EP1032480A1 - Method and device for thermally supporting mechanical joints - Google Patents

Method and device for thermally supporting mechanical joints

Info

Publication number
EP1032480A1
EP1032480A1 EP98964360A EP98964360A EP1032480A1 EP 1032480 A1 EP1032480 A1 EP 1032480A1 EP 98964360 A EP98964360 A EP 98964360A EP 98964360 A EP98964360 A EP 98964360A EP 1032480 A1 EP1032480 A1 EP 1032480A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heating
hold
die
down device
station
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP98964360A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1032480B1 (en
Inventor
Fritz Liebrecht
Reinhard Mauermann
Georg Donhauser
Hartmut Carstensen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
DaimlerChrysler Rail Systems Schweiz AG
Bombardier Transportation GmbH
Technische Universitaet Dresden
Kerb Konus Vertriebs GmbH
Original Assignee
ABB Daimler Benz Transportation Schweiz AG
Technische Universitaet Dresden
ABB Daimler Benz Transportation Technology GmbH
Kerb Konus Vertriebs GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Daimler Benz Transportation Schweiz AG, Technische Universitaet Dresden, ABB Daimler Benz Transportation Technology GmbH, Kerb Konus Vertriebs GmbH filed Critical ABB Daimler Benz Transportation Schweiz AG
Priority claimed from DE19852809A external-priority patent/DE19852809A1/en
Publication of EP1032480A1 publication Critical patent/EP1032480A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1032480B1 publication Critical patent/EP1032480B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
    • B23K11/10—Spot welding; Stitch welding
    • B23K11/11—Spot welding
    • B23K11/115—Spot welding by means of two electrodes placed opposite one another on both sides of the welded parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J15/00—Riveting
    • B21J15/02—Riveting procedures
    • B21J15/025—Setting self-piercing rivets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J15/00—Riveting
    • B21J15/02—Riveting procedures
    • B21J15/08—Riveting by applying heat, e.g. to the end parts of the rivets to enable heads to be formed

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for thermally supporting mechanical joints according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention also relates to a device for carrying out the method according to the preamble of claim 7
  • Resistance spot welding is known, for example, for joining metal sheets.
  • the metal sheets are melted to a limited extent and joined together in the melting zone. Because of the structural change occurring in the melting zone, the metal sheets in this area are less mechanically loadable
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method and a device which enables the use of high-strength materials when punching rivets by means of semi-tubular rivets or full rivets or when enforcing them, even with an extreme degree of hardening, as is the case with austenitic stainless steels
  • the object is achieved by a method having the features mentioned in claim 1.
  • the object is further achieved by a device having the features mentioned in claim 7.
  • Further developments and refinements are the subject of subclaims It is essential to the invention that in the future forming zone there is local and temporary heating of the parts to be joined by electrical resistance heating, the heating being carried out by holding-down devices and dies or these with or upstream elements and the heating being triggered at the beginning or immediately before and before the beginning of the forming in the forming zone is completed
  • the heating is advantageously carried out directly between a hold-down device and a die, the heating being triggered at the start of the working stroke.
  • the hold-down device is provided with an inclined support surface and the die with a ring
  • the heating takes place between an upper ring made of one or more contact shoes and a lower ring made of one or more contact shoes, which are each arranged around the hold-down device and the die, the heating being triggered at the beginning of the working stroke
  • the heating takes place between a first electrode and a second electrode, which are assigned to a first station, and the forming is carried out subsequently in a second station, the heating being triggered immediately before the beginning of the forming
  • the heating does not primarily affect the tools or the auxiliary joining parts, but the heating extends in the parts to be joined to the area in which the degree of forming is greatest.
  • the heating is completed before the beginning of the forming and sets either after the start of the working stroke one or immediately before the working stroke of a station upstream of the forming. This allows the heating to be controlled well and the energy input to be restricted to a minimum
  • the joint After the forming, the joint immediately cools down. This is achieved by entering a minimal amount of heat, and the holding-down stroke / heating forming is precisely timed
  • the hold-down device and the die or these or the upstream elements are designed as poles for electrical resistance heating, wherein
  • Hold-down device, die, contact shoe are provided with appropriate contact surfaces, so that streamlines extend through the joint partners in localized training, which
  • the hold-down device is provided with a bevel and the die has an annular elevation
  • an upper ring consists of one or more contact shoes, which is arranged around a hold-down device, and a lower ring consists of one or more
  • electrodes for heating the joint partners are provided in a station which is located upstream of the station for forming
  • the advantage of the invention is that the known punch riveting by means of semi-tubular rivets or with full rivets or pushing through, even when using high-strength materials, can also be used with an extreme degree of consolidation, with no impairment of the quality of the joints by overstressing the auxiliary joining parts or the base material during the joining process Due to the cooling at the joint, a radial prestress at the joint point increases the strength of the connection
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows a device according to the invention with illustration of the joint parts without an auxiliary joining part.
