EP1002583A2 - Material treating machine with stator adjustment - Google Patents

Material treating machine with stator adjustment Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1002583A2
EP1002583A2 EP99122480A EP99122480A EP1002583A2 EP 1002583 A2 EP1002583 A2 EP 1002583A2 EP 99122480 A EP99122480 A EP 99122480A EP 99122480 A EP99122480 A EP 99122480A EP 1002583 A2 EP1002583 A2 EP 1002583A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
stator
rotor
material processing
processing machine
machine according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP99122480A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1002583B1 (en
EP1002583A3 (en
Inventor
Hans-Ingo Pallmann
Arno Schäfer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
STEINMETZ INNOVATION GmbH
Original Assignee
H I Pallmann & Co GmbH
H-I Pallmann & Co GmbH
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Publication of EP1002583A2 publication Critical patent/EP1002583A2/en
Publication of EP1002583A3 publication Critical patent/EP1002583A3/en
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Publication of EP1002583B1 publication Critical patent/EP1002583B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C7/00—Crushing or disintegrating by disc mills
    • B02C7/11—Details
    • B02C7/14—Adjusting, applying pressure to, or controlling distance between, discs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C7/00—Crushing or disintegrating by disc mills
    • B02C7/02—Crushing or disintegrating by disc mills with coaxial discs
    • B02C7/06—Crushing or disintegrating by disc mills with coaxial discs with horizontal axis

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a material processing machine according to the preamble of the independent claim.
  • Another known arrangement is a shredder formed, in which the stator on a multi-point bearing is held.
  • the pretense of all Fasteners one after the other allowed the Align the stator parallel to the rotor so that one over the To obtain a grinding path with a uniform gap distance. On the other hand the gap distance can be adjusted.
  • stator during gap adjustment does not remain parallel to the rotor, but against it is tilted because the attachment points only one after the other can be adjusted. This is especially the case with minor ones Gap distances problematic, because here a slight one Tilting can lead to the opposite Touch the grinding elements of the stator and rotor.
  • the aim of the present invention is to create something new for to provide the commercial application.
  • the arrangement is advantageously in the door on the machine housing integrated.
  • the door attached to the machine housing by means of swivel joints.
  • the entire arrangement is pivoted away from the rotor and when the door is closed, the stator is in immediate Arranged close to and aligned with the rotor. It is easily possible with conventional door hinges, a stator aligned once parallel to the rotor together with its holder always reproducible in the same Swivel position back.
  • the stator is preferred to achieve parallel alignment carried on an adjustable multi-point attachment, with which he is in the generally parallel alignment Tilt can be adjusted.
  • a multi-point attachment can manufacturing tolerances of rotor disc, Stator and / or grinding elements, rotor axis misalignments etc. can be compensated without problems.
  • the multi-point attachment is preferably designed at least as a three-point fastening, the stator being attached by means of tension and / or compression screws and with which at least two are separated from each other Attachment points a tilt is possible.
  • the multi-point attachment can in particular the stator wear indirectly, namely that the multi-point attachment a bearing, which with the stator together in the alignment generally parallel to the rotor is adjusted.
  • the multi-point attachment is preferred on the outside of one machine door pivotable in front of the rotor.
  • a preferred fastening is formed with a thread, in which the one with a suitable external thread Stator can be rotated back and forth.
  • the stator is moved towards or away from the rotor.
  • the general alignment of the stator to the rotor remains received because even if the stator and rotor are not complete aligned coaxially, the stator will tilt nevertheless safely avoided, since only the point of closest approach rotate on the grinding track by rotating the stator becomes.
  • the rotation of the stator is typically 15 to 30 ° may be possible, and the gap distance between Vary 0.2 and 4 mm.
  • An adjusting means is preferably provided, which on the one hand attacks on the attachment and on the other hand on the stator. Between the points of attack formed as supports or abutments an actuator is provided, which the abutment and support moved towards or away from each other, and so the Gap distance between stator and rotor changed.
  • the actuator can be formed by a fine-thread spindle be whose thread is generally perpendicular to the thread of the Bearing stands, with abutments and supports for the fine-thread spindle on bracket and storage are arranged so that the rotation of the spindle reciprocates the stator causes.
  • stator is radially outside of it Grinding path is held. In general, it is advantageous to Keep stator radially spaced from its axis because so the strong forces on the stator are best absorbed can.
  • 1 comprises a comminution machine, generally designated 1 1 as a material processor Machine with a housing 2, a rotor 3 and an opposite one Stator 4.
  • the rotor 3 is as by means of an electric motor (not shown) driven rotor disc formed on her radially outer circumference grinding track elements 3a carries out highly wear-resistant material and made for easier Exchange attached to the rotor disk by means of bolts 5a are.
  • the axis 6 In the middle of the rotor disk 3, this is on an axis 6 attached by means of a bolt 5b.
  • the axis 6 passes through the housing 2 and is rotatable in a low-friction bearing 7 stored.
  • the low-friction bearing 7 is for a fixed axial positioning of the rotor disk 3 is formed.
  • a stator disk 4 is located opposite the rotor disk 3 provided, which also has grinding track elements on its outer circumference 4a carries, which are fastened with bolts 5c, as well further wear elements 9, the radially inside of the grinding track elements 4a lie.
  • a Through hole 10 is provided, which for a sufficient Grist flow is dimensioned, which is via a filling path 11 is passed through the hole 10.
  • the grinding track elements 4a of the stator and the grinding track elements 5a of the rotor are opposite and on top of each other facing closely adjacent with a gap distance at the youngest point between 0.2 and 4 mm.
  • the stator disc 4 is preferably on it as shown bead-shaped circumference 4b provided with an external thread 4c, which revolves around the circumference.
  • the external thread 4c of the stator disk 4 meshes with a suitable one Internal thread 22 of a holder 23, which the stator surrounds in a ring.
  • the annular holder 23 is adjustable on the pivotable 2 hinged door frames held on the machine housing. For adjustment serve the pressure and / or tension screws 24a, 24b, which together with the third screw 24c equidistant are distributed over the scope.
  • the third screw of the arrangement 24c is like the other two pressure and / or tension screws trained, but only has a holding function.
  • the threaded spindle 26 is at its end with a Ball provided in a corresponding hole 25a of the bearing 25 is arranged. On their opposite At the end, the spindle 26 has a handwheel 29.
  • the screws 24a and 24b are adjusted until a uniform over the entire circumference of the stator disc Gap distance to rotor 3 results. So that the stator is parallel aligned with the rotor. Then the threaded spindle 26 turned until a desired gap distance between Rotor disc 3 and stator disc 4 has set. Possibly now the threaded spindle with a lock nut countered and thus fixed the gap distance. Then it will be the inlet funnel 11 is pushed into the central opening and the machine is ready for use.
  • a change in the regrind is desired in the company because, for example, a finer size reduction is desired, can loosen the lock nut provided on the threaded spindle and the gap is adjusted while the machine is running become.
  • the typical design of the thread 22 and the Fine-thread spindle 26 allows adjustment of the gap for example 0.2 to 4 mm.
  • the threaded spindle can if necessary also provided with a scale or a vernier to show the gap distance.
  • the gap distance can be set by pressing of a single control element carried out without problems and is so especially from unskilled workers feasible.
  • the gap distance is not simply a single one Times to a fixed setpoint, rather, regulations can also be provided according to the invention with which the setting in operation automatically is changed.
  • the gap distance can be optically or otherwise sampled, the temperature or fineness of the emerging regrind or certain properties such as moisture content, hardness, etc. of the supplied material be determined and in control and / or control loop an adjustment of the gap distance can be made.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Motors, Generators (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)

