EP1136754A2 - Steam generator and method of assembling - Google Patents

Steam generator and method of assembling Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1136754A2
EP1136754A2 EP01105759A EP01105759A EP1136754A2 EP 1136754 A2 EP1136754 A2 EP 1136754A2 EP 01105759 A EP01105759 A EP 01105759A EP 01105759 A EP01105759 A EP 01105759A EP 1136754 A2 EP1136754 A2 EP 1136754A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
boiler
ceiling
internals
frame
assembly
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP01105759A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1136754B1 (en
EP1136754A3 (en
Inventor
Jürgen HEIDRICH
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alstom Zweite Verwaltungs GmbH
Original Assignee
Alstom Zweite Verwaltungs GmbH
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Publication date
Application filed by Alstom Zweite Verwaltungs GmbH filed Critical Alstom Zweite Verwaltungs GmbH
Priority to MEP-2001-223A priority Critical patent/ME01586B/en
Publication of EP1136754A2 publication Critical patent/EP1136754A2/en
Publication of EP1136754A3 publication Critical patent/EP1136754A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1136754B1 publication Critical patent/EP1136754B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B9/00—Steam boilers of fire-tube type, i.e. the flue gas from a combustion chamber outside the boiler body flowing through tubes built-in in the boiler body
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/24—Supporting, suspending, or setting arrangements, e.g. heat shielding
    • F22B37/244—Supporting, suspending, or setting arrangements, e.g. heat shielding for water-tube steam generators suspended from the top
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/4935—Heat exchanger or boiler making
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/4935—Heat exchanger or boiler making
    • Y10T29/49387—Boiler making

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for construction of steam generators, as used in particular for thermal purposes Use of fossil fuels. About that In addition, the invention relates to an easy to install trained steam generator.
  • Boiler wall designed as a tube wall.
  • the boiler wall is on the outside provided with bandages and stems, to which on Trusses arranged collectors belong.
  • To the boiler wall is followed by a boiler funnel at its lower end.
  • the entire boiler, to which the elements mentioned belong, is suspended in a boiler frame. That on has a corresponding foundation standing boiler frame several with cross bars and scaffold diagonals braced boiler supports on a boiler frame ceiling wear.
  • the boiler scaffold ceiling supports the boiler.
  • the steam generator is at least partially on his Installation site, which is because of the size of the system and the extent of the work involved a relatively long construction period Takes up.
  • the boiler frame is included To erect the boiler scaffold roof, after which the bandages and in the upper part of the boiler the boiler walls from below brought to their installation location and installed there. Usually the internals (secondary heating surfaces) also from below to their installation location between the boiler walls in the upper area of the boiler spent and installed there. The further boiler wall assembly then takes place from top to bottom, with parallel mounting and assemblies on different levels largely are impossible. The assembly of the upper boiler walls, the Installations and the lower boiler walls are therefore seen in time, serial. This determines the assembly time.
  • EP 0777080 B1 addresses this problem corresponding assembly method for steam generators known, in which about the same time as the assembly of the outer Boiler frame and part of the boiler is started. If the boiler frame has reached a certain minimum height, lifting devices are inserted into the boiler frame, one of the boiler scaffolding ceilings lying on the floor (scaffold base) first raise to a first height. In At this height, the boiler components are installed hanging under the boiler frame ceiling. With further construction progress of the outer boiler frame are the lifting devices shifted upwards and the boiler scaffold roof is also further raised to the heat exchanger surfaces to be able to assemble further. After completion of the boiler frame is thus the same time mounted on the Boiler frame ceiling hanging boiler part lifted up and the boiler frame ceiling is attached to the boiler frame.
  • a preferred mode of operation is based on the Boiler frame initially only an outer part of the boiler frame ceiling built. This outer part leaves in the middle an access opening that is preferably smaller than a horizontal section through the boiler. Through this access opening can to the upper part of the boiler wall associated elements such as bandages, stems and pipe registers delivered to the respective installation location by crane become. The lower part of the boiler frame and the boiler sole are not required for this and are kept free.
  • the boiler surrounding walls are thus, for example erected that pre-assembled by means of a crane or individual bandages and stems in the boiler frame lifted and temporarily there on the boiler scaffold ceiling hung up or provisionally on appropriate clipboards be filed.
  • the bandages can be used at the same time with the construction of the upper part of the boiler frame being constructed.
  • stems and pipe registers will be mounted in the upper boiler frame an inner ceiling section of the Boiler frame ceiling built up and / or kept ready.
  • a lifting device for example a strand lifting system erected, the traction means (strands) with corresponding Suspensions of the inner ceiling section are connected.
  • the internals are with support tubes anchored under the boiler scaffold ceiling.
  • the upper part of the boiler is thus built up Unit consisting of a boiler frame ceiling, boiler ceiling and internals.
  • the inner Section of the boiler frame ceiling then step by step are raised so far that from top to bottom the next unit can be installed.
  • To This assembly is then only partial assembly can still be raised using the strand lifting system until the Internals reach their installation position and the interior Ceiling section at the ceiling height of the boiler frame ceiling is raised.
  • the two construction site areas for the upper boiler wall and for the internals are thus vertically one above the other, separated and spaced apart.
  • the boiler scaffold ceiling is in an outer ceiling section and divided an inner ceiling section.
  • the outer The ceiling section of the boiler scaffold ceiling supports the boiler walls with their bandages and stems as well as the inner ones Ceiling section of the boiler frame ceiling. This in turn bears the fittings of the Boiler.
  • the outer ceiling section is the boiler frame and assigned to the boiler walls.
  • the inner section of the ceiling is assigned to the internals.
  • This assembly process is both for once-through steam generators as well as for circulation steam generators. It is also suitable for both vertically piped Boiler walls as well as for steam generators with angled pipes or for steam generators with vertical and inclined pipes Boiler walls.
  • the inner ceiling section is used for pre-assembly of the internals the boiler scaffold ceiling preferably gradually raised to the different from top to bottom one after the other Internals and accordingly their support tubes to be able to assemble. It can be done gradually several economizer coils on top of each other, Reheater coils and superheater coils be erected.
  • the spatial separation of the Construction sites of the upper boiler walls and internals not just a time saver, but also one significant improvement in assembly logistics. Through the Feeding the parts of the upper boiler wall from above remains the scaffold base for the installation of the internals free.
  • the steam generator according to the invention has a split Boiler frame ceiling.
  • Your inner ceiling section has such a dimension that it with internals attached to it through the interior delimited by the boiler walls can be moved.
  • the outer dimensions of the inner The ceiling sections of the boiler scaffold ceiling are therefore smaller than the cross-section of that bounded by the boiler walls Space.
  • internals such as economizers, Reheater and superheater.
  • this preferably mounting connections on the inside of Boiler walls are bounded room.
  • the assembly takes place preferably by welding to pipe bushings or Connecting pipes.
  • the inner section of the boiler scaffold roof also forms the fittings installed on it and possibly a boiler ceiling a pre-assembled assembly. This can then be in the Whole in their place of installation between the already assembled Pipe walls are spent and connected there.
  • This Construction creates considerable assembly advantages because it enables simultaneous assembly or pre-assembly of the Boiler enclosing walls and internals at each other separate places.
  • Ceiling section connected to the outer ceiling section.
  • the connection can be via screw connections or also using non-detachable fasteners such as rivets and welded connections respectively.
  • the boiler scaffold roof can, if necessary, and lifting devices may be provided temporarily. This then form a lifting system around the inner ceiling section the boiler scaffold roof step by step during pre-assembly lift until all internals on the inner ceiling section the boiler scaffold ceiling are suspended. After that you can the lifting system can be used for this, the pre-assembled To lift and hold the assembly to its place of installation, until other holding means hold the assembly in place and for example the inner ceiling section with the outer Ceiling section is connected.
  • the lifting system can be used if necessary be removed.
  • the lifting system can be used by both pulling at the top and pushing from below. Moreover can interact with several lifting systems.
  • FIG 1 is a steam generator 1 in tower construction illustrated, which is carried by a boiler frame 2 becomes.
  • the boiler frame 2 includes vertically arranged ones Boiler supports 3, which rest on appropriate foundations.
  • the set up in the square and arranged vertically Boiler supports 3 are by horizontal boiler frame transoms 4, which are arranged on floors, interconnected.
  • To brace the boiler frame 2 are boiler frame diagonals 5 provided. That bears on its top Boiler frame 2 a boiler frame ceiling 6, which in one outer cover section 7 and an inner cover section 8 is divided.
  • the outer ceiling section 7 rests the boiler frame 2 and is connected to it.
  • the inner ceiling section 8 is from the outer ceiling section 7 worn and is connected to this.
  • the Outline i.e.
  • the maximum outside dimensions of the inside Ceiling section 8 are at least slightly less than that clear width of the in the steam generator 1 from a boiler wall 19 enclosed space, at least in its upper one Section 9.
  • this section is the illustrated one Steam generator 1 provided with a vertical tube (Boiler wall 19a in the upper section).
  • section 9 of the steam generator 1 are in the built-in fittings provided by the boiler wall 19, to which an economiser, reheater and Superheaters belong. These are each by horizontal arranged tube bundle formed, which extends across a throttle cable 13 extending through the steam generator 1 extend and their connections through the pipe wall (the the boiler wall forms) are guided. On the internals are the so-called secondary heating surfaces.
  • the Installations are through vertical support tubes on the boiler frame ceiling 6 hanging. Outside is the boiler wall 19 surrounded by bandages 12, which the boiler wall to the outside support and are supported by the boiler wall 19.
  • the Bandages are on the boiler corner areas with each other and connected to the boiler wall 19. In addition, they are horizontally extending and formed by rigid beams Bandages 12 with each other by vertical supports, see above called stems connected.
  • Boiler wall 19b in Section 10 In another section 10 below the steam generator is at an angle (boiler wall 19b in Section 10). If necessary, the tubing can also be chosen differently.
  • the parts of the Boiler wall 19 are in turn provided with bandages 14 which support the boiler wall 19b to the outside and from it be worn. It also closes at the bottom bandaged boiler funnel 11.
  • the steam generator 1 has at least one gas flue 13 (Fig. 5). This is limited by pipe walls that join the boiler scaffolding ceiling 6 are suspended and the Wear bandages 12, 14. In addition, the throttle cable is on the outside Stems 15 mounted.
  • the stems e.g. Collector count, are held on trusses, each with one end with the boiler wall 19 and with its other End held on support tubes 28 ( Figure 5), which also are held on the boiler frame ceiling 6. The whole boiler designed in this way is removed from the boiler frame ceiling 6 worn hanging.
  • the steam generator illustrated in this respect 1 is illustrated in FIGS. 2-6 Sequence built:
  • the Assembly of the boiler frame 2 started by supporting the boiler frame 3 and the associated boiler frame bolts 4 and boiler scaffold diagonals built 5 floors by floor become. This assembly takes place with a crane 16 or with several cranes.
  • the inner ceiling section 8 pre-assembled on the boiler frame base or in already preassembled state placed here.
  • the inner ceiling section 8 preferably has a rectangular or square outline of the cross section corresponds to the throttle cable 13 - but somewhat smaller than This is.
  • FIG. 3 A second step is illustrated in Figure 3.
  • the boiler frame 2 if the boiler supports 3 their target height or have reached at least a minimum height with the assembly of the individual bandages 12 and stems 15 started.
  • These are by means of the crane 16 as pre-assembled bandages and stems 12 ', 15' from above in or on the Boiler frame 2 lifted and installed there.
  • the bandages 12, in the fully assembled state from the boiler wall 19, and thus ultimately from the boiler frame ceiling 6, can be worn during assembly, however once and temporarily placed on temporary carriers, which are carried by the crossbars 4.
  • the outer ceiling section 7 On the outer ceiling section 7 is also a Strand lifting system 17 mounted, to which several strand lifting devices belong, the traction cable bundle 18 each with the Corners of the inner ceiling section 8 are connected.
  • the strand lifting system lifts 17 the inner ceiling section 8 each so far and keep it at that height that the internals step can be built up step by step. Is the inner boiler scaffold ceiling 8 raised to a first height, is under you first set up the boiler ceiling and attached it hanging.
  • the assembly step is now from the inner ceiling section 8 and the snakes 21 to 25 (internals) as well an inner boiler frame, not further illustrated existing unit 26 raised and so from below inserted into the throttle cable between the boiler walls 19a.
  • the inner ceiling section 8 is in one corresponding receiving opening or to corresponding receiving means of the outer ceiling section 7 brought up and fixed here. E.g. the ceiling sections 7, 8 screwed together or welded together.
  • the internals 21 to 25 are connected (welded on).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
  • Air Supply (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Housings And Mounting Of Transformers (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
  • Supports For Pipes And Cables (AREA)
  • Pressure Vessels And Lids Thereof (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
  • Movable Scaffolding (AREA)
  • Cleaning And Drying Hair (AREA)