  • FIG. 3 shows a heat sink belonging to FIG. 2
  • each with a contact shoe around hold-down devices 5 shows a device according to the invention with electrodes for heating in a first
  • FIGS. 1 a to 1 a The individual phases of mechanical jointing are shown in FIGS. 1 a to 1 a using the example of punch riveting using solid rivets.
  • the device according to the invention is included in the illustration.
  • the joint parts 1 a and 1 b are located on the die 4.
  • In FIG 5 is electrically decoupled from the die 4. Both parts form the poles for electrical resistance heating.
  • the heating by electrical impulses begins
  • the bevel on the holding-down device 5 enables the transfer resistance between the holding-down device 5 and the stamp-side sheet metal la to be reduced in such a way that the current flow and thus the desired heating in the later forming zone - that is to say in the area of the outer diameter of the full rivet 2 -
  • the heating phase is shown in FIG. 1b during the feed movement of
  • Resistance heating is implemented via timers or sensors
  • the shaping process has ended and the locally introduced one
  • the amount of heat can be distributed quickly in the sheets la and lb
  • the cooling of the tools is realized by the cooling body arrangement 6, 7, which are preferably made of copper
  • FIG. 2 shows a device according to the invention, in which the course of the streamlines 9 is shown.
  • the device is used to locate the heating between the tools connected as poles, hold-down device 5 and die 4 via the contact surfaces 16, 17 in a very confined space, as by illustrates the course of the streamlines 9 3 shows an associated heat sink 6, which is arranged around the hold-down device 5.
  • the heat sink 6 is provided on the outer edge with air cooling fins 8 and can also be water-cooled at high stroke rates
  • FIG. 4 shows a further device according to the invention in which a ring of contact shoes 10, 11 is arranged around the hold-down device 5 and a ring of contact shoes 12, 13 around the die 4.
  • the contact surfaces 18, 19 of the contact shoes 10, 12 are very close to the hold-down device 5 and die 4 arranged and the heating area in the sheets la, lb is limited
  • FIG. 5 shows a device according to the invention in which electrodes 14, 15 for heating the joint partners 1 a, 1 b are provided in a station upstream of the forming station.
  • the narrow contact surfaces 20, 21 ensure the limited heating area

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Insertion Pins And Rivets (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Joints Allowing Movement (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and device for thermally supporting mechanical joints by means of punched rivets with a semi-hollow rivet or a solid rivet or by pounding. The method is characterized in that a local and time limited heating of the joint parts (1a, 1b) occurs by means of electric resistance heating in the future forming zone, whereby the heating is carried out by means of a hold-down device (5) and a matrix (4) or by elements (10/11, 12/13) arranged next to or elements (14, 15) arranged in front of said hold-down device and matrix. The heating is initiated at the start of or immediately before the joining process and is completed before the forming begins.