Abstract

The grinding machine has a rotor (3) and a stator (4) that can be generally aligned parallel to the rotor and mounted at a radial distance from its axis. The stator can be moved back and forth on a bearing (7) whilst generally maintaining its alignment wrt. the rotor. The stator and its attachment are commonly linked to at least one pivot joint on the housing.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Materialbearbeitungsmaschine nach dem Oberbegriff des unabhängigen Anspruchs.The present invention relates to a material processing machine according to the preamble of the independent claim.

Materialbearbeitungsmaschinen an sich sind bekannt. Eine Form der Materialbearbeitung ist die Zerkleinerung. Bei einer Vielzahl von Zerkleinerungsmaschinen wird hierbei das Mahlgut in dem Spalt zwischen einer sich drehenden Rotorscheibe und dem gegenüber liegenden ruhenden Stator zermahlen. Der Bereich, in welchem sich Rotor und Stator besonders nahekommen und in welchem daher auch ein Großteil der Zerkleinerung stattfindet, wird als Mahlbahn bezeichnet. Hier tritt im Betrieb ein beachtlicher Verschleiß auf, obwohl längs der Mahlbahn typischerweise austauschbare Elemente aus hoch verschleißfestem Material vorgesehen sind. Dieser Verschleiß verändert die Eigenschaften des zermahlenen Gutes und ist daher unerwünscht. Um einen gleichmäßig großen Spaltabstand zwischen Rotor und Stator zu erhalten, müssen die Mahlelemente daher mehr oder minder regelmäßig ausgetauscht werden; nach dem Austausch ist es erwünscht, Rotor und Stator zueinander so auszurichten, daß sie parallel sind und einen genau vorgegebenen Spaltabstand besitzen. Auch zwischen den Mahlelementwechseln kann eine Spaltverstellung gewünscht sein; etwa bei der Herstellung von Endprodukten wechselnder Feinheit, Anpassung auf unterschiedliche zu zermahlende Ausgangsprodukte usw.Material processing machines are known per se. A form the material processing is the shredding. At a A large number of shredding machines become the regrind in the gap between a rotating rotor disc and grind the opposite stationary stator. The area, in which the rotor and stator come particularly close and in which therefore a large part of the shredding takes place is called the grinding track. Here occurs in operation considerable wear, although along the grinding path typically interchangeable elements made of highly wear-resistant Material are provided. This wear changes the properties of the ground commodity and is therefore undesirable. By an evenly large gap distance To get between the rotor and stator, the grinding elements therefore be replaced more or less regularly; after the exchange it is desirable to have the rotor and stator together to be aligned so that they are parallel and exactly have the specified gap distance. Also between changing the grinding elements a gap adjustment may be desired; approximately in the production of end products of varying fineness, Adaptation to different raw materials to be ground etc.

Die Spalteinstellung erfolgt bislang einerseits, indem die Rotorscheibe axial auf den Stator zu oder von diesem weg bewegt wurde. Dazu war die Rotorachse verschieblich und drehbar gelagert. Da der Rotor mit zugehörigem Antrieb schwer ist, bedarf eine solche Lösung eines hohen Aufwandes.So far, the column setting has been done on the one hand by the The rotor disk moves axially towards or away from the stator has been. For this purpose, the rotor axis was movable and rotatable stored. Since the rotor with the associated drive is heavy, Such a solution requires a lot of effort.