Abstract

The steam-generator (1) has boiler walls (19) supported by the boiler framework (2), in the form of tubular walls and defining the gas flue. A cover (6) supported by the framework is divided into and outer (7) and inner (8) cover section which can be transported through the gas flue for assembly. Components in the gas flue are supported by the cover. The framework incorporates a hoist system.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Errichtung von Dampferzeugern, wie sie insbesondere zur thermischen Nutzung von fossilen Brennstoffen Anwendung finden. Darüber hinaus betrifft die Erfindung einen montagefreundlich ausgebildeten Dampferzeuger.The invention relates to a method for construction of steam generators, as used in particular for thermal purposes Use of fossil fuels. About that In addition, the invention relates to an easy to install trained steam generator.

Größere Dampferzeuger werden heute fast durchweg als Rohrwand-Dampferzeuger ausgebildet. Bei diesen ist die Kesselwand als Rohrwand ausgebildet. In dem oberen Teil des von der Kesselwand umschlossenen Raums sind Einbauten, wie Economiser, Zwischenüberhitzer, Überhitzer oder andere Heizflächen angeordnet. Die Kesselwand ist an ihrer Außenseite mit Bandagen und Vorbauten versehen, zu denen an Traversen angeordnete Sammler gehören. An die Kesselwand schließt sich an ihrem unteren Ende ein Kesseltrichter an. Der gesamte Kessel, zu dem die genannten Elemente gehören, ist in einem Kesselgerüst hängend angeordnet. Das auf einem entsprechenden Fundament stehende Kesselgerüst weist mehrere durch Querriegel und Gerüstdiagonalen miteinander verstrebte Kesselstützen auf, die eine Kesselgerüstdecke tragen. Die Kesselgerüstdecke trägt den Kessel.Larger steam generators are almost always considered today Pipe wall steam generator trained. With these is the Boiler wall designed as a tube wall. In the upper part of the space enclosed by the boiler wall are internals, such as economizers, reheaters, superheaters or others Heating surfaces arranged. The boiler wall is on the outside provided with bandages and stems, to which on Trusses arranged collectors belong. To the boiler wall is followed by a boiler funnel at its lower end. The entire boiler, to which the elements mentioned belong, is suspended in a boiler frame. That on has a corresponding foundation standing boiler frame several with cross bars and scaffold diagonals braced boiler supports on a boiler frame ceiling wear. The boiler scaffold ceiling supports the boiler.

Der Dampferzeuger wird zumindest teilweise an seinem Aufstellort montiert, was wegen der Größe der Anlage und dem Umfang der Arbeiten eine relativ lange Bauzeit in Anspruch nimmt. Zunächst ist das Kesselgerüst einschließlich Kesselgerüstdecke zu errichten, wonach die Bandagen und im oberen Teil des Kessels die Kesselwände von unten her an ihren Einbauort verbracht und dort eingebaut werden. Es werden üblicherweise dann die Einbauten (Nachschaltheizflächen) ebenfalls von unten her an ihren Einbauort zwischen die Kesselwände im oberen Kesselbereich verbracht und dort eingebaut. Die weitere Kesselwandmontage erfolgt dann von oben nach unten, wobei Parallelmontagen und Montagen auf verschiedenen Ebenen weitgehend unmöglich sind. Die Montage der oberen Kesselwände, der Einbauten und der untern Kesselwände erfolgt deshalb, zeitlich gesehen, seriell. Dies bestimmt die Montagezeit.The steam generator is at least partially on his Installation site, which is because of the size of the system and the extent of the work involved a relatively long construction period Takes up. First of all, the boiler frame is included To erect the boiler scaffold roof, after which the bandages and in the upper part of the boiler the boiler walls from below brought to their installation location and installed there. Usually the internals (secondary heating surfaces) also from below to their installation location between the boiler walls in the upper area of the boiler spent and installed there. The further boiler wall assembly then takes place from top to bottom, with parallel mounting and assemblies on different levels largely are impossible. The assembly of the upper boiler walls, the Installations and the lower boiler walls are therefore seen in time, serial. This determines the assembly time.