Description

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum thermisch unterstützten mechanischen FügenMethod and device for thermally assisted mechanical joining
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum thermisch unterstutzen mechanischen Fugen gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1 Die Erfindung betrifft außerdem eine Vorrichtungen zur Durchfuhrung des Verfahrens gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 7The invention relates to a method for thermally supporting mechanical joints according to the preamble of claim 1. The invention also relates to a device for carrying out the method according to the preamble of claim 7
Zum Verbinden von Blechen ist z B das Widerstandspunktschweißen bekannt Bei diesem Verfahren werden die Bleche ortlich begrenzt aufgeschmolzen und in der Schmelzone miteinander verbunden Wegen der auftretenden Gefiigeveranderung in der Schmelzone sind die Bleche in diesem Bereich geringer mechanisch belastbarResistance spot welding is known, for example, for joining metal sheets. In this method, the metal sheets are melted to a limited extent and joined together in the melting zone. Because of the structural change occurring in the melting zone, the metal sheets in this area are less mechanically loadable
Zum mechanischen Fugen sind weiterhin Verfahren bekannt wieMethods for mechanical joining are also known
- das Durchsetzen- enforcement
- das Stanznieten mittels Halbhohlniet- The punch riveting by means of semi-tubular rivets
- das Stanznieten mittels Vollniet- punch riveting by means of full rivets
Die Herstellung der mechanischen Verbindung wird bei Raumtemperatur durchgeführt Nachteilig bei diesen Verfahren ist, daß der mechanische Fugeprozeß zu einer teilweise extremen Kaltverfestigung in der Verbindungszone fuhrt Die entsprechenden Vorrichtungen müssen für hohe Kräfte ausgelegt werden, ebenso die Werkzeuge Die Hilfsfügeteile wie Halbhohlniet und Vollniet werden unerwünscht deformiert bis zerstört Deswegen ist die Verwendung hochfester Bleche stark eingeschränktThe production of the mechanical connection is carried out at room temperature. A disadvantage of this method is that the mechanical joining process leads to a sometimes extreme strain hardening in the connection zone. The corresponding devices must be designed for high forces, as well as the tools. The auxiliary joining parts such as semi-tubular rivets and solid rivets are undesirably deformed until destroyed That is why the use of high-strength sheets is severely restricted
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht darin, ein Verfahren sowie eine Vorrichtung anzugeben, welche beim Stanznieten mittels Halbhohlniet oder Vollniet bz beim Durchsetzen den Einatz von hochfesten Werkstoffen, auch bei einem extremen Verfestigungsgrad, wie bei austeniti sehen Edelstahlen, ermöglichtThe object of the invention is to provide a method and a device which enables the use of high-strength materials when punching rivets by means of semi-tubular rivets or full rivets or when enforcing them, even with an extreme degree of hardening, as is the case with austenitic stainless steels
Erfindungegemäß wird die Aufgabe durch ein Verfahren mit den im Anspruch 1 genannten Merkmalen gelost Die Aufgabe wird weiterhin durch eine Vorrichtung mit den im Anspruch 7 genannten Merkmalen gelost Weiterbildungen und Ausgestaltungen sind Gegenstand von Unteranspruchen Wesentlich an der Erfindung ist, daß in der künftigen Umformzone eine lokal und zeitlich begrenzte Erwärmung der Fügeteile durch elektrische Widerstandserwarmung erfolgt, wobei die Erwärmung durch Niederhalter und Matrize oder diesen bei oder vorgeordneten Elementen erfolgt und die Erwärmung mit Beginn oder unmittelbar davor ausgelost wird und vor dem Beginn der Umformung in der Umformzone abgeschlossen istAccording to the invention, the object is achieved by a method having the features mentioned in claim 1. The object is further achieved by a device having the features mentioned in claim 7. Further developments and refinements are the subject of subclaims It is essential to the invention that in the future forming zone there is local and temporary heating of the parts to be joined by electrical resistance heating, the heating being carried out by holding-down devices and dies or these with or upstream elements and the heating being triggered at the beginning or immediately before and before the beginning of the forming in the forming zone is completed
Vorteilhaft erfolgt in einer ersten Variante des Verfahrens die Erwärmung direkt zwischen einem Niederhalter und einer Matrize, wobei die Erwärmung mit dem Beginn des Arbeitshubes ausgelost wird Der Niederhalter ist dazu mit einer schrägen Auflageflache und die Matrize mit einem Ring versehenIn a first variant of the method, the heating is advantageously carried out directly between a hold-down device and a die, the heating being triggered at the start of the working stroke. The hold-down device is provided with an inclined support surface and the die with a ring
