EP1151827B1 - Hand tool with electrical percussion system - Google Patents

Hand tool with electrical percussion system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1151827B1
EP1151827B1 EP01810391A EP01810391A EP1151827B1 EP 1151827 B1 EP1151827 B1 EP 1151827B1 EP 01810391 A EP01810391 A EP 01810391A EP 01810391 A EP01810391 A EP 01810391A EP 1151827 B1 EP1151827 B1 EP 1151827B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hand tool
electric hand
unit
tool according
rotor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01810391A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1151827A1 (en
Inventor
Ferdinand Kristen
Hans-Werner Bongers-Ambrosius
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hilti AG
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Hilti AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hilti AG filed Critical Hilti AG
Publication of EP1151827A1 publication Critical patent/EP1151827A1/en
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Publication of EP1151827B1 publication Critical patent/EP1151827B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D11/00—Portable percussive tools with electromotor or other motor drive
    • B25D11/06—Means for driving the impulse member
    • B25D11/12—Means for driving the impulse member comprising a crank mechanism
    • B25D11/125—Means for driving the impulse member comprising a crank mechanism with a fluid cushion between the crank drive and the striking body
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D17/00—Details of, or accessories for, portable power-driven percussive tools
    • B25D17/24—Damping the reaction force
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D2211/00—Details of portable percussive tools with electromotor or other motor drive
    • B25D2211/006—Parallel drill and motor spindles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D2250/00—General details of portable percussive tools; Components used in portable percussive tools
    • B25D2250/121—Housing details
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D2250/00—General details of portable percussive tools; Components used in portable percussive tools
    • B25D2250/195—Regulation means

Definitions

  • the invention refers to an at least partially striking electric hand tool device, for example a hammer drill or a chisel hammer, preferably with a pneumatic impact mechanism.
  • the rotational movement of an electric drive is at least partially transformed by means of suitable transformation gear, usually eccentric or wobble, in a reciprocating motion of the exciter piston.
  • damping of this recoil energy by a relative movement of two modules with the interposition of a damping element depends in principle on the dissipative portion of the deformation energy of the damping element and in particular increases both with the deformation force amplitude and with the Deformationswegamplitude.
  • an electric hand tool device for producing an at least striking movement of a tool has a housing, with a percussion mechanism and an electric drive with a rotatable rotor with a rotor axis oriented parallel to the tool axis. Both the impact mechanism and the electric drive form one and the same assembly within the housing.
  • the object of the invention is to further minimize the vibrations in beating electric hand tool devices.
  • Another aspect of this invention is the realization of a low-wear drive chain between two relatively movable, vibration-decoupled modules of the electric hand tool device
  • one, along the tool axis limited axially movable, first assembly in addition to the percussion includes a rotatable parallel to the vibration of the first assembly rotor axis, rotor of the electric drive and advantageously a transformation gear.
  • the vibration decoupled second assembly includes the stator of the electric drive and the housing.
  • the mass ratio of both modules is shifted toward a relatively larger mass of the first assembly, including in the direction of a mass equality of both modules.
  • more recoil energy can be dissipated by a damping element arranged between the two assemblies, whereby the vibration amplitude of the second assembly with the housing is reduced.
  • damping elements made of viscoelastic material are used, which dissipate a lot of energy at the vibration frequency in the working temperature range of the electric hand tool.
  • the drive chain for the impact generation and / or rotational movement of the electric hand tool has a low-wear coupling means with respect to the relative movement, which is formed as a torque-locking coupling by a magnetic rotating field of the stator to an axially movable, brushless rotor.
  • a low-wear coupling means with respect to the relative movement, which is formed as a torque-locking coupling by a magnetic rotating field of the stator to an axially movable, brushless rotor.
  • a striking electric hand tool device 1 has a bearing, eg sliding or roller bearing, bounded along a tool axis A, for example. 10 mm, movable first assembly with a percussion mechanism 2, which one, a reciprocating motion exporting, excitation piston 3, with a transformation gear 4, which includes an eccentric and two orthogonally intermeshing bevel gears, and with a parallel to the first vibration I of the first assembly about a rotor axis B rotatable and along this axially displaceable axially, brushless rotor 5 of an electric drive and a second Assembly with the second vibration II, which includes a housing 6, a stator 7 of the electric drive and the associated Elektroantriebselektronik 8 and relative to the first assembly via a prestressed elastic spring 9, for example.
  • a helical compression spring, with a parallel thereto damping element 10 made of viscoelastic Material bezü like vibration I, II is vibration decoupled.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezeichnet ein zumindest teilweise schlagendes Elektrohandwerkzeuggerät, bspw. einen Bohrhammer oder einen Meisselhammer, mit vorzugsweise einem pneumatischen Schlagwerk.The invention refers to an at least partially striking electric hand tool device, for example a hammer drill or a chisel hammer, preferably with a pneumatic impact mechanism.