Zu dieser Problematik ist aus der EP 0777080 B1 ein entsprechendes Montageverfahren für Dampferzeuger bekannt, bei dem etwa gleichzeitig mit der Montage des äußeren Kesselgerüsts und einem Teil des Kessels begonnen wird. Hat das Kesselgerüst eine gewisse Mindesthöhe erreicht, werden in das Kesselgerüst Hubeinrichtungen eingesetzt, die eine bis dahin am Boden (Gerüstsohle) liegende Kesselgerüstdecke zunächst auf eine erste Höhe anheben. In dieser Höhe erfolgt die Montage von Kesselbauteilen hängend unter der Kesselgerüstdecke. Mit weiterem Baufortschritt des äußeren Kesselgerüsts werden die Hubeinrichtungen nach oben versetzt und die Kesselgerüstdecke wird außerdem weiter angehoben, um die Wärmetauscherflächen weiter montieren zu können. Nach Fertigstellung des Kesselgerüsts wird der somit gleichzeitig montierte, an der Kesselgerüstdecke hängende Kesselteil nach oben gehoben und die Kesselgerüstdecke wird an dem Kesselgerüst befestigt.EP 0777080 B1 addresses this problem corresponding assembly method for steam generators known, in which about the same time as the assembly of the outer Boiler frame and part of the boiler is started. If the boiler frame has reached a certain minimum height, lifting devices are inserted into the boiler frame, one of the boiler scaffolding ceilings lying on the floor (scaffold base) first raise to a first height. In At this height, the boiler components are installed hanging under the boiler frame ceiling. With further construction progress of the outer boiler frame are the lifting devices shifted upwards and the boiler scaffold roof is also further raised to the heat exchanger surfaces to be able to assemble further. After completion of the boiler frame is thus the same time mounted on the Boiler frame ceiling hanging boiler part lifted up and the boiler frame ceiling is attached to the boiler frame.

Die Montage von Kesselwänden und Einbauten kann nur zeitlich nacheinander erfolgen.The assembly of boiler walls and internals can only take place sequentially.

Davon ausgehend ist es Aufgabe der Erfindung, die Bauzeit für Dampferzeuger zu vermindern.Based on this, it is an object of the invention Reduce construction time for steam generators.

Diese Aufgabe wird mit dem Montageverfahren nach Anspruch 1 gelöst. Außerdem wird die Aufgabe mit einem Dampferzeuger nach Anspruch 11 gelöst, der eine verkürzte Bauzeit gestattet.This task is followed with the assembly process Claim 1 solved. In addition, the task with a Steam generator solved according to claim 11, which is a shortened Construction time allowed.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren zur Montage von Dampferzeugern werden Einbauten, wie Economiser, Überhitzer und ähnliche Nachschaltheizflächen während des Aufbaus der oberen Kesselwand an einem von dem Einbauort beabstandeten Ort aufgebaut. Die Montage kann deshalb zeitgleich erfolgen. Infolge des räumlichen Abstands sind die Montagearbeiten jeweils weitgehend ungehindert durchführbar. Durch diese zeitlich parallele Arbeitsweise kann erheblich Bauzeit eingespart werden. Die Kesselwände werden dabei an ihrem endgültigen Einbauort montiert oder eingebaut.In the inventive method for assembling Steam generators become internals, such as economizers, superheaters and similar secondary heating surfaces during construction the upper boiler wall at a distance from the installation location Place built up. The assembly can therefore be carried out at the same time respectively. Due to the spatial distance, the assembly work largely unimpeded. This parallel working method can be significant Construction time can be saved. The boiler walls will come on assembled or installed in their final installation location.

Bei einer bevorzugten Arbeitsweise wird auf dem Kesselgerüst zunächst nur ein äußerer Teil der Kesselgerüstdecke errichtet. Dieser äußere Teil lässt in der Mitte eine Zugangsöffnung frei, die vorzugsweise kleiner ist als ein Horizontalschnitt durch den Kessel. Durch diese Zugangsöffnung können zu dem oberen Teil der Kesselwand gehörige Elemente, wie Bandagen, Vorbauten und Rohrregister mit dem Kran ihrem jeweiligen Einbauort zugeführt werden. Der untere Teil des Kesselgerüsts und die Kesselsohle werden dafür nicht benötigt und insoweit frei gehalten.A preferred mode of operation is based on the Boiler frame initially only an outer part of the boiler frame ceiling built. This outer part leaves in the middle an access opening that is preferably smaller than a horizontal section through the boiler. Through this access opening can to the upper part of the boiler wall associated elements such as bandages, stems and pipe registers delivered to the respective installation location by crane become. The lower part of the boiler frame and the boiler sole are not required for this and are kept free.

Die Kesselumfassungswände werden demnach bspw. dadurch errichtet, dass mittels eines Krans vormontierte oder einzelne Bandagen und Vorbauten in das Kesselgerüst gehoben und dort provisorisch an der Kesselgerüstdecke aufgehängt oder auf entsprechenden Zwischenablagen vorläufig abgelegt werden. Alternativ können die Bandagen zugleich mit dem Bau des oberen Teils des Kesselgerüsts aufgebaut werden.The boiler surrounding walls are thus, for example erected that pre-assembled by means of a crane or individual bandages and stems in the boiler frame lifted and temporarily there on the boiler scaffold ceiling hung up or provisionally on appropriate clipboards be filed. Alternatively, the bandages can be used at the same time with the construction of the upper part of the boiler frame being constructed.

Nach der Montage der Bandagen und etwaiger Vorbauten können Rohrregister zum Aufbau der Kesselwand von oben her mit einem Kran in den von den Bandagen umgrenzten Innenraum gehoben werden. Weiter werden die Rohrregister an der Kesselgerüstdecke hängend befestigt und miteinander verschweißt. Außerdem können sonstige Verbindungen, z.B. zu den Bandagen und Vorbauten, hergestellt werden.After assembling the bandages and any stems can pipe register to build the boiler wall from above with a crane in the interior bounded by the bandages be lifted. The pipe registers on the The boiler scaffold ceiling is suspended and welded together. In addition, other connections, e.g. to the bandages and stems.

Während die einzelnen Bandagen, Vorbauten und Rohrregister in dem oberen Kesselgerüst montiert werden, wird an der Kesselgerüstsohle ein innerer Deckenabschnitt der Kesselgerüstdecke aufgebaut und/oder bereitgehalten. Auf dem äußeren Deckenabschnitt der Kesselgerüstdecke wird außerdem eine Hubeinrichtung, bspw. ein Litzenhubsystem errichtet, dessen Zugmittel (Litzen) mit entsprechenden Aufhängungen des inneren Deckenabschnitts verbunden werden. Bei dieser bevorzugten Verfahrensvariante erfolgt die Vormontage der Kesseldecke wie auch die Montage der Einbauten (Rohrschlangen für Economiser, Zwischenüberhitzer und Überhitzer) hängend unter dem inneren Abschnitt der Kesselgerüstdecke. Die Einbauten werden dabei mit Tragrohren unter der Kesselgerüstdecke hängend an dieser verankert. Gleichzeitig mit der Errichtung der Kesselwände des oberen Kesselbereichs erfolgt somit der Aufbau einer Baueinheit aus Kesselgerüstdecke, Kesseldecke und Einbauten. Mittels des Litzenhubsystems kann der innere Abschnitt der Kesselgerüstdecke dann Schritt für Schritt jeweils soweit angehoben werden, dass von oben nach unten jeweils die nächste Einheit montiert werden kann. Nach erfolgter Teilmontage ist diese Baueinheit dann lediglich noch mittels des Litzenhubsystems anzuheben, bis die Einbauten ihre Einbauposition erreichen und der innere Deckenabschnitt auf Deckenhöhe der Kesselgerüstdecke gehoben ist. Nach räumlich getrennter, aber gleichzeitiger Montage der oberen Kesselwand und der Einbauten wird beides durch Einheben der Einbauten von unten her vereinigt.During the individual bandages, stems and pipe registers will be mounted in the upper boiler frame an inner ceiling section of the Boiler frame ceiling built up and / or kept ready. On the outer ceiling section of the boiler frame ceiling also a lifting device, for example a strand lifting system erected, the traction means (strands) with corresponding Suspensions of the inner ceiling section are connected. In this preferred method variant, the Pre-assembly of the boiler ceiling as well as the installation of the internals (Pipe coils for economizers, reheaters and superheater) hanging under the inner section of the Boiler frame ceiling. The internals are with support tubes anchored under the boiler scaffold ceiling. Simultaneously with the construction of the boiler walls The upper part of the boiler is thus built up Unit consisting of a boiler frame ceiling, boiler ceiling and internals. Using the strand lifting system, the inner Section of the boiler frame ceiling then step by step are raised so far that from top to bottom the next unit can be installed. To This assembly is then only partial assembly can still be raised using the strand lifting system until the Internals reach their installation position and the interior Ceiling section at the ceiling height of the boiler frame ceiling is raised. After spatially separated, but simultaneous Installation of the upper boiler wall and the internals both combined by lifting the internals from below.