Eine weitere bekannte Anordnung wird durch eine Zerkleinerungsmaschine gebildet, bei welcher der Stator an einer Mehrpunktlagerung gehalten ist. Dabei sind drei oder mehr, insbesondere gleichmäßig über den Statorumfang verteilte Befestigungspunkte vorgesehen, an welchen der Stator mittels Druckund Zugschrauben kippbar befestigt ist. Die Verstellung aller Befestigungselemente nacheinander erlaubt einerseits, den Stator zum Rotor parallel auszurichten, um so einen über die Mahlbahn gleichmäßigen Spaltabstand zu erhalten. Andererseits kann der Spaltabstand verstellt werden.Another known arrangement is a shredder formed, in which the stator on a multi-point bearing is held. There are three or more, in particular Fastening points evenly distributed over the stator circumference provided on which the stator by means of pressure and Tension screws are tiltably attached. The pretense of all Fasteners one after the other allowed the Align the stator parallel to the rotor so that one over the To obtain a grinding path with a uniform gap distance. On the other hand the gap distance can be adjusted.

Nachteilig ist jedoch, daß der Stator bei der Spaltnachstellung nicht parallel zum Rotor bleibt, sondern gegen diesen verkippt wird, weil die Befestigungspunkte nur nacheinander verstellt werden können. Dies ist insbesondere bei geringen Spaltabständen problematisch, weil hier schon eine leichte Verkippung dazu führen kann, daß sich auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite die Mahlelemente von Stator und Rotor berühren. The disadvantage, however, is that the stator during gap adjustment does not remain parallel to the rotor, but against it is tilted because the attachment points only one after the other can be adjusted. This is especially the case with minor ones Gap distances problematic, because here a slight one Tilting can lead to the opposite Touch the grinding elements of the stator and rotor.

Bei einer laufenden Zerkleinerungsmaschine kann dies die sofortige Zerstörung von Maschinenteilen zur Folge haben, so daß eine Justierung nur bei stillstehender Maschine vorgenommen werden kann. Außerdem ist die Einstellung vergleichsweise aufwendig, weil auch zur einfachen Nachstellung des Spaltabstandes stets alle Befestigungsschrauben an der Mehrpunktlagerung verstellt werden müssen.If the shredding machine is running, this can be the immediate one Destruction of machine parts result, that an adjustment is only made when the machine is at a standstill can be. The setting is also comparative expensive because it also allows easy adjustment of the gap distance always all fastening screws on the multi-point bearing have to be adjusted.

Auch bei anderen Materialbe- bzw. -verarbeitungsmaschinen ergeben sich entsprechende Probleme einer Spalteinstellung zwischen einem Rotor und einem Stator. Ein Beispiel hierfür sind Scheibenagglomeratoren.Also result in other material processing or processing machines corresponding problems of a column setting between a rotor and a stator. An example of this are Disc agglomerators.

Das Ziel der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht darin, Neues für die gewerbliche Anwendung bereitzustellen.The aim of the present invention is to create something new for to provide the commercial application.

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird unabhängig beansprucht; bevorzugte Ausführungsformen sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.The solution to this problem is claimed independently; preferred Embodiments are specified in the subclaims.

Eine Lösungsmöglichkeit gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht somit darin, eine Maschine mit einem Rotor, einem Stator und einer Befestigung vorzusehen, an welcher der Stator zum Rotor allgemein parallel ausrichtbar und radial beabstandet seiner Achse befestigt ist, wobei der Stator unter zumindest allgemeiner Erhaltung seiner Ausrichtung auf den Rotor zu und/oder davon weg bewegt werden kann. Mit anderen Worten ist es erfindungsgemäß möglich, den einmal korrekt zum Rotor ausgerichteten Stator einfach auf den Rotor zu und /oder von diesem weg zu bewegen. Hierzu ist eine Befestigung vorgesehen, in welcher der Stator gleiten kann. One possible solution according to the present invention thus in it a machine with a rotor, a stator and to provide a mounting on which the stator generally parallel to the rotor and radially spaced its axis is fixed, the stator under at least general maintenance of its alignment with the rotor can be moved to and / or away from it. In other words it is possible according to the invention, that once correctly to the rotor aligned stator simply towards the rotor and / or from to move this away. A fastening is provided for this, in which the stator can slide.

Die Anordnung wird vorteilhafterweise in die Tür am Maschinengehäuse integriert. In einem solchen Fall wird die Tür mittels Schwenkgelenken am Maschinengehäuse befestigt. Bei Öffnung der Tür wird die gesamte Anordnung vom Rotor weg geschwenkt und bei Schließen der Tür wird der Stator in unmittelbarer Nähe zum Rotor angeordnet und zu diesem ausgerichtet. Es ist mit üblichen Türscharnieren ohne weiteres möglich, einen einmal parallel zum Rotor ausgerichteten Stator mitsamt seiner Halterung immer wieder reproduzierbar in dieselbe Stellung zurück zu schwenken.The arrangement is advantageously in the door on the machine housing integrated. In such a case, the door attached to the machine housing by means of swivel joints. At When the door is opened, the entire arrangement is pivoted away from the rotor and when the door is closed, the stator is in immediate Arranged close to and aligned with the rotor. It is easily possible with conventional door hinges, a stator aligned once parallel to the rotor together with its holder always reproducible in the same Swivel position back.

