DE3932294C1 - Rivet forming tool using double punch - heated by induction coil to form end of rivet shaft or flange into rivet head or band - Google Patents

Rivet forming tool using double punch - heated by induction coil to form end of rivet shaft or flange into rivet head or band

Info

Publication number
DE3932294C1
DE3932294C1 DE3932294A DE3932294A DE3932294C1 DE 3932294 C1 DE3932294 C1 DE 3932294C1 DE 3932294 A DE3932294 A DE 3932294A DE 3932294 A DE3932294 A DE 3932294A DE 3932294 C1 DE3932294 C1 DE 3932294C1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
rivet
striker
forming tool
induction coil
heated
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
DE3932294A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Bernhard 7262 Althengstett De Burlein
Lothar Dipl.-Ing. Eith (Fh), 7465 Geislingen, De
August 7080 Aalen De Kugler
Siegfried 7034 Gaertringen De Lang
Ulrich Dr.-Ing. 7016 Gerlingen De Pfau
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Daimler Benz AG
Original Assignee
Mercedes Benz AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mercedes Benz AG filed Critical Mercedes Benz AG
Priority to DE3932294A priority Critical patent/DE3932294C1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE3932294C1 publication Critical patent/DE3932294C1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J15/00—Riveting
    • B21J15/02—Riveting procedures
    • B21J15/04—Riveting hollow rivets mechanically
    • B21J15/046—Riveting hollow rivets mechanically by edge-curling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J15/00—Riveting
    • B21J15/02—Riveting procedures
    • B21J15/08—Riveting by applying heat, e.g. to the end parts of the rivets to enable heads to be formed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J15/00—Riveting
    • B21J15/10—Riveting machines
    • B21J15/36—Rivet sets, i.e. tools for forming heads; Mandrels for expanding parts of hollow rivets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/24—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools characterised by the means for heating the tool
    • B29C65/30—Electrical means
    • B29C65/32—Induction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/56—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits
    • B29C65/60—Riveting or staking
    • B29C65/601—Riveting or staking using extra riveting elements, i.e. the rivets being non-integral with the parts to be joined
    • B29C65/602—Riveting or staking using extra riveting elements, i.e. the rivets being non-integral with the parts to be joined using hollow rivets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/20—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/21—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being formed by a single dot or dash or by several dots or dashes, i.e. spot joining or spot welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/349—Cooling the welding zone on the welding spot
    • B29C66/3494—Cooling the welding zone on the welding spot while keeping the welding zone under pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/47—Joining single elements to sheets, plates or other substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/474—Joining single elements to sheets, plates or other substantially flat surfaces said single elements being substantially non-flat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81411—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat
    • B29C66/81421—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being convex or concave
    • B29C66/81423—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being convex or concave being concave
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81427—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single ridge, e.g. for making a weakening line; comprising a single tooth
    • B29C66/81429—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single ridge, e.g. for making a weakening line; comprising a single tooth comprising a single tooth
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81431—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single cavity, e.g. a groove
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/816—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the mounting of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8161—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the mounting of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps said pressing elements being supported or backed-up by springs or by resilient material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/818—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps
    • B29C66/8181—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects
    • B29C66/81811—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects of the welding jaws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/10—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications
    • H05B6/105—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications using a susceptor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/16—Cooling
    • B29C2035/1658—Cooling using gas
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/737—Articles provided with holes, e.g. grids, sieves

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Induction Heating (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The forming tool, cooperating with the end of a rivet shaft, allows the latter to be bent over through 180 deg. for providing a rolled lip securing the rivet. The rivet shaft is heated during the forming process via contact heating, using an inductive heating coil (4), coupled to a HF source (2) positioned adjacent the forming die (1). The latter is made of an inductively heated material. The forming die may incorporate a cooling circuit. Pref. the inductive heating coil is connected in parallel with a capacitor (15) to form a resonance circuit. USE - Rapid fixing of plastics material rivets.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Umformwerkzeug zum Umformen des Endes eines Nietschaftes oder eines Steges nach dem Ober­ begriff des Anspruchs 1, wie es in der Metallverarbeitung eingesetzt und hiermit als bekannt unterstellt wird.The invention relates to a forming tool for forming the End of a rivet shank or a bar towards the top Concept of claim 1 as it is in metal processing used and hereby assumed as known.

