shown, the device 13, 13 'also within the transmission 6 or in front of the cable drums 9, 9' may be arranged.

Weiterhin hat das Hubwerk zwei Steuereinheiten 15, 15' zur Ansteuerung der Bremsen 11, 11', 14, 14'. Zur Erkennung der Schaltung der Einrichtung 13, 13' werden folgende zwei Varianten bevorzugt eingesetzt:Furthermore, the hoist has two control units 15, 15 'for controlling the brakes 11, 11', 14, 14 '. For recognizing the circuit of the device 13, 13 ', the following two variants are preferably used:

Eine erste Variante ist in Figur 1 dargestellt:A first variant is in FIG. 1 shown:

Die Steuereinheiten 15, 15' sind mit auf beiden Seiten der als Kupplung ausgebildeten Einrichtungen 13, 13' angeordneten Bewegungssensoren 16, 16' verbunden. Die Einrichtungen 13, 13' weisen einander gegenüberstehende Kupplungsscheiben 17, 17' mit auf dem Umfang angeordneten Zähnen 18, 18' auf. Die Bewegungssensoren 16, 16' zählen ein Vorbeibewegen der Zähne 18, 18' der Kupplungsscheiben 17, 17'. Die Steuereinheiten 15, 15' vergleichen die Anzahl der vorbeibewegten Zähne 18, 18' während einer vorgesehenen Zeitspanne und ermitteln daraus die Bewegungen der Kupplungsscheiben 17, 17'. Bei einer unbeabsichtigten Differenz der Bewegungen der Kupplungsscheiben 17, 17' steuert die Steuereinheit einen Teil oder sämtliche Bremsen 11, 11', 14, 14' an, worauf diese die Seiltrommeln 9, 9' anhalten. Die Bewegungssensoren 16, 16' sind vorzugsweise als Näherungsschalter ausgebildet.The control units 15, 15 'are connected to motion sensors 16, 16' arranged on both sides of the devices 13, 13 'in the form of a coupling. The devices 13, 13 'have mutually opposed clutch plates 17, 17' with teeth 18, 18 'arranged on the circumference. The motion sensors 16, 16 'include a passage of the teeth 18, 18' of the clutch plates 17, 17 '. The control units 15, 15 'compare the number of the passing teeth 18, 18' during a designated period of time and determine therefrom the movements of the clutch plates 17, 17 '. In an unintentional difference in the movements of the clutch plates 17, 17 ', the control unit controls a part or all of the brakes 11, 11', 14, 14 ', whereupon they stop the cable drums 9, 9'. The motion sensors 16, 16 'are preferably designed as proximity switches.

Eine in Figur 2 dargestellte Variante der Einrichtung 13 zeigt, wie die Steuereinheiten 15, 15' mit den auf der motorseitigen Hälfte der als Kupplung ausgebildeten Einrichtungen 13, 13' angeordneten Bewegungssensoren 24 verbunden sind. Die Einrichtungen 13, 13' weisen auf der Motorseite axial angeordnete Bolzen 23 auf, die wiederum fest 22 oder lose 22' mit einer Scheibe 22 verbunden sind. Die Bewegungssensoren 24 detektieren im Falle einer Schaltung der Einrichtung 13, 13' die axiale Bewegung der Bolzen 23 und der Scheibe 22, 22' und leiten das Signal an die Steuereinheit weiter. Die Steuereinheit steuert einen Teil oder sämtliche Bremsen 11, 11', 14, 14' an, worauf diese die Seiltrommeln 9, 9' anhalten. Die Bewegungssensoren 24 sind vorzugsweise als Näherungsschalter ausgebildet.An in FIG. 2 illustrated variant of the device 13 shows how the control units 15, 15 'formed with the on the motor side half of the clutch Means 13, 13 'arranged motion sensors 24 are connected. The devices 13, 13 'have on the motor side axially arranged bolts 23, which in turn fixed 22 or loose 22' are connected to a disc 22. The motion sensors 24 detect in the case of a circuit of the device 13, 13 ', the axial movement of the pin 23 and the disc 22, 22' and forward the signal to the control unit. The control unit controls a part or all of the brakes 11, 11 ', 14, 14', whereupon they stop the cable drums 9, 9 '. The motion sensors 24 are preferably designed as proximity switches.