Bei einer vorteilhaften zweiten Verfahrensvariante erfolgt die Erwärmung zwischen einem oberen Ring aus einem oder mehreren Kontaktschuhen und einem unteren Ring aus einem oder mehreren Kontaktschuhen, die jeweils um Niederhalter und Matrize angeordnet sind, wobei die Erwärmung mit dem Beginn des Arbeitshubes ausgelost wirdIn an advantageous second method variant, the heating takes place between an upper ring made of one or more contact shoes and a lower ring made of one or more contact shoes, which are each arranged around the hold-down device and the die, the heating being triggered at the beginning of the working stroke
Bei einer dritten vorteilhaften Verfahrensvariante erfolgt die Erwärmung zwischen einer ersten Elektrode und einer zweiten Elektrode, die einer ersten Station zugeordnet sind und die Umformung wird zeitlich anschließend in einer zweiten Station durchgeführt, wobei die Erwärmung unmittelbar vor dem Beginn der Umformung ausgelost wirdIn a third advantageous variant of the method, the heating takes place between a first electrode and a second electrode, which are assigned to a first station, and the forming is carried out subsequently in a second station, the heating being triggered immediately before the beginning of the forming
Von der Erwärmung sind nicht primär die Werkzeuge oder die Hilfsfügeteile betroffen, sondern die Erwärmung erstreckt sich in den zu fügenden Teilen auf den Bereich, in dem der Umformgrad am größten ist Die Erwärmung ist dabei vor dem Beginn der Umformung abgeschlossen und setzt entweder nach dem Start des Arbeitshubes ein oder unmittelbar vor dem Arbeitshub einer der Umformung vorgelagerten Station Damit laßt sich die Erwärmung gut steuern und der Energieeintrag auf ein Minimum beschrankenThe heating does not primarily affect the tools or the auxiliary joining parts, but the heating extends in the parts to be joined to the area in which the degree of forming is greatest. The heating is completed before the beginning of the forming and sets either after the start of the working stroke one or immediately before the working stroke of a station upstream of the forming. This allows the heating to be controlled well and the energy input to be restricted to a minimum
Nach der Umformung setzt ein sofortiges Erkalten der Fugestelle ein Dies wird erreicht, indem eine minimale Wärmemenge eingetragen wird, und eine genaue zeitliche Abstimmung von Niederhalterhub/Erwarmung Umformung erfolgt Zur Durchführung des Verfahrens sind der Niederhalter und die Matrize oder diesen bei oder vorgeordnete Elemente als Pole zur elektrischen Widerstandserwarmung ausgebildet, wobeiAfter the forming, the joint immediately cools down. This is achieved by entering a minimal amount of heat, and the holding-down stroke / heating forming is precisely timed In order to carry out the method, the hold-down device and the die or these or the upstream elements are designed as poles for electrical resistance heating, wherein
Niederhalter, Matrize, Kontaktschuh mit entsprechenden Auflageflachen versehen sind, so daß sich durch die Fugepartner Stromlinien in ortlich begrenzter Ausbildung erstrecken, die denHold-down device, die, contact shoe are provided with appropriate contact surfaces, so that streamlines extend through the joint partners in localized training, which
Erwarmungsbereich begrenzenLimit the heating area
Bei einer ersten Vorrichtung ist der Niederhalter mit einer Schräge versehen und die Matrize weist eine ringförmige Erhebung aufIn a first device, the hold-down device is provided with a bevel and the die has an annular elevation
Bei einer zweiten Vorrichtung sind ein oberer Ring aus einem oder mehreren Kontaktschuhen, der um einen Niederhalter angeordnet ist, und ein unterer Ring aus einem oder mehrerenIn a second device, an upper ring consists of one or more contact shoes, which is arranged around a hold-down device, and a lower ring consists of one or more
Kontaktschuhen, der um eine Matrize angeordnet ist, vorgesehen, wobei die Auflageflachen derContact shoes, which is arranged around a die, provided, the contact surfaces of the
Kontaktschuhe sehr nah an Niederhalter und Matrize angeordnet sind und der Erwarmungsbereich dadurch eingegrenzt istContact shoes are arranged very close to the hold-down device and the die, which limits the heating area
Bei einer dritten Vorrichtung sind Elektroden zur Erwärmung der Fugepartner in einer Station vorgesehen, die der Station zur Umformung vorgelagert istIn a third device, electrodes for heating the joint partners are provided in a station which is located upstream of the station for forming