Die beiden Baustellenbereiche für die obere Kesselwand und für die Einbauten sind somit vertikal übereinander, voneinander getrennt und beabstandet angeordnet. Die Kesselgerüstdecke ist in einen äußeren Deckenabschnitt und einen inneren Deckenabschnitt unterteilt. Der äußere Deckenabschnitt der Kesselgerüstdecke trägt die Kesselwände mit ihren Bandagen und Vorbauten sowie den inneren Deckenabschnitt der Kesselgerüstdecke. Dieser trägt seinerseits über entsprechende Tragrohre die Einbauten des Kessels. Der äußere Deckenabschnitt ist dem Kesselgerüst und den Kesselwänden zugeordnet. Der innere Deckenabschnitt ist den Einbauten zugeordnet.The two construction site areas for the upper boiler wall and for the internals are thus vertically one above the other, separated and spaced apart. The boiler scaffold ceiling is in an outer ceiling section and divided an inner ceiling section. The outer The ceiling section of the boiler scaffold ceiling supports the boiler walls with their bandages and stems as well as the inner ones Ceiling section of the boiler frame ceiling. This in turn bears the fittings of the Boiler. The outer ceiling section is the boiler frame and assigned to the boiler walls. The inner section of the ceiling is assigned to the internals.

Dieses Montageverfahren ist sowohl für Durchlaufdampferzeuger als auch für Umlaufdampferzeuger geeignet. Es eignet sich außerdem sowohl für vertikal berohrte Kesselwände als auch für Dampferzeuger mit Schrägberohrung bzw. für Dampferzeuger mit vertikal- und schrägberohrten Kesselwänden. Die Montagezeit des Dampferzeugers lässt sich um mehrere Monate verkürzen.This assembly process is both for once-through steam generators as well as for circulation steam generators. It is also suitable for both vertically piped Boiler walls as well as for steam generators with angled pipes or for steam generators with vertical and inclined pipes Boiler walls. The assembly time of the steam generator leaves shorten by several months.

Zur Vormontage der Einbauten wird der innere Deckenabschnitt der Kesselgerüstdecke vorzugsweise schrittweise angehoben, um von oben nach unten nacheinander die verschiedenen Einbauten und entsprechend auch ihre Tragrohre montieren zu können. Es können auf diese Weise schrittweise übereinander mehrere Economiser-Heizschlangen, Zwischenüberhitzer-Heizschlangen und Überhitzer-Heizschlangen errichtet werden. Die räumliche Trennung der Baustellen der oberen Kesselwände und der Einbauten erbringt nicht nur einen Zeitgewinn, sondern auch eine wesentliche Verbesserung der Montagelogistik. Durch die Zuführung der Teile der oberen Kesselwand von oben, bleibt die Gerüstsohle für den Aufbau der Einbauten frei.The inner ceiling section is used for pre-assembly of the internals the boiler scaffold ceiling preferably gradually raised to the different from top to bottom one after the other Internals and accordingly their support tubes to be able to assemble. It can be done gradually several economizer coils on top of each other, Reheater coils and superheater coils be erected. The spatial separation of the Construction sites of the upper boiler walls and internals not just a time saver, but also one significant improvement in assembly logistics. Through the Feeding the parts of the upper boiler wall from above remains the scaffold base for the installation of the internals free.

Der erfindungsgemäße Dampferzeuger weist eine geteilte Kesselgerüstdecke auf. Ihr innerer Deckenabschnitt hat eine solche Abmessung, dass er mit daran hängenden Einbauten durch den von den Kesselwänden begrenzten Innenraum bewegt werden kann. Die Außenabmessungen des inneren Deckenabschnitts der Kesselgerüstdecke sind somit kleiner als der Querschnitt des von den Kesselwänden umgrenzten Raums. Gleiches gilt für die Einbauten wie Economiser, Zwischenüberhitzer und Überhitzer. Dazu weisen diese vorzugsweise Montageanschlüsse auf, die innerhalb des von Kesselwänden umgrenzten Raums liegen. Die Montage erfolgt vorzugsweise durch Anschweißen an Rohrdurchführungen oder Anschlussrohren.The steam generator according to the invention has a split Boiler frame ceiling. Your inner ceiling section has such a dimension that it with internals attached to it through the interior delimited by the boiler walls can be moved. The outer dimensions of the inner The ceiling sections of the boiler scaffold ceiling are therefore smaller than the cross-section of that bounded by the boiler walls Space. The same applies to internals such as economizers, Reheater and superheater. To do this point this preferably mounting connections on the inside of Boiler walls are bounded room. The assembly takes place preferably by welding to pipe bushings or Connecting pipes.

Der innere Abschnitt der Kesselgerüstdecke bildet mit den an ihm montierten Einbauten sowie evtl. einer Kesseldecke eine vormontierbare Baugruppe. Diese kann dann im Ganzen an ihren Einbauort zwischen den bereits montierten Rohrwänden verbracht und dort angeschlossen werden. Diese Bauweise schafft erhebliche Montagevorteile, denn sie ermöglicht die gleichzeitige Montage bzw. Vormontage der Kesselumfassungswände und der Einbauten an voneinander getrennten Orten.The inner section of the boiler scaffold roof also forms the fittings installed on it and possibly a boiler ceiling a pre-assembled assembly. This can then be in the Whole in their place of installation between the already assembled Pipe walls are spent and connected there. This Construction creates considerable assembly advantages because it enables simultaneous assembly or pre-assembly of the Boiler enclosing walls and internals at each other separate places.

Bei fertig aufgebautem Dampferzeuger ist der innere Deckenabschnitt mit dem äußeren Deckenabschnitt verbunden. Die Verbindung kann über Schraubverbindungen oder auch über unlösbare Verbindungsmittel wie Niete und Schweißverbindungen erfolgen.When the steam generator is fully assembled, the inside is Ceiling section connected to the outer ceiling section. The connection can be via screw connections or also using non-detachable fasteners such as rivets and welded connections respectively.

An dem Kesselgerüst und/oder dem äußeren Deckenabschnitt der Kesselgerüstdecke können bedarfsweise und vorübergehend Hubeinrichtungen vorgesehen sein. Diese bilden dann ein Hubsystem, um den inneren Deckenabschnitt der Kesselgerüstdecke bei der Vormontage schrittweise anzuheben, bis alle Einbauten an dem inneren Deckenabschnitt der Kesselgerüstdecke aufgehängt sind. Danach kann das Hubsystem dazu verwendet werden, die so vormontierte Baugruppe an ihren Einbauort zu heben und dort zu halten, bis andere Haltemittel die Baueinheit an ihrem Ort halten und bspw. der innere Deckenabschnitt mit dem äußeren Deckenabschinitt verbunden ist.On the boiler frame and / or the outer ceiling section the boiler scaffold roof can, if necessary, and lifting devices may be provided temporarily. This then form a lifting system around the inner ceiling section the boiler scaffold roof step by step during pre-assembly lift until all internals on the inner ceiling section the boiler scaffold ceiling are suspended. After that you can the lifting system can be used for this, the pre-assembled To lift and hold the assembly to its place of installation, until other holding means hold the assembly in place and for example the inner ceiling section with the outer Ceiling section is connected.