Das gattungsgemäß zugrunde gelegte Umformwerkzeug weist einen Döpper auf, der mittels einer Beheizung dauerbeheizt ist und über Kontakterwärmung den Nietschaft erhitzt. Dieser Döpper wird, nachdem er das Material des Niet­ schaftes erhitzt und den Nietkopf durch Niederdrücken ge­ formt hat, abgehoben. Anschließend wird ein gekühlter Stempel auf den Nietkopf aufgesetzt. Dieser Stempel kühlt den Nietkopf bis zur plastischen Erstarrung ab. Bedingt durch die Rückstellkräfte der vernieteten Materialien, beim Abheben des beheizten Döppers, sind derartige Niet­ verbindungen qualitativ schlecht, und zusätzlich ist der Energieverbrauch, da der Döpper dauerbeheizt ist, sehr hoch. Ferner benötigt die Vernietung viel Zeit, da das Abheben des Döppers und das Aufsetzen des Stempels abhän­ gige Bewegungen darstellen.The forming tool used as a basis has a striker which is continuously heated by means of heating and heats the rivet shaft through contact heating. This striker will, after having the material of the rivet shaft heated and the rivet head by pressing has shaped, lifted off. Then a chilled Stamp placed on the rivet head. This stamp cools the rivet head until it solidifies. Conditionally through the restoring forces of the riveted materials, when lifting the heated striker, are such rivets connections poor quality, and in addition the Energy consumption, since the die is permanently heated, very much high. Furthermore, the riveting takes a lot of time because that  Lift off the anvil and attach the stamp represent common movements.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Umformwerk­ zeug zu entwickeln, das qualitativ gute und schnell anzu­ bringende Vernietungen, insbesondere von Kunststoffnieten ermöglicht.The invention has for its object a forming plant to develop stuff that is good quality and quick to apply bringing riveting, especially of plastic rivets enables.

Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Anspruch 1 gelöst.The object is achieved with the characteristic Features of claim 1 solved.

Da die Beheizung des Döppers induktiv erfolgt, wird dieser sehr schnell warm. Ist der Umformvorgang abgeschlossen, wird die Induktions­ spule abgeschaltet, und die Kühlung des umgeformten Niet­ kopfes erfolgt, da nur sehr wenig Masse gekühlt werden muß, sehr schnell. Gleichzeitig haben die Rückstellkräfte der vernieteten Materialien keinen Einfluß, da der durch den Döpper aufgebrachte Druck bis zur Erstarrung des Nietkopfes nicht verringert wird.Since the striker is heated inductively, it gets warm very quickly. When the forming process is complete, the induction coil turned off, and cooling the formed rivet head because there is very little mass to be cooled must, very quickly. At the same time have the restoring forces the riveted materials have no influence because of the pressure applied to the die until it solidifies Rivet head is not reduced.

Vorteilhafterweise kann die körperliche Ausgestaltung eines erfindungsgemäßen Um­ formwerkzeuges den örtlichen Gegebenheiten am Werkstück freizügig ohne Beeinträchtigung der Wirkung angepaßt wer­ den; z. B. kann das Nietwerkzeug am Ende eines ausladenden Armes angebracht sein, was z. B. bei Ultraschall-Niet­ werkzeugen aus Resonanzgründen nicht möglich wäre.Advantageously, the physical configuration of an order according to the invention mold to the local conditions on the workpiece freely adapted without affecting the effect who the; e.g. B. can the riveting tool at the end of a protruding Poor be attached to what z. B. with ultrasonic rivet tools would not be possible due to resonance reasons.

Günstigerweise wird die Induktionsspule um den Döpper herum, und insbesondere am niet- bzw. stegseitigen Endbe­ reich angeordnet, da sich damit die später zu kühlende Masse auf die Bereiche beschränkt, an denen die Erhitzung notwendig ist.Conveniently, the induction coil around the striker around, and especially at the rivet or web end richly arranged, as this will cool down later  Mass limited to the areas where the heating necessary is.