Der Vorteil der Erfindung besteht darin, daß das bekannte Stanznieten mittels Halbhohlniet oder mit Vollniet bzw Durchsetzen, auch beim Einsatz von hochfesten Werkstoffen, auch mit extremen Verfestigungsgrad eingesetzt werden kann, wobei es zu keiner Beeinträchtigung der Qualität der Fugestelle durch Uberbeanspruchung der Hilfsfügeteile bzw des Grundwerkstoffes wahrend des Fugens kommt Durch die Abkühlung an der Fugestelle erhöht eine radiale Vorspannung im Fugepunkt die Festigkeit der VerbindungThe advantage of the invention is that the known punch riveting by means of semi-tubular rivets or with full rivets or pushing through, even when using high-strength materials, can also be used with an extreme degree of consolidation, with no impairment of the quality of the joints by overstressing the auxiliary joining parts or the base material during the joining process Due to the cooling at the joint, a radial prestress at the joint point increases the strength of the connection
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend an einem Ausführungsbeispiel für das Verfahren und die Vorrichtung naher erläutert In den Zeichnungen zeigenThe invention is explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment for the method and the device. Show in the drawings
Fig la - le einzelne Phasen einer mechanischen Fugung am Beispiel des Vollstanznietens dargestellt, Fig. 2 schematisch eine erfindungsgemaße Vorrichtung mit Darstellung der Fugeteile ohne Hilfsfügeteil Fig 3 ein zur Fig 2 gehöriger KühlkörperIndividual phases of mechanical jointing are shown using the example of full punch riveting, FIG. 2 schematically shows a device according to the invention with illustration of the joint parts without an auxiliary joining part. FIG. 3 shows a heat sink belonging to FIG. 2
Fig 4 eine erfindungsgemaße Vorrichtung mit je einem Kontaktschuh um Niederhalter und Matrize Fig 5 eine erfindungsgemaße Vorrichtung mit Elektroden zur Erwärmung in einer ersten4 shows a device according to the invention, each with a contact shoe around hold-down devices 5 shows a device according to the invention with electrodes for heating in a first
Station und der Fügevorrichtung in einer zweiten StationStation and the joining device in a second station
In den Fig la bis le sind die einzelnen Phasen einer mechanischen Fugung am Beispiel des Stanznietens mittels Vollniet dargestellt Bei der Darstellung ist die erfindungsgemaße Vorrichtung mit einbezogen Auf der Matrize 4 liegen die Fugeteile la und lb In der Fig la ist der Niederhalter 5 aufgesetzt Der Niederhalter 5 ist elektrisch von der Matrize 4 entkoppelt Beide Teile bilden die Pole für eine elektrische Widerstandserwarmung Mit dem Aufsetzen des Niederhalters 5 auf das Stempel seitige Blech la und ggf dem Eindrucken des Bleches la mit der schrägen Stirnseite des Niederhalters 5, beginnt die Erwärmung durch elektrische Impulse Die Schräge am Niederhalter 5 ermöglicht die Verringerung des Ubergangswiderstandes zwischen dem Niederhalter 5 und dem stempelseitigen Blech la auf solche Weise, daß der Stromfluß und damit die gewünschte Erwärmung in der spateren Umformzone - also im Bereich des Außendurchmessers des Vollnietes 2 - liegtThe individual phases of mechanical jointing are shown in FIGS. 1 a to 1 a using the example of punch riveting using solid rivets. The device according to the invention is included in the illustration. The joint parts 1 a and 1 b are located on the die 4. In FIG 5 is electrically decoupled from the die 4. Both parts form the poles for electrical resistance heating. When the holding-down device 5 is placed on the stamp-side sheet la and, if necessary, the sheet la is impressed with the oblique end face of the holding-down device 5, the heating by electrical impulses begins The bevel on the holding-down device 5 enables the transfer resistance between the holding-down device 5 and the stamp-side sheet metal la to be reduced in such a way that the current flow and thus the desired heating in the later forming zone - that is to say in the area of the outer diameter of the full rivet 2 -
In der Fig lb ist die Erwarmungsphase dargestellt Wahrend der Vorschubbewegung vonThe heating phase is shown in FIG. 1b during the feed movement of
Stempel 3 und Vollniet 2 wird die lokale Erwärmung realisiertStamp 3 and rivet 2, local heating is realized
Mit dem Aufsetzen des Vollnietes 2 entsprechend der Fig lc auf dem Blech la ist dieWith the placement of the full rivet 2 according to the Fig lc on the sheet la is the
Erwärmung beendet und der Umformvorgang beginnt Die Steuerung der elektrischenHeating ends and the forming process begins. The control of the electrical
Widerstandserwarmung wird über Zeitglieder oder Sensoren realisiertResistance heating is implemented via timers or sensors
Entsprechend der Fig ld ist der Umformvorgang beendet und die lokal eingebrachteAccording to FIG. 1d, the shaping process has ended and the locally introduced one