Elektrohandwerkzeuggeräte mit pneumatischem Schlagwerk benutzen zur Erzeugung des Schlages eine hin- und hergehende schwingende Bewegung, welche auf eine Gasfeder zwischen einem in einem Hohlzylinder dichtend relativ zu diesem beweglichen Erregerkolben und einem distanzierten in Richtung der Werkzeugachse dichtend beweglichen Schlagmittel aufgebracht wird. Dazu wird die Drehbewegung eines Elektroantriebs zumindest teilweise mittels geeigneter Transformationsgetriebe, meist Exzenter- oder Taumelschwinger, in eine Hin- und Herbewegung des Erregerkolbens transformiert. Bei zweckentsprechender Benutzung wirkt im Kraftweg die in Werkzeugrichtung axiale Gegenkraft als Rückstoss des Schlages über das Werkzeug, das Schlagwerk, das Transformationsgetriebe und dessen Lagerung auf das Gehäuse und verursacht störende Vibrationen bei dem, die Kraft aufbringenden, Benutzer.Electric hand tool devices with pneumatic percussion use to generate the shock a reciprocating oscillating motion, which is applied to a gas spring between a hollow cylinder in a sealing relative to this movable exciter piston and a distanced in the direction of the tool axis sealingly movable impact means. For this purpose, the rotational movement of an electric drive is at least partially transformed by means of suitable transformation gear, usually eccentric or wobble, in a reciprocating motion of the exciter piston. When appropriate use acts in the force path in the tool axial axial force as recoil of the blow on the tool, the percussion mechanism, the transformation gear and its storage on the housing and causes disturbing vibrations in the, the force applying, users.

Es ist aus der Physik der erzwungenen Amplitudenschwingungen eines Federpendels prinzipiell bekannt, dass besonders hohe Vibrationsamplituden im mechanischen Resonanzfall auftreten bzw. umgekehrt die Vibrationsamplituden durch weit auseinander liegende Eigen- und Vibrationsfrequenzen wirkungsvoll gedämpft werden können. In die Eigenfrequenz eines Federpendels geht die Schwingmasse und die Federkonstante ein, welche im Nutzungsfall bei einem einfachen schlagenden Elektrohandwerkzeuggerät durch dessen Masse und die Federkonstante des Nutzers bei der Handhabung ausgebildet wird. Abhängig von der Schlagzahl als Vibrationsfrequenz stellt sich demnach eine bestimmte Vibrationsamplitude des Elektrohandwerkzeuggeräts ein.It is known in principle from the physics of the forced amplitude oscillations of a spring pendulum that particularly high vibration amplitudes occur in the mechanical resonance case or vice versa, the vibration amplitudes can be effectively damped by widely spaced natural and vibrational frequencies. In the natural frequency of a spring pendulum is the oscillating mass and the spring constant, which is formed in the case of use in a simple beating electric hand tool by its mass and the spring constant of the user in handling. Depending on the number of strokes as the vibration frequency, a certain vibration amplitude of the electric hand tool device thus arises.