Damit die Kühlung schnell und gleichförmig geschieht, ist es sinnvoll, innerhalb des Döppers ein Kühlmittel durch ein Kanalsystem zu leiten, das vorteilhafterweise oberflächennah geführt ist.So that the cooling happens quickly and uniformly it makes sense to pass a coolant through inside the striker Channel system, advantageously is guided near the surface.

Bei Kunststoffnieten, deren Grundstoff einen hohen di­ elektrischen Verlustfaktor aufweist, ist eine noch schnellere Erwärmung möglich, indem ein mit Hochfrequenz betriebener Kondensator, der parallel zur Spule, also zu einem Schwingkreis angeschlossen werden kann, um den her­ ausragenden Bereich des Nietschaftes angeordnet wird. Bei der Vernietung mittels Kunststoffnieten ist auch noch denkbar, daß nur der Nietschaft durch einen Kondensator kapazitiv erhitzt und auf die Beheizung des Döppers ver­ zichtet wird.In the case of plastic rivets, the base material of which has a high di has an electrical loss factor is still faster heating possible by using a high frequency operated capacitor that is parallel to the coil, so too a resonant circuit can be connected around the protruding area of the rivet shank is arranged. At riveting with plastic rivets is also conceivable that only the rivet shank by a capacitor heated capacitively and ver is canceled.

Die Erfindung bietet zusätzlich noch den Vorteil, daß sie ohne größeren Aufwand an bisherige Vernietungswerkzeuge adaptierbar ist.The invention also has the advantage that it without much effort on previous riveting tools is adaptable.

Ausführungsbeispiele sind in den Zeichnungen dargestellt und werden im folgenden erläutert. Dabei zeigtExemplary embodiments are shown in the drawings and are explained below. It shows

Fig. 1 einen Ausschnitt des Umformwerkzeuges mit in­ duktiver Heizung, Fig. 1 shows a detail of the forming tool with more productive in heating,

Fig. 2 den Kühlvorgang, Fig. 2 shows the cooling process,

Fig. 3 das Umformwerkzeug mit kombinierter induktiver-kapazitiver Heizung. Fig. 3 shows the forming tool with a combined inductive-capacitive heating.