Wärmemenge kann sich rasch in den Blechen la und lb verteilenThe amount of heat can be distributed quickly in the sheets la and lb
Gemäß der Fig le befinden sich der Niederhalter 5, Stempel 3 und Kühlkörper 6 im oberenAccording to the Fig le are the hold-down 5, punch 3 and heat sink 6 in the upper
Totpunkt Die Kühlung der Werkzeuge wird durch die Kuhlkorperanordnung 6,7 realisiert, welche vorzugsweise aus Kupfer gefertigt sindDead center The cooling of the tools is realized by the cooling body arrangement 6, 7, which are preferably made of copper
In der Fig 2 ist eine erfindungsgemaße Vorrichtung dargestellt, bei der der Verlauf der Stromlinien 9 gezeigt ist Durch die Vorrichtung wird die Erwärmung zwischen den als Pole geschalteten Werkzeugen, Niederhalter 5 und Matrize 4 über die Auflageflachen 16,17 auf engsten Raum lokalisiert, wie durch den Verlauf der Stromlinien 9 verdeutlicht Fig 3 zeigt einen zugehörigen Kühlkörper 6, der um den Niederhalter 5 angeordnet ist Der Kühlkörper 6 ist am Außenrand mit Luftkuhlrippen 8 versehen, und kann bei hohen Hubzahlen auch wassergekühlt werden2 shows a device according to the invention, in which the course of the streamlines 9 is shown. The device is used to locate the heating between the tools connected as poles, hold-down device 5 and die 4 via the contact surfaces 16, 17 in a very confined space, as by illustrates the course of the streamlines 9 3 shows an associated heat sink 6, which is arranged around the hold-down device 5. The heat sink 6 is provided on the outer edge with air cooling fins 8 and can also be water-cooled at high stroke rates
Fig 4 zeigt eine weitere erfindungsgemaße Vorrichtung bei der ein Ring aus Kontaktschuhen 10,11 um den Niederhalter 5 und ein Ring aus Kontaktschuhen 12,13 um die Matrize 4 angeordnet ist Die Auflageflachen 18,19 der Kontaktschuhe 10, 12 sind sehr nah an Niederhalter 5 und Matrize 4 angeordnet und der Erwarmungsbereich in den Blechen la,lb wird dadurch eingegrenzt4 shows a further device according to the invention in which a ring of contact shoes 10, 11 is arranged around the hold-down device 5 and a ring of contact shoes 12, 13 around the die 4. The contact surfaces 18, 19 of the contact shoes 10, 12 are very close to the hold-down device 5 and die 4 arranged and the heating area in the sheets la, lb is limited
Fig 5 zeigt schließlich eine erfindungsgemaße Vorrichtung bei der Elektroden 14,15 zur Erwärmung der Fugepartner la,lb in einer der Umformstation vorgelagerten Station vorgesehen sind Die schmalen Auflageflachen 20,21 gewahrleisten den eingegrenzten Erwarmungsbereich Finally, FIG. 5 shows a device according to the invention in which electrodes 14, 15 for heating the joint partners 1 a, 1 b are provided in a station upstream of the forming station. The narrow contact surfaces 20, 21 ensure the limited heating area
BezugszeichenlisteReference list
la - stempelseitiges Blech lb - matrizenseitiges Blechla - sheet metal on the stamp side lb - sheet metal on the die side
2 -Vollniet2 rivets
3 - Stempel3 - stamp
4 - Matrize4 - die
5 - Niederhalter5 - hold-down
6 - Kühlkörper/Niederhalter6 - Heatsink / hold-down
7 - Kühlkörper/Matrize7 - Heatsink / die
8 - Luftkühlrippen8 - Air cooling fins
9 - Stromlinien9 - Streamlines
10 - oberer Kontaktschuh10 - upper contact shoe
1 1 - oberer Kontaktschuh1 1 - upper contact shoe
12 - unterer Kontaktschuh12 - lower contact shoe
13 - unterer Kontaktschuh13 - lower contact shoe
14 - oberere Elektrode14 - upper electrode
15 - untere Elektrode15 - lower electrode
16 - Auflagefläche am Niederhalter16 - Contact surface on the hold-down device
17 - Auflagefläche an der Matrize17 - contact surface on the die
18 - Auflagefläche am Kontaktschuh18 - contact surface on the contact shoe
19 - Auflagefläche am Kontaktschuh19 - contact surface on the contact shoe
20 - Auflagefläche an einer Elektrode20 - contact surface on an electrode
21 - Auflagefläche an einer Elektrode α -Winkel der Auflagefläche des Niederhalters 21 - contact surface on an electrode α angle of the contact surface of the hold-down device

Claims

Patentansprücheclaims
1 Verfahren zum thermisch unterstützten mechanischen Fugen mittels Stanznieten mit Halbhohlniet oder Vollniet bzw Durchsetzen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in der künftigen Umformzone eine lokal und zeitlich begrenzte Erwärmung der Fugeteile (la, lb) durch elektrische Widerstandserwarmung erfolgt, wobei die Erwärmung durch Niederhalter (5) und Matrize (4) oder diesen bei- (10/11,12/13) oder vorgeordnete Elemente (14,15) erfolgt und die Erwärmung mit Beginn des Fugeprozesses oder unmittelbar davor ausgelost wird und vor dem Beginn der Umformung abgeschlossen ist1 Process for thermally assisted mechanical joints by means of punch rivets with semi-tubular rivets or full rivets or pushing through, characterized in that in the future forming zone, the joint parts (la, lb) are heated locally and for a limited time by electrical resistance heating, the heating being carried out by hold-down devices (5) and die (4) or these (10/11, 12/13) or upstream elements (14, 15) and the heating is triggered at the start of the joining process or immediately before and is completed before the start of the forming