Nach diesem Montageschritt kann das Hubsystem bedarfsweise entfernt werden. Das Hubsystem kann sowohl von oben ziehend, als auch von unten schiebend wirken. Außerdem können mehrere Hubsysteme zusammenwirken.After this assembly step, the lifting system can be used if necessary be removed. The lifting system can be used by both pulling at the top and pushing from below. Moreover can interact with several lifting systems.

Vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand von Unteransprüchen und ergeben sich aus der Beschreibung sowie der Zeichnung. In der Zeichnung ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung veranschaulicht. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 einen im Wesentlichen vollständig montierten Gaszug eines Dampferzeugers, in schematisierter, perspektivischer und ausschnittsweiser Darstellung,
  • Fig. 2 bis Fig. 6 den Dampferzeuger in verschiedenen Baustadien, wobei:
  • Figur 2 ein teilweise errichtetes äußeres Kesselgerüst und die bereits errichtete innere Kesselgerüstdecke sowie einen Montagekran veranschaulicht,
  • Fig. 3 einen nachfolgenden Bauabschnitt des Kesselgerüsts mit bereits teilweise montierten Bandagen und Vorbauten veranschaulicht,
  • Fig. 4 einen weiteren Bauabschnitt veranschaulicht, bei dem zusätzlich eine äußere Kesselgerüstdecke einschl. eines Litzenhubsystems montiert worden ist,
  • Fig. 5 einen Bauabschnitt veranschaulicht, in dem zeitgleich Kesselwände und Nachschaltheizflächen montiert werden, und
  • Fig. 6 ein Baustadium veranschaulicht, in dem die Nachschaltheizflächen nach ihrer Vormontage in ihre Einbauposition angehoben und in dieser fixiert worden sind.
    • Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of subclaims and result from the description and the drawing. An exemplary embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the drawing. Show it:
  • 1 is a substantially fully assembled gas train of a steam generator, in a schematic, perspective and partial representation,
  • 2 to 6 the steam generator in various stages of construction, wherein:
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a partially erected outer boiler frame and the already installed inner boiler frame ceiling and an assembly crane,
  • 3 illustrates a subsequent construction phase of the boiler frame with already partially assembled bandages and stems,
  • 4 illustrates a further construction phase, in which an outer boiler scaffold ceiling including a strand lifting system has additionally been installed,
  • 5 illustrates a construction phase in which boiler walls and secondary heating surfaces are installed at the same time, and
  • 6 illustrates a construction stage in which the secondary heating surfaces have been raised into their installation position and fixed in this position after their pre-assembly.

    • In Figur 1 ist ein Dampferzeuger 1 in Turmbauweise veranschaulicht, der von einem Kesselgerüst 2 getragen wird. Zu dem Kesselgerüst 2 gehören vertikal angeordnete Kesselstützen 3, die auf entsprechenden Fundamenten ruhen. Die im Viereck aufgestellten und vertikal angeordneten Kesselstützen 3 sind durch horizontale Kesselgerüstriegel 4, die etagenweise angeordnet sind, untereinander verbunden. Zur Aussteifung des Kesselgerüsts 2 sind Kesselgerüstdiagonalen 5 vorgesehen. An seiner Oberseite trägt das Kesselgerüst 2 eine Kesselgerüstdecke 6, die in einen äußeren Deckabschnitt 7 und einen inneren Deckenabschnitt 8 unterteilt ist. Der äußere Deckenabschnitt 7 ruht auf dem Kesselgerüst 2 und ist mit diesem verbunden. Der innere Deckenabschnitt 8 wird von dem äußeren Deckenabschnitt 7 getragen und ist mit diesem verbunden. Der Umriss, d.h. die maximalen Außenabmessungen des inneren Deckenabschnitts 8 sind zumindest etwas geringer, als die lichte Weite des in dem Dampferzeuger 1 von einer Kesselwand 19 umschlossenen Raums, zumindest in seinem oberen Abschnitt 9. In diesem Abschnitt ist der veranschaulichte Dampferzeuger 1 mit einer Vertikalberohrung versehen (Kesselwand 19a im oberen Abschnitt).In Figure 1 is a steam generator 1 in tower construction illustrated, which is carried by a boiler frame 2 becomes. The boiler frame 2 includes vertically arranged ones Boiler supports 3, which rest on appropriate foundations. The set up in the square and arranged vertically Boiler supports 3 are by horizontal boiler frame transoms 4, which are arranged on floors, interconnected. To brace the boiler frame 2 are boiler frame diagonals 5 provided. That bears on its top Boiler frame 2 a boiler frame ceiling 6, which in one outer cover section 7 and an inner cover section 8 is divided. The outer ceiling section 7 rests the boiler frame 2 and is connected to it. The inner ceiling section 8 is from the outer ceiling section 7 worn and is connected to this. The Outline, i.e. the maximum outside dimensions of the inside Ceiling section 8 are at least slightly less than that clear width of the in the steam generator 1 from a boiler wall 19 enclosed space, at least in its upper one Section 9. In this section is the illustrated one Steam generator 1 provided with a vertical tube (Boiler wall 19a in the upper section).

    In dem Abschnitt 9 des Dampferzeugers 1 sind in dem von der Kesselwand 19 umschlossenen Raum Einbauten vorgesehen, zu denen ein Economiser, Zwischenüberhitzer und Überhitzer gehören. Diese sind jeweils durch horizontal angeordnete Rohrbündel gebildet, die sich quer durch einen sich durch den Dampferzeuger 1 erstreckenden Gaszug 13 erstrecken und deren Anschlüsse durch die Rohrwand (die die Kesselwand bildet) geführt sind. An den Einbauten sind die so genannten Nachschaltheizflächen ausgebildet. Die Einbauten sind durch vertikale Tragrohre an der Kesselgerüstdecke 6 hängend gehalten. Außen ist die Kesselwand 19 von Bandagen 12 umschlossen, die die Kesselwand nach außen abstützen und von der Kesselwand 19 getragen sind. Die Bandagen sind an den Kesseleckbereichen untereinander und mit der Kesselwand 19 verbunden. Außerdem sind die sich horizontal erstreckenden und durch steife Träger gebildeten Bandagen 12 untereinander durch vertikale Träger, so genannte Stiele verbunden.In section 9 of the steam generator 1 are in the built-in fittings provided by the boiler wall 19, to which an economiser, reheater and Superheaters belong. These are each by horizontal arranged tube bundle formed, which extends across a throttle cable 13 extending through the steam generator 1 extend and their connections through the pipe wall (the the boiler wall forms) are guided. On the internals are the so-called secondary heating surfaces. The Installations are through vertical support tubes on the boiler frame ceiling 6 hanging. Outside is the boiler wall 19 surrounded by bandages 12, which the boiler wall to the outside support and are supported by the boiler wall 19. The Bandages are on the boiler corner areas with each other and connected to the boiler wall 19. In addition, they are horizontally extending and formed by rigid beams Bandages 12 with each other by vertical supports, see above called stems connected.

    In einem weiteren darunter liegenden Abschnitt 10 ist der Dampferzeuger schräg berohrt (Kesselwand 19b im Abschnitt 10). Bedarfsweise kann die Berohrung aber auch anders gewählt werden. Die schräg berohrten Teile der Kesselwand 19 sind wiederum mit Bandagen 14 versehen, die die Kesselwand 19b nach außen abstützen und von dieser getragen werden. Nach unten hin schließt sich ein ebenfalls bandagierter Kesseltrichter 11 an.In another section 10 below the steam generator is at an angle (boiler wall 19b in Section 10). If necessary, the tubing can also be chosen differently. The parts of the Boiler wall 19 are in turn provided with bandages 14 which support the boiler wall 19b to the outside and from it be worn. It also closes at the bottom bandaged boiler funnel 11.