In Fig. 1 ist ein Ausschnitt eines Umformwerkzeuges ab­ gebildet, das als Beheizung des Döppers 1 eine lndukti­ onsspule 4 aufweist. Die Induktionsspule 4 ist um den nietseitigen Endbereich des Döppers 1 angeordnet und wird von einem Hochfrequenzgenerator 2, der durch den Schalter 3 ab- bzw. zugeschaltet werden kann, versorgt. Dem Döpper 1 ist stirnseitig gegenüberliegend ein Gegenhalter 9 an­ geordnet. Zwischen dem Döpper 1 und dem Gegenhalter 9 ist ein Nietrohling 8 angeordnet, der durch die Bohrungen ei­ nes oberen Teiles 5 und eines unteren Teiles 6 eingesteckt ist und nach Beendigung des Nietvorganges diese Teile verbindet. An die Induktionsspule 4 wird eine Hochfre­ quenzspannung angelegt und der Döpper 1, der aus induktiv erhitzbarem Material wie bspw. Eisen oder Graphit gefer­ tigt ist, wird kontaktlos über induzierte Wirbelströme rasch erhitzt. Ist der Nietrohling 8 gleichfalls aus einem induktiv heizbaren Material gefertigt, wird sein Niet­ schaft 7, da die Induktionsspule 4 auch um seinen döpperseitigen Endbereich angeordnet ist, idealerweise gleichzeitig erhitzt, wodurch sich der döpperseitige End­ bereich des Nietschaftes 7 noch schneller erwärmt. Bei Kunststoffnieten erfolgt die Erhitzung hauptsächlich durch einen Wärmefluß (Kontakterwärmung) von dem Döpper 1 zum Nietschaft 7. Weist der Endbereich des Nietschaftes 7 eine genügende Verformbarkeit bzw. eine genügende Temperatur auf, werden der Döpper 1 und der Gegenhalter 9 mittels einer Preßvorrichtung (nicht eingezeichnet) relativ auf­ einander zubewegt. Dabei wird der Endbereich des Niet­ schaftes 7 in einen der Negativform der Stirnseite des Döppers 1 entsprechenden Nietkopfes 14 umgeformt. Ist der Nietkopf 14 vollständig umgeformt und der zwischen dem Döpper 1 und dem Gegenhalter 9 von der Preßvorrichtung erzeugte Druck genügend hoch, wird der Hochfrequenzgene­ rator 2 abgekoppelt, wodurch die induktive Heizung abge­ schaltet ist.In Fig. 1, a section of a forming tool is formed, which has an induction coil 4 as a heater for the striker 1 . The induction coil 4 is arranged around the rivet-side end region of the striker 1 and is supplied by a high-frequency generator 2 , which can be switched on or off by the switch 3 . The anvil 1 is arranged on the opposite side of a counterholder 9 . Between the die 1 and the counter-holder 9 , a rivet blank 8 is arranged, which is inserted through the bores of an upper part 5 and a lower part 6 and connects these parts after completion of the riveting process. A high frequency voltage is applied to the induction coil 4 and the striker 1 , which is made of inductively heatable material such as iron or graphite, is rapidly heated in a contactless manner via induced eddy currents. If the rivet blank 8 is also made of an inductively heatable material, its rivet shaft 7 is ideally heated at the same time, since the induction coil 4 is also arranged around its strut-side end region, as a result of which the striker-side end region of the rivet shaft 7 heats up even faster. In the case of plastic rivets, the heating takes place mainly through a flow of heat (contact heating) from the die 1 to the rivet shaft 7 . If the end region of the rivet shaft 7 has sufficient deformability or a sufficient temperature, the die 1 and the counter-holder 9 are relatively moved towards one another by means of a pressing device (not shown). The end region of the rivet shaft 7 is formed into a rivet head 14 corresponding to the negative shape of the end face of the striker 1 . If the rivet head 14 is completely formed and the pressure generated by the pressing device between the striker 1 and the counterholder 9 is sufficiently high, the high-frequency generator 2 is uncoupled, as a result of which the inductive heating is switched off.

Der nun folgende Abkühlungsprozeß ist in Fig. 2 schema­ tisch dargestellt. Der Kühlmittelfluß wird angestellt und das Kühlmittel fließt durch den Zufuhrkanal 10 des Döppers 1 (Zuflußrichtung "Pfeil" 13) und den Zuflußkanal des Ge­ genhalters 9 ( Zuflußrichtung "Pfeil" 13′) zu und durch die Abflußkanäle 10, 11′ des Döppers 1 und des Gegenhal­ ters 9 (Abflußrichtung "Pfeil" 12, 12′) wieder ab. Dabei wird zuerst der Döpper 1 und der Gegenhalter 9 und an­ schließend der Niet 16 und insbesondere dessen Nietkopf 14 gekühlt, wobei die Pressung der Teile 5, 6 erhalten bleibt. Sinnvollerweise sind die Kühlmittelkanäle im Döpper 1 und im Gegenhalter 9 oberflächennah angeordnet, da hierdurch eine schnelle Abkühlung des erhitzten Niet­ materials erreicht wird. Nachdem der Niet 16 erkaltet ist, wird der Kühlmittelfluß abgeschaltet und der Döpper 1 ab­ gehoben. Je nach prozeßtechnischen Anforderungen ist es günstig, die Bewegung des Döppers 1 mit der der Induktionsspule 4 zu synchronisieren. Diese kann dann während der Bewegung des Döppers 1 zum nächsten Nietroh­ ling den Döpper 1 heizen, was zu einer weiteren Senkung der Bearbeitungszeit führt.The following cooling process is shown schematically in Fig. 2. The coolant flow is turned on and the coolant flows through the supply channel 10 of the striker 1 (inflow direction "arrow" 13 ) and the inflow channel of Ge genhalters 9 (inflow direction "arrow" 13 ') to and through the drain channels 10 , 11 ' of the striker 1 and the Gegenhal age 9 (discharge direction "arrow" 12 , 12 ') again. First the striker 1 and the counter-holder 9 and then the rivet 16 and in particular its rivet head 14 are cooled, the pressing of the parts 5 , 6 being retained. The coolant channels in the die 1 and in the counter holder 9 are expediently arranged close to the surface, since this results in rapid cooling of the heated rivet material. After the rivet 16 has cooled, the coolant flow is switched off and the striker 1 is lifted off. Depending on the process requirements, it is advantageous to synchronize the movement of the striker 1 with that of the induction coil 4 . This can then during the movement of the striker 1 for the next Nietroh ling the beatpiece 1 heat, which leads to a further reduction of processing time.