Der Stator wird zur Erzielung der parallelen Ausrichtung bevorzugt an einer justierbaren Mehrpunktbefestigung getragen, mit welcher er in die allgemein parallele Ausrichtung unter Verkippung justiert werden kann. Mit einer derartigen Mehrpunktbefestigung können Fertigungstoleranzen von Rotorscheibe, Stator und/oder Mahlelementen, Rotorachsenfehlstellungen usw. problemfrei kompensiert werden. Die Mehrpunktbefestigung ist bevorzugt zumindest als Dreipunktbefestigung ausgebildet, wobei der Stator mittels Zug- und/oder Druckschrauben angebracht ist, und womit an wenigstens zwei voneinander entfernten Befestigungspunkten eine Verkippung möglich ist. Obwohl eine solche Befestigung zur Einjustierung des Stators in eine allgemein parallele Ausrichtung zum Rotor vollkommen ausreichend ist, können über den Stator auch mehr als drei Befestigungspunkte verteilt werden, um so bei gleicher Auslegung der einzelnen Befestigungspunkte insgesamt höhere Kräfte aufnehmen zu können. Die Mehrpunktbefestigung kann den Stator insbesondere indirekt tragen, nämlich dadurch, daß die Mehrpunktbefestigung eine Lagerung trägt, welche mit dem Stator gemeinsam in die zum Rotor allgemein parallele Ausrichtung hineinjustiert wird. The stator is preferred to achieve parallel alignment carried on an adjustable multi-point attachment, with which he is in the generally parallel alignment Tilt can be adjusted. With such a multi-point attachment can manufacturing tolerances of rotor disc, Stator and / or grinding elements, rotor axis misalignments etc. can be compensated without problems. The multi-point attachment is preferably designed at least as a three-point fastening, the stator being attached by means of tension and / or compression screws and with which at least two are separated from each other Attachment points a tilt is possible. Even though such a fastening for adjusting the stator in a generally parallel alignment to the rotor is completely sufficient , more than three attachment points can be attached to the stator be distributed, so with the same interpretation of the individual attachment points absorb higher forces overall to be able to. The multi-point attachment can in particular the stator wear indirectly, namely that the multi-point attachment a bearing, which with the stator together in the alignment generally parallel to the rotor is adjusted.

Die Mehrpunktbefestigung wird bevorzugt am Außenbereich einer vor den Rotor schwenkbaren Maschinentür vorgesehen.The multi-point attachment is preferred on the outside of one machine door pivotable in front of the rotor.

Eine bevorzugte Befestigung wird mit einem Gewindegang gebildet, in welchem der mit einem passenden Außengewinde versehene Stator hin- und hergedreht werden kann. Bei dieser Drehung wird der Stator auf den Rotor zu oder von diesem weg bewegt. Dabei bleibt die allgemeine Ausrichtung des Stators zum Rotor erhalten, denn selbst wenn Stator und Rotor nicht vollständig koaxial miteinander fluchten, wird eine Kippung des Stators dennoch sicher vermieden, da lediglich der Punkt nächster Annäherung auf der Mahlbahn durch die Drehung des Stators umlaufen wird. Die Drehung des Stators wird typisch um 15 bis 30° möglich sein, und dabei wird der Spaltabstand zwischen 0,2 und 4 mm variieren.A preferred fastening is formed with a thread, in which the one with a suitable external thread Stator can be rotated back and forth. At this turn the stator is moved towards or away from the rotor. The general alignment of the stator to the rotor remains received because even if the stator and rotor are not complete aligned coaxially, the stator will tilt nevertheless safely avoided, since only the point of closest approach rotate on the grinding track by rotating the stator becomes. The rotation of the stator is typically 15 to 30 ° may be possible, and the gap distance between Vary 0.2 and 4 mm.

Bevorzugt ist ein Stellmittel vorgesehen, welches einerseits an der Befestigung und andererseits am Stator angreift. Zwischen den als Auf- bzw. Widerlager gebildeten Angriffspunkten ist ein Stellglied vorgesehen, welches die Wider- und Auflager aufeinander zu- oder voneinander wegbewegt, und so den Spaltabstand zwischen Stator und Rotor verändert.An adjusting means is preferably provided, which on the one hand attacks on the attachment and on the other hand on the stator. Between the points of attack formed as supports or abutments an actuator is provided, which the abutment and support moved towards or away from each other, and so the Gap distance between stator and rotor changed.

Bevorzugt wird ein Regelkreis gebildet, um den Spaltabstand durch Nachstellung des Stellgliedes und somit des Stators automatisch zu verändern. Als mit einem oder mehreren Sensoren zu erfassenden Regelgrößen können der Spaltabstand selbst, die Temperatur des austretenden Mahlgutes, dessen Feinheit, eine Eigenschaft des in die Maschine gespeisten Mahlgutes oder ein Maschinenparameter wie die Leistungsaufnahme erfaßt werden. Auch bei anderen als Zerkleinerungsmaschinen beziehungsweise Mühlen können Parameter des bearbeiteten Materials erfaßt werden; so ist bei Scheibenagglomeratoren die Temperaturüberwachung besonders sinnvoll.A control loop is preferably formed around the gap distance by adjusting the actuator and thus the stator automatically to change. As with one or more sensors Controlled variables to be recorded can be the gap distance itself, the temperature of the emerging regrind, its fineness, a property of the regrind fed into the machine or a machine parameter such as power consumption become. Even with other than shredding machines respectively Mills can parameters of the processed material be recorded; this is the temperature monitoring for disc agglomerators particularly useful.