Die Steuereinheiten beider Varianten sind zudem mit Drehzahlsensoren 19, 19', 20, 20' der Motoren 1, 1' und der Seiltrommeln 9, 9' verbunden. Damit können vor dem Betrieb des Hubwerks die Bremsen 11, 11' 14, 14' der Reihe nach getestet werden, indem die Steuereinheiten 15, 15' zunächst die Bremsen 11, 11' 14, 14' ansteuern, wodurch die Bewegung der entsprechenden Bremsscheiben 4, 4', 10, 10' blockiert. Anschließend wird der Motor 1, 1' gestartet und die Drehzahlen der Seiltrommeln 9, 9' und gegebenenfalls der Motoren 1, 1' erfasst. Wenn beispielsweise trotz angezogener Bremsen 11, 11' 14, 14' die an der Seiltrommel 9, 9' angeordneten Drehzahlsensoren 20, 20' eine Bewegung der Seiltrommel 9, 9' über das normale Spiel hinaus erfassen, reicht die Bremsleistung für einen sicheren Betrieb des Hubwerks nicht aus. In diesem Falle wird eine Anzeigeeinheit 21, 21' für den Bediener des Hubwerks aktiviert und ein Neustart des Hubwerks verhindert oder ausschließlich ein Notbetrieb des Hubwerks ermöglicht.The control units of both variants are also connected to speed sensors 19, 19 ', 20, 20' of the motors 1, 1 'and the cable drums 9, 9'. Thus, before the operation of the hoist, the brakes 11, 11 '14, 14' in turn be tested by the control units 15, 15 'first the brakes 11, 11' 14, 14 'drive, whereby the movement of the respective brake discs 4th Blocked, 4 ', 10, 10'. Subsequently, the engine 1, 1 'is started and the speeds of the cable drums 9, 9' and optionally the motors 1, 1 'detected. If, for example, despite tightened brakes 11, 11 '14, 14' on the cable drum 9, 9 'arranged speed sensors 20, 20' detect movement of the cable drum 9, 9 'beyond the normal game addition, the braking power for safe operation of Hoist not out. In this case, a display unit 21, 21 'is activated for the operator of the hoist and prevents a restart of the hoist or only allows emergency operation of the hoist.

Die Gestaltung der Systemanordnung nach Anspruch 3 hat den Vorteil, dass die Bewegungssensoren derart angebracht sind, dass sie eine Auslösung der Vorrichtung (13) detektieren und ein Signal an die Steuereinheit (15) weiterleiten können.The design of the system arrangement according to claim 3 has the advantage that the motion sensors are mounted in such a way that they can detect a triggering of the device (13) and forward a signal to the control unit (15).

Vorteilhaft ist die Ausführung nach Anspruch 2, bei der die Trennung nicht wieder selbständig hergestellt wird. Auf diese Weise wird ausgeschlossen, dass der Betreiber der Anlage ohne Sichtkontrolle der zu schützenden Aggregate den Betrieb wieder aufnimmt.Advantageous is the embodiment according to claim 2, wherein the separation is not made independently again. In this way, it is excluded that the operator of the system without visual inspection of the units to be protected resumes operation.

Anspruch 7 bezeichnet als Aggregat eine Rutschkupplung, die in dieser Anordnung dem Anspruch einer teilweisen Aufhebung der Verbindung Motor und Seiltrommel ideal gerecht wird, da sie im Rutschbetrieb einen Teil der Kraft weiter überträgt. Durch Betätigung einer nachgeschalteten lastseitigen Bremse gemäß Anspruch 6 kann hier der Überlastfall wieder zurückgenommen werden, die Rutschkupplung wieder in den Haftreibungszustand kommen und das Hubwerk sofort weiter betrieben werden.Claim 7 referred to as aggregate a slip clutch, which in this arrangement, the claim of a partial cancellation of the connection motor and cable drum ideally meet, because it further transmits part of the force during slipping operation. By actuation of a downstream load-side brake according to claim 6, the overload case can be withdrawn here again, the slip clutch come back into the static friction state and the hoist operated immediately.

Durch die vollständige Trennung von Motor und Seiltrommel kann jegliche Überlast zu 100% ausgeschlossen werden.Due to the complete separation of motor and cable drum, any overload can be 100% excluded.

Günstig ist die Ausführung nach Anspruch 10, bei der die zum Stand der Technik gehörenden Betriebsbremsen 14, 14' und Sicherheitsbremsen 11,11' die lastseitige Kraft aufnehmen, die von der Einrichtung 13 freigegeben werden. In diesem Zusammenhang ist die Ausführung nach Anspruch 12 ebenfalls vorteilhaft, da die überschüssige Motorleistung im Überlastfall reduziert wird.Conveniently, the embodiment of claim 10, wherein the belonging to the prior art service brakes 14, 14 'and safety brakes 11,11' record the load-side force, which are released by the device 13. In this context, the embodiment according to claim 12 is also advantageous because the excess motor power is reduced in case of overload.