    Der Dampferzeuger 1 weist wenigstens einen Gaszug 13 (Fig. 5) auf. Dieser wird von Rohrwänden begrenzt, die an der Kesselgerüstdecke 6 hängend montiert sind und die Bandagen 12, 14 tragen. Außerdem sind an dem Gaszug außen Vorbauten 15 montiert. Die Vorbauten, zu denen z.B. Sammler zählen, sind an Traversen gehalten, die jeweils mit einem Ende mit der Kesselwand 19 und mit ihrem anderen Ende an Tragrohren 28 (Figur 5) gehalten sind, die ebenfalls an der Kesselgerüstdecke 6 gehalten sind. Der gesamte so ausgebildete Kessel wird von der Kesselgerüstdecke 6 hängend getragen.The steam generator 1 has at least one gas flue 13 (Fig. 5). This is limited by pipe walls that join the boiler scaffolding ceiling 6 are suspended and the Wear bandages 12, 14. In addition, the throttle cable is on the outside Stems 15 mounted. The stems, e.g. Collector count, are held on trusses, each with one end with the boiler wall 19 and with its other End held on support tubes 28 (Figure 5), which also are held on the boiler frame ceiling 6. The whole boiler designed in this way is removed from the boiler frame ceiling 6 worn hanging.

    Der insoweit übersichtsweise veranschaulichte Dampferzeuger 1 wird in der in den Figuren 2 bis 6 veranschaulichten Abfolge errichtet:The steam generator illustrated in this respect 1 is illustrated in FIGS. 2-6 Sequence built:

    Wie Figur 2 veranschaulicht, wird zunächst mit der Montage des Kesselgerüsts 2 begonnen, indem die Kesselgerüststützen 3 sowie die zugehörigen Kesselgerüstriegel 4 und Kesselgerüstdiagonalen 5 Etage für Etage aufgebaut werden. Diese Montage erfolgt mit einem Kran 16 oder mit mehreren Kränen. Zugleich wird der innere Deckenabschnitt 8 auf der Kesselgerüstsohle vormontiert oder in bereits vormontiertem Zustand an diese Stelle verbracht. Hier liegt der Deckenabschnitt 8 mittig zwischen den im Quadrat oder Rechteck aufgestellten Kesselgerüststützen 3. Der innere Deckenabschnitt 8 weist vorzugsweise einen rechteckigen oder quadratischen Umriss auf, der dem Querschnitt des Gaszugs 13 entspricht - dabei aber etwas kleiner als dieser ist.As illustrated in FIG. 2, the Assembly of the boiler frame 2 started by supporting the boiler frame 3 and the associated boiler frame bolts 4 and boiler scaffold diagonals built 5 floors by floor become. This assembly takes place with a crane 16 or with several cranes. At the same time, the inner ceiling section 8 pre-assembled on the boiler frame base or in already preassembled state placed here. Here is the ceiling section 8 in the middle between the square or rectangle erected boiler frame supports 3. The inner ceiling section 8 preferably has a rectangular or square outline of the cross section corresponds to the throttle cable 13 - but somewhat smaller than This is.

    Ein zweiter Arbeitsschritt ist in Figur 3 veranschaulicht. Hier wird mit weiterem Baufortschritt des Kesselgerüsts 2, wenn die Kesselstützen 3 ihre Sollhöhe oder zumindest eine Mindesthöhe erreicht haben, mit der Montage der einzelnen Bandagen 12 sowie Vorbauten 15 begonnen. Diese werden mittels des Krans 16 als vormontierte Bandagen und Vorbauten 12', 15' von oben her in oder auf das Kesselgerüst 2 gehoben und dort eingebaut. Die Bandagen 12, die in fertig montiertem Zustand von der Kesselwand 19, und somit letztendlich von der Kesselgerüstdecke 6, getragen werden, können bei der Montage aber zunächst einmal und vorübergehend auf Hilfsträgern abgelegt werden, die von den Querriegeln 4 getragen werden.A second step is illustrated in Figure 3. Here is with further construction progress of the boiler frame 2 if the boiler supports 3 their target height or have reached at least a minimum height with the assembly of the individual bandages 12 and stems 15 started. These are by means of the crane 16 as pre-assembled bandages and stems 12 ', 15' from above in or on the Boiler frame 2 lifted and installed there. The bandages 12, in the fully assembled state from the boiler wall 19, and thus ultimately from the boiler frame ceiling 6, can be worn during assembly, however once and temporarily placed on temporary carriers, which are carried by the crossbars 4.

    Sind die Bandagen und Vorbauten 12, 15 montiert oder vormontiert, kann, wie in Figur 4 veranschaulicht ist, falls noch nicht geschehen, das Kesselgerüst 2 fertiggestellt werden und dazu übergegangen werden, den äußeren Deckenabschnitt 7 auf dem Kesselgerüst 2, insbesondere auf seinen oberen Kesselgerüstriegeln 4 zu montieren. Dazu werden mit dem Kran 16 entsprechende Teile auf das Kesselgerüst 2 aufgesetzt, so dass der äußere Deckenabschnitt 7 am Einbauort zusammengebaut wird. Are the bandages and stems 12, 15 mounted or pre-assembled, as illustrated in Figure 4, if not already done, the boiler frame 2 is completed become and be moved to the outer Ceiling section 7 on the boiler frame 2, in particular to assemble its upper boiler frame bolts 4. To 16 corresponding parts are placed on the boiler frame with the crane 2 placed so that the outer ceiling section 7 is assembled at the installation site.

    An dem äußeren Deckenabschnitt 7 wird außerdem ein Litzenhubsystem 17 montiert, zu dem mehrere Litzenhubeinrichtungen gehören, deren Zugseilbündel 18 jeweils mit den Ecken des inneren Deckenabschnitts 8 verbunden werden.On the outer ceiling section 7 is also a Strand lifting system 17 mounted, to which several strand lifting devices belong, the traction cable bundle 18 each with the Corners of the inner ceiling section 8 are connected.

    Mit diesem Bauabschnitt ist der Aufbau des Kesselgerüsts 2 im Wesentlichen abgeschlossen und es kann nun mit der gleichzeitigen Montage der Kesselwand 19a in dem oberen Abschnitt 9 und mit dem Aufbau von Einbauten unterhalb des inneren Deckenabschnitts 8 begonnen werden. Dieser Vorgang ist in Figur 5 veranschaulicht. Zum Aufbau der Kesselwand 19a werden mit dem Kran 16 einzelne vormontierte Kesselwandteile 20 (druckführende Teile) von oben her in den von den vorhandenen Bandagen 12 umschlossenen Raum eingeführt und hängend an dem äußeren Deckenabschnitt 7 befestigt. Die Kesselwand 19a wird somit registerweise aufgebaut. Der dadurch abgegrenzte, in seinem oberen Abschnitt 9 bereits entstehende Gaszug 13 hat dabei einen noch freien Querschnitt.With this construction phase is the construction of the boiler frame 2 essentially completed and it can now be used the simultaneous assembly of the boiler wall 19a in the upper section 9 and with the installation of internals below of the inner ceiling section 8 can be started. This process is illustrated in FIG. 5. To build 16 of the boiler wall 19a are pre-assembled with the crane Boiler wall parts 20 (pressurized parts) from above forth in the 12 enclosed by the existing bandages Space introduced and hanging on the outer ceiling section 7 attached. The boiler wall 19a is thus registered built up. The delimited thereby, in its upper Section 9 already created throttle cable 13 has one still free cross section.

    Gleichzeitig mit dem Einbau der Teile 20 zur Errichtung der Kesselwand 19a werden, allerdings an anderer Baustelle, die Einbauten aufgebaut. Dazu hebt das Litzenhubsystem 17 den inneren Deckenabschnitt 8 jeweils so weit an und hält ihn in dieser Höhe, dass die Einbauten Schritt für Schritt aufgebaut werden können. Ist die innere Kesselgerüstdecke 8 auf eine erste Höhe angehoben, wird unter ihr zunächst die Kesseldecke aufgebaut und hängend befestigt.Simultaneously with the installation of parts 20 for erection the boiler wall 19a, but on another Construction site that built internals. In addition, the strand lifting system lifts 17 the inner ceiling section 8 each so far and keep it at that height that the internals step can be built up step by step. Is the inner boiler scaffold ceiling 8 raised to a first height, is under you first set up the boiler ceiling and attached it hanging.