Das Stellglied kann durch eine Feingewindespindel gebildet sein, deren Gewindegang allgemein senkrecht zum Gewinde der Lagerung steht, wobei Wider- und Auflager für die Feingewindespindel auf Halterung und Lagerung so angeordnet sind, daß die Drehung der Spindel eine Hin- und Herbewegung des Stators bewirkt.The actuator can be formed by a fine-thread spindle be whose thread is generally perpendicular to the thread of the Bearing stands, with abutments and supports for the fine-thread spindle on bracket and storage are arranged so that the rotation of the spindle reciprocates the stator causes.

Wenn die Mahlbahn auf der Rotorscheibe radial außen liegt, wird es bevorzugt, wenn der Stator radial außerhalb seiner Mahlbahn gehalten wird. Allgemein ist es vorteilhaft, den Stator radial beabstandet zu seiner Achse zu halten, weil so die starken Kräfte auf den Stator am besten aufgenommen werden können.If the grinding track on the rotor disc is radially outside, it is preferred if the stator is radially outside of it Grinding path is held. In general, it is advantageous to Keep stator radially spaced from its axis because so the strong forces on the stator are best absorbed can.

Bei einer derartigen Ausbildung ist es auch bevorzugt, wenn radial in der Mahlbahn eine zentrale Öffnung vorgesehen ist, durch welche Mahlgut eingeführt werden kann.With such a design, it is also preferred if a central opening is provided radially in the grinding path, through which regrind can be introduced.

Die vorliegende Erfindung wird im folgenden nur beispielsweise nur anhand der Zeichnung beschrieben. In dieser zeigt:

Fig.1
eine Schnittansicht durch eine Zerkleinerungsmaschine der vorliegenden Erfindung;
Fig. 2
eine Frontansicht der Zerkleinerungsmaschine von Fig. 1.
The present invention is described below only by way of example only with reference to the drawing. In this shows:
Fig. 1
a sectional view through a comminution machine of the present invention;
Fig. 2
a front view of the shredding machine of Fig. 1st

Nach Fig. 1 umfaßt eine allgemein mit 1 bezeichnete Zerkleinerungsmaschine 1 als eine materialbe- bzw. -verarbeitende Maschine mit einem Gehäuse 2 einen Rotor 3 und einen gegenüberliegenden Stator 4.1 comprises a comminution machine, generally designated 1 1 as a material processor Machine with a housing 2, a rotor 3 and an opposite one Stator 4.

Der Rotor 3 ist als mittels eines Elektromotors (nicht gezeigt) angetriebene Rotorscheibe ausgebildet, welche an ihrem radial äußeren Umfang Mahlbahnelemente 3a trägt, die aus hochverschleißfestem Material gebildet und zum leichteren Austausch mittels Bolzen 5a an der Rotorscheibe befestigt sind.The rotor 3 is as by means of an electric motor (not shown) driven rotor disc formed on her radially outer circumference grinding track elements 3a carries out highly wear-resistant material and made for easier Exchange attached to the rotor disk by means of bolts 5a are.

In der Mitte der Rotorscheibe 3 ist diese an einer Achse 6 mittels eines Bolzen 5b befestigt. Die Achse 6 tritt durch das Gehäuse 2 und ist in einem reibungsarmen Lager 7 drehbar gelagert. Das reibungsarme Lager 7 ist dabei für eine feste axiale Positionierung der Rotorscheibe 3 ausgebildet.In the middle of the rotor disk 3, this is on an axis 6 attached by means of a bolt 5b. The axis 6 passes through the housing 2 and is rotatable in a low-friction bearing 7 stored. The low-friction bearing 7 is for a fixed axial positioning of the rotor disk 3 is formed.

Auf der Mahlbahnseite der Rotorscheibe 3 können neben den Mahlbahnelementen 3a noch weitere Verschleißschutzanordnungen 8a, 8b vorgesehen sein, mit welchen zu zerkleinerndes Material von der achsnahen Mitte 6 der Rotorscheibe 3 in Richtung auf die Mahlbahnelemente 3a gelenkt werden kann, ohne daß Verschleißschäden an der Rotorscheibe 3a zu befürchten sind.On the grinding track side of the rotor disk 3, in addition to the Grinding track elements 3a still further wear protection arrangements 8a, 8b can be provided with which material to be shredded from the center axis 6 of the rotor disk 3 in the direction can be directed to the grinding track elements 3a without Wear damage to the rotor disk 3a is to be feared.

Gegenüberliegend der Rotorscheibe 3 ist eine Statorscheibe 4 vorgesehen, welche an ihrem äußeren Umfang ebenfalls Mahlbahnelemente 4a trägt, die mit Bolzen 5c befestigt sind, sowie weitere Verschleißelemente 9, die radial innen der Mahlbahnelemente 4a liegen. Im Zentrum der Statorscheibe 4 ist ein Durchgangsloch 10 vorgesehen, welches für einen ausreichenden Mahlgutstrom dimensioniert ist, der über eine Einfüllbahn 11 durch das Loch 10 geleitet wird. A stator disk 4 is located opposite the rotor disk 3 provided, which also has grinding track elements on its outer circumference 4a carries, which are fastened with bolts 5c, as well further wear elements 9, the radially inside of the grinding track elements 4a lie. In the center of the stator disk 4 is a Through hole 10 is provided, which for a sufficient Grist flow is dimensioned, which is via a filling path 11 is passed through the hole 10.