Eine mechanische Trennung zwischen Motor und Seiltrommel in der Einrichtung 13 hat den Vorteil, ohne jegliche Fremdenergie eigenständig zu arbeiten. Hydraulische Lösungen können hingegen mit geringem Bauvolumen und -grössen hohe Leistungsdichten erzielen, wodurch die Schwungmasse der Einrichtung 13 klein gehalten wird. Für die elektronische Weiterverwertung der in Aktion getretenen Einrichtung 13 ist aber auch eine elektrische Ausführung vorteilhaft, weil sie in direkter Weise ein Signal zur Trennung annimmt.A mechanical separation between the motor and cable drum in the device 13 has the advantage of working independently without any external energy. Hydraulic solutions, however, can achieve high power densities with low volume and size, whereby the inertia of the device 13 is kept small. For the electronic further utilization of the device 13 that has come into action, however, an electrical version is also advantageous because it directly assumes a signal for disconnection.

Insbesondere für die Nachrüstung bestehender Hubwerke ist die Integration des Überwachungssystems zur Erkennung von Überlastfällen innerhalb der Einrichtung 13 vorteilhaft. Diese Ausführung benötigt dann keine weiteren aufwändigen Nachrüstungen von weiteren Systemen an den bestehenden Hubwerken und kann somit autark wirken.In particular, for the retrofitting of existing hoists the integration of the monitoring system for detecting overloads within the device 13 is advantageous. This design then requires no further extensive retrofitting of other systems on the existing hoists and can thus act self-sufficient.

In vielen Hubwerken ist nach dem Stand der Technik ein Kontrollsystem zur Überwachung von Drehzahlanomalien der einzelnen An- und Abtriebseinheiten (alle Aggregate von Motor 1,1' bis Bremsscheibe (10,10')) vorhanden, um eine Aktivierung der Sicherheitsbremsen 11,11' bei Versagen eines der Aggregate zu ermöglichen. Dieses Versagen kann beispielhaft ein Bruch in den Antriebswellen 2,2',5,5',7,7', der Kupplungen 3,3',8,8' oder im Getriebe 6 sein. In Anspruch 10 wird der Vorteil der Einrichtung 13 genutzt, dass sich bei dem Trennvorgang das Verhältnis der Drehzahlen von Motor 1,1' und Antriebswelle 2,2' zu den Drehzahlen aller der Einrichtung 13 folgenden Aggregate verändert. Diese Veränderung wird automatisch durch das Kontrollsystem zur Überwachung von Drehzahlanomalien erfasst und kann entsprechend zur Einleitung von Bremsvorgängen gemäß Anspruch 10 genutzt werden.In many hoists, according to the prior art, a control system for monitoring speed anomalies of the individual drive and output units (all units of engine 1,1 'to brake disk (10,10')) is present in order to activate the safety brakes 11,11 ' to allow for failure of one of the aggregates. This failure may exemplarily be a break in the drive shafts 2,2 ', 5,5', 7,7 ', the clutches 3,3', 8,8 'or in the transmission 6. In claim 10, the advantage of the device 13 is used, that in the separation process, the ratio of the rotational speeds of the motor 1,1 'and drive shaft 2,2' to the speeds all of the device 13 following aggregates changed. This change is automatically detected by the speed abnormality monitoring control system and can be used to initiate braking operations as required by claim 10.

Die Herabsetzung der Antriebsleistung des Motors beim Auftreten einer Überlast ist vorteilhaft, weil sie mit der Integration des gebräuchlichen Bremssystems 4,14, 4', 14' zwischen Motor und Seiltrommel eine kompakte und kostengünstige Bauart darstellt. Stand der Technik ist, dass solche Aggregate auch direkt mit einer integrierten Kupplung ausgeführt werden.The reduction of the drive power of the motor when an overload occurs is advantageous because it represents a compact and inexpensive design with the integration of the conventional brake system 4,14, 4 ', 14' between the motor and cable drum. The state of the art is that such units are also carried out directly with an integrated coupling.