Nach der US3918535 wird in den Kraftweg zwischen dem axial verschiebbaren Schlagwerk und dem Gehäuse eine, zur Verlagerung des Arbeitspunktes vorgespannte, Druckfeder vorgesehen, welche die erste axial verschiebbare Baugruppe des Schlagwerks von der zweiten Baugruppe mit dem Gehäuse teilweise schwingungsentkoppelt und über die dadurch entstehende Relativbewegung dieser Baugruppe zum Gehäuse über Dämpfungselemente gedämpft werden kann. Das somit zwangsläufig entstandene System zweier gekoppelter gleichgerichteter Schwinger beinhaltet eine relativ kleine Masse der Baugruppe des Schlagwerks, welches durch den Rückstoss des Schlages somit stark schwingt. Die relativ grössere Masse der zweiten Baugruppe mit dem Gehäuse führt, abhängig von deren Eigenfrequenz, eine erzwungene Schwingung mit geringerer Vibrationsamplitude aus.After US3918535 is provided in the force path between the axially displaceable impact mechanism and the housing, biased to shift the operating point, compression spring which partially decouples the first axially movable assembly of the percussion of the second assembly with the housing and the resulting relative movement of this assembly to the housing via damping elements can be dampened. The inevitably resulting system of two coupled rectified oscillator includes a relatively small mass of the assembly of the percussion, which thus strongly oscillates by the recoil of the blow. The relatively larger mass of the second assembly with the housing performs, depending on their natural frequency, a forced vibration with a lower vibration amplitude.

Die Dämpfung dieser Rückstossenergie durch eine Relativbewegung zweier Baugruppen unter Zwischenschaltung eines Dämpfungselements hängt prinzipiell von dem dissipativen Anteil der Deformationsenergie des Dämpfungselementes ab und steigt insbesondere sowohl mit der Deformationskraftamplitude als auch mit der Deformationswegamplitude.The damping of this recoil energy by a relative movement of two modules with the interposition of a damping element depends in principle on the dissipative portion of the deformation energy of the damping element and in particular increases both with the deformation force amplitude and with the Deformationswegamplitude.

Nach der US5927407 werden bei den Dämpfungselementen zur Reduzierung der Vibrationen der schwingungsmässig entkoppelten Baugruppen von Handwerkzeuggeräten sechs, in axialer Richtung dämpfende, Elastomerbauteile verwendet, welche bezüglich ihrer viscoelastischen Energiedissipation auf die Vibrationsfrequenz optimiert sind. Eine derartige Lösung vermindert die Vibrationsamplitude nur relativ zum Fall ohne Dämpfungselemente.After US5927407 are used in the damping elements to reduce the vibration of decoupled assemblies of hand tool devices six, damping in the axial direction, elastomer components, which are optimized with respect to their viscoelastic energy dissipation to the vibration frequency. Such a solution reduces the vibration amplitude only relative to the case without damping elements.

Nach der US5806609 weist ein Elektrohandwerkzeuggerät zur Erzeugung einer zumindest schlagenden Bewegung eines Werkzeugs ein Gehäuse auf, mit einem Schlagwerk und einem Elektroantrieb mit einem drehbaren Rotor mit einer parallel zur Werkzeugachse orientierten Rotorachse. Dabei bilden sowohl das Schlagwerk als auch der Elektroantrieb ein und dieselbe Baugruppe innerhalb des Gehäuses aus.After US5806609 For example, an electric hand tool device for producing an at least striking movement of a tool has a housing, with a percussion mechanism and an electric drive with a rotatable rotor with a rotor axis oriented parallel to the tool axis. Both the impact mechanism and the electric drive form one and the same assembly within the housing.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht in der weiteren Minimierung der Vibrationen bei schlagenden Elektrohandwerkzeuggeräten. Ein weiterer Aspekt dieser Erfindung besteht in der Realisierung einer verschleissarmen Antriebskette zwischen zwei relativ zueinander beweglichen, schwingungsentkoppelten Baugruppen des ElektrohandwerkzeuggerätesThe object of the invention is to further minimize the vibrations in beating electric hand tool devices. Another aspect of this invention is the realization of a low-wear drive chain between two relatively movable, vibration-decoupled modules of the electric hand tool device

Die Aufgabe wird im wesentlichen durch die Merkmale der unabhängigen Ansprüche gelöst. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.The object is essentially achieved by the features of the independent claims. Advantageous developments emerge from the subclaims.

Im wesentlichen beinhaltet eine, längs der Werkzeugachse begrenzt axial bewegliche, erste Baugruppe neben dem Schlagwerk einen, um eine parallel zur Vibration der ersten Baugruppe orientierten Rotorachse drehbaren, Rotor des Elektroantriebs sowie vorteilhaft ein Transformationsgetriebe. Die schwingungsentkoppelte zweite Baugruppe beinhaltet den Stator des Elektroantriebs und das Gehäuse.Essentially, one, along the tool axis limited axially movable, first assembly in addition to the percussion includes a rotatable parallel to the vibration of the first assembly rotor axis, rotor of the electric drive and advantageously a transformation gear. The vibration decoupled second assembly includes the stator of the electric drive and the housing.

