EP1091175A2 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung sowie zur Regelung des Luftüberschusses bei einem Verbrennungsprozess - Google Patents
Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung sowie zur Regelung des Luftüberschusses bei einem Verbrennungsprozess Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1091175A2 EP1091175A2 EP00120859A EP00120859A EP1091175A2 EP 1091175 A2 EP1091175 A2 EP 1091175A2 EP 00120859 A EP00120859 A EP 00120859A EP 00120859 A EP00120859 A EP 00120859A EP 1091175 A2 EP1091175 A2 EP 1091175A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- determined
- radiation
- combustion
- excess air
- rates
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
- F23N5/08—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using light-sensitive elements
- F23N5/082—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using light-sensitive elements using electronic means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/003—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
- F23N1/02—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2229/00—Flame sensors
- F23N2229/16—Flame sensors using two or more of the same types of flame sensor
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for determining the excess air in a combustion process.
- the invention further relates to a method for regulating the Excess air in a combustion process.
- the invention relates to a corresponding one Device for determining or regulating the excess air.
- the determined formation rates of the selected reaction products are for the control or regulation of the combustion process only suitable to a limited extent, as Size and position of the observed section of the combustion flame as well as by the mass of the supplied Fuel controlled reaction frequency are affected.
- Excess air An essential measure of the quality of a combustion is the Excess air. This denotes the air / fuel ratio, which is one when there is just as much air or Oxygen is supplied as for the combustion process is needed. An excess of air less than one, i.e. one insufficient air supply leads to incomplete combustion, while an excess of air is greater than one, or too lots of blown air, among other things, to a concentration the combustion process at the burner mouth with the consequence leads to increased combustion temperatures. Besides, that is Blow in and heat larger amounts of air with appropriate Energy losses connected.
- the excess air could only be measured by the Amount of fuel and air supplied to the combustion process be determined, with an exact measurement of the amount of fuel, especially with coal, very complex and imprecise is.
- a local dissolution of the excess air within the Combustion flame and often also a distribution of the fuel quantities on different burners were only about theoretical Considerations, but not possible through measurements.
- the combustion process was regulated accordingly So far only possible to a limited extent on the burner and above lazy beyond.
- the invention is therefore based on the object as quick, simple and location-resolving determination as possible to allow the excess air in a combustion process and furthermore the combustion process regulate.
- the object is achieved by the Claims 1 and 2 specified method or in the Claims 5 and 6 specified devices solved.
- the invention is based on the finding that a decreasing Excess air due to incomplete combustion leads to increased CO formation, while increasing Excess air due to the increased combustion temperature leads to increased CN formation. Only with one clearly Excess air can cause the excess air to be blown in contribute to cooling and thereby CN formation again reduce.
- the ratio of the formation rates of CN and CO forms one in the vicinity of the excess air value, if a large part of the air contributes to the combustion, a suitable measure to determine the excess air and further thus the combustion process, in particular the feed Air and / or its distribution to regulate.
- the formation rates of CN and CO can be determined in known way by means of emission spectroscopy.
- the education rates are preferably with at least four cameras of CN and CO from the radiation intensities in at least four different wavelength ranges of the Radiation spectrum of the combustion flame determined by the radiation intensities in two wavelength ranges the formation of CN and CO can be determined and by these determined radiation intensities from the in the two radiation intensities determined in other wavelength ranges temperature radiation determined according to the ratio pyrometry is subtracted.
- each of the cameras only has one narrow-band wave range of the radiation spectrum of the combustion flame can in practice differ from Spectrometers that have a high frequency but low spatial resolution have the excess air with high spatial resolution and can be determined quickly and therefore as a suitable control variable for controlling the excess air in the combustion process be used.
- a fire or combustion chamber 1 not shown Steam generator system, e.g. a fossil-fired one Steam generator of a power plant or a waste incineration plant, there is a combustion process.
- optical Sensors 2 and 3 in the form of special cameras capture in selected Observation points or sections the radiation spectrum the combustion flames 4.
- the ones obtained Information 5 is a data processing facility 6 supplied, which from the detected radiation spectra, e.g. by means of computer tomographic reconstruction, a spatial Temperature distribution and three-dimensional spatially resolved Profiles of the formation rates K of selected ones in the combustion process resulting reaction products are calculated.
- the temperature is determined by ratio pyrometry and the formation rates K of the reaction products by emission spectroscopy determined.