2 Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Erwärmung zwischen einem Niederhalter (5) und einer Matrize (4) erfolgt, wobei die Erwärmung mit dem Aufsetzen des Niederhalters (5) ausgelost wird2 The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating takes place between a hold-down device (5) and a die (4), the heating being triggered by placing the hold-down device (5)
3 Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Erwärmung zwischen einem oberen Ring aus einem oder mehreren Kontaktschuhen (10/11) und einem unteren Ring aus einem oder mehreren Kontaktschuhen (12/13) erfolgt, die jeweils um Niederhalter (5) und Matrize (4) angeordnet sind, wobei die Erwärmung mit oder unmittelbar vor dem Beginn des Arbeitshubes ausgelost wird3 The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating takes place between an upper ring made of one or more contact shoes (10/11) and a lower ring made of one or more contact shoes (12/13), each with hold-down devices (5) and Matrix (4) are arranged, the heating being triggered with or immediately before the start of the working stroke
4 Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Erwärmung zwischen einer Elektrode (14) und einer Elektrode (15) erfolgt, die einer ersten Station zugeordnet sind und die Umformung zeitlich anschließend in einer zweiten Station durchgeführt wird, wobei die Erwärmung unmittelbar vor dem Beginn der Umformung ausgelost wird4 The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating takes place between an electrode (14) and an electrode (15) which are assigned to a first station and the forming is then carried out in time in a second station, the heating immediately before Start of the drawing is drawn
5 Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Umformzone auf eine Temperatur von 35 bis 250 °C erwärmt wird5 The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the forming zone is heated to a temperature of 35 to 250 ° C
6 Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Umformzone auf eine Temperatur von ca 40 °C erwärmt wird Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Niederhalter (5) und die Matrize (4) oder diesen bei- (10/1 1,12/13) oder vorgeordnete Elemente (14, 15) als Pole zur elektrischen Widerstand erwarmung ausgebildet sind, wobei Niederhalter (5), Matrize (4) oder Kontaktschuhe (10/11, 12/13, 14/15) mit entsprechenden Auflageflachen (16, 17,18, 19, 20,21) versehen sind, so daß sich durch die Fugepartner (la, lb) Stromlinien (9) in ortlich begrenzter Ausbildung erstrecken, und der Erwarmungsbereich begrenzt ist6 The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the forming zone is heated to a temperature of about 40 ° C. Device for carrying out the method according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the hold-down device (5) and the die (4) or elements (14/15) or upstream elements (14/15) are designed as poles for electrical resistance heating, holding-down device (5), die (4) or contact shoes (10/11, 12/13, 14/15) with corresponding contact surfaces (16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21) are provided so that streamlines (9) extend through the joint partners (la, lb) in a locally limited configuration, and the heating area is limited
Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Niederhalter (5) und die Matrize (4) einer an sich bekannten Vorrichtung zum meachanischen Fugen als Pole zur elektrischen Widerstanderwarmung ausgebildet sind, wobei die Auflageflache (16) am Niederhalter (5) mit einer Schräge versehen ist und die Auflageflache (17) an der Matrize (4) eine ringförmige Erhebung aufweist, so daß sich durch die Fugepartner (la,lb) Stromlinien (9) in ortlich begrenzter Ausbildung erstrecken, die den Erwarmungsbereich begrenzenDevice for carrying out the method according to claim 7, characterized in that the hold-down device (5) and the die (4) of a device known per se for mechanical jointing are designed as poles for electrical resistance heating, the support surface (16) on the hold-down device (5 ) is provided with a slope and the support surface (17) on the die (4) has an annular elevation, so that streamline lines (9) extend through the joint partners (la, lb) in a locally limited configuration, which limit the heating area
Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein oberer Ring aus einem oder mehreren ( 10/1 1) Kontaktschuhen, der um einen Niederhalter (5) angeordnet ist, und ein unterer Ring aus einem oder mehreren Kontaktschuhen (12/13), der um eine Matrize (4) angeordnet ist, vorgesehen sind, wobei die Auflageflachen (18,19) der Kontaktschuhe (10, 12) so ausgebildet sind, daß sich durch die Fugepartner (la,lb) Stromlinien (9) in ortlich begrenzter Ausbildung erstrecken, die den Erwarmungsbereich begrenzenDevice for carrying out the method according to claim 7, characterized in that an upper ring made of one or more (10/1 1) contact shoes, which is arranged around a hold-down device (5), and a lower ring made of one or more contact shoes (12 / 13), which is arranged around a die (4), are provided, the contact surfaces (18, 19) of the contact shoes (10, 12) being designed such that streamlines (9) in through the joint partners (la, lb) localized training that limit the warming area
Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Elektrode (14) und eine Elektrode (15) in einer ersten Station zur Erwarmung der Fugepartner (la,lb) vorgesehen sind, wobei die Auflageflachen (20,21) der Elektroden (14,15) so ausgebildet sind, daß sich durch die Fugepartner (la, lb) Stromlinien (9) in ortlich begrenzter Ausbildung erstrecken, die den Erwarmungsbereich begrenzen, und eine Einrichtung zur Durchführung der Umformung in Form einer zweiten Station der ersten Station nachgeordnet ist Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die schräge Auflageflache (16) am Niederhalter (5) einen Winkel von 1° bis 10° aufweistDevice for carrying out the method according to claim 7, characterized in that an electrode (14) and an electrode (15) are provided in a first station for heating the joint partners (la, lb), the contact surfaces (20, 21) of the electrodes (14, 15) are designed such that streamlines (9), which limit the heating area, extend through the joint partners (la, lb) in a locally limited configuration, and a device for carrying out the forming in the form of a second station is arranged downstream of the first station is Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the inclined support surface (16) on the hold-down device (5) has an angle of 1 ° to 10 °
Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 1 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß umDevice according to one of claims 7 to 1 1, characterized in that um
Niederhalter (5) und Matrize (4) oder die Ringe aus Kontaktschuhen (10/1 1, 12/13) oder die Elektroden (14, 15) jeweils ein Kühlkörper (6,7) vorgesehen istHold-down device (5) and die (4) or the rings made of contact shoes (10/1 1, 12/13) or the electrodes (14, 15) each have a heat sink (6,7)
Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kühlkörper (6,7) mit Luftkuhlrippen (8) versehen sindDevice according to claim 12, characterized in that the cooling bodies (6, 7) are provided with air cooling fins (8)
Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die elektrische Widerstandserwarmung gepulst erfolgtDevice according to one of claims 7 to 13, characterized in that the electrical resistance heating takes place in a pulsed manner
Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Dauer der Erwarmung auf einige Millisekunden begrenzt ist Device according to one of claims 7 to 14, characterized in that the duration of the heating is limited to a few milliseconds
EP98964360A 1997-11-17 1998-11-17 Method and device for thermally supporting mechanical joints Expired - Lifetime EP1032480B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19750831 1997-11-17
DE19750831 1997-11-17
DE19852809 1998-11-17
PCT/DE1998/003393 WO1999025510A2 (en) 1997-11-17 1998-11-17 Method and device for thermally supporting mechanical joints
DE19852809A DE19852809A1 (en) 1997-11-17 1998-11-17 Thermally assisted mechanical joining method for metal sheets

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EP1032480A1 true EP1032480A1 (en) 2000-09-06
EP1032480B1 EP1032480B1 (en) 2002-10-02

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EP98964360A Expired - Lifetime EP1032480B1 (en) 1997-11-17 1998-11-17 Method and device for thermally supporting mechanical joints

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US (1) US6417490B1 (en)
EP (1) EP1032480B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2004516140A (en)
CN (1) CN1096319C (en)
AT (1) ATE225221T1 (en)
AU (1) AU1959499A (en)
CA (1) CA2310396A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2188037T3 (en)
PT (1) PT1032480E (en)
WO (1) WO1999025510A2 (en)

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AU1959499A (en) 1999-06-07
CN1096319C (en) 2002-12-18
CA2310396A1 (en) 1999-05-27
PT1032480E (en) 2003-02-28
ES2188037T3 (en) 2003-06-16
CN1281397A (en) 2001-01-24
EP1032480B1 (en) 2002-10-02
WO1999025510A3 (en) 1999-08-05
JP2004516140A (en) 2004-06-03
ATE225221T1 (en) 2002-10-15
US6417490B1 (en) 2002-07-09

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