Claims (13)

  1. System layout of a hoist, particularly for a container crane for lifting loads, said layout having a transmission (6) and a motor (1), the drive shaft (2) of which is connected to an input side (5) of the transmission, and the output side (7) of the transmission is connected to a cable drum (9), there being provided, between the motor (1) and the transmission (6), an apparatus (13) by which the connection between the motor (1) and cable drum (9) can be wholly or partially severed in the event of an overload, characterised in that the apparatus (13) has bolts (23, 23') which can be disengaged and that said bolts (23, 23') are connected to a disc (22), or a disc (22) is located immediately in front of or behind said bolts (23, 23').
  2. System layout according to claim 1, characterised in that the apparatus (13) that responds to overload is constructed as a clutch for the complete or partial separation of the connection, without re-establishing the said connection independently.
  3. System layout according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that a movement or rotation sensor (16) is arranged on the motor (1) side and on the cable drum (9) side, in each case, viewed from the apparatus (13) side, and that a control unit (15) for comparing the movements is provided.
  4. System layout according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the control unit (15) for detecting the axial movement of the disc (22, 22') which is moved by the disengaging bolts (23, 23') preferably has a proximity sensor (24).
  5. System layout according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterised in that mutually opposed halves (17) of the clutch of the apparatus (13) have markings and that the movement sensors (16) are constructed for the purpose of scanning the markings.
  6. System layout according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the control unit (15) has means for activating at least one brake (11, 14).
  7. System layout according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the apparatus (13) that responds to overload is a slipping clutch or a separating clutch.
  8. System layout according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the apparatus (13) that responds to overload is a clutch of the mechanical, hydraulic, electric or electromagnetic type or of a combination of these types, and is arranged between the motor (1) and the transmission (6).
  9. System layout according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the apparatus (13) that responds to overload is constructed as a clutch for completely or partially separating the connection and for independently re-establishing the connection or for re-establishing the connection with the aid of a control signal.
  10. Method of operating the system layout according to the preceding claims 3 to 9, characterised in that movements from both sides of the apparatus are measured and compared with one another and that, in the event of a difference in the movements above a scheduled value, at least one brake for locking the cable drum and/or the transmission is activated.
  11. Method according to claim 10, characterised in that, by means of an additional apparatus, the forces at the apparatus after the sliding friction state has occurred are reduced at least to the point at which the static friction state is reached again.
  12. Method according to claim 10 or 11, characterised in that the driving power of the motor is lowered at the same time as, or after, an overload occurs, in conjunction with the action of the apparatus for reducing the forces.
  13. Method according to at least one of claims 10 to 12, characterised in that the triggering of one or more brakes is initiated with the aid of rotational-speed measurements and an evaluation of differences in rotational speed at the various power-transmitting shafts or at the assemblies connected to the said shafts.
EP05025730A 2004-11-25 2005-11-25 Hoisting gear and method for using the hoisting gear Active EP1661845B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004057039 2004-11-25
DE102004062515A DE102004062515A1 (en) 2004-11-25 2004-12-24 Lifting gear arrangement for a container crane for lifting loads comprises a unit detachedly arranged between a motor and a cable drum
DE200510027337 DE102005027337A1 (en) 2005-06-13 2005-06-13 Lifting gear arrangement for a container crane for lifting loads comprises a unit detachedly arranged between a motor and a cable drum

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1661845A1 EP1661845A1 (en) 2006-05-31
EP1661845B1 true EP1661845B1 (en) 2012-03-21

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05025730A Active EP1661845B1 (en) 2004-11-25 2005-11-25 Hoisting gear and method for using the hoisting gear

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US7970520B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1661845B1 (en)
KR (1) KR101283328B1 (en)
CN (1) CN101102958B (en)
AT (1) ATE550287T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2588461C (en)
DE (1) DE112005003429A5 (en)
ES (1) ES2383899T3 (en)
HK (1) HK1108679A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2006056193A1 (en)

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DE102015100181A1 (en) 2015-01-08 2016-07-14 M. A. T. Malmedie Antriebstechnik Gmbh System arrangement of hoists and method for operating the system arrangement
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2006056193A1 (en) 2006-06-01
US20080140289A1 (en) 2008-06-12
KR101283328B1 (en) 2013-07-15
ES2383899T3 (en) 2012-06-27
CN101102958A (en) 2008-01-09
CA2588461A1 (en) 2006-06-01
ATE550287T1 (en) 2012-04-15
US7970520B2 (en) 2011-06-28
HK1108679A1 (en) 2008-05-16
DE112005003429A5 (en) 2007-10-31
WO2006056193B1 (en) 2006-11-02
EP1661845A1 (en) 2006-05-31
CA2588461C (en) 2014-08-26
KR20070094734A (en) 2007-09-21
CN101102958B (en) 2011-05-11

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