- the education rates K determined in this way become 8 one in addition to other management and control variables Control and regulating device 9 fed to the fuel supply and distribution 10, the air supply and distribution 11 as well as the supply and distribution 12 of surcharge and Auxiliaries for the combustion process controls.
- FIG. 2 shows an example of the radiation spectrum of a Combustion flame 4 at an observation point, the Radiation intensity I plotted against the wavelength ⁇ is.
- the radiation intensity I essentially settles from the temperature radiation TS (Planck radiation) and the at certain radical transitions emitted band radiation BS (Chemiluminescence) together.
- the for certain reaction products, e.g. CH are characteristic intensity peaks characterized here, the within the scope of the invention Intensities of the formation of CN at about 420nm and of CO at about 450nm band radiation BS.
- the temperature component TS of the for these reaction products Radiation intensities I measured can be obtained with known ones Calculate and subtract temperature. For this, the Temperature radiation TS according to the ratio pyrometry Wavelengths ⁇ determined at which no radical transitions occur; the corresponding band-free wavelength ranges are usually found in red or infrared Area.
- Figure 3 shows an example of the dependence of the CN formation and CO formation from the excess air L in the combustion process.
- An air excess L less than one leads to one incomplete combustion what with increased CO formation connected is.
- too much air blows in a concentration of the combustion process at the burner mouth with the consequence of increased combustion temperatures and hence higher CN formation. Too much air becomes too much blown in, this can in turn contribute to cooling and thereby reducing CN formation.
- Device becomes one and the same observation point or section of the combustion flame 4 in the fire or Combustion chamber 1 on four CCD cameras 15, 16, 17 and 18 shown, due to the upstream narrowband Filters 19, 20, 21 and 22 the radiation intensities I in four different wavelength ranges of the radiation spectrum of the combustion flame 4.
- the radiation intensities I preferably in band-free Wavelength ranges are in which the CCD cameras 15, 16, 17 and 18 subordinate device 6 after the ratio pyrometry determines the temperature radiation TS.
- the other two radiation intensities become Determination of those emitted during the formation of CN and CO Band radiation BS in the wavelength range around 420 nm or around 450 nm.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Control Of Combustion (AREA)
- Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
- Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- Figur 1
- ein Beispiel für die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung und nachfolgenden Regelung des Luftüberschusses bei einem Verbrennungsprozeß,
- Figur 2
- ein Beispiel für das Strahlungsspektrum einer Verbrennungsflamme in einem Beobachtungspunkt,
- Figur 3
- beispielhaft die Abhängigkeit der CN- und CO-Bildung sowie deren Verhältnis von dem Luftüberschuß bei einem Verbrennungsprozeß und
- Figur 4
- ein weiteres Beispiel für die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung des Luftüberschusses bei einem Verbrennungsprozeß.
Claims (8)
- Verfahren zur Bestimmung des Luftüberschusses (L) bei einem Verbrennungsprozeß, indem die Bildungsraten K(CN) und K(CO) der bei der Verbrennung gebildeten Reaktionsprodukte CN und CO ermittelt werden und das Verhältnis K(CN)/K(CO) der ermittelten Bildungsraten als eine den Luftüberschuß (L) repräsentierende Größe gebildet wird.
- Verfahren zur Regelung des Luftüberschusses (L) bei einem Verbrennungsprozeß, indem die Bildungsraten K(CN) und K(CO) der bei der Verbrennung gebildeten Reaktionsprodukte CN und CO ermittelt werden und das Verhältnis K(CN)/K(CO) der ermittelten Bildungsraten als Regelgröße für die Regelung (14) gebildet wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Bildungsraten K(CN) und K(CO) mittels Emissionsspektroskopie aus der Eigenstrahlung der Verbrennungsflamme (4) ermittelt werden.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Bildungsraten K(CN) und K(CO) aus den Strahlungsintensitäten (I) in mindestens vier unterschiedlichen Wellenlängenbereichen des Strahlungsspektrums der Verbrennungsflamme (4) ermittelt werden, indem in zwei Wellenlängenbereichen die Strahlungsintensitäten (I) bei der Bildung von CN und CO ermittelt werden und von diesen ermittelten Strahlungsintensitäten (I) die aus den in den zwei anderen Wellenlängenbereichen ermittelten Strahlungsintensitäten (I) nach der Verhältnispyrometrie bestimmte Temperaturstrahlung (TS) subtrahiert wird.
- Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung des Luftüberschusses (L) bei einem Verbrennungsprozeß mit einer Einrichtung (2, 3, 6) zur Ermittlung der Bildungsraten K(CN) und K(CO) der bei der Verbrennung gebildeten Reaktionsprodukte CN und CO und einer nachgeordneten Einrichtung (13) zur Bildung des Verhältnisses K(CN)/K(CO) der ermittelten Bildungsraten als eine den Luftüberschuß (L) repräsentierende Größe.
- Vorrichtung zur Regelung des Luftüberschusses (L) bei einem Verbrennungsprozeß mit einer Einrichtung (2, 3, 6) zur Ermittlung der Bildungsraten K(CN) und K(CO) der bei der Verbrennung gebildeten Reaktionsprodukte CN und CO und einer nachgeordneten Einrichtung (13) zur Bildung des Verhältnisses K(CN)/K(CO) der ermittelten Bildungsraten als Regelgröße für die Regelung (14).
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Einrichtung (2, 3, 6) zur Ermittlung der Bildungsraten K(CN) und K(CO) ein Emissionsspektrometer umfaßt.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Einrichtung (15, 16, 17, 18, 6) zur Ermittlung der Bildungsraten K(CN) und K(CO) mindestens vier Kameras (15, 16, 17, 18) aufweist, die die Strahlungsintensitäten (I) in mindestens vier unterschiedlichen Wellenlängenbereichen des Strahlungsspektrums der Verbrennungsflamme (4) erfassen, und daß den Kameras (15, 16, 17, 18) eine Einrichtung (6) nachgeordnet ist, die in zwei der Wellenlängenbereiche die Strahlungsintensitäten (I) bei der Bildung von CN und CO ermittelt und von diesen ermittelten Strahlungsintensitäten (I) die aus den in den zwei anderen Wellenlängenbereichen ermittelten Strahlungsintensitäten (I) nach der Verhältnispyrometrie bestimmte Temperaturstrahlung (TS) subtrahiert.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19948377A DE19948377C1 (de) | 1999-10-07 | 1999-10-07 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung sowie zur Regelung des Luftüberschusses bei einem Verbrennungsprozeß |
DE19948377 | 1999-10-07 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1091175A2 true EP1091175A2 (de) | 2001-04-11 |
EP1091175A3 EP1091175A3 (de) | 2003-08-13 |
EP1091175B1 EP1091175B1 (de) | 2006-11-02 |
Family
ID=7924851
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP00120859A Expired - Lifetime EP1091175B1 (de) | 1999-10-07 | 2000-09-25 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung sowie zur Regelung des Luftüberschusses bei einem Verbrennungsprozess |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1091175B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE344423T1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE19948377C1 (de) |
DK (1) | DK1091175T3 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2272229T3 (de) |
PT (1) | PT1091175E (de) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2816056A1 (fr) * | 2000-11-02 | 2002-05-03 | Centre Nat Rech Scient | Dispositif de mesure de richesse d'une combustion et procede afferent de reglage |
WO2008110341A1 (de) * | 2007-03-13 | 2008-09-18 | Thomas Merklein | Verfahren zur kameragestützen erfassung der strahlungsintensität eines gasförmigen chemischen reaktionsproduktes sowie anwendungen des verfahrens und korrespondierende vorrichtung |
WO2010149687A3 (de) * | 2009-06-24 | 2011-03-03 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur regelung eines verbrennungsprozesses, insbesondere in einem feuerraum eines fossilbefeuerten dampferzeugers, und verbrennungssystem |
WO2014075795A1 (de) | 2012-11-16 | 2014-05-22 | Thomas Merklein | Cfd-simulation eines feuerraums mit mehreren brennern mit getrennter berücksichtigung der von den jeweiligen brennern stammenden brennstoff- und luftanteile |
RU2530440C1 (ru) * | 2013-04-15 | 2014-10-10 | Научно-производственное акционерное общество закрытого типа (НПАО) "ЗОЯ" | Способ оценки качества обогащения попутного нефтяного газа и устройство для его осуществления |