Die Mahlbahnelemente 4a des Stators und die Mahlbahnelemente 5a des Rotors sind einander gegenüberliegend und aufeinander zugewandt dicht benachbart mit einem Spaltabstand an der jüngsten Stelle zwischen 0,2 und 4 mm angeordnet. Dies wird erfindungsgemäß durch folgende bauliche Ausgestaltung der Zerkleinerungsmaschine erreicht:The grinding track elements 4a of the stator and the grinding track elements 5a of the rotor are opposite and on top of each other facing closely adjacent with a gap distance at the youngest point between 0.2 and 4 mm. this will According to the invention by the following structural design of the Shredder reached:

Die Statorscheibe 4 ist an ihrem wie gezeigt vorzugsweise wulstförmigem Umfang 4b mit einem Außengewinde 4c versehen, welches um den Umfang umläuft.The stator disc 4 is preferably on it as shown bead-shaped circumference 4b provided with an external thread 4c, which revolves around the circumference.

Das Außengewinde 4c der Statorscheibe 4 kämmt mit einem passenden Innengewinde 22 einer Halterung 23 , welche die Statorscheibe ringförmig umgibt.The external thread 4c of the stator disk 4 meshes with a suitable one Internal thread 22 of a holder 23, which the stator surrounds in a ring.

Die ringförmige Halterung 23 ist justierbar an dem schwenkbar am Maschinengehäuse 2 angelenkten Türrahmen gehalten. Zur Justierung dienen die Druck- und/oder Zugschrauben 24a, 24b, welche gemeinsam mit der dritten Schraube 24c äquidistant über den Umfang verteilt sind. Die dritte Schraube der Anordnung 24c ist wie die beiden anderen Druck- und/oder Zugschrauben ausgebildet, hat jedoch ausschließlich Haltefunktion.The annular holder 23 is adjustable on the pivotable 2 hinged door frames held on the machine housing. For adjustment serve the pressure and / or tension screws 24a, 24b, which together with the third screw 24c equidistant are distributed over the scope. The third screw of the arrangement 24c is like the other two pressure and / or tension screws trained, but only has a holding function.

Nach Fig. 2 ist auf der Außenseite der Statorscheibe ein Auflager 25 vorgesehen für eine Gewindespindel 26, die durch ein mit Gewindeloch versehenes Widerlager 27 gedreht ist. Das auf der Statorscheibe vorgesehene Lager für das Gewindespindelende ist so ausgebildet, daß das Lager relativ zur Spindel geschwenkt werden kann, ohne daß die Spindel anschlägt, und so, daß die Spindel sowohl Druck- als auch Zugkräfte ausüben kann. Hierzu ist die Gewindespindel 26 an ihrem Ende mit einer Kugel versehen, welche in einer entsprechenden Bohrung 25a des Lagers 25 angeordnet ist. An ihrem gegenüberliegenden Ende weist die Spindel 26 ein Handrad 29 auf.2 is a support on the outside of the stator 25 provided for a threaded spindle 26 through a abutment 27 provided with a threaded hole is rotated. That on the stator washer provided for the threaded spindle end is designed so that the bearing is pivoted relative to the spindle can be without the spindle striking, and so, that the spindle exert both compressive and tensile forces can. For this purpose, the threaded spindle 26 is at its end with a Ball provided in a corresponding hole 25a of the bearing 25 is arranged. On their opposite At the end, the spindle 26 has a handwheel 29.

Die Zerkleinerungsmaschine der vorliegenden Erfindung wird wie folgt justiert und betrieben:The crushing machine of the present invention will adjusted and operated as follows:

Zunächst wird bei geöffneter Maschinentüre die Statorscheibe 4 in das Gewinde 22 der Halterung gedreht. Dann wird die Türe vor den Rotor geschwenkt, also in ihre geschlossene Position bewegt und verriegelt. Zu diesem Zweck können Schrauben 30 durch entsprechende Bohrungen in der Tür die gegenüberliegende Gewindelöcher 31 am Maschinengehäuse geschraubt werden.First the stator disk is opened with the machine door open 4 rotated into the thread 22 of the holder. Then the door pivoted in front of the rotor, i.e. into its closed position moved and locked. For this purpose, screws 30 through corresponding holes in the door the opposite Threaded holes 31 are screwed onto the machine housing.

Danach werden die Schrauben 24a und 24b justiert, bis sich über den ganzen Umfang der Statorscheibe ein gleichmäßiger Spaltabstand zum Rotor 3 ergibt. Damit ist der Stator parallel zum Rotor ausgerichtet. Danach wird die Gewindespindel 26 so lange gedreht, bis sich ein gewünschter Spaltabstand zwischen Rotorscheibe 3 und Statorscheibe 4 eingestellt hat. Gegebenenfalls wird nun die Gewindespindel mit einer Kontermutter gekontert und somit der Spaltabstand fixiert. Dann wird der Einlauftrichter 11 in die zentrale Öffnung geschoben und die Maschine ist betriebsbereit.Thereafter, the screws 24a and 24b are adjusted until a uniform over the entire circumference of the stator disc Gap distance to rotor 3 results. So that the stator is parallel aligned with the rotor. Then the threaded spindle 26 turned until a desired gap distance between Rotor disc 3 and stator disc 4 has set. Possibly now the threaded spindle with a lock nut countered and thus fixed the gap distance. Then it will be the inlet funnel 11 is pushed into the central opening and the machine is ready for use.