    Danach wird die innere Kesselgerüstdecke 8 auf eine nächste Montagehöhe angehoben, so dass eine erste Economiserheizschlange 21 unter die Kesseldecke gefahren und mit den Tragrohren 28 an dem inneren Deckenabschnitt befestigt werden kann. Nach weiterem Anheben folgt eine zweite Economiserheizschlange 22. Es werden nun schrittweise jeweils der innere Deckenabschnitt 8 angehoben und, wie in Figur 5 veranschaulicht, nacheinander eine erste Zwischenüberhitzerschlange 23 und eine zweite Zwischenüberhitzerschlange 24 an Tragrohren hängend montiert. Nach weiterem Anheben des inneren Deckenabschnitts 8 kann eine zuunterst angeordnete Überhitzerschlange montiert werden.Then the inner boiler scaffold ceiling 8 on a next assembly height raised, making a first economizer coil 21 moved under the boiler roof and with the support tubes 28 attached to the inner ceiling portion can be. A second lift follows Economiser heating coil 22. It will now be gradual each raised the inner ceiling section 8 and, as in Figure 5 illustrates, one after the other, a first reheater coil 23 and a second reheater coil 24 mounted on support tubes. After another Lifting the inner ceiling section 8 can be one at the bottom arranged superheater coil can be mounted.

    Etwa gleichzeitig mit Abschluss der Herstellung der Kesseldecke und der Montage der hängenden Einbauten 21 bis 25 (Einbauten), ist zwischenzeitlich auch die Kesselwand 19a fertiggestellt. Der innere Deckenabschnitt, die Kesseldecke und die Einbauten beanspruchen einen etwa quaderförmigen Raum. Die Kesselwände 19a umgrenzen ebenfalls einen quaderförmigen Raum. Dieser ist jedoch zumindest in seinem Horizontalschnitt (zumindest etwas) größer als der Horizontalschnitt des von den Einbauten und dem inneren Deckenabschnitt 8 beanspruchte Raum.Around the same time that the production of the Boiler ceiling and the installation of the hanging internals 21 to 25 (internals), has meanwhile also become the boiler wall 19a completed. The inner section of the ceiling, the boiler ceiling and the internals claim an approximately cuboid Room. The boiler walls 19a also delimit a cuboid room. However, this is at least in its horizontal section (at least somewhat) larger than that Horizontal section of the internals and the interior Ceiling section 8 occupied space.

    In einem nächsten, in Figur 6 veranschaulichten, Montageschritt wird nun die aus dem inneren Deckenabschnitt 8 und den Schlangen 21 bis 25 (Einbauten) sowie einem nicht weiter veranschaulichten inneren Kesselgerüst bestehende Baueinheit 26 angehoben und so von unten nach oben in den Gaszug zwischen die Kesselwände 19a eingeführt. Dabei wird der innere Deckenabschnitt 8 bis in eine entsprechende Aufnahmeöffnung oder an entsprechende Aufnahmemittel des äußeren Deckenabschnitts 7 herangeführt und hier fixiert. Bspw. werden die Deckenabschnitte 7, 8 miteinander verschraubt oder miteinander verschweißt. Außerdem werden die Einbauten 21 bis 25 angeschlossen (angeschweißt).In a next one, illustrated in FIG. The assembly step is now from the inner ceiling section 8 and the snakes 21 to 25 (internals) as well an inner boiler frame, not further illustrated existing unit 26 raised and so from below inserted into the throttle cable between the boiler walls 19a. The inner ceiling section 8 is in one corresponding receiving opening or to corresponding receiving means of the outer ceiling section 7 brought up and fixed here. E.g. the ceiling sections 7, 8 screwed together or welded together. In addition, the internals 21 to 25 are connected (welded on).

    Im folgenden wird die senkrecht oder schräg berohrte Kesselwand 19b in dem Abschnitt 10 und der Kesseltrichter 11 montiert, um den fertigen Dampferzeuger 1 nach Figur 1 zu erhalten. In the following, the vertically or obliquely drilled Boiler wall 19b in section 10 and the boiler funnel 11 mounted to the finished steam generator 1 according to Figure 1 to obtain.

    Die Montage erfolgt somit nach einer neuen Montagelogistik, die die folgenden Schritte umfasst:

  • 1. Montage von Kesselgerüst 2 und parallel dazu von Bandagen 12 und Vorbauten 15;
  • 2. Montage der Nachschaltheizflächen Economiserschlagen (21, 22), Zwischenüberhitzerschlagen (23, 24,) Überhitzerschlange (25) und gleichzeitig dazu Montage der Kesselwand (19a) in dem oberen Abschnitt (9),
  • 3. Montage der in dem weiteren (unteren) Abschnitt (10, Figur 1) angeordneten schräg berohrten Kesselwand 19b; und
  • 4. Montage des Kesseltrichters 11.
    • The assembly is carried out according to a new assembly logistics, which comprises the following steps:
  • 1. Assembly of boiler frame 2 and parallel to it of bandages 12 and stems 15;
  • 2. Installation of the post-heating surfaces economiser beats (21, 22), reheater blows (23, 24,) superheater coil (25) and at the same time installation of the boiler wall (19a) in the upper section (9),
  • 3. Assembly of the obliquely tube-shaped boiler wall 19b arranged in the further (lower) section (10, FIG. 1); and
  • 4. Installation of the boiler funnel 11.

    • Demgegenüber war das herkömmliche Montagekonzept wie folgt:

  • 1. Kesselgerüstmontage;
  • 2. Montage der Bandagen und Vorbauten;
  • 3. Montage der Berohrung (Senkrechtberohrung);
  • 4. Montage der Nachschaltheizflächen;
  • 5. Montage der darunter angeordneten Berohrung (Schrägberohrung); und
  • 6. Montage des Kesseltrichters.
    • In contrast, the conventional assembly concept was as follows:
  • 1. Boiler frame assembly;
  • 2. Assembly of the bandages and stems;
  • 3. Installation of the pipe (vertical pipe);
  • 4. Installation of the secondary heating surfaces;
  • 5. Installation of the tubing arranged below (oblique tubing); and
  • 6. Installation of the boiler funnel.

    • Das neuartige Montageverfahren des neuen Dampferzeugers gestattet erhebliche Zeit - und somit Kostenvorteile. The new assembly process of the new steam generator allows considerable time - and thus cost advantages.

    Zusammenfassend wird festgehalten, dass bei der Montage eines Dampferzeugers zunächst die Kesselstützen von unten nach oben und parallel dazu Sammler und sonstige Vorbauten auf Kragarmen der Kesselstützen montiert werden, so dass mit Fertigstellung der Kesselstützen auch Sammler und Vorbauten endmontiert sind. Anschließend wird die periphere Kesselgerüstdecke auf die Kesselstützen montiert und es werden die senkrechten Dampferzeuger-Umfassungswände in die periphere Kesselgerüstdecke eingehängt. Parallel ist während der durchlaufenen Montageperiode die innere Kesselgerüstdecke hergestellt worden und die Berührungsheizflächen (Economiser, Überhitzer) sind durch sukzessives Liften von der Om-Ebene (Gerüstsohle) nach oben an der inneren Kesselgerüstdecke montiert worden. Das so komplettierte Gesamtpaket wird nach Abschluss der Montage der peripheren Einrichtungen (Kesselstützen, Sammler und Vorbauten, senkrechte Rohrumfassungswände, periphere Kesselgerüstdecke) auf Höhe der peripheren Kesselgerüstdecke angehoben und die beiden bisher getrennten Kesselgerüstdeckenteile werden verbunden. Abschließend werden die senkrecht oder schräg berohrten Feuerraumwände einschl. Feuerraumtrichter montiert.In summary it is stated that at the Installation of a steam generator first the boiler supports from bottom to top and parallel to it collectors and others Stems are mounted on the cantilever arms of the boiler supports, so that with the completion of the boiler supports also collectors and stems are assembled. Then the peripheral boiler scaffold ceiling mounted on the boiler supports and it becomes the vertical steam generator enclosure walls suspended in the peripheral boiler frame ceiling. In parallel is during the assembly period inner boiler scaffold ceiling and the touch heating surfaces (Economiser, superheater) are through successive lifting from the Om level (scaffold base) mounted on the top of the inner boiler frame ceiling. The complete package will be completed after completion of the Assembly of peripheral equipment (boiler supports, Collectors and stems, vertical pipe walls, peripheral boiler scaffold ceiling) at the level of the peripheral Boiler frame ceiling raised and the two previously separated Parts of the boiler scaffold ceilings are connected. Finally the vertically or obliquely piped combustion chamber walls including combustion chamber funnel.