EP4382893A1 (de) * | 2022-12-05 | 2024-06-12 | Baker Hughes Holdings LLC | Spektrale flammenmessungen von industrieflammen |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102008056672A1 (de) * | 2008-11-11 | 2010-05-12 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Überwachen der Verbrennung eines Kraftwerks auf der Grundlage zweier realer Konzentrationsverteilungen |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0612961A2 (de) | 1993-02-24 | 1994-08-31 | RWE Entsorgung Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Ermittlung charakteristischer Eigenschaften von Radikale bildenden Prozessen |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS60159515A (ja) * | 1984-01-27 | 1985-08-21 | Hitachi Ltd | 火炉システム |
DE19710206A1 (de) * | 1997-03-12 | 1998-09-17 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Verbrennungsanalyse sowie Flammenüberwachung in einem Verbrennungsraum |
-
1999
- 1999-10-07 DE DE19948377A patent/DE19948377C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-09-25 DK DK00120859T patent/DK1091175T3/da active
- 2000-09-25 PT PT00120859T patent/PT1091175E/pt unknown
- 2000-09-25 DE DE50013683T patent/DE50013683D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-09-25 AT AT00120859T patent/ATE344423T1/de active
- 2000-09-25 EP EP00120859A patent/EP1091175B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-09-25 ES ES00120859T patent/ES2272229T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0612961A2 (de) | 1993-02-24 | 1994-08-31 | RWE Entsorgung Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Ermittlung charakteristischer Eigenschaften von Radikale bildenden Prozessen |
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2816056A1 (fr) * | 2000-11-02 | 2002-05-03 | Centre Nat Rech Scient | Dispositif de mesure de richesse d'une combustion et procede afferent de reglage |
WO2008110341A1 (de) * | 2007-03-13 | 2008-09-18 | Thomas Merklein | Verfahren zur kameragestützen erfassung der strahlungsintensität eines gasförmigen chemischen reaktionsproduktes sowie anwendungen des verfahrens und korrespondierende vorrichtung |
AU2008226060B2 (en) * | 2007-03-13 | 2011-04-21 | Thomas Merklein | Method for the camera-assisted detection of the radiation intensity of a gaseous chemical reaction product and uses of said method and corresponding device |
US8203714B2 (en) | 2007-03-13 | 2012-06-19 | Thomas Merklein | Method for the camera-assisted detection of the radiation intensity of a gaseous chemical reaction product and uses of said method and corresponding device |
CN101641581B (zh) * | 2007-03-13 | 2012-11-07 | T·梅克兰 | 用于摄像机支持地检测气态的化学反应产物的辐射强度的方法以及该方法的应用和相应的设备 |
RU2466364C2 (ru) * | 2007-03-13 | 2012-11-10 | Томас МЕРКЛЯЙН | Способ детектирования интенсивности излучения газообразной смеси продуктов реакции при помощи фотокамер, применение способа и предназначенное для этого устройство |
WO2010149687A3 (de) * | 2009-06-24 | 2011-03-03 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur regelung eines verbrennungsprozesses, insbesondere in einem feuerraum eines fossilbefeuerten dampferzeugers, und verbrennungssystem |
RU2523931C2 (ru) * | 2009-06-24 | 2014-07-27 | Сименс Акциенгезелльшафт | Способ регулирования процесса горения, в частности, в топочном пространстве парогенератора, отапливаемого ископаемым топливом, и система сжигания |
US9360209B2 (en) | 2009-06-24 | 2016-06-07 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method for controlling a combustion process, in particular in a firing chamber of a fossil-fuel-fired steam generator, and combustion system |
WO2014075795A1 (de) | 2012-11-16 | 2014-05-22 | Thomas Merklein | Cfd-simulation eines feuerraums mit mehreren brennern mit getrennter berücksichtigung der von den jeweiligen brennern stammenden brennstoff- und luftanteile |
RU2530440C1 (ru) * | 2013-04-15 | 2014-10-10 | Научно-производственное акционерное общество закрытого типа (НПАО) "ЗОЯ" | Способ оценки качества обогащения попутного нефтяного газа и устройство для его осуществления |
EP4382893A1 (de) * | 2022-12-05 | 2024-06-12 | Baker Hughes Holdings LLC | Spektrale flammenmessungen von industrieflammen |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1091175B1 (de) | 2006-11-02 |
DK1091175T3 (da) | 2007-01-22 |
DE19948377C1 (de) | 2001-05-23 |
PT1091175E (pt) | 2007-02-28 |
EP1091175A3 (de) | 2003-08-13 |
DE50013683D1 (de) | 2006-12-14 |
ATE344423T1 (de) | 2006-11-15 |
ES2272229T3 (es) | 2007-05-01 |
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