Dadurch vergrössert sich die schwingungstechnisch zu beachtende Masse der ersten Baugruppe, welche die Masse des Schlagwerks, des Transformationsgetriebes und des Rotors addiert, relativ zur grösseren Masse der zweiten Baugruppe, welche die Masse des Stators und des Gehäuses sowie optional die Masse der Elektroantriebselektronik addiert. Durch die nunmehr absolut höhere Masse der ersten Baugruppe reduziert sich die durch die gleiche Rückstossenergie erzeugte Vibrationsamplitude der ersten Baugruppe.This increases the mass of the first assembly to be considered in terms of vibration, which adds the mass of the impact mechanism, the transformation gear and the rotor, relative to the larger mass of the second assembly, which adds the mass of the stator and the housing and optionally the mass of the electric drive electronics. Due to the now absolutely higher mass of the first assembly reduces the vibration amplitude of the first assembly generated by the same recoil energy.

Zudem wird das Massenverhältnis beider Baugruppen in Richtung zu einer relativ grösseren Masse der ersten Baugruppe verschoben, einschliesslich in Richtung auf eine Massengleichheit beider Baugruppen. Somit kann durch ein zwischen beiden Baugruppen angeordnetes Dämpfungselement mehr Rückstossenergie dissipiert werden, wodurch die Vibrationsamplitude der zweiten Baugruppe mit dem Gehäuse vermindert wird.In addition, the mass ratio of both modules is shifted toward a relatively larger mass of the first assembly, including in the direction of a mass equality of both modules. Thus, more recoil energy can be dissipated by a damping element arranged between the two assemblies, whereby the vibration amplitude of the second assembly with the housing is reduced.

Vorteilhaft werden Dämpfungselemente aus viscoelastischem Material verwendet, welches bei der Vibrationsfrequenz im Arbeitstemperaturbereich des Elektrohandwerkzeugs viel Energie dissipieren.Advantageously, damping elements made of viscoelastic material are used, which dissipate a lot of energy at the vibration frequency in the working temperature range of the electric hand tool.

Die Antriebskette für die Schlagerzeugung und/oder Drehbewegung des Elektrohandwerkzeugs weist ein verschleissarmes Kupplungsmittel bezüglich der Relativbewegung auf, welche als drehmomentschlüssige Kupplung durch ein magnetisches Drehfeld des Stators auf einen axial beweglichen, kollektorlosen Rotor ausgebildet wird. Insbesondere werden keine mechanischen kraftübertragenden, und somit verschleissanfälligen, Kupplungsmittel zum Ausgleich der Relativbewegung zwischen beiden Baugruppen benötigt. Bei einem kollektorlosen Rotor entfallen zudem die bei einer axialen Bewegung verschleissenden Kollektoren.The drive chain for the impact generation and / or rotational movement of the electric hand tool has a low-wear coupling means with respect to the relative movement, which is formed as a torque-locking coupling by a magnetic rotating field of the stator to an axially movable, brushless rotor. In particular, no mechanical force-transmitting, and thus wear-prone, coupling means to compensate for the relative movement between the two assemblies are needed. With a brushless rotor, the collectors which wear during an axial movement are also eliminated.

Die Erfindung wird bezüglich eines vorteilhaften Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert mit:

  • Fig. 1 als schlagendes Elektrohandwerkzeuggerät.
The invention will be explained in more detail with respect to an advantageous embodiment with:
  • Fig. 1 as a beating electric hand tool.