    Claims (16)

    Verfahren zur Montage von Dampferzeugern, die ein Kesselgerüst mit einer Kesselgerüstdecke, die einen inneren Deckenabschnitt und eine äußeren Deckenabschnitt aufweist, sowie Kesselwände und Einbauten aufweisen, wobei das Verfahren die folgenden Schritte beinhaltet: während des Aufbaus von Bereichen der Kesselwand werden die Einbauten an einem vom Aufbauort der Kesselwand verschiedenen Ort aufgebaut, die Einbauten werden danach in einem Transportvorgang zwischen die bereits aufgebauten Bereiche der Kesselwand positioniert und danach werden die Einbauten in ihrer Position zwischen den Kesselwänden befestigt. A method of assembling steam generators comprising a boiler frame with a boiler frame ceiling that has an inner ceiling section and an outer ceiling section, and boiler walls and internals, the method comprising the following steps: during the construction of areas of the boiler wall, the internals are installed at a different location from the location of the boiler wall, the internals are then positioned in a transport process between the already built areas of the boiler wall and then the internals are fixed in their position between the boiler walls. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vormontage der Bereiche der Kesselwand und der Einbauten, gleichzeitig und jeweils hängend erfolgt.A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the pre-assembly of the areas of the boiler wall and the internals is carried out simultaneously and hanging. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Bereiche der Kesselwand bei ihrer Montage in einen oberen Teil des Kesselgerüsts eingebaut werden wobei die Vormontage der Einbauten in einem unteren Teil des Kesselgerüsts vorgenommen wird.A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the areas of the boiler wall are installed in an upper part of the boiler frame during their assembly, the pre-assembly of the internals being carried out in a lower part of the boiler frame. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die vormontierten Einbauten zu ihrer Endmontage vorzugsweise mittels eines nur zeitweilig an dem Kesselgerüst vorhandenen Litzenhubsystems von unten nach oben zwischen den Kesselwänden hindurch in ihre Montageposition gehoben und dort befestigt werden. A method according to claim 3, characterized in that the preassembled internals for their final assembly, preferably by means of a strand lifting system which is only temporarily present on the boiler frame, are lifted from below upwards between the boiler walls into their assembly position and fastened there. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass vor der Montage der Bereiche der Kesselwand und der Einbauten das Kesselgerüst und wenigstens ein äußerer Deckenabschnitt der Kesselgerüstdecke errichtet werden und dass auf dem äußeren Deckenabschnitt der Kesselgerüstdecke ein Litzenhubsystem angeordnet wird.A method according to claim 1, characterized in that before the assembly of the areas of the boiler wall and the internals, the boiler frame and at least one outer ceiling section of the boiler frame ceiling are erected and that a strand lifting system is arranged on the outer ceiling section of the boiler frame ceiling. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei oder unmittelbar nach der Errichtung des Kesselgerüsts Bandagen und Vorbauten für die Kesselwände errichtet werden.A method according to claim 1, characterized in that bandages and stems for the boiler walls are erected during or immediately after the erection of the boiler frame. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Bandagen und Vorbauten zunächst vormontiert und nachfolgend an ihren Einbauplatz oder einen vorläufigen Einbauplatz am Kesselgerüst transportiert werden.A method according to claim 6, characterized in that the bandages and stems are first preassembled and then transported to their installation location or a provisional installation location on the boiler frame. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Einbauten unter einem inneren Deckenabschnitt der Kesselgerüstdecke hängend montiert werden, das dem Baufortschritt entsprechend schrittweise angehoben wird.A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the internals are suspended from an inner ceiling section of the boiler scaffold ceiling, which is gradually raised according to the construction progress. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5 und 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass nach dem Bau der Bereiche der Kesselwand und der Überführung der vormontierten Einbauten in ihre Montageposition der innere Deckenabschnitt der Kesselgerüstdecke und der äußere Deckenabschnitt der Kesselgerüstdecke miteinander verbunden werden.A method according to claim 5 and 8, characterized in that after the construction of the areas of the boiler wall and the transfer of the preassembled internals into their assembly position, the inner ceiling section of the boiler frame ceiling and the outer ceiling section of the boiler frame ceiling are connected to one another. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Bereiche der Kesselwand registerweise vormontiert, von oben her hängend in das Kesselgerüst eingeführt, ausgerichtet und verschweißt werden.Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the areas of the boiler wall are preassembled in register, inserted from above into the boiler frame, aligned and welded. Dampferzeuger (1), insbesondere für fossile Beheizung, mit einem Kesselgerüst (2), und mit von dem Kesselgerüst (2) getragenen Kesselwänden (19), die als Rohrwände ausgebildet sind und einen Gaszug begrenzen, mit einer Kesselgerüstdecke (6), die von dem Kesselgerüst (2) getragen und in einen äußeren Deckenabschnitt (7) sowie einen inneren Deckenabschnitt (8) unterteilt ist, der bei der Montage durch den Gaszug transportierbar und in montiertem Zustand mit dem äußeren Deckenabschnitt (7) verbunden ist, und mit in dem Gaszug angeordneten Einbauten (21 bis 25), die von der Kesselgerüstdecke (6) getragen sind. Steam generator (1), in particular for fossil heating, with a boiler frame (2), and with boiler walls (19) carried by the boiler frame (2), which are designed as tube walls and limit a gas flue, with a boiler scaffold ceiling (6) which is supported by the boiler scaffold (2) and is divided into an outer ceiling section (7) and an inner ceiling section (8) which can be transported by the throttle cable during assembly and in the assembled state with the outer ceiling section ( 7) is connected, and with internals (21 to 25) arranged in the throttle cable and carried by the boiler frame ceiling (6). Dampferzeuger nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kesselwände (19) von dem äußeren Deckenabschnitt (7) der Kesselgerüstdecke (6) getragen sind.Steam generator according to claim 11, characterized in that the boiler walls (19) are carried by the outer ceiling section (7) of the boiler frame ceiling (6). Dampferzeuger nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Einbauten (21 bis 25) von dem inneren Deckenabschnitt (8) getragen sind.Steam generator according to claim 11, characterized in that the internals (21 to 25) are carried by the inner ceiling section (8). Dampferzeuger nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zu den Einbauten (21 bis 25) Nachschaltheizflächen gehören.Steam generator according to claim 11, characterized in that the built-in elements (21 to 25) include secondary heating surfaces. Dampferzeuger nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass an dem inneren Deckenabschnitt (8) Tragrohre für die Einbauten (21 bis 25) und eine Kesseldecke befestigt sind.Steam generator according to claim 11, characterized in that on the inner ceiling section (8) support tubes for the internals (21 to 25) and a boiler ceiling are attached. Dampferzeuger nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass an dem Kesselgerüst (2) ein Hubsystem (17) vorgesehen ist, das dazu eingerichtet ist, den inneren Deckenabschnitt (8) bei der Montage schrittweise anzuheben und danach gegebenenfalls mit daran hängend befestigten Einbauten (21 bis 25) durch den Gaszug bis in eine Höhe zu heben, in der der innere Deckenabschnitt (8) an dem äußeren Deckenabschnitt befestigbar ist.Steam generator according to Claim 11, characterized in that a lifting system (17) is provided on the boiler frame (2), which is set up to gradually raise the inner ceiling section (8) during assembly and then, if necessary, with internals (21 to 25) by the throttle cable to a height at which the inner ceiling section (8) can be fastened to the outer ceiling section.
    EP01105759A 2000-03-24 2001-03-08 Steam generator and method of assembling Expired - Lifetime EP1136754B1 (en)

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    US20010023665A1 (en) 2001-09-27
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    EP1136754A3 (en) 2002-10-09
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