Wenn im Betrieb eine Veränderung des Mahlgutes gewünscht wird, etwa weil eine feinere Zerkleinerung gewünscht wird, kann die an der Gewindespindel vorgesehene Kontermutter gelöst werden und der Spalt bei laufender Maschine verstellt werden. Die typische Auslegung des Gewindeganges 22 sowie der Feingewindespindel 26 erlaubt dabei eine Justierung des Spaltes von beispielsweise 0,2 bis 4 mm. Die Gewindespindel kann gegebenenfalls auch mit einer Skala oder einem Nonius versehen werden, um den Spaltabstand anzuzeigen. If a change in the regrind is desired in the company because, for example, a finer size reduction is desired, can loosen the lock nut provided on the threaded spindle and the gap is adjusted while the machine is running become. The typical design of the thread 22 and the Fine-thread spindle 26 allows adjustment of the gap for example 0.2 to 4 mm. The threaded spindle can if necessary also provided with a scale or a vernier to show the gap distance.

Nach der einmal erfolgten Justierung von Stator und Rotor zueinander verbleiben diese unabhängig von der Stellung der Gewindespindel, also der Hin- und Herbewegung im Gewindegang auf den Rotor zu und/oder von diesem weg in Ausrichtung zueinander. Die Einstellung des Spaltabstandes kann durch Betätigung eines einzigen Bedienelementes problemfrei durchgeführt werden und ist so insbesondere von ungelernten Arbeitskräften durchführbar.After the stator and rotor have been adjusted to one another these remain independent of the position of the threaded spindle, So the back and forth movement in the thread towards and / or away from the rotor in alignment with each other. The gap distance can be set by pressing of a single control element carried out without problems and is so especially from unskilled workers feasible.

Anders als dargestellt, ist eine Verstellung des Spaltabstandes nicht nur mit einer Feingewindespindel möglich, sondern auch mit hydraulischen Zylinder-Kolben-Anordnungen usw. Die Verstellung muß nicht zwingend manuell erfolgen, sondern kann auch mittels eines Aktuators bewirkt werden. Es ist hierbei insbesondere möglich, den Spaltabstand nicht einfach ein einziges Mal fest auf einen vorbestimmten Sollwert einzustellen, sondern es können erfindungsgemäß auch Regelungen vorgesehen werden, mit welchen die Einstellung im Betrieb automatisch verändert wird. Dazu kann beispielsweise der Spaltabstand optisch oder auf andere Weise abgetastet werden, die Temperatur oder Feinheit des austretenden Mahlgutes oder bestimmte Eigenschaften wie Feuchtegehalt, Härte usw. des zugeführten Materials bestimmt werden und in Steuer- und/oder Regelschleife eine Anpassung des Spaltabstandes vorgenommen werden.Different from shown is an adjustment of the gap distance not only possible with a fine thread spindle, but also also with hydraulic cylinder-piston arrangements etc. The Adjustment does not necessarily have to be done manually, but can can also be effected by means of an actuator. It is here in particular, the gap distance is not simply a single one Times to a fixed setpoint, rather, regulations can also be provided according to the invention with which the setting in operation automatically is changed. For example, the gap distance can be optically or otherwise sampled, the temperature or fineness of the emerging regrind or certain properties such as moisture content, hardness, etc. of the supplied material be determined and in control and / or control loop an adjustment of the gap distance can be made.

Es versteht sich, daß die beschriebene Anordnung für eine Vielzahl von Zerkleinerungsaufgaben sinnvoll ist. Weiter ist es möglich, die besondere Anordnung des Stators und seine Justierung auch bei anderen Maschinen als bei Zerkleinerungsmaschinen einzusetzen. Insbesondere für Scheibenagglomeratoren, etwa für die Kunststoffverarbeitung, ist die beschriebene Anordnung vorteilhaft.It is understood that the arrangement described for a Variety of shredding tasks makes sense. Is further it is possible the special arrangement of the stator and its adjustment also with machines other than shredding machines to use. Especially for disc agglomerators, the arrangement described is for plastics processing, for example advantageous.

Claims (13)