Nach Fig. 1 weist ein schlagendes Elektrohandwerkzeuggerät 1 eine über Lagerungen, bspw. Gleit- oder Wälzlager, längs einer Werkzeugachse A begrenzt, bspw. 10 mm, bewegliche erste Baugruppe mit einem Schlagwerk 2, welches einen, eine Hin- und Herbewegung ausführenden, Erregerkolben 3 beinhaltet, mit einem Transformationsgetriebe 4, welches einen Exzenter und zwei rechtwinkelig ineinandergreifende Kegelräder beinhaltet, und mit einem, parallel zur ersten Vibration I der ersten Baugruppe um eine Rotorachse B drehbaren und längs dieser begrenzt axial verschiebbaren, kollektorlosen Rotor 5 eines Elektroantriebs sowie eine zweite Baugruppe mit der zweiten Vibration II auf, welche ein Gehäuse 6, einen Stator 7 des Elektroantriebs und die zugeordnete Elektroantriebselektronik 8 beinhaltet und relativ zur ersten Baugruppe über eine vorgespannte elastische Feder 9, bspw. eine Spiraldruckfeder, mit einem dazu parallel geschalteten Dämpfungselement 10 aus viscoelastischem Material bezüglich der Vibrationen I, II schwingungsentkoppelt ist.According to FIG. 1, a striking electric hand tool device 1 has a bearing, eg sliding or roller bearing, bounded along a tool axis A, for example. 10 mm, movable first assembly with a percussion mechanism 2, which one, a reciprocating motion exporting, excitation piston 3, with a transformation gear 4, which includes an eccentric and two orthogonally intermeshing bevel gears, and with a parallel to the first vibration I of the first assembly about a rotor axis B rotatable and along this axially displaceable axially, brushless rotor 5 of an electric drive and a second Assembly with the second vibration II, which includes a housing 6, a stator 7 of the electric drive and the associated Elektroantriebselektronik 8 and relative to the first assembly via a prestressed elastic spring 9, for example. A helical compression spring, with a parallel thereto damping element 10 made of viscoelastic Material bezü like vibration I, II is vibration decoupled.

Claims (9)

  1. Electric hand tool for producing at least one striking movement of a tool along a tool axis (A) with a striking mechanism (2) arranged inside a housing (6) and an electric drive with a stator (7) and a rotating rotor (5) with a rotor axis (B) directed parallel to the tool axis (A), characterised in that a first unit containing the striking mechanism (2) and the rotor (5) is supported so that it can move in a limited way in a second unit, which is decoupled from vibrations and has the housing (6) and the stator (7).
  2. Electric hand tool according to claim 1, characterised in that the first unit has a transformation gear.
  3. Electric hand tool according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterised in that the second unit has electric drive electronics (8).
  4. Electric hand tool according to one of the previous claims, characterised in that the rotor (5) is made without collector.
  5. Electric hand tool according to one of the previous claims, characterised in that the mass of the first unit and the mass of the second unit are essentially the same size.
  6. Electric hand tool according to one of the previous claims, characterised in that the first unit is connected to the second unit through a flexible spring (9) so as to be decoupled from vibrations.
  7. Electric hand tool according to claim 6, characterised in that the spring (9) has an attenuating element (10) connected to it in parallel.
  8. Electric hand tool according to claim 7, characterised in that the attenuating element (10) consists of a viscoelastic material.
  9. Electric hand tool according to claim 8, characterised in that the viscoelastic material has optimum energy dissipation at the vibration frequency at the working temperature of the electric hand tool (1).
EP01810391A 2000-05-02 2001-04-23 Hand tool with electrical percussion system Expired - Lifetime EP1151827B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10021355A DE10021355B4 (en) 2000-05-02 2000-05-02 Beating electric hand tool with vibration-decoupled assemblies
DE10021355 2000-05-02

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1151827A1 EP1151827A1 (en) 2001-11-07
EP1151827B1 true EP1151827B1 (en) 2007-07-25

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EP01810391A Expired - Lifetime EP1151827B1 (en) 2000-05-02 2001-04-23 Hand tool with electrical percussion system

Country Status (5)

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US (1) US6902012B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1151827B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4778630B2 (en)
CN (1) CN100439043C (en)
DE (2) DE10021355B4 (en)

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DE10021355A1 (en) 2001-11-15
CN100439043C (en) 2008-12-03
DE50112753D1 (en) 2007-09-06
JP4778630B2 (en) 2011-09-21
JP2001353668A (en) 2001-12-25
DE10021355B4 (en) 2005-04-28
EP1151827A1 (en) 2001-11-07
US20010037889A1 (en) 2001-11-08
CN1321567A (en) 2001-11-14
US6902012B2 (en) 2005-06-07

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