Um den Heizvorgang bei mit Kunststoffnieten ausgeführten Vernietungen weiter zu verkürzen, wird um den döpperseitigen Endbereich des Nietschaftes 7, wie in Fig. 3 dargestellt, ein mit Hochfrequenz betriebener Kondensa­ tor 15 angeordnet. Der Nietschaft 7 wird, sofern der Kunststoff einen genügenden dielektrischen Verlustfaktor aufweist zusätzlich zur Kontakterwärmung noch kapazitiv beheizt. Da die maximale Energieaufnahme eines aus einer Spule und einem Kondensator gebildeten Schwingkreises bei Resonanzfrequenz erfolgt, ist es in Fällen, in denen der Schwingkreis entsprechend der benötigten magnetischen und elektrischen Feldgrößen abgestimmt werden kann sinnvoll, den Kondensator 15 und die Induktionsspule 4 des Umform­ werkzeuges parallel zu schalten. Im Resonanzbetrieb weisen sowohl das Feld der Induktionsspule 4 als auch das Feld des Kondensators 15 die größte Energiedichte auf, wodurch bei guter Ankopplung des Döppermaterials und des Kunst­ stoffes der größte Wirkungsgrad bei der Beheizung er­ reichbar ist. Die nach dem Beheizen folgenden weiteren Arbeitsabläufe (Umformung des Nietschaftes in den Niet­ kopf, Abkühlung) sind analog denen des ersten Ausfüh­ rungsbeispieles und werden daher nicht mehr beschrieben. In order to further shorten the heating process in the case of rivets carried out with plastic rivets, a capacitor 15 operated at high frequency is arranged around the striker-side end region of the rivet shaft 7 , as shown in FIG. 3. If the plastic has a sufficient dielectric loss factor, the rivet shank 7 is also capacitively heated in addition to the contact heating. Since the maximum energy consumption of a resonant circuit formed from a coil and a capacitor takes place at resonance frequency, it is useful in cases where the resonant circuit can be tuned according to the required magnetic and electrical field sizes, the capacitor 15 and the induction coil 4 of the forming tool in parallel switch. In resonant mode, both the field of the induction coil 4 and the field of the capacitor 15 have the greatest energy density, so that with good coupling of the striking material and the plastic, the greatest efficiency in heating is achievable. The subsequent further work processes after heating (forming the rivet shaft into the rivet head, cooling) are analogous to those of the first exemplary embodiment and are therefore no longer described.

Die Erfindung ist im Zusammenhang mit einer Nietverbindung beschrieben. Die funktionellen Zusammenhänge und die kon­ struktiven Ausführungen sind jedoch, zumindest für den Fachmann, leicht auf die Umformung von Stegen übertrag­ bar, weshalb hier nicht weiter darauf eingegangen wird.The invention is related to a riveted joint described. The functional relationships and the con structural designs are, at least for the Expert, easy to transfer to the formation of webs bar, which is why it will not be discussed further here.

Claims (7)

1. Umformwerkzeug zum Umformen des Endes eines Nietschaf­ tes oder eines Steges zu einem Nietkopf bzw. einem Bund, mit einem den Nietkopf bzw. den Bund formenden Döpper, der aufgrund einer Beheizung den Nietschaft bzw. den Steg zu­ mindest bereichsweise durch Kontakterwärmung erhitzt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Beheizung des Döppers (1) durch eine im Bereich des Döppers (1) angeordnete Induktionsspule (4) gebildet und der Döpper (1) aus induktiv beheizbarem Material ge­ fertigt ist und daß der Döpper (1) kühlbar ist.1. Forming tool for reshaping the end of a rivet shaft or a web to form a rivet head or a collar, with a striker which forms the rivet head or the collar and which heats the rivet shaft or the web at least in regions due to heating by contact heating, thereby characterized in that the heating of the striker ( 1 ) is formed by an induction coil ( 4 ) arranged in the region of the striker ( 1 ) and the striker ( 1 ) is made of inductively heatable material and that the striker ( 1 ) can be cooled. 2. Umformwerkzeug nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Induktionsspule (4) konzentrisch um den Döpper (1) angeordnet ist.2. Forming tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the induction coil ( 4 ) is arranged concentrically around the striker ( 1 ). 3. Umformwerkzeug nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Induktionsspule (4) am nietseitigen bzw. stegsei­ tigen Endbereich des Döppers (1) angeordnet ist.3. Forming tool according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the induction coil ( 4 ) on the rivet-side or stegsei term end region of the striker ( 1 ) is arranged. 4. Umformwerkzeug nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß im Innern des Döppers (1) ein ein Kühlmittel leitendes Kanalsystem angeordnet ist.4. Forming tool according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that a coolant-conducting channel system is arranged in the interior of the striker ( 1 ). 5. Umformwerkzeug nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Kanalsystem oberflächennah geführt ist.5. forming tool according to claim 4, characterized, that the sewer system is close to the surface. 6. Umformwerkzeug nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1-5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß im Bereich des Endes des Nietschaftes (7) ein Konden­ sator (15) angeordnet ist.6. Forming tool according to at least one of claims 1-5, characterized in that a condenser ( 15 ) is arranged in the region of the end of the rivet shaft ( 7 ). 7. Umformwerkzeug nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Kondensator (15) parallel zur Induktionsspule (4) geschaltet ist.7. Forming tool according to claim 6, characterized in that the capacitor ( 15 ) is connected in parallel to the induction coil ( 4 ).
DE3932294A 1989-09-28 1989-09-28 Rivet forming tool using double punch - heated by induction coil to form end of rivet shaft or flange into rivet head or band Expired - Fee Related DE3932294C1 (en)

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DE19718676A1 (en) * 1997-05-02 1998-11-05 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Procedure for joining two components by rivet
WO1999025510A2 (en) * 1997-11-17 1999-05-27 Technische Universität Dresden Method and device for thermally supporting mechanical joints
EP1013354A1 (en) * 1998-12-16 2000-06-28 Messer Cutting & Welding AG Method for joining by forming using resistence heating
DE19632238C2 (en) * 1996-08-09 2001-04-26 Alusuisse Bayrisches Druckgus Arrangement and method for deforming light metal rivets
EP1180405A2 (en) * 2000-08-04 2002-02-20 KIEFEL GmbH Method and apparatus for joining pieces by means of a plastically deformable joining element
EP1488913A2 (en) * 2003-06-12 2004-12-22 Munekata Co. Ltd. Welding of thermoplastic resin products.
EP1661689A3 (en) * 2004-11-25 2008-01-16 Maschinenfabrik Spaichingen GmbH Process and apparatus for joining parts by the use of at least one plasticizable joining element
CN100393447C (en) * 2006-07-20 2008-06-11 武汉理工大学 Electromagnetically heating airplane riveting device
DE102008011151A1 (en) * 2008-02-26 2009-08-27 Maschinenfabrik Spaichingen Gmbh Method and device for joining objects
US9005388B2 (en) 2008-08-19 2015-04-14 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Method for joining resin and metal
CN106270346A (en) * 2016-10-11 2017-01-04 湖南大学 A kind of truck frame magnetic field impulse riveting set
CN106391972A (en) * 2016-08-31 2017-02-15 镇江安华电气有限公司 Riveting technology applicable to track bracket
EP3287261A1 (en) * 2016-08-26 2018-02-28 Ford Global Technologies, LLC Improvements in or relating to heat stakes
WO2019057581A1 (en) * 2017-09-21 2019-03-28 Continental Automotive Gmbh Rivet connection and method for producing a rivet connection
EP3345748A4 (en) * 2015-08-31 2019-04-24 Seidensha Electronics Co., Ltd Heat caulking apparatus

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Cited By (27)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19632238C2 (en) * 1996-08-09 2001-04-26 Alusuisse Bayrisches Druckgus Arrangement and method for deforming light metal rivets
DE19718676A1 (en) * 1997-05-02 1998-11-05 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Procedure for joining two components by rivet
WO1999025510A2 (en) * 1997-11-17 1999-05-27 Technische Universität Dresden Method and device for thermally supporting mechanical joints
WO1999025510A3 (en) * 1997-11-17 1999-08-05 Univ Dresden Tech Method and device for thermally supporting mechanical joints
CN1096319C (en) * 1997-11-17 2002-12-18 德累斯顿工业技术大学 Method and device for thermally supporting mechanical joints
EP1013354A1 (en) * 1998-12-16 2000-06-28 Messer Cutting & Welding AG Method for joining by forming using resistence heating
DE19858060A1 (en) * 1998-12-16 2000-09-07 Messer Cutting & Welding Ag Method of joining by forming using resistance heating
DE19858060C2 (en) * 1998-12-16 2001-05-17 Messer Cutting & Welding Ag Method of joining by forming using resistance heating
EP1180405A2 (en) * 2000-08-04 2002-02-20 KIEFEL GmbH Method and apparatus for joining pieces by means of a plastically deformable joining element
EP1180405A3 (en) * 2000-08-04 2002-10-02 KIEFEL GmbH Method and apparatus for joining pieces by means of a plastically deformable joining element
EP1488913A2 (en) * 2003-06-12 2004-12-22 Munekata Co. Ltd. Welding of thermoplastic resin products.
EP1488913A3 (en) * 2003-06-12 2007-04-11 Munekata Co. Ltd. Welding of thermoplastic resin products.
EP1661689A3 (en) * 2004-11-25 2008-01-16 Maschinenfabrik Spaichingen GmbH Process and apparatus for joining parts by the use of at least one plasticizable joining element
US7465905B2 (en) 2004-11-25 2008-12-16 Maschinenfabrik Spaichingen Gmbh Method and device for connecting objects by means of at least one plasticisable connecting element
CN100393447C (en) * 2006-07-20 2008-06-11 武汉理工大学 Electromagnetically heating airplane riveting device
DE102008011151A1 (en) * 2008-02-26 2009-08-27 Maschinenfabrik Spaichingen Gmbh Method and device for joining objects
US20090211077A1 (en) * 2008-02-26 2009-08-27 Maschinenfabrik Spaichingen Gmbh Method and apparatus for the connection of objects
EP2334485B1 (en) * 2008-08-19 2019-01-16 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Method for joining resin and metal
US9005388B2 (en) 2008-08-19 2015-04-14 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Method for joining resin and metal
US9789672B2 (en) 2008-08-19 2017-10-17 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha System for joining resin and metal
EP3345748A4 (en) * 2015-08-31 2019-04-24 Seidensha Electronics Co., Ltd Heat caulking apparatus
EP3287261A1 (en) * 2016-08-26 2018-02-28 Ford Global Technologies, LLC Improvements in or relating to heat stakes
CN106391972A (en) * 2016-08-31 2017-02-15 镇江安华电气有限公司 Riveting technology applicable to track bracket
CN106270346B (en) * 2016-10-11 2018-10-19 湖南大学 A kind of truck frame magnetic field impulse riveting set
CN106270346A (en) * 2016-10-11 2017-01-04 湖南大学 A kind of truck frame magnetic field impulse riveting set
WO2019057581A1 (en) * 2017-09-21 2019-03-28 Continental Automotive Gmbh Rivet connection and method for producing a rivet connection
CN111108294A (en) * 2017-09-21 2020-05-05 大陆汽车有限责任公司 Rivet connection device and method for producing a rivet connection

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