Materialbearbeitungsmaschine mit einem Rotor und einem zum Rotor allgemein parallel ausrichtbaren Stator, der radial beabstandet zu seiner Achse gehalten ist, gekennzeichnet durch eine Lagerung, in welcher der Stator unter zumindest allgemeiner Erhaltung seiner Ausrichtung auf den Rotor zu und/oder davon weg bewegt werden kann.Material processing machine with one rotor and one Stator that can be aligned generally parallel to the rotor is held radially spaced from its axis through storage in which the stator is located under at least generally maintaining its orientation can be moved towards and / or away from the rotor. Materialbearbeitungsmaschine nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, an deren Maschinengehäuse wenigstens ein Schwenkgelenk vorgesehen ist, an welchem der Stator und seine Befestigung gemeinsam angelenkt sind und um welches diese vor den Rotor geschwenkt werden können.Material processing machine according to the preceding claim, at least on their machine housing Swivel joint is provided on which the stator and its attachment are articulated together and around which these can be pivoted in front of the rotor. Materialbearbeitungsmaschine nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, worin die Befestigung als justierbare Mehrpunktbefestigung ausgebildet ist, mittels welcher der Stator in die zum Rotor allgemein parallele Ausrichtung verkippt werden kann.Material processing machine according to one of the preceding Claims, wherein the attachment as adjustable Multi-point attachment is formed, by means of which the stator in the direction generally parallel to the rotor can be tilted. Materialbearbeitungsmaschine nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, worin die Mehrpunktbefestigung eine Lagerung trägt, in welcher der Stator unter allgemeiner Erhaltung seiner Ausrichtung auf den Rotor zu und/oder davon weg bewegt werden kann und mit welcher der Stator gemeinsam mit dieser und der Halterung in die zum Rotor allgemein parallele Lage gekippt wird.Material processing machine according to the preceding claim, where the multi-point mounting is a bearing in which the stator is in general maintenance its orientation towards and / or away from the rotor can be moved and with which the stator together with this and the bracket in the general to the rotor parallel position is tilted. Materialbearbeitungsmaschine nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, worin die Mehrpunktbefestigung am Außenbereich einer vor den Rotor schwenkbaren Maschinentür vorgesehen ist.Material processing machine according to the preceding claim, where the multi-point attachment on the outside a machine door pivotable in front of the rotor is provided is. Materialbearbeitungsmaschine nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, worin die Befestigung mit einem Innengewinde versehen ist, in welchem die mit einem passenden Außengewinde versehene Statorscheibe auf den Rotor zu und von diesem weg unter allgemeiner Erhaltung ihrer zum Rotor wenigstens etwa parallelen Ausrichtung hin- und hergedreht werden kann.Material processing machine according to one of the preceding Claims, wherein the attachment with an internal thread is provided, in which the with a suitable Stator disk with external thread towards the rotor and away from this with general preservation of their to Rotor back and forth at least approximately parallel alignment can be turned here. Materialbearbeitungsmaschine nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche mit einem Stellmittel umfassend zumindest ein Auflager an der Befestigung, ein Widerlager an der Statorscheibe und ein diese zur Einjustierung eines Spaltabstandes aufeinander zu und/oder voneinander weg bewegendes Stellglied.Material processing machine according to one of the preceding Claims with an adjusting means comprising at least a support on the attachment, an abutment on the Stator disc and one for adjusting one Gap distance towards and / or away from each other moving actuator. Materialberbeitungsmaschine nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, mit einem Regelkreis zur Nachstellung des Stellgliedes, in welchem ein Sensormittel zur Erfassung des augenblicklichen Spaltabstandes, einer Mahlguteigenschaft und/oder eines Maschinenparameters vorgesehen ist.Material processing machine according to the preceding claim, with a control loop for adjusting the actuator, in which a sensor means for detecting the instantaneous gap distance, a grinding property and / or a machine parameter is provided is. Materialbearbeitungsmaschine nach einem der Ansprüche 7 oder 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Stellglied durch eine Feingewindespindel gebildet ist, und eines von Aufund Widerlager als Gewindebohrung für diese Feingewindespindel ausgebildet ist.Material processing machine according to one of claims 7 or 8, characterized in that the actuator by a fine-thread spindle is formed, and one of Aufund Abutment as a threaded hole for this fine thread spindle is trained. Materialbearbeitungsmaschine nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, mit einer radial außen auf einer Rotorscheibe liegenden Mahlbahn, worin der Stator radial außerhalb seiner Mahlbahn gehalten ist.Material processing machine according to one of the preceding Claims, with a radially outside on a rotor disc lying grinding path, wherein the stator is radially outside its grinding path is maintained. Materialbearbeitungsmaschine nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, worin der Stator eine zentrale Öffnung besitzt, durch welche Mahlgut eingeführt werden kann.Material processing machine according to the preceding claim, where the stator has a central opening, through which regrind can be introduced. Materialbearbeitungsmaschine nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es sich um eine Zerkleinerungsmaschine handelt.Material processing machine according to one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that it is is a shredder. Materialbearbeitungsmaschein nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es sich um einen Scheibenagglomerator handelt.Material processing machine according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that it is a Disc agglomerator acts.
EP99122480A 1998-11-17 1999-11-11 Material treating machine with stator adjustment Expired - Lifetime EP1002583B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19853005A DE19853005A1 (en) 1998-11-17 1998-11-17 Shredding machine with stator adjustment
DE19853005 1998-11-17

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EP1002583A2 true EP1002583A2 (en) 2000-05-24
EP1002583A3 EP1002583A3 (en) 2000-11-29
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AT (1) ATE421381T1 (en)
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FR2831838A1 (en) * 2001-11-06 2003-05-09 Phenix Ind Centrifuge grinder comprises chassis carrying first and second plates each carrying set of radially extending cutters, one plate rotated during grinding and other plate displaceable to allow adjustment of cutter assemblies spacing

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DE102012010061B4 (en) * 2012-05-23 2017-07-06 Fritsch Gmbh Laboratory disc mill with parallel adjustment of grinding discs

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GB1560927A (en) * 1976-04-06 1980-02-13 Pallmann Kg Maschf Agglomerating apparatus for thermoplastic plastics films
EP0227879A2 (en) * 1985-12-28 1987-07-08 Masamichi Nagao Grinder for use in grinding apparatus
US5509610A (en) * 1994-01-27 1996-04-23 Gibbco, Inc. Centrifugal chopping and grinding apparatus
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US3684200A (en) * 1968-12-20 1972-08-15 Rolf Bertil Reinhall Grinding apparatus
GB1560927A (en) * 1976-04-06 1980-02-13 Pallmann Kg Maschf Agglomerating apparatus for thermoplastic plastics films
EP0227879A2 (en) * 1985-12-28 1987-07-08 Masamichi Nagao Grinder for use in grinding apparatus
US5509610A (en) * 1994-01-27 1996-04-23 Gibbco, Inc. Centrifugal chopping and grinding apparatus
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2831838A1 (en) * 2001-11-06 2003-05-09 Phenix Ind Centrifuge grinder comprises chassis carrying first and second plates each carrying set of radially extending cutters, one plate rotated during grinding and other plate displaceable to allow adjustment of cutter assemblies spacing

Also Published As

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EP1002583B1 (en) 2009-01-21
EP1002583A3 (en) 2000-11-29
DE59914953D1 (en) 2009-03-12
DE19853005A1 (en) 2000-05-18
ATE421381T1 (en) 2009